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Levit M, Finn T, Sachadava S, Matsumura S, Shah J, Cantos A, Yin MT, Wadhwa S. Menopause-Associated Changes in Mandibular Bone Microarchitecture Are Site-Specific. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 82:485-493. [PMID: 38341183 PMCID: PMC11010363 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are conflicting reports on the effects of decreased estrogen levels on mandibular bone microarchitecture. Whether these effects are consistent throughout the mandible is unclear and may have important implications for treatment planning. PURPOSE The goal of this study was to evaluate trabecular and cortical bone microstructure in the mandibular condyle and the mandibular basal bone and compare these sites between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE Participants were recruited for a cross-sectional cohort study at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. Each participant had cone-beam computed tomography taken of their mandibular condyles and the basal bone. Exclusion criteria for the population included a) current chemotherapy or immunotherapy; b) history of bisphosphonate or other osteoporosis therapy; and c) currently pregnant, nursing, or on hormonal birth control. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The predictor variables are menopausal status (before or after menopause) and mandibular region of interest (condyle/basal bone). MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE Parameters of interest included the following indicators of bone quality: trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation, cortical bone volume fraction, cortical thickness, and cortical porosity. COVARIATES Covariates included demographic variables such as age, estrogen levels, and ethnicity. ANALYSES Quantitative microstructure analyses were conducted on cone-beam computed tomography images, and differences between groups for continuous measures (including age) were assessed with an unpaired t-test, and demographic variables were assessed by χ2. Statistical significance was recorded at P < .05. RESULTS The premenopausal and postmenopausal groups each had 31 participants, with the following average age: premenopausal = 43.9 ± 6.9 versus postmenopausal = 57.5 ± 7.6 years old; P < .001, and estrogen levels: premenopausal = 91.77 ± 80.13 pg/ml versus postmenopausal = 41.44 ± 61.62 pg/ml; P < .01). Postmenopausal women had significantly greater condylar trabecular separation (0.61 ± 0.18 vs 0.47 ± 0.11 mm; P < .001) and lower trabecular number (1.03 ± 0.18 vs 1.21 ± 0.19 mm-1; P < .001) compared to premenopausal women. There were no significant differences in the basal bone microarchitectural parameters between the menopausal groups. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Menopause is associated with mandibular condylar trabecular bone loss but has minimal effects on the mandibular basal bone. This may have important ramifications for treatment planning in advanced-age individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Levit
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Taylor Finn
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sanam Sachadava
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Satoko Matsumura
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jayesh Shah
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Anyelina Cantos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Michael T Yin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Sunil Wadhwa
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
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He X, Chen Z, Gao Y, Wang W, You M. Reproducibility and location-stability of radiomic features derived from cone-beam computed tomography: a phantom study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230180. [PMID: 37664997 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to determine the reproducibility and location-stability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiomic features. METHODS Centrifugal tubes with six concentrations of K2HPO4 solutions (50, 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg ml-1) were imaged within a customized phantom. For each concentration, images were captured twice as test and retest sets. Totally, 69 radiomic features were extracted by LIFEx. The reproducibility was assessed between the test and retest sets. We used the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) to screen qualified features and then compared the differences in the numbers of them under 24 series (four locations groups * six concentrations). The location-stability was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test under different concentration sets; likewise, the numbers of qualified features under six test sets were analyzed. RESULTS There were 20 and 23 qualified features in the reproducibility and location-stability experiments, respectively. In the reproducibility experiment, the performance of the peripheral groups and high-concentration sets was significantly better than the center groups and low-concentration sets. The effect of concentration on the location-stability of features was not monotonic, and the number of qualified features in the low-concentration sets was greater than that in the high-concentration sets. No features were qualified in both experiments. CONCLUSIONS The density and location of the target object can affect the number of reproducible radiomic features, and its density can also affect the number of location-stable radiomic features. The problem of feature reliability should be treated cautiously in radiomic research on CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- School of Communication and Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutao Gao
- School of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjing Wang
- Faculty of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng You
- Department of Oral Medical Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Górski K, Borowska M, Turek B, Pawlikowski M, Jankowski K, Bereznowski A, Polkowska I, Domino M. An application of the density standard and scaled-pixel-counting protocol to assess the radiodensity of equine incisor teeth affected by resorption and hypercementosis: preliminary advancement in dental radiography. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:116. [PMID: 37559089 PMCID: PMC10413604 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH) syndrome is a dental disease where the radiographic signs may be quantified using radiographic texture features. This study aimed to implement the scaled-pixel-counting protocol to quantify and compare the image structure of teeth and the density standard in order to improve the identification of the radiographic signs of tooth resorption and hypercementosis using the EOTRH syndrome model. METHODS AND RESULTS A detailed examination of the oral cavity was performed in 80 horses and maxillary incisor teeth were evaluated radiographically, including an assessment of the density standard. On each of the radiographs, pixel brightness (PB) was extracted for each of the ten steps of the density standard (S1-S10). Then, each evaluated incisor tooth was assigned to one of 0-3 EOTRH grade-related groups and annotated using region of interest (ROI). For each ROI, the number of pixels (NP) from each range was calculated. The linear relation between an original X-ray beam attenuation and PB was confirmed for the density standard. The NP values increased with the number of steps of the density standard as well as with EOTRH degrees. Similar accuracy of the EOTRH grade differentiation was noted for data pairs EOTRH 0-3 and EOTRH 0-1, allowing for the differentiation of both late and early radiographic signs of EOTRH. CONCLUSION The scaled-pixel-counting protocol based on the use of density standard has been successfully implemented for the differentiation of radiographic signs of EOTRH degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Górski
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS - SGGW), Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Borowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bernard Turek
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS - SGGW), Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Pawlikowski
- Institute of Mechanics and Printing, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jankowski
- Institute of Mechanics and Printing, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Bereznowski
- Division of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Polkowska
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 30, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Domino
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS - SGGW), Nowoursynowska 100, 02-797, Warsaw, Poland.
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Park CS, Kang SR, Kim JE, Huh KH, Lee SS, Heo MS, Han JJ, Yi WJ. Validation of bone mineral density measurement using quantitative CBCT image based on deep learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11921. [PMID: 37488135 PMCID: PMC10366160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38943-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is a direct method of estimating human bone mass for diagnosing osteoporosis, and performed to objectively evaluate bone quality before implant surgery in dental clinics. The objective of this study was to validate the accuracy and reliability of BMD measurements made using quantitative cone-beam CT (CBCT) image based on deep learning by applying the method to clinical data from actual patients. Datasets containing 7500 pairs of CT and CBCT axial slice images from 30 patients were used to train a previously developed deep-learning model (QCBCT-NET). We selected 36 volumes of interest in the CBCT images for each patient in the bone regions of potential implants sites on the maxilla and mandible. We compared the BMDs shown in the quantitative CBCT (QCBCT) images with those in the conventional CBCT (CAL_CBCT) images at the various bone sites of interest across the entire field of view (FOV) using the performance metrics of the MAE, RMSE, MAPE (mean absolute percentage error), R2 (coefficient of determination), and SEE (standard error of estimation). Compared with the ground truth (QCT) images, the accuracy of the BMD measurements from the QCBCT images showed an RMSE of 83.41 mg/cm3, MAE of 67.94 mg/cm3, and MAPE of 8.32% across all the bone sites of interest, whereas for the CAL_CBCT images, those values were 491.15 mg/cm3, 460.52 mg/cm3, and 54.29%, respectively. The linear regression between the QCBCT and QCT images showed a slope of 1.00 and a R2 of 0.85, whereas for the CAL_CBCT images, those values were 0.32 and 0.24, respectively. The overall SEE between the QCBCT images and QCT images was 81.06 mg/cm3, whereas the SEE for the CAL_CBCT images was 109.32 mg/cm3. The QCBCT images thus showed better accuracy, linearity, and uniformity than the CAL_CBCT images across the entire FOV. The BMD measurements from the quantitative CBCT images showed high accuracy, linearity, and uniformity regardless of the relative geometric positions of the bone in the potential implant site. When applied to actual patient CBCT images, the CBCT-based quantitative BMD measurement based on deep learning demonstrated high accuracy and reliability across the entire FOV.
