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Colello R, Baigorri M, Del Canto F, González J, Rogé A, van der Ploeg C, Sánchez Chopa F, Sparo M, Etcheverría A, Padola NL. Occurrence and genetic characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli on bovine and pork carcasses and the environment from transport trucks. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:174. [PMID: 37115263 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens causing severe diseases. The ability of STEC to produce disease is associated with Shiga toxin (Stx) production. We investigated the occurrence of STEC on bovine and pork carcasses and walls of trucks where they were transported, and we characterized virulence genes and serotypes of STEC strains. We compared the whole genomic sequencing of a STEC O157:H7 strain isolated from a bovine carcass in this work and a STEC O157:H7 strain isolated from a child with HUS, both isolated in 2019. We studied the relationship between these isolates and others collected in the database. The results show a 40% of STEC and two different serogroups were identified (O130 and O157). STEC O157:H7 were isolated from bovine carcasses and harbored stx2, eae, ehxA, katP, espP, stcE, ECSP_0242/1773/2687/2870/2872/3286/3620 and were classified as lineage I/II. In STEC non-O157 isolates, three isolates were isolated from bovine carcasses and harbored the serogroup O130 and one strain isolated from pork carcasses was O-non-typeable. All STEC non-O157 harbored sxt1 gene. The analysis from the whole genome showed that both STEC O157:H7 strains belonged to the hypervirulent clade 8, ST11, phylogroup E, carried the allele tir 255 T > A T, and they were not clonal. The analysis of information allows us to conclude that the STEC strains circulate in pork and bovine carcasses arriving in transport. This situation represents a risk for the consumers and the need to implement an integrated STEC control in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Colello
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA- CICPBA- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Manuela Baigorri
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Felipe Del Canto
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juliana González
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA- CICPBA- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Rogé
- Servicio Antígenos y Antisueros, Instituto Nacional de Producción de Biológicos, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia van der Ploeg
- Servicio Antígenos y Antisueros, Instituto Nacional de Producción de Biológicos, Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Sánchez Chopa
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA- CICPBA- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Sparo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Ramón Santamarina, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Etcheverría
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA- CICPBA- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nora Lía Padola
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), UNCPBA- CICPBA- CONICET, Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Oprea M, Ciontea AS, Militaru M, Dinu S, Cristea D, Usein CR. Molecular Typing of Escherichia coli O157 Isolates from Romanian Human Cases. Jpn J Infect Dis 2018; 71:455-461. [PMID: 30068889 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2018.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) of serogroup O157 are among the most important causes of severe cases of foodborne disease and outbreaks worldwide. As little is known about the characteristic of these strains in Romania, we aimed to provide reference information on the virulence gene content, phylogenetic background, and genetic diversity of 7 autochthonous O157 strains collected during 2016 and 2017 from epidemiologically non-related cases. These strains were typed by a combination of phenotypic and molecular methods routinely used by the national reference laboratory. Additionally, 4 of them were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and public web-based tools were used to extract information on virulence gene profiles, multilocus sequence types (MLST), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogenetic relatedness. Molecular typing provided evidence of the circulation of a polyclonal population while distinguishing a cluster of non-sorbitol-fermenting, glucuronidase-negative, phylogenetic group E, MLST 1804 strains, representing lineage II and clade 7, which harbored vtx2c, eae-gamma, and ehxA genes. A good correlation between the routine typing methods and WGS data was observed. However, SNP-based genotyping provided a higher resolution in depicting the relationships between the O157:H7 strains than that provided by Pulse-field gel electrophoresis. This study should be a catalyst for improved laboratory-based surveillance of autochthonous VTEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Oprea
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development.,The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest
| | | | - Mădălina Militaru
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development
| | - Sorin Dinu
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development
| | - Daniela Cristea
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development
| | - Codruţa-Romaniţa Usein
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
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Pianciola L, Rivas M. Genotypic Features of Clinical and Bovine Escherichia coli O157 Strains Isolated in Countries with Different Associated-Disease Incidences. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6020036. [PMID: 29702577 PMCID: PMC6027531 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is great geographical variation in the frequency of Escherichia coli O157 infections that correlates with important differences in the bovine reservoir of each country. Our group carried out a broad molecular characterization of human and bovine E. coli O157 strains circulating in Argentina using different methodologies. Our data allows us to conclude that in Argentina, a high homogeneity is observed in both cattle and human strains, with almost exclusive circulation of strains belonging to the hypervirulent clade 8 described by Manning. The aim of this review was to compare the genetic background of E. coli O157 strains isolated in countries that have conducted similar studies, to try to correlate specific O157 genotypes with the incidence and severity of E. coli O157 associated diseases. The characteristics of the strains that cause disease in humans reflect the predominant genotypes in cattle in each of the countries analyzed. The main features clearly linked to high incidence or severity of E. coli O157 infections are lineage-specific polymorphism assay-6 lineage I/II, clade 8 strains and probably, clade 6 strains, the stx2a/stx2c genotype, the presence of q933 and q21 simultaneously, and putative virulence factor EC_3286. In countries with an absence of these features in O157 strains, the overall incidence of O157 disease is low. Argentina, where these characteristics are detected in most strains, shows the highest incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Pianciola
- Laboratorio Central, Subsecretaría de Salud de Neuquén, Gregorio Martínez 65, Neuquén 8300, Argentina.
| | - Marta Rivas
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, INEI-ANLIS "Carlos G. Malbrán", Av. Vélez Sarsfield 563, Buenos Aires 1281, Argentina.
