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Ma D, Ma L, Zhao Y, Li Y, Ye W, Li X. The LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smads as Predictive Biomarkers of Chronic Hydrocephalus after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2024; 85:457-463. [PMID: 37604195 PMCID: PMC11281838 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hydrocephalus is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, the risk factors and the mechanisms underlying its occurrence have yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that could be used to predict chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and to investigate the relationships. METHODS We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 19 patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and 44 controls without hydrocephalus after aSAH. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Smad1, Smad4, Smad5, Smad8, activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Alk-1), activin receptor-like kinase 5 (Alk-5), P38, and TGF-β type II receptor (TGFßRII) in CSF samples. RESULTS In the CSF of patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH, the levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, Smad5, and TGFßRII were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and the levels of Smad1, Smad4, and Smad8 were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning the levels of P38 and Alk-5 (p > 0.05). The analysis also identified significant correlations between specific biomarkers: LRG and Smad1, LRG and Smad5, TGF-β and Alk-1, and Alk-1 and Smad4 (p < 0.05); the Pearson's correlation coefficients for these relationships were -0.341, 0.257, 0.256, and -0.424, respectively. CONCLUSION The levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, TGFßRII, Smad1/5/8, and Smad4 in the CSF are potentially helpful as predictive biomarkers of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH. Moreover, the LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smad1/5/8-Smad4 signaling pathway is highly likely to be involved in the pathogenic process of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Luyao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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2
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Li ZR, Wang YY, Wang ZH, Qin QL, Huang C, Shi GS, He HY, Deng YH, He XY, Zhao XM. The positive role of transforming growth factor-β1 in ischemic stroke. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111301. [PMID: 39019338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most disabling and fatal diseases around the world. The damaged brain tissues will undergo excessive autophagy, vascular endothelial cells injury, blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment and neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke. However, there is no unified viewpoint on the underlying mechanism of brain damage. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), as a multi-functional cytokine, plays a crucial role in the intricate pathological processes and helps maintain the physiological homeostasis of brain tissues through various signaling pathways after ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the protective role of TGF-β1 in autophagic flux, BBB, vascular remodeling, neuroinflammation and other aspects after ischemic stroke. Based on the review, we believe that TGF-β1 could serve as a key target for treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Rong Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Yong-Yan Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Zi-Han Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Qi-Lin Qin
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Guang-Sen Shi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Hong-Yun He
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China; Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Yi-Hao Deng
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Xiu-Ying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China; Anning First People's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
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Younesi FS, Miller AE, Barker TH, Rossi FMV, Hinz B. Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:617-638. [PMID: 38589640 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The term 'fibroblast' often serves as a catch-all for a diverse array of mesenchymal cells, including perivascular cells, stromal progenitor cells and bona fide fibroblasts. Although phenotypically similar, these subpopulations are functionally distinct, maintaining tissue integrity and serving as local progenitor reservoirs. In response to tissue injury, these cells undergo a dynamic fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, marked by extracellular matrix secretion and contraction of actomyosin-based stress fibres. Importantly, whereas transient activation into myofibroblasts aids in tissue repair, persistent activation triggers pathological fibrosis. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mechanical cues, such as tissue stiffness and strain, alongside cell signalling pathways and extracellular matrix ligands in modulating myofibroblast activation and survival. We also highlight the role of epigenetic modifications and myofibroblast memory in physiological and pathological processes. Finally, we discuss potential strategies for therapeutically interfering with these factors and the associated signal transduction pathways to improve the outcome of dysregulated healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Sadat Younesi
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Huang M, Chen B, Chen X, Liu T, Liang S, Hu H, Bai X, Gong Y. RanGAP1 maintains chromosome stability in limb bud mesenchymal cells during bone development. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111222. [PMID: 38729327 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone development involves the rapid proliferation and differentiation of osteogenic lineage cells, which makes accurate chromosomal segregation crucial for ensuring cell proliferation and maintaining chromosomal stability. However, the mechanism underlying the maintenance of chromosome stability during the rapid proliferation and differentiation of Prx1-expressing limb bud mesenchymal cells into osteoblastic precursor cells remains unexplored. METHODS A transgenic mouse model of RanGAP1 knockout of limb and head mesenchymal progenitor cells was constructed to explore the impact of RanGAP1 deletion on bone development by histomorphology and immunostaining. Subsequently, G-banding karyotyping analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the effects of RanGAP1 deficiency on chromosome instability. Finally, the effects of RanGAP1 deficiency on chromothripsis and bone development signaling pathways were elucidated by whole-genome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and qPCR. RESULTS The ablation of RanGAP1 in limb and head mesenchymal progenitor cells expressing Prx1 in mice resulted in embryonic lethality, severe cartilage and bone dysplasia, and complete loss of cranial vault formation. Moreover, RanGAP1 loss inhibited chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Most importantly, we found that RanGAP1 loss in limb bud mesenchymal cells triggered missegregation of chromosomes, resulting in chromothripsis of chromosomes 1q and 14q, further inhibiting the expression of key genes involved in multiple bone development signaling pathways such as WNT, Hedgehog, TGF-β/BMP, and PI3K/AKT in the chromothripsis regions, ultimately disrupting skeletal development. CONCLUSIONS Our results establish RanGAP1 as a critical regulator of bone development, as it supports this process by preserving chromosome stability in Prx1-expressing limb bud mesenchymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Bochong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tianxiao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Siying Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongling Hu
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528399, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Tang X, Huang Y, Fu W, Wang P, Feng L, Yang J, Zhu H, Huang X, Ming Q, Li P. Digirseophene A promotes recovery in injured developing cerebellum via AMPK/AKT/GSK3β pathway-mediated neural stem cell proliferation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117046. [PMID: 38981241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) exhibit a remarkable capacity for self-renewal and have the potential to differentiate into various neural lineage cells, which makes them pivotal in the management of neurological disorders. Harnessing the inherent potential of endogenous NSCs for enhancing nerve repair and regeneration represents an optimal approach to addressing diseases of the nervous system. In this study, we explored the potential of a novel benzophenone derivative named Digirseophene A (DGA), which was isolated from the endophytic fungus Corydalis tomentella. Previous experiments have extensively identified and characterized DGA, revealing its unique properties. Our findings demonstrate the remarkable capability of DGA to stimulate neural stem cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we established a model of radiation-induced cerebellar injury to assess the effects of DGA on the distribution of different cell subpopulations within the damaged cerebellum, thereby suggesting its beneficial role in cerebellar repair. In addition, our observations on a primary NSCs model revealed that DGA significantly increased cellular oxygen consumption, indicating increased energy and metabolic demands. By utilizing various pathway inhibitors in combination with DGA, we successfully demonstrated its ability to counteract the suppressive impacts of AMPK and GSK3β inhibitors on NSC proliferation. Collectively, our research results strongly suggest that DGA, as an innovative compound, exerts its role in activating NSCs and promoting injury repair through the regulation of the AMPK/AKT/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Tang
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Wenying Fu
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Liyuan Feng
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Xiuning Huang
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China
| | - Qianliang Ming
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China.
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Centre Street, Shapingba District, Chong Qing, China.
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Randhawa A, Ganguly K, Dutta SD, Patil TV, Lim KT. Transcriptomic profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells using a pulsed electromagnetic-wave motion bioreactor system for enhanced osteogenic commitment and therapeutic potentials. Biomaterials 2024; 312:122713. [PMID: 39084096 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Traditional bioreactor systems involve the use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or stem cell aggregates, limiting the accessibility to the production of cell-secreted biomolecules. Herein, we present the use a pulse electromagnetic fields (pEMFs)-assisted wave-motion bioreactor system for the dynamic and scalable culture of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) with enhanced the secretion of various soluble factors with massive therapeutic potential. The present study investigated the influence of dynamic pEMF (D-pEMF) on the kinetic of hBMSCs. A 30-min exposure of pEMF (10V-1Hz, 5.82 G) with 35 oscillations per minute (OPM) rocking speed can induce the proliferation (1 × 105 → 4.5 × 105) of hBMSCs than static culture. Furthermore, the culture of hBMSCs in osteo-induction media revealed a greater enhancement of osteogenic transcription factors under the D-pEMF condition, suggesting that D-pEMF addition significantly boosted hBMSCs osteogenesis. Additionally, the RNA sequencing data revealed a significant shift in various osteogenic and signaling genes in the D-pEMF group, further suggesting their osteogenic capabilities. In this research, we demonstrated that the combined effect of wave and pEMF stimulation on hBMSCs allows rapid proliferation and induces osteogenic properties in the cells. Moreover, our study revealed that D-pEMF stimuli also induce ROS-scavenging properties in the cultured cells. This study also revealed a bioactive and cost-effective approach that enables the use of cells without using any expensive materials and avoids the possible risks associated with them post-implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Randhawa
