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Lan XQ, Deng CJ, Wang QQ, Zhao LM, Jiao BW, Xiang Y. The role of TGF-β signaling in muscle atrophy, sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 353:114513. [PMID: 38604437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle, comprising a significant proportion (40 to 50 percent) of total body weight in humans, plays a critical role in maintaining normal physiological conditions. Muscle atrophy occurs when the rate of protein degradation exceeds protein synthesis. Sarcopenia refers to age-related muscle atrophy, while cachexia represents a more complex form of muscle wasting associated with various diseases such as cancer, heart failure, and AIDS. Recent research has highlighted the involvement of signaling pathways, including IGF1-Akt-mTOR, MuRF1-MAFbx, and FOXO, in regulating the delicate balance between muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. Myostatin, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, negatively regulates muscle growth and promotes muscle atrophy by activating Smad2 and Smad3. It also interacts with other signaling pathways in cachexia and sarcopenia. Inhibition of myostatin has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for sarcopenia and cachexia. Additionally, other TGF-β family members, such as TGF-β1, activin A, and GDF11, have been implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Furthermore, myostatin cooperates with these family members to impair muscle differentiation and contribute to muscle loss. This review provides an overview of the significance of myostatin and other TGF-β signaling pathway members in muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia, and cachexia. It also discusses potential novel therapeutic strategies targeting myostatin and TGF-β signaling for the treatment of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiang Lan
- Metabolic Control and Aging Group, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Qi-Quan Wang
- Metabolic Control and Aging Group, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li-Min Zhao
- Senescence and Cancer Group, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bao-Wei Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Metabolic Control and Aging Group, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China.
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Lee JH, Kim HJ, Han S, Park SJ, Sim M, Lee KH. Reliability and Agreement Assessment of Sarcopenia Diagnosis through Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:899. [PMID: 38732314 PMCID: PMC11083379 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A unified diagnostic criterion has yet to be established for sarcopenia. Therefore, we analyzed the reliability and validity of sarcopenia diagnosis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) compared with the gold standard, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and evaluated the predictive accuracy of BIA for diagnosis. The clinical trial, involving a total of 239 participants, was conducted between December 2018 and September 2019 on healthy volunteers without significant medical histories. The participants underwent health assessments, followed by sequential DEXA and BIA measurements. In both the low and normal appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) groups, there were significant differences in the right arm, left arm, right leg, left leg, ASM, and ASM index (ASMI) between DEXA and BIA across all age groups (p < 0.05). BIA tended to overestimate compared to DEXA, but ASMI values for males and females were consistent with the criteria for sarcopenia. Bland-Altman analysis showed that each segment in both the low and normal ASM groups fell within the limits of agreement (LOA). The diagnosis of sarcopenia using BIA was significantly different from that using DEXA. However, it exhibited a significantly high correlation, fell within the LOA, and demonstrated high predictive accuracy. BIA can be considered an effective tool for diagnosing sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (J.H.L.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (J.H.L.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Sanghun Han
- MEDIANA Co., Ltd., Wonju 26365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.J.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Seong Jun Park
- MEDIANA Co., Ltd., Wonju 26365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.J.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Myongheon Sim
- MEDIANA Co., Ltd., Wonju 26365, Republic of Korea; (S.H.); (S.J.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea; (J.H.L.); (H.J.K.)
