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Chatterjee S, Subudhi BB, Chattopadhyay S. A hidden gem Catenin-α-1 is essential for Chikungunya virus infection. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0248523. [PMID: 37962368 PMCID: PMC10715081 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02485-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Chatterjee
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Bharat Bhusan Subudhi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Soma Chattopadhyay
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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2
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Yang Y, Li S, Li Y, Lv L, Ye D, Kang J, Yu T, Wang Y, Wu H. α-Catenin acetylation is essential for its stability and blocks its tumor suppressor effects in breast cancer through Yap1. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1624-1635. [PMID: 37679528 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
α-Catenin plays a critical role in tissue integrity, repair, and embryonic development. However, the post-translational modifications of α-catenin and the correlative roles in regulating cancer progression remain unclear. Here, we report that α-catenin is acetylated by p300, and identify three acetylation sites, K45, K866, and K881. Conversely, α-catenin acetylation can be reversed by deacetylase HDAC6. Mechanistically, α-catenin acetylation releases the transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein 1 (Yap1) by blocking the interaction between α-catenin and Yap1, and promotes the accumulation of Yap1 in the nucleus. Through this mechanism, acetylation weakens the capacity of α-catenin to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in mice. Meanwhile, we show that CDDP induces acetylation of α-catenin, and acetylated α-catenin resists the apoptosis under CDDP conditions. Additionally, acetylation inhibits the proteasome-dependent degradation of α-catenin, thus enhancing the stability of α-catenin for storage. Taken together, our results demonstrate that α-catenin can be acetylated, an event that is key for the subcellular distribution of Yap1 and subsequent facilitation of breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Yang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yulin Li
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Linlin Lv
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongman Ye
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Kang
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaming Wang
- The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Bioengineering & Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Disease, Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
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3
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Chen X, Xu Z, Tang K, Hu G, Du P, Wang J, Zhang C, Xin Y, Li K, Zhang Q, Hu J, Zhang Z, Yang M, Wang G, Tan Y. The Mechanics of Tumor Cells Dictate Malignancy via Cytoskeleton-Mediated APC/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0224. [PMID: 37746658 PMCID: PMC10513157 DOI: 10.34133/research.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells progressively remodel cytoskeletal structures and reduce cellular stiffness during tumor progression, implicating the correlation between cell mechanics and malignancy. However, the roles of tumor cell cytoskeleton and the mechanics in tumor progression remain incompletely understood. We report that softening/stiffening tumor cells by targeting actomyosin promotes/suppresses self-renewal in vitro and tumorigenic potential in vivo. Weakening/strengthening actin cytoskeleton impairs/reinforces the interaction between adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and β-catenin, which facilitates β-catenin nuclear/cytoplasmic localization. Nuclear β-catenin binds to the promoter of Oct4, which enhances its transcription that is crucial in sustaining self-renewal and malignancy. These results demonstrate that the mechanics of tumor cells dictate self-renewal through cytoskeleton-APC-Wnt/β-catenin-Oct4 signaling, which are correlated with tumor differentiation and patient survival. This study unveils an uncovered regulatory role of cell mechanics in self-renewal and malignancy, and identifies tumor cell mechanics as a hallmark not only for cancer diagnosis but also for mechanotargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zichen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanshuo Hu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pengyu Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junfang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cunyu Zhang
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Xin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keming Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiantang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Zhuxue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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4
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Lange C, Brüggemann J, Thüner T, Jauckus J, Strowitzki T, Germeyer A. Changes in the expression of cancer- and metastasis-related genes and proteins after metformin treatment under different metabolic conditions in endometrial cancer cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16678. [PMID: 37313172 PMCID: PMC10258389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research question Hyperinsulinemia and elevated estrogen levels are known risk factors for endometrial cancer (EC) development and are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance, among others. Metformin, an insulin-sensitizing drug, displays anti-tumor effects in cancer patients, including EC, but the mechanism of action is still not completely understood. In the present study, the effects of metformin on gene and protein expression were investigated in pre- and postmenopausal EC in vitro models in order to identify candidates that are potentially involved in the drug's anti-cancer mechanism. Design After treating the cells with metformin (0.1 and 1.0 mmol/L), changes in the expression of >160 cancer- and metastasis-related gene transcripts were evaluated with RNA arrays. A total of 19 genes and 7 proteins were selected for a follow-up expression analysis, including further treatment conditions, in order to evaluate the influence of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia on metformin-induced effects. Results Changes in the expression of BCL2L11, CDH1, CDKN1A, COL1A1, PTEN, MMP9 and TIMP2 were analyzed on gene and protein level. The consequences resulting from the detected expression changes as well as the influence of varying environmental influences are discussed in detail. With the presented data, we contribute to a better understanding of the direct anti-cancer activity of metformin as well as its underlying mechanism of action in EC cells. Conclusions Although further research will be necessary to confirm the data, the influence of different environmental settings on metformin-induced effects could be highlighted with the presented data. Additionally, gene and protein regulation were not similar in the pre- and postmenopausal in vitro models.
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Lin WH, Cooper LM, Anastasiadis PZ. Cadherins and catenins in cancer: connecting cancer pathways and tumor microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1137013. [PMID: 37255594 PMCID: PMC10225604 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1137013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherin-catenin complexes are integral components of the adherens junctions crucial for cell-cell adhesion and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of these complexes is linked to cancer development via alteration of cell-autonomous oncogenic signaling pathways and extrinsic tumor microenvironment. Advances in multiomics have uncovered key signaling events in multiple cancer types, creating a need for a better understanding of the crosstalk between cadherin-catenin complexes and oncogenic pathways. In this review, we focus on the biological functions of classical cadherins and associated catenins, describe how their dysregulation influences major cancer pathways, and discuss feedback regulation mechanisms between cadherin complexes and cellular signaling. We discuss evidence of cross regulation in the following contexts: Hippo-Yap/Taz and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, key pathways involved in cell proliferation and growth; Wnt, Notch, and hedgehog signaling, key developmental pathways involved in human cancer; as well as TGFβ and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program, an important process for cancer cell plasticity. Moreover, we briefly explore the role of cadherins and catenins in mechanotransduction and the immune tumor microenvironment.
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6
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Jaiswal A, Singh R. CtBP: A global regulator of balancing acts and homeostases. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188886. [PMID: 37001619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The classical role of C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) is that of a global corepressor. However, its exact mechanism of repression is not known. In this review, we elucidate the repression motif used by CtBP. Further, we provide other unifying features of its mechanism of action. For example, in the presence of a high NADH/NAD+ ratio in the cell, causing a low glycolytic condition, the NADH-bound dimeric form of CtBP causes global repression, maintaining balances and homeostases of many cellular processes, under the cell surveillance of p53 and NFkB. In contrast, in the presence of a low NADH/NAD+ ratio, causing a high glycolytic condition, the NADH-free monomeric form of CtBP blocks p53 function and NFkB-mediated transcription. Further, a low NADH/NAD+ ratio upsets the homeostases and balances in the absence of the cell surveillances of p53 and NFkB, causing global instability, the dominant outcome of CtBP's action in carcinogenesis, in cells in a high glycolytic state.
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7
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Huang J, Wang H, Xu Y, Li C, Lv X, Han X, Chen X, Chen Y, Yu Z. The Role of CTNNA1 in Malignancies: An Updated Review. J Cancer 2023; 14:219-230. [PMID: 36741258 PMCID: PMC9891874 DOI: 10.7150/jca.79236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Catenin alpha 1 (CTNNA1), encoding α-catenin, is involved in several physiological activities, such as adherens junction synthesis and signal transduction. Recent studies have suggested additional functions for CTNNA1 malignancies. This review systematically summarizes the varying functions of CTNNA1 in different tumors and briefly describes the diverse pathways and mechanisms involved in different types of tumors. CTNNA1 is abnormally expressed in leukemia and solid tumor such as cancers of digestive system, genitourinary system and breast, and it's related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tumors. In addition, the possible physiological processes involving CTNNA1, such as methylation, miRNA interference, or regulatory axes, similar to those of CDH1, SETD2, and hsa-miR-30d-5p/GJA1 are also summarized here. The precise mechanism of CTNNA1 in most cancers remains uncertain; hence, additional pre-clinical studies of CTNNA1 are warranted for potential early tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230023, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyue Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintong Han
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiying Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,✉ Corresponding author: Zhiying Yu, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518035. Tel: 0755-83366388; Fax: +86 83366388-3048; E-mail:
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8
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Alteration of Cellular Energy Metabolism through LPAR2-Axin2 Axis in Gastric Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121805. [PMID: 36551233 PMCID: PMC9775664 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a multifunctional endogenous phospholipid, plays a vital role in cellular homeostasis and the malignant behavior of cancer cells through G-protein-coupled receptors. However, the role of LPA in β-catenin-mediated gastric cancer is unknown. Here, we have noted the high expression of LPAR2 in human gastric cancer tissues, and that LPA treatment significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human gastric cancer cells. Results from our biochemical experiments showed that an LPA exposure increased the expression of β-catenin and its nuclear localization, increased the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), decreased the expression of Axin2, and increased the expression of the target genes of the β-catenin signaling pathway. The LPA2 receptor (LPAR2) antagonist significantly reduced the LPA-induced nuclear localization of β-catenin, the primary signaling event. The knockdown of LPAR2 in the gastric cancer cell lines robustly reduced the LPA-induced β-catenin activity. An LPA exposure increased the ATP production by both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and this effect was abrogated with the addition of an LPAR2 antagonist and XAV393, which stabilizes the Axin and inhibits the β-catenin signaling pathway. Based on our findings, the possibility that LPA contributes to gastric cancer initiation and progression through the β-catenin signaling pathway as well as by the dysregulation of the energy metabolism via the LPAR2 receptor and Axin2, respectively, provides a novel insight into the mechanism of and possible therapeutic targets of gastric cancer.