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Grants
- Project Number: 1711174552, KMDF_PR_20200901_0147 Korea Medical Device Development Fund Grant funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
- Project Number: 1711174543, KMDF_PR_20200901_0011 Korea Medical Device Development Fund Grant funded by the Korea government (the Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Soo Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Ryong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jo-Eun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Joon Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- Department of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Anbiaee N, Shafieian R, Shiezadeh F, Shakeri M, Naqipour F. Correlation between gray values in cone-beam computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:375-382. [PMID: 36605865 PMCID: PMC9807799 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between bone density measurements obtained using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and morphometric parameters of bone determined by histomorphometric analysis. Materials and Methods In this in vivo study, 30 samples from the maxillary bones of 7 sheep were acquired using a trephine. The bone samples were returned to their original sites, and the sheep heads were imaged using CBCT. On the CBCT images, gray values were calculated. In the histomorphometric analysis, the total bone volume, the trabecular bone volume (referred to simply as bone volume), and the trabecular thickness were assessed. Results Statistical testing showed significant correlations between CBCT gray values and total bone volume (r=0.537, P=0.002), bone volume (r=0.672, P<0.001), and trabecular thickness (r=0.692, P<0.001), as determined via the histomorphometric analysis. Conclusion The results indicate a significant and acceptable association between CBCT gray values and bone volume, suggesting that CBCT may be used in bone densitometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Anbiaee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Shafieian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farid Shiezadeh
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadtaghi Shakeri
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naqipour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shi Y, Liu S, Shao X, Zong C, Bai S, Yang Y, Liu Y, Shang H, Tian L. Facial changes in patients with skeletal class III deformity after bimaxillary surgery: an evaluation based on three-dimensional photographs registered with computed tomography. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 60:1404-1410. [PMID: 36428154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate facial soft and hard tissue changes, individually and relative to each other, in patients with skeletal class III deformity after bimaxillary surgery using three-dimensional (3D) photos obtained by white light scanning. Thirty patients with skeletal class III deformity who underwent bimaxillary surgery were selected. Each patient underwent white light scanning and spiral computed tomography (CT) within two weeks before (T0) and six months after surgery (T1). The 3D photos were registered with CT soft tissue models for T0 and T1, and the skeletal area unaffected by treatment (cranial base) was used to register T0 and T1. Then, the 3D colour-coded map was analysed to assess both skeletal and soft tissue changes between T0 and T1. Changes in the 3D coordinates of each anatomical landmark were analysed using the Student's t-test. Maxillary advancement by 2-3 mm and mandibular recession by 5-6 mm were observed; the mandible was shortened in the vertical direction. Compared with the preoperative values, the nasal columella was 0.51 mm shorter, the upper lip was 0.71 mm longer, the base of the alar cartilage was 1.38 mm wider, and the nasolabial angle became larger. The ratio of change in the position of soft tissue point Sn to hard tissue point A was 0.73:1, and that of soft tissue point Pg to hard tissue point Pog was 0.86:1. Images obtained by structured white light scanning registered with CT can be used as an alternative to study facial changes after orthognathic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Siying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Chunlin Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Shizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Digital stomatology Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Yanpu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Hongtao Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, PR China.
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Daljeet M, Warunek S, Covell DA, Monegro A, Giangreco T, Al-Jewair T. Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and bone mineral density in adult orthodontic populations. Cranio 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36368042 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2142724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and predicted bone mineral density (BMD) in adults presenting for orthodontic treatment. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 38 adults divided into OSAS and non-OSAS groups. Using pre-treatment CBCT images, radiographic density (RD) of left and right lateral regions of the 1st cervical vertebrae and dens of the 2nd cervical vertebrae were measured as an indicator for BMD. RESULTS When controlling for age, sex, and BMI, the mean RD was significantly lower in the OSAS group compared to the non-OSAS group (left CV1: 36.69 ± 84.50 vs. 81.67 ± 93.25 Hounsfield Units [HU], respectively, p = 0.031; right CV1: 30.59 ± 81.18 vs. 74.26 ± 91.81 HU, p = 0.045; dens: 159.25 ± 115.96 vs. 223.94 ± 106.09 HU, p = 0.038). CONCLUSION Adults with OSAS have lower values for predicted BMD than those without OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Warunek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David A Covell
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Monegro
- Pediatric Sleep Center, School of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Thikriat Al-Jewair
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Kim PJ, Skabelund Z, Kalim S, Lee CH, Kim N, Nguyen K, Emam H, Knobloch L, Deguchi T, Kim M, Kim DG. Sex dependent differences of temporomandibular condylar bone mineral density distribution. Cranio 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36302258 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2137131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine whether bone mineral density (BMD) distribution in the mandibular condyle and facial morphology are associated with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) using clinical cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODS CBCT images of 35 adults (16 male and 19 female) were examined to obtain TMJ OA counts, cephalometric analyses, and histograms of gray values that are proportional to BMD. Mean, standard deviation (SD), and low and high gray values at the 5th and 95th percentiles (Low5 and High5) of the histograms were measured. RESULTS The female group had significantly higher values of TMJ OA counts, mean, and SD on the right mandibular condyle, High5 on both sides, and all gray value parameters for total (right + left) than the male group. CONCLUSION Comprehensive analysis of BMD distribution in the mandibular condyle can provide useful information for prognosis of TMJ OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zachary Skabelund
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sonya Kalim
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christine H Lee
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nathan Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristen Nguyen
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hany Emam
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Anesthesiology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa Knobloch
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Toru Deguchi
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Sharhan HM, Almashraqi AA, Al-fakeh H, Alhashimi N, Abdulghani EA, Chen W, Al-Sosowa AA, Cao B, Alhammadi MS. Qualitative and quantitative three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary basal and dentoalveolar dimensions in patients with and without maxillary impacted canines. Prog Orthod 2022; 23:38. [PMID: 36274114 PMCID: PMC9588850 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-022-00434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate the qualitative and quantitative maxillary basal, dentoalveolar, and dental dimensions in patients with unilateral or bilateral maxillary impacted canines relative to their normal peers.
Materials and methods This is a retrospective comparative study. Cone-beam computed tomography images of one hundred and fifty adult patients were divided into three equal groups: unilateral, bilateral, and control groups. Each had 50 patients that were three-dimensionally analysed. The quantitative measurements involved three basal (molar basal width, premolar basal width, and arch depth), seven dentoalveolar (molar alveolar width, premolar alveolar width, inter-molar width, inter-premolar width, inter-canine width, arch length, and arch perimeter), and two dental (canine length and width) measurements. The qualitative measurements included four bone density areas (buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal) around the maxillary impacted canines. Result Differences between the three groups were statistically different for the quantitative measurements involving the two basal variables (molar basal width and premolar basal width) and all measured dentoalveolar variables; these were smaller in the unilateral and bilateral groups compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Unilateral and bilateral impacted canine groups showed significantly wider and shorter canines than the control group (p < 0.001). The qualitative measurements (the four bone density areas) around unilateral and bilateral impacted canine groups showed significantly greater density than the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant qualitative or quantitative difference between the unilateral and bilateral impacted canines. The three groups had no significant variations in terms of arch depth. Conclusion Maxillary unilateral and bilateral canine impactions are associated with reduced basal and dentoalveolar dimensions as well as wider and shorter maxillary canines compared to normal peers. The quality of bone around unilateral and bilateral impacted maxillary canines is higher than in non-impacted cases. Unilateral and bilateral canine impactions have quite similar qualitative and quantitative parameters.
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Zhang J, Yu Y, Miao R, Ren J, Jiang Y, Jing W. Treatment effect analysis of curettage for jaw cysts based on volumetric assessment and image registration. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2022; 50:S1010-5182(22)00132-9. [PMID: 36270886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to develop a visual and intuitive quantitative evaluation method for maxillary cystic lesions after curettage. Mimics 16.0 and Geomagic Studio 2013 were used to form a precise reconstruction of the cystic lesion morphology of 60 cases; the average reduction rates and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Computed tomography (CT) registration was performed before and after surgery to observe morphology features of the bone regeneration of the cystic area. The average reduction rates (RR) of the cysts after curettage were (43.56 ± 16.79)%, (54.33 ± 17.15)% and (68.53 ± 15.99)% at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery, respectively. The average monthly reduction rates (MRR) were (12.07 ± 4.35)%, (8.16 ± 2.84)% and (5.35 ± 1.52)% at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery, respectively. Correlation analysis by comparing with each group showed that the effect of sex and age in the 3-month group and the initial size in the 12-month group on RR and MRR were statistically significant. Within the limitations of the study it seems that the chosen approach for quantitative evaluation of the therapeutic effect of curettage for jaw cystic lesions might facilitate visual and quantitative follow-up of cyst curettage and timely detection of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Rong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiayin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral Radiology, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yichen Jiang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Wei Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Hassan R, Fathallah Ahmed N, Ismail Hussein S. Histological, Immunohistochemical and Radiographic Evaluation of Amitriptyline Administration on the Periodontium of Albino Rats (An Experimental Study). Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:449-457. [PMID: 36092527 PMCID: PMC9453502 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant drug accustomed to treat depressive disorders. It recorded many side effects on different tissues. Objective To investigate reaction of Albino rats’ periodontium after oral administration of Amitriptyline histologically and radiographically. Methods Fourteen adult male albino rats (150–200 g) were divided into two groups, control and experimental. Rats of experimental group received 10 mg⁄kg⁄day of Amitriptyline hydrochloride by oral gavage for four weeks. Mandibles were prepared for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and anti-osteopontin (Anti-OPN) immunohistochemistry staining. Bone mineral density was measured in mandibular alveolar bone. Statistical analysis for Anti-OPN and relative Hounsfield unit value (HU value) was performed using independent-samples t-test. Results Gingiva of experimental group showed epithelial degeneration with pyknotic nuclei and disintegration in lamina propria. Areas of separation in alveolar bone and degeneration of some regions in cementum were seen with apparent increase in periodontal ligament (PDL) thickness and its detachment from bone and cementum at some regions. Immunohistochemical examination of experimental group showed apparently increased immunopositivity in gingiva, cementocytes, osteocytes, cementum, bone matrices, fibroblasts and PDL fibers when compared to control group. Statistical analysis revealed insignificant difference of Anti-OPN area% in gingiva between both studied groups. While there was statistical significant increase of Anti-OPN area% in the other periodontium tissues and high statistical significant decrease of relative HU value in experimental group when compared to control. Conclusions Amitriptyline has destructive effect on periodontal tissues and statistically increases the expression of Anti-OPN in all periodontal tissues except gingiva and decreases bone mineral density.