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Bécam J, Ropars G, Dwiri FA, Brunaud C, Toutain J, Chazalviel L, Naveau M, Valable S, Bernaudin M, Touzani O, Pérès EA. Physical Activity Attenuates Brain Irradiation-Associated Skeletal Muscle Damage in the Rat. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:1081-1093. [PMID: 37866760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy for brain tumors increases patient survival. Nonetheless, side effects are increasingly reported such as cognitive deficits and fatigue. The etiology of fatigue remains poorly described. Our hypothesis is that the abscopal effects of radiation therapy on skeletal muscle may be involved in fatigue. The present study aims to assess the effect of brain irradiation on skeletal muscles and its relationship with fatigue and to analyze whether physical activity could counteract brain radiation-induced side effects. METHODS AND MATERIALS Adult Wistar rats were randomly distributed between 4 groups: control (CTL), irradiated (IR), nonirradiated with physical activity (PA), and irradiated with physical activity (IR+PA). IR rats were exposed to a whole-brain irradiation (WBI) of 30 Gy (3 × 10 Gy). Rats subjected to PA underwent sessions of running on a treadmill, 3 times/week for 6 months. The effects of WBI on muscles were evaluated by complementary approaches: behavioral tests (fatigue, locomotion activity), magnetic resonance imaging, and histologic analyses. RESULTS IR rats displayed a significant fatigue and a reduced locomotor activity at short term compared with the CTL group, which were attenuated with PA at 6 months after WBI. The IR rat's gastrocnemius mass decreased compared with CTL rats, which was reversed by physical activity at 14 days after WBI. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the skeletal muscle highlighted an alteration of the fiber organization in IR rats as demonstrated by a significant decrease of the mean diffusivity in the gastrocnemius at short term. Alteration of fibers was confirmed by histologic analyses: the number of type I fibers was decreased, whereas that of type IIa fibers was increased in IR animals but not in the IR+PA group. CONCLUSIONS The data show that WBI induces skeletal muscle damage, which is attenuated by PA. This muscle damage may explain, at least in part, the fatigue of patients treated with radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bécam
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Gwenn Ropars
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Fatima-Azzahra Dwiri
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Carole Brunaud
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Toutain
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Laurent Chazalviel
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, INSERM, CEA, Normandie Université, UAR3408/US50, Cyceron, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Samuel Valable
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Myriam Bernaudin
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Omar Touzani
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Elodie Anne Pérès
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France.
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Boualam K, Ibork H, Lahboub Z, Sobeh M, Taghzouti K. Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds. and Salvia officinalis L. hydrosols mitigate aging related comorbidities in rats. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1365086. [PMID: 38464467 PMCID: PMC10920217 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1365086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging is often linked to oxidative stress, where the body experiences increased damage from free radicals. Plants are rich sources of antioxidants, playing a role in slowing down aging and supporting the proper functioning and longevity of cells. Our study focuses on exploring the impact of Mentha rotundifolia (MR) and Salvia officinalis (SO) hydrosols on aging-related comorbidities. Methods The chemical composition of MR and SO hydrosols was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. 2,2-Diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,20-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radicals scavenging assays were used to assess their in vitro antioxidant activity, and heat induced albumin denaturation test was used to evaluate their anti-inflammatory activity. Subsequently, we administered 5% of each plant hydrosol in the drinking water of 18-month-old rats for six months. We then conducted behavioral tests, including open field, dark/light box, rotarod, and Y-maze assessments, and measured biochemical parameters in plasma, liver and brain tissues. Results and discussion At two years old, animals treated with MR and SO hydrosols displayed fewer physical and behavioral impairments, along with well-preserved redox homeostasis in comparison with animals in the control group. These results highlighted the significance of MR and SO hydrosols in addressing various aspects of age-related comorbidities. The study suggests that these plant-derived hydrosols may have potential applications in promoting healthy aging and mitigating associated health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Boualam
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hind Ibork
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Lahboub
- Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis Team, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Khalid Taghzouti
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Ikeda D, Fujita S, Toda K, Yaginuma Y, Kan-no N, Watabe S. Cold-induced muscle atrophy in zebrafish: Insights from swimming activity and gene expression analysis. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101570. [PMID: 37965068 PMCID: PMC10641114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation into the effects of cold acclimation on fish skeletal muscle function and its potential implications for muscle atrophy is of great interest to us. This study examines how rearing zebrafish at low temperatures affects their locomotor activity and the expression of genes associated with muscle atrophy. Zebrafish were exposed to temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 25 °C, and their swimming distance was measured. The expression levels of important muscle atrophy genes, Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, were also evaluated. Our findings show that swimming activity significantly decreases when the water temperature ranges from 10 °C to 15 °C, indicating a decrease in voluntary movement. Additionally, gene expression analysis shows a significant increase in the expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1 at 10 °C. This up-regulation could lead to muscle atrophy caused by decreased activity in cold temperatures. To investigate the effects of exercise on reducing muscle atrophy, we subjected zebrafish to forced swimming at a temperature of 8 °C for ten days. This treatment significantly reduced the expression of Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, emphasizing the importance of muscle stimulation in preventing muscle atrophy in zebrafish. These findings suggest that zebrafish can serve as a valuable model organism for studying muscle atrophy and can be utilized in drug screening for muscle atrophy-related disorders. Cold-reared zebrafish provide a practical and ethical approach to inducing disuse muscle atrophy, providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for addressing skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ikeda
