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Ortolá B, Urbaneja A, Eiras M, Pérez-Hedo M, Daròs JA. RNAi-mediated silencing of Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) endogenous genes using orally-supplied double-stranded RNAs produced in Escherichia coli. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:1087-1098. [PMID: 37851867 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, is a major pest affecting fruit and vegetable production worldwide, whose control is mainly based on insecticides. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) able to down-regulate endogenous genes, thus affecting essential vital functions via RNA interference (RNAi) in pests and pathogens, is envisioned as a more specific and environmentally-friendly alternative to traditional insecticides. However, this strategy has not been explored in medfly yet. RESULTS Here, we screened seven candidate target genes by injecting in adult medflies gene-specific dsRNA hairpins transcribed in vitro. Several genes were significantly down-regulated, resulting in increased insect mortality compared to flies treated with a control dsRNA targeting the green fluorescent protein (GFP) complementary DNA (cDNA). Three of the dsRNAs, homologous to the beta subunit of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase (ATPsynbeta), a vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), and the ribosomal protein S13 (RPS13), were able to halve the probability of survival in only 48 h after injection. We then produced new versions of these three dsRNAs and that of the GFP control as circular molecules in Escherichia coli using a two-self-splicing-intron-based expression system and tested them as orally-delivered insecticidal compounds against medfly adults. We observed a significant down-regulation of V-ATPase and RPS13 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) (approximately 30% and 90%, respectively) compared with the control medflies after 3 days of treatment. No significant mortality was recorded in medflies, but egg laying and hatching reduction was achieved by silencing V-ATPase and RPS13. CONCLUSION In sum, we report the potential of dsRNA molecules as oral insecticide in medfly. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beltrán Ortolá
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Urbaneja
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcelo Eiras
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), Valencia, Spain
- Laboratório de Fitovirologia e Fisiopatologia, Instituto Biológico, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meritxell Pérez-Hedo
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - José-Antonio Daròs
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València), Valencia, Spain
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Buonocore-Biancheri MJ, Wang X, Núñez-Campero SR, Suárez L, Schliserman P, Ponssa MD, Kirschbaum DS, Garcia FRM, Ovruski SM. The Population Dynamics and Parasitism Rates of Ceratitis capitata, Anastrepha fraterculus, and Drosophila suzukii in Non-Crop Hosts: Implications for the Management of Pest Fruit Flies. Insects 2024; 15:61. [PMID: 38249067 PMCID: PMC10817041 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the seasonal dynamics inherent to non-crop host-fruit fly-parasitoid interactions is vitally important for implementing eco-friendly pest control strategies. This study assessed the abundance and seasonal infestation levels of three pest fly species, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), as well as the related saprophytic drosophilids, and their natural parasitism in a disturbed wild habitat characterized by non-crop hosts in northwestern Argentina over 40 months. Juglans australis Griseb (walnut), Citrus aurantium L. (sour orange), Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindley (loquat), Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (peach), and Psydium guajava L. (guava) were sampled throughout their fruiting seasons. Fruits were collected from both the tree canopies and the ground. The most abundant puparia was A. fraterculus, followed by C. capitata and D. suzukii. Drosophila species from the D. melanogaster group were highly abundant only in fallen fruits. Spatiotemporal overlaps of different host fruit availability provided suitable sources for pest proliferation throughout the year. The populations of both invasive pests peaked from December to January, and were related to the highest ripe peach availability, whereas the A. fraterculus population peaked from February to April, overlapping with the guava fruiting period. The three pest fly species were parasitized mainly by three generalist resident parasitoids, which are potential biocontrol agents to use within an integrated pest management approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Josefina Buonocore-Biancheri
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos y Biotecnología (PROIMI-CONICET), División Control Biológico, Avda. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán T4001MVB, Argentina; (M.J.B.-B.); (M.D.P.); (S.M.O.)
| | - Xingeng Wang
- USDA-ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Segundo Ricardo Núñez-Campero
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR-CONICET), Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, Anillaco, La Rioja 5301, Argentina;
- Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Biología de la Conservación y Paleobiología, Universidad Nacional de La Rioja (UNLaR), Av. Luis M. de la Fuente s/n., La Rioja 5300, Argentina
| | - Lorena Suárez
- Dirección de Sanidad Vegetal, Animal y Alimentos de San Juan (DSVAA)-Gobierno de la Provincia de San Juan, CONICET, Nazario Benavides 8000 Oeste, Rivadavia, San Juan J5413ZAD, Argentina;
- CCT CONICET San Juan, Argentina Av. Libertador Gral. San Martín 1109, San Juan J5400AR, Argentina
| | - Pablo Schliserman
- Centro Regional De Energía y Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable (CREAS), CONICET-UNCA, Prado 366, de Catamarca 4700 SFV, Argentina;
| | - Marcos Darío Ponssa
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos y Biotecnología (PROIMI-CONICET), División Control Biológico, Avda. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán T4001MVB, Argentina; (M.J.B.-B.); (M.D.P.); (S.M.O.)
| | - Daniel Santiago Kirschbaum
- INTA Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, Tucumán Ruta Prov. 301, km 32, Famaillá 4132, Argentina;
- Cátedra Horticultura, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán 4000, Argentina
| | - Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia
- Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas 96000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;
| | - Sergio Marcelo Ovruski
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos y Biotecnología (PROIMI-CONICET), División Control Biológico, Avda. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán T4001MVB, Argentina; (M.J.B.-B.); (M.D.P.); (S.M.O.)
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Guillem-Amat A, López-Errasquín E, García-Ricote I, Barbero JL, Sánchez L, Casas-Tintó S, Ortego F. Immunodetection of Truncated Forms of the α6 Subunit of the nAChR in the Brain of Spinosad Resistant Ceratitis capitata Phenotypes. Insects 2023; 14:857. [PMID: 37999056 PMCID: PMC10672392 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The α6 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) has been proposed as the target for spinosad in insects. Point mutations that result in premature stop codons in the α6 gene of Ceratitis capitata flies have been previously associated with spinosad resistance, but it is unknown if these transcripts are translated and if so, what is the location of the putative truncated proteins. In this work, we produced a specific antibody against C. capitata α6 (Ccα6) and validated it by ELISA, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays in brain tissues. The antibody detects both wild-type and truncated forms of Ccα6 in vivo, and the protein is located in the cell membrane of the brain of wild-type spinosad sensitive flies. On the contrary, the shortened transcripts present in resistant flies generate putative truncated proteins that, for the most part, fail to reach their final destination in the membrane of the cells and remain in the cytoplasm. The differences observed in the locations of wild-type and truncated α6 proteins are proposed to determine the susceptibility or resistance to spinosad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guillem-Amat
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain (F.O.)
| | - Elena López-Errasquín
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain (F.O.)
| | | | - José Luis Barbero
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain (F.O.)
| | - Lucas Sánchez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain (F.O.)
| | | | - Félix Ortego
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain (F.O.)
