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Goins LM, Girard JR, Mondal BC, Buran S, Su CC, Tang R, Biswas T, Kissi JA, Banerjee U. Wnt signaling couples G2 phase control with differentiation during hematopoiesis in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00341-1. [PMID: 38866012 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
During homeostasis, a critical balance is maintained between myeloid-like progenitors and their differentiated progeny, which function to mitigate stress and innate immune challenges. The molecular mechanisms that help achieve this balance are not fully understood. Using genetic dissection in Drosophila, we show that a Wnt6/EGFR-signaling network simultaneously controls progenitor growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Unlike G1-quiescence of stem cells, hematopoietic progenitors are blocked in G2 phase by a β-catenin-independent (Wnt/STOP) Wnt6 pathway that restricts Cdc25 nuclear entry and promotes cell growth. Canonical β-catenin-dependent Wnt6 signaling is spatially confined to mature progenitors through localized activation of the tyrosine kinases EGFR and Abelson kinase (Abl), which promote nuclear entry of β-catenin and facilitate exit from G2. This strategy combines transcription-dependent and -independent forms of both Wnt6 and EGFR pathways to create a direct link between cell-cycle control and differentiation. This unique combinatorial strategy employing conserved components may underlie homeostatic balance and stress response in mammalian hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Goins
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Juliet R Girard
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bama Charan Mondal
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sausan Buran
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chloe C Su
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruby Tang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Titash Biswas
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A Kissi
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Utpal Banerjee
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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2
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Ogamino S, Yamamichi M, Sato K, Ishitani T. Dynamics of Wnt/β-catenin reporter activity throughout whole life in a naturally short-lived vertebrate. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:23. [PMID: 38684674 PMCID: PMC11059364 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a major role in regulation of embryogenesis, organogenesis, and adult tissue homeostasis and regeneration. However, the roles played by Wnt/β-catenin and the spatiotemporal regulation of its activity throughout life, including during aging, are not fully understood. To address these issues, we introduced a Wnt/β-catenin signaling sensitive reporter into African turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri), a naturally ultra-short-lived fish that allows for the analysis of its whole life within a short period of time. Using this reporter killifish, we unraveled the previously unidentified dynamics of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during development and aging. Using the reporter strain, we detected Wnt/β-catenin activity in actively developing tissues as reported in previous reports, but also observed activation and attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin activity during embryonic reaggregation and diapause, respectively. During the aging process, the reporter was activated in the choroidal layer and liver, but its expression decreased in the kidneys. In addition, the reporter also revealed that aging disrupts the spatial regulation and intensity control of Wnt/β-catenin activity seen during fin regeneration, which interferes with precise regeneration. Thus, the employed reporter killifish is a highly useful model for investigating the dynamics of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during both the developmental and aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Ogamino
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan
| | - Moeko Yamamichi
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Sato
- Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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3
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Son TG, Seo Y, Kim WT, Kim M, Choi SJ, Choi SH, Sung BJ, Min JS, Han EC, Kim HS. Characterization of 3D Organotypic Culture of Mouse Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3931. [PMID: 38612741 PMCID: PMC11011465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although stem cells are a promising avenue for harnessing the potential of adipose tissue, conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture methods have limitations. This study explored the use of three-dimensional (3D) cultures to preserve the regenerative potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and investigated their cellular properties. Flow cytometric analysis revealed significant variations in surface marker expressions between the two culture conditions. While 2D cultures showed robust surface marker expressions, 3D cultures exhibited reduced levels of CD44, CD90.2, and CD105. Adipogenic differentiation in 3D organotypic ADSCs faced challenges, with decreased organoid size and limited activation of adipogenesis-related genes. Key adipocyte markers, such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and adipoQ, were undetectable in 3D-cultured ADSCs, unlike positive controls in 2D-cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Surprisingly, 3D-cultured ADSCs underwent mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), evidenced by increased E-cadherin and EpCAM expression and decreased mesenchymal markers. This study highlights successful ADSC organoid formation, notable MSC phenotype changes in 3D culture, adipogenic differentiation challenges, and a distinctive shift toward an epithelial-like state. These findings offer insights into the potential applications of 3D-cultured ADSCs in regenerative medicine, emphasizing the need for further exploration of underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gen Son
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Yoojin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea;
| | - Won-Tae Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Meesun Kim
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Seon Jeong Choi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Si Ho Choi
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Byung-Jun Sung
- Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (W.-T.K.); (M.K.); (S.J.C.); (S.H.C.); (B.-J.S.)
| | - Jae-Seok Min
- Department of Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.M.); (E.C.H.)
| | - Eon Chul Han
- Department of Surgery, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Busan 46033, Republic of Korea; (J.-S.M.); (E.C.H.)
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea;
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Xing YZ, Guo HY, Xiang F, Li YH. Recent progress in hair follicle stem cell markers and their regulatory roles. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:126-136. [PMID: 38455104 PMCID: PMC10915958 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in the bulge are a multipotent adult stem cell population. They can periodically give rise to new HFs and even regenerate the epidermis and sebaceous glands during wound healing. An increasing number of biomarkers have been used to isolate, label, and trace HFSCs in recent years. Considering more detailed data from single-cell transcriptomics technology, we mainly focus on the important HFSC molecular markers and their regulatory roles in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhan Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hai-Ying Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Xiang
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Frech S, Lichtenberger BM. Modulating embryonic signaling pathways paves the way for regeneration in wound healing. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1367425. [PMID: 38434140 PMCID: PMC10904466 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1367425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues, including the skin, are highly proliferative tissues with the capability to constant renewal and regeneration, a feature that is essential for survival as the skin forms a protective barrier against external insults and water loss. In adult mammalian skin, every injury will lead to a scar. The scar tissue that is produced to seal the wound efficiently is usually rigid and lacks elasticity and the skin's original resilience to external impacts, but also secondary appendages such as hair follicles and sebaceous glands. While it was long thought that hair follicles develop solely during embryogenesis, it is becoming increasingly clear that hair follicles can also regenerate within a wound. The ability of the skin to induce hair neogenesis following injury however declines with age. As fetal and neonatal skin have the remarkable capacity to heal without scarring, the recapitulation of a neonatal state has been a primary target of recent regenerative research. In this review we highlight how modulating dermal signaling or the abundance of specific fibroblast subsets could be utilized to induce de novo hair follicles within the wound bed, and thus to shift wound repair with a scar to scarless regeneration.
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Du X, Yang D, Yu X, Wei Y, Chen W, Zhai Y, Ma F, Zhang M, Wan S, Li Y, Yang X, Aierken A, Zhang N, Xu W, Meng Y, Li N, Liao M, Yuan X, Zhu H, Qu L, Zhou N, Bai X, Peng S, Yang F, Hua J. PLZF protein forms a complex with protein TET1 to target TCF7L2 in undifferentiated spermatogonia. Theriogenology 2024; 215:321-333. [PMID: 38128225 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF, also known as ZBTB16) is critical for the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). However, the function of PLZF in SSCs is not clear. Here, we found that PLZF acted as an epigenetic regulator of stem cell maintenance and self-renewal of germ cells. The PLZF protein interacts with the ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) protein and subsequently acts as a modulator to regulate the expression of self-renewal-related genes. Furthermore, Transcription Factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is promoted by the coordination of PLZF and Tri-methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me3). In addition, testicular single-cell sequencing indicated that TCF7L2 is commonly expressed in the PLZF cluster. We demonstrated that PLZF directly targets TCF7L2 and alters the landscape of histone methylation in the SSCs nucleus. Meanwhile, the RD domain and Zn finger domain of PLZF synergize with H3K4me3 and directly upregulate TCF7L2 expression at the transcriptional level. Additionally, we identified a new association between PLZF and the histone methyltransferase EZH2 at the genomic level. Our study identified a new association between PLZF and H3K4me3, established the novel PLZF&TET1-H3K4me3-TCF7L2 axis at the genomic level which regulates undifferentiated spermatogonia, and provided a platform for studying germ cell development in male domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China; Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiuwei Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China; Department of Histo-embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yudong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Fanglin Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shicheng Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Aili Aierken
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingzhi Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaole Yuan
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Haijing Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Lei Qu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China
| | - Na Zhou
- People's Hospital of Jingbian County, Ningxia Medical University, Yuling, Shaanxi, 718500, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sha Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Yangling, 712100, China.