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Seina Fujita
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kaito Toda
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yuma Yaginuma
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kan-no
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Shugo Watabe
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
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Agrawal S, Chakole S, Shetty N, Prasad R, Lohakare T, Wanjari M. Exploring the Role of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Mechanisms and Implications. Cureus 2023; 15:e42178. [PMID: 37602126 PMCID: PMC10439769 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a complex physiological process characterized by progressive muscle mass and strength loss. It is associated with various health conditions, including aging, disease, and certain diseases. Emerging research has indicated that oxidative stress plays a significant role in developing and progressing skeletal muscle atrophy. This review article explores the mechanisms by which oxidative stress influences skeletal muscle atrophy and its implications for potential therapeutic interventions. The review begins by providing an overview of skeletal muscle atrophy and the current understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the intricate balance between protein degradation and synthesis pathways. Subsequently, the concept of oxidative stress is introduced, discussing its sources and the intricate redox signaling pathways present in skeletal muscle cells. This review's main focus is exploring the multifaceted role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle atrophy. The detrimental effects of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production on cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), are discussed. In addition, the impact of oxidative stress on key signaling pathways involved in muscle wasting, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, is examined. Furthermore, the review highlights the implications of oxidative stress in modulating muscle regeneration and the importance of redox balance in maintaining muscle health. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress, such as antioxidant supplementation, exercise interventions, and pharmacological approaches, are also discussed. In conclusion, this review comprehensively explains the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and skeletal muscle atrophy. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and discussing potential therapeutic interventions, this review aims to contribute to the development of novel strategies for mitigating muscle wasting and improving overall muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Agrawal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swarupa Chakole
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nidhi Shetty
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Tejaswee Lohakare
- Child Health Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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7
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Changes in aquaporins expression due to acute water restriction in naturally aging mice. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:71-81. [PMID: 36127549 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels in the cell membrane that regulate osmosis in response to rapid changes in intracellular and extracellular fluid concentration caused by extrinsic factors. While there are so many studies on the association of AQPs with muscular atrophy, sarcopenia, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the expression of AQP has not been verified in naturally aging mice or humans. Notably, due to the characteristics of AQPs, the difference in function cannot be evaluated without extrinsic factors such as acute water restriction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in AQPs expression and function due to natural aging under acute water restriction conditions in aging mice. The expression of AQP4 was shown to decrease with aging similar to previous studies. However, for the first time, this study results confirmed that AQP1 expression increased in aging mice. In addition, the expression of Aqp1 decreased in the acute water restricted group compared to the control group after acute water restriction in aging mice. These results suggest that although the expression of AQP1 increases with aging, its function is reduced. We also confirmed that overexpression of Aqp1 can inhibit myotube differentiation and that knockdown can promote myotube differentiation through in vitro experiments. In conclusion, based on our results, we suggest that the AQP1 is an important factor in sarcopenia caused by natural aging accompanied by chronic dehydration.
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8
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Ichii S, Matsuoka I, Okazaki F, Shimada Y. Zebrafish Models for Skeletal Muscle Senescence: Lessons from Cell Cultures and Rodent Models. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238625. [PMID: 36500717 PMCID: PMC9739860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human life expectancy has markedly increased over the past hundred years. Consequently, the percentage of elderly people is increasing. Aging and sarcopenic changes in skeletal muscles not only reduce locomotor activities in elderly people but also increase the chance of trauma, such as bone fractures, and the incidence of other diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, due to reduced physical activity. Exercise therapy is currently the only treatment and prevention approach for skeletal muscle aging. In this review, we aimed to summarize the strategies for modeling skeletal muscle senescence in cell cultures and rodents and provide future perspectives based on zebrafish models. In cell cultures, in addition to myoblast proliferation and myotube differentiation, senescence induction into differentiated myotubes is also promising. In rodents, several models have been reported that reflect the skeletal muscle aging phenotype or parts of it, including the accelerated aging models. Although there are fewer models of skeletal muscle aging in zebrafish than in mice, various models have been reported in recent years with the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and further advancements in the field using zebrafish models are expected in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Ichii
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Izumi Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Okazaki
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-592-31-5411