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9
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Kim KW, Shin YJ, Lee SCS. Novel ROCK Inhibitors, Sovesudil and PHP-0961, Enhance Proliferation, Adhesion and Migration of Corneal Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314690. [PMID: 36499014 PMCID: PMC9740482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss or dysfunction of human corneal endothelial cells (hCEnCs) is a leading cause of blindness due to corneal failure. Corneal transplantation with a healthy donor cornea has been the only available treatment for corneal endothelial disease. However, the need for way to regenerate the CEnCs has been increased due to the global shortage of donor corneas. The aim of the study is to investigate whether novel Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitors can induce the cultivation and regeneration of hCEnCs. Cultured hCEnCs were treated with Y-27632, sovesudil, or PHP-0961 for 24 h. Cellular responses, including cell viability, cytotoxicity, proliferation, and Ki67 expression with ROCK inhibitors were evaluated. We also evaluated wound healing and cell adhesion assays. Porcine corneas were used ex vivo to evaluate the effects of Y-27632, sovesudil, and PHP-0961 on wound healing and regeneration. We performed live/dead cell assays and immunofluorescence staining for SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), β-catenin, and ZO-1 on porcine corneas after ROCK inhibitor treatments. Cell viability, cell proliferation rate, and the number of Ki67-positive cells were higher in Y-27632, sovesudil and PHP-0961 treated cells compared to the control. There was no difference in LDH cytotoxicity test between any groups. Cells treated with Y-27632, sovesudil and PHP-0961 showed faster migration, wound healing, and cell adhesion. In the porcine ex vivo experiments, wound healing, the number of live cells, and SOX2-positive cells were higher in Y-27632, sovesudil and PHP-0961 treated corneas. In all experiments, sovesudil and PHP-0961, the novel ROCK inhibitors, were equal or superior to the results of the ROCK inhibitor positive control, Y-27632. In conclusion, sovesudil and PHP-0961, novel ROCK inhibitors have the capacity to regenerate hCEnCs by enhancing cell proliferation and adhesion between cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Wook Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
- Hallym BioEyeTech Research Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 07441, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-6960-1240
| | - Sammy Chi Sam Lee
- pH Pharma Co., Ltd., B-1009, U-Space, 670 Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13494, Republic of Korea
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10
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Lessey LR, Robinson SC, Chaudhary R, Daniel JM. Adherens junction proteins on the move—From the membrane to the nucleus in intestinal diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:998373. [PMID: 36274850 PMCID: PMC9581404 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.998373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function and structure of the mammalian epithelial cell layer is maintained by distinct intercellular adhesion complexes including adherens junctions (AJs), tight junctions, and desmosomes. The AJ is most integral for stabilizing cell-cell adhesion and conserving the structural integrity of epithelial tissues. AJs are comprised of the transmembrane protein E-cadherin and cytoplasmic catenin cofactors (α, β, γ, and p120-catenin). One organ where malfunction of AJ is a major contributor to disease states is the mammalian intestine. In the intestine, cell-cell adhesion complexes work synergistically to maintain structural integrity and homeostasis of the epithelium and prevent its malfunction. Consequently, when AJ integrity is compromised in the intestinal epithelium, the ensuing homeostatic disruption leads to diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma. In addition to their function at the plasma membrane, protein components of AJs also have nuclear functions and are thus implicated in regulating gene expression and intracellular signaling. Within the nucleus, AJ proteins have been shown to interact with transcription factors such as TCF/LEF and Kaiso (ZBTB33), which converge on the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The multifaceted nature of AJ proteins highlights their complexity in modulating homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of their subcellular localization and expression in the mammalian intestine. In this review, we summarize the nuclear roles of AJ proteins in intestinal tissues; their interactions with transcription factors and how this leads to crosstalk with canonical Wnt signaling; and how nuclear AJ proteins are implicated in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
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11
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Lim R, Banerjee A, Biswas R, Chari AN, Raghavan S. Mechanotransduction through adhesion molecules: Emerging roles in regulating the stem cell niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:966662. [PMID: 36172276 PMCID: PMC9511051 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been shown to play an important role in regenerative medicine due to their proliferative and differentiation potential. The challenge, however, lies in regulating and controlling their potential for this purpose. Stem cells are regulated by growth factors as well as an array of biochemical and mechanical signals. While the role of biochemical signals and growth factors in regulating stem cell homeostasis is well explored, the role of mechanical signals has only just started to be investigated. Stem cells interact with their niche or to other stem cells via adhesion molecules that eventually transduce mechanical cues to maintain their homeostatic function. Here, we present a comprehensive review on our current understanding of the influence of the forces perceived by cell adhesion molecules on the regulation of stem cells. Additionally, we provide insights on how this deeper understanding of mechanobiology of stem cells has translated toward therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lim
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Avinanda Banerjee
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ritusree Biswas
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
- Sastra University, Thanjavur, TN, India
| | - Anana Nandakumar Chari
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srikala Raghavan
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
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12
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Matsue T, Gi M, Shiota M, Tachibana H, Suzuki S, Fujioka M, Kakehashi A, Yamamoto T, Kato M, Uchida J, Wanibuchi H. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide inhibits urinary bladder cancers via suppression of β-catenin signaling. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2642-2653. [PMID: 35723039 PMCID: PMC9357660 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) play an important role in maintaining pH homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that overexpression of CA2 was associated with invasion and progression of urothelial carcinoma (UC) in humans. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the CA inhibitor acetazolamide (Ace) on N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)‐induced bladder carcinogenesis in mice and explore the function of CA2 in muscle invasion by UC. Male mice were treated with 0.025% (experiment 1) or 0.05% BBN (experiment 2) in their drinking water for 10 weeks, then treated with cisplatin (Cis), Ace, or Cis plus Ace for 12 weeks. In experiment 1, the overall incidence of BBN‐induced UCs was significantly decreased in the BBN→Ace and BBN→Cis+Ace groups. In experiment 2, the overall incidence of BBN‐induced UCs was significantly decreased in the BBN→Cis+Ace group, and the incidence of muscle invasive UC was significantly decreased in both the BBN→Ace and the BBN→Cis+Ace groups. We also show that overexpression of CA2 by human UC cells T24 and UMUC3 significantly increased their migration and invasion capabilities, and that Ace significantly inhibited migration and invasion by CA2‐overexpressing T24 and UMUC3 cells. These data demonstrate a functional association of CA2 with UC development and progression, confirming the association of CA2 with UC that we had shown previously by immunohistochemical analysis of human UC specimens and proteome analysis of BBN‐induced UC in rats. Our finding that inhibition of CA2 inhibits UC development and muscle invasion also directly confirms that CA2 is a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Matsue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Min Gi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Environmental Risk Assessment, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiota
- Department of Molecular Biology of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tachibana
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Fujioka
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anna Kakehashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Minoru Kato
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junji Uchida
- Department of Urology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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13
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The Expression of Signaling Genes in Breast Cancer Cells. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040555. [PMID: 35453754 PMCID: PMC9025738 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a drug for cancer—paclitaxel—on the expression of genes encoding the signaling factors in breast cancer cells outside organisms. The tested cells were harvested from the mammary glands of 36 women with breast cancer. The microarray technology —the carrier with applied DNA samples—was employed for the identification of gene expression. A significant effect of paclitaxel on the genome of breast cancer cells was confirmed. Paclitaxel changed the functions of cancer cell by increasing the expression of the genes encoding signaling proteins. This is the molecule of intercellular communication. The analysis of the results suggests that this cytostatic agent produces a beneficial therapeutic effect at a lower dose (60 ng/mL). In contrast, a high dose of paclitaxel (300 ng/mL) was associated with higher cytotoxicity and this had a negative effect on the tested tumor cells. Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of paclitaxel on the expression of genes encoding signaling factors in breast cancer cells in in vitro conditions after incubation with the said chemotherapeutic. The tested cells were harvested from the mammary glands of 36 patients with early breast cancer. The microarray technology was employed for the identification of gene expression. For this purpose, mRNA isolated from tumor cells was used. A significant effect of paclitaxel on the genome of breast cancer cells was confirmed. Paclitaxel changed the functions of cancer cells by increasing the expression of most genes encoding signaling proteins and receptors. The analysis of the results suggested that this cytostatic agent produces a beneficial therapeutic effect at a lower dose (60 ng/mL). In contrast, a high dose of paclitaxel (300 ng/mL) was associated with a high cytotoxicity.