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Three-dimensional Analysis of Alveolar Bone With and Without Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2022; 72:634-640. [PMID: 35760735 PMCID: PMC9485513 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar bone density and thickness in Chinese participants with and without periodontitis. METHODOLOGY This study was retrospective and cross-sectional in nature and used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate alveolar bone loss, bone density, and bone thickness around 668 mandibular molars (344 periodontally healthy teeth and 324 teeth with periodontitis). Comparative statistical tests were done related to the age, sex, tooth type, tooth side, and degree of bone loss. The significance level was set to be P < .05. RESULTS The alveolar bone density significantly differed between the healthy and periodontitis groups (mean difference = 24.4 Hounsfield units; P = .007). Similarly, the alveolar bone thickness of the healthy group was significantly higher than that of the periodontitis group (4.6 ± 1.8 mm compared to 4.2 ± 1.1 mm). Teeth in females demonstrated a significantly (P ˂ .001) higher bone density compared with males in both healthy and compromised groups. However, males showed a significantly (P ˂ .05) thicker bone of the teeth than females in relation to the healthy group. The alveolar bone density and thickness in both healthy and periodontitis groups significantly differed between the first and the second molars (P < .001). The alveolar bone thickness had a highly significant difference (P < .001) between the different degrees of bone loss. CONCLUSIONS Alveolar bone thickness and density were reduced at periodontally diseased teeth.
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Chirvi S, Pahapill N, Yoganandan N, Curry W, Stemper B, Kleinberger M, Pintar FA. Calcaneus fracture pattern and severity: Role of local trabecular bone density. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 134:105332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Lee DJW, Moon ES, Stephen K, Liu J, Kim DG. Influence of dental implantation on bone mineral density distribution: a pilot study. J Adv Prosthodont 2022; 14:143-149. [PMID: 35855316 PMCID: PMC9259350 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Masticatory loading triggers active bone remodeling, altering alveolar bone mineral density (BMD). While dental implants are placed to bear masticatory loading, their influence on changing bone properties has not been fully investigated. Objective of this pilot study was to examine whether the dental implantation has an effect on BMD distribution of bone by comparing dentate, edentulous, and edentulous patients with implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 19 partially edentulous patients (Dent), 19 edentulous patients (Edent), and 16 edentulous patients who received implants in the mandible (Edent+Im), were obtained. CBCT images were also obtained from 5 patients within Edent+Im group, before implant placement and after implant loading. Basal cortical bone region of the mandible was digitally isolated. A histogram of gray levels proportional to BMD was obtained to assess mean, histogram standard deviation (HSD), fifth percentile of low and high values (Low5 and High5) of the BMD distribution. Multivariate analysis of variance and paired t-test were used to compare the BMD parameters among the 3 dental status groups and between pre- and post-implantation, respectively. RESULTS Edentulous patients with implants had significantly greater HSD and High5 values compared to edentulous patients (P < .013). All other comparisons were not significant (P > .097). Mean, HSD, and High5 values significantly increased after receiving implants (P < .022). CONCLUSION The current findings suggested that receiving dental implants promoted oral bone mineralization for edentulous patients. The longitudinal investigation could provide valuable information on understanding the effects of implantation on the behavior of oral bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jae-Whan Lee
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eun-Sang Moon
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth Stephen
- The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- Division of Orthodontics and Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
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Zalama E, Karrouf G, Rizk A, Salama B, Samy A. Does zinc oxide nanoparticles potentiate the regenerative effect of platelet-rich fibrin in healing of critical bone defect in rabbits? BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:130. [PMID: 35366880 PMCID: PMC8976312 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many encouraging studies confirmed the ability of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in accelerating bone growth and mineralization. The use of Platelet Rich-Fibrin (PRF) as a sole filling material for large segmental bone defects remains questionable. The objectives are to investigate the regenerative efficacy of autologous Platelet Rich-Fibrin (PRF) and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in repairing large segmental bone ulnar defects in a randomized controlled study in rabbits using computed tomographic interpretations. A 12 mm critical size defect was surgically induced in the ulna of 30 rabbits (n = 10/ group). In the control group, the defect was left empty. In the PRF group, the defect is filled with PRF. In the PRF/ZnONPs group, the defect is filled with PRF that was inoculated with 0.1 ml of 0.2% ZnONPs. Radiologic healing capacity was evaluated at the first, second, and third postoperative months. Results Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the radiologic healing scores between the groups (P = 0.000–0.0001) at all-time points (P = 0.000–0.047) during the study. Conclusion Rabbits in the PRF/ZnONPs group showed the highest appreciable bone quality and quantity followed by the PRF group with high quantity but low bone quality meanwhile, rabbits in the control group showed minimal quantity but medium bone quality. Interestingly, the addition of ZnONPs to PRF can accelerate the healing of ulnar critical-size defects in rabbits.
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Choi IGG, Pinhata-Baptista OH, Ferraço R, Kim JH, Abdala Júnior R, Arita ES, Cortes ARG, Ackerman JL. Correlation among alveolar bone assessments provided by CBCT, micro-CT, and 14 T MRI. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2022; 51:20210243. [PMID: 35348359 PMCID: PMC10043613 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate bone mineral adipose tissue (BMAT) volume in 21 alveolar bone specimens, as determined by 14 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and correlate them to the radiodensity values obtained preoperatively of regions of interest by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and to the BV/TV ratio values obtained by micro-CT, the gold-standard for morphometric data collection. Methods: Partially edentulous patients were submitted to a CBCT scan, and the radiographic bone densities in each ROI were automatically calculated using coDiagnostiX software. Based on the CBCT surgical planning, a CAD/CAM stereolithographic surgical guide was fabricated to retrieve a bone biopsy from the same ROIs scanned preoperatively, and then to orientate the subsequent implant placement. The alveolar bone biopsies were then collected and scanned using the micro-CT and 14 T MRI techniques. Pearson’s correlation test was performed to correlate the results obtained using the three different techniques. Results: In the 21 eligible bone specimens (6 females, 15 males), age (mean age 52.9 years), micro-CT, and 14 T MRI variables were found to be normally distributed (p > 0.05). The strongest—and only statistically significant (p < 0.05)—correlation was found between micro-CT and 14 T MRI values (r = 0.943), and the weakest, between 14 T MRI and CBCT values (r = –0.068). Conclusions: The findings suggest that 14 T MRI can be used to evaluate BMAT as an indirect marker for bone volume, and that CBCT is not a reliable technique to provide accurate bone density values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Ferraço
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Kim
- Military Hospital of the São Paulo Area (HMASP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Abdala Júnior
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Emiko Saito Arita
- Department of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jerome L. Ackerman
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Republic of Malta
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Aging Alters Cervical Vertebral Bone Density Distribution: A Cross-Sectional Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis reduces bone mineral density (BMD) with aging. The incidence of cervical vertebral injuries for the elderly has increased in the last decade. Thus, the objective of the current study was to examine whether dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can identify age and sex effects on volumetric BMD and morphology of human cervical vertebrae. A total of 136 clinical CBCT images were obtained from 63 male and 73 female patients (20 to 69 years of age). Three-dimensional images of cervical vertebral bodies (C2 and C3) were digitally isolated. A gray level, which is proportional to BMD, was obtained and its distribution was analyzed in each image. Morphology, including volume, heights, widths, and concavities, was also measured. Most of the gray level parameters had significantly higher values of C2 and C3 in females than in males for all age groups (p < 0.039). The female 60-age group had significant lower values of Mean and Low5 of C2 and C3 than both female 40- and 50-age groups (p < 0.03). The reduced BMD of the female 60-age group likely resulted from postmenopausal demineralization of bone. Current findings suggest that dental CBCT can detect age-dependent changes of cervical vertebral BMD, providing baseline information to develop an alternative tool to diagnose osteoporosis.
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The Assessment of the Usefulness of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in the Healing Process Bone Resorption. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The main subject of this research was the use of PRF in dental surgery aimed at preventing changes in alveolar height and width after tooth extraction. Due to the large growth factor content, it seems to be particularly useful in bone loss management starting from the simplest loss occurring after tooth extraction through loss resulting from tooth resection ending with loss caused by large bone cysts. The study was performed on 50 patients. The extraction of two maxillary or mandibular homonymous teeth was carried out in each patient, where PRF was placed in one alveolus while the other alveolus was left empty. Then, the alveoli were surgically managed with a split flap technique. On the extraction day, after 10 days, and after 6 months, the alveolar process was measured, soft tissues healing was assessed, and imaging examinations were analyzed. It was proved that the healing of soft tissues in the PRF group was better. In the PRF group after 6 months from surgery, the newly formed bone had higher grayscale values in volumetric tomography (CBCT). Moreover, the reduced atrophy of the alveolar process at the site of the extracted tooth was proved in this study.
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19
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An Image Quality Comparison Study Between Homemade and Commercial Dental Cone-Beam CT Systems. J Med Biol Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-021-00663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been widely applied in dental and maxillofacial imaging. Several dental CBCT systems have been recently developed in order to improve the performance. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality of our prototype (YMU-DENT-P001) and compare with a commercial POYE Expert 3DS dental CBCT system (system A).