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Cicek F, Tastekin B, Baldan I, Tokus M, Pelit A, Ocal I, Gunay I, Ogur HU, Cicek H. Effect of 40 Hz Magnetic Field Application in Posttraumatic Muscular Atrophy Development on Muscle Mass and Contractions in Rats. Bioelectromagnetics 2022; 43:453-461. [PMID: 36477897 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy refers to the deterioration of muscle tissue due to a long-term decrease in muscle function. In the present study, we simulated rectus femoris muscle atrophy experimentally and investigated the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) application on the atrophy development through muscle mass, maximal contraction force, and contraction-relaxation time. A quadriceps tendon rupture with a total tenotomy was created on the rats' hind limbs, inhibiting knee extension for 6 weeks, and this restriction of the movement led to the development of disuse atrophy, while the control group underwent no surgery. The operated and control groups were divided into subgroups according to PEMF application (1.5 mT for 45 days) or no PEMF. All groups were sacrificed after 6 weeks and had their entire rectus femoris removed. To measure the contraction force, the muscles were placed in an organ bath connected to a transducer. As a result of the atrophy, muscle mass and strength were reduced in the operated group, while no muscle mass loss was observed in the operated PEMF group. Furthermore, measurements of single, incomplete and full tetanic contraction force and contraction time (CT) did not change significantly in the operated group that received the PEMF application. The PEMF application prevented atrophy resulting from 6 weeks of immobility, according to the contraction parameters. The effects of PEMF on contraction force and CT provide a basis for further studies in which PEMF is investigated as a noninvasive therapy for disuse atrophy development. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Cicek
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Bora Tastekin
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Baldan
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Murat Tokus
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Aykut Pelit
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Isil Ocal
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ismail Gunay
- Department of Biophysics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hasan U Ogur
- Adana City Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hakan Cicek
- Adana City Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics, Adana, Turkey
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Saud Gany SL, Tan JK, Chin KY, Hakimi NH, Ab Rani N, Ihsan N, Makpol S. Untargeted muscle tissue metabolites profiling in young, adult, and old rats supplemented with tocotrienol-rich fraction. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1008908. [PMID: 36310588 PMCID: PMC9616602 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1008908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The greatest significant influence on human life span and health is inevitable ageing. One of the distinguishing characteristics of ageing is the gradual decrease of muscle mass and physical function. There has been growing evidence that tocotrienol can guard against age-associated chronic diseases and metabolic disorders. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on muscle metabolomes and metabolic pathways in ageing Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Three months, 9 months, and 21 months old male SD rats were divided into control and treated groups with 10 rats per group. Rats in control and treated groups were given 60 mg/kg body weight/day of palm olein and 60 mg/kg body weight/day of TRF, respectively, via oral gavage for 3 months. Muscle performance was assessed at 0 and 3 months of treatment by measuring muscle strength and function. Our results showed that TRF treatment caused a significant increase in the swimming time of the young rats. Comparison in the control groups showed that metabolites involved in lipid metabolisms such as L-palmitoyl carnitine and decanoyl carnitine were increased in ageing. In contrast, several metabolites, such as 3-phosphoglyceric acid, aspartic acid and aspartyl phenylalanine were decreased. These findings indicated that muscle metabolomes involved in lipid metabolism were upregulated in aged rats. In contrast, the metabolites involved in energy and amino acid metabolism were significantly downregulated. Comparison in the TRF-supplemented groups showed an upregulation of metabolites involved in energy and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites such as N6-methyl adenosine, spermine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, aspartic acid, histidine, and N-acetyl neuraminic acid were up-regulated, indicating promotion of amino acid synthesis and muscle regeneration. Energy metabolism was also improved in adult and old rats with TRF supplementation as indicated by the upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glycerol 3-phosphate compared to the control group. In conclusion, the mechanism underlying the changes in skeletal muscle mass and functions in ageing was related to carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism. Tocotrienol supplementation showed beneficial effects in alleviating energy and amino acid synthesis that may promote the regeneration and renewal of skeletal muscle in ageing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Liyana Saud Gany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Haleeda Hakimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazirah Ab Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Suzana Makpol,
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11
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Effects of lifelong spontaneous exercise on skeletal muscle and angiogenesis in super-aged mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263457. [PMID: 35976884 PMCID: PMC9384990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing awareness of sarcopenia, which is characterized by a concomitant decrease in skeletal muscle mass and quality due to aging. Resistance exercise is considered more effective than aerobic exercise in terms of therapeutic exercise. To confirm the effect of long-term aerobic exercise in preventing sarcopenia, we evaluated the skeletal muscle mass, quality, and angiogenic capacity of super-aged mice that had undergone lifelong spontaneous exercise (LSE) through various experiments. Our findings show that LSE could maintain skeletal muscle mass, quality, and fitness levels in super-aged mice. In addition, ex vivo experiments showed that the angiogenic capacity was maintained at a high level. However, these results were not consistent with the related changes in the expression of genes and/or proteins involved in protein synthesis or angiogenesis. Based on the results of previous studies, it seems certain that the expression at the molecular level does not represent the phenotypes of skeletal muscle and angiogenesis. This is because aging and long-term exercise are variables that can affect both protein synthesis and the expression patterns of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins. Therefore, in aging and exercise-related research, various physical fitness and angiogenesis variables and phenotypes should be analyzed. In conclusion, LSE appears to maintain the potential of angiogenesis and slow the aging process to maintain skeletal muscle mass and quality. Aerobic exercise may thus be effective for the prevention of sarcopenia.