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14
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Targeting β-catenin in acute myeloid leukaemia: past, present, and future perspectives. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231097. [PMID: 35352805 PMCID: PMC9069440 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive disease of the bone marrow with a poor prognosis. Evidence suggests long established chemotherapeutic regimens used to treat AML are reaching the limits of their efficacy, necessitating the urgent development of novel targeted therapies. Canonical Wnt signalling is an evolutionary conserved cascade heavily implicated in normal developmental and disease processes in humans. For over 15 years its been known that the central mediator of this pathway, β-catenin, is dysregulated in AML promoting the emergence, maintenance, and drug resistance of leukaemia stem cells. Yet, despite this knowledge, and subsequent studies demonstrating the therapeutic potential of targeting Wnt activity in haematological cancers, β-catenin inhibitors have not yet reached the clinic. The aim of this review is to summarise the current understanding regarding the role and mechanistic dysregulation of β-catenin in AML, and assess the therapeutic merit of pharmacologically targeting this molecule, drawing on lessons from other disease contexts.
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15
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Ranes M, Zaleska M, Sakalas S, Knight R, Guettler S. Reconstitution of the destruction complex defines roles of AXIN polymers and APC in β-catenin capture, phosphorylation, and ubiquitylation. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3246-3261.e11. [PMID: 34352208 PMCID: PMC8403986 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a highly conserved, frequently mutated developmental and cancer pathway. Its output is defined mainly by β-catenin's phosphorylation- and ubiquitylation-dependent proteasomal degradation, initiated by the multi-protein β-catenin destruction complex. The precise mechanisms underlying destruction complex function have remained unknown, largely because of the lack of suitable in vitro systems. Here we describe the in vitro reconstitution of an active human β-catenin destruction complex from purified components, recapitulating complex assembly, β-catenin modification, and degradation. We reveal that AXIN1 polymerization and APC promote β-catenin capture, phosphorylation, and ubiquitylation. APC facilitates β-catenin's flux through the complex by limiting ubiquitylation processivity and directly interacts with the SCFβ-TrCP E3 ligase complex in a β-TrCP-dependent manner. Oncogenic APC truncation variants, although part of the complex, are functionally impaired. Nonetheless, even the most severely truncated APC variant promotes β-catenin recruitment. These findings exemplify the power of biochemical reconstitution to interrogate the molecular mechanisms of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ranes
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK; Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK
| | - Mariola Zaleska
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK; Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK
| | - Saira Sakalas
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK; Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK
| | - Ruth Knight
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK; Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, UK.
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16
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Wang B, Rong X, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhao B, Deng B, Lu L, Lu L, Li Y, Zhou J. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling and regulates axis formation in zebrafish embryos. Development 2021; 148:261699. [PMID: 33914867 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A key step in the activation of canonical Wnt signaling is the interaction between β-catenin and Tcf/Lefs that forms the transcription activation complex and facilitates the expression of target genes. Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3) is an ATP-dependent DEAD box-family RNA helicase and acts as a core subunit of the exon junction complex (EJC) to control a series of RNA post-transcriptional processes. In this study, we uncover that EIF4A3 functions as a Wnt inhibitor by interfering with the formation of β-catenin/Tcf transcription activation complex. As Wnt stimulation increases, accumulated β-catenin displaces EIF4A3 from a transcriptional complex with Tcf/Lef, allowing the active complex to facilitate the expression of target genes. In zebrafish embryos, eif4a3 depletion inhibited the development of the dorsal organizer and pattern formation of the anterior neuroectoderm by increasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conversely, overexpression of eif4a3 decreased Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibited the formation of the dorsal organizer before gastrulation. Our results reveal previously unreported roles of EIF4A3 in the inhibition of Wnt signaling and the regulation of embryonic development in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaozhi Rong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yumei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yunzhang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiqin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Bei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tech Zone, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs (Ocean University of China), Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266003, China
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17
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Déjardin T, Carollo PS, Sipieter F, Davidson PM, Seiler C, Cuvelier D, Cadot B, Sykes C, Gomes ER, Borghi N. Nesprins are mechanotransducers that discriminate epithelial-mesenchymal transition programs. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152020. [PMID: 32790861 PMCID: PMC7659719 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201908036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
LINC complexes are transmembrane protein assemblies that physically connect the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton through the nuclear envelope. Dysfunctions of LINC complexes are associated with pathologies such as cancer and muscular disorders. The mechanical roles of LINC complexes are poorly understood. To address this, we used genetically encoded FRET biosensors of molecular tension in a nesprin protein of the LINC complex of fibroblastic and epithelial cells in culture. We exposed cells to mechanical, genetic, and pharmacological perturbations, mimicking a range of physiological and pathological situations. We show that nesprin experiences tension generated by the cytoskeleton and acts as a mechanical sensor of cell packing. Moreover, nesprin discriminates between inductions of partial and complete epithelial–mesenchymal transitions. We identify the implicated mechanisms, which involve α-catenin capture at the nuclear envelope by nesprin upon its relaxation, thereby regulating β-catenin transcription. Our data thus implicate LINC complex proteins as mechanotransducers that fine-tune β-catenin signaling in a manner dependent on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Déjardin
- Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Pietro Salvatore Carollo
- Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - François Sipieter
- Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Patricia M Davidson
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 168, Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, France
| | - Cynthia Seiler
- Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Damien Cuvelier
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Rercherche 144, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Cadot
- Center for Research in Myology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 974, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Sykes
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 168, Sorbonne Universités, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Paris, France
| | - Edgar R Gomes
- Center for Research in Myology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 974, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Instituto de Medecina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nicolas Borghi
- Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
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18
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Zhang S, Xu Y, Xie C, Ren L, Wu G, Yang M, Wu X, Tang M, Hu Y, Li Z, Yu R, Liao X, Mo S, Wu J, Li M, Song E, Qi Y, Song L, Li J. RNF219/ α-Catenin/LGALS3 Axis Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Bone Metastasis and Associated Skeletal Complications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001961. [PMID: 33643786 PMCID: PMC7887580 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of bone metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased prominently over the past decade owing to the prolonged overall survival of HCC patients. However, the mechanisms underlying HCC bone-metastasis remain largely unknown. In the current study, HCC-secreted lectin galactoside-binding soluble 3 (LGALS3) is found to be significantly upregulated and correlates with shorter bone-metastasis-free survival of HCC patients. Overexpression of LGALS3 enhances the metastatic capability of HCC cells to bone and induces skeletal-related events by forming a bone pre-metastatic niche via promoting osteoclast fusion and podosome formation. Mechanically, ubiquitin ligaseRNF219-meidated α-catenin degradation prompts YAP1/β-catenin complex-dependent epigenetic modifications of LGALS3 promoter, resulting in LGALS3 upregulation and metastatic bone diseases. Importantly, treatment with verteporfin, a clinical drug for macular degeneration, decreases LGALS3 expression and effectively inhibits skeletal complications of HCC. These findings unveil a plausible role for HCC-secreted LGALS3 in pre-metastatic niche and can suggest a promising strategy for clinical intervention in HCC bone-metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yingru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Chan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Liangliang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Geyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510080China
| | - Meisongzhu Yang
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xingui Wu
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Miaoling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yameng Hu
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruyuan Yu
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xinyi Liao
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Shuang Mo
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Department of MicrobiologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- Department of MicrobiologyZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Erwei Song
- Department of Breast OncologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Centenary InstituteUniversity of SydneySydney2000Australia
| | - Libing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- Department of BiochemistryZhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
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19
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Bugter JM, Fenderico N, Maurice MM. Mutations and mechanisms of WNT pathway tumour suppressors in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:5-21. [PMID: 33097916 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mutation-induced activation of WNT-β-catenin signalling is a frequent driver event in human cancer. Sustained WNT-β-catenin pathway activation endows cancer cells with sustained self-renewing growth properties and is associated with therapy resistance. In healthy adult stem cells, WNT pathway activity is carefully controlled by core pathway tumour suppressors as well as negative feedback regulators. Gene inactivation experiments in mouse models unequivocally demonstrated the relevance of WNT tumour suppressor loss-of-function mutations for cancer growth. However, in human cancer, a far more complex picture has emerged in which missense or truncating mutations mediate stable expression of mutant proteins, with distinct functional and phenotypic ramifications. Herein, we review recent advances and challenges in our understanding of how different mutational subsets of WNT tumour suppressor genes link to distinct cancer types, clinical outcomes and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen M Bugter
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nicola Fenderico
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Madelon M Maurice
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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20
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Casingal CR, Kikkawa T, Inada H, Sasaki Y, Osumi N. Identification of FMRP target mRNAs in the developmental brain: FMRP might coordinate Ras/MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and mTOR signaling during corticogenesis. Mol Brain 2020; 13:167. [PMID: 33323119 PMCID: PMC7739466 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticogenesis is one of the most critical and complicated processes during embryonic brain development. Any slight impairment in corticogenesis could cause neurodevelopmental disorders such as Fragile X syndrome (FXS), of which symptoms contain intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein responsible for FXS, shows strong expression in neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) during corticogenesis, although its function during brain development remains largely unknown. In this study, we attempted to identify the FMRP target mRNAs in the cortical primordium using RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis in the mouse embryonic brain. We identified 865 candidate genes as targets of FMRP involving 126 and 118 genes overlapped with ID and ASD-associated genes, respectively. These overlapped genes were enriched with those related to chromatin/chromosome organization and histone modifications, suggesting the involvement of FMRP in epigenetic regulation. We further identified a common set of 17 FMRP “core” target genes involved in neurogenesis/FXS/ID/ASD, containing factors associated with Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt/β-catenin, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. We indeed showed overactivation of mTOR signaling via an increase in mTOR phosphorylation in the Fmr1 knockout (Fmr1 KO) neocortex. Our results provide further insight into the critical roles of FMRP in the developing brain, where dysfunction of FMRP may influence the regulation of its mRNA targets affecting signaling pathways and epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine R Casingal