Methods
The Micro-CT Contrast Scale, Micro-CT Water and Micro-CT HA phantoms were used to evaluate the two CBCT systems in terms of contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), uniformity (U), distortion, and linearity in the relationship between image intensity and calcium hydroxyapatite concentration. We also fabricated a proprietary thin-wire phantom to evaluate full width at half maximum (FWHM) spatial resolution. Both CBCT systems used the same exposure protocol, and data analysis was performed in accordance with ISO standards using a proprietary image analysis platform.
Results
The SNR of our prototype system was nearly five times higher than that of system A (prototype: 159.85 ± 3.88; A: 35.42 ± 0.61; p < 0.05) and the CNR was three times higher (prototype: 329.39 ± 5.55; A: 100.29 ± 2.31; p < 0.05). The spatial resolution of the prototype (0.2446 mm) greatly exceeded that of system A (0.5179 mm) and image distortion was lower (prototype: 0.03 mm; system A: 0.285 mm). Little difference was observed between the two systems in terms of the linear relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and image intensity.
Conclusions
Within the scope of this study, our prototype YMU-DENT-P001 outperformed system A in terms of spatial resolution, SNR, CNR, and image distortion.
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Fahrig R, Jaffray DA, Sechopoulos I, Webster Stayman J. Flat-panel conebeam CT in the clinic: history and current state. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2021; 8:052115. [PMID: 34722795 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.8.5.052115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into conebeam CT concepts began as soon as the first clinical single-slice CT scanner was conceived. Early implementations of conebeam CT in the 1980s focused on high-contrast applications where concurrent high resolution ( < 200 μ m ), for visualization of small contrast-filled vessels, bones, or teeth, was an imaging requirement that could not be met by the contemporaneous CT scanners. However, the use of nonlinear imagers, e.g., x-ray image intensifiers, limited the clinical utility of the earliest diagnostic conebeam CT systems. The development of consumer-electronics large-area displays provided a technical foundation that was leveraged in the 1990s to first produce large-area digital x-ray detectors for use in radiography and then compact flat panels suitable for high-resolution and high-frame-rate conebeam CT. In this review, we show the concurrent evolution of digital flat panel (DFP) technology and clinical conebeam CT. We give a brief summary of conebeam CT reconstruction, followed by a brief review of the correction approaches for DFP-specific artifacts. The historical development and current status of flat-panel conebeam CT in four clinical areas-breast, fixed C-arm, image-guided radiation therapy, and extremity/head-is presented. Advances in DFP technology over the past two decades have led to improved visualization of high-contrast, high-resolution clinical tasks, and image quality now approaches the soft-tissue contrast resolution that is the standard in clinical CT. Future technical developments in DFPs will enable an even broader range of clinical applications; research in the arena of flat-panel CT shows no signs of slowing down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fahrig
- Innovation, Advanced Therapies, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany.,Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Department of Computer Science 5, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David A Jaffray
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Departments of Radiation Physics and Imaging Physics, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Ioannis Sechopoulos
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Imaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Expert Center for Screening (LRCB), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,University of Twente, Technical Medical Center, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - J Webster Stayman
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Yong TH, Yang S, Lee SJ, Park C, Kim JE, Huh KH, Lee SS, Heo MS, Yi WJ. QCBCT-NET for direct measurement of bone mineral density from quantitative cone-beam CT: a human skull phantom study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15083. [PMID: 34301984 PMCID: PMC8302740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to directly and quantitatively measure BMD from Cone-beam CT (CBCT) images by enhancing the linearity and uniformity of the bone intensities based on a hybrid deep-learning model (QCBCT-NET) of combining the generative adversarial network (Cycle-GAN) and U-Net, and to compare the bone images enhanced by the QCBCT-NET with those by Cycle-GAN and U-Net. We used two phantoms of human skulls encased in acrylic, one for the training and validation datasets, and the other for the test dataset. We proposed the QCBCT-NET consisting of Cycle-GAN with residual blocks and a multi-channel U-Net using paired training data of quantitative CT (QCT) and CBCT images. The BMD images produced by QCBCT-NET significantly outperformed the images produced by the Cycle-GAN or the U-Net in mean absolute difference (MAD), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), normalized cross-correlation (NCC), structural similarity (SSIM), and linearity when compared to the original QCT image. The QCBCT-NET improved the contrast of the bone images by reflecting the original BMD distribution of the QCT image locally using the Cycle-GAN, and also spatial uniformity of the bone images by globally suppressing image artifacts and noise using the two-channel U-Net. The QCBCT-NET substantially enhanced the linearity, uniformity, and contrast as well as the anatomical and quantitative accuracy of the bone images, and demonstrated more accuracy than the Cycle-GAN and the U-Net for quantitatively measuring BMD in CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Yong
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Yang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Jeong Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chansoo Park
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jo-Eun Kim
- grid.459982.b0000 0004 0647 7483Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kim J, Yeon A, Parker SJ, Shahid M, Thiombane A, Cho E, You S, Emam H, Kim DG, Kim M. Alendronate-induced Perturbation of the Bone Proteome and Microenvironmental Pathophysiology. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3261-3270. [PMID: 34400895 PMCID: PMC8364444 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.61552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are powerful inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis and are used to prevent osteoporotic bone loss and reduce the risk of osteoporotic fracture in patients suffering from postmenopausal osteoporosis. Patients with breast cancer or gynecological malignancies being treated with BPs or those receiving bone-targeted therapy for metastatic prostate cancer are at increased risk of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Although BPs markedly ameliorate osteoporosis, their adverse effects largely limit the clinical application of these drugs. This study focused on providing a deeper understanding of one of the most popular BPs, the alendronate (ALN)-induced perturbation of the bone proteome and microenvironmental pathophysiology. Methods: To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying ALN-induced side-effects, an unbiased and global proteomics approach combined with big data bioinformatics was applied. This was followed by biochemical and functional analyses to determine the clinicopathological mechanisms affected by ALN. Results: The findings from this proteomics study suggest that the RIPK3/Wnt/GSK3/β-catenin signaling pathway is significantly perturbed upon ALN treatment, resulting in abnormal angiogenesis, inflammation, anabolism, remodeling, and mineralization in bone cells in an in vitro cell culture system. Conclusion: Our investigation into potential key signaling mechanisms in response to ALN provides a rational basis for suppressing BP-induced adverse effect and presents various therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Austin Yeon
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah J. Parker
- Smidt Heart Institute, Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aissatou Thiombane
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eunho Cho
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hany Emam
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- Division of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Minjung Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Girard N, Cauvin ERJ, Gauthier O, Gatel L. The Use of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Substitute (BCP) in Mandibular Defects in Dogs: Use of CBCT to Evaluate Bone Healing. J Vet Dent 2021; 37:210-219. [PMID: 33550889 DOI: 10.1177/0898756421989120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to follow-up bone healing of mandibular bone defects in dogs, filled with a combination of autologous blood and millimetric BCP granules. CBCT was performed ≥4 weeks postoperatively. CBCT gray-scale values were measured from multiplanar reconstructions of the defects and compared to that of normal contralateral mandibular bone and to pure BCP/blood composite time 0 (T0) value. Other parameters, determined by affecting grades according to specific criteria included: bone ridge margin restoration; biomaterial homogeneity; bone-biomaterial interface. Results: 8 dogs with 14 defects were included. Median age was 7.2 years (1-15 years). Follow-up CBCT was performed 1 to 7.5 months postoperatively (mean 3.3 months). Defect CBCT gray-scale values at follow-up were significantly greater than T0 (p < 0.05). Ratios of maximum and minimum densities of the defects to contralateral mandibular bone followed a linear correlation with time (p < 0.05). The bone ridge margin was adequately restored in all the defects and significantly correlated with time (p = 0.03). Biomaterial homogeneity was fair to good in 11 defects and significantly correlated with the bone ridge margin parameter (p = 0.05) and time (p = 0.006). There was no significant correlation with the bone-material interface. The latter was satisfactory in 12 defects and significantly correlated with time (p = 0.01) but not with the other parameters. The biomaterial was more homogeneous in smaller defects and with increasing time. CBCT allowed effective assessment of bone healing via the measurement of CBCT gray-scale values and assessment of multiple radiological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Girard
- Azurvet Veterinary Referal Center, Saint Laurent du Var, France
| | | | - Olivier Gauthier
- Department of Small Animal Surgery and Dentistry, 173572Oniris College of Veterinary Medicine, Nantes, France
| | - Laure Gatel
- Azurvet Veterinary Referal Center, Saint Laurent du Var, France
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Kuramoto T, Takarabe S, Shiotsuki K, Shibayama Y, Hamasaki H, Akamine H, Okamura K, Chikui T, Kato T, Yoshiura K. X-ray dose reduction using additional copper filtration for dental cone beam CT. Phys Med 2020; 81:302-307. [PMID: 33349541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effect of additional copper-filters (Cu-filters) on the radiation dose and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in a dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The Cu-filter thickness and tube voltage of the CBCT unit were varied in the range of 0.00-0.20 mm and 70-90 kV, respectively. The CBCT images of a phantom with homogeneous materials of aluminum, air, and bone equivalent material (BEM) were acquired. The CNRs were calculated from the voxel values of each homogeneous material. The CTDIvol was measured using standard polymethyl methacrylate CTDI test objects. We evaluated and analyzed the effects of tube current and various radiation qualities on the CNRs and CTDIvol. We observed a tendency for higher CNR at increasing tube voltage and tube current in all the homogeneous materials. On the other hand, the CNR reduced at increasing Cu-filter thickness. The tube voltage of 90 kV showed a clear advantage in the tube current-CNR curves in all the homogeneous materials. The CTDIvol increased as the tube voltage and tube current increased and decreased with the increase in the Cu-filter thickness. When the CNR was fixed at 9.23 of BEM at an exposure setting of 90 kV/5 mA without a Cu-filter, the CTDIvol at 90 kV with Cu-filters was 8.7% lower compared with that at 90 kV without a Cu-filter. The results from this study demonstrate the potential of adding a Cu-filter for patient dose reduction while ensuring the image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kuramoto
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shinya Takarabe
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenshi Shiotsuki
- Medical Technology Department, Oita University Hospital, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-cho, Yufu-shi, Oita 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shibayama
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamasaki
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akamine
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Okamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toru Chikui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Kato
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yoshiura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Schnutenhaus S, Götz W, Dreyhaupt J, Rudolph H, Luthardt RG, Edelmann C. Associations among Primary Stability, Histomorphometric Findings, and Bone Density: A Prospective Randomized Study after Alveolar Ridge Preservation with a Collagen Cone. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:E112. [PMID: 33023224 PMCID: PMC7712570 DOI: 10.3390/dj8040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this investigation was to examine whether determination of bone density (BD) with a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan could help predict the primary stability (PS) of the implants and to investigate whether associations between the histomorphometric findings and the CBCT scan could be observed. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized clinical study, the efficacy of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with a combination of a collagen cone and a collagen membrane procedure after tooth extraction was investigated. CBCT scans were obtained after a healing period of 8 (±1) weeks. Subsequently, the CBCT scans were evaluated in terms of BD at different heights of the former socket. Eleven (±1) weeks after tooth extraction, implant placement was performed and PS was measured with resonance frequency analysis. Potential associations among the radiologically measured BD, the histomorphometric results, and the PS were analyzed. RESULTS No direct association was observed between the radiologically determined BD and the histomorphometric findings. No significant associations could be found between the BD and the PS. CONCLUSION No significant associations were observed among the BD determined by the CBCT, the histomorphometric findings, and the PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigmar Schnutenhaus
- Center of Dentistry, Dr. Schnutenhaus MVZ GmbH, 78247 Hilzingen, Germany
- Center of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (R.G.L.); (C.E.)