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Wu J, Song Y, Wang J, Wang T, Yang L, Shi Y, Song B, Yu Z. Isorhamnetin inhibits hypertrophic scar formation through TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/CREB3L1 signaling pathways. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33802. [PMID: 39055792 PMCID: PMC11269880 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a common fibrotic skin disease that occurs secondary to burns or injuries. The activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway contributes immensely to HS formation. Isorhamnetin (ISO) is a type of flavonoid compound that exerts an antifibrotic effect via TGF-β signaling suppression. However, whether ISO can inhibit HS formation via TGF-β signaling is yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to examine the influence of ISO on HS pathogenesis and TGF-β signaling, especially the downstream molecules and networks of TGF-β signaling that facilitate HS formation. Methods Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs) were isolated from human HS tissues. The in vitro proliferation, migration, contractile ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis of HSFBs after ISO treatment were determined using cell viability assay, EdU staining, wound healing assay, collagen gel contraction assay, and flow cytometry. The expressions of genes and proteins involved in TGF-β signaling and its downstream molecules in ISO-treated HSFBs were determined using quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence, and western blotting. In vivo, a rabbit HS model was established, and the effects of ISO on rabbit HS formation were investigated using histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and qPCR. Results In vitro studies indicated that ISO treatment suppressed the proliferation, migration, and contractile ability of HSFBs; attenuated the expressions of COL Ⅰ, COL Ⅲ, and α-SMA; and inhibited TGF-β1 signaling-induced activation of HSFBs by decreasing the levels of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and cleaved CREB3L1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ISO augmented apoptosis and G2 phase cell cycle arrest of HSFBs by upregulating the expressions of the proapoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In vivo studies revealed that ISO ameliorated HS formation in the rabbit ear by lowering the scar elevation index, attenuating the collagen density, facilitating the regular arrangement of collagen fibers, and downregulating the expressions of TGF-β1, CREB3L1, COL Ⅰ, COL Ⅲ, and α-SMA. Conclusions ISO suppressed HS pathogenesis by dampening TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/CREB3L1 signaling pathways, which suggests that it may serve as a candidate inhibitor of TGF-β1 signaling and a promising anti-HS drug with a high therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Li G, Lu J, Wang C, Chang X, Qu Z, Zhang W, Zhuang C, Miao Z, Xu W. Discovery of Sophoridine α-Aryl Propionamide Derivative ZM600 as a Novel Antihepatic Fibrosis Agent. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11389-11400. [PMID: 38938102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is a key event in the development of liver fibrosis, and blockage of the activation of HSCs has been shown to alleviate liver fibrosis. Sophoridine, a bioactive alkaloid found in many Chinese herbs, exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects, but its activities are not strong. In this study, a series of structurally modified derivatives of sophoridine were designed and synthesized. Among them, sophoridine α-aryl propionamide derivative ZM600 displayed a significant inhibitory effect on the activation of HSCs. The in vivo experiment demonstrated that ZM600 markedly ameliorated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver fibrosis with a significant improvement of extracellular matrix deposition. Mechanism investigations revealed that ZM600 specifically inhibited the activation of NF-κB, PI-3K/AKT, and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways. These results suggest that ZM600 has a protective effect on liver fibrosis, which provides a new candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Juanni Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Weiheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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Horvat Mercnik M, Schliefsteiner C, Sanchez-Duffhues G, Wadsack C. TGFβ signalling: a nexus between inflammation, placental health and preeclampsia throughout pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update 2024; 30:442-471. [PMID: 38519450 PMCID: PMC11215164 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta is a unique and pivotal organ in reproduction, controlling crucial growth and cell differentiation processes that ensure a successful pregnancy. Placental development is a tightly regulated and dynamic process, in which the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily plays a central role. This family of pleiotropic growth factors is heavily involved in regulating various aspects of reproductive biology, particularly in trophoblast differentiation during the first trimester of pregnancy. TGFβ signalling precisely regulates trophoblast invasion and the cell transition from cytotrophoblasts to extravillous trophoblasts, which is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like process. Later in pregnancy, TGFβ signalling ensures proper vascularization and angiogenesis in placental endothelial cells. Beyond its role in trophoblasts and endothelial cells, TGFβ signalling contributes to the polarization and function of placental and decidual macrophages by promoting maternal tolerance of the semi-allogeneic foetus. Disturbances in early placental development have been associated with several pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia (PE) which is one of the severe complications. Emerging evidence suggests that TGFβ is involved in the pathogenesis of PE, thereby offering a potential target for intervention in the human placenta. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This comprehensive review aims to explore and elucidate the roles of the major members of the TGFβ superfamily, including TGFβs, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), activins, inhibins, nodals, and growth differentiation factors (GDFs), in the context of placental development and function. The review focusses on their interactions within the major cell types of the placenta, namely trophoblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, in both normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by PE throughout pregnancy. SEARCH METHODS A literature search was carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar, searching terms: 'TGF signalling preeclampsia', 'pregnancy TGF signalling', 'preeclampsia tgfβ', 'preeclampsia bmp', 'preeclampsia gdf', 'preeclampsia activin', 'endoglin preeclampsia', 'endoglin pregnancy', 'tgfβ signalling pregnancy', 'bmp signalling pregnancy', 'gdf signalling pregnancy', 'activin signalling pregnancy', 'Hofbauer cell tgfβ signalling', 'placental macrophages tgfβ', 'endothelial cells tgfβ', 'endothelium tgfβ signalling', 'trophoblast invasion tgfβ signalling', 'trophoblast invasion Smad', 'trophoblast invasion bmp', 'trophoblast invasion tgfβ', 'tgfβ preeclampsia', 'tgfβ placental development', 'TGFβ placental function', 'endothelial dysfunction preeclampsia tgfβ signalling', 'vascular remodelling placenta TGFβ', 'inflammation pregnancy tgfβ', 'immune response pregnancy tgfβ', 'immune tolerance pregnancy tgfβ', 'TGFβ pregnancy NK cells', 'bmp pregnancy NK cells', 'bmp pregnancy tregs', 'tgfβ pregnancy tregs', 'TGFβ placenta NK cells', 'TGFβ placenta tregs', 'NK cells preeclampsia', 'Tregs preeclampsia'. Only articles published in English until 2023 were used. OUTCOMES A comprehensive understanding of TGFβ signalling and its role in regulating interconnected cell functions of the main placental cell types provides valuable insights into the processes essential for successful placental development and growth of the foetus during pregnancy. By orchestrating trophoblast invasion, vascularization, immune tolerance, and tissue remodelling, TGFβ ligands contribute to the proper functioning of a healthy maternal-foetal interface. However, dysregulation of TGFβ signalling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PE, where the shallow trophoblast invasion, defective vascular remodelling, decreased uteroplacental perfusion, and endothelial cell and immune dysfunction observed in PE, are all affected by an altered TGFβ signalling. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The dysregulation of TGFβ signalling in PE has important implications for research and clinical practice. Further investigation is required to understand the underlying mechanisms, including the role of different ligands and their regulation under pathophysiological conditions, in order to discover new therapeutic targets. Distinguishing between clinically manifested subtypes of PE and studying TGFβ signalling in different placental cell types holistically is an important first step. To put this knowledge into practice, pre-clinical animal models combined with new technologies are needed. This may also lead to improved human research models and identify potential therapeutic targets, ultimately improving outcomes for affected pregnancies and reducing the burden of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gonzalo Sanchez-Duffhues
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Tissue-Specific BMP Signalling ISPA-HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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Ma MJ, Shi YH, Liu ZD, Zhu YQ, Zhao GY, Ye JY, Li FX, Huang XT, Wang XY, Wang JQ, Xu QC, Yin XY. N6-methyladenosine modified TGFB2 triggers lipid metabolism reprogramming to confer pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma gemcitabine resistance. Oncogene 2024; 43:2405-2420. [PMID: 38914663 PMCID: PMC11281907 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine resistance is a major obstacle to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, new strategies are needed to sensitize cancer cells to gemcitabine. Here, we constructed gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cells and analyzed them with RNA-sequence. Employing an integrated approach involving bioinformatic analyses from multiple databases, TGFB2 is identified as a crucial gene in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC and is significantly associated with poor gemcitabine therapeutic response. The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model further substantiates the gradual upregulation of TGFB2 expression during gemcitabine-induced resistance. Silencing TGFB2 expression can enhance the chemosensitivity of gemcitabine against PDAC. Mechanistically, TGFB2, post-transcriptionally stabilized by METTL14-mediated m6A modification, can promote lipid accumulation and the enhanced triglyceride accumulation drives gemcitabine resistance by lipidomic profiling. TGFB2 upregulates the lipogenesis regulator sterol regulatory element binding factor 1 (SREBF1) and its downstream lipogenic enzymes via PI3K-AKT signaling. Moreover, SREBF1 is responsible for TGFB2-mediated lipogenesis to promote gemcitabine resistance in PDAC. Importantly, TGFB2 inhibitor imperatorin combined with gemcitabine shows synergistic effects in gemcitabine-resistant PDAC PDX model. This study sheds new light on an avenue to mitigate PDAC gemcitabine resistance by targeting TGFB2 and lipid metabolism and develops the potential of imperatorin as a promising chemosensitizer in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jian Ma
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yin-Hao Shi
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhi-De Liu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ying-Qin Zhu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guang-Yin Zhao
- Department of Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Ye
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Xi Li
- Department of Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xi-Tai Huang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xi-Yu Wang
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jie-Qin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Qiong-Cong Xu
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Yin
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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11
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Louault K, Blavier L, Lee MH, Kennedy RJ, Fernandez GE, Pawel BR, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. Nuclear factor-κB activation by transforming growth factor-β1 drives tumour microenvironment-mediated drug resistance in neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:90-100. [PMID: 38806726 PMCID: PMC11231159 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the tumour microenvironment (TME) contribute to therapeutic resistance. Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 produced in the TME increased drug resistance of neuroblastoma (NB) cells. METHODS Human NB cell lines were tested in vitro for their sensitivity to Doxorubicin (DOX) and Etoposide (ETOP) in the presence of tumour-associated macrophages (TAM) and mesenchymal stromal cells/cancer-associated fibroblasts (MSC/CAF). These experiments were validated in xenotransplanted and primary tumour samples. RESULTS Drug resistance was associated with an increased expression of efflux transporter and anti-apoptotic proteins. Upregulation was dependent on activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB by TGF-β-activated kinase (TAK1) and SMAD2. Resistance was reversed upon pharmacologic and genetic inhibitions of NF-κB, and TAK1/SMAD2. Interleukin-6, leukaemia inhibitory factor and oncostatin M were upregulated by this TGF-β/TAK1/NF-κB/SMAD2 signalling pathway contributing to drug resistance via an autocrine loop activating STAT3. An analysis of xenotransplanted NB tumours revealed an increased presence of phospho (p)-NF-κB in tumours co-injected with MSC/CAF and TAM, and these tumours failed to respond to Etoposide but responded if treated with a TGF-βR1/ALK5 inhibitor. Nuclear p-NF-κB was increased in patient-derived tumours rich in TME cells. CONCLUSIONS The data provides a novel insight into a targetable mechanism of environment-mediated drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Louault
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Laurence Blavier
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Men-Hua Lee
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Rebekah J Kennedy
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - G Esteban Fernandez
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Bruce R Pawel
- Department of Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
- Department of Pathology, and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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12
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Mohammed OA, Youssef ME, Doghish AS, Hamad RS, Abdel-Reheim MA, Alghamdi M, Alamri MMS, Alfaifi J, Adam MIE, Alharthi MH, Alhalafi AH, Bahashwan E, Rezigalla AA, BinAfif DF, Abdel-Ghany S, Attia MA, Elmorsy EA, Al-Noshokaty TM, Fikry H, Saleh LA, Saber S. A novel combination therapy targets sonic hedgehog signaling by the dual inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase and HSP90 in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 198:106792. [PMID: 38714237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by liver inflammation, fat accumulation, and collagen deposition. Due to the limited availability of effective treatments, there is a pressing need to develop innovative strategies. Given the complex nature of the disease, employing combination approaches is essential. Hedgehog signaling has been recognized as potentially promoting NASH, and cholesterol can influence this signaling by modifying the conformation of PTCH1 and SMO activity. HSP90 plays a role in the stability of SMO and GLI proteins. We revealed significant positive correlations between Hedgehog signaling proteins (Shh, SMO, GLI1, and GLI2) and both cholesterol and HSP90 levels. Herein, we investigated the novel combination of the cholesterol-lowering agent lovastatin and the HSP90 inhibitor PU-H71 in vitro and in vivo. The combination demonstrated a synergy score of 15.09 and an MSA score of 22.85, as estimated by the ZIP synergy model based on growth inhibition rates in HepG2 cells. In a NASH rat model induced by thioacetamide and a high-fat diet, this combination therapy extended survival, improved liver function and histology, and enhanced antioxidant defense. Additionally, the combination exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic potential by influencing the levels of TNF-α, TGF-β, TIMP-1, and PDGF-BB. This effect was evident in the suppression of the Col1a1 gene expression and the levels of hydroxyproline and α-SMA. These favorable outcomes may be attributed to the combination's potential to inhibit key Hedgehog signaling molecules. In conclusion, exploring the applicability of this combination contributes to a more comprehensive understanding and improved management of NASH and other fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahmoud E Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mushabab Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad Mohammad S Alamri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masoud I E Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muffarah Hamid Alharthi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hassan Alhalafi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Bahashwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, College of medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assad Ali Rezigalla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daad Fuad BinAfif