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takako Kikkawa
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Inada
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.,Laboratory of Health and Sports Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 6-6-12, Aramaki Aza Aoba Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yukio Sasaki
- Functional Structure Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medical Life Science, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsumuri-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Noriko Osumi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine (ART), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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21
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Amit C, Padmanabhan P, Narayanan J. Deciphering the mechanoresponsive role of β-catenin in keratoconus epithelium. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21382. [PMID: 33288782 PMCID: PMC7721701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal dystrophy characterized by progressive ectasia that leads to severe visual impairment and remains one of the leading indications for corneal transplantation. The etiology is believed to be multifactorial and alterations have been documented in the biomechanical, biochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of the cornea. While the exact site of disease origin is still debated, changes in the corneal epithelium are believed to occur even before the disease is clinically manifested. In this study we investigate the possible role of β-catenin as mechanotransducer in KC corneal epithelium. The sheets of corneal epithelium removed from keratoconic eyes when they underwent collagen crosslinking as a therapeutic procedure were used for this study. The healthy corneal epithelium of patients undergoing Laser Refractive Surgery for the correction of their refractive error, served as controls. Immunoblotting and tissue immunofluorescence studies were performed on KC epithelium to analyse the expression and localization of β-catenin, E-cadherin, ZO1, α-catenin, Cyclin D1, α-actinin, RhoA, and Rac123. Co-immunoprecipitation of β-catenin followed by mass spectrometry of KC epithelium was performed to identify its interacting partners. This was further validated by using epithelial tissues grown on scaffolds of different stiffness. Histology data reported breaks in the Bowman’s layer in KC patients. We hypothesize that these breaks expose the epithelium to the keratoconic corneal stroma, which, is known to have a decreased elastic modulus and that β-catenin acts as a mechanotransducer that induces structural changes such as loss of polarity (Syntaxin3) and barrier function (ZO1) through membrane delocalization. The results of our study strongly suggest that β-catenin could be a putative mechanotransducer in KC epithelium, thus supporting our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatterjee Amit
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KNBIRVO Block, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, 18/41, College Road Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA, Deemed University, Tanjore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prema Padmanabhan
- Department of Cornea, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Janakiraman Narayanan
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KNBIRVO Block, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, 18/41, College Road Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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22
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Pasadi S, Muniyappa K. Evidence for functional and regulatory cross-talk between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA cross-links. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4028-4044. [PMID: 33216839 PMCID: PMC7646826 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway plays a crucial role in a variety of functions including cell proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenic processes and radioresistance in cancer cells. The Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 (MRN) complex has a pivotal role in sensing and repairing DNA damage. However, it remains unclear whether a connection exists between Wnt/β-catenin signalling and the MRN complex in the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs). Here, we report that (1) cisplatin exposure results in a significant increase in the levels of MRN complex subunits in human tumour cells; (2) cisplatin treatment stimulates Wnt/β-catenin signalling through increased β-catenin expression; (3) the functional perturbation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling results in aberrant cell cycle dynamics and the activation of DNA damage response and apoptosis; (4) a treatment with CHIR99021, a potent and selective GSK3β inhibitor, augments cisplatin-induced cell death in cancer cells. On the other hand, inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling with FH535 promotes cell survival. Consistently, the staining pattern of γH2AX-foci is significantly reduced in the cells exposed simultaneously to cisplatin and FH535; and (5) inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling impedes cisplatin-induced phosphorylation of Chk1, abrogates the G2/M phase arrest and impairs recombination-based DNA repair. Our data further show that Wnt signalling positively regulates the expression of β-catenin, Mre11 and FANCD2 at early time points, but declining thereafter due to negative feedback regulation. These results support a model wherein Wnt/β-catenin signalling and MRN complex crosstalk during DNA ICL repair, thereby playing an important role in the maintenance of genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Pasadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Kalappa Muniyappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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23
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Abstract
How LINC complexes mediate nuclear mechanotransduction remains unclear. In this issue, Déjardin, Carollo, et al. (2020. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201908036) show that the LINC complex protein nesprin-2G is a mechanosensor of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs), recruiting α-catenin to the nucleus to attenuate Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara J. Gottardi
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - G.W. Gant Luxton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
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24
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Abstract
The presence of actin in the nucleus has historically been a highly contentious issue. It is now, however, well accepted that actin has physiologically important roles in the nucleus. In this Review, we describe the evolution of our thinking about actin in the nucleus starting with evidence supporting its involvement in transcription, chromatin remodeling and intranuclear movements. We also review the growing literature on the mechanisms that regulate the import and export of actin and how post-translational modifications of actin could regulate nuclear actin. We end with an extended discussion of the role of nuclear actin in the repair of DNA double stranded breaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Serebryannyy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Primal de Lanerolle
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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25
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Li S, Ren Q. Effects of Arsenic on wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1458-1467. [PMID: 32307979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to systematically evaluate the regulatory effect of arsenic on wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and to provide theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of the relationship between arsenic and cell proliferation. The meta-analysis was carried out using Revman5.2 and Stata13.0 to describe the differences between groups with standard mean difference. We found in normal cells that the levels of wnt3a, β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylated at serine 9 (p-GSK-3β(Ser9)), cyclinD1, proto-oncogene c-myc, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the arsenic intervention group were higher than those in the control group, and the level of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that for a long time period (>24 h), the level of β-catenin in the arsenic intervention group was higher than that in the control group, and the level of GSK-3β of the same long-time period (>24 h) with low-dose (≤5 μM) intervention was lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05, respectively). In cancer cells, the levels of β-catenin, cyclinD1, c-myc, and VEGF in the arsenic intervention group were lower than those in the control group, while the level of GSK-3β in the arsenic intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that the levels of β-catenin, cyclinD1, and c-myc in the high-dose (>5 μM) arsenic intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of β-catenin and cyclinD1 in the high-dose (>5 μM) arsenic intervention group were lower than those in the low-dose (≤5 μM) arsenic intervention group (P < 0.05, respectively). In addition, the regulation of arsenic on β-catenin was dose-dependent in the range of arsenic concentration from 0 to 7.5 μM. This study revealed that arsenic could upregulate wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in normal cells and downregulate it in cancer cells, and its effect was affected by time and dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugang Li
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qingxin Ren
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang China
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26
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Vinckier NK, Patel NA, Geusz RJ, Wang A, Wang J, Matta I, Harrington AR, Wortham M, Wetton N, Wang J, Jhala US, Rosenfeld MG, Benner CW, Shih HP, Sander M. LSD1-mediated enhancer silencing attenuates retinoic acid signalling during pancreatic endocrine cell development. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2082. [PMID: 32350257 PMCID: PMC7190832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental progression depends on temporally defined changes in gene expression mediated by transient exposure of lineage intermediates to signals in the progenitor niche. To determine whether cell-intrinsic epigenetic mechanisms contribute to signal-induced transcriptional responses, here we manipulate the signalling environment and activity of the histone demethylase LSD1 during differentiation of hESC-gut tube intermediates into pancreatic endocrine cells. We identify a transient requirement for LSD1 in endocrine cell differentiation spanning a short time-window early in pancreas development, a phenotype we reproduced in mice. Examination of enhancer and transcriptome landscapes revealed that LSD1 silences transiently active retinoic acid (RA)-induced enhancers and their target genes. Furthermore, prolonged RA exposure phenocopies LSD1 inhibition, suggesting that LSD1 regulates endocrine cell differentiation by limiting the duration of RA signalling. Our findings identify LSD1-mediated enhancer silencing as a cell-intrinsic epigenetic feedback mechanism by which the duration of the transcriptional response to a developmental signal is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas K Vinckier
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nisha A Patel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ryan J Geusz
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Allen Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jinzhao Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ileana Matta
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Austin R Harrington
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nichole Wetton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ulupi S Jhala
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Christopher W Benner
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hung-Ping Shih
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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27
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Wheat gluten intake increases the severity of experimental colitis and bacterial translocation by weakening of the proteins of the junctional complex. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:361-373. [PMID: 30554574 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518003422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gluten is only partially digested by intestinal enzymes and can generate peptides that can alter intestinal permeability, facilitating bacterial translocation, thus affecting the immune system. Few studies addressed the role of diet with gluten in the development of colitis. Therefore, we investigate the effects of wheat gluten-containing diet on the evolution of sodium dextran sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice were fed a standard diet without (colitis group) or with 4·5 % wheat gluten (colitis + gluten) for 15 d and received DSS solution (1·5 %, w/v) instead of water during the last 7 d. Compared with the colitis group, colitis + gluten mice presented a worse clinical score, a larger extension of colonic injury area, and increased mucosal inflammation. Both intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation were increased, propitiating bacteria migration for peripheral organs. The mechanism by which diet with gluten exacerbates colitis appears to be related to changes in protein production and organisation in adhesion junctions and desmosomes. The protein α-E-catenin was especially reduced in mice fed gluten, which compromised the localisation of E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins, weakening the structure of desmosomes. The epithelial damage caused by gluten included shortening of microvilli, a high number of digestive vacuoles, and changes in the endosome/lysosome system. In conclusion, our results show that wheat gluten-containing diet exacerbates the mucosal damage caused by colitis, reducing intestinal barrier function and increasing bacterial translocation. These effects are related to the induction of weakness and disorganisation of adhesion junctions and desmosomes as well as shortening of microvilli and modification of the endocytic vesicle route.