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7
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García de Herreros A. Dual role of Snail1 as transcriptional repressor and activator. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189037. [PMID: 38043804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Snail1 transcriptional factor plays a key role in the control of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a process that remodels tumor cells increasing their invasion and chemo-resistance as well as reprograms their metabolism and provides stemness properties. During this transition, Snail1 acts as a transcriptional repressor and, as growing evidences have demonstrated, also as a direct activator of mesenchymal genes. In this review, I describe the different proteins that interact with Snail1 and are responsible for these two different functions on gene expression; I focus on the transcriptional factors that associate to Snail1 in their target promoters, both activated and repressed. I also present working models for Snail1 action both as repressor and activator and raise some issues that still need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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8
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Jin L, Chen Y, Muzaffar S, Li C, Mier-Aguilar CA, Khan J, Kashyap MP, Liu S, Srivastava R, Deshane JS, Townes TM, Elewski BE, Elmets CA, Crossman DK, Raman C, Athar M. Epigenetic switch reshapes epithelial progenitor cell signatures and drives inflammatory pathogenesis in hidradenitis suppurativa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2315096120. [PMID: 38011564 PMCID: PMC10710069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315096120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a complex inflammatory skin disease with undefined mechanistic underpinnings. Here, we investigated HS epithelial cells and demonstrated that HS basal progenitors modulate their lineage restriction and give rise to pathogenic keratinocyte clones, resulting in epidermal hyperproliferation and dysregulated inflammation in HS. When comparing to healthy epithelial stem/progenitor cells, in HS, we identified changes in gene signatures that revolve around the mitotic cell cycle, DNA damage response and repair, as well as cell-cell adhesion and chromatin remodeling. By reconstructing cell differentiation trajectory and CellChat modeling, we identified a keratinocyte population specific to HS. This population is marked by S100A7/8/9 and KRT6 family members, triggering IL1, IL10, and complement inflammatory cascades. These signals, along with HS-specific proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, contribute to the recruitment of certain immune cells during the disease progression. Furthermore, we revealed a previously uncharacterized role of S100A8 in regulating the local chromatin environment of target loci in HS keratinocytes. Through the integration of genomic and epigenomic datasets, we identified genome-wide chromatin rewiring alongside the switch of transcription factors (TFs), which mediated HS transcriptional profiles. Importantly, we identified numerous clinically relevant inflammatory enhancers and their coordinated TFs in HS basal CD49fhigh cells. The disruption of the S100A enhancer using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated approach or the pharmacological inhibition of the interferon regulatory transcription factor 3 (IRF3) efficiently reduced the production of HS-associated inflammatory regulators. Our study not only uncovers the plasticity of epidermal progenitor cells in HS but also elucidates the epigenetic mechanisms underlying HS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Center for Epigenomics and Translational Research in Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Yunjia Chen
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Suhail Muzaffar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Carlos A. Mier-Aguilar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Jasim Khan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Mahendra P. Kashyap
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Shanrun Liu
- Institutional Research Core Program, Flow Cytometry and Singe Cell Core, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Ritesh Srivastava
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Jessy S. Deshane
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Tim M. Townes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Boni E. Elewski
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Craig A. Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - David K. Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Center for Epigenomics and Translational Research in Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
- Research Center of Excellence in Arsenicals, Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL35294
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9
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Alshahrani SH, Rakhimov N, Rana A, Alsaab HO, Hjazi A, Adile M, Abosaooda M, Abdulhussien Alazbjee AA, Alsalamy A, Mahmoudi R. Dishevelled: An emerging therapeutic oncogene in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154793. [PMID: 37683388 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted and complex disorder characterized by uncontrolled rates of cell proliferation and its ability to spread and attack other organs. Emerging data indicated several pathways and molecular targets are engaged in cancer progression. Among them, the Wnt signaling pathway was shown to have a crucial role in cancer onset and progression. Dishevelled (DVL) acts in a branch point of canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathway. DVL not only acts in the cytoplasm to inactivate the destruction complex of β-catenin but is also transported into the nucleus to affect the transcription of target genes. Available data revealed that the expression levels of DVL increased in cell and clinical specimens of various cancers, proposing that it may have an oncogenic role. DVL promoted cell invasion, migration, cell cycle, survival, proliferation, 3D-spheroid formation, stemness, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it suppressed cell apoptosis. The higher levels of DVL is associated with the clinicopathological characteristic of cancer-affected patients, including lymph node metastasis, tumor grade, histological type, and age. In addition, the higher levels of DVL could be a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cancer as well as it could be a mediator in cancer chemoresistance to Methotrexate, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil. This study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of DVL in cancer pathogenesis as well as to explore its importance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as its role as a mediator in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nodir Rakhimov
- Department of Oncology, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs,Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli 103, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Arti Rana
- Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohaned Adile
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Karvas RM, Zemke JE, Ali SS, Upton E, Sane E, Fischer LA, Dong C, Park KM, Wang F, Park K, Hao S, Chew B, Meyer B, Zhou C, Dietmann S, Theunissen TW. 3D-cultured blastoids model human embryogenesis from pre-implantation to early gastrulation stages. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1148-1165.e7. [PMID: 37683602 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Naive human pluripotent stem cells have the remarkable ability to self-organize into blastocyst-like structures ("blastoids") that model lineage segregation in the pre-implantation embryo. However, the extent to which blastoids can recapitulate the defining features of human post-implantation development remains unexplored. Here, we report that blastoids cultured on thick three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrices capture hallmarks of early post-implantation development, including epiblast lumenogenesis, rapid expansion and diversification of trophoblast lineages, and robust invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells by day 14. Extended blastoid culture results in the localized activation of primitive streak marker TBXT and the emergence of embryonic germ layers by day 21. We also show that the modulation of WNT signaling alters the balance between epiblast and trophoblast fates in post-implantation blastoids. This work demonstrates that 3D-cultured blastoids offer a continuous and integrated in vitro model system of human embryonic and extraembryonic development from pre-implantation to early gastrulation stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan M Karvas
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joseph E Zemke
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Syed Shahzaib Ali
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eric Upton
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eshan Sane
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura A Fischer
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kyoung-Mi Park
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kibeom Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Senyue Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Brian Chew
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brittany Meyer
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Thorold W Theunissen
- Department of Developmental Biology and Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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11
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Bugacov H, Der B, Kim S, Lindström NO, McMahon AP. Canonical Wnt transcriptional complexes are essential for induction of nephrogenesis but not maintenance or proliferation of nephron progenitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.20.554044. [PMID: 37662369 PMCID: PMC10473675 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.20.554044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Wnt regulated transcriptional programs are associated with both the maintenance of mammalian nephron progenitor cells (NPC) and their induction, initiating the process of nephrogenesis. How opposing transcriptional roles are regulated remain unclear. Using an in vitro model replicating in vivo events, we examined the requirement for canonical Wnt transcriptional complexes in NPC regulation. In canonical transcription, Lef/Tcf DNA binding proteins associate the transcriptional co-activator β-catenin. Wnt signaling is readily substituted by CHIR99021, a small molecule antagonist of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). GSK3β inhibition blocks Gskβ-dependent turnover of β-catenin, enabling formation of Lef/Tcf/β-catenin transcriptional complexes, and enhancer-mediated transcriptional activation. Removal of β-catenin activity from NPCs under cell expansion conditions (low CHIR) demonstrated a non-transcriptional role for β-catenin in the CHIR-dependent proliferation of NPCs. In contrast, CHIR-mediated induction of nephrogenesis, on switching from low to high CHIR, was dependent on Lef/Tcf and β-catenin transcriptional activity. These studies point to a non-transcriptional mechanism for β-catenin in regulation of NPCs, and potentially other stem progenitor cell types. Further, analysis of the β-catenin-directed transcriptional response provides new insight into induction of nephrogenesis. Summary Statement The study provides a mechanistic understanding of Wnt/ β-catenin activity in self-renewal and differentiation of mammalian nephron progenitors.