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12
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Adel M, Elsayed HRH, El-Nablaway M, Hamed S, Eladl A, Fouad S, El Nashar EM, Al-Otaibi ML, Rabei MR. Targeting Hydrogen Sulfide Modulates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy and Microvascular Rarefaction, through Inhibition of NOX4 and Induction of MGF, M2 Macrophages and Endothelial Progenitors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162500. [PMID: 36010575 PMCID: PMC9406793 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term use of Glucocorticoids produces skeletal muscle atrophy and microvascular rarefaction. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a potential role in skeletal muscle regeneration. However, the mechanisms still need to be elucidated. This is the first study to explore the effect of Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) H2S donor, against Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced soleus muscle atrophy and microvascular rarefaction and on muscle endothelial progenitors and M2 macrophages. Rats received either; saline, Dex (0.6 mg/Kg/day), Dex + NaHS (5 mg/Kg/day), or Dex + Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), a blocker of H2S (10 mg/Kg/day) for two weeks. The soleus muscle was examined for contractile properties. mRNA expression for Myostatin, Mechano-growth factor (MGF) and NADPH oxidase (NOX4), HE staining, and immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3, CD34 (Endothelial progenitor marker), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD31 (endothelial marker), and CD163 (M2 macrophage marker) was performed. NaHS could improve the contractile properties and decrease oxidative stress, muscle atrophy, and the expression of NOX4, caspase-3, Myostatin, VEGF, and CD31 and could increase the capillary density and expression of MGF with a significant increase in expression of CD34 and CD163 as compared to Dex group. However, AOAA worsened the studied parameters. Therefore, H2S can be a promising target to attenuate muscle atrophy and microvascular rarefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adel
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hassan Reda Hassan Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Physical therapy, Horus University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-122-9310-701
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyad 71666, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shereen Hamed
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amira Eladl
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah Fouad
- Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamad El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Lafi Al-Otaibi
- Department of Orthopedics, College Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed R. Rabei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, El Tor 46511, Egypt
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13
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Clark KC, Wagner VA, Holl KL, Reho JJ, Tutaj M, Smith JR, Dwinell MR, Grobe JL, Kwitek AE. Body Composition and Metabolic Changes in a Lyon Hypertensive Congenic Rat and Identification of Ercc6l2 as a Positional Candidate Gene. Front Genet 2022; 13:903971. [PMID: 35812759 PMCID: PMC9263446 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.903971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Central obesity is genetically complex, and its exponential increase in the last decades have made it a critical public health issue. The Lyon Hypertensive (LH) rat is a well-characterized hypertensive model that also exhibits spontaneous and profound differences in body weight and adiposity, relative to its metabolically healthy control, the Lyon Normotensive (LN) rat. The mechanisms underlying the body weight differences between these strains are not well-understood, thus a congenic model (LH17LNa) was developed where a portion of the proximal arm of LN chromosome 17 is introgressed on the LH genomic background to assess the contribution of LN alleles on obesity features. Male and female LH17LNa rats were studied, but male congenics did not significantly differ from LH in this study. Female LH17LNa rats exhibited decreases in total body growth, as well as major alterations to their body composition and adiposity. The LH17LNa female rats also showed decreases in metabolic rate, and a reduction in food intake. The increased adiposity in the female LH17LNa rats was specific to abdominal white adipose tissue, and this phenomenon was further explained by significant hypertrophy in those adipocytes, with no evidence of adipocyte hyperplasia. Sequencing of the parental strains identified a novel frameshift mutation in the candidate gene Ercc6l2, which is involved in transcription-coupled DNA repair, and is implicated in premature aging. The discovery of the significance of Ercc6l2 in the context of female-specific adipocyte biology could represent a novel role of DNA repair failure syndromes in obesity pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Clark
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Valerie A. Wagner
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Katie L. Holl
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - John J. Reho
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Monika Tutaj
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Melinda R. Dwinell
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Justin L. Grobe
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Anne E. Kwitek, ; Justin L. Grobe,
| | - Anne E. Kwitek
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Rat Genome Database, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Mellowes Center for Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- *Correspondence: Anne E. Kwitek, ; Justin L. Grobe,
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14
