1
|
Mason CJ. Evaluating impacts of radiation-induced sterilization on the performance and gut microbiome of mass-reared Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) in Hawai'i. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024:toae173. [PMID: 39121386 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Sterile insect technique (SIT) is a useful strategy for preventing and mitigative establishment of invasive insect species. SIT of the pest tephritid Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824)WiedemannWiedemann, has been effective in preventing population establishment in vulnerable agricultural areas of the United States. However, irradiation-induced sterilization can have detrimental impacts resulting in reduced performance metrics. Mediterranean fruit fly males reared for SIT have been shown to have differences in their microbiomes relative to other population sources, which has been postulated to be a factor in how well flies compete with wild conspecifics. To identify baseline performance metrics on the effects of irradiation on the gut microbiome of mass-reared flies in Hawai'i, a study was performed to assess performance metrics and microbiome (bacterial 16S rRNA) variation across multiple timepoints. Mediterranean fruit fly pupae were selected from mass-reared trays intended for release, and paired samples were either irradiated or remained as controls and transported to the laboratory for evaluation. Irradiated flies exhibited fewer successful fliers, more rapid mortality rates, and were less active relative to control nonirradiated flies. Contrary to initial expectations, irradiation did not exert substantial impacts on the composition or diversity of bacterial reads. Samples were primarily comprised of sequences classified as Klebsiella and there were low levels of both read and taxonomic diversity relative to other 16S surveys of medfly. Although this study does not demonstrate a strong effect of irradiation alone on the Mediterranean fruit fly microbiome, there are several explanations for this discrepancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Mason
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kempraj V, Auth J, Cha DH, Mason CJ. Impact of Larval Food Source on the Stability of the Bactrocera dorsalis Microbiome. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:46. [PMID: 38407587 PMCID: PMC10896919 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial symbionts are crucial to the biology of Bactrocera dorsalis. With larval diet (fruit host) being a key factor that determines microbiome composition and with B. dorsalis using more than 400 fruits as hosts, it is unclear if certain bacterial symbionts are preserved and are passed on to B. dorsalis progenies despite changes in larval diet. Here, we conducted a fly rearing experiment to characterize diet-induced changes in the microbiome of female B. dorsalis. In order to explicitly investigate the impacts of larval diet on the microbiome, including potential stable bacterial constituents of B. dorsalis, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on the gut tissues of teneral female flies reared from four different host fruits (guava, mango, papaya, and rose apple) infested using a single cohort of wild B. dorsalis that emerged from tropical almond (mother flies). Although B. dorsalis-associated microbiota were predominantly shaped by the larval diet, some major bacterial species from the mother flies were retained in progenies raised on different larval diets. With some variation, Klebsiella (ASV 1 and 2), Morganella (ASV 3), and Providencia (ASV 6) were the major bacterial symbionts that were stable and made up 0.1-80% of the gut and ovipositor microbiome of female teneral flies reared on different host fruits. Our results suggest that certain groups of bacteria are stably associated with female B. dorsalis across larval diets. These findings provide a basis for unexplored research on symbiotic bacterial function in B. dorsalis and may aid in the development of novel management techniques against this devastating pest of horticultural importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kempraj
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, Komohana Research and Extension Center, University of Hawai'i, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Jean Auth
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Dong H Cha
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Crop and Commodity Protection Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| | - Charles J Mason
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye US Pacific Basin Agriculture Research Center, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haytham H, Kamel C, Wafa D, Salma F, Naima BM, George T, Ameur C, Msaad Guerfali M. Probiotic consortium modulating the gut microbiota composition and function of sterile Mediterranean fruit flies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1058. [PMID: 38212383 PMCID: PMC10784543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The sterile insect technique (SIT) remains a successful approach in managing pest insects. However, the long-term mass rearing and sterilizing radiation associated with SIT have been observed to induce physiological and ecological fitness decline in target insects. This decline may be attributed to various factors, including commensal microbiota dysbiosis, selection procedures, loss of heterozygosity, and other complex interactions.. There is evidence that the bacterial symbiont of insects may play critical roles in digestion, development, reproduction, and behavior. Probiotics are an increasingly common approach for restoring the intestinal microbiota structure and fitness parameters of sterile insects, particularly in the Vienna 8 genetic sexing strain (V8-GSS) of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata. Here, we explore the influence of the previously isolated bacterial strain, Lactococcus lactis, Enterobacter sp., and Klebsiella oxytoca, administration as probiotic consortia (LEK-PC) to the larvae and/or adult diet over the course of 20 rearing generations on fitness parameters. The experiment was carried out in four colonies: a control colony (C), one to which probiotics were not added, one to which probiotics were added to the