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12
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Akhavanfar R, Shafagh SG, Mohammadpour B, Farahmand Y, Lotfalizadeh MH, Kookli K, Adili A, Siri G, Eshagh Hosseini SM. A comprehensive insight into the correlation between ncRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in gastric cancer pathogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:166. [PMID: 37386429 PMCID: PMC10308667 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, gastric cancer (GC) has emerged as one of the most frequent malignancies with a growing rate of prevalence around the world. Despite considerable advances in therapeutic methods, the prognosis and management of patients with gastric cancer (GC) continue to be poor. As one of the candidate molecular targets in the treatment of many types of cancer, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway includes a family of proteins that have important functions in adult tissue homeostasis and embryonic development. The aberrant regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is strongly correlated with the initiation and development of numerous cancers, including GC. Therefore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been identified as one of the main targets for extending therapeutic approaches for GC patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs and long ncRNAs, are important components of epigenetic mechanisms in gene regulation. They play vital roles in various molecular and cellular processes and regulate many signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Insights into these regulatory molecules involved in GC development may lead to the identification of potential targets for overcoming the limitations of current therapeutic approaches. Consequently, this review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of ncRNAs interactions involved in Wnt/β-catenin pathway function in GC with diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Akhavanfar
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Yalda Farahmand
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Keihan Kookli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Adili
- Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Goli Siri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Hou XN, Tang C. The pros and cons of ubiquitination on the formation of protein condensates. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1084-1098. [PMID: 37294105 PMCID: PMC10423694 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a post-translational modification that attaches one or more ubiquitin (Ub) molecules to another protein, plays a crucial role in the phase-separation processes. Ubiquitination can modulate the formation of membrane-less organelles in two ways. First, a scaffold protein drives phase separation, and Ub is recruited to the condensates. Second, Ub actively phase-separates through the interactions with other proteins. Thus, the role of ubiquitination and the resulting polyUb chains ranges from bystanders to active participants in phase separation. Moreover, long polyUb chains may be the primary driving force for phase separation. We further discuss that the different roles can be determined by the lengths and linkages of polyUb chains which provide preorganized and multivalent binding platforms for other client proteins. Together, ubiquitination adds a new layer of regulation for the flow of material and information upon cellular compartmentalization of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ni Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
| | - Chun Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
- Center for Quantitate BiologyPKU-Tsinghua Center for Life ScienceAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China
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14
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He R, Xu Y, Yu L, Meng N, Wang H, Cui Y, Yam JWP. Extracellular Vesicles Act as Carriers for Cargo Delivery and Regulate Wnt Signaling in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072088. [PMID: 37046749 PMCID: PMC10093647 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As the primary type of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes a large number of deaths every year. Despite extensive research conducted on this disease, the prognosis of HCC remains unclear. Recently, research has largely focused on extracellular vesicles (EVs), and they have been found to participate in various ways in the development of various diseases, including HCC, such as by regulating cell signaling pathways. However, recent studies have reported the mechanisms underlying the regulation of Wnt signaling by EVs in HCC, primarily focusing on the regulation of the canonical pathways. This review summarizes the current literature on the regulation of Wnt signaling by EVs in HCC and their underlying mechanisms. In addition, we also present future research directions in this field. This will deepen the understanding of HCC and provide new ideas for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng He
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361000, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Tumor Targeted Nano Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310063, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Pharmacy and Individualized Therapy of Huzhou, Department of Pharmacy, Changxing People’s Hospital, Changxing 313000, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Nanfeng Meng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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15
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Kaiser A, Eiselt G, Bechler J, Huber O, Schmidt M. WNT3a Signaling Inhibits Aromatase Expression in Breast Adipose Fibroblasts-A Possible Mechanism Supporting the Loss of Estrogen Responsiveness of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054654. [PMID: 36902090 PMCID: PMC10003471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-dependent breast cancers rely on a constant supply of estrogens and expression of estrogen receptors. Local biosynthesis, by aromatase in breast adipose fibroblasts (BAFs), is their most important source for estrogens. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) rely on other growth-promoting signals, including those from the Wnt pathway. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that Wnt signaling alters the proliferation of BAFs, and is involved in regulation of aromatase expression in BAFs. Conditioned medium (CM) from TNBC cells and WNT3a consistently increased BAF growth, and reduced aromatase activity up to 90%, by suppression of the aromatase promoter I.3/II region. Database searches identified three putative Wnt-responsive elements (WREs) in the aromatase promoter I.3/II. In luciferase reporter gene assays, promoter I.3/II activity was inhibited by overexpression of full-length T-cell factor (TCF)-4 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, which served as a model for BAFs. Full-length lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (LEF)-1 increased the transcriptional activity. However, TCF-4 binding to WRE1 in the aromatase promoter, was lost after WNT3a stimulation in immunoprecipitation-based in vitro DNA-binding assays, and in chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). In vitro DNA-binding assays, ChIP, and Western blotting revealed a WNT3a-dependent switch of nuclear LEF-1 isoforms towards a truncated variant, whereas β-catenin levels remained unchanged. This LEF-1 variant revealed dominant negative properties, and most likely recruited enzymes involved in heterochromatin formation. In addition, WNT3a induced the replacement of TCF-4 by the truncated LEF-1 variant, on WRE1 of the aromatase promoter I.3/II. The mechanism described here may be responsible for the loss of aromatase expression predominantly associated with TNBC. Tumors with (strong) expression of Wnt ligands actively suppress aromatase expression in BAFs. Consequently a reduced estrogen supply could favor the growth of estrogen-independent tumor cells, which consequently would make estrogen receptors dispensable. In summary, canonical Wnt signaling within (cancerous) breast tissue may be a major factor controlling local estrogen synthesis and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kaiser
- Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gabriele Eiselt
- Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Joachim Bechler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Robert-Koch-Hospital, 99510 Apolda, Germany
| | - Otmar Huber
- Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Institute for Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-939-6420
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16