| | - Werner Götz
- Oral Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Jens Dreyhaupt
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Heike Rudolph
- Center of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (R.G.L.); (C.E.)
| | - Ralph G. Luthardt
- Center of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (R.G.L.); (C.E.)
| | - Cornelia Edelmann
- Center of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.R.); (R.G.L.); (C.E.)
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Trabecular bone mineral density correlations using QCT: Central and peripheral human skeleton. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 112:104076. [PMID: 32911222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries to the lower leg and foot-ankle joint are associated with external mechanical loads resulting from motor vehicle crashes, under body blasts, falls from height, or sports. As an intrinsic material property, the bone mineral density (BMD) is related to bone strength. The clinically recognized biological sites for BMD evaluation are the hip and spine. The focus of this study was to define the correlation between BMD from standard clinical sites (hip and lumbar spine) compared to BMD from non-standard sites (foot-ankle-distal tibia bones). Twenty-one post-mortem human subjects (PMHS) with mean age, height, and mass of 63 ± 11 years, 179 ± 7 cm, and 86 ± 13 kg, respectively were used for analysis. Clinical BMD software (Mindways Software, Inc.) was used for trabecular BMD quantification using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). In quantification of BMD of the foot-ankle-distal tibia (hind foot), the trabecular BMD of the talus (316 ± 86mg/cc) was highest followed by the distal tibia (238 ± 72 mg/cc) and then calcaneus (147 ± 51 mg/cc). To correlate BMD values from foot bone regions with the central skeleton BMD values within the same PMHS, there were 18 lumbar spine and 12 hip BMDs available. The BMD of the distal tibia correlated best with the hip intertrochanter BMD (R2 of 0.72). Calcaneus BMD best correlated with the hip femoral neck BMD (R2 = 0.64). In summary, the hind foot bone BMD values correlated better with the hip as compared to the lumbar spine BMD from the same PMHS. These findings indicate that, in the absence of a direct measure of foot-bone BMD, hip BMD might be a better predictor of injury risk to hind foot rather than lumbar spine BMD, or alternatively, calcaneal trabecular BMD can be used to predict the risk of injury to hip. Further, these relationships between central and peripheral regions can also be implemented in finite element models for improved failure predictions.
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27
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Friedli L, Kloukos D, Kanavakis G, Halazonetis D, Gkantidis N. The effect of threshold level on bone segmentation of cranial base structures from CT and CBCT images. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7361. [PMID: 32355261 PMCID: PMC7193643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a single grey intensity threshold is one of the most straightforward and widely used methods to segment cranial base surface models from a 3D radiographic volume. In this study we used thirty Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) scans from three different machines and ten CT scans of growing individuals to test the effect of thresholding on the subsequently produced anterior cranial base surface models. From each scan, six surface models were generated using a range of voxel intensity thresholds. The models were then superimposed on a manually selected reference surface model, using an iterative closest point algorithm. Multivariate tests showed significant effects of the machine type, threshold value, and superimposition on the spatial position and the form of the created models. For both, CT and CBCT machines, the distance between the models, as well as the variation within each threshold category, was consistently increasing with the magnitude of difference between thresholds. The present findings highlight the importance of accurate anterior cranial base segmentation for reliable assessment of craniofacial morphology through surface superimposition or similar methods that utilize this anatomical structure as reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Friedli
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios Kloukos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, GR-11525, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Kanavakis
- Department of Pediatric Oral Health and Orthodontics, University Center for Dental Medicine - UZB, University of Basel, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Demetrios Halazonetis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gkantidis
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Al-Hafidh NN, Al-Khatib AR, Al-Hafidh NN. Assessment of the cortical bone thickness by CT-scan and its association with orthodontic implant position in a young adult Eastern Mediterranean population: A cross sectional study. Int Orthod 2020; 18:246-257. [PMID: 32147328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess cortical bone thickness in the alveolar process of maxilla and mandible and to investigate its association with different orthodontic implant positions in Eastern Mediterranean young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Computed tomography images of 50 patients aged between 18-35 years were included. Buccal, palatal and lingual cortical bone thicknesses were measured at 2, 4, 6, and 8mm from cemento-enamel junction starting from the mesial side of the second molar to the contralateral side. Pearson correlation was used to assess the association between cortical bone thickness and proposed orthodontic implant positions at all inter-radicular sites (p<0.05). RESULTS The highest value of buccal cortical bone thickness was found mesial to the second molar in the maxilla and mandible for both genders. The value of palatal cortical bone thickness was found to be at the highest rate mesial to canine and first premolar in males and females respectively. On the other hand, the highest value of lingual cortical bone thickness was recorded to be mesial to the first molar in both genders. In addition to that, the buccal cortical bone thickness was significantly higher than palatal at the area mesial to the second molar at all four levels from the cemento-enamel junction. A significant correlation was found between cortical bone thickness and 2, 4, 6, and 8mm orthodontic implant levels in all inter-radicular sites. The values of correlation coefficients ranged from 0.280 to 0.674 in the maxillary arch and from 0.266 to 0.605 in the mandibular arch. CONCLUSIONS From this study, we can conclude that as the position of the orthodontic implant moved more posteriorly and apically more cortical bone thickness was expected to be found in both jaws. A significant correlation was found between cortical bone thickness and the site of the orthodontic implant. Cortical bone thickness and its relationship with implant position should be taken into consideration when attempts are made to insert the orthodontic implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Nashee Al-Hafidh
- University of Mosul, College of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Ali R Al-Khatib
- University of Mosul, College of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Mosul, Iraq.