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine as an Exercise-Induced Gene: Towards Novel Molecular Therapies for Immobilization-Related Muscle Atrophy in Elderly Patients. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061014. [PMID: 35741776 PMCID: PMC9223229 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long periods of immobilization, among other etiologies, would result is muscle atrophy. Exercise is the best approach to reverse this atrophy. However, the limited or the non-ability to perform the required physical activity for such patients and the limited pharmacological options make developing novel therapeutic approaches a necessity. Within this context, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been characterized as an exercise-induced gene. Whereas the knock-out of this gene leads to a phenotype that mimics number of the ageing-induced and sarcopenia-related changes including muscle atrophy, overexpressing SPARC in mice or adding it to muscular cell culture produces similar effects as exercise including enhanced muscle mass, strength and metabolism. Therefore, this piece of writing aims to provide evidence supporting the potential use of SPARC/SPARC as a molecular therapy for muscle atrophy in the context of immobilization especially for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(418)-654-2296
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15
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Mechteridis K, Lauber M, Baumbach J, List M. KeyPathwayMineR: De Novo Pathway Enrichment in the R Ecosystem. Front Genet 2022; 12:812853. [PMID: 35173764 PMCID: PMC8842393 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.812853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
De novo pathway enrichment is a systems biology approach in which OMICS data are projected onto a molecular interaction network to identify subnetworks representing condition-specific functional modules and molecular pathways. Compared to classical pathway enrichment analysis methods, de novo pathway enrichment is not limited to predefined lists of pathways from (curated) databases and thus particularly suited for discovering novel disease mechanisms. While several tools have been proposed for pathway enrichment, the integration of de novo pathway enrichment in end-to-end OMICS analysis workflows in the R programming language is currently limited to a single tool. To close this gap, we have implemented an R package KeyPathwayMineR (KPM-R). The package extends the features and usability of existing versions of KeyPathwayMiner by leveraging the power, flexibility and versatility of R and by providing various novel functionalities for performing data preparation, visualization, and comparison. In addition, thanks to its interoperability with a plethora of existing R packages in e.g., Bioconductor, CRAN, and GitHub, KPM-R allows carrying out the initial preparation of the datasets and to meaningfully interpret the extracted subnetworks. To demonstrate the package's potential, KPM-R was applied to bulk RNA-Seq data of nasopharyngeal swabs from SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals, and on single cell RNA-Seq data of aging mice tissue from the Tabula Muris Senis atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mechteridis
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Lauber
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Chair of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Markus List
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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16
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Baek KW, Jung YK, Park JS, Kim JS, Hah YS, Kim SJ, Yoo JI. Two Types of Mouse Models for Sarcopenia Research: Senescence Acceleration and Genetic Modification Models. J Bone Metab 2021; 28:179-191. [PMID: 34520651 PMCID: PMC8441530 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2021.28.3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia leads to loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength due to aging; it was recently given a disease code (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification, M62.84). As a result, in recent years, sarcopenia-related research has increased. In addition, various studies seeking to prevent and treat sarcopenia by identifying the various mechanisms related to the reduction of skeletal muscle properties have been conducted. Previous studies have identified muscle synthesis and breakdown; investigating them has generated evidence for preventing and treating sarcopenia. Mouse models are still the most useful ones for determining mechanisms underlying sarcopenia through correlations and interventions involving specific genes and their phenotypes. Mouse models used to study sarcopenia often induce muscle atrophy by hindlimb unloading, denervation, or immobilization. Though it is less frequently used, the senescence-accelerated mouse can also be useful for sarcopenia research. Herein, we discuss cases where senescence-accelerated and genetically engineered mouse models were used in sarcopenia research and different perspectives to use them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Wan Baek
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Youn-Kwan Jung
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jin Sung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ji-Seok Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - So-Jeong Kim
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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17
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Natural Compounds Attenuate Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158310. [PMID: 34361076 PMCID: PMC8348757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The weight of skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 40% of the whole weight in a healthy individual, and the normal metabolism and motor function of the muscle are indispensable for healthy life. In addition, the skeletal muscle of the maxillofacial region plays an important role not only in eating and swallowing, but also in communication, such as facial expressions and conversations. In recent years, skeletal muscle atrophy has received worldwide attention as a serious health problem. However, the mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy that has been clarified at present is insufficient, and a therapeutic method against skeletal muscle atrophy has not been established. This review provides views on the importance of skeletal muscle in the maxillofacial region and explains the differences between skeletal muscles in the maxillofacial region and other regions. We summarize the findings to change in gene expression in muscle remodeling and emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy model. Finally, we discuss the newly discovered beneficial effects of natural compounds on skeletal muscle atrophy.