- Department of Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah 24246, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of basic medical sciences, Ibn Sina University for medical sciences, Amman 16197, Jordan
| | - Mohammed A Attia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed A Elmorsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Heba Fikry
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collage of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
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13
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Sun Q, Zhang L, Chen T, Li N, Tan F, Gu X, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Lu J, Qian X, Guan B, Qi J, Ye F, Chai R. AAV-mediated Gpm6b expression supports hair cell reprogramming. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13620. [PMID: 38400824 PMCID: PMC11216921 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Irreversible damage to hair cells (HCs) in the cochlea leads to hearing loss. Cochlear supporting cells (SCs) in the murine cochlea have the potential to differentiate into HCs. Neuron membrane glycoprotein M6B (Gpm6b) as a four-transmembrane protein is a potential regulator of HC regeneration according to our previous research. In this study, we found that AAV-ie-mediated Gpm6b overexpression promoted SC-derived organoid expansion. Enhanced Gpm6b prevented the normal decrease in SC plasticity as the cochlea develops by supporting cells re-entry cell cycle and facilitating the SC-to-HC transformation. Also, overexpression of Gpm6b in the organ of Corti through the round window membrane injection facilitated the trans-differentiation of Lgr5+ SCs into HCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that Gpm6b overexpression promotes HC regeneration and highlights a promising target for hearing repair using the inner ear stem cells combined with AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Nianci Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xingliang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolJiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline(Laboratory)NanjingChina
| | - Bing Guan
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University/Clinical Medical CollegeYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fanglei Ye
- Department of OtologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High‐Tech Key Laboratory for Bio‐Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Co‐Innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongChina
- Institute for Stem Cells and RegenerationChinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
- Southeast University Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenChina
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14
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Sun J, Zhu W, Luan M, Xing Y, Feng Z, Zhu J, Ma X, Wang Y, Jia Y. Positive GLI1/INHBA feedback loop drives tumor progression in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:2301-2317. [PMID: 38676428 PMCID: PMC11247559 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
GLI1, a key transcription factor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, plays an important role in the development of cancer. However, the function and mechanisms by which GLI1 regulates gene transcription are not fully understood in gastric cancer (GC). Here, we found that GLI1 induced the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells, accompanied by transcriptional upregulation of INHBA. This increased INHBA expression exerted a promoting activity on Smads signaling and then transcriptionally activated GLI1 expression. Notably, our results demonstrate that disrupting the interaction between GLI1 and INHBA could inhibit GC tumorigenesis in vivo. More intriguingly, we confirmed the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) activation mechanism of the Helicobacter pylori/FTO/YTHDF2/GLI1 pathway in GC cells. In conclusion, our study confirmed that the GLI1/INHBA positive feedback loop influences GC progression and revealed the mechanism by which H. pylori upregulates GLI1 expression through m6A modification. This positive GLI1/INHBA feedback loop suggests a novel noncanonical mechanism of GLI1 activity in GC and provides potential therapeutic targets for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Sun
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Muhua Luan
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanxin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaotian Feng
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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15
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Vesey DA, Iyer A, Owen E, Kamato D, Johnson DW, Gobe GC, Fairlie DP, Nikolic-Paterson DJ. PAR2 activation on human tubular epithelial cells engages converging signaling pathways to induce an inflammatory and fibrotic milieu. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1382094. [PMID: 39005931 PMCID: PMC11239397 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1382094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Key features of chronic kidney disease (CKD) include tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2), a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed by the kidney proximal tubular cells, induces potent proinflammatory responses in these cells. The hypothesis tested here was that PAR2 signalling can contribute to both inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney by transactivating known disease associated pathways. Using a primary cell culture model of human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HTEC), PAR2 activation induced a concentration dependent, PAR2 antagonist sensitive, secretion of TNF, CSF2, MMP-9, PAI-1 and CTGF. Transcription factors activated by the PAR2 agonist 2F, including NFκB, AP1 and Smad2, were critical for production of these cytokines. A TGF-β receptor-1 (TGF-βRI) kinase inhibitor, SB431542, and an EGFR kinase inhibitor, AG1478, ameliorated 2F induced secretion of TNF, CSF2, MMP-9, and PAI-1. Whilst an EGFR blocking antibody, cetuximab, blocked PAR2 induced EGFR and ERK phosphorylation, a TGF-βRII blocking antibody failed to influence PAR2 induced secretion of PAI-1. Notably simultaneous activation of TGF-βRII (TGF-β1) and PAR2 (2F) synergistically enhanced secretion of TNF (2.2-fold), CSF2 (4.4-fold), MMP-9 (15-fold), and PAI-1 (2.5-fold). In summary PAR2 activates critical inflammatory and fibrotic signalling pathways in human kidney tubular epithelial cells. Biased antagonists of PAR2 should be explored as a potential therapy for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Kidney and Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Evan Owen
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danielle Kamato
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Kidney and Transplant Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David J Nikolic-Paterson
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Monash University Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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16
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Ogata FT, Verma S, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Gesteira TF. TGF-β-Based Therapies for Treating Ocular Surface Disorders. Cells 2024; 13:1105. [PMID: 38994958 PMCID: PMC11240592 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The cornea is continuously exposed to injuries, ranging from minor scratches to deep traumas. An effective healing mechanism is crucial for the cornea to restore its structure and function following major and minor insults. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), a versatile signaling molecule that coordinates various cell responses, has a central role in corneal wound healing. Upon corneal injury, TGF-β is rapidly released into the extracellular environment, triggering cell migration and proliferation, the differentiation of keratocytes into myofibroblasts, and the initiation of the repair process. TGF-β-mediated processes are essential for wound closure; however, excessive levels of TGF-β can lead to fibrosis and scarring, causing impaired vision. Three primary isoforms of TGF-β exist-TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3. Although TGF-β isoforms share many structural and functional similarities, they present distinct roles in corneal regeneration, which adds an additional layer of complexity to understand the role of TGF-β in corneal wound healing. Further, aberrant TGF-β activity has been linked to various corneal pathologies, such as scarring and Peter's Anomaly. Thus, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which TGF-β1-3 regulate corneal wound healing will enable the development of potential therapeutic interventions targeting the key molecule in this process. Herein, we summarize the multifaceted roles of TGF-β in corneal wound healing, dissecting its mechanisms of action and interactions with other molecules, and outline its role in corneal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T Ogata
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110078, India
| | | | - Tarsis F Gesteira
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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17
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Role of microRNA-505 during tumor progression and metastasis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155344. [PMID: 38744001 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Late diagnosis of cancer in advanced stages due to the lack of screening methods is considered as the main cause of poor prognosis and high mortality rate among these patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the molecular tumor biology in order to introduce biomarkers that can be used in cancer screening programs and early diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in regulation of the cellular pathophysiological processes. Due to the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids, they are widely used as the non-invasive tumor markers. According to the numerous reports about miR-505 deregulation in a wide range of cancers, we investigated the role of miR-505 during tumor progression. It was shown that miR-505 mainly has the tumor suppressor functions through the regulation of signaling pathways, chromatin remodeling, and cellular metabolism. This review has an effective role in introducing miR-505 as a suitable marker for the early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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18
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Banerjee A, Singh P, Sheikh PA, Kumar A, Koul V, Bhattacharyya J. A multifunctional silk-hyaluronic acid self-healing hydrogel laden with alternatively activated macrophage-derived exosomes reshape microenvironment of diabetic wound and accelerate healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132384. [PMID: 38754682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The impairment of phenotype switching of pro-inflammatory M1 to pro-healing M2 macrophage induced by hyperglycemic microenvironment often elevates oxidative stress, impairs angiogenesis, and leads to chronic non-healing wounds in diabetic patients. Administration of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2Exo) at wound site is known to polarize M1 to M2 macrophage and can accelerate wound healing by enhancing collagen deposition, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization. In the present study, M2Exo were conjugated with oxidized hyaluronic acid and mixed with PEGylated silk fibroin to develop self-healing Exo-gel to achieve an efficient therapy for diabetic wounds. Exo-gel depicted porous networked morphology with self-healing and excellent water retention behaviour. Fibroblast cells treated with Exo-gel showed significant uptake of M2Exo that increased their proliferation and migration in vitro. Interestingly, in a diabetic wound model of wistar rats, Exo-gel treatment induced 75 % wound closure within 7 days with complete epithelial layer regeneration by modulating cytokine levels, stimulating fibroblast-keratinocyte interaction and migration, angiogenesis, and organized collagen deposition. Taken together, this study suggests that Exo-gel depict properties of an excellent wound healing matrix and can be used as a therapeutic alternative to treat chronic non-healing diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahana Banerjee
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Prerna Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India
| | - Parvaiz A Sheikh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India; The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India; Centre of Excellence for Orthopedics and Prosthetics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India; Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kalyanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208016, India
| | - Veena Koul
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110016, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi, New Delhi-110029, India.