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MRTFB suppresses colorectal cancer development through regulating SPDL1 and MCAM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23625-23635. [PMID: 31690663 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910413116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factor B (MRTFB) is a candidate tumor-suppressor gene identified in transposon mutagenesis screens of the intestine, liver, and pancreas. Using a combination of cell-based assays, in vivo tumor xenograft assays, and Mrtfb knockout mice, we demonstrate here that MRTFB is a human and mouse colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor suppressor that functions in part by inhibiting cell invasion and migration. To identify possible MRTFB transcriptional targets, we performed whole transcriptome RNA sequencing in MRTFB siRNA knockdown primary human colon cells and identified 15 differentially expressed genes. Among the top candidate tumor-suppressor targets were melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), a known tumor suppressor, and spindle apparatus coiled-coil protein 1 (SPDL1), which has no confirmed role in cancer. To determine whether these genes play a role in CRC, we knocked down the expression of MCAM and SPDL1 in human CRC cells and showed significantly increased invasion and migration of tumor cells. We also showed that Spdl1 expression is significantly down-regulated in Mrtfb knockout mouse intestine, while lower SPDL1 expression levels are significantly associated with reduced survival in CRC patients. Finally, we show that depletion of MCAM and SPDL1 in human CRC cells significantly increases tumor development in xenograft assays, further confirming their tumor-suppressive roles in CRC. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the tumor-suppressive role of MRTFB in CRC and identify several genes, including 2 tumor suppressors, that act downstream of MRTFB to regulate tumor growth and survival in CRC patients.
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29
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Peters XQ, Malinga TH, Agoni C, Olotu FA, Soliman MES. Zoning in on Tankyrases: A Brief Review on the Past, Present and Prospective Studies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1920-1934. [PMID: 31648650 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191019114321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tankyrases are known for their multifunctionalities within the poly(ADPribose) polymerases family and playing vital roles in various cellular processes which include the regulation of tumour suppressors. Tankyrases, which exist in two isoforms; Tankyrase 1 and 2, are highly homologous and an integral part of the Wnt β -catenin pathway that becomes overly dysregulated when hijacked by pro-carcinogenic machineries. METHODS In this review, we cover the distinct roles of the Tankyrase isoforms and their involvement in the disease pathogenesis. Also, we provide updates on experimentally and computationally derived antagonists of Tankyrase whilst highlighting the precedence of integrative computer-aided drug design methods towards the discovery of selective inhibitors. RESULTS Despite the high prospects embedded in the therapeutic targeting and blockade of Tankyrase isoforms, the inability of small molecule inhibitors to achieve selective targeting has remained a major setback, even until date. This explains numerous incessant drug design efforts geared towards the development of highly selective inhibitors of the respective Tankyrase isoforms since they mediate distinct aberrancies in disease progression. Therefore, considering the setbacks of conventional drug design methods, can computer-aided approaches actually save the day? CONCLUSION The implementation of computer-aided drug design techniques in Tankyrase research could help complement experimental methods and facilitate ligand/structure-based design and discovery of small molecule inhibitors with enhanced selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xylia Q Peters
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Thembeka H Malinga
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fisayo A Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Wang J, Liu J, Tian F, Zhan Y, Kong D. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 expression and its association with CD8 + T cell infiltration in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6046-6056. [PMID: 31788079 PMCID: PMC6865572 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death 1 (PD-1)-targeted therapy has benefited patients with microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the efficacy of PD-1-targeted therapy is poor in patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) mCRC. Therefore, it is imperative to explore additional co-inhibitory molecular signalling pathways to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in MSS mCRC treatment. In the present study, the association between cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) expression and the survival of patients with CRC was analysed using RNA sequencing data from 605 patients, including 121 cases of mortality, from human cancer datasets. Furthermore, 35 clinical MSS stage III–IV CRC specimens were collected to assess CDK9 protein expression by immunohistochemistry, and the frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The human cancer datasets demonstrated that upregulation CDK9 significantly shortened the survival of patients with stage II–IV colon cancer. Additionally, CDK9 mRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression levels of genes associated with immune evasion in the tumor. Notably, CDK9 was expression was upregulated in stage IV CRC compared with para-cancerous tissues and early-stage tumors. Interestingly, CDK9 expression was negatively associated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells at the tumor site. In addition, the expression levels of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 3 and CD39, proteins associated with exhaustion, on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells were significantly elevated in patients with abnormal CDK9 expression levels. The present study demonstrated that CDK9 expression was negatively associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration and positively associated with CD8+ T cell exhaustion in MSS mCRC. In conclusion, CDK9 may be utilized to evaluate the prognosis and the immune-type of the tumor microenvironment in patients with MSS mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefu Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Fei Tian
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Dalu Kong
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
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31
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Lybrand DB, Naiman M, Laumann JM, Boardman M, Petshow S, Hansen K, Scott G, Wehrli M. Destruction complex dynamics: Wnt/β-catenin signaling alters Axin-GSK3β interactions in vivo. Development 2019; 146:dev164145. [PMID: 31189665 PMCID: PMC6633605 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The central regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is the Axin/APC/GSK3β destruction complex (DC), which, under unstimulated conditions, targets cytoplasmic β-catenin for degradation. How Wnt activation inhibits the DC to permit β-catenin-dependent signaling remains controversial, in part because the DC and its regulation have never been observed in vivo Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) methods, we have now analyzed the activity of the DC under near-physiological conditions in Drosophila By focusing on well-established patterns of Wnt/Wg signaling in the developing Drosophila wing, we have defined the sequence of events by which activated Wnt receptors induce a conformational change within the DC, resulting in modified Axin-GSK3β interactions that prevent β-catenin degradation. Surprisingly, the nucleus is surrounded by active DCs, which principally control the degradation of β-catenin and thereby nuclear access. These DCs are inactivated and removed upon Wnt signal transduction. These results suggest a novel mechanistic model for dynamic Wnt signal transduction in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Lybrand
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA
| | - Misha Naiman
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Reed College, Portland, OR 97202, USA
| | - Jessie May Laumann
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mitzi Boardman
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samuel Petshow
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kevin Hansen
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gregory Scott
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Marcel Wehrli
- Dept. of Integrative Biosciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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32
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Dcona MM, Damle PK, Zarate-Perez F, Morris BL, Nawaz Z, Dennis MJ, Deng X, Korwar S, Singh SJ, Ellis KC, Royer WE, Bandyopadhyay D, Escalante C, Grossman SR. Active-Site Tryptophan, the Target of Antineoplastic C-Terminal Binding Protein Inhibitors, Mediates Inhibitor Disruption of CtBP Oligomerization and Transcription Coregulatory Activities. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:99-108. [PMID: 31036695 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.114363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
C-terminal binding proteins (CtBP1/2) are oncogenic transcriptional coregulators and dehydrogenases often overexpressed in multiple solid tumors, including breast, colon, and ovarian cancer, and associated with poor survival. CtBPs act by repressing expression of genes responsible for apoptosis (e.g., PUMA, BIK) and metastasis-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (e.g., CDH1), and by activating expression of genes that promote migratory and invasive properties of cancer cells (e.g., TIAM1) and genes responsible for enhanced drug resistance (e.g., MDR1). CtBP's transcriptional functions are also critically dependent on oligomerization and nucleation of transcriptional complexes. Recently, we have developed a family of CtBP dehydrogenase inhibitors, based on the parent 2-hydroxyimino-3-phenylpropanoic acid (HIPP), that specifically disrupt cancer cell viability, abrogate CtBP's transcriptional function, and block polyp formation in a mouse model of intestinal polyposis that depends on CtBP's oncogenic functions. Crystallographic analysis revealed that HIPP interacts with CtBP1/2 at a conserved active site tryptophan (W318/324; CtBP1/2) that is unique among eukaryotic D2-dehydrogenases. To better understand the mechanism of action of HIPP-class inhibitors, we investigated the contribution of W324 to CtBP2's biochemical and physiologic activities utilizing mutational analysis. Indeed, W324 was necessary for CtBP2 self-association, as shown by analytical ultracentrifugation and in vivo cross-linking. Additionally, W324 supported CtBP's association with the transcriptional corepressor CoREST, and was critical for CtBP2 induction of cell motility. Notably, the HIPP derivative 4-chloro-HIPP biochemically and biologically phenocopied mutational inactivation of CtBP2 W324. Our data support further optimization of W318/W324-interacting CtBP dehydrogenase inhibitors that are emerging as a novel class of cancer cell-specific therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Michael Dcona
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Priyadarshan K Damle
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Francisco Zarate-Perez
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Benjamin L Morris
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Zaid Nawaz
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Michael J Dennis
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Sudha Korwar
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Sahib J Singh
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Keith C Ellis
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - William E Royer
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Dipankar Bandyopadhyay
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Carlos Escalante
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
| | - Steven R Grossman
- Departments of Internal Medicine (M.M.D., P.K.D., Z.N., M.J.D., S.J.S., S.R.G.), Human and Molecular Genetics (B.L.M., S.R.G.), Physiology and Biophysics (F.Z.-P., C.E.), Medicinal Chemistry (S.K., K.C.E.), and Biostatistics (X.D., D.B.) and Massey Cancer Center (K.C.E., D.B., C.E., S.R.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (W.E.R.)