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18
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Watanabe-Takano H, Ochi H, Chiba A, Matsuo A, Kanai Y, Fukuhara S, Ito N, Sako K, Miyazaki T, Tainaka K, Harada I, Sato S, Sawada Y, Minamino N, Takeda S, Ueda HR, Yasoda A, Mochizuki N. Mechanical load regulates bone growth via periosteal Osteocrin. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109380. [PMID: 34260913 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli including loading after birth promote bone growth. However, little is known about how mechanical force triggers biochemical signals to regulate bone growth. Here, we identified a periosteal-osteoblast-derived secretory peptide, Osteocrin (OSTN), as a mechanotransducer involved in load-induced long bone growth. OSTN produced by periosteal osteoblasts regulates growth plate growth by enhancing C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-dependent proliferation and maturation of chondrocytes, leading to elongation of long bones. Additionally, OSTN cooperates with CNP to regulate bone formation. CNP stimulates osteogenic differentiation of periosteal osteoprogenitors to induce bone formation. OSTN binds to natriuretic peptide receptor 3 (NPR3) in periosteal osteoprogenitors, thereby preventing NPR3-mediated clearance of CNP and consequently facilitating CNP-signal-mediated bone growth. Importantly, physiological loading induces Ostn expression in periosteal osteoblasts by suppressing Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) transcription factor. Thus, this study reveals a crucial role of OSTN as a mechanotransducer converting mechanical loading to CNP-dependent bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Watanabe-Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Ochi
- Department of Clinical Research, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8555, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Ayaka Matsuo
- Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Naoki Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe, 6-7-6 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuki Tainaka
- Department of System Pathology for Neurological Disorders, Center for Bioresources, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Ichiro Harada
- Medical Products Technology, Development Center, R&D headquarters, Canon Inc., 3-30-2, Shimomaruko, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Shingo Sato
- Center for Innovative Cancer Treatment, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sawada
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; Department of Clinical Research, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8555, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation for Motor Functions, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8555, Japan
| | - Naoto Minamino
- Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Shu Takeda
- Division of Endocrinology, Toranomon Hospital Endocrine Center, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Hiroki R Ueda
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Fukakusa-Mukaihatacho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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19
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Padilla CJ, Harrigan ME, Harris H, Schwab JM, Rutkove SB, Rich MM, Clark BC, Arnold WD. Profiling age-related muscle weakness and wasting: neuromuscular junction transmission as a driver of age-related physical decline. GeroScience 2021; 43:1265-1281. [PMID: 33895959 PMCID: PMC8190265 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological age-related loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass contribute to impaired physical function in older adults. Factors that promote the development of these conditions remain incompletely understood, impeding development of effective and specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Inconclusive evidence across species suggests disruption of action potential signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the crucial connection between the nervous and muscular systems, as a possible contributor to age-related muscle dysfunction. Here we investigated age-related loss of NMJ function using clinically relevant, electrophysiological measures (single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) and repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS)) in aged (26 months) versus young (6 months) F344 rats. Measures of muscle function (e.g., grip strength, peak plantarflexion contractility torque) and mass were assessed for correlations with physiological measures (e.g., indices of NMJ transmission). Other outcomes also included plantarflexion muscle contractility tetanic torque fade during 1-s trains of stimulation as well as gastrocnemius motor unit size and number. Profiling NMJ function in aged rats identified significant declines in NMJ transmission stability and reliability. Further, NMJ deficits were tightly correlated with hindlimb grip strength, gastrocnemius muscle weight, loss of peak contractility torque, degree of tetanic fade, and motor unit loss. Thus, these findings provide direct evidence for NMJ dysfunction as a potential mechanism of age-related muscle dysfunction pathogenesis and severity. These findings also suggest that NMJ transmission modulation may serve as a target for therapeutic development for age-related loss of physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Padilla
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Markus E Harrigan
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hallie Harris
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jan M Schwab
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Seward B Rutkove
