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Luo L, Ye J, Shao C, Lin Y, Sun Y, Feng S, Wang W, Zhong B. Vitamin D Status Presents Different Relationships with Severity in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Patients with or without Hepatitis B Infection. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102114. [PMID: 35631255 PMCID: PMC9147199 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether the associations between serum vitamin D (VitD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) vary with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection has not been well established. This study aims to investigate the relationships between serum VitD and metabolism, liver fat content (LFC) and fibrosis among MAFLD patients with and without CHB. Consecutive subjects (healthy controls: 360, CHB: 684, MAFLD: 521, CHB with MAFLD: 206) were prospectively enrolled between January 2015 and December 2021. Anthropometric, laboratory, imaging, and histological evaluations were conducted, with LFC measured via magnetic resonance imaging-based proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF). Serum VitD levels were lower in MAFLD patients than in healthy controls and patients with CHB alone or overlapping with MAFLD (24.4 ± 8.1 vs. 29.0 ± 9.5 vs. 27.4 ± 9.6 vs. 26.8 ± 8.4 ng/mL respectively; p < 0.001 in one-way ANOVA test). After adjusting for confounding factors, including season, hypersensitive C-reactive protein, insulin resistance, liver stiffness measurements, sun exposure, exercise and dietary intake, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that VitD remained significantly negatively correlated with LFC in MAFLD patients (β = −0.38, p < 0.001), but not in CHB with MAFLD patients. Moreover, quantile regression models also demonstrated that lower VitD tertiles were inversely associated with the risk of insulin resistance and moderate−severe steatosis in the MAFLD group (p for trend <0.05) but not in the MAFLD with CHB group. VitD deficiency was associated with the severity of metabolic abnormalities and steatosis independent of lifestyle factors in MAFLD-alone subjects but not in MAFLD with CHB subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Junzhao Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Congxiang Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yansong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanhong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The East Division of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Shiting Feng
- Department of Radiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Bihui Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (L.L.); (J.Y.); (C.S.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8776-6335
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Hajhashemy Z, Shahdadian F, Moslemi E, Mirenayat FS, Saneei P. Serum vitamin D levels in relation to metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13223. [PMID: 33829636 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies examined the association of serum vitamin D with metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the findings were inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to quantify the association between blood vitamin D levels and MetS in adults. A systematic search up to December 2020 was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), ISI (Web of Science), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for epidemiological studies that assessed the relation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (as the exposure) and MetS (as the outcome) in adults. Eligible cross-sectional studies were restricted to those with representative populations. Finally, 43 studies were included in the analysis (38 cross-sectional, one nested case-control, and four cohorts studies). Combining 41 effect sizes from 38 cross-sectional studies included 298,187 general adult population revealed that the highest level of serum vitamin D, compared with the lowest level, was significantly related to a 43% decreased odds of MetS in developed countries (odds ratio [OR]: 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49-0.65) and 40% in developing countries (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.52-0.70). Linear dose-response analysis (including 222,175 healthy individuals and 39,308 MetS patients) revealed that each 25 nmol/L increase in serum vitamin D level was significantly associated with a 15% decreased odds of MetS (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80-0.91); however, we found no significant nonlinear association. Meta-analysis of five prospective studies with 11,019 participants revealed no significant relation (relative risk [RR]: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.37-1.32). This meta-analysis indicated an inverse association between serum vitamin D concentrations and risk of MetS in general adult populations in cross-sectional studies in a dose-response manner. However, no significant association was found in a small number of cohorts. More prospective studies are needed to confirm the causality of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajhashemy
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Shahdadian
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Moslemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fateme Sadat Mirenayat