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Functions of the APC tumor suppressor protein dependent and independent of canonical WNT signaling: implications for therapeutic targeting. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:159-172. [PMID: 29318445 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of biallelic mutations in the APC gene is a rate-limiting step in the development of most colorectal cancers and occurs in the earliest lesions. APC encodes a 312-kDa protein that localizes to multiple subcellular compartments and performs diverse functions. APC participates in a cytoplasmic complex that promotes the destruction of the transcriptional licensing factor β-catenin; APC mutations that abolish this function trigger constitutive activation of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, a characteristic found in almost all colorectal cancers. By negatively regulating canonical WNT signaling, APC counteracts proliferation, promotes differentiation, facilitates apoptosis, and suppresses invasion and tumor progression. APC further antagonizes canonical WNT signaling by interacting with and counteracting β-catenin in the nucleus. APC also suppresses tumor initiation and progression in the colorectal epithelium through functions that are independent of canonical WNT signaling. APC regulates the mitotic spindle to facilitate proper chromosome segregation, localizes to the cell periphery and cell protrusions to establish cell polarity and appropriate directional migration, and inhibits DNA replication by interacting directly with DNA. Mutations in APC are often frameshifts, insertions, or deletions that introduce premature stop codons and lead to the production of truncated APC proteins that lack its normal functions and possess tumorigenic properties. Therapeutic approaches in development for the treatment of APC-deficient tumors are focused on the inhibition of canonical WNT signaling, especially through targets downstream of APC in the pathway, or on the restoration of wild-type APC expression.
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Schaefer KN, Peifer M. Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling Regulation and a Role for Biomolecular Condensates. Dev Cell 2019; 48:429-444. [PMID: 30782412 PMCID: PMC6386181 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-Catenin signaling plays key roles in tissue homeostasis and cell fate decisions in embryonic and post-embryonic development across the animal kingdom. As a result, pathway mutations are associated with developmental disorders and many human cancers. The multiprotein destruction complex keeps signaling off in the absence of Wnt ligands and needs to be downregulated for pathway activation. We discuss new insights into destruction complex activity and regulation, highlighting parallels to the control of other cell biological processes by biomolecular condensates that form by phase separation to suggest that the destruction complex acts as a biomolecular condensate in Wnt pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina N Schaefer
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mark Peifer
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Hankey W, Chen Z, Bergman MJ, Fernandez MO, Hancioglu B, Lan X, Jegga AG, Zhang J, Jin VX, Aronow BJ, Wang Q, Groden J. Chromatin-associated APC regulates gene expression in collaboration with canonical WNT signaling and AP-1. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31214-31230. [PMID: 30131849 PMCID: PMC6101278 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutation of the APC gene occurs in a high percentage of colorectal tumors and is a central event driving tumor initiation in the large intestine. The APC protein performs multiple tumor suppressor functions including negative regulation of the canonical WNT signaling pathway by both cytoplasmic and nuclear mechanisms. Published reports that APC interacts with β-catenin in the chromatin fraction to repress WNT-activated targets have raised the possibility that chromatin-associated APC participates more broadly in mechanisms of transcriptional control. This screening study has used chromatin immunoprecipitation and next-generation sequencing to identify APC-associated genomic regions in colon cancer cell lines. Initial target selection was performed by comparison and statistical analysis of 3,985 genomic regions associated with the APC protein to whole transcriptome sequencing data from APC-deficient and APC-wild-type colon cancer cells, and two types of murine colon adenomas characterized by activated Wnt signaling. 289 transcripts altered in expression following APC loss in human cells were linked to APC-associated genomic regions. High-confidence targets additionally validated in mouse adenomas included 16 increased and 9 decreased in expression following APC loss, indicating that chromatin-associated APC may antagonize canonical WNT signaling at both WNT-activated and WNT-repressed targets. Motif analysis and comparison to ChIP-seq datasets for other transcription factors identified a prevalence of binding sites for the TCF7L2 and AP-1 transcription factors in APC-associated genomic regions. Our results indicate that canonical WNT signaling can collaborate with or antagonize the AP-1 transcription factor to fine-tune the expression of shared target genes in the colorectal epithelium. Future therapeutic strategies for APC-deficient colorectal cancers might be expanded to include agents targeting the AP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hankey
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Maxwell J Bergman
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Max O Fernandez
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Baris Hancioglu
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xun Lan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Bioinformatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Victor X Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bruce J Aronow
- Division of Bioinformatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qianben Wang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joanna Groden
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Balatskyi VV, Macewicz LL, Gan AM, Goncharov SV, Pawelec P, Portnichenko GV, Lapikova-Bryginska TY, Navrulin VO, Dosenko VE, Olichwier A, Dobrzyn P, Piven OO. Cardiospecific deletion of αE-catenin leads to heart failure and lethality in mice. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1485-1499. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Novellasdemunt L, Foglizzo V, Cuadrado L, Antas P, Kucharska A, Encheva V, Snijders AP, Li VSW. USP7 Is a Tumor-Specific WNT Activator for APC-Mutated Colorectal Cancer by Mediating β-Catenin Deubiquitination. Cell Rep 2018; 21:612-627. [PMID: 29045831 PMCID: PMC5656747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is mutated in most colorectal cancers (CRCs), resulting in constitutive Wnt activation. To understand the Wnt-activating mechanism of the APC mutation, we applied CRISPR/Cas9 technology to engineer various APC-truncated isogenic lines. We find that the β-catenin inhibitory domain (CID) in APC represents the threshold for pathological levels of Wnt activation and tumor transformation. Mechanistically, CID-deleted APC truncation promotes β-catenin deubiquitination through reverse binding of β-TrCP and USP7 to the destruction complex. USP7 depletion in APC-mutated CRC inhibits Wnt activation by restoring β-catenin ubiquitination, drives differentiation, and suppresses xenograft tumor growth. Finally, the Wnt-activating role of USP7 is specific to APC mutations; thus, it can be used as a tumor-specific therapeutic target for most CRCs. APC CID protects β-catenin from USP7-mediated deubiquitination APC lacking CID exposes β-catenin to USP7 for deubiquitination USP7 depletion inhibits Wnt in APC mutant CRC by restoring β-catenin ubiquitination USP7 inactivation suppresses xenograft tumor growth and is tumor specific
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Cuadrado
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Pedro Antas
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Anna Kucharska
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vesela Encheva
- The Francis Crick Institute, Mass Spectrometry Science Technology Platform, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- The Francis Crick Institute, Mass Spectrometry Science Technology Platform, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vivian S W Li
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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Crippa S, Ancey PB, Vazquez J, Angelino P, Rougemont AL, Guettier C, Zoete V, Delorenzi M, Michielin O, Meylan E. Mutant CTNNB1 and histological heterogeneity define metabolic subtypes of hepatoblastoma. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1589-1604. [PMID: 28923827 PMCID: PMC5666308 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric liver cancer. Histological evaluation of tumor biopsies is used to distinguish among the different subtypes of hepatoblastoma, with fetal and embryonal representing the two main epithelial components. With frequent CTNNB1 mutations, hepatoblastoma is a Wnt/β‐catenin‐driven malignancy. Considering that Wnt activation has been associated with tumor metabolic reprogramming, we characterized the metabolic profile of cells from hepatoblastoma and compared it to cells from hepatocellular carcinoma. First, we demonstrated that glucose transporter GLUT3 is a direct TCF4/β‐catenin target gene. RNA sequencing enabled to identify molecular and metabolic features specific to hepatoblastoma and revealed that several glycolytic enzymes are overexpressed in embryonal‐like compared to fetal‐like tumor cells. This led us to implement successfully three biomarkers to distinguish embryonal from fetal components by immunohistochemistry from a large panel of human hepatoblastoma samples. Functional analyses demonstrated that embryonal‐like hepatoblastoma cells are highly glycolytic and sensitive to hexokinase‐1 silencing. Altogether, our findings reveal a new, metabolic classification of human hepatoblastoma, with potential future implications for patients’ diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Crippa