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El-Mahdy HA, Elsakka EGE, El-Husseiny AA, Ismail A, Yehia AM, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elshimy RAA, Noshy M, Doghish AS. miRNAs role in bladder cancer pathogenesis and targeted therapy: Signaling pathways interplay - A review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 242:154316. [PMID: 36682282 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 11th most popular cancer in females and 4th in males. A lot of efforts have been exerted to improve BC patients' care. Besides, new approaches have been developed to enhance the efficiency of BC diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutics, and monitoring. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small chain nucleic acids that can regulate wide networks of cellular events. They can inhibit or degrade their target protein-encoding genes. The miRNAs are either downregulated or upregulated in BC due to epigenetic alterations or biogenesis machinery abnormalities. In BC, dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, treatment resistance, and other activities. A variety of miRNAs have been related to tumor kind, stage, or patient survival. Besides, although new approaches for using miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of BC have been developed, it still needs further investigations. In the next words, we illustrate the recent advances in the role of miRNAs in BC aspects. They include the role of miRNAs in BC pathogenesis and therapy. Besides, the clinical applications of miRNAs in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reham A A Elshimy
- Clinical & Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, 11796 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Noshy
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), SouthSinai, Ras Sudr 46612, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
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17
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Yu Q, Dai J, Shu M. Circular RNA-0072309 has antitumor influences in Hep3B cell line by targeting microRNA-665. Biofactors 2023; 49:79-89. [PMID: 32048412 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver and has a high mortality rate. We strived to detect the role and mechanism of circRNA-0072309 in liver cancer. Hep3B cell line was transfected with pc-circ and si-circ for viability, colony formation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion tests, which were individually performed by CCK-8, colony formation detection, flow cytometry assay, migration and invasion assays. What is more, the luciferase reporter assay was conducted to determine the target relationship between the circRNA-0072309 and microRNA (miR)-665. The expression of circRNA-0072309 was examined by qRT-PCR. The expression of proteins was examined via western blot. CircRNA-0072309 was lowly expressed in liver cancer tissues and positively associated with 5-year survival rate. The viability, colony formation, invasive and migratory ability were inhibited by abundant circRNA-0072309, which promoted cell apoptosis on the contrary. CircRNA-0072309 knockdown induced opposite effects, but could not affect apoptosis. Overexpressed miR-665 in tumor tissues was targeted and negatively controlled by circRNA-0072309. The PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways were inhibited by abundant circRNA-0072309. miR-665 overexpression disturbed those effects derived from pc-circ. The circRNA-0072309 had antitumor influences in Hep3B cell line through targeting miR-665 relying on the deactivation of PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science (Ningbo No.2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhua Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science (Ningbo No.2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Shu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Science (Ningbo No.2 Hospital), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Saranya I, Akshaya R, Selvamurugan N. Regulation of Wnt signaling by non-coding RNAs during osteoblast differentiation. Differentiation 2022; 128:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Beni FA, Kazemi M, Dianat-Moghadam H, Behjati M. MicroRNAs regulating Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal cancer: biological implications and clinical potentials. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1073-1088. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00908-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li H, Xu L, Yi P, Li L, Yan T, Xie L, Zhu Z. High-throughput circular RNA sequencing reveals the profiles of circular RNA in non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:857. [PMID: 35931993 PMCID: PMC9356431 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cirrhosis is a well-known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some HCC cases can also originate from non-cirrhotic livers. The aim of this study was to identify key circular RNAs (circRNAs) associated with the tumorigenesis of non-cirrhotic liver disease. Methods The differently expressed circRNAs between non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic HCCs were assessed with use of high-throughput circRNAs sequencing and validated with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Potential biological functions of these dysregulated circRNAs were predicted with use of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation network was constructed as achieved with use of miRanda software and visualized using Cytoscape software. Biological functions of the four most prominent dysregulated circRNAs identified were confirmed by in vitro experiments. Moreover, possible translations of these dysregulated circRNAs were also predicted. Results A total of 393 dysregulated circRNAs were identified between non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic HCC, including 213 that were significantly up-regulated and 180 significantly down-regulated circRNAs. Expression levels of the six most prominent dysregulated circRNAs were further validated using qRT-PCR. Many tumor related miRNAs were involved in the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks, including miR-182-5p, miR-561-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-145, miR-23b-3p and miR-30e-3p, and downstream mRNAs of dysregulated circRNAs were significantly related with biological processes involved in the progression of tumors, including proliferation, migration, differentiation, and focal adhesion. Results from the in vitro experiments demonstrated that the most prominent dysregulated circRNAs exerted notable effects upon the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Finally, we also identified 19 dysregulated circRNAs having potential for the coding of functional peptides. Conclusion The results of this present study indicate that circRNAs may play important roles in tumorigenesis of non-cirrhotic HCC. Such findings provide some novel insights and pave the way for the development of future studies directed at investigating the initiation and treatment of HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09909-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pengsheng Yi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhijun Zhu
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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ROR2 regulates self-renewal and maintenance of hair follicle stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4449. [PMID: 35915068 PMCID: PMC9343661 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles undergo cycles of regeneration fueled by hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). While β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt signaling has been extensively studied and implicated in HFSC activation and fate determination, very little is known about the function of β-catenin-independent Wnt signaling in HFSCs. In this study, we investigate the functional role of ROR2, a Wnt receptor, in HFSCs. By analyzing Ror2-depleted HFSCs, we uncover that ROR2 is not only essential to regulate Wnt-activated signaling that is responsible for HFSC activation and self-renewal, but it is also required to maintain proper ATM/ATR-dependent DNA damage response, which is indispensable for the long-term maintenance of HFSCs. In analyzing HFSCs lacking β-catenin, we identify a compensatory role of ROR2-PKC signaling in protecting β-catenin-null HFSCs from the loss of stem cell pool. Collectively, our study unveils a previously unrecognized role of ROR2 in regulation of stem cell self-renewal and maintenance. Wnt signaling functions in tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Here the authors show that ROR2, a Wnt receptor, plays roles not only in transducing Wnt signaling, but also in regulation of DNA damage response critical for stem cell maintenance.