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29
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Mehralizadeh S, Talaipour AR, Olyaee P, Amiri siavoshani M. Correlation Between Tissue Densities in Computed Tomography and Three Different Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Units (In Vitro). JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.5.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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30
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Zhou Y, Gao J, Sheng M, Qi W, Jin J, He F. Facial alveolar bone alterations and gray value changes based on cone beam computed tomography around maxillary anterior implants: A clinical retrospective study of 1-3 years. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 31:476-487. [PMID: 31990412 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) study was to describe facial alveolar bone alterations and gray value (GV) changes around implants in aesthetic anterior maxilla with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) and to investigate potential influence of factors related to vertical alveolar bone stability, such as particle sizes of the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) used. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study design was adopted. Four facio-palatal cross-sectional CBCT images of 166 implants from 124 patients who had maxillary anterior implants were obtained. Measurements of the vertical facial alveolar bone level (VFBL), horizontal facial alveolar bone thickness (HFBT), and GV were identified of 1-3 years. Then, correlation coefficients for those parameters were calculated. Finally, linear mixed models were established to investigate potential factors influencing vertical alveolar bone resorption. RESULTS Facial alveolar bone underwent fast bone modeling and remodeling during the first 6 months, with decreases of 1.00 ± 1.19 and 0.74 ± 0.86 mm in VFBL and HFBT in implant shoulder, respectively, and there was positive and significant correlation between the alterations in VFBL and HFBT1 (rs = .516, p = .000). Linear mixed models identified particle size of DBBM as a critical factor associated with vertical bone resorption (p = .000). The GV gradually increased during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Rapid and unavoidable peri-implant bone resorption usually happened during the first 6 months after implant placement. GBR is a predictable treatment for maxillary anterior implants, since GV has an increasing trend. Large bone particles of DBBM help maintain vertical alveolar bone stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Gao
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Sheng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Qi
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Jin
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuming He
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Kim HJ, Kim JE, Choo J, Min J, Chang S, Lee SC, Pyun WB, Seo KS, Karm MH, Koo KT, Rhyu IC, Myoung H, Heo MS. A clinical pilot study of jawbone mineral density measured by the newly developed dual-energy cone-beam computed tomography method compared to calibrated multislice computed tomography. Imaging Sci Dent 2019; 49:295-299. [PMID: 31915615 PMCID: PMC6941836 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2019.49.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This clinical pilot study was performed to determine the effectiveness of dual-energy cone-beam computed tomography (DE-CBCT) in measuring bone mineral density (BMD). Materials and Methods The BMD values obtained using DE-CBCT were compared to those obtained using calibrated multislice computed tomography (MSCT). After BMD calibration with specially designed phantoms, both DE-CBCT and MSCT scanning were performed in 15 adult dental patients. Three-dimensional (3D) Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine data were imported into a dental software program, and the defined regions of interest (ROIs) on the 3-dimensional surface-rendered images were identified. The automatically-measured BMD values of the ROIs (g/cm3), the differences in the measured BMD values of the matched ROIs obtained by DE-CBCT and MSCT 3D images, and the correlation between the BMD values obtained by the 2 devices were statistically analyzed. Results The mean BMD values of the ROIs for the 15 patients as assessed using DE-CBCT and MSCT were 1.09±0.07 g/cm3 and 1.13±0.08 g/cm3, respectively. The mean of the differences between the BMD values of the matched ROIs as assessed using DE-CBCT and calibrated MSCT images was 0.04±0.02 g/cm3. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the BMD values of DE-CBCT and MSCT images was 0.982 (r=0.982, P<0.001). Conclusion The newly developed DE-CBCT technique could be used to measure jaw BMD in dentistry and may soon replace MSCT, which is expensive and requires special facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Woong Beom Pyun
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Suk Seo
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myong-Hwan Karm
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Koo
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Chul Rhyu
- Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Myoung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yasa Y, Buyuk SK, Genc E. Comparison of mandibular cortical bone among obese, overweight, and normal weight adolescents using panoramic mandibular index and mental index. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2919-2924. [PMID: 31802243 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the mental index (MI) and panoramic mandibular index (PMI) of a group of adolescent patients in different body mass index (BMI) percentile. MATERIAL AND METHODS Subjects were divided into three different groups in accordance to their BMI percentile status: normal weight (35 subjects; mean age, 14.81 ± 2.12 years), overweight (32 subjects; mean age, 14.77 ± 2.56 years), and obese (33 subjects; mean age, 14.06 ± 2.59 years) groups. Mental index (MI) and panoramic mandibular index (PMI) were assessed on panoramic radiographs. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in PMI and MI that were observed among groups (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001, respectivel). MI and PMI are higher in overweight and obese individuals than in normal-weight. CONCLUSIONS Mandibular cortex was found thicker in patients who are obese and overweight compared to normal weight patients. We can suggest that young obese individuals' bone structure can be take in consideration in orthodontic or dental surgical treatment planning. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Dense cortical bone may cause some difficulties in orthodontic and surgical treatment. Clinicians should understand obesity and overweight-related jaw bone changes and consider these factors to treat their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Yasa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
| | | | - Esra Genc
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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33
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Ghoncheh Z, Kaviani H, Ghadiri Harvani H, Goodarzipoor D, Shamshiri AR, Shams P. Assessment of the Capability of Bone Density Contrast Dissociation in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Compared to Digital Periapical Radiography by Using a Phantom. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2019; 20:203-209. [PMID: 31579696 PMCID: PMC6732184 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2019.44915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Assessment of bone density changes plays an important role in diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up procedures. The feasibility of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for assessment of bone density changes is still controversial. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of bone density contrast dissociation of CBCT compared to digital periapical radiography. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this in vitro, experimental study, we designed radiographic phantom for bone density simulation. The phantom was a polytetrafluoroethylene rectangular cube with five-chambers. Five micro-tubes (2 mL) containing different concentrations of dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) were placed within these chambers. Different concentrations of K2HPO4 were scanned by CBCT; the mean voxel value of each micro-tube was measured and compared with the concentration of K2HPO4 that represented bone density. RESULTS CBCT results showed that there were no significant correlations between 300 mg/mL and lower concentrations of K2HPO4 and CBCT voxel values (P≤0.52) but there was a significant correlation between concentrations of K2HPO4 higher than 300 mg/mL and CBCT voxel values (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION CBCT is a reliable method for the assessment of bone density changes in the high range of bone density but it is not reliable for such assessment in the lower range of bone density. Digital periapical imaging method may not be applied for the assessment of bone density, whereas in higher densities, the employment of CBCT seems to be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghoncheh
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Kaviani
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Ghadiri Harvani
- Dept. of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, and Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daryoush Goodarzipoor
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Shams
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
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Jain V, Seith A, Manchanda S, Pillai R, Sharma DN, Mathur VP. Effect of intravenous administration of zoledronic acid on jaw bone density in cases having skeletal metastasis: A prospective clinical study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019; 19:203-209. [PMID: 31462858 PMCID: PMC6685335 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_368_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective is to evaluate the effect of intravenous (i.v.) administration of bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid) therapy on the jaw bone density and incidence of any other bony patholog. Settings and Design: Observational – prospective study. Materials and Methods: A total of 57 patients having a history of bony metastasis (excluding the jaw bone) were enrolled following the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Each patient received six doses of 4 mg i.v. bisphosphonate once a month. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) of jawbones for each patient was performed before the start of therapy (baseline) and subsequently at 6 and 12 months. Bone density was assessed at 24 predetermined sites (8 sites in maxilla and 16 sites in mandible) and any pathological change in either of the jaw bones was noted. Statistical Analysis Used: Shapiro–Wilk test ,Pearson's Chisquare test and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The result showed no statistically significant increase in mean bone density over a period of 1 year in maxilla and mandible. However, a significant increase in bone density was observed from 6 months to 1 year in mandibular anterior cancellous bone. The detailed observation of each MDCT scan showed no pathological change in either of the jaw bones during the study period. Conclusion: The administration (i.v.) of six doses of 4 mg bisphosphonate did not lead to a significant change in bone density over a period of 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Jain
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashu Seith
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Smita Manchanda
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajath Pillai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D N Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Shipley T, Farouk K, El-Bialy T. Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density. J Orthod Sci 2019; 8:15. [PMID: 31497574 PMCID: PMC6702681 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_17_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Previous reports have shown that high-frequency vibration can increase bone remodeling and accelerate tooth movement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-frequency vibration on treatment phase tooth movement, and post-treatment bone density at initiation of retention, with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with initial Class I skeletal relationships, initial minimum-moderate crowding (3–5 mm), treated to completion with clear aligners and adjunctive high-frequency vibration, (HFV group) or no vibration, (Control group) were evaluated. The patients were instructed to change aligners as soon as they become loose. Changes in bone density associated with orthodontic treatment were evaluated using i-CAT cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and InVivo Anatomage® software to quantify density using Hounsfield units (HU) between treated teeth in 10 different regions. HU values were averaged and compared against baseline (T1) and between the groups at initiation of retention (T2). RESULTS: The average time for aligner change was 5.2 days in the HFV group, and 8.7 days in the control group (P = 0.0001). There was significant T1 to T2 increase of HU values in the upper arch (P = 0.0001) and the lower arch (P = 0.008) in the HFV group. There was no significant change in average HU values in the upper (P = 0.83) or lower arches (P = 0.33) in the control group. The intergroup comparison revealed a significant difference in the upper, (P = 0.0001) and lower arches (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: High-frequency vibration adjunctive to clear aligners, allowed early aligner changes that led to shorter treatment time in minimum-moderate crowded cases. At initiation of retention, the HFV group demonstrated statistically significant increase as compared with pre-treatment bone density, whereas control subjects showed no significant change from pre-treatment bone density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Shipley
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, Mesa, Arizona, USA
| | - Khaled Farouk
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Orthodontics, 7-020D Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Kalabalik F, Aytuğar E. Localization of the Mandibular Canal in a Turkish Population: a Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study. EJOURNAL OF ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH 2019; 10:e2. [PMID: 31404191 PMCID: PMC6683388 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2019.10202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the location of the mandibular canal at the mental foramen region that is essential in order to prevent injuries to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle during mandibular surgical procedures. Material and Methods The position of the mandibular canal was analysed using cone-beam computed tomography images from 300 Turkish patients, who were referred to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University for various complaints. The distances of the mandibular canal to the outer superior (D1), inferior (D2), buccal (D3), and lingual (D4) cortical margins were measured at 2 mm distal to the mental foramen. Results There were 148 (49.3%) males and 152 (50.7%) females with ages ranging from 15 to 74 years (39.15 [SD 17.8]). D1 was significantly greater than D2 and D3 was significantly greater than D4 on both left and right sides. While the mean D1, D2, and D4 in males were significantly greater than in females on both left and right sides. There was no significant difference between D3 in males and females on both left and right sides. Conclusions The results showed that the mandibular canal was vertically located nearer to the inferior cortical border and horizontally nearer to the lingual cortical border of the mandible at the mental foramen region. Knowledge of the distances of mandibular canal to the outer cortical margins at this region of the mandible will be helpful for surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahrettin Kalabalik
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, IzmirTurkey
| | - Emre Aytuğar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, IzmirTurkey
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Reproducibility of CBCT image analysis: a clinical study on intrapersonal and interpersonal errors in bone structure determination. Oral Radiol 2018; 35:152-158. [PMID: 30484198 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-018-0340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For correct implant planning based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the bone contour must be accurately determined. Identification of the contour is difficult in bones with incomplete mineralization. In this clinical study, we investigated the intrapersonal and interpersonal reproducibilities of manual bone contour determination on CBCT images using a semi-automated computerized process. METHODS The bone surface level in the area of the socket in 20 patients who had undergone tooth extraction from the upper jaw at 10 ± 1 weeks previously was determined on CBCT images. Two investigators with different levels of experience determined the bone structure initially (T0) and repeated the procedure after 3 months (T1). The bone structure marked on CBCT images was converted into a surface data set. The resulting data sets were superimposed on one another. In the analyses, the shortest distances between the datasets were identified and measured. The average deviations were statistically evaluated. RESULTS The intrapersonal evaluation resulted in an average deviation of 0.18 mm across both investigators. The interpersonal analysis comparing the two investigators resulted in average deviations of 0.15 mm at T0 and 0.26 mm at T1. Significant differences were not found. CONCLUSIONS The low intrapersonal deviation indicates that the procedure has satisfactory reproducibility. All deviations were within the range of the selected resolution of the CBCT device. Application of a semi-automated procedure to detect the bone border in areas with incomplete mineralization is a predictable process. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform of the WHO: DRKS00004769, date of registration: 28 February 2013; and DRKS00005978, date of registration: 09 November 2015.