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19
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Wang M, Zhong L, Zhang H, Wan P, Chu X, Shao X, Chen S, Zhou Z, Yu L, Liu B. p200CUX1-regulated BMP8B inhibits the progression of acute myeloid leukemia via the MAPK signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:166. [PMID: 38819709 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The full-length p200CUX1 protein encoded by the homology frame CUT-like protein (CUX1) plays an important role in tumors as a pro-oncogene or oncogene. However, its role and mechanism in acute myeloid leukemia remain unknown. p200CUX1 regulates several pathways, including the MAPK signaling pathway. Our data showed that p200CUX1 is lowly expressed in THP1 and U937 AML cell lines. Lentiviral overexpression of p200CUX1 reduced proliferation and promoted apoptosis and G0/G1 phase blockade, correlating with MAPK pathway suppression. Additionally, p200CUX1 regulated the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 8B (BMP8B), which is overexpressed in AML. Overexpression of p200CUX1 downregulated BMP8B expression and inhibited the MAPK pathway. Furthermore, BMP8B knockdown inhibited AML cell proliferation, enhanced apoptosis and the sensitivity of ATRA-induced cell differentiation, and blocked G0/G1 transition. Our findings demonstrate the pivotal function of the p200CUX1-BMP8B-MAPK axis in maintaining the viability of AML cells. Consequently, targeting p200CUX1 could represent a viable strategy in AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xuan Chu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xin Shao
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Ziwei Zhou
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Lihua Yu
- Clinical Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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20
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Chen J, Xu J, Li L, Yuan Y, Jiang J, Sun Y. Propofol regulates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the POLR2L/TGF-β signaling pathway. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2266-2281. [PMID: 38881942 PMCID: PMC11170526 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Propofol has been reported to modulate tumorigenesis in HCC; the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the interaction of propofol with POLR2L on HCC tumor progression in HCC. Methods The propofol-related GSE101724 dataset was analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to identify overlapping genes. Key genes were selected from The Cancer Genome Atlas-liver hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC)-DEGs for prognostic analysis. The impact of POLR2L on LIHC patient survival was assessed, followed by in vitro experiments to validated its effects on HCC cell behavior and signaling pathways. Results Fourteen overlapping genes were identified in the turquoise module (highest correlation) of up-regulated DEGs and GSE101724. Further analysis obtained 11 key overlapping genes from 14 overlapping genes and TCGA-LIHC-DEGs, among which HSPE1 and POLR2L showed significant prognostic correlation. Patients with LIHC have a worse chance of surviving when their POLR2L expression is elevated. Knockdown POLR2L significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cell lines. Downregulation of POLR2L was accompanied by induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes. Propofol was found to downregulate POLR2L expression, inhibiting cell proliferation and growth. Further, it was shown that propofol controlled the development of HCC by influencing the POLR2L/TGF-β signaling loop. Conclusions The results validated the predictive relevance of POLR2L in HCC and emphasized that propofol can regulate HCC progression through the POLR2L/TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuming Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Li X, Zhang C, Feng C, Zhang Z, Feng N, Sha H, Luo X, Zou G, Liang H. Transcriptome Analysis Elucidates the Potential Key Genes Involved in Rib Development in bmp6-Deficient Silver Carp ( Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1451. [PMID: 38791669 PMCID: PMC11117292 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP-6) is a constituent of the TGF-β superfamily, known for its ability to stimulate bone and cartilage formation. The investigation of bmp6's involvement in the formation of intermuscular bones in fish has garnered significant attention in recent years. The rib cage is an important skeletal structure that plays a protective function for internal organs in fish. However, there has been limited research conducted on the effects of the bmp6 gene on rib development. Silver carp is one of four major fish in China, favoured for its affordability and tender muscle. Nevertheless, the presence of numerous intermuscular bones in silver carp significantly hinders the advancement of its palatability and suitability for processing. This study showcases the effective utilisation of CRISPR/Cas9 technology for the purpose of disrupting the bmp6 gene in silver carp, leading to the creation of chimeras in the P0 generation, marking the first instance of such an achievement. The chimeras exhibited complete viability, normal appearance, and partial intermuscular bones loss, with approximately 30% of them displaying rib bifurcation or bending. Subsequently, a transcriptome analysis on ribs of P0 chimeras and wild-type silver carp was conducted, leading to the identification of 934 genes exhibiting differential expression, of which 483 were found to be up-regulated and 451 were found to be down-regulated. The results of the KEGG analysis revealed that the "NF-kappa B signalling pathway", "Hippo signalling pathway", "osteoclast differentiation", and "haematopoietic cell lineage" exhibited enrichment and displayed a significant correlation with bone development. The up-regulated genes such as tnfα, fos, and ctgf in pathways may facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts, whereas the down-regulation of genes such as tgfb2 and tgfbr1 in pathways may hinder the formation and specialisation of osteoblasts, ultimately resulting in rib abnormalities. This study presents novel findings on the impact of bmp6 gene deletion on the rib development of silver carp, while simultaneously investigating the previously unexplored molecular mechanisms underlying rib defects in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
- Laboratory of Zooligical Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Cui Feng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zewen Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
- Laboratory of Zooligical Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Nannan Feng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
- Laboratory of Zooligical Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hang Sha
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiangzhong Luo
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guiwei Zou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hongwei Liang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (X.L.); (C.Z.); (C.F.); (Z.Z.); (N.F.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (G.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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22
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Shuai Y, Xu N, Zhao C, Yang F, Ning Z, Li G. MicroRNA-10 Family Promotes Renal Fibrosis through the VASH-1/Smad3 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5232. [PMID: 38791272 PMCID: PMC11120755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis (RF) stands as a pivotal pathological process in the advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and impeding its progression is paramount for delaying the advancement of CKD. The miR-10 family, inclusive of miR-10a and miR-10b, has been implicated in the development of various fibrotic diseases. Nevertheless, the precise role of miR-10 in the development of RF remains enigmatic. In this study, we utilized both an in vivo model involving unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in mice and an in vitro model employing TGF-β1 stimulation in HK-2 cells to unravel the mechanism underlying the involvement of miR-10a/b in RF. The findings revealed heightened expression of miR-10a and miR-10b in the kidneys of UUO mice, accompanied by a substantial increase in p-Smad3 and renal fibrosis-related proteins. Conversely, the deletion of these two genes led to a notable reduction in p-Smad3 levels and the alleviation of RF in mouse kidneys. In the in vitro model of TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells, the co-overexpression of miR-10a and miR-10b fostered the phosphorylation of Smad3 and RF, while the inhibition of miR-10a and miR-10b resulted in a decrease in p-Smad3 levels and RF. Further research revealed that miR-10a and miR-10b, through binding to the 3'UTR region of Vasohibin-1 (VASH-1), suppressed the expression of VASH-1, thereby promoting the elevation of p-Smad3 and exacerbating the progression of RF. The miR-10 family may play a pivotal role in RF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guoxia Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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23
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Cayetano-Salazar L, Hernandez-Moreno JA, Bello-Martinez J, Olea-Flores M, Castañeda-Saucedo E, Ramirez M, Mendoza-Catalán MA, Navarro-Tito N. Regulation of cellular and molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by Brazilin in breast cancer cells. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17360. [PMID: 38737746 PMCID: PMC11088821 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The main cause of mortality in cancer patients is invasion and metastasis, where the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial player in these processes. Pharmacological therapy has plants as its primary source, including isoflavonoids. Brazilin is an isoflavonoid isolated from Haematoxilum brasiletto that has shown antiproliferative activity in several cancer cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Brazilin on canonical markers of EMT such as E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). By Western blot, we evaluated E-cadherin, vimentin, and Twist expression and the subcellular localization by immunofluorescence. Using gelatin zymography, we determined the levels of secretion of MMPs. We used Transwell chambers coated with matrigel to determine the in vitro invasion of breast cancer cells treated with Brazilin. Interestingly, our results show that Brazilin increases 50% in E-cadherin expression and decreases 50% in vimentin and Twist expression, MMPs, and cell invasion in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 and to a lesser extend in MCF7 ER+ breast cancer cells. Together, these findings position Brazilin as a new molecule with great potential for use as complementary or alternative treatment in breast cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cayetano-Salazar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Jose A. Hernandez-Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Jorge Bello-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Olea-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Monica Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Miguel A. Mendoza-Catalán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Napoleon Navarro-Tito
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
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24
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Cazzato G, Ingravallo G, Ribatti D. Angiogenesis Still Plays a Crucial Role in Human Melanoma Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1794. [PMID: 38791873 PMCID: PMC11120419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, particularly in melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the intricate interplay between angiogenesis and tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma progression. Pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF, PlGF, FGF-2, IL-8, Ang, TGF-β, PDGF, integrins, MMPs, and PAF, modulate angiogenesis and contribute to melanoma metastasis. Additionally, cells within the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, mast cells, and melanoma-associated macrophages, influence tumor angiogenesis and progression. Anti-angiogenic therapies, while showing promise, face challenges such as drug resistance and tumor-induced activation of alternative angiogenic pathways. Rational combinations of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapies are being explored to overcome resistance. Biomarker identification for treatment response remains crucial for personalized therapies. This review highlights the complexity of angiogenesis in melanoma and underscores the need for innovative therapeutic approaches tailored to the dynamic TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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25
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Li Z, Lin J, Wu J, Suo J, Wang Z. The Hippo signalling pathway in bone homeostasis: Under the regulation of mechanics and aging. Cell Prolif 2024:e13652. [PMID: 38700015 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway is a conserved kinase cascade that orchestrates diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, lineage commitment and stemness. With the onset of society ages, research on skeletal aging-mechanics-bone homeostasis has exploded. In recent years, aging and mechanical force in the skeletal system have gained groundbreaking research progress. Under the regulation of mechanics and aging, the Hippo signalling pathway has a crucial role in the development and homeostasis of bone. We synthesize the current knowledge on the role of the Hippo signalling pathway, particularly its downstream effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), in bone homeostasis. We discuss the regulation of the lineage specification and function of different skeletal cell types by the Hippo signalling pathway. The interactions of the Hippo signalling pathway with other pathways, such as Wnt, transforming growth factor beta and nuclear factor kappa-B, are also mentioned because of their importance for modulating bone homeostasis. Furthermore, YAP/TAZ have been extensively studied as mechanotransducers. Due to space limitations, we focus on reviewing how mechanical forces and aging influence cell fate, communications and homeostasis through a dysregulated Hippo signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqing Lin
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlong Suo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoyun Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Yang X, Delsante M, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Fenaroli P, Mandell KP, Wang X, Takahashi S, Halushka MK, Kopp JB, Levi M, Rosenberg AZ. Bile Acid Receptor Agonist Reverses Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Mediated Fibrogenesis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Kidney Organoids. J Transl Med 2024; 104:100336. [PMID: 38266922 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease progresses through the replacement of functional tissue compartments with fibrosis, a maladaptive repair process. Shifting kidney repair toward a physiologically intact architecture, rather than fibrosis, is key to blocking chronic kidney disease progression. Much research into the mechanisms of fibrosis is performed in rodent models with less attention to the human genetic context. Recently, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids have shown promise in overcoming the limitation. In this study, we developed a fibrosis model that uses human iPSC-based 3-dimensional renal organoids, in which exogenous transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induced the production of extracellular matrix. TGF-β1-treated organoids showed tubulocentric collagen 1α1 production by regulating downstream transcriptional regulators, Farnesoid X receptor, phosphorylated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (p-SMAD3), and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Increased nuclear TAZ expression was confirmed in the tubular epithelium in human kidney biopsies with tubular injury and early fibrosis. A dual bile acid receptor agonist (INT-767) increased Farnesoid X receptor and reduced p-SMAD3 and TAZ, attenuating TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in kidney organoids. Finally, we show that TAZ interacted with TEA-domain transcription factors and p-SMAD3 with TAZ and TEA-domain transcription factor 4 coregulating collagen 1α1 gene transcription. In summary, we establish a novel, readily manipulable fibrogenesis model and posit a role for bile acid receptor agonism early in renal parenchymal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marco Delsante
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Scuola di Specializione in Nefrologia, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Paride Fenaroli
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Scuola di Specializione in Nefrologia, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Shogo Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Avi Z Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Ilhan M, Hastar N, Kampfrath B, Spierling DN, Jatzlau J, Knaus P. BMP Stimulation Differentially Affects Phosphorylation and Protein Stability of β-Catenin in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4593. [PMID: 38731813 PMCID: PMC11083028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased expression and nuclear translocation of β-CATENIN is frequently observed in breast cancer, and it correlates with poor prognosis. Current treatment strategies targeting β-CATENIN are not as efficient as desired. Therefore, detailed understanding of β-CATENIN regulation is crucial. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and Wingless/Integrated (WNT) pathway crosstalk is well-studied for many cancer types including colorectal cancer, whereas it is still poorly understood for breast cancer. Analysis of breast cancer patient data revealed that BMP2 and BMP6 were significantly downregulated in tumors. Since mutation frequency in genes enhancing β-CATENIN protein stability is relatively low in breast cancer, we aimed to investigate whether decreased BMP ligand expression could contribute to a high protein level of β-CATENIN in breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that downstream of BMP stimulation, SMAD4 is required to reduce β-CATENIN protein stability through the phosphorylation in MCF7 and T47D cells. Consequently, BMP stimulation reduces β-CATENIN levels and prevents its nuclear translocation and target gene expression in MCF7 cells. Conversely, BMP stimulation has no effect on β-CATENIN phosphorylation or stability in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Likewise, SMAD4 modulation does not alter the response of those cells, indicating that SMAD4 alone is insufficient for BMP-induced β-CATENIN phosphorylation. While our data suggest that considering BMP activity may serve as a prognostic marker for understanding β-CATENIN accumulation risk, further investigation is needed to elucidate the differential responsiveness of breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ilhan
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nurcan Hastar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
- Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Branka Kampfrath
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
| | - Deniz Neslihan Spierling
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
| | - Jerome Jatzlau
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
- Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (M.I.); (N.H.); (B.K.); (D.N.S.)