larval medium (L+), one to which probiotics were added to the adult medium (A+), and one to which probiotics were added to both the larval and adult mediums (AL+). Emergence, flight ability, survival under stress conditions, and mating competitiveness, were all significantly improved by the LEK-PC treatment independently of the administration stage. The intestinal microbiota structure of various medfly V8-GSS colonies also underwent a significant shift, despite the fact that the core microbial community was unaffected by the LEK-PC administration stage, according to 16S metagenomics sequencing. Comparison of the metabolic function prediction and associated carbohydrate enzymes among colonies treated with "LEK-PC" showed an enrichment of metabolic functions related to carbohydrates, amino acids, cofactors, and vitamins metabolism, as well as, glycoside hydrolase enzymes in the AL+ colony compared to the control. This study enriches the knowledge regarding the benefits of probiotic treatment to modulate and restore the intestinal microbiota of C. capitata sterile males for a better effectiveness of the SIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamden Haytham
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Charaabi Kamel
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Djobbi Wafa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Fadhel Salma
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Bel Mokhtar Naima
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Tsiamis George
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Cherif Ameur
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sidi Thabet, BVBGR-LR11ES31, University of Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Msaad Guerfali
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technologies, LR16CNSTN01, National Centre of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mason CJ, Auth J, Geib SM. Gut bacterial population and community dynamics following adult emergence in pest tephritid fruit flies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13723. [PMID: 37607978 PMCID: PMC10444893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota are important contributors to insect success. Host-microbe interactions are dynamic and can change as hosts age and/or encounter different environments. A turning point in these relationships the transition from immature to adult life stages, particularly for holometabolous insects where there is radical restructuring of the gut. Improved knowledge of population and community dynamics of gut microbiomes upon adult emergence inform drivers of community assembly and physiological aspects of host-microbe interactions. Here, we evaluated the bacterial communities of the pest tephritid species melon fly (Zeugodacus cucurbitae) and Medditeranean fruit fly (medfly, Ceratitis capitata) associated with the pupae life stage and timepoints immediately following adult eclosion. We used a combination of culturing to determine cultivatable bacterial titers, qPCR to determine 16S-rRNA SSU copy numbers, and 16S V4 sequencing to determine changes in communities. Both culturing and qPCR revealed that fly bacterial populations declined upon adult emergence by 10 to 100-fold followed by recovery within 24 h following eclosion. Titers reached ~ 107 CFUs (~ 108 16S rRNA copies) within a week post-emergence. We also observed concurrent changes in amplicon sequence variance (ASVs), where the ASV composition differed overtime for both melon fly and medfly adults at different timepoints. Medfly, in particular, had different microbiome compositions at each timepoint, indicating greater levels of variation before stabilization. These results demonstrate that tephritid microbiomes experience a period of flux following adult emergence, where both biomass and the makeup of the community undergoes dramatic shifts. The host-microbe dynamics we document suggest plasticity in the community and that there may be specific periods where the tephritid gut microbiome may be pliable to introduce and establish new microbial strains in the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Mason
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA.
| | - Jean Auth
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Scott M Geib
- Tropical Pest Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Daniel K Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kyritsis GA, Koskinioti P, Bourtzis K, Papadopoulos NT. Effect of Wolbachia Infection and Adult Food on the Sexual Signaling of Males of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata. INSECTS 2022; 13:737. [PMID: 36005362 PMCID: PMC9409120 DOI: 10.3390/insects13080737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual signaling is a fundamental component of sexual behavior of Ceratitis capitata that highly determines males' mating success. Nutritional status and age are dominant factors known to affect males' signaling performance and define the female decision to accept a male as a sexual partner. Wolbachia pipientis, a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium of insects and other arthropods, exerts several biological effects on its hosts. However, the effects of Wolbachia infection on the sexual behavior of medfly and the interaction between Wolbachia infection and adult food remain unexplored. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Wolbachia on sexual signaling of protein-fed and protein-deprived males. Our findings demonstrate that: (a) Wolbachia infection reduced male sexual signaling rates in both food regimes; (b) the negative effect of Wolbachia infection was more pronounced on protein-fed than protein-deprived males, and it was higher at younger ages, indicating that the bacterium regulates male sexual maturity; (c) Wolbachia infection alters the daily pattern of sexual signaling; and (d) protein deprivation bears significant descent on sexual signaling frequency of the uninfected males, whereas no difference was observed for the Wolbachia-infected males. The impact of our findings on the implementation of Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) or the combined SIT/IIT towards controlling insect pests is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Kyritsis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| |
Collapse
|