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Tanaro JD, Pianciola LA, D'Astek BA, Piaggio MC, Mazzeo ML, Zolezzi G, Rivas M. Virulence profile of Escherichia coli O157 strains isolated from surface water in cattle breeding areas. Lett Appl Microbiol 2018; 66:484-490. [PMID: 29500840 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is a worldwide concern. Cattle are their main reservoir and may contaminate watercourses through manure. We characterized a collection of 38 STEC O157:H7 strains isolated from surface water in feedlots areas (puddles inside pens formed after the rainfall or by spill around drinking troughs, and small water courses and lagoons, formed by runoff). Nineteen (50·0%) strains harboured stx2a /stx2c genes, 18 (47·4%) stx2c and one stx1a /stx2c . All strains harboured eae, ehxA, rfbO157 and fliCH7 genes, and the putative virulence determinants ECSP_0242, ECSP_2687 and ECSP_3620. All isolates tested as Lineage I/II by lineage-specific polymorphism assay-6. Nineteen (50%) belonged to the high virulent clade 8. The q21 allele was found in all strains and q933 /q21 alleles in 17 (44·7%). By XbaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 29 strains were grouped into seven clusters. Four clusters grouped isolates from distant places separated by 150-250 km. This may be related to vectors, like birds, involved in their spread. Otherwise, three clusters contained isolates recovered at same places with intervals of 1-9 months. This could be explained by the high environmental persistence of STEC O157:H7. These strains recovered from surface water showed similar genotypes to those found in the bovine reservoir and in human diseases, and could be linked to the high incidence of haemolytic uremic syndrome in Argentina. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The challenge for the growing global demand for food is to find sustained production strategies without collateral effects. Intensive livestock operations generate large volumes of manure that can contaminate a finite resource, the water. This study shows how water contaminated by confined feeding operations can transport dangerous pathogens and warns to pay more attention to control and sanitation systems to prevent this type of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Tanaro
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad De Bromatología, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Gualeguaychú, Argentina
| | - L A Pianciola
- Laboratorio Central, Subsecretaría de Salud de Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - B A D'Astek
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Piaggio
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad De Bromatología, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Gualeguaychú, Argentina
| | - M L Mazzeo
- Laboratorio Central, Subsecretaría de Salud de Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - G Zolezzi
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Rivas
- Servicio Fisiopatogenia, Departamento Bacteriología, INEI-ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Elhadidy M, Álvarez-Ordóñez A. Diversity of Survival Patterns among Escherichia coli O157:H7 Genotypes Subjected to Food-Related Stress Conditions. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:322. [PMID: 27014242 PMCID: PMC4791531 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the resistance patterns to food-related stresses of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains belonging to specific genotypes. A total of 33 E. coli O157:H7 strains were exposed to seven different stress conditions acting as potential selective pressures affecting the transmission of E. coli O157:H7 to humans through the food chain. These stress conditions included cold, oxidative, osmotic, acid, heat, freeze-thaw, and starvation stresses. The genotypes used for comparison included lineage-specific polymorphism, Shiga-toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion sites, clade type, tir (A255T) polymorphism, Shiga toxin 2 subtype, and antiterminator Q gene allele. Bacterial resistance to different stressors was calculated by determining D-values (times required for inactivation of 90% of the bacterial population), which were then subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. In addition, a relative stress resistance value, integrating resistance values to all tested stressors, was calculated for each bacterial strain and allowed for a ranking-type classification of E. coli O157:H7 strains according to their environmental robustness. Lineage I/II strains were found to be significantly more resistant to acid, cold, and starvation stress than lineage II strains. Similarly, tir (255T) and clade 8 encoding strains were significantly more resistant to acid, heat, cold, and starvation stress than tir (255A) and non-clade 8 strains. Principal component analysis, which allows grouping of strains with similar stress survival characteristics, separated strains of lineage I and I/II from strains of lineage II, which in general showed reduced survival abilities. Results obtained suggest that lineage I/II, tir (255T), and clade 8 strains, which have been previously reported to be more frequently associated with human disease cases, have greater multiple stress resistance than strains of other genotypes. The results from this study provide a better insight into how selective pressures encountered through the food chain may play a role in the epidemiology of STEC O157:H7 through controlling the transmission of highly adapted strains to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elhadidy
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University Mansoura, Egypt
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Elhadidy M, Elkhatib WF, Piérard D, De Reu K, Heyndrickx M. Model-based clustering of Escherichia coli O157:H7 genotypes and their potential association with clinical outcome in human infections. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2015. [PMID: 26219492 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study addresses the potential association of Escherichia coli O157:H7 genetic clusters with severe clinical manifestations in humans. The genotypes used in this model-based clustering had been delineated on the basis of lineage-specific polymorphism assay, Shiga toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion site assay, clade typing, tir (A255T) polymorphism, variant analysis of Shiga toxin 2 gene, and antiterminator Q genes. Based on this model, the distribution of genotypes among tested strains suggested the presence of 6 main genetic clusters of E. coli O157:H7 strains. Clusters 1 and 3 were observed to be more frequent among E. coli O157:H7 strains isolated from bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome, respectively. Consequently, our findings supported the growing evidence of the existence of distinct genotypes of E. coli O157:H7 that differ in their virulence levels to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Elhadidy
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Walid F Elkhatib
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St. Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, Kittrell Hall Hampton, VA 23668, USA
| | - Denis Piérard
- Department of Microbiology, Belgian STEC/VTEC National Reference Centre for Human Microbiology, University Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan, Belgium
| | - Koen De Reu
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle 9090, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Technology and Food Science Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle 9090, Belgium; Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
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