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Yadav S, Sachs E, Vishwanath M, Knecht K, Upadhyay M, Nanda R, Tadinada A. Gender and growth variation in palatal bone thickness and density for mini-implant placement. Prog Orthod 2018; 19:43. [PMID: 30393829 PMCID: PMC6215790 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-018-0241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective was to compare the palatal bone thickness (PBT) and palatal bone density (PBD) in the anterior, middle, and posterior part of the palate in males and females. METHODS This retrospective study reviewed cone beam computed tomography scans of 359 patients. The scans were divided into 99 growing males, 105 growing females, 74 non-growing males, and 81 non-growing females. The measurements of PBT and PBD were made in between the canine and first premolar, the first premolar and second premolar, the second premolar and first molar, and the first molar and second molar. The measurements were made in the center of the palate and 4 mm away from the center. ANOVA was used to analyze the PBT and PBD in different areas between four different groups. RESULTS The PBT was lower (P < 0.0001) as we moved from the anterior to the posterior palate. The PBT was more (P < 0.001) in the center of the palate than 4 mm away from the center, except in between the canine and first premolar. The growing male and non-growing male had higher (P < 0.0001) PBT than the growing female and non-growing female in between the canine and first premolar and the first premolar and second premolar both in the center and 4 mm away from it. The PBD was higher (P < 0.05) in between the canine and first premolar area at the center of the palate and between the second premolar and first molar 4 mm away from the center in all the experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS There exists a definite gender and growth variation in the PBT and PBD in different parts of the palate. Palatal bone thickness between the males and females revealed that the males had significantly higher PBT than the females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA. .,School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, L7062A MC1725, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
| | - Emily Sachs
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, L7062A MC1725, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Meenakshi Vishwanath
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Farmington, USA
| | | | - Madhur Upadhyay
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Ravindra Nanda
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Aditya Tadinada
- Division of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
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Zandi M, Shokri A, Mousavi M, Rajaei S, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N. Does zoledronate therapy make mandibular bone susceptible to fracture? A radiographical and biomechanical study in rats. Injury 2018; 49:1746-1749. [PMID: 30007517 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zoledronate therapy on susceptibility of mandibular bone to fracture in rats. METHODS Fifty rats were randomly allocated to two groups of 25 animals. The rats in group Z received monthly intravenous infusion of 0.06 mg/kg zoledronate for 6 months. The rats in the group C were injected with an equal volume of saline in the same manner. A month after the last zoledronate/saline administration, all 50 rats were euthanized. Using a cone beam computed tomography, the cortical thickness of inferior border of mandible and the mandibular bone mineral density were calculated, and using a three-point bending test, the peak load failure and the ultimate stress of mandibular bone were determined. RESULTS The mean mandibular inferior cortical bone thickness and the mean bone mineral density were significantly larger in zoledronate-treated rats (0.30 ± 0.02 mm and 1045.00 ± 185.79, respectively) compared to control rats (0.21 ± 0.01 mm and 878.66 ± 166.53, respectively). The peak load and the ultimate stress were lower in the zoledronate-treated hemimandibles (84.61 ± 33.62 N and 1.76 ± 0.72 MPa, respectively) compared to the control hemimandibles (98.36 ± 16.5 9 N and 2.03 ± 0.44 MPa, respectively). CONCLUSION Zoledronate therapy reduced the mechanical strength of the mandibles, implying an increased risk of mandibular fracture in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Shokri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Mousavi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Rajaei
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Shokri A, Ramezani L, Bidgoli M, Akbarzadeh M, Ghazikhanlu-Sani K, Fallahi-Sichani H. Effect of field-of-view size on gray values derived from cone-beam computed tomography compared with the Hounsfield unit values from multidetector computed tomography scans. Imaging Sci Dent 2018; 48:31-39. [PMID: 29581947 PMCID: PMC5863017 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2018.48.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effect of field-of-view (FOV) size on the gray values derived from conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) compared with the Hounsfield unit values from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans as the gold standard. Materials and Methods A radiographic phantom was designed with 4 acrylic cylinders. One cylinder was filled with distilled water, and the other 3 were filled with 3 types of bone substitute: namely, Nanobone, Cenobone, and Cerabone. The phantom was scanned with 2 CBCT systems using 2 different FOV sizes, and 1 MDCT system was used as the gold standard. The mean gray values (MGVs) of each cylinder were calculated in each imaging protocol. Results In both CBCT systems, significant differences were noted in the MGVs of all materials between the 2 FOV sizes (P<.05) except for Cerabone in the Cranex3D system. Significant differences were found in the MGVs of each material compared with the others in both FOV sizes for each CBCT system. No significant difference was seen between the Cranex3D CBCT system and the MDCT system in the MGVs of bone substitutes on images obtained with a small FOV. Conclusion The size of the FOV significantly changed the MGVs of all bone substitutes, except for Cerabone in the Cranex3D system. Both CBCT systems had the ability to distinguish the 3 types of bone substitutes based on a comparison of their MGVs. The Cranex3D CBCT system used with a small FOV had a significant correlation with MDCT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shokri
- Dental Implant Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Ramezani
- Dental Implant Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Bidgoli
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Ghazikhanlu-Sani
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Para Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamed Fallahi-Sichani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Li G, Qian H, Guo S, Wang D, Sun C, Du Y, Cheng J, Jiang H. Assessment of aging characteristics of female condylar trabecular structure by cone-beam computed tomography. Oral Radiol 2018; 35:16-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-018-0322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Quantification of Volumetric Bone Mineral Density of Proximal Femurs Using a Two-Compartment Model and Computed Tomography Images. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6284269. [PMID: 29682551 PMCID: PMC5848114 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6284269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is frequently used to measure the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in clinical practice. However, DXA measurements are affected by the bone thickness and the body size and are unable to indicate nonosseous areas within the trabecular bone. This study aims to quantify the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) using computed tomography (CT) images and the two-compartment model (TCM) methods. Methods The TCM method was proposed and validated by dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) phantoms and a standard forearm phantom. 28 cases with DXA scans and pelvic CT scans acquired within six months were retrospectively collected. The vBMD calculated by TCM was compared with the aBMD obtained from DXA. Results For the K2HPO4 phantoms with vBMD ranging from 0.135 to 0.467 g/cm3, the average difference between the real and calculated vBMD was 0.009 g/cm3 and the maximum difference was 0.019 g/cm3. For the standard forearm phantom with vBMD of 0.194, 0.103, and 0.054 g/cm3, the average differences between the real and calculated vBMD were 0.017, 0.014, and 0.011 g/cm3. In the clinical CT image validation, a good linear relationship between vBMD and aBMD was observed with the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.920 (p < 0.01). Conclusions The proposed TCM method in combination with the homemade cortical bone equivalent phantom provides accurate quantification and spatial distribution of bone mineral content.