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Prekas PN, Rodovitis VG, Bataka EP, Nestel D, Nakas CT, Papadopoulos NT. Optimization of Brewer's Yeast Quantity in Liquid and Gel Larval Diets for the Mediterranean Fruit Fly. Insects 2023; 14:828. [PMID: 37887840 PMCID: PMC10607779 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Several artificial larval diets have been developed, evaluated and used for mass-rearing of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Teprhitidae). There are several efforts to reduce the cost of rearing and optimize the quality of the produced sterile males that are destined for release in sterile insect release programs. Survival, growth, longevity and reproductive capacity of sterile males are strongly connected with the most expensive ingredient, the brewer's yeast (protein), in the larval diet. The current study focused on settling the optimal content of brewer's yeast in a liquid diet and a gel diet. Egg hatch rates, developmental duration of immatures, pupation rate, pupae and adult survival were recorded as indicators of quantity and quality of the produced adults. Egg hatch was higher and larval developmental duration longer in the gel diet. In contrast to the liquid diet, an increase in brewer's yeast concentration was correlated with increased pupation rate and pupae survival in the gel diet. Reducing brewer's yeast up to 50% of its initial quantity had no significant effect on the survival of the emerging adults regardless of the diet type. Our findings may contribute to the production of low-cost and effective diets for use in mass-rearing facilities of medflies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraschos N. Prekas
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Volos, Greece; (P.N.P.); (V.G.R.)
| | - Vasilis G. Rodovitis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Volos, Greece; (P.N.P.); (V.G.R.)
| | - Evmorfia P. Bataka
- Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Volos, Greece; (E.P.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - David Nestel
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Entomology, ARO, The Volcani Ctr., Beit Dagan 50250, Israel;
| | - Christos T. Nakas
- Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Volos, Greece; (E.P.B.); (C.T.N.)
- University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou St., 38446 Volos, Greece; (P.N.P.); (V.G.R.)
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Smargiassi S, Masoni A, Frizzi F, Balzani P, Desiato E, Benelli G, Canale A, Santini G. Keep Your Eggs Away: Ant Presence Reduces Ceratitis capitata Oviposition Behaviour through Trait-Mediated Indirect Interactions. Insects 2023; 14:532. [PMID: 37367348 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Alternative methods to achieve sustainable agricultural production while reducing the use of chemical pesticides, such as biological control, are increasingly needed. The exploitation of trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs), in which pests modify their behavior in response to some cues (e.g., pheromones and other semiochemicals) to avoid predation risk, may be a possible strategy. In this study, we tested the effect of TMIIs of two Mediterranean ant species, Crematogaster scutellaris and Tapinoma nigerrimum, on the oviposition behaviour of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), one of the world's most economically damaging pests, which attacks fruits. For each ant species, we performed choice experiments using ant-scented and control plums, counting the time spent by medflies on fruits and the number of pupae emerging from them. Results of both ant species tests showed a significantly shorter time spent by ovipositing medflies on ant-exposed plums and a lower number of pupae, when compared to the control group. Our findings highlighted that the semiochemicals released by ants on plums triggered an avoidance behaviour by medfly females, leading to lower oviposition rates. This study contributes to the understanding of indirect ant-pest interactions in Mediterranean agricultural settings and points out the potential of utilising ant-borne semiochemicals in sustainable IPM strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Masoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Frizzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paride Balzani
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Elisa Desiato
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Kyritsis GA, Koskinioti P, Bourtzis K, Papadopoulos NT. Effect of Wolbachia Infection and Adult Food on the Sexual Signaling of Males of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata. Insects 2022; 13:737. [PMID: 36005362 PMCID: PMC9409120 DOI: 10.3390/insects13080737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sexual signaling is a fundamental component of sexual behavior of Ceratitis capitata that highly determines males' mating success. Nutritional status and age are dominant factors known to affect males' signaling performance and define the female decision to accept a male as a sexual partner. Wolbachia pipientis, a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium of insects and other arthropods, exerts several biological effects on its hosts. However, the effects of Wolbachia infection on the sexual behavior of medfly and the interaction between Wolbachia infection and adult food remain unexplored. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Wolbachia on sexual signaling of protein-fed and protein-deprived males. Our findings demonstrate that: (a) Wolbachia infection reduced male sexual signaling rates in both food regimes; (b) the negative effect of Wolbachia infection was more pronounced on protein-fed than protein-deprived males, and it was higher at younger ages, indicating that the bacterium regulates male sexual maturity; (c) Wolbachia infection alters the daily pattern of sexual signaling; and (d) protein deprivation bears significant descent on sexual signaling frequency of the uninfected males, whereas no difference was observed for the Wolbachia-infected males. The impact of our findings on the implementation of Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) or the combined SIT/IIT towards controlling insect pests is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Kyritsis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Panagiota Koskinioti
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St., 38446 New Ionia, Greece
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Bel Mokhtar N, Catalá-Oltra M, Stathopoulou P, Asimakis E, Remmal I, Remmas N, Maurady A, Britel MR, García de Oteyza J, Tsiamis G, Dembilio Ó. Dynamics of the Gut Bacteriome During a Laboratory Adaptation Process of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919760. [PMID: 35847076 PMCID: PMC9283074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory adaptation process used in sterile insect technique (SIT) programs can exert a significant impact on the insect-gut microbiome relationship, which may negatively impact the quality and performance of the fly. In the present study, changes in the gut microbiota that occur through laboratory adaptation of two Ceratitis capitata populations were investigated: Vienna 8 genetic sexing strain (GSS), a long-established control line, and a wild population recently introduced to laboratory conditions. The bacterial profiles were studied for both strains using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 hypervariable region in larvae and in the gastrointestinal tract of teneral (1 day) and adults (5 and 15 days) reared under laboratory conditions for 14 generations (F0-F13). Findings demonstrated the development of distinct bacterial communities across the generations with differences in the bacterial composition, suggesting a strong impact of laboratory adaptation on the fly bacteriome. Moreover, different bacterial profiles were observed between wild and Vienna 8 FD-GSS displaying different patterns between the developmental stages. Proteobacteria, mainly members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, represented the major component of the bacterial community followed by Firmicutes (mainly in Vienna 8 FD-GSS adults) and Chlamydiae. The distribution of these communities is dynamic across the generations and seems to be strain- and age-specific. In the Vienna 8 FD-GSS population, Providencia exhibited high relative abundance in the first three generations and decreased significantly later, while Klebsiella was relatively stable. In the wild population, Klebsiella was dominant across most of the generations, indicating that the wild population was more resistant to artificial rearing conditions compared with the Vienna 8 FD-GSS colony. Analysis of the core bacteriome revealed the presence of nine shared taxa between most of the examined medfly samples including Klebsiella, Providencia, Pantoea, and Pseudomonas. In addition, the operational taxonomic unit co-occurrence and mutual exclusion networks of the wild population indicated that most of the interactions were classified as co-presence, while in the Vienna 8 FD-GSS population, the number of mutual exclusions and co-presence interactions was equally distributed. Obtained results provided a thorough study of the dynamics of gut-associated bacteria during the laboratory adaptation of different Ceratitis capitata populations, serving as guidance for the design of colonization protocols, improving the effectiveness of artificial rearing and the SIT application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Bel Mokhtar