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Benoit Ancey
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Vazquez
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Angelino
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Laure Rougemont
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Bicêtre, HUPS, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM U1193, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Sud, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Zoete
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Center for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Etienne Meylan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Yu J, Guo X, Chen X, Qiao C, Chen B, Xie B, Luan X, Shen C, Zhu J, Liu J, Yan Y, He Z, Zheng B, Li H, Fang J. Activation of β-catenin causes defects in embryonic development during maternal-to-zygotic transition in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:2514-2521. [PMID: 31938364 PMCID: PMC6958268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The early stage of embryogenesis is an important and complex cell-remodeling event in reproductive biology. To develop into a normal zygote, maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) is especially important for both zygotic genome activation (ZGA) and degradation of maternal products during the early stage of embryonic development. β-Catenin has been identified as an important regulator of embryonic development and adult stem cell division via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. However, the role of activated β-catenin during MZT remains elusive. In the present study, we found that β-catenin is mainly expressed during embryogenesis in the cell membrane from the zygote- to morula-stage embryos but not in MII oocytes. To analyze the function of activated β-catenin during MZT, we conducted a β-catenin activation assay during embryogenesis. Our results indicated that development beyond the two-cell stage was inhibited in zygotes with β-catenin activation. Further analysis showed that activated form of β-catenin protein was increased and the phosphorylated form of β-catenin protein was decreased in culture embryos. Taken together, our study reveals that activation of β-catenin may play a vital role in zygotic development, determining the developmental potential of mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueke Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binghai Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fourth People’s Hospital of ZhenjiangZhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojin Luan
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong Shen
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yidan Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeyu He
- Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China
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41
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Jimenez-Caliani AJ, Pillich R, Yang W, Diaferia GR, Meda P, Crisa L, Cirulli V. αE-Catenin Is a Positive Regulator of Pancreatic Islet Cell Lineage Differentiation. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1295-1306. [PMID: 28793255 PMCID: PMC5611824 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and function of epithelia depend on the establishment and maintenance of cell-cell adhesion and intercellular junctions, which operate as mechanosensor hubs for the transduction of biochemical signals regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and regeneration. Here, we show that αE-catenin, a key component of adherens junctions, functions as a positive regulator of pancreatic islet cell lineage differentiation by repressing the sonic hedgehog pathway (SHH). Thus, deletion of αE-catenin in multipotent pancreatic progenitors resulted in (1) loss of adherens junctions, (2) constitutive activation of SHH, (3) decrease in islet cell lineage differentiation, and (4) accumulation of immature Sox9+ progenitors. Pharmacological blockade of SHH signaling in pancreatic organ cultures and in vivo rescued this defect, allowing αE-catenin-null Sox9+ pancreatic progenitors to differentiate into endocrine cells. The results uncover crucial functions of αE-catenin in pancreatic islet development and harbor significant implications for the design of β cell replacement and regeneration therapies in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Jimenez-Caliani
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Rheumatology, Diabetology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pillich
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Yang
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Giuseppe R Diaferia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Meda
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laura Crisa
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Vincenzo Cirulli
- Department of Medicine, UW Diabetes Institute, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Schaefer KN, Bonello TT, Zhang S, Williams CE, Roberts DM, McKay DJ, Peifer M. Supramolecular assembly of the beta-catenin destruction complex and the effect of Wnt signaling on its localization, molecular size, and activity in vivo. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007339. [PMID: 29641560 PMCID: PMC5912785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling provides a paradigm for cell-cell signals that regulate embryonic development and stem cell homeostasis and are inappropriately activated in cancers. The tumor suppressors APC and Axin form the core of the multiprotein destruction complex, which targets the Wnt-effector beta-catenin for phosphorylation, ubiquitination and destruction. Based on earlier work, we hypothesize that the destruction complex is a supramolecular entity that self-assembles by Axin and APC polymerization, and that regulating assembly and stability of the destruction complex underlie its function. We tested this hypothesis in Drosophila embryos, a premier model of Wnt signaling. Combining biochemistry, genetic tools to manipulate Axin and APC2 levels, advanced imaging and molecule counting, we defined destruction complex assembly, stoichiometry, and localization in vivo, and its downregulation in response to Wnt signaling. Our findings challenge and revise current models of destruction complex function. Endogenous Axin and APC2 proteins and their antagonist Dishevelled accumulate at roughly similar levels, suggesting competition for binding may be critical. By expressing Axin:GFP at near endogenous levels we found that in the absence of Wnt signals, Axin and APC2 co-assemble into large cytoplasmic complexes containing tens to hundreds of Axin proteins. Wnt signals trigger recruitment of these to the membrane, while cytoplasmic Axin levels increase, suggesting altered assembly/disassembly. Glycogen synthase kinase3 regulates destruction complex recruitment to the membrane and release of Armadillo/beta-catenin from the destruction complex. Manipulating Axin or APC2 levels had no effect on destruction complex activity when Wnt signals were absent, but, surprisingly, had opposite effects on the destruction complex when Wnt signals were present. Elevating Axin made the complex more resistant to inactivation, while elevating APC2 levels enhanced inactivation. Our data suggest both absolute levels and the ratio of these two core components affect destruction complex function, supporting models in which competition among Axin partners determines destruction complex activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina N. Schaefer
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Teresa T. Bonello
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Shiping Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Clara E. Williams
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - David M. Roberts
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. McKay
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Mark Peifer
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen H, Xu Z, Li X, Yang Y, Li B, Li Y, Xia K, Wang J, Li S, Wang M, Wu H. α-catenin SUMOylation increases IκBα stability and inhibits breast cancer progression. Oncogenesis 2018. [PMID: 29540699 PMCID: PMC5852976 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
α-catenin has been demonstrated to suppress several different types of cancers. Here we demonstrate that α-catenin is modified by SUMO protein, which covalently binds α-catenin at the carboxy terminus at lysine 870. Substitution of lysine 870 with arginine completely abolishes α-catenin SUMOylation. This modification can be removed by SENP1. However, α-catenin SUMOylation does not affect its stability and subcellular localization. In addition, we observed that the SUMOylation-deficient α-catenin mutant has a reduced interaction with IκBα which prevents subsequent ubiquitination of IκBα, and therefore a reduced suppression of expression of the NF-κB target genes TNF-α, IL-8, VEGF, and uPA. In addition, the α-catenin SUMOylation mutant shows impaired suppression of tumor growth. These results demonstrate that SUMOylation at lysine 870 of α-catenin plays a key role in the suppression of the NF-κB pathway, which inhibits breast cancer tumor growth and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiahui Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yangyang Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Bowen Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Kangkai Xia
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Shujing Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Huijian Wu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China. .,School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.