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Lim HS, Byun DW, Suh KI, Park HK, Kim HJ, Kim TH, Lee HH. Is There a Difference in Serum Vitamin D Levels and Bone Mineral Density According to Body Mass Index in Young Adult Women? J Bone Metab 2019; 26:145-150. [PMID: 31555611 PMCID: PMC6746663 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2019.26.3.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the life cycle, bone mineral density (BMD) is the most optimal condition in the 20s. In Korea, vitamin D deficiency status is very serious in Korean women due to recent lack of activity, weight polarization, and inadequate nutritional intake. The purpose of this study was to compare serum vitamin D and BMD according to obesity status in Korean young adult women. Methods A total of 143 female college students participated in the research. Body fat and lean body status were analyzed using a body composition analyzer. Nutrient intakes of the subjects were assessed by 3-days food record method. The BMDs was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The subjects were divided into normal weight group and obesity group on their body mass index. Results Obesity group showed significantly higher weight, body fat (%), and body fat (kg) than normal weight group and T-scores of lumbar-2 spines were significantly lower. Obesity group showed high triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and vitamin D levels were significantly lower. Physical fitness and activity status showed that sit and reach and sit up were significantly lower in obesity group. The intake of carbohydrates was higher in the obesity group than in the normal weight group, and the intake of vitamin C and vitamin D was significantly lower. Factors affecting serum vitamin D were analyzed as body fat (%), lumbar-2 T-score, triglyceride, and carbohydrate intake. Conclusions Obese women need more effort to manage their serum vitamin D status and balanced nutrition to prevent bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeonsung University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Dong Won Byun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyo Il Suh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hae-Hyeog Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Gotlieb N, Tachlytski I, Lapidot Y, Sultan M, Safran M, Ben-Ari Z. Hepatitis B virus downregulates vitamin D receptor levels in hepatoma cell lines, thereby preventing vitamin D-dependent inhibition of viral transcription and production. Mol Med 2018; 24:53. [PMID: 30326825 PMCID: PMC6192355 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is a key immune-modulator that plays a role in the innate and adaptive immune systems. Certain pathogens impair the immune defense by downregulating the vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway. Low serum levels of vitamin D are associated with increased hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Our study aimed to assess the in-vitro relationship between HBV production and Vitamin D signaling pathway and to explore the associated mechanism(s). Methods HBV transcription and replication was evaluated by qRT-PCR of the HBV-RNA and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Furthermore, we have transfected the 1.3 X HBV-Luc plasmid to the cells and measured the Luciferase activity using Luminometer. Vitamin D signaling pathway activation was evaluated by measuring the expression levels of VDR, CYP24A1, Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and cathelicidin (CAMP) by qRT-PCR. All assays were performed on HepG2.2.15, HepG2, and HepAD38 cells treated with or without Vitamin D active metabolite: calcitriol. Results Calcitriol did not suppress HBV transcription, cccDNA expression or HBV RNA levels in HepG2.2.15 cells. However, VDR transcript levels in HepG2.215 cells were significantly lower compared to HepG2 cells. Similar results were obtained in HepAD38 cell where VDR expression was down-regulated when HBV transcript level was up-regulated. In addition, calcitriol induced VDR-associated signaling, resulting in upregulation of CYP24A1, TNFα and CAMP expression level in HepG2 cells but not in the HepG2.2.15 cells. Conclusions These findings indicate that VDR expression is downregulated in HBV-transfected cells, thereby preventing vitamin D from inhibiting transcription and translation of HBV in vitro. HBV might use this mechanism to avoid the immunological defense system by affecting both TNFα and CAMP signaling pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s10020-018-0055-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neta Gotlieb
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Irena Tachlytski
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yelena Lapidot
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Sultan
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Safran
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ziv Ben-Ari
- Liver Reaserch Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,Liver Disease Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52620, Ramat Gan, Israel. .,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Nutraceutical Approach to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): The Available Clinical Evidence. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091153. [PMID: 30142943 PMCID: PMC6163782 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by lipid infiltration of the liver, highly prevalent in the general population affecting 25% of adults, with a doubled prevalence in diabetic and obese patients. Almost 1/3 of NAFLD evolves in Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis (NASH), and this can lead to fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. However, the main causes of mortality of patients with NAFLD are cardiovascular diseases. At present, there are no specific drugs approved on the market for the treatment of NAFLD, and the treatment is essentially based on optimization of lifestyle. However, some nutraceuticals could contribute to the improvement of lipid infiltration of the liver and of the related anthropometric, haemodynamic, and/or biochemical parameters. The aim of this paper is to review the available clinical data on the effect of nutraceuticals on NAFLD and NAFLD-related parameters. Relatively few nutraceutical molecules have been adequately studied for their effects on NAFLD. Among these, we have analysed in detail the effects of silymarin, vitamin E, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series, astaxanthin, coenzyme Q10, berberine, curcumin, resveratrol, extracts of Salvia milthiorriza, and probiotics. In conclusion, Silymarin, vitamin E and vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 series, coenzyme Q10, berberine and curcumin, if well dosed and administered for medium–long periods, and associated to lifestyle changes, could exert positive effects on NAFLD and NAFLD-related parameters.