- Berlin School of Integrative Oncology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Zhang H, Hong Z, Jiang Z, Hu W, Hu J, Zhu R. miR-29b-3p Affects the Hypertrophy of Ligamentum Flavum in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and its Mechanism. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10811-8. [PMID: 38625592 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
To explore the effect of miR-29b-3p on fibrosis and hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum (LF) in lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and its underlying mechanism. Patients with LSS and lumbar disc herniation (LDH) (control) undergoing posterior lumbar laminectomy were included in this study. Human LF samples were obtained for LF cell isolation, RNA, and protein extraction. Histomorphological analysis of LF was performed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. After isolation, culture, and transfection of primary LF cells, different transfection groups were constructed: NC-mimic, miR-29b-3p-mimic, NC-inhibitor, and miR-29b-3p-inhibitor. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of miR-29b-3p in LF and LF cells. Western blot analysis detected the protein expressions of P16 and CyclinD1. ELISA detected the protein expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, TLR4, Type I collagen, and Type III collagen. Finally, LF cell viability was detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay. The thickness of LF was significantly thicker in the LSS group compared to the LDH group (p < 0.05), accompanied by a higher calcification degree, more fibroblasts, and a larger area of collagen fiber proliferation. miR-29b-3p expression was significantly lower in LSS-derived LF tissues and cells than in LDH-derived tissues and cells (both p < 0.05). Compared to the NC-mimic group, the miR-29b-3p-mimic group exhibited significantly higher miR-29b-3p expression, decreased protein expressions of Type I collagen, Type III collagen, TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, TLR4, P16, and CyclinD1, and inhibited LF cell proliferation (all p < 0.05). As expected, the miR-29b-3p-inhibitor group displayed contrasting expression patterns (all p < 0.05). Compared to the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group, the Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) group showed significantly increased expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, TLR4, Type I collagen, Type III collagen, P16, and CyclinD1, as well as enhanced LF cell proliferation (all p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the TMAO group and the Ang II group (all p > 0.05). Upregulation of miR-29b-3p expression may play a role in improving LF fibrosis and hypertrophy in LSS by inhibiting P16 expression and suppressing the activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This finding offers new insights into future gene modification therapy for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dehong People's Hospital, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Dehong Hospital, Dehong, No.13 Yonghan Road, Mangshi District, 678400, China
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10, Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zhixiong Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Dehong People's Hospital, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Dehong Hospital, Dehong, No.13 Yonghan Road, Mangshi District, 678400, China
| | - Zehua Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Jiashao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dehong People's Hospital, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Dehong Hospital, Dehong, No.13 Yonghan Road, Mangshi District, 678400, China
| | - Rusen Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, No.190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300122, China.
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Tuppurainen H, Laurila N, Nätynki M, Eshraghi L, Tervasmäki A, Erichsen L, Sørensen CS, Pylkäs K, Winqvist R, Peltoketo H. PALB2-mutated human mammary cells display a broad spectrum of morphological and functional abnormalities induced by increased TGFβ signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:173. [PMID: 38597967 PMCID: PMC11006627 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in any of three major genes, BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2, are associated with high-risk hereditary breast cancer susceptibility frequently seen as familial disease clustering. PALB2 is a key interaction partner and regulator of several vital cellular activities of BRCA1 and BRCA2, and is thus required for DNA damage repair and alleviation of replicative and oxidative stress. Little is however known about how PALB2-deficiency affects cell function beyond that, especially in the three-dimensional setting, and also about its role during early steps of malignancy development. To answer these questions, we have generated biologically relevant MCF10A mammary epithelial cell lines with mutations that are comparable to certain clinically important PALB2 defects. We show in a non-cancerous background how both mono- and biallelically PALB2-mutated cells exhibit gross spontaneous DNA damage and mitotic aberrations. Furthermore, PALB2-deficiency disturbs three-dimensional spheroid morphology, increases the migrational capacity and invasiveness of the cells, and broadly alters their transcriptome profiles. TGFβ signaling and KRT14 expression are enhanced in PALB2-mutated cells and their inhibition and knock down, respectively, lead to partial restoration of cell functions. KRT14-positive cells are also more abundant with DNA damage than KRT14-negative cells. The obtained results indicate comprehensive cellular changes upon PALB2 mutations, even in the presence of half dosage of wild type PALB2 and demonstrate how PALB2 mutations may predispose their carriers to malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Tuppurainen
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niina Laurila
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjut Nätynki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leila Eshraghi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Louisa Erichsen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Northern Finland Laboratory Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Hellevi Peltoketo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Hu X, Gan L, Tang Z, Lin R, Liang Z, Li F, Zhu C, Han X, Zheng R, Shen J, Yu J, Luo N, Peng W, Tan J, Li X, Fan J, Wen Q, Wang X, Li J, Zheng X, Liu Q, Guo J, Shi G, Mao H, Chen W, Yin S, Zhou Y. A Natural Small Molecule Mitigates Kidney Fibrosis by Targeting Cdc42-mediated GSK-3β/β-catenin Signaling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307850. [PMID: 38240457 PMCID: PMC10987128 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a common fate of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), eventually leading to renal dysfunction. Yet, no effective treatment for this pathological process has been achieved. During the bioassay-guided chemical investigation of the medicinal plant Wikstroemia chamaedaphne, a daphne diterpenoid, daphnepedunin A (DA), is characterized as a promising anti-renal fibrotic lead. DA shows significant anti-kidney fibrosis effects in cultured renal fibroblasts and unilateral ureteral obstructed mice, being more potent than the clinical trial drug pirfenidone. Leveraging the thermal proteome profiling strategy, cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) is identified as the direct target of DA. Mechanistically, DA targets to reduce Cdc42 activity and down-regulates its downstream phospho-protein kinase Cζ(p-PKCζ)/phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β), thereby promoting β-catenin Ser33/37/Thr41 phosphorylation and ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis to block classical pro-fibrotic β-catenin signaling. These findings suggest that Cdc42 is a promising therapeutic target for kidney fibrosis, and highlight DA as a potent Cdc42 inhibitor for combating CKDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Hu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Lu Gan
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Ziwen Tang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruoni Lin
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Zhou Liang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Changjian Zhu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruilin Zheng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jiani Shen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wenxing Peng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jiaqing Tan
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Qiong Wen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xunhua Zheng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Institute of Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Guo‐Ping Shi
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
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Liu Y, Xiong W, Li J, Feng H, Jing S, Liu Y, Zhou H, Li D, Fu D, Xu C, He Y, Ye Q. Application of dental pulp stem cells for bone regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1339573. [PMID: 38487022 PMCID: PMC10938947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1339573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from severe trauma, tumors, inflammation, and other factors are increasingly prevalent. Stem cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), sourced from dental pulp, have garnered significant attention owing to their ready accessibility and minimal collection-associated risks. Ongoing investigations into DPSCs have revealed their potential to undergo osteogenic differentiation and their capacity to secrete a diverse array of ontogenetic components, such as extracellular vesicles and cell lysates. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of DPSCs and their secretory components, emphasizing extraction techniques and utilization while elucidating the intricate mechanisms governing bone regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the merits and demerits of cell and cell-free therapeutic modalities, as well as discuss the potential prospects, opportunities, and inherent challenges associated with DPSC therapy and cell-free therapies in the context of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixian Feng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuili Jing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Duan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Wang Y, Chen S, Bao S, Yao L, Wen Z, Xu L, Chen X, Guo S, Pang H, Zhou Y, Zhou P. Deciphering the fibrotic process: mechanism of chronic radiation skin injury fibrosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338922. [PMID: 38426100 PMCID: PMC10902513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the mechanisms of chronic radiation-induced skin injury fibrosis, focusing on the transition from acute radiation damage to a chronic fibrotic state. It reviewed the cellular and molecular responses of the skin to radiation, highlighting the role of myofibroblasts and the significant impact of Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) in promoting fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation. The review delves into the epigenetic regulation of fibrotic gene expression, the contribution of extracellular matrix proteins to the fibrotic microenvironment, and the regulation of the immune system in the context of fibrosis. Additionally, it discusses the potential of biomaterials and artificial intelligence in medical research to advance the understanding and treatment of radiation-induced skin fibrosis, suggesting future directions involving bioinformatics and personalized therapeutic strategies to enhance patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Wang
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shouying Chen
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuilan Bao
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Yao
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhongjian Wen
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lixia Xu
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Chen
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shengmin Guo
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haowen Pang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Wound Healing Basic Research and Clinical Application Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Fox SC, Waskiewicz AJ. Transforming growth factor beta signaling and craniofacial development: modeling human diseases in zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1338070. [PMID: 38385025 PMCID: PMC10879340 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1338070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Humans and other jawed vertebrates rely heavily on their craniofacial skeleton for eating, breathing, and communicating. As such, it is vital that the elements of the craniofacial skeleton develop properly during embryogenesis to ensure a high quality of life and evolutionary fitness. Indeed, craniofacial abnormalities, including cleft palate and craniosynostosis, represent some of the most common congenital abnormalities in newborns. Like many other organ systems, the development of the craniofacial skeleton is complex, relying on specification and migration of the neural crest, patterning of the pharyngeal arches, and morphogenesis of each skeletal element into its final form. These processes must be carefully coordinated and integrated. One way this is achieved is through the spatial and temporal deployment of cell signaling pathways. Recent studies conducted using the zebrafish model underscore the importance of the Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathways in craniofacial development. Although both pathways contain similar components, each pathway results in unique outcomes on a cellular level. In this review, we will cover studies conducted using zebrafish that show the necessity of these pathways in each stage of craniofacial development, starting with the induction of the neural crest, and ending with the morphogenesis of craniofacial elements. We will also cover human skeletal and craniofacial diseases and malformations caused by mutations in the components of these pathways (e.g., cleft palate, craniosynostosis, etc.) and the potential utility of zebrafish in studying the etiology of these diseases. We will also briefly cover the utility of the zebrafish model in joint development and biology and discuss the role of TGF-β/BMP signaling in these processes and the diseases that result from aberrancies in these pathways, including osteoarthritis and multiple synostoses syndrome. Overall, this review will demonstrate the critical roles of TGF-β/BMP signaling in craniofacial development and show the utility of the zebrafish model in development and disease.