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Marta Catalá-Oltra
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E., M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Elias Asimakis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Imane Remmal
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Nikolaos Remmas
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Amal Maurady
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Reda Britel
- Laboratory of Innovative Technology, National School of Applied Sciences of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essâadi University, Tétouan, Morocco
| | | | - George Tsiamis
- Laboratory of Systems Microbiology and Applied Genomics, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Óscar Dembilio
- Empresa de Transformación Agraria S.A., S.M.E., M.P. (TRAGSA), Paterna, Spain
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Kurtca M, Tumen I, Keskin H, Tabanca N, Yang X, Demirci B, Kendra PE. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Leaves and Fruits of Juniperus foetidissima and Their Attractancy and Toxicity to Two Economically Important Tephritid Fruit Fly Species, Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha suspensa. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247504. [PMID: 34946585 PMCID: PMC8704769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the chemical composition of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. essential oils (EOs) and evaluated their attractancy and toxicity to two agriculturally important tephritid fruit flies. The composition of hydrodistilled EOs obtained from leaves (JFLEO) and fruits (JFFEO) of J. foetidissima was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The main compounds were α-pinene (45%) and cedrol (18%) in the JFLEO and α-pinene (42%), α-thujone (12%), and β-thujone (25%) in the JFFEO. In behavioral bioassays of the male Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), both JFLEO and JFFEO showed strong attraction comparable to that observed with two positive controls, Melaleuca alternifolia and Tetradenia riparia EOs. In topical bioassays of the female Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), the toxicity of JFFEO was two-fold higher than that of JFLEO, with the LD50 values being 10.46 and 22.07 µg/µL, respectively. This could be due to differences in chemical components between JFLEO and JFFEO. The JFFEO was dominated by 48% monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) and 46% oxygenated monoterpenes (OM), while JFLEO consisted of 57% MH, 18% OM, and 20% oxygenated sesquiterpenes (OS). This is the first study to evaluate the attractancy and toxicity of J. foetidissima EOs to tephritid fruit flies. Our results indicate that JFFEO has the potential for application to the management of pest tephritid species, and further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kurtca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Ibrahim Tumen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandirma, Turkey
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (P.E.K.)
| | - Hasan Keskin
- Department of Forest Products Chemistry, Faculty of Forestry, Bartin University, 74100 Bartin, Turkey;
| | - Nurhayat Tabanca
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA; (N.T.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiangbing Yang
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA; (N.T.); (X.Y.)
| | - Betul Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey;
| | - Paul E. Kendra
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA; (N.T.); (X.Y.)
- Correspondence: (I.T.); (P.E.K.)
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Sivakala KK, Jose PA, Matan O, Zohar-Perez C, Nussinovitch A, Jurkevitch E. In vivo predation and modification of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) gut microbiome by the bacterial predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2971-2980. [PMID: 34061420 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The Mediterranean fruit fly (the medfly) causes major losses of agricultural fruits. Its microbiome is mainly composed of various Enterobacteriaceae that contribute to nutrient acquisition and are associated with the fly's development. Moreover, the performance of males produced by the sterile insect technique is improved by providing mass-reared insects with specific gut bacteria. Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) are obligate predators of Gram-negative bacteria that efficiently preys upon diverse Enterobacteriaceae, making it a potential disruptor of the fly's microbiome. We hypothesized that the fly's microbiome can be targeted to control the insect. METHODS AND RESULTS Inoculation of B. bacteriovorus as free-swimming or encapsulated cells into gut extracts significantly reduced gut bacterial abundance, sustaining predator survival. Similar treatments applied to adult flies showed that the predators also survived in the gut environment. While addition of the predators did not affect total gut bacterial abundance and end-point fly mortality, a shift in the gut community structure, measured by high-throughput community sequencing was observed. CONCLUSIONS The bacterial predator of bacteria B. bacteriovorus can prey and survive in vivo in the medfly gut. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study establishes the potential of BALOs to affect the microbiome of insect hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Sivakala
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Entomology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - P A Jose
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Entomology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - O Matan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C Zohar-Perez
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - A Nussinovitch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Jurkevitch
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Luu-Dam NA, Tabanca N, Estep AS, Nguyen DH, Kendra PE. Insecticidal and Attractant Activities of Magnolia citrata Leaf Essential Oil against Two Major Pests from Diptera: Aedes aegypti (Culicidae) and Ceratitis capitata (Tephritidae). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082311. [PMID: 33923456 PMCID: PMC8072556 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Magnolia citrata Noot and Chalermglin (Magnoliaceae) essential oil (MCEO) was evaluated for insecticidal activity against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and attractant activity for the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. The leaves of Magnolia citrata (Giổi chanh) were collected from northwestern Vietnam, and the water-distilled MCEO was analyzed by gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituents of MCEO were identified as linalool 19%, geranial 16%, citronellal 14%, neral 14%, and sabinene 12%. MCEO showed 100% mortality at 1 μg/μL against 1st instar larvae of Ae. aegypti (Orlando strain, ORL), and the oil exhibited 54% (ORL) and 68% (Puerto Rico strain) mortality at 5 μg/mosquito against Ae. aegypti adult females. Initial screens showed that MCEO had weak insecticidal activity compared to the positive control permethrin. In bioassays with sterile male C. capitata, MCEO exhibited moderately strong attraction, comparable to that observed with a positive control, Tetradenia riparia essential oil (TREO). Herein, the insecticidal and attractant activities of MCEO are reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Anh Luu-Dam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Graduate University of Science and Technology, No. 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam; (N.A.L.-D.); (D.H.N.)
- Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam
| | - Nurhayat Tabanca
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (P.E.K.)
| | - Alden S. Estep
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Duy Hung Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Graduate University of Science and Technology, No. 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam; (N.A.L.-D.); (D.H.N.)
| | - Paul E. Kendra
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (P.E.K.)