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Verma M, Loh NY, Sabaratnam R, Vasan SK, van Dam AD, Todorčević M, Neville MJ, Toledo E, Karpe F, Christodoulides C. TCF7L2 plays a complex role in human adipose progenitor biology, which might contribute to genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2022; 133:155240. [PMID: 35697299 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-coding genetic variation at TCF7L2 is the strongest genetic determinant of type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk in humans. TCF7L2 encodes a transcription factor mediating the nuclear effects of WNT signaling in adipose tissue (AT). In vivo studies in transgenic mice have highlighted important roles for TCF7L2 in adipose tissue biology and systemic metabolism. OBJECTIVE To map the expression of TCF7L2 in human AT, examine its role in human adipose cell biology in vitro, and investigate the effects of the fine-mapped T2D-risk allele at rs7903146 on AT morphology and TCF7L2 expression. METHODS Ex vivo gene expression studies of TCF7L2 in whole and fractionated human AT. In vitro TCF7L2 gain- and/or loss-of-function studies in primary and immortalized human adipose progenitor cells (APCs) and mature adipocytes (mADs). AT phenotyping of rs7903146 T2D-risk variant carriers and matched controls. RESULTS Adipose progenitors (APs) exhibited the highest TCF7L2 mRNA abundance compared to mature adipocytes and adipose-derived endothelial cells. Obesity was associated with reduced TCF7L2 transcript levels in whole subcutaneous abdominal AT but paradoxically increased expression in APs. In functional studies, TCF7L2 knockdown (KD) in abdominal APs led to dose-dependent activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, impaired proliferation and dose-dependent effects on adipogenesis. Whilst partial KD enhanced adipocyte differentiation, near-total KD impaired lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression. Over-expression of TCF7L2 accelerated adipogenesis. In contrast, TCF7L2-KD in gluteal APs dose-dependently enhanced lipid accumulation. Transcriptome-wide profiling revealed that TCF7L2 might modulate multiple aspects of AP biology including extracellular matrix secretion, immune signaling and apoptosis. The T2D-risk allele at rs7903146 was associated with reduced AP TCF7L2 expression and enhanced AT insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS TCF7L2 plays a complex role in AP biology and has both dose- and depot-dependent effects on adipogenesis. In addition to regulating pancreatic insulin secretion, genetic variation at TCF7L2 might also influence T2D risk by modulating AP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Verma
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Nellie Y Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Rugivan Sabaratnam
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Senthil K Vasan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Marijana Todorčević
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Matthew J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Enrique Toledo
- Department of Computational Biology, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
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Huang H, Lu Q, Yuan X, Zhang P, Ye C, Wei M, Yang C, Zhang L, Huang Y, Luo X, Luo J. Andrographolide inhibits the growth of human osteosarcoma cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 365:110068. [PMID: 35917943 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignant skeletal tumor characterized by an extremely poor prognosis and a high tendency to recur. The frequently used anti-OS chemotherapy regents are often limited by drug resistance and severe adverse events. It is urgent to develop more effective, tolerable and safe drugs for the treatment of OS. Andrographolide (AG), a diterpenoid lactone isolated from Andrographis paniculata, has been proved to possess anti-tumor activity against several human cancer types. In this current study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of AG on human OS cells and probed the possible mechanism. We found that AG inhibited the proliferation of human OS cells and blocked cell cycle at G2/M phase. Furthermore, AG impeded the migration and invasion, while promoted the apoptosis of human OS cells. Moreover, we found that AG inhibited OS growth and lung metastasis in orthotopic transplantation model. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that AG suppressed the activity of Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, we validated that AG synergized with the inhibitors of Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB to suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of human OS cells. Collectively, our study conclusively demonstrates that AG inhibits the growth of human OS cells, thus, may be a promising candidate for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huakun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, 441021, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Caihong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengqi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Ouji Y, Misu M, Kitamura T, Okuzaki D, Yoshikawa M. Impaired differentiation potential of CD34-positive cells derived from mouse hair follicles after long-term culture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11011. [PMID: 35773408 PMCID: PMC9247072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15354-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicle epithelial stem cells (HFSCs), which exist in the bulge region, have important functions for homeostasis of skin as well as hair follicle morphogenesis. Although several methods for isolation of HFSCs using a variety of stem cell markers have been reported, few investigations regarding culture methods or techniques to yield long-term maintenance of HFSCs in vitro have been conducted. In the present study, we screened different types of commercially available culture medium for culturing HFSCs. Among those tested, one type was shown capable of supporting the expression of stem cell markers in cultured HFSCs. However, both the differentiation potential and in vivo hair follicle-inducing ability of HFSCs serially passaged using that optimal medium were found to be impaired, probably because of altered responsiveness to Wnt signaling. The changes noted in HFSCs subjected to a long-term culture suggested that the Wnt signaling-related environment must be finely controlled for maintenance of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiteru Ouji
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan.
| | - Masayasu Misu
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Kitamura
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Yoshikawa
- Department of Pathogen, Infection and Immunity, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521, Japan
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Choi K, Park SH, Park SY, Yoon SK. The stem cell quiescence and niche signaling is disturbed in the hair follicle of the hairpoor mouse, an MUHH model mouse. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:211. [PMID: 35619120 PMCID: PMC9137081 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02898-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair follicle stem cells (HFSC) play an essential role in the maintenance of hair homeostasis; during the hair cycle, HFSC remain quiescent for most of its duration. The hairpoor mouse (+ /HrHp), an animal model of Marie-Unna hypotrichosis (MUHH), overexpresses hairless in the bulge, inner root sheath, and outer root sheath of HF and shows the same phenotype as in MUHH patients manifesting sparse hair with progression to alopecia with age. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the hair cycle and the status of HFSC during the hair cycle of the hairpoor mouse in order to delineate the pathogenesis of MUHH. METHODS H&E staining was performed in order to define the state of the hair follicle. FACS analysis and immunostaining were performed at the 1st and 2nd telogen stages for observation of the HFSC. A label retaining assay was performed to determine the quiescent state of hair follicles. qRT-PCR was performed to determine expression of factors involved in niche signaling and Wnt signaling. RESULTS We observed a drastic decrease in the number of hair follicles after the 1st telogen, followed by an intensified disturbance in the hair cycle with shorter anagen as well as 2nd telogen in the hairpoor mouse. A dramatic reduction in the number of CD34 expressing bulges as well as cells was observed at the telogen of the HFs, with prominent high proliferation of bulge cells, suggesting the loss of HFSC quiescence in the hairpoor mouse. The increased cell proliferation in HF was reiterated following the synchronization of the hair cycle, leading to acceleration of HF cycling. Reduced expression of Fgf18 and Bmp6, the factors involved in HFSC quiescence, was observed in the HFSC niche of the hairpoor mouse. In addition, disturbed expression of Wnt signaling molecules including Wnt7b, Wnt10b, and Sfrp1 was observed, which induced the telogen-to-anagen transition of HFs in the hairpoor mouse. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the quiescent state of HFSC is not properly maintained in the hairpoor mouse, consequently leading HFs to the completely disarrayed hair cycle. These findings may provide an understanding of an underlying mechanism for development of alopecia with age in MUHH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keonwoo Choi
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-ku, Seoul, 065-591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-ku, Seoul, 065-591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjoo Kim Yoon
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Life Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-ku, Seoul, 065-591, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Shi R, Li S, Liu P, Zhang S, Wu Z, Wu T, Gong S, Wan Y. Identification of key genes and signaling pathways related to Hetian sheep wool density by RNA-seq technology. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265989. [PMID: 35613128 PMCID: PMC9132291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hetian sheep is a breed of sheep unique to the Hetian area of Xinjiang whose wool is used for producing blankets. Individual differences and hair follicle density are the key factors affecting wool production. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the Hetian sheep having different wool densities to statistically analyze the wool traits and hair follicle parameters. Furthermore, the transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed on the skins with different wool densities. The results showed that wool quantity and total hair follicle density of the high wool density sheep was significantly higher than low wool density sheep. The sheepskin with high wool density was found to grow more and finer wool than sheepskin with low wool density. A total of 1,452 differentially expressed genes were screened from the two sets of samples, including 754 upregulated and 698 downregulated genes. The differentially expressed genes were involved in the TGF-β/BMP and MAPK signaling pathways related to hair growth. Eleven differentially expressed genes belonging to the KAPs and KIFs might affect the fineness of the wool. The key genes, like the TNF, MAP2K2, INHBA, FST, PTPN11, MAP3K7, KIT, and BMPR1A, were found to probably affect the growth and density of the wool. The qPCR verified eight genes related to the MAPK pathway whose gene expression trends were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results. This study furnishes valuable resources for enhancing the quality and production of wool in the Hetian sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Penggang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhenhui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Tinghui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Shujuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Protection & Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
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Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling and Its Cofactor BCL9L Have an Oncogenic Effect in Bladder Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105319. [PMID: 35628130 PMCID: PMC9141496 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is characterised by a high recurrence and progression rate. However, the molecular mechanisms of BC progression remain poorly understood. BCL9L, a coactivator of β-catenin was mutated in the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs). We assessed the influence of UTRs mutations on BCL9L, and the role of BCL9L and Wnt/β-catenin signalling in BC cells. UTR mutations were analysed by a luciferase reporter. BCL9L protein was assessed by immunohistochemistry in BC tissues. Cell proliferation was examined by crystal violet staining and by the spheroid model. Moreover, migration and invasion were analysed in real-time using the xCelligence RTCA system. The A > T mutation at 3′ UTR of BCL9L reduces the luciferase reporter mRNA expression and activity. BCL9L is predominantly increased in dysplastic urothelial cells and muscle-invasive BC. Knockdown of BCL9L and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling significantly repress the proliferation, migration and invasion of Cal29 and T24. In addition, BCL9L knockdown reduces mRNA level of Wnt/β-catenin target genes in Cal29 but not in T24 cells. BCL9L and Wnt/β-catenin signalling play an oncogenic role in bladder cancer cells and seems to be associated with BC progression. Nevertheless, the involvement of BCL9L in Wnt/β-catenin signalling is cell-line specific.