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Puttaravuttiporn P, Wongsuwanlert M, Charoemratrote C, Lindauer SJ, Leethanakul C. Effect of incisal loading during orthodontic treatment in adults: A randomized control trial. Angle Orthod 2017; 88:35-44. [PMID: 29099236 DOI: 10.2319/071017-456.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the changes in tooth mobility, alveolar bone, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during orthodontic treatment to regain incisal function in the presence and absence of biting exercises. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six females (42.3 ± 6.5 years old) with periodontally compromised upper incisors received orthodontic treatment to obtain ideal incisor relationships. Eighteen subjects in the experimental biting exercise group were instructed to bite a soft plastic roll for 5 min/d; the 18 control subjects were not given plastic rolls. Alveolar bone thickness, height, and density around the upper incisors were assessed at three root levels using cone-beam computed tomography. GCF was collected at the labial and palatal sites of the upper incisors at pretreatment (T0), end of treatment (T1), 1 month after T1 (T2), and 7 months after T1 (T3). RANKL/OPG was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Labial and palatal bone thickness significantly increased (>twofold) from T1 to T3 in the experimental group at all three root levels (all P < .05). Bone thickness correlated negatively with RANKL/OPG ratio between T1 and T2 ( P < .05). Tooth mobility, bone height, and density were not significantly different between T1 and T3. CONCLUSIONS Biting exercises significantly increased bone thickness but did not affect tooth mobility, bone height, or density. The RANKL/OPG ratio decreased 1 month after treatment (T2) and correlated with increased bone thickness. ( ClinicalTrials.in.th TCTR20170625001).
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Rios HF, Borgnakke WS, Benavides E. The Use of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Management of Patients Requiring Dental Implants: An American Academy of Periodontology Best Evidence Review. J Periodontol 2017; 88:946-959. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.160548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hector F. Rios
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wenche S. Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Erika Benavides
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI
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Martelli SJR, Damian MF, Gomes APN, Schinestsck AR, Silva AER, Vasconcelos ACU. Comparison of effects of zoledronic acid and clodronate on the bone structure: imaginological and histomorphometrical study in vivo. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:632-636. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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England GM, Moon ES, Roth J, Deguchi T, Firestone AR, Beck FM, Kim DG. Conditions and calibration to obtain comparable grey values between different clinical cone beam computed tomography scanners. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016; 46:20160322. [PMID: 27844482 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20160322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to examine the grey value parameters and their magnitudes produced by CBCT and whether they are influenced by different scanners with various scanning conditions. METHODS An ATOM Max dental and diagnostic artificial head was scanned by two CBCT scanners (Planmeca and iCAT). Under full field of view with normal dose and ultralow-dose (ULD) conditions, the Planmeca scanner was examined for three scanning resolutions (200, 400, and 600 micron voxel sizes) and the iCAT scanner was tested for four scanning resolutions (200, 250, 300 and 400 micron voxel sizes). After 9 weeks, the artificial head was scanned again by the Planmeca scanner with the same scanning conditions. In addition, two hydroxyapatite phantoms (1220 and 1540 mg cm-3) were adhered on the artificial head and scanned using normal and ULD scanning conditions of 400 micron voxel size with both scanners. The grey value histogram of each region, which is proportional to the bone mineral density (BMD) histogram, was utilized to determine grey value distribution parameters and compare scanners (ANOVA, p < 0.05). RESULTS The different scanning conditions and the bilateral locations of the artificial head did not have significant effects on measurements of the grey value parameters (p > 0.436) with excellent repeatability. However, the iCAT scanner produced significantly different grey values from the Planmeca scanner (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CBCT can assess BMD, while calibration of absolute measures is necessary to obtain comparable values between different scanners that are currently used to assess oral bone quantity and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M England
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eun-Sang Moon
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan Roth
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Toru Deguchi
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Allen R Firestone
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - F Michael Beck
- 2 Division of Oral Bioscience, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Spin-Neto R, Matzen LH, Schropp L, Gotfredsen E, Wenzel A. Detection of patient movement during CBCT examination using video observation compared with an accelerometer-gyroscope tracking system. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016; 46:20160289. [PMID: 27786564 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20160289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare video observation (VO) with a novel three-dimensional registration method, based on an accelerometer-gyroscope (AG) system, to detect patient movement during CBCT examination. The movements were further analyzed according to complexity and patient age. METHODS In 181 patients (118 females/63 males; age average 30 years, range: 9-84 years), 206 CBCT examinations were performed, which were video-recorded during examination. An AG was, at the same time, attached to the patient head to track head position in three dimensions. Three observers scored patient movement (yes/no) by VO. AG provided movement data on the x-, y- and z-axes. Thresholds for AG-based registration were defined at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm (movement distance). Movement detected by VO was compared with that registered by AG, according to movement complexity (uniplanar vs multiplanar, as defined by AG) and patient age (≤15, 16-30 and ≥31 years). RESULTS According to AG, movement ≥0.5 mm was present in 160 (77.7%) examinations. According to VO, movement was present in 46 (22.3%) examinations. One VO-detected movement was not registered by AG. Overall, VO did not detect 71.9% of the movements registered by AG at the 0.5-mm threshold. At a movement distance ≥4 mm, 20% of the AG-registered movements were not detected by VO. Multiplanar movements such as lateral head rotation (72.1%) and nodding/swallowing (52.6%) were more often detected by VO in comparison with uniplanar movements, such as head lifting (33.6%) and anteroposterior translation (35.6%), at the 0.5-mm threshold. The prevalence of patients who move was highest in patients younger than 16 years (64.3% for VO and 92.3% for AG-based registration at the 0.5-mm threshold). CONCLUSIONS AG-based movement registration resulted in a higher prevalence of patient movement during CBCT examination than VO-based registration. Also, AG-registered multiplanar movements were more frequently detected by VO than uniplanar movements. The prevalence of patients who move was highest in patients younger than 16 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Spin-Neto
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louise H Matzen
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Schropp
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik Gotfredsen
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ann Wenzel
- Section of Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
Few studies involving human participants have been conducted to investigate the effect of orthodontic treatment on alveolar bone density around the teeth. Our previous study revealed that patients who received 6 months of active orthodontic treatment exhibited an ∼24% decrease in alveolar bone density around the teeth. However, after an extensive retention period following orthodontic treatment, whether the bone density around the teeth can recover to its original state from before the treatment remains unclear, thus warranting further investigation.The purpose of this study was to assess the bone density changes around the teeth before, during, and after orthodontic treatment.Dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the changes in bone density around 6 teeth in the anterior maxilla (maxilla central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines) of 8 patients before and after orthodontic treatment. Each patient underwent 3 dental CBCT scans: before treatment (T0); at the end of 7 months of active orthodontic treatment (T1); after several months (20-22 months) of retention (T2). The Friedman test was applied to evaluate the changes in the alveolar bone density around the teeth according to the 3 dental CBCT scans.From T0 to T1, a significant reduction in bone density was observed around the teeth (23.36 ± 10.33%); by contrast, a significant increase was observed from T1 to T2 (31.81 ± 23.80%). From the perspective of the overall orthodontic treatment, comparing the T0 and T2 scans revealed that the bone density around the teeth was relatively constant (a reduction of only 0.75 ± 19.85%). The results of the statistical test also confirmed that the difference in bone density between T0 and T2 was nonsignificant.During orthodontic tooth movement, the alveolar bone density around the teeth was reduced. However, after a period of bone recovery, the reduced bone density recovered to its previous state from before the orthodontic treatment. However, the bone density around ∼10% of the teeth in this region could not recover to 80% of its state from before the orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Yu
- From the School of Dentistry (J-HY, H-LH, C-FL, J-TH), College of Medicine China Medical University, Taichung; Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering (H-LH, J-TH), Asia University, Taichung; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences (JW), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Institute of Environmental Health (Y-FL), China Medical University; and Department of Biomedical Engineering (M-TT), Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Spin-Neto R, Matzen LH, Schropp L, Gotfredsen E, Wenzel A. Movement characteristics in young patients and the impact on CBCT image quality. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016; 45:20150426. [PMID: 26915407 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20150426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess patient movement characteristics in children and young adults and the impact on CBCT image quality. METHODS During 33 CBCT examinations, the patients (age: average, 14 years; range, 9-25 years) who had moved were identified by video observation [movement group (MG)]. The CBCT data sets were matched with those of 33 non-moving patients according to age, diagnostic task, examined region, field of view and voxel resolution [non-movement group (N-MG)]. Three observers scored the videos of MG, regarding motional state second by second (moving/non-moving), and movement characteristics: duration (in seconds), complexity (uniplanar or multiplanar) and distance (<3/≥3 ≤ 10/>10 mm). The observers blindly assessed axial sections of the 66 examinations individually, categorizing the image quality (appropriate/acceptable/inappropriate). Next, the observers blindly assessed axial sections of the matched-pairs images simultaneously, deciding which image in the pair had the highest image quality or if it was impossible to decide. The relationship between image quality and movement/movement characteristics was evaluated. RESULTS When the 66 CBCT images were evaluated individually, no relationship between image quality and movement was found. However, based on the matched-pairs assessment, accumulated number (≤2 vs ≥3, p = 0.039), duration (≤5 s vs ≥6 s, p = 0.024) and complexity (uniplanar vs multiplanar, p = 0.046) of movements had an impact on image quality; the more severe the movement, the more often the image quality was assessed lower in the MG. CONCLUSIONS Axial CBCT images of young patients who moved during examination did not always present lower quality than images originating from non-moving patients. Image quality was, however, significantly lower in the moving patients when movement occurred several times, had a long duration or was multiplanar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubens Spin-Neto
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louise H Matzen
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Schropp
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik Gotfredsen
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ann Wenzel
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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50
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Ray TJ, McGraw WS, Sun Z, Jeon M, Johnson T, Cheffins K, Daegling DJ, Kim DG. Mandibular bone mineral density variation in three West African Cercopithecoid monkey species: Associations with diet and feeding behavior. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1714-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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