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11
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de Pedro L, Harbi A, Tormos J, Sabater-Muñoz B, Beitia F. A Minor Role of Host Fruit on the Parasitic Performance of Aganaspis daci (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) on Medfly Larvae. Insects 2021; 12:insects12040345. [PMID: 33924394 PMCID: PMC8069571 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The medfly, Ceratitis capitata, is one of the main pests of citrus and other fruits worldwide. One of the most promising parasitoids for the control of this pest is Aganaspis daci, which has been recently discovered in the Mediterranean Basin. The development of fruit pests is strongly affected by the host fruit and this is also expected to affect the parasitic performance of their natural enemies. Therefore, in this study, we measured both the olfactory and parasitic response of female Aganaspis daci to different fruit species that can host medfly larvae. This parasitoid was more attracted to apples and uninfested fruit and showed very similar parasitic activity among the different tested fruits. However, the parasitic performance differed significantly depending on the environmental conditions under which the assays were conducted, showing good results in the laboratory and a much poorer performance in greenhouse trials. We conclude that A. daci may be a good candidate to control the medfly in a range of different crops, but only when climatic conditions allow normal activity of this species. Abstract Host fruit is known to strongly affect the performance of both fruit pests and their potential natural enemies. This is particularly important in the control of tephritid fruit flies, whose larvae develop inside the fruit and thus create a set of foraging problems for parasitoids. In the present study, we assessed the response of female Aganaspis daci (Weld) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), one of the most promising parasitoids for tephritid biocontrol in the Mediterranean Basin, to different potential host fruit species. We measured the olfactory response to medfly-infested and uninfested fruits, and several biological parameters of A. daci when different infested fruits were offered under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that this parasitoid was significantly more attracted to apples and uninfested fruit. Moreover, parasitic activity was similar among the tested fruits under both conditions, showing very high values in the laboratory and a much poorer performance when conditions were variable. This suggests that A. daci may be a good candidate to be included in mass releases against the medfly regardless of the affected crop, but only when climate conditions are not expected to hinder its normal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis de Pedro
- Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA-CIB CSIC, Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada a Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain; (A.H.); (B.S.-M.); (F.B.)
- Unidad de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Department of Crop Protection, Biological Control and Ecosystem Services, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario, C/Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-362-788
| | - Ahlem Harbi
- Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA-CIB CSIC, Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada a Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain; (A.H.); (B.S.-M.); (F.B.)
- High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, University of Sousse, Chott-Mariem 4042, Tunisia
| | - José Tormos
- Unidad de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Sabater-Muñoz
- Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA-CIB CSIC, Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada a Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain; (A.H.); (B.S.-M.); (F.B.)
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin2 D02 VF25 Dublin, Ireland
- Integrative Systems Biology Group, Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP) from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Beitia
- Unidad Asociada de Entomología IVIA-CIB CSIC, Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada a Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain; (A.H.); (B.S.-M.); (F.B.)
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12
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Duarte F, Calvo MV, Delgado S, Bartolucci A, Asfennato A, Borges A, Scatoni I, García FM. Release-Recapture Test of Dispersal and Survival of Sterile Males of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Neotrop Entomol 2020; 49:893-900. [PMID: 32813215 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The sterile insect technique is used around the world to suppress or eradicate populations of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) with successful results. It consists of inundative releases of sterile insects into a wide area to reduce reproduction in a field population of the same species. It is necessary to know the dispersion of the sterile males in the field in order to define the maximum distance between the release points that ensures the distribution of the sterile flies in the entire target area. The release methods may vary depending on the area to be covered and the resources available. Manual ground release requires less technology. The aim of this research was to estimate the ability of sterile males to survive and disperse in the field, in the two main areas of citrus production in Uruguay. A release of 20,000 sterile males of C. capitata TslV8 (-inv D53) was performed at the central point of each area defined for the trials. Around these points, a network of 54 Jackson traps baited with trimedlure was installed forming five concentric rings, which were placed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after the release and were removed at 24 h in all cases. The emergence rate, flight ability, dispersion, and longevity were estimated. The standard distances obtained by the regression models were 127 m and 131 m for Salto and San José respectively. In Salto, the traps had catches until the eighth day, and in San José, there were no catches after the sixth day.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duarte
- Depto de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay.
- División Protección Agrícola, Dirección General de Servicios Agrícolas, Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - M V Calvo
- Depto de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - S Delgado
- Depto de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Bartolucci
- Instituto de Sanidad y Calidad Agropecuaria de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A Asfennato
- Instituto de Sanidad y Calidad Agropecuaria de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - A Borges
- Depto de Biometría, Estadística y Cómputos, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - I Scatoni
- Depto de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - F M García
- Lab de Ecologia de Insetos, Instituto de Biologia, Depto de Zoologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Guillem‐Amat A, Sánchez L, López‐Errasquín E, Ureña E, Hernández‐Crespo P, Ortego F. Field detection and predicted evolution of spinosad resistance in Ceratitis capitata. Pest Manag Sci 2020; 76:3702-3710. [PMID: 32431017 PMCID: PMC7587006 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sustainable control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is compromised by the development of resistance to malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin in Spanish field populations. At present, field populations remain susceptible to spinosad. However, the resistant strain JW-100s has been obtained under laboratory selection with spinosad, and resistance has been associated with the presence of different mutations causing truncated transcripts of the α6 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRα6). RESULTS An F1 screen assay followed by the molecular characterization of surviving flies has been used to search for spinosad-resistant alleles in field populations. Two different resistant alleles giving rise to truncated isoforms of Ccα6 have been identified, which corresponds to an estimated allelic frequency of at least 0.0023-0.0046. The fitness values of the resistant nAChRα6 alleles found in the laboratory strain JW-100s were estimated to be 0.4 for RR and 0.2 for SR. Mathematical modelling predicted that spinosad-resistant alleles will rapidly decline over time in field populations if their fitness cost was the same as estimated for laboratory-resistant alleles. However, they are predicted to increase in the field if their fitness cost is lower and resistance management strategies are not implemented. CONCLUSION Spinosad-resistant alleles have been detected in field populations for the first time. Our modelling simulations indicate that the best option to delay the appearance of spinosad resistance would be its rotation with other insecticides without cross-resistance. The integrated F1 screen/molecular genetic analysis presented here can be used for future monitoring studies. © 2020 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guillem‐Amat
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de PlantasCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
| | - Lucas Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y MolecularCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
| | - Elena López‐Errasquín
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de PlantasCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
| | - Enric Ureña
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de PlantasCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
| | - Pedro Hernández‐Crespo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de PlantasCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
| | - Félix Ortego