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark M Rich
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Brian C Clark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1060 Carmack Road, Room 207, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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20
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Xie WQ, He M, Yu DJ, Wu YX, Wang XH, Lv S, Xiao WF, Li YS. Mouse models of sarcopenia: classification and evaluation. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:538-554. [PMID: 33951340 PMCID: PMC8200444 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread skeletal muscle disease that is related to an increased possibility of adverse consequences such as falls, fractures, physical disabilities and death, and its risk increases with age. With the deepening of the understanding of sarcopenia, the disease has become a major clinical disease of the elderly and a key challenge of healthy ageing. However, the exact molecular mechanism of this disease is still unclear, and the selection of treatment strategies and the evaluation of its effect are not the same. Most importantly, the early symptoms of this disease are not obvious and are easy to ignore. In addition, the clinical manifestations of each patient are not exactly the same, which makes it difficult to effectively study the progression of sarcopenia. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and use animal models to understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and develop therapeutic strategies. This paper reviews the mouse models that can be used in the study of sarcopenia, including ageing models, genetically engineered models, hindlimb suspension models, chemical induction models, denervation models, and immobilization models; analyses their advantages and disadvantages and application scope; and finally summarizes the evaluation of sarcopenia in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Deng-Jie Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wu
- School of Kinesiology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Wang
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Lv
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Feng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Bryndina IG, Shalagina MN, Protopopov VA, Sekunov AV, Zefirov AL, Zakirjanova GF, Petrov AM. Early Lipid Raft-Related Changes: Interplay between Unilateral Denervation and Hindlimb Suspension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052239. [PMID: 33668129 PMCID: PMC7956661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle disuse and denervation leads to muscle atrophy, but underlying mechanisms can be different. Previously, we have found ceramide (Cer) accumulation and lipid raft disruption after acute hindlimb suspension (HS), a model of muscle disuse. Herein, using biochemical and fluorescent approaches the influence of unilateral denervation itself and in combination with short-term HS on membrane-related parameters of rat soleus muscle was studied. Denervation increased immunoexpression of sphingomyelinase and Cer in plasmalemmal regions, but decreased Cer content in the raft fraction and enhanced lipid raft integrity. Preliminary denervation suppressed (1) HS-induced Cer accumulation in plasmalemmal regions, shown for both nonraft and raft-fractions; (2) HS-mediated decrease in lipid raft integrity. Similar to denervation, inhibition of the sciatic nerve afferents with capsaicin itself increased Cer plasmalemmal immunoexpression, but attenuated the membrane-related effects of HS. Finally, both denervation and capsaicin treatment increased immunoexpression of proapoptotic protein Bax and inhibited HS-driven increase in antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Thus, denervation can increase lipid raft formation and attenuate HS-induced alterations probably due to decrease of Cer levels in the raft fraction. The effects of denervation could be at least partially caused by the loss of afferentation. The study points to the importance of motor and afferent inputs in control of Cer distribution and thereby stability of lipid rafts in the junctional and extrajunctional membranes of the muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G. Bryndina
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov St. 281, Izhevsk 426034, Russia; (I.G.B.); (M.N.S.); (V.A.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Maria N. Shalagina
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov St. 281, Izhevsk 426034, Russia; (I.G.B.); (M.N.S.); (V.A.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Vladimir A. Protopopov
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov St. 281, Izhevsk 426034, Russia; (I.G.B.); (M.N.S.); (V.A.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexey V. Sekunov
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Kommunarov St. 281, Izhevsk 426034, Russia; (I.G.B.); (M.N.S.); (V.A.P.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Andrey L. Zefirov
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St. 49, Kazan 420012, Russia; (A.L.Z.); (G.F.Z.)
| | - Guzalia F. Zakirjanova
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St. 49, Kazan 420012, Russia; (A.L.Z.); (G.F.Z.)
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of RAS”, P. O. Box 30, Lobachevsky St. 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Alexey M. Petrov
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kazan State Medical University, Butlerova St. 49, Kazan 420012, Russia; (A.L.Z.); (G.F.Z.)
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of RAS”, P. O. Box 30, Lobachevsky St. 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
- Correspondence: or
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