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Valiate BVS, Castro JTD, Marçal TG, Andrade LAF, Oliveira LID, Maia GBF, Faustino LP, Hojo-Souza NS, Reis MAAD, Bagno FF, Salazar N, Teixeira SR, Almeida GG, Gazzinelli RT. Evaluation of an RBD-nucleocapsid fusion protein as a booster candidate for COVID-19 vaccine. iScience 2024; 27:110177. [PMID: 38993669 PMCID: PMC11238127 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite successful vaccines and updates, constant mutations of SARS-CoV-2 makes necessary the search for new vaccines. We generated a chimeric protein that comprises the receptor-binding domain from spike and the nucleocapsid antigens (SpiN) from SARS-CoV-2. Once SpiN elicits a protective immune response in rodents, here we show that convalescent and previously vaccinated individuals respond to SpiN. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from these individuals produced greater amounts of IFN-γ when stimulated with SpiN, compared to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Also, B cells from these individuals were able to secrete antibodies that recognize SpiN. When administered as a boost dose in mice previously immunized with CoronaVac, ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2, SpiN was able to induce a greater or equivalent immune response to homologous prime/boost. Our data reveal the ability of SpiN to induce cellular and humoral responses in vaccinated human donors, rendering it a promising candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Vinicius Santos Valiate
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Julia Teixeira de Castro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Adan Flores Andrade
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Livia Isabela de Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31.630-901, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia S Hojo-Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Fonseca Bagno
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalia Salazar
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Santuza R Teixeira
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Gregório Guilherme Almeida
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte 30.190-002, MG, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 31.310-260, MG, Brazil
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Lien CE, Liu MC, Wang NC, Liu LTC, Wu CC, Tang WH, Lian WC, Huang KYA, Chen C. Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of Booster Dose with MVC-COV1901 or MVC-COV1901-Beta SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Adults: A Phase I, Prospective, Randomized, Open-Labeled Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1798. [PMID: 38140202 PMCID: PMC10748207 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines based on variant strains have been in use as booster doses to update immunity against circulating variants. Here we present the results of a phase one prospective, randomized, and open-labeled trial to study the safety and immunogenicity of a booster dose consisting of a subunit vaccine based on the stabilized prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, MVC-COV1901, or its Beta version, MVC-COV1901-Beta. Participants aged ≥18 and <55 years who received two or three prior doses of MVC-COV1901 vaccines were enrolled and were to receive a booster dose of either 15 mcg of MVC-COV1901, 15 mcg, or 25 mcg of MVC-COV1901-Beta in a 1:1:1 ratio. Adverse reactions after either MVC-COV1901 or MVC-COV1901-Beta booster doses after two or three doses of MVC-COV1901 were comparable and mostly mild and transient. At four weeks after the booster dose, participants with two prior doses of MVC-COV1901 had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta, and Omicron variants than participants with three prior doses of MVC-COV1901, regardless of the type of booster used. MVC-COV1901 and MVC-COV1901-Beta can both be effectively used as booster doses against SARS-CoV-2, including the BA.4/BA.5 Omicron variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia En Lien
- Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Liu
- Clinical Research Centre, Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chung-Chin Wu
- Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsuan Tang
- Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Lian
- Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying A. Huang
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Charles Chen
- Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Nair MS, Ribeiro RM, Wang M, Bowen AD, Liu L, Guo Y, Chang JY, Wang P, Sheng Z, Sobieszczyk ME, Perelson AS, Huang Y, Ho DD. Changes in serum-neutralizing antibody potency and breadth post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine boost. iScience 2023; 26:106345. [PMID: 36925721 PMCID: PMC9987605 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the durability and breadth of serum-neutralizing antibody responses against multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants elicited by COVID-19 vaccines is crucial in addressing the current pandemic. In this study, we quantified the decay of serum neutralization antibodies (nAbs) after second and third doses of the original COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Using an authentic virus-neutralization assay, we found that decay half-lives of WA1- and Delta-nAbs were both ∼60 days after second and third vaccine dose. Unexpectedly, the durability of serum antibodies that neutralize three different Omicron subvariants (BA.1.1, BA.5, BA.2.12.1) was substantially better, with half-lives of ≥6 months. A booster dose of the original COVID-19 vaccine was also found to broaden antibody responses against SARS-CoV and four other sarbecoviruses, in addition to multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains. These findings suggest that repeated vaccinations with the COVID-19 vaccine may confer a degree of protection against future spillover of sarbecoviruses from animal reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj S. Nair
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ruy M. Ribeiro
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Maple Wang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anthony D. Bowen
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lihong Liu
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yicheng Guo
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jennifer Y. Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zizhang Sheng
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alan S. Perelson
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Yaoxing Huang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David D. Ho
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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