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de PlantasCentro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margaritas SalasMadridSpain
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Papanastasiou SA, Ioannou CS, Papadopoulos NT. Oviposition-deterrent effect of linalool - a compound of citrus essential oils - on female Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pest Manag Sci 2020; 76:3066-3077. [PMID: 32281245 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linalool is a natural scent, found in essential oils (EOs) of several plants. It is widely used as a fragrant, also possessing toxic, oviposition-deterrent and repellent properties against many insect species. Ceratitis capitata (medfly) is one of the most notorious insect pests for international fresh fruit production. Despite the available information on the repellent effects of EOs on herbivorous insects, possible oviposition-deterrent effects of linalool against C. capitata remain unknown. OBJECTIVES AND RESULTS We tested whether different linalool concentrations, application methods on fruit hosts and time since application elicited oviposition-deterrence on medfly, from bitter oranges, apples and nectarines, under constant laboratory conditions. We also tested possible repellent properties of linalool on adult medflies in field conditions. Females drilled fewer oviposition stings and deposited fewer eggs per fruit in all linalool-treated hosts. Spraying and topical-droplet application were the most efficient methods on bitter oranges, although spraying was the least effective method in apples. Bitter oranges and nectarines that were offered to females immediately post-exposure to linalool received more oviposition stings and eggs than those offered 3 days post-exposure to linalool solutions. Conversely, apples tested 3 days following linalool application received significantly more oviposition stings and eggs than those tested immediately and 1 day post-exposure. More adults in total, and more females, were captured in traps located on untreated-control than on linalool-treated trees, especially in citrus hosts. CONCLUSION Linalool has a potential future use in environmentally friendly control strategies against C. capitata. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella A Papanastasiou
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Charalampos S Ioannou
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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15
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García-Reina A, Rossi E, Galián J. Effects of lipopolysaccharide and juvenile hormone III treatments on cell growth and gene expression in the Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) CCE/CC128 cell line. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2019; 102:e21617. [PMID: 31512283 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata is one of the most important insect pest species in the world. It has a high colonization capacity and population variety, giving it considerable genetic diversity. Strategies for its control have included the sterile insect technique and insect growth regulators. Many studies have analyzed the medfly transcriptome, and along with the medfly genome sequence, the sequences of multiple genes related to sex determination, mating, development, pheromone detection, immunity, or stress have been identified. In this study, the medfly CCE/CC128 cell line was used to assess cell growth variation and changes in the expression of genes covering different functions, after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and juvenile hormone III (JHIII) treatments. No significant effects on cell growth and gene expression were observed in the cells treated with LPS. In the cells treated with JHIII, the results showed significant effects on cell growth, and an overexpression was found of the Shade gene, one of the Halloween gene members of the cytochrome p450 family, which is involved in development and the synthesis of 20-hydroxyecdysone. This study shows preliminary results on the insect cell line in combination with whole-genome sequencing, which can facilitate studies regarding growth, toxicity, immunity, and transcriptome regulations as a response to different compounds and environmental alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés García-Reina
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Galián
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Veterinary, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Baser N, Lo Verde G, Kaçar G, Lamaj F, Verrastro V, Lombardo A, Tortorici F, Caleca V. Influence of Distance from the Host on Parasitisation by Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Insects 2019; 10:insects10100316. [PMID: 31557863 PMCID: PMC6835657 DOI: 10.3390/insects10100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, is considered the main olive pest worldwide, and has been the target of biological control programmes through the release of the braconid parasitoid Psyttalia concolor. Laboratory tests were performed to evaluate the influence of distance from the host on parasitisation, placing larvae of the substitute host Ceratitis capitata at seven distances (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 mm) and four different time periods (7, 15, 30, 60 min). Moreover, field collected olives of Ogliarola Barese cultivar infested by B. oleae were exposed to P. concolor females to confirm its ability to parasitise B. oleae in small olives. Psyttalia concolor oviposition was inhibited at 2.5 and 3 mm due to the ovipositor length of the parasitoid females (2.7 mm). Hosts were easily parasitised at distances between 0 and 1.5 mm. The thin fruit pulp (up to 3.5 mm) of field collected olives allowed the parasitisation to occur also in mature fruits. At the best combination distance/time (0 mm, 30 min), tests performed with different larvae/parasitoid female ratio showed an increasing emergence of P. concolor (from 20% to 57%) with larvae/parasitoid ratio increasing from 0.11 to 0.74. The results of the present study might optimise the mass rearing of P. concolor, through a proper setting of its parameters, such as the host/parasitoid ratio, exposure distances, and interaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Baser
- CIHEAM-IAMB-International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, 70010 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Lo Verde
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gülay Kaçar
- Natural Science Faculty Gölköy, Bolu Abant Baysal University Agricultural, 14280 Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Flutura Lamaj
- CIHEAM-IAMB-International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, 70010 Bari, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Verrastro
- CIHEAM-IAMB-International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies, 70010 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alberto Lombardo
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Tortorici
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Virgilio Caleca
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Falchetto M, Ciossani G, Scolari F, Di Cosimo A, Nenci S, Field LM, Mattevi A, Zhou JJ, Gasperi G, Forneris F. Structural and biochemical evaluation of Ceratitis capitata odorant-binding protein 22 affinity for odorants involved in intersex communication. Insect Mol Biol 2019; 28:431-443. [PMID: 30548711 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In insects, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) connect the peripheral sensory system to receptors of olfactory organs. Medfly Ceratitis capitata CcapObp22 shows 37% identity and close phylogenetic affinities with Drosophila melanogaster OBP69a/pheromone-binding protein related protein 1. The CcapObp22 gene is transcribed in the antennae and maxillary palps, suggesting an active role in olfaction. Here, we recombinantly produced CcapObp22, obtaining a 13.5 kDa protein capable of binding multiple strongly hydrophobic terpene compounds, including medfly male pheromone components. The highest binding affinity [half maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 0.48 µM] was to (E,E)-α-farnesene, one of the most abundant compounds in the male pheromone blend. This odorant was used in cocrystallization experiments, yielding the structure of CcapOBP22. The monomeric structure shows the typical OBP folding, constituted by six α-helical elements interconnected by three disulphide bridges. A C-terminal seventh α-helix constitutes the wall of a deep, L-shaped hydrophobic cavity. Analysis of the electron density in this cavity suggested trapping of farnesene in the crystal structure, although with partial occupancy. Superposition of the CcapOBP22 structure with related seven-helical OBPs highlights striking similarity in the organization of the C-terminal segment of these proteins. Collectively, our molecular and physiological data on medfly CcapOBP22 suggest its involvement in intersex olfactory communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Falchetto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Ciossani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Scolari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Di Cosimo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Nenci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - L M Field
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - A Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - J-J Zhou