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Bakke D, Chatterjee I, Agrawal A, Dai Y, Sun J. Regulation of Microbiota by Vitamin D Receptor: A Nuclear Weapon in Metabolic Diseases. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR RESEARCH 2018; 5. [PMID: 30828578 PMCID: PMC6392192 DOI: 10.11131/2018/101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a multi-faceted disease. The microbiota, as a newly discovered organ, contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic syndrome. Recent studies have demonstrated that nuclear receptors play critical roles in metabolic diseases. In the current review, we discuss the general role of the microbiome in health and metabolic syndrome. We summarize the functions of the nuclear receptor vitamin D receptor (VDR) in metabolism. The focus of this review is the novel roles of vitamin D/VDR signaling in regulating inflammation and the microbiome, especially in obesity. Furthermore, we extend our discussion of potential gut-liver axis mediated by VDR signaling and microbiota in obesity. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Insights into nuclear receptors in metabolism and metabolic diseases will allow us to develop new strategies for fighting metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika Bakke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Ishita Chatterjee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Annika Agrawal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.,Hinsdale Central High School, 5500 S Grant St, Hinsdale, IL 60521, USA
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering/College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
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Trovato FM, Castrogiovanni P, Szychlinska MA, Purrello F, Musumeci G. Impact of Western and Mediterranean Diets and Vitamin D on Muscle Fibers of Sedentary Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020231. [PMID: 29462978 PMCID: PMC5852807 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome is associated with sarcopenia. Decreased serum levels of Vitamin D (VitD) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and their mutual relationship were also reported. We aimed to evaluate whether different dietary profiles, containing or not VitD, may exert different effects on muscle molecular morphology. Methods: Twenty-eight male rats were fed for 10 weeks in order to detect early defects induced by different dietary regimens: regular diet (R); regular diet with vitamin D supplementation (R-DS) and regular diet with vitamin D restriction (R-DR); high-fat butter-based diets (HFB-DS and HFB-DR) with 41% energy from fat; high-fat extra-virgin olive oil-based diets (HFEVO-DS and HFEVO-DR) with 41% energy from fat. IL-1β, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)1, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), and VitD-receptor (VDR) expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Muscle fiber perimeter was measured by histology and morphometric analysis. Results: The muscle fibers of the HEVO-DS rats were hypertrophic, comparable to those of the R-DS rats. An inverse correlation existed between the dietary fat content and the perimeter of the muscle fibers (p < 0.01). In the HFB-DR rats, the muscle fibers appeared hypotrophic with an increase of IL-1β and a dramatic decrease of IGF-1 expression. Conclusions: High-fat western diet could impair muscle metabolism and lay the ground for subsequent muscle damage. VitD associated with a Mediterranean diet showed trophic action on the muscle fibers.
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MESH Headings
- Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
- Animals
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Diet, Mediterranean
- Diet, Western/adverse effects
- Hypertrophy
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Interleukin-1beta/metabolism
- Male
- Models, Animal
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Nutritional Status
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Calcitriol/agonists
- Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism
- Sedentary Behavior
- Time Factors
- Vitamin D/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maria Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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