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Yin JZ, Li ZQ, Zhang XD, Wan ZJ, Qin HR, Yao LH, Li BL, Gao F, Yang YY. Bufotalin attenuates pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176293. [PMID: 38158113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease with no cure. Bufotalin (BT), an active component extracted from Venenum Bufonis, has been prescribed as a treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases. However, whether BT has antifibrotic properties has never been investigated. In this study, we report on the potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of BT on IPF. BT was shown to attenuate lung injury, inflammation, and fibrosis as well as preserve pulmonary function in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model. We next confirmed BT's ability to inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and myofibroblast activation (including differentiation, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix production) in vitro. Furthermore, transcriptional profile analysis indicated the Wnt signaling pathway as a potential target of BT. Mechanistically, BT effectively prevented β-catenin from translocating into the nucleus to activate transcription of profibrotic genes. This was achieved by blunting TGF-β1-induced increases in phosphorylated Akt Ser437 (p-Akt S437) and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β Ser9 (p-GSK-3β S9), thereby reactivating GSK-3β. Additionally, the antifibrotic effects of BT were further validated in another in vivo model of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, these data demonstrated the potent antifibrotic actions of BT through inhibition of Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin axis downstream of TGF-β1. Thus, BT could be a potential option to be further explored in IPF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhong Yin
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, 200003, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-Qing Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-de Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Wan
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Ran Qin
- Department of Nuclear Radiation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, 507, Zhengmin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu-Huan Yao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Bai-Long Li
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan-Yong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China; Basic Medical Center for Pulmonary Disease, Naval Medical University, 800, Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China.
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Lu S, Chen X, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Luo J, Jiang H, Fang L, Zhou H. Downregulation of PDZK1 by TGF-β1 promotes renal fibrosis via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:116015. [PMID: 38158021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.116015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells promotes renal fibrosis and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). PDZ domain-containing 1 (PDZK1) is highly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells; however, its role in TGF-β1-induced EMT remains poorly understood. The present study showed that PDZK1 expression was extremely downregulated in fibrotic mouse kidneys and its negative correlation with TGF-β1 expression and the degree of renal fibrosis. In addition, TGF-β1 downregulated the mRNA expression of PDZK1 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The downregulation of PDZK1 exacerbated TGF-β1-induced EMT upon oxidative stress, while the overexpression of PDZK1 had the converse effect. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that TGF-β1 downregulated PDZK1 expression via p38 MAPK or PI3K/AKT signaling in vitro, but independently of ERK/JNK MAPK signaling. Meanwhile, inhibition of the p38/JNK MAPK or PI3K/AKT signaling using chemical inhibitors restored the PDZK1 expression, mitigated renal fibrosis, and elevated renal levels of endogenous antioxidants carnitine and ergothioneine in adenine-induced CKD mice. These findings provide the first evidence suggesting a negative correlation between PDZK1 and renal fibrosis, and identifying PDZK1 as a novel suppressor of renal fibrosis in CKD through ameliorating oxidant stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghui Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yingqiong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321036, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321036, China.
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Qiu L, Sun Y, Ning H, Chen G, Zhao W, Gao Y. The scaffold protein AXIN1: gene ontology, signal network, and physiological function. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:77. [PMID: 38291457 PMCID: PMC10826278 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AXIN1, has been initially identified as a prominent antagonist within the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, and subsequently unveiled its integral involvement across a diverse spectrum of signaling cascades. These encompass the WNT/β-catenin, Hippo, TGFβ, AMPK, mTOR, MAPK, and antioxidant signaling pathways. The versatile engagement of AXIN1 underscores its pivotal role in the modulation of developmental biological signaling, maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, and coordination of cellular stress responses. The multifaceted functionalities of AXIN1 render it as a compelling candidate for targeted intervention in the realms of degenerative pathologies, systemic metabolic disorders, cancer therapeutics, and anti-aging strategies. This review provides an intricate exploration of the mechanisms governing mammalian AXIN1 gene expression and protein turnover since its initial discovery, while also elucidating its significance in the regulation of signaling pathways, tissue development, and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we have introduced the innovative concept of the AXIN1-Associated Phosphokinase Complex (AAPC), where the scaffold protein AXIN1 assumes a pivotal role in orchestrating site-specific phosphorylation modifications through interactions with various phosphokinases and their respective substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yixuan Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Haoming Ning
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wenshan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Heikes KL, Goldstein B. Expression patterns of FGF and BMP pathway genes in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.29.577774. [PMID: 38352320 PMCID: PMC10862696 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.29.577774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A small number of conserved signaling pathways regulate development of most animals, yet we do not know where these pathways are deployed in most embryos. This includes tardigrades, a phylum with a unique body shape. We examined expression patterns of components of the BMP and FGF signaling pathways during embryonic segmentation and mesoderm development of the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. Among the patterns examined, we found that an FGF ligand gene is expressed in ectodermal segment posteriors and an FGF receptor gene is expressed in underlying endomesodermal pouches, suggesting possible FGF signaling between these developing germ layers. We found that a BMP ligand gene is expressed in lateral ectoderm and dorsolateral bands along segment posteriors, while the BMP antagonist Sog gene is expressed in lateral ectoderm and also in a subset of endomesodermal cells, suggesting a possible role of BMP signaling in dorsal-ventral patterning of lateral ectoderm. In combination with known roles of these pathways during development of common model systems, we developed hypotheses for how the BMP and FGF pathways might regulate embryo segmentation and mesoderm formation of the tardigrade H. exemplaris. These results identify the expression patterns of genes from two conserved signaling pathways for the first time in the tardigrade phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L. Heikes
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bob Goldstein
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Hashimshony T, Levin L, Fröbius AC, Dahan N, Chalifa-Caspi V, Hamo R, Gabai-Almog O, Blais I, Assaraf YG, Lubzens E. A transcriptomic examination of encased rotifer embryos reveals the developmental trajectory leading to long-term dormancy; are they "animal seeds"? BMC Genomics 2024; 25:119. [PMID: 38281016 PMCID: PMC10821554 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organisms from many distinct evolutionary lineages acquired the capacity to enter a dormant state in response to environmental conditions incompatible with maintaining normal life activities. Most studied organisms exhibit seasonal or annual episodes of dormancy, but numerous less studied organisms enter long-term dormancy, lasting decades or even centuries. Intriguingly, many planktonic animals produce encased embryos known as resting eggs or cysts that, like plant seeds, may remain dormant for decades. Herein, we studied a rotifer Brachionus plicatilis as a model planktonic species that forms encased dormant embryos via sexual reproduction and non-dormant embryos via asexual reproduction and raised the following questions: Which genes are expressed at which time points during embryogenesis? How do temporal transcript abundance profiles differ between the two types of embryos? When does the cell cycle arrest? How do dormant embryos manage energy? RESULTS As the molecular developmental kinetics of encased embryos remain unknown, we employed single embryo RNA sequencing (CEL-seq) of samples collected during dormant and non-dormant embryogenesis. We identified comprehensive and temporal transcript abundance patterns of genes and their associated enriched functional pathways. Striking differences were uncovered between dormant and non-dormant embryos. In early development, the cell cycle-associated pathways were enriched in both embryo types but terminated with fewer nuclei in dormant embryos. As development progressed, the gene transcript abundance profiles became increasingly divergent between dormant and non-dormant embryos. Organogenesis was suspended in dormant embryos, concomitant with low transcript abundance of homeobox genes, and was replaced with an ATP-poor preparatory phase characterized by very high transcript abundance of genes encoding for hallmark dormancy proteins (e.g., LEA proteins, sHSP, and anti-ROS proteins, also found in plant seeds) and proteins involved in dormancy exit. Surprisingly, this period appeared analogous to the late maturation phase of plant seeds. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights novel divergent temporal transcript abundance patterns between dormant and non-dormant embryos. Remarkably, several convergent functional solutions appear during the development of resting eggs and plant seeds, suggesting a similar preparatory phase for long-term dormancy. This study accentuated the broad novel molecular features of long-term dormancy in encased animal embryos that behave like "animal seeds".