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28
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Küçük M, Aksoy U, Özer Şehirli A. Possible protective effects of the Bmal1 gene and melatonin on the prognosis of apical periodontitis. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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He L, Gao M, Pratt H, Weng Z, Struhl K. MafB, WDR77, and ß-catenin interact with each other and have similar genome association profiles. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264799. [PMID: 35482762 PMCID: PMC9049301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MafB (a bZIP transcription factor), ß-catenin (the ultimate target of the Wnt signal transduction pathway that acts as a transcriptional co-activator of LEF/TCF proteins), and WDR77 (a transcriptional co-activator of multiple hormone receptors) are important for breast cellular transformation. Unexpectedly, these proteins interact directly with each other, and they have similar genomic binding profiles. Furthermore, while some of these common target sites coincide with those bound by LEF/TCF, the majority are located just downstream of transcription initiation sites at a position near paused RNA polymerase (Pol II) and the +1 nucleosome. Occupancy levels of these factors at these promoter-proximal sites are strongly correlated with the level of paused Pol II and transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi He
- Dept. Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United states of America
| | - Mingshi Gao
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United states of America
| | - Henry Pratt
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United states of America
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United states of America
| | - Kevin Struhl
- Dept. Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United states of America
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Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Impair Glioblastoma Cell Motility and Proliferation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081897. [PMID: 35454804 PMCID: PMC9027190 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered the deadliest brain tumor; with patients displaying a high incidence of relapse and a 3-year survival of only 3–5%. For these reasons, investigation of the molecular basis of the disease could provide novel targets for therapy and improve patient prognoses. Based on our previous data, demonstrating that high levels of the transcription factor TCF4 (TCF7L2) sustain the aggressiveness and the stem cell features of these tumors, in this study we tested the ability of the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI) Trichostatin-A and Vorinostat to suppress TCF4 levels. We demonstrated that HDI treatment impairs proliferation and viability of GBM cells. Moreover, molecular analysis of HDI effects disclosed their ability to counteract tumor cell motility by affecting the RhoA-GTPase and the interferon pathways, supporting their further characterization as potential anti-GBM agents. Abstract Despite being subjected to high-dose chemo and radiotherapy, glioblastoma (GBM) patients still encounter almost inevitable relapse, due to the capability of tumor cells to disseminate and invade normal brain tissues. Moreover, the presence of a cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation, already demonstrated to better resist and evade treatments, further frustrates potential therapeutic approaches. In this context, we previously demonstrated that GBM is characterized by a tightly-regulated balance between the β-catenin cofactors TCF1 and TCF4, with high levels of TCF4 responsible for sustaining CSC in these tumors; thus, supporting their aggressive features. Since histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI) have been reported to strongly reduce TCF4 levels in colon cancer cells, we hypothesized that they could also exert a similar therapeutic action in GBM. Here, we treated primary GBM cultures with Trichostatin-A and Vorinostat, demonstrating their ability to strongly suppress the Wnt-dependent pathways; thus, promoting CSC differentiation and concomitantly impairing GBM cell viability and proliferation. More interestingly, analysis of their molecular effects suggested a prominent HDI action against GBM cell motility/migration, which we demonstrated to rely on the inhibition of the RhoA-GTPase and interferon intracellular cascades. Our results suggest HDI as potential therapeutic agents in GBM, through their action on multiple cancer hallmarks.
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Crlz-1 Homozygous Null Knockout Mouse Embryos Are Lethally Stopped in Their Early Development. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030511. [PMID: 35328065 PMCID: PMC8951461 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the conditional gene knockout (KO) is a better choice for observing its phenotype in a specific cell, tissue, and/or organ, the simple null gene KO could nevertheless be attempted initially to scan its overall phenotypes at the level of the whole-body system, especially for a new gene such as Crlz-1. Therefore, with a hope to glean phenotypic clues for Crlz-1 at the whole-body system, we attempted to generate its null KO mice. Contrary to our original desire, Crlz-1 homozygous null KO mice were not born. However, in the chasing of their homozygous KO embryos, they were found to be lethally impaired from early development, remaining in a state of small globular mass without ever leading to a body shape, indicating the critical role of Crlz-1 as a Wnt target gene for the proliferation and/or differentiation of cells during early mouse embryonic development.
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Lou L, Kong S, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Wang H. Human Endometrial Organoids: Recent Research Progress and Potential Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844623. [PMID: 35242764 PMCID: PMC8885623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture cannot meet the demand of simulating physiological conditions in vivo, three-dimensional (3D) culture systems have been developed. To date, most of these systems have been applied for the culture of gastrointestinal and neural tissue. As for the female reproductive system, the culture of endometrial and oviductal tissues in Matrigel has also been performed, but there are still some problems that remain unsolved. This review highlights recent progress regarding endometrial organoids, focusing on the signal for organoid derivation and maintenance, the coculture of the epithelium and stroma, the drug screening using organoids from cancer patients, and provides a potential guideline for genome editing in endometrial organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Lou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuangbo Kong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yunyan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenbo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Wang Y, Wu C, Du Y, Li Z, Li M, Hou P, Shen Z, Chu S, Zheng J, Bai J. Expanding uncapped translation and emerging function of circular RNA in carcinomas and noncarcinomas. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:13. [PMID: 34996480 PMCID: PMC8740365 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are classified as noncoding RNAs because they are devoid of a 5' end cap and a 3' end poly (A) tail necessary for cap-dependent translation. However, increasing numbers of translated circRNAs identified through high-throughput RNA sequencing overlapping with polysome profiling indicate that this rule is being broken. CircRNAs can be translated in cap-independent mechanism, including IRES (internal ribosome entry site)-initiated pattern, MIRES (m6A internal ribosome entry site) -initiated patterns, and rolling translation mechanism (RCA). CircRNA-encoded proteins harbour diverse functions similar to or different from host proteins. In addition, they are linked to the modulation of human disease including carcinomas and noncarcinomas. CircRNA-related translatomics and proteomics have attracted increasing attention. This review discusses the progress and exclusive characteristics of circRNA translation and highlights the latest mechanisms and regulation of circRNA translatomics. Furthermore, we summarize the extensive functions and mechanisms of circRNA-derived proteins in human diseases, which contribute to a better understanding of intricate noncanonical circRNA translatomics and proteomics and their therapeutic potential in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Du
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minle Li
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pingfu Hou
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhigang Shen
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sufang Chu
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jin Bai
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 84 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Dietrich B, Haider S, Meinhardt G, Pollheimer J, Knöfler M. WNT and NOTCH signaling in human trophoblast development and differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:292. [PMID: 35562545 PMCID: PMC9106601 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Correct development of the human placenta and its differentiated epithelial cells, syncytial trophoblasts (STBs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), is crucial for a successful pregnancy outcome. STBs develop by cell fusion of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) in placental floating villi, whereas migratory EVTs originate from specialized villi anchoring to the maternal decidua. Defects in trophoblast differentiation have been associated with severe pregnancy disorders such as early-onset preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. However, the evolutionary pathways underlying normal and adverse placentation are poorly understood. Herein, we discuss Wingless (WNT) and NOTCH signaling, two pathways that play pivotal roles in human placenta and trophoblast development. Whereas WNT is necessary for expansion of trophoblast progenitors and stem cells, NOTCH1 is required for proliferation and survival of EVT precursors. Differentiation of the latter is orchestrated by a switch in NOTCH receptor expression as well as by changes in WNT ligands and their downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Dietrich
