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Tomar SS, Khairnar K. Challenges of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance in India during low positivity rate scenario. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1117602. [PMID: 37441634 PMCID: PMC10335399 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1117602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Being the second most populous country in the world, India presents valuable lessons for the world about dealing with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. From this perspective, we attempted a retrospective evaluation of India's SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance strategy and also gave some recommendations for undertaking effective genomic surveillance. The dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic are continuously evolving, and there is a dire need to modulate the genomic surveillance strategy accordingly. The pandemic is now settling towards a low positivity rate scenario, so it is required to revise the practices and policies formulated for a high positivity rate scenario. The perspective also recommends adopting a decentralised approach for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance with a focus on optimising the workflow of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance to ensure early detection of emerging variants, especially in the low positivity rate scenario. The perspective emphasises a key observation that the SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance is an important mitigation effort during the pandemic, the guards of such mitigation efforts should not be lowered during the low positivity rate scenario. We attempt to highlight the limitations faced by the Indian healthcare administration during the SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance and, simultaneously, suggest policy interventions derived from our first-hand experience, which may be implementable in a vast, populated country like India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Singh Tomar
- Environmental Virology Cell (EVC), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Krishna Khairnar
- Environmental Virology Cell (EVC), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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Nasir AM, Awang N, Hubadillah SK, Jaafar J, Othman MHD, Wan Salleh WN, Ismail AF. A review on the potential of photocatalysis in combatting SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING 2021; 42:102111. [PMID: 35592059 PMCID: PMC8084616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic technology offers powerful virus disinfection in wastewater via oxidative capability with minimum harmful by-products generation. This review paper aims to provide state-of-the-art photocatalytic technology in battling transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in wastewater. Prior to that, the advantages and limitations of the existing conventional and advanced oxidation processes for virus disinfection in water systems were thoroughly examined. A wide spectrum of virus degradation by various photocatalysts was then considered to understand the potential mechanism for deactivating this deadly virus. The challenges and future perspectives were comprehensively discussed at the end of this review describing the limitations of current photocatalytic technology and suggesting a realistic outlook on advanced photocatalytic technology as a potential solution in dealing with similar upcoming pandemics. The major finding of this review including discovery of a vision on the possible photocatalytic approaches that have been proven to be outstanding against other viruses and subsequently combatting SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. This review intends to deliver insightful information and discussion on the potential of photocatalysis in battling COVID-19 transmission through wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atikah Mohd Nasir
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nuha Awang
- Facilities Maintenance Engineering Section, Malaysian Institute of Industrial Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Persiaran Sinaran Ilmu, Bandar Seri Alam, 81750, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Khadijah Hubadillah
- School of Technology Management and Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, 06010, Malaysia
| | - Juhana Jaafar
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Norhayati Wan Salleh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Casale AM, Cappucci U, Piacentini L. Unravelling HP1 functions: post-transcriptional regulation of stem cell fate. Chromosoma 2021; 130:103-111. [PMID: 34128099 PMCID: PMC8426308 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-021-00760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) is a non-histone chromosomal protein first identified in Drosophila as a major component of constitutive heterochromatin, required for stable epigenetic gene silencing in many species including humans. Over the years, several studies have highlighted additional roles of HP1 in different cellular processes including telomere maintenance, DNA replication and repair, chromosome segregation and, surprisingly, positive regulation of gene expression. In this review, we briefly summarize past research and recent results supporting the unexpected and emerging role of HP1 in activating gene expression. In particular, we discuss the role of HP1 in post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA processing because it has proved decisive in the control of germline stem cells homeostasis in Drosophila and has certainly added a new dimension to our understanding on HP1 targeting and functions in epigenetic regulation of stem cell behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Maria Casale
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ugo Cappucci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Piacentini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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