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Hashimshony
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Liron Levin
- National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Andreas C Fröbius
- Molecular Andrology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Nitsan Dahan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vered Chalifa-Caspi
- National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Reini Hamo
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Oshri Gabai-Almog
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Idit Blais
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and IVF, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Esther Lubzens
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
- (Retired) Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa, Israel.
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Mokady D, Charish J, Barretto-Burns P, Grisé KN, Coles BLK, Raab S, Ortin-Martinez A, Müller A, Fasching B, Jain P, Drukker M, van der Kooy D, Steger M. Small-Molecule-Directed Endogenous Regeneration of Visual Function in a Mammalian Retinal Degeneration Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1521. [PMID: 38338800 PMCID: PMC10855388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Degenerative retinal diseases associated with photoreceptor loss are a leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, with limited treatment options. Phenotypic profiling coupled with medicinal chemistry were used to develop a small molecule with proliferative effects on retinal stem/progenitor cells, as assessed in vitro in a neurosphere assay and in vivo by measuring Msx1-positive ciliary body cell proliferation. The compound was identified as having kinase inhibitory activity and was subjected to cellular pathway analysis in non-retinal human primary cell systems. When tested in a disease-relevant murine model of adult retinal degeneration (MNU-induced retinal degeneration), we observed that four repeat intravitreal injections of the compound improved the thickness of the outer nuclear layer along with the regeneration of the visual function, as measured with ERG, visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity tests. This serves as a proof of concept for the use of a small molecule to promote endogenous regeneration in the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Mokady
- Endogena Therapeutics, Inc., 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 0B7, Canada (P.B.-B.)
| | - Jason Charish
- Endogena Therapeutics, Inc., 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 0B7, Canada (P.B.-B.)
| | | | - Kenneth N. Grisé
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre Rm 1110, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Brenda L. K. Coles
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre Rm 1110, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Susanne Raab
- Endogena Therapeutics, AG, Binzmuehlestrasse 170 d, CH-8050 Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Arturo Ortin-Martinez
- Endogena Therapeutics, Inc., 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 0B7, Canada (P.B.-B.)
| | - Alex Müller
- Endogena Therapeutics, AG, Binzmuehlestrasse 170 d, CH-8050 Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Fasching
- Endogena Therapeutics, AG, Binzmuehlestrasse 170 d, CH-8050 Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Payal Jain
- Endogena Therapeutics, Inc., 661 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 0B7, Canada (P.B.-B.)
| | - Micha Drukker
- Endogena Therapeutics, AG, Binzmuehlestrasse 170 d, CH-8050 Zuerich, Switzerland
| | - Derek van der Kooy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre Rm 1110, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Matthias Steger
- Endogena Therapeutics, AG, Binzmuehlestrasse 170 d, CH-8050 Zuerich, Switzerland
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Koosha E, Brenna CTA, Ashique AM, Jain N, Ovens K, Koike T, Kitagawa H, Eames BF. Proteoglycan inhibition of canonical BMP-dependent cartilage maturation delays endochondral ossification. Development 2024; 151:dev201716. [PMID: 38117077 PMCID: PMC10820745 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
During endochondral ossification, chondrocytes secrete a proteoglycan (PG)-rich extracellular matrix that can inhibit the process of cartilage maturation, including expression of Ihh and Col10a1. Because bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) can promote cartilage maturation, we hypothesized that cartilage PGs normally inhibit BMP signalling. Accordingly, BMP signalling was evaluated in chondrocytes of wild-type and PG mutant (fam20b-/-) zebrafish and inhibited with temporal control using the drug DMH1 or an inducible dominant-negative BMP receptor transgene (dnBMPR). Compared with wild type, phospho-Smad1/5/9, but not phospho-p38, was increased in fam20b-/- chondrocytes, but only after they secreted PGs. Phospho-Smad1/5/9 was decreased in DMH1-treated or dnBMPR-activated wild-type chondrocytes, and DMH1 also decreased phospho-p38 levels. ihha and col10a1a were decreased in DMH1-treated or dnBMPR-activated chondrocytes, and less perichondral bone formed. Finally, early ihha and col10a1a expression and early perichondral bone formation of fam20b mutants were rescued with DMH1 treatment or dnBMPR activation. Therefore, PG inhibition of canonical BMP-dependent cartilage maturation delays endochondral ossification, and these results offer hope for the development of growth factor therapies for skeletal defects of PG diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Koosha
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Connor T. A. Brenna
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Amir M. Ashique
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Niteesh Jain
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Katie Ovens
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Toshiyasu Koike
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0003, Japan
| | - B. Frank Eames
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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Cai B, Ma M, Yuan R, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Kong S, Lin D, Lian L, Li J, Zhang X, Nie Q. MYH1G-AS is a chromatin-associated lncRNA that regulates skeletal muscle development in chicken. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:9. [PMID: 38177995 PMCID: PMC10765903 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle development is pivotal for animal growth and health. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were found to interact with chromatin through diverse roles. However, little is known about how lncRNAs act as chromatin-associated RNAs to regulate skeletal muscle development. Here, we aim to investigate the regulation of chromatin-associated RNA (MYH1G-AS) during skeletal muscle development. METHODS We provided comprehensive insight into the RNA profile and chromatin accessibility of different myofibers, combining RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq). The dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to analyze the transcriptional regulation mechanism of MYH1G-AS. ALKBH5-mediated MYH1G-AS N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylation was assessed by a single-base elongation and ligation-based qPCR amplification method (SELECT) assay. Functions of MYH1G-AS were investigated through a primary myoblast and lentivirus/cholesterol-modified antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated animal model. To validate the interaction of MYH1G-AS with fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) protein, RNA pull down and an RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were performed. Specifically, the interaction between FGF18 and SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 5 (SMARCA5) protein was analyzed by coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and a yeast two-hybrid assay. RESULTS A total of 45 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, with DE ATAC-seq peaks in their promoter region, were classified as open chromatin-associated lncRNAs. A skeletal muscle-specific lncRNA (MSTRG.15576.9; MYH1G-AS), which is one of the open chromatin-associated lncRNA, was identified. MYH1G-AS transcription is coordinately regulated by transcription factors (TF) SMAD3 and SP2. Moreover, SP2 represses ALKBH5 transcription to weaken ALKBH5-mediated m6A demethylation of MYH1G-AS, thus destroying MYH1G-AS RNA stability. MYH1G-AS accelerates myoblast proliferation but restrains myoblast differentiation. Moreover, MYH1G-AS drives a switch from slow-twitch to fast-twitch fibers and causes muscle atrophy. Mechanistically, MYH1G-AS inhibits FGF18 protein stabilization to reduce the interaction of FGF18 to SMARCA5, thus repressing chromatin accessibility of the SMAD4 promoter to activate the SMAD4-dependent pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a new pattern of the regulation of lncRNA expression at diverse levels and help expound the regulation of m6A methylation on chromatin status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongshuai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, New Hunt's House, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Shaofen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Lian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Livestock Breeding, Guangzhou, China.
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Rahman SMT, Zhou W, Deiters A, Haugh JM. Dissection of MKK6 and p38 Signaling Using Light-Activated Protein Kinases. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300551. [PMID: 37856284 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stress-activated signaling pathways orchestrate cellular behaviors and fates. Studying the precise role(s) of stress-activated protein kinases is challenging, because stress conditions induce adaptation and impose selection pressure. To meet this challenge, we have applied an optogenetic system with a single plasmid to express light-activated p38α or its upstream activator, MKK6, in conjunction with live-cell fluorescence microscopy. In starved cells, decaging of constitutively active p38α or MKK6 by brief exposure to UV light elicits rapid p38-mediated signaling, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and apoptosis with different kinetics. In parallel, light activation of p38α also suppresses autophagosome formation, similarly to stimulation with growth factors that activate PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling. Active MKK6 negatively regulates serum-induced ERK activity, which is p38-independent as previously reported. Here, we reproduce that result with the one plasmid system and show that although decaging active p38α does not reduce basal ERK activity in our cells, it can block growth factor-stimulated ERK signaling in serum-starved cells. These results clarify the roles of MKK6 and p38α in dynamic signaling programs, which act in concert to actuate apoptotic death while suppressing cell survival mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Md Toufiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Jason M Haugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Chaudhary R, Goodman LS, Wang S, Asimakopoulos A, Weiskirchen R, Dooley S, Ehrlich M, Henis YI. Cholesterol modulates type I/II TGF-β receptor complexes and alters the balance between Smad and Akt signaling in hepatocytes. Commun Biol 2024; 7:8. [PMID: 38168942 PMCID: PMC10761706 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol mediates membrane compartmentalization, affecting signaling via differential distribution of receptors and signaling mediators. While excessive cholesterol and aberrant transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling characterize multiple liver diseases, their linkage to canonical vs. non-canonical TGF-β signaling remained unclear. Here, we subjected murine hepatocytes to cholesterol depletion (CD) or enrichment (CE), followed by biophysical studies on TGF-β receptor heterocomplex formation, and output to Smad2/3 vs. Akt pathways. Prior to ligand addition, raft-dependent preformed heteromeric receptor complexes were observed. Smad2/3 phosphorylation persisted following CD or CE. CD enhanced phospho-Akt (pAkt) formation by TGF-β or epidermal growth factor (EGF) at 5 min, while reducing it at later time points. Conversely, pAkt formation by TGF-β or EGF was inhibited by CE, suggesting a direct effect on the Akt pathway. The modulation of the balance between TGF-β signaling to Smad2/3 vs. pAkt (by TGF-β or EGF) has potential implications for hepatic diseases and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohi Chaudhary
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laureen S Goodman
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Yoav I Henis
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Qin K, Yu M, Fan J, Wang H, Zhao P, Zhao G, Zeng W, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang A, Schwartz Z, Hong J, Song L, Wagstaff W, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Ho SH, Strelzow J, Reid RR, He TC, Shi LL. Canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk. Genes Dis 2024; 11:103-134. [PMID: 37588235 PMCID: PMC10425814 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either through β-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the noncanonical pathway. Many of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body, establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling pathways. This crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ processes. Dysregulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems, including cancer and embryological defects, and can even cause embryonic lethality. The complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic treatments. However, both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be addressed. This review synthesized much of the current knowledge on the Wnt signaling pathway, beginning with the history of Wnt signaling. It thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling, including canonical, noncanonical Wnt/PCP, and the noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. Further description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular processes. Finally, this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Qin
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Yu
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Piao Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guozhi Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Interventional Neurology, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523475, China