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Placental Development Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 5Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Haider
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Placental Development Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 5Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gudrun Meinhardt
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Placental Development Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 5Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Pollheimer
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Maternal-Fetal Immunology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 5Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Knöfler
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Placental Development Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Reproductive Biology Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 5Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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35
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Li TH, Zhao BB, Qin C, Wang YY, Li ZR, Cao HT, Yang XY, Zhou XT, Wang WB. IFIT1 modulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1425-1437. [PMID: 34791638 PMCID: PMC8648688 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previously, Interferon-induced Protein with Tetratricopeptide Repeats 1 (IFIT1) has been shown to promote cancer development. Here, we aimed to explore the role of IFIT1 in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer, including the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We explored IFIT1 expression in pancreatic cancer samples using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, scratch wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to assess the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of pancreatic cancer cells. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Western blotting were performed to assess the regulatory effect of IFIT1 on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. RESULTS We found that upregulation of IFIT1 expression is common in pancreatic cancer and is negatively associated with overall patient survival. Knockdown of IFIT1 expression led to decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. We also found that IFIT1 could regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and that a Wnt/β-catenin agonist could reverse this effect. In addition, we found that IFIT1 can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that IFIT1 increases pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, we found that EMT could be regulated by IFIT1. IFIT1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hao Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bang-Bo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Ru Li
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Tao Cao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Yang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Tong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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36
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Zhang J, Liu Q, He J, Li Y. Novel Therapeutic Targets in Liver Fibrosis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:766855. [PMID: 34805276 PMCID: PMC8602792 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.766855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is end-stage liver disease that can be rescued. If irritation continues due to viral infection, schistosomiasis and alcoholism, liver fibrosis can progress to liver cirrhosis and even cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration has not approved any drugs that act directly against liver fibrosis. The only treatments currently available are drugs that eliminate pathogenic factors, which show poor efficacy; and liver transplantation, which is expensive. This highlights the importance of clarifying the mechanism of liver fibrosis and searching for new treatments against it. This review summarizes how parenchymal, nonparenchymal cells, inflammatory cells and various processes (liver fibrosis, hepatic stellate cell activation, cell death and proliferation, deposition of extracellular matrix, cell metabolism, inflammation and epigenetics) contribute to liver fibrosis. We highlight discoveries of novel therapeutic targets, which may provide new insights into potential treatments for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinhan He
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
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37
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Luo M, Liu Q, Ye S, Liu S, Hu Y, Lv D, Wang G, Li M, Jian C, Huang B. RNA-seq of buffalo fibroblasts over-expressed pluripotent-related genes to investigate characteristics of its preliminarily reprogrammed stage. Res Vet Sci 2021; 144:164-174. [PMID: 34839950 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can enhance the efficiency of buffalo genetic improvements because of their differentiation potential and proliferation ability, which are similar to those of embryonic stem cells. However, very few studies have focussed on buffalo iPSCs, and a stable induction system has not been established for buffalo somatic cell reprogramming. In this study, we constructed a PiggyBac transposon vector co-expressing buffalo OCT4, C-MYC, KLF4 and SOX2 genes (PB_OMKS) separated by the nucleotide sequence of three 2A peptides and established the buffalo foetal skin fibroblast (BFSF) cell line BFSF_OMKS. RNA-seq technology and bioinformatics analysis methods were mainly employed to perform a transcriptome analysis between BFSF and BFSF_OMKS. The results revealed that over-expression of OCT4, C-MYC, KLF4 and SOX2 in BFSFs led to the activation of reprogramming-related LIF, activin, BMP4, SMAD1/5/9 and Wnt signals. These results increased our understanding of buffalo somatic cell reprogramming mechanisms and could provide a possible theory for the selection of small-molecule cocktails to promote reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Quanhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Danwei Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Mengmei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
| | - Chongdong Jian
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China.
| | - Ben Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
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38
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Chen S, Fang Y, Sun L, He R, He B, Zhang S. Long Non-Coding RNA: A Potential Strategy for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:762752. [PMID: 34778084 PMCID: PMC8578871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.762752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), being one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, endangers human health. Because the pathological mechanism of CRC is not fully understood, there are many challenges in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn great attention for their potential roles in the different stages of CRC formation, invasion, and progression, including regulation of molecular signaling pathways, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, tumor metabolism, immunological responses, cell cycle, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This review aims to discuss the potential mechanisms of several oncogenic lncRNAs, as well as several suppressor lncRNAs, in CRC occurrence and development to aid in the discovery of new methods for CRC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruonan He
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihui He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Wnt6 plays a complex role in maintaining human limbal stem/progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20948. [PMID: 34686698 PMCID: PMC8536737 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The corneal epithelium is consistently regenerated by limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs), a very small population of adult stem cells residing in the limbus. Several Wnt ligands, including Wnt6, are preferentially expressed in the limbus. To investigate the role of Wnt6 in regulating proliferation and maintenance of human LSCs in an in vitro LSC expansion setting, we generated NIH-3T3 feeder cells to overexpress different levels of Wnt6. Characterization of LSCs cultured on Wnt6 expressing 3T3 cells showed that high level of Wnt6 increased proliferation of LSCs. Medium and high levels of Wnt6 also increased the percentage of small cells (diameter ≤ 12 µm), a feature of the stem cell population. Additionally, the percentage of cells expressing the differentiation marker K12 was significantly reduced in the presence of medium and high Wnt6 levels. Although Wnt6 is mostly known as a canonical Wnt ligand, our data showed that canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways were activated in the Wnt6-supplemented LSC cultures, a finding suggesting that interrelationships between both pathways are required for LSC regulation.