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44
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Cheng X, Zheng J, Li G, Göbel V, Zhang H. Degradation for better survival? Role of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1438-1460. [PMID: 29493067 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a prevalent post-translational modification, ubiquitination is essential for many developmental processes. Once covalently attached to the small and conserved polypeptide ubiquitin (Ub), a substrate protein can be directed to perform specific biological functions via its Ub-modified form. Three sequential catalytic reactions contribute to this process, among which E3 ligases serve to identify target substrates and promote the activated Ub to conjugate to substrate proteins. Ubiquitination has great plasticity, with diverse numbers, topologies and modifications of Ub chains conjugated at different substrate residues adding a layer of complexity that facilitates a huge range of cellular functions. Herein, we highlight key advances in the understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis, with an emphasis on the latest insights into its roles in cellular events involved in polarized epithelial tissue, including cell adhesion, asymmetric localization of polarity determinants and cytoskeletal organization. In addition, the physiological roles of ubiquitination are discussed for typical examples of epithelial morphogenesis, such as lung branching, vascular development and synaptic formation and plasticity. Our increased understanding of ubiquitination in epithelial morphogenesis may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial regeneration and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Gang Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Verena Göbel
- Department of Pediatrics, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,, U.S.A
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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Bong YS, Assefnia S, Tuohy T, Neklason DW, Burt RW, Ahn J, Bueno De Mesquita PJ, Byers SW. A role for the vitamin D pathway in non-intestinal lesions in genetic and carcinogen models of colorectal cancer and in familial adenomatous polyposis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80508-80520. [PMID: 27768599 PMCID: PMC5348337 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is implicated in the etiology of cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, usually characterized by alteration in the APC/β-catenin/TCF tumor suppressor pathway. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is also implicated in cardiovascular and skin diseases as well as in immunity. Activated VDR can indirectly alter β-catenin nuclear localization and directly suppress β-catenin/TCF mediated transcriptional activity. We treated VDR null mice with the carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) and generated mice bearing a mutated APC (hypomorph) on a VDR null background (Apc1638N/+Vdr−/−). VDR null mice do not develop GI or extra-colonic tumors but loss of VDR decreased intestinal tumor latency and increased progression to adenocarcinoma in both models. AOM treatment of VDR null mice also caused squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. Although levels and distribution of total or activated β-catenin in the epithelial component of tumors were unaffected by loss of VDR, β-catenin dependent cyclin D1 expression was affected suggesting a direct VDR effect on β-catenin co-activator activity. Extra-colonic mucosa manifestations in Apc1638N/+Vdr−/− animals included increased nuclear β-catenin in submucosal stromal cells, spleno- and cardiomegaly and large epidermoid cysts characteristic of the FAP variant, Gardner's syndrome. Consistent with this, SNPs in the VDR, vitamin D binding protein and CYP24 as well as mutations in APC distal to codon 850 were strongly associated with Gardners syndrome in a cohort of 457 FAP patients, This work suggests that alterations in the vitamin D/VDR axis are important in Gardner's syndrome, as well as in the etiology of anal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sik Bong
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Shahin Assefnia
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Therese Tuohy
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Deborah W Neklason
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Randall W Burt
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Jaeil Ahn
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Paul J Bueno De Mesquita
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Stephen W Byers
- Georgetown-Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Balatskyi VV, Ruban TP, Macewicz LL, Piven OO. Cardiospecific knockout of αE-catenin leads to violation of the neonatal cardiomyocytes maturation via β-catenin and Yap signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.7124/bc.00096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. P. Ruban
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
| | - L. L. Macewicz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
| | - O. O. Piven
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
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Estarás C, Hsu HT, Huang L, Jones KA. YAP repression of the WNT3 gene controls hESC differentiation along the cardiac mesoderm lineage. Genes Dev 2017; 31:2250-2263. [PMID: 29269485 PMCID: PMC5769769 DOI: 10.1101/gad.307512.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, Estaras et al. researched how the Hippo effector YAP represses hESC differentiation and demonstrate that YAP binds to the WNT3 gene enhancer and prevents the gene from being induced by Activin in proliferating hESCs. Their findings indicate that YAP maintains hESC pluripotency by preventing WNT3 expression in response to Activin, thereby blocking a direct route to embryonic cardiac mesoderm formation. Activin/SMAD signaling in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) ensures NANOG expression and stem cell pluripotency. In the presence of Wnt ligand, the Activin/SMAD transcription network switches to cooperate with Wnt/β-catenin and induce mesendodermal (ME) differentiation genes. We show here that the Hippo effector YAP binds to the WNT3 gene enhancer and prevents the gene from being induced by Activin in proliferating hESCs. ChIP-seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation [ChIP] combined with high-throughput sequencing) data show that YAP impairs SMAD recruitment and the accumulation of P-TEFb-associated RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD)-Ser7 phosphorylation at the WNT3 gene. CRISPR/CAS9 knockout of YAP in hESCs enables Activin to induce Wnt3 expression and stabilize β-catenin, which then synergizes with Activin-induced SMADs to activate a subset of ME genes that is required to form cardiac mesoderm. Interestingly, exposure of YAP−/− hESCs to Activin induces cardiac mesoderm markers (BAF60c and HAND1) without activating Wnt-dependent cardiac inhibitor genes (CDX2 and MSX1). Moreover, canonical Wnt target genes are up-regulated only modestly, if at all, under these conditions. Consequently, YAP-null hESCs exposed to Activin differentiate precisely into beating cardiomyocytes without further treatment. We conclude that YAP maintains hESC pluripotency by preventing WNT3 expression in response to Activin, thereby blocking a direct route to embryonic cardiac mesoderm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conchi Estarás
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Hui-Ting Hsu
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Ling Huang
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Katherine A Jones
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Hankey W, McIlhatton MA, Ebede K, Kennedy B, Hancioglu B, Zhang J, Brock GN, Huang K, Groden J. Mutational Mechanisms That Activate Wnt Signaling and Predict Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2017; 78:617-630. [PMID: 29212857 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
APC biallelic loss-of-function mutations are the most prevalent genetic changes in colorectal tumors, but it is unknown whether these mutations phenocopy gain-of-function mutations in the CTNNB1 gene encoding β-catenin that also activate canonical WNT signaling. Here we demonstrate that these two mutational mechanisms are not equivalent. Furthermore, we show how differences in gene expression produced by these different mechanisms can stratify outcomes in more advanced human colorectal cancers. Gene expression profiling in Apc-mutant and Ctnnb1-mutant mouse colon adenomas identified candidate genes for subsequent evaluation of human TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data for colorectal cancer outcomes. Transcriptional patterns exhibited evidence of activated canonical Wnt signaling in both types of adenomas, with Apc-mutant adenomas also exhibiting unique changes in pathways related to proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and apoptosis. Apc-mutant adenomas were characterized by increased expression of the glial nexin Serpine2, the human ortholog, which was increased in advanced human colorectal tumors. Our results support the hypothesis that APC-mutant colorectal tumors are transcriptionally distinct from APC-wild-type colorectal tumors with canonical WNT signaling activated by other mechanisms, with possible implications for stratification and prognosis.Significance: These findings suggest that colon adenomas driven by APC mutations are distinct from those driven by WNT gain-of-function mutations, with implications for identifying at-risk patients with advanced disease based on gene expression patterns. Cancer Res; 78(3); 617-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hankey
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael A McIlhatton
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kenechi Ebede
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brian Kennedy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Baris Hancioglu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Guy N Brock
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Joanna Groden
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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49
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Mariotti L, Pollock K, Guettler S. Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling by tankyrase-dependent poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and scaffolding. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4611-4636. [PMID: 28910490 PMCID: PMC5727255 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is pivotal for stem cell function and the control of cellular differentiation, both during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in adults. Its activity is carefully controlled through the concerted interactions of concentration-limited pathway components and a wide range of post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, sumoylation, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) and acetylation. Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling by PARylation was discovered relatively recently. The PARP tankyrase PARylates AXIN1/2, an essential central scaffolding protein in the β-catenin destruction complex, and targets it for degradation, thereby fine-tuning the responsiveness of cells to the Wnt signal. The past few years have not only seen much progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which PARylation controls the pathway but also witnessed the successful development of tankyrase inhibitors as tool compounds and promising agents for the therapy of Wnt-dependent dysfunctions, including colorectal cancer. Recent work has hinted at more complex roles of tankyrase in Wnt/β-catenin signalling as well as challenges and opportunities in the development of tankyrase inhibitors. Here we review some of the latest advances in our understanding of tankyrase function in the pathway and efforts to modulate tankyrase activity to re-tune Wnt/β-catenin signalling in colorectal cancer cells. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mariotti
- Division of Structural BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
- Division of Cancer BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Katie Pollock
- Division of Structural BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
- Division of Cancer BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
- Division of Cancer TherapeuticsThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Division of Structural BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
- Division of Cancer BiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
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50
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van Kappel EC, Maurice MM. Molecular regulation and pharmacological targeting of the β-catenin destruction complex. Br J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28634996 PMCID: PMC5727331 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The β‐catenin destruction complex is a dynamic cytosolic multiprotein assembly that provides a key node in Wnt signalling regulation. The core components of the destruction complex comprise the scaffold proteins axin and adenomatous polyposis coli and the Ser/Thr kinases casein kinase 1 and glycogen synthase kinase 3. In unstimulated cells, the destruction complex efficiently drives degradation of the transcriptional coactivator β‐catenin, thereby preventing the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Mutational inactivation of the destruction complex is a major pathway in the pathogenesis of cancer. Here, we review recent insights in the regulation of the β‐catenin destruction complex, including newly identified interaction interfaces, regulatory elements and post‐translationally controlled mechanisms. In addition, we discuss how mutations in core destruction complex components deregulate Wnt signalling via distinct mechanisms and how these findings open up potential therapeutic approaches to restore destruction complex activity in cancer cells. Linked Articles This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline C van Kappel
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon M Maurice
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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