| | - Connie Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Annie Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zander Schwartz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hong
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lily Song
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - William Wagstaff
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin H. Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R. Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development, Department of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Wang S, Link F, Han M, Chaudhary R, Asimakopoulos A, Liebe R, Yao Y, Hammad S, Dropmann A, Krizanac M, Rubie C, Feiner LK, Glanemann M, Ebert MPA, Weiskirchen R, Henis YI, Ehrlich M, Dooley S. The Interplay of TGF-β1 and Cholesterol Orchestrating Hepatocyte Cell Fate, EMT, and Signals for HSC Activation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:567-587. [PMID: 38154598 PMCID: PMC10883985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays important roles in chronic liver diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MASLD involves various biological processes including dysfunctional cholesterol metabolism and contributes to progression to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the reciprocal regulation of TGF-β1 signaling and cholesterol metabolism in MASLD is yet unknown. METHODS Changes in transcription of genes associated with cholesterol metabolism were assessed by RNA sequencing of murine hepatocyte cell line (alpha mouse liver 12/AML12) and mouse primary hepatocytes treated with TGF-β1. Functional assays were performed on AML12 cells (untreated, TGF-β1 treated, or subjected to cholesterol enrichment [CE] or cholesterol depletion [CD]), and on mice injected with adenovirus-associated virus 8-control/TGF-β1. RESULTS TGF-β1 inhibited messenger RNA expression of several cholesterol metabolism regulatory genes, including rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol biosynthesis in AML12 cells, mouse primary hepatocytes, and adenovirus-associated virus-TGF-β1-treated mice. Total cholesterol levels and lipid droplet accumulation in AML12 cells and liver tissue also were reduced upon TGF-β1 treatment. Smad2/3 phosphorylation after 2 hours of TGF-β1 treatment persisted after CE or CD and was mildly increased after CD, whereas TGF-β1-mediated AKT phosphorylation (30 min) was inhibited by CE. Furthermore, CE protected AML12 cells from several effects mediated by 72 hours of incubation with TGF-β1, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, actin polymerization, and apoptosis. CD mimicked the outcome of long-term TGF-β1 administration, an effect that was blocked by an inhibitor of the type I TGF-β receptor. In addition, the supernatant of CE- or CD-treated AML12 cells inhibited or promoted, respectively, the activation of LX-2 hepatic stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 inhibits cholesterol metabolism whereas cholesterol attenuates TGF-β1 downstream effects in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frederik Link
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Roohi Chaudhary
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roman Liebe
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Dropmann
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marinela Krizanac
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudia Rubie
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Laura Kim Feiner
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias Glanemann
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center of Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yoav I Henis
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marcelo Ehrlich
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Harvey BJ, Harvey HM. Sex Differences in Colon Cancer: Genomic and Nongenomic Signalling of Oestrogen. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2225. [PMID: 38137047 PMCID: PMC10742859 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy that exhibits distinct differences in incidence, prognosis, and treatment responses between males and females. These disparities have long been attributed to hormonal differences, particularly the influence of oestrogen signalling. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sex differences in colon cancer and the protective role of membrane and nuclear oestrogen signalling in CRC development, progression, and therapeutic interventions. We discuss the epidemiological and molecular evidence supporting sex differences in colon cancer, followed by an exploration of the impact of oestrogen in CRC through various genomic and nongenomic signalling pathways involving membrane and nuclear oestrogen receptors. Furthermore, we examine the interplay between oestrogen receptors and other signalling pathways, in particular the Wnt/β-catenin proliferative pathway and hypoxia in shaping biological sex differences and oestrogen protective actions in colon cancer. Lastly, we highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting oestrogen signalling in the management of colon cancer and propose future research directions to address the current gaps in our understanding of this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Harvey
- Faculty of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Harry M. Harvey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z5, Canada;
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Bačenková D, Trebuňová M, Demeterová J, Živčák J. Human Chondrocytes, Metabolism of Articular Cartilage, and Strategies for Application to Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17096. [PMID: 38069417 PMCID: PMC10707713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage, which is characterized by the absence of vascularization and innervation, has minimal self-repair potential in case of damage and defect formation in the chondral layer. Chondrocytes are specialized cells that ensure the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, namely type II collagen and aggregen. On their surface, they express integrins CD44, α1β1, α3β1, α5β1, α10β1, αVβ1, αVβ3, and αVβ5, which are also collagen-binding components of the extracellular matrix. This article aims to contribute to solving the problem of the possible repair of chondral defects through unique methods of tissue engineering, as well as the process of pathological events in articular cartilage. In vitro cell culture models used for hyaline cartilage repair could bring about advanced possibilities. Currently, there are several variants of the combination of natural and synthetic polymers and chondrocytes. In a three-dimensional environment, chondrocytes retain their production capacity. In the case of mesenchymal stromal cells, their favorable ability is to differentiate into a chondrogenic lineage in a three-dimensional culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Bačenková
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia; (M.T.); (J.D.); (J.Ž.)
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48
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Richardson L, Wilcockson SG, Guglielmi L, Hill CS. Context-dependent TGFβ family signalling in cell fate regulation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:876-894. [PMID: 37596501 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family are a large group of evolutionarily conserved cytokines whose signalling modulates cell fate decision-making across varying cellular contexts at different stages of life. Here we discuss new findings in early embryos that reveal how, in contrast to our original understanding of morphogen interpretation, robust cell fate specification can originate from a noisy combination of signalling inputs and a broad range of signalling levels. We compare this evidence with novel findings on the roles of TGFβ family signalling in tissue maintenance and homeostasis during juvenile and adult life, spanning the skeletal, haemopoietic and immune systems. From these comparisons, it emerges that in contrast to robust developing systems, relatively small perturbations in TGFβ family signalling have detrimental effects at later stages in life, leading to aberrant cell fate specification and disease, for example in cancer or congenital disorders. Finally, we highlight novel strategies to target and amend dysfunction in signalling and discuss how gleaning knowledge from different fields of biology can help in the development of therapeutics for aberrant TGFβ family signalling in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Richardson
- Developmental Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Scott G Wilcockson
- Developmental Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Luca Guglielmi
- Developmental Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Division of Cell Biology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline S Hill
- Developmental Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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49
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Ge R, Huang GM. Targeting transforming growth factor beta signaling in metastatic osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2023; 43:100513. [PMID: 38021074 PMCID: PMC10666000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare type of bone cancer, and half of the cases affect children and adolescents younger than 20 years of age. Despite intensive efforts to improve both chemotherapeutics and surgical management, the clinical outcome for metastatic osteosarcoma remains poor. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is one of the most abundant growth factors in bones. The TGF-β signaling pathway has complex and contradictory roles in the pathogenesis of human cancers. TGF-β is primarily a tumor suppressor that inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of premalignant epithelial cells. In the later stages of cancer progression, however, TGF-β functions as a metastasis promoter by promoting tumor growth, inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), blocking antitumor immune responses, increasing tumor-associated fibrosis, and enhancing angiogenesis. In contrast with the dual effects of TGF-β on carcinoma (epithelial origin) progression, TGF-β seems to mainly have a pro-tumoral effect on sarcomas including osteosarcoma (mesenchymal origin). Many drugs that target TGF-β signaling have been developed: neutralizing antibodies that prevent TGF-β binding to receptor complexes; ligand trap employing recombinant Fc-fusion proteins containing the soluble ectodomain of either type II (TβRII) or the type III receptor ((TβRIII), preventing TGF-β from binding to its receptors; antisense nucleotides that reduce TGF-β expression at the transcriptional/translational level; small molecule inhibitors of serine/threonine kinases of the type I receptor (TβRI) preventing downstream signaling; and vaccines that contain cell lines transfected with TβRII antisense genes, or target furin convertase, resulting in reduced TGF-β signaling. TGF-β antagonists have been shown to have effects on osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. One of the small molecule TβRI inhibitors, Vactosertib, is currently undergoing a phase 1/2 clinical trial to evaluate its effect on osteosarcoma. Several phase 1/2/3 clinical trials have shown TGF-β antagonists are safe and well tolerated. For instance, Luspatercept, a TGF-β ligand trap, has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of anemia associated with myeloid dysplastic syndrome (MDS) with ring sideroblasts/mutated SF3B1 with acceptable safety. Clinical trials evaluating the long-term safety of Luspatercept are in process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ge
- Hillman Cancer Center at Central Pennsylvania, University of Pittsburg Medical Center, Harrisburg, PA, 17109, USA
| | - Gavin M. Huang
- Harrisburg Academy School, 10 Erford Rd, Wormleysburg, PA, 17043, USA
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50
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Hajian M, Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani S, Jafarpour F, Tanhaei Vash N, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Pluripotency and embryonic lineage genes expression in the presence of small molecule inhibitors of FGF, TGFβ and GSK3 during pre-implantation development of goat embryos. Gene Expr Patterns 2023; 50:119334. [PMID: 37678700 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2023.119334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Generating stable livestock pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be used for complex genome editing, cellular agriculture, gamete generation, regenerative medicine and in vitro breeding schemes. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in characterizing pluripotency markers for livestock species. In this study, we investigated embryo development and gene expression of the core pluripotency triad (OCT4, NANOG, SOX2) and cell lineage commitment markers (REX1, CDX2, GATA4) in the presence of three small molecules and their combination [PD0325901 (FGF inhibitor), SB431542 (TGFβ inhibitor), and CHIR99021 (GSK3B inhibitor)] from day 2-7 post-insemination in goat. Significant reduction in rate of blastocyst formation was observed when SB was used along with PD or CHIR and their three combinations had more sever effect. SB and CHIR decreased the expression of SOX2 while increasing the GATA4 expression. PD decrease the relative expression of NANOG, OCT4 and GATA4, while increased the expression of REX1. Among the combination of two molecules, only SB + CHIR combination significantly decreased the expression of GATA4, while the combination of the three molecules significantly decreases the expression of NANOG, SOX2 and CDX2. According to these results, the inhibition of the FGF signaling pathway, by PD may lead to blocking the hypoblast formation as observed by reduction of GATA4. OCT4 and NANOG expressions did not show signs of maintenance pluripotency. GATA4, NANOG and OCT4 in the PD group were downregulated and REX1 as EPI-marker was upregulated thus REX1 may be considered as a marker of EPI/ICM in goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shiva Rouhollahi Varnosfaderani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nima Tanhaei Vash
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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