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - G Gasperi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Forneris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Candia IF, Bautista V, Larsson Herrera S, Walter A, Ortuño Castro N, Tasin M, Dekker T. Potential of locally sustainable food baits and traps against the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata in Bolivia. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:1671-1680. [PMID: 30506833 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-scale farmers often take a double hit from pests such as tephritid fruit-flies. The high price of products against fruit-flies, together with the higher risk of reinfestation from neighboring orchards, limits options for control. Therefore, management requires low-cost local products and concerted action. Peach production in central Bolivia is increasingly affected by invasive Ceratitis capitata. To provide locally sustainable techniques that could incentivize area-wide cooperation of growers, we tested efficiency and specificity of low-cost lures and traps compared with commercial lures and traps (Tephritrap). RESULTS In the laboratory, the local fermented beverage 'chicha' and baker's yeast were equally or more attractive than commercial lures. Both chicha and baker's yeast trapped more flies in field (average FTD 10.31 and 9.49), whereas commercially hydrolyzed protein lure (4.71) or Torula yeast (6.82). However, many non-target species were caught (57.3% and 53.4%). Of the six PET bottles-based traps used, the T-trap caught a similar number of flies (average FTD 5.55), but fewer beneficial insects (0.16) compared to the Tephritrap (0.92). CONCLUSIONS This study provides fruit growers with an economical and effective method to capture large numbers of C. capitata, suitable to be part of integrated pest management programs for fruit fly control. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilich Figueroa Candia
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Laboratorio de Entomología - Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y Forestales, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Veronica Bautista
- Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Laboratorio de Entomología - Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y Forestales, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | | | - Abigail Walter
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Noel Ortuño Castro
- Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Laboratorio de Entomología - Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Pecuarias y Forestales, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Marco Tasin
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Teun Dekker
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Mura ME, Ruiu L. Sex-Specific Sub-Lethal Effects and Immune Response in Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) Challenged with Spinosad. Insects 2018; 9:insects9030073. [PMID: 29933642 PMCID: PMC6163605 DOI: 10.3390/insects9030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the insecticidal compound spinosad on the survival, reproduction, and immune functions of the Mediterranean fruit fly. The lethal and sub-lethal effects were determined on Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera: Tephritidae) challenged with different concentrations of spinosad. A median lethal concentration of 0.28 ppm was observed on flies feeding for 5 days on a treated diet. A significant and concentration-dependent decrease in fecundity, egg hatch rate, and lifespan was also detected in treated compared with control flies. Gene expression analyses conducted on treated insects by RT-qPCR revealed an immunomodulatory action of sub-lethal concentrations of spinosad. Target transcripts included several genes involved in medfly immunity and male or female reproductive functions. While a significant upregulation was detected in treated males a short time after spinosad ingestion, most target genes were downregulated in treated females. Our study confirmed the high toxicity of spinosad to C. capitata, highlighting an indirect effect on insect lifespan and reproductive performance at sub-lethal doses. In addition to defining the acute and sub-lethal toxicity of spinosad against the fly, this study provides new insights on the interaction of this compound with insect physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Mura
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Luca Ruiu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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20
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Sim SB, Ruiz-Arce R, Barr NB, Geib SM. A New Diagnostic Resource for Ceratitis capitata Strain Identification Based on QTL Mapping. G3 (Bethesda) 2017; 7:3637-47. [PMID: 28889103 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is a destructive agricultural pest and the subject of exclusion efforts in many countries. Suppression and eradication of invasive populations to prevent its establishment is facilitated by the release of sterile males using the sterile insect technique (SIT). In SIT release areas, it is critical to accurately discriminate between released sterile males and wild individuals to detect extremely rare invasive individuals in areas inundated with millions of sterile male flies. Current methods for discrimination exist but are not always definitive, and a more reliable method is necessary. To address this, we developed a genotyping assay that can be used to discriminate between sterile males from the SIT strain and wild individuals. This was achieved by identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to the maintained traits that facilitate male-only releases, white pupae (wp) and temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl), via QTL mapping. This resulted in the identification of one SNP that was in near-perfect linkage disequilibrium between genotype at this locus and the pupal color phenotype. Medfly from many SIT colonies and wild individuals from across its geographic range were genotyped for this locus, and results show its consistency in identifying SIT flies. In addition, linkage and QTL mapping of wp and tsl have larger impacts as they can serve as foundational tools to identify the genetic basis of traits that facilitate the separation of males from female flies, which can be used to develop SIT programs in related species.
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21
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Gazit Y, Kaspi R. An Additional Phytosanitary Cold Treatment Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 'Oroblanco' Citrus Fruit. J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:790-792. [PMID: 28087647 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tow291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For 'Oroblanco' ('Sweetie'), the sweet seedless pummelo-grapefruit hybrid, when exported from Israel to Japan, the standard cold treatment against Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is conducted at ≤ 1.5 °C, for 16 d. In recent years, the transportation means of exported citrus was changed from reefer vessels to individual refrigerated containers, where the fruit bulk is relatively small and may be exposed to temperature fluctuations and to the risk of chilling injuries. To reduce this risk, Israel proposed to Japan to increase the treatment temperature and extend its duration to 2.2 °C and 18 d, respectively. This study shows that the proposed treatment effectively kills the third instar larva of C. capitata, in Oroblanco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Gazit
- The "Israel Cohen" Institute for Biological Control, Plants Production and Marketing Board, Citrus Division, P.O. Box 235, Yehud-Monosson 5610102, Israel (; )
| | - Roy Kaspi
- The "Israel Cohen" Institute for Biological Control, Plants Production and Marketing Board, Citrus Division, P.O. Box 235, Yehud-Monosson 5610102, Israel (; )
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22
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Pimentel R, Lopes DJH, Mexia AMM, Mumford JD. Seasonality of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Terceira and Sao Jorge Islands, Azores, Portugal. J Insect Sci 2017; 17:1. [PMID: 28082349 PMCID: PMC5228456 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iew097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Population dynamics studies are very important for any area-wide control program as they provide detailed knowledge about the relationship of Medfly [Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)] life cycle with host availability and abundance. The main goal of this study is to analyse seasonality of C. capitata in Terceira and Sao Jorge Islands (Azores archipelago) using field and laboratory data collected during (2010-2014) CABMEDMAC (MAC/3/A163) project. The results from Sao Jorge Island indicate significantly lower male/female ratio than on Terceira Island. This is an important finding specially regarding when stablishing the scenario parameters for a sterile insect technique application in each island. The population dynamics of C. capitata are generally linked with host fruit availability and abundance. However, on Terceira Island fruit infestation levels are not synchronized with the trap counts. For example, there was Medfly infestations in some fruits [e.g., Solanum mauritianum (Scop.)] while in the nearby traps there were no captures at the same time. From this perspective, it is important to denote the importance of wild invasive plants, on the population dynamics of C. capitata, as well important to consider the possibility of having different densities of traps according to the characteristics of each area in order to improve the network of traps surveillance's sensitivity on Terceira Island.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pimentel
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA, CITA-A) and Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores 9700-042, Portugal
| | - D J H Lopes
- Azorean Biodiversity Group (GBA, CITA-A) and Platform for Enhancing Ecological Research and Sustainability (PEERS), Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores 9700-042, Portugal
| | - A M M Mexia
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda
| | - J D Mumford
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Dube ZP, Mashela PW, Mathabatha RV. Mediterranean fruit fly on Mimusops zeyheri indigenous to South Africa: a threat to the horticulture industry. Pest Manag Sci 2016; 72:1517-1520. [PMID: 26515133 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Claims abound that the Transvaal red milkwood, Mimusops zeyheri, indigenous to areas with tropical and subtropical commercial fruit trees and fruiting vegetables in South Africa, is relatively pest free owing to its copious concentrations of latex in the above-ground organs. On account of observed fruit fly damage symptoms, a study was conducted to determine whether M. zeyheri was a host to the notorious quarantined Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata). RESULTS Fruit samples were kept for 16-21 days in plastic pots containing moist steam-pasteurised growing medium with tops covered with a mesh sheath capable of retaining emerging flies. Microscopic diagnosis of the trapped flies suggested that the morphological characteristics were congruent with those of C. capitata, which was confirmed through cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene sequence alignment with a 100% bootstrap value and 99% confidence probability when compared with those from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that M. zeyheri is a host of C. capitata. Therefore, C. capitata from infestation reservoirs of M. zeyheri fruit trees could be a major threat to the tropical and subtropical fruit industries in South Africa owing to the fruit-bearing nature of the new host. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakheleni P Dube
- Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Phatu W Mashela
- Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Raesibe V Mathabatha
- Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
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24
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Parubrub A, Reyes R, Smallridge CJ, Woods B, Haymer D. Mitochondrial Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Can Distinguish Sterile, Released Flies from Wild Flies in Various Regions of the World. J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:301-306. [PMID: 26470134 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tou027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In areas infested with pest species such as the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), many programs rely heavily on the sterile insect technique (SIT) as a form of biological control. However, when SIT treatments are used both for control of established infestations and for occasional outbreaks, for several reasons, programs are often unable to adequately quantify the success of this approach. Chief among these are difficulties associated with reliably and rapidly determining the strain of origin of males recaptured during and after the SIT program. In this study, we describe the use of a DNA-based marker that can be used to rapidly and reliably distinguish males originating from the two sterile strains that are most widely used in SIT rearing facilities from males originating from wild strains of various regions of the world. This method uses polymerase chain reaction amplification of material from individual specimens to directly analyze DNA sequence variants found within a portion of the mitochondrial ND4 subunit 4 (ND4) gene to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are diagnostic of different strains. Specifically, the SNPs described here reliably distinguish individual flies originating from the Vienna 7 and Vienna 8 strains used for sterile release from wild flies infesting various areas including Western Australia, Guatemala, and Hawaii. The availability of such markers for determination of the strain of origin of specimens, either from whole specimens or body parts (including their sperm), has great potential to improve the ability to monitor and quantify the success of any sterile release program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Parubrub
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu HI 96822
| | - Ruel Reyes
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu HI 96822
| | - Catherine J Smallridge
- Sustainable Systems, Entomology, South Australian Research and Development Institute, GPO Box 367, Adelaide, Australia 5001
| | - Bill Woods
- Department of Agriculture and Food, 3 Baron-Hay Court South Perth WA 6151, Western Australia
| | - David Haymer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu HI 96822.
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25
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Leftwich PT, Koukidou M, Rempoulakis P, Gong HF, Zacharopoulou A, Fu G, Chapman T, Economopoulos A, Vontas J, Alphey L. Genetic elimination of field-cage populations of Mediterranean fruit flies. Proc Biol Sci 2014; 281:20141372. [PMID: 25122230 PMCID: PMC4150327 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann) is a pest of over 300 fruits, vegetables and nuts. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a control measure used to reduce the reproductive potential of populations through the mass release of sterilized male insects that mate with wild females. However, SIT flies can display poor field performance, due to the effects of mass-rearing and of the irradiation process used for sterilization. The development of female-lethal RIDL (release of insects carrying a dominant lethal) strains for medfly can overcome many of the problems of SIT associated with irradiation. Here, we present life-history characterizations for two medfly RIDL strains, OX3864A and OX3647Q. Our results show (i) full functionality of RIDL, (ii) equivalency of RIDL and wild-type strains for life-history characteristics, and (iii) a high level of sexual competitiveness against both wild-type and wild-derived males. We also present the first proof-of-principle experiment on the use of RIDL to eliminate medfly populations. Weekly releases of OX3864A males into stable populations of wild-type medfly caused a successive decline in numbers, leading to eradication. The results show that genetic control can provide an effective alternative to SIT for the control of pest insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T Leftwich
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Martha Koukidou
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK
| | - Polychronis Rempoulakis
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK Faculty of Biotechnology and Applied Biology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Hong-Fei Gong
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK
| | - Antigoni Zacharopoulou
- Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Guoliang Fu
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Aris Economopoulos
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Applied Biology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Applied Biology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Luke Alphey
- Oxitec Limited, 71 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Oxford OX14 4RQ, UK Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking GU24 0NF, UK
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26
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Harwood JF, Vargas RI, Carey JR. Leg impairment magnifies reproductive costs in male Mediterranean fruit flies , Ceratitis capitata. Entomol Exp Appl 2013; 147:73-81. [PMID: 23525182 PMCID: PMC3601803 DOI: 10.1111/eea.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Injuries frequently accumulate with age in nature. Despite the commonality of injury and the resulting impairment, there are limited experimental data for the effects of impairment on life history trade-offs between reproduction and survival in insects. We tested the effects of artificial injury and the resulting impairment on the reproductive costs and behavior of male medflies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Treatment flies were impaired by amputating tarsomere segments 2-5 from the right foreleg at either eclosion or age 22 days. The effect of impairment and age on the cost of reproduction was tested by varying the timing of female availability among the treatments. Courtship behavior and copulation rates were observed hourly from age 2-5 days to determine the effects of impairment on reproductive behavior. Female access combined with the impairment reduced the life expectancy of males more than the impairment alone, whereas the health effect of amputation was influenced by age. Conversely, the risk of death due to impairment was not influenced by the males' mating status prior to amputation. The males' copulation success was reduced due to impairment, whereas courtship behavior was not affected. Impairment does not reduce the males' impulse to mate but decreases the females' receptivity to copulation, while also increasing the cost of each successful mating. Overall, minor impairment lowers the reproductive success of males and reduces longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Harwood
- University of California, Davis, Department of Entomology, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - James R. Carey
- University of California, Davis, Department of Entomology, Davis, CA, USA
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Harwood JF, Chen K, Müller HG, Wang JL, Vargas RI, Carey JR. Effects of diet and host access on fecundity and lifespan in two fruit fly species with different life history patterns. Physiol Entomol 2013; 38:81-88. [PMID: 23483775 PMCID: PMC3589575 DOI: 10.1111/phen.12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive ability of female tephritids can be limited and prevented by denying access to host plants and restricting the dietary precursors of vitellogenesis. The mechanisms underlying the delayed egg production in each case are initiated by different physiological processes that are anticipated to have dissimilar effects on lifespan and reproductive ability later in life. The egg laying abilities of laboratory reared females of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedmann) and melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett) from Hawaii are delayed or suppressed by limiting access to host fruits and dietary protein. In each case, this is expected to prevent the loss of lifespan associated with reproduction until protein or hosts are introduced. Two trends are observed in each species: Firstly, access to protein at eclosion leads to a greater probability of survival and higher reproductive ability than if it is delayed, and secondly, that delayed host access reduces lifetime reproductive ability without improving life expectancy. When host access and protein availability are delayed, the rate of reproductive senescence is reduced in the medfly, whereas the rate of reproductive senescence is generally increased in the melon fly. Overall, delaying reproduction lowers the fitness of females by constraining their fecundity for the remainder of the lifespan without extending the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F. Harwood
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Kehui Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Hans-Georg Müller
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | - Jane-Ling Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
| | | | - James R. Carey
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, U.S.A
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Ricalde MP, Nava DE, Loeck AE, Donatti MG. Temperature-dependent development and survival of Brazilian populations of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, from tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. J Insect Sci 2012; 12:33. [PMID: 22963468 PMCID: PMC3471798 DOI: 10.1673/031.012.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the principal exotic pests affecting Brazilian production in the northeastern and southeastern regions of Brazil. In the south, it is has potential as a serious threat to temperate-climate fruit farms, since it is already found in urban and suburban communities in this region. We studied the biological characteristics of C. capitata populations from Pelotas-RS (temperate climate), Petrolina-PE (tropical), and Campinas-SP (subtropical). Ceratitis capitata biology was studied under controlled temperature (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 ± 1 °C), 70 ± 10% RH, and 14:10 L:D photoperiod. The duration and survival rate of the egg, larval, and pupal stages were evaluated and the thermal requirements of these three populations were determined. The duration and survival of these developmental stages varied with temperature, with similar values for the three populations, except for some variation in the egg phase. Egg to adult developmental time for all three populations was inversely proportional to temperature; from 15 to 30 °C developmental time varied from 71.2 to 17.1, 70.2 to 17.1, and 68.5 to 16.9 days, respectively. Survival during development was affected at 15 to 30 °C, and differed significantly from survival at 20 to 25 °C. At 35 °C, immature stages did not develop. The basal temperature and degree-day requirement were similar for all immature stages except for the egg stage. The basal temperatures and thermal constants were 9.30 and 350, 8.47 and 341, and 9.60 °C and 328 degree-days for the Pelotas, Petrolina, and Campinas populations, respectively. Results suggested that survival and thermal requirements are similar for these tropical, subtropical, and temperate populations of C. capitata, and demonstrate the species' capacity to adapt to different climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo P Ricalde
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, FAEM/UFPel, Cx. Postal 354, 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
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Papanastasiou SA, Diamantidis AD, Nakas CT, Carey JR, Papadopoulos NT. Dual reproductive cost of aging in male Medflies: dramatic decrease in mating competitiveness and gradual reduction in mating performance. J Insect Physiol 2011; 57:1368-74. [PMID: 21801728 PMCID: PMC3170434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Although age-based effects on the reproductive success of males have been reported in several animal taxa the cost of aging on male mating success in lekking species has not been fully explored. We used the Mediterranean fruit fly, a lekking species, to investigate possible cost of aging on male reproductive success. We performed no choice and choice mating tests to test the hypothesis that aging does not affect the mating performance (mating success in conditions lacking competition) or the mating competitiveness (mating success against younger rivals) of males. The mating probability of older males decreased significantly when competing with younger males. Aging gradually reduced the mating performance of males but older males were still accepted as mating partners in conditions lacking competition. Therefore, older males are capable of performing the complete repertoire of sexual performance but fail to be chosen by females in the presence of young rivals. Older males achieved shorter copulations than younger ones, and female readiness to mate was negatively affected by male age. Older and younger males transferred similar amount of spermatozoids to female spermathecae. Females stored spermatozoids asymmetrically in the two spermathecae regardless the age of their mating partner. Aging positively affected the amount of spermatozoids in testes of both mated and nonmated males. No significant differences were observed on the amount of spermatozoids between mated and nonmated males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Street, N. Ionia 384 46 Magnisias, Greece, tel ++30 24210 93285, fax ++30 24210 93285,
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30
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Kouloussis NA, Papadopoulos NT, Katsoyannos BI, Müller HG, Wang JL, Su YR, Molleman F, Carey JR. Seasonal trends in Ceratitis capitata reproductive potential derived from live-caught females in Greece. Entomol Exp Appl 2011; 140:181-188. [PMID: 22791908 PMCID: PMC3393522 DOI: 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01154.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive data of individual insects are extremely hard to collect under natural conditions, thus the study of research questions related to oviposition has not advanced. Patterns of oviposition are often inferred only indirectly, through monitoring of host infestation, whereas the influence of age structure and several other factors on oviposition remains unknown. Using a new approach, in this article, we live-trapped wild Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) females on the Greek island of Chios during two field seasons. For their remaining lifetime, these females were placed individually in small cages and their daily oviposition was monitored. Reproduction rates between cohorts from different collection dates were then compared. The results showed that in the different captive cohorts the average remaining lifetime and reproduction were highly variable within and between seasons. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the month of capture had a significant effect on captive life span, average daily reproduction, and patterns of egg laying. The effect of year was significant on reproduction, but not on captive life span. These differences between sampling periods probably reflect differences in the availability of hosts and other factors that vary during the season and affect age structure and reproduction. Using a non-parametric generalized additive model, we found a statistically significant correlation between the captive life span and the average daily reproduction. These findings and the experimental approach have several important implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos A. Kouloussis
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou St. 384 36 N. Ionia (Volos), Greece
| | - Byron I. Katsoyannos
- Laboratory of Applied Zoology and Parasitology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hans-Georg Müller
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jane-Ling Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Yu-Ru Su
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Freerk Molleman
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - James R. Carey
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Center for the Economics and Demography of Aging, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Carey JR, Liedo P, Müller HG, Wang JL, Senturk D, Harshman L. Biodemography of a long-lived tephritid: reproduction and longevity in a large cohort of female Mexican fruit flies, Anastrepha ludens. Exp Gerontol 2005; 40:793-800. [PMID: 16154309 PMCID: PMC2441917 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2005.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2005] [Revised: 06/24/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Age of sexual maturity, daily and lifetime reproductive rates, and life span were recorded in a laboratory cohort of Mexican fruit flies consisting of over 1100 females maintained individually. The results revealed that, relative to the medfly, the Mexfly is slower maturing (14 vs 17 days), more fecund (1400 vs 650-1100 eggs/female), and longer lived (50 vs 35 days). The results reinforced the generality of several earlier findings on the medfly including the deceleration of mortality at older ages and the weakness of the correlation between the rate of egg laying at early ages and both subsequent reproduction and remaining longevity. Discussion includes perspectives on the role of artificial selection in shaping the demographic traits of the mass-reared strain of Mexfly used in this study, as well as the overall significance of large scale biodemographic studies in understanding aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Carey
- Department of Entomology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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