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40
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Shen H, Liu B, Xu J, Zhang B, Wang Y, Shi L, Cai X. Circular RNAs: characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms and functions in liver cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:134. [PMID: 34461958 PMCID: PMC8407006 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Despite aggressive and multimodal treatment regimens, the overall survival of HCC patients remains poor. MAIN: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with covalently closed structures and tissue- or organ-specific expression patterns in eukaryotes. They are highly stable and have important biological functions, including acting as microRNA sponges, protein scaffolds, transcription regulators, translation templates and interacting with RNA-binding protein. Recent advances have indicated that circRNAs present abnormal expression in HCC tissues and that their dysregulation contributes to HCC initiation and progression. Furthermore, researchers have revealed that some circRNAs might serve as diagnostic biomarkers or drug targets in clinical settings. In this review, we systematically evaluate the characteristics, biogenesis, mechanisms and functions of circRNAs in HCC and further discuss the current shortcomings and potential directions of prospective studies on liver cancer-related circRNAs. CONCLUSION CircRNAs are a novel class of ncRNAs that play a significant role in HCC initiation and progression, but their internal mechanisms and clinical applications need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Boqiang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Liang Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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41
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Park MS, Yang AY, Lee JE, Kim SK, Roe JS, Park MS, Oh MJ, An HJ, Kim MY. GALNT3 suppresses lung cancer by inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and angiogenesis in a TNFR and c-MET pathway-dependent manner. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:294-307. [PMID: 34416337 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The deregulation of polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferases (GALNTs) contributes to several cancers, but their roles in lung cancer remain unclear. In this study, we have identified a tumor-suppressing role of GALNT3 in lung cancer. We found that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer development and progression in both xenograft and syngeneic mouse models. Specifically, GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer initiation by inhibiting the self-renewal of lung cancer cells. More importantly, GALNT3 attenuated lung cancer growth by preventing the creation of a favorable tumor microenvironment (TME), which was attributed to GALNT3's ability to inhibit myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration into tumor sites and subsequent angiogenesis. We also identified a GALNT3-regulated gene (GRG) signature and found that lung cancer patients whose tumors exhibit the GRG signature showed more favorable prognoses. Further investigation revealed that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer cell self-renewal by reducing β-catenin levels, which led to reduced expression of the downstream targets of the WNT pathway. In addition, GALNT3 inhibited MDSC infiltration into tumor sites by suppressing both the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways. Specifically, GALNT3 inhibited the nuclear localization of NFκB and the c-MET-induced phosphorylation of AKT. This then led to reduced production of CXCL1, a chemokine required for MDSC recruitment. Finally, we confirmed that the GALNT3-induced inhibition of the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways involved the O-GalNAcylation of the TNFR1 and cMET receptors. In summary, we have identified GALNT3 as the first GALNT member capable of suppressing lung cancer and uncovered a novel mechanism by which GALNT3 regulates the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi So Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Yeong Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Oh
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Ramakrishnan AB, Chen L, Burby PE, Cadigan KM. Wnt target enhancer regulation by a CDX/TCF transcription factor collective and a novel DNA motif. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:8625-8641. [PMID: 34358319 PMCID: PMC8421206 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation by Wnt signalling is primarily thought to be accomplished by a complex of β-catenin and TCF family transcription factors (TFs). Although numerous studies have suggested that additional TFs play roles in regulating Wnt target genes, their mechanisms of action have not been investigated in detail. We characterised a Wnt-responsive element (WRE) downstream of the Wnt target gene Axin2 and found that TCFs and Caudal type homeobox (CDX) proteins were required for its activation. Using a new separation-of-function TCF mutant, we found that WRE activity requires the formation of a TCF/CDX complex. Our systematic mutagenesis of this enhancer identified other sequences essential for activation by Wnt signalling, including several copies of a novel CAG DNA motif. Computational and experimental evidence indicates that the TCF/CDX/CAG mode of regulation is prevalent in multiple WREs. Put together, our results demonstrate the complex nature of cis- and trans- interactions required for signal-dependent enhancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisheng Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Peter E Burby
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Ken M Cadigan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Zablon HA, Ko CI, Puga A. Converging Roles of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Early Embryonic Development, Maintenance of Stemness, and Tissue Repair. Toxicol Sci 2021; 182:1-9. [PMID: 34009372 PMCID: PMC8285021 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor well-known for its adaptive role as a sensor of environmental toxicants and mediator of the metabolic detoxification of xenobiotic ligands. In addition, a growing body of experimental data has provided indisputable evidence that the AHR regulates critical functions of cell physiology and embryonic development. Recent studies have shown that the naïve AHR-that is, unliganded to xenobiotics but activated endogenously-has a crucial role in maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency, tissue repair, and regulation of cancer stem cell stemness. Depending on the cellular context, AHR silences the expression of pluripotency genes Oct4 and Nanog and potentiates differentiation, whereas curtailing cellular plasticity and stemness. In these processes, AHR-mediated contextual responses and outcomes are dictated by changes of interacting partners in signaling pathways, gene networks, and cell-type-specific genomic structures. In this review, we focus on AHR-mediated changes of genomic architecture as an emerging mechanism for the AHR to regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level. Collective evidence places this receptor as a physiological hub connecting multiple biological processes whose disruption impacts on embryonic development, tissue repair, and maintenance or loss of stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
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Ankawa R, Goldberger N, Yosefzon Y, Koren E, Yusupova M, Rosner D, Feldman A, Baror-Sebban S, Buganim Y, Simon DJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Fuchs Y. Apoptotic cells represent a dynamic stem cell niche governing proliferation and tissue regeneration. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1900-1916.e5. [PMID: 34197726 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) play a key role in homeostasis and repair. While many studies have focused on SC self-renewal and differentiation, little is known regarding the molecular mechanism regulating SC elimination and compensation upon loss. Here, we report that Caspase-9 deletion in hair follicle SCs (HFSCs) attenuates the apoptotic cascade, resulting in significant temporal delays. Surprisingly, Casp9-deficient HFSCs accumulate high levels of cleaved caspase-3 and are improperly cleared due to an essential caspase-3/caspase-9 feedforward loop. These SCs are retained in an apoptotic-engaged state, serving as mitogenic signaling centers by continuously releasing Wnt3 and instructing proliferation. Investigating the underlying mechanism, we reveal a caspase-3/Dusp8/p38 module responsible for Wnt3 induction, which operates in both normal and Casp9-deleted HFSCs. Notably, Casp9-deleted mice display accelerated wound repair and de novo hair follicle regeneration. Taken together, we demonstrate that apoptotic cells represent a dynamic SC niche, from which emanating signals drive SC proliferation and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Ankawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nitzan Goldberger
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yahav Yosefzon
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elle Koren
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marianna Yusupova
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Rosner
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alona Feldman
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shulamit Baror-Sebban
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Buganim
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Yaron Fuchs
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Zou M, BinEssa HA, Al-Malki YH, Al-Yahya S, Al-Alwan M, Al-Jammaz I, Khabar KSA, Almohanna F, Assiri AM, Meyer BF, Alzahrani AS, Al-Mohanna FA, Shi Y. β-Catenin Attenuation Inhibits Tumor Growth and Promotes Differentiation in a BRAF V600E-Driven Thyroid Cancer Animal Model. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1603-1613. [PMID: 34224366 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BRAFV600E mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). β-Catenin (Ctnnb1) is a key downstream component of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and is frequently overexpressed in PTC. BRAF V600E-driven tumors have been speculated to rely on Wnt/β-catenin signaling to sustain its growth, although many details remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of β-catenin in BrafV600E -driven thyroid cancer in a transgenic mouse model. In Braf V600E mice with wild-type (WT) Ctnnb1 (BVE-Ctnnb1WT or BVE), overexpression of β-catenin was observed in thyroid tumors. In Braf V600E mice with Ctnnb1 knockout (BVE-Ctnnb1null), thyroid tumor growth was slowed with significant reduction in papillary architecture. This was associated with increased expression of genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis, elevated 124iodine uptake, and serum T4. The survival of BVE-Ctnnb1null mice was increased by more than 50% during 14-month observation. Mechanistically, downregulation of MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and TGFβ pathways and loss of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were demonstrated in the BVE-Ctnnb1null tumors. Treatment with dual β-catenin/KDM4A inhibitor PKF118-310 dramatically improved the sensitivity of BVE-Ctnnb1WT tumor cells to BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4720, resulting in significant growth arrest and apoptosis in vitro, and tumor regression and differentiation in vivo These findings indicate that β-catenin signaling plays an important role in thyroid cancer growth and resistance to BRAFV600E inhibitors. Simultaneously targeting both Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK signaling pathways may achieve better therapeutic outcome in BRAFV600E inhibitor-resistant and/or radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Zou
- Department of Genetics and Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A BinEssa
- Department of Genetics and Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif H Al-Malki
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhad Al-Yahya
- Department of BioMolecular Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monther Al-Alwan
- Department of Stem Cell & Tissue Re-engineering, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Jammaz
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S A Khabar
- Department of BioMolecular Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Almohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics and Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan A Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics and Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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46
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Lu Y, Li Z, Lin C, Zhang J, Shen Z. Translation role of circRNAs in cancers. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23866. [PMID: 34097315 PMCID: PMC8275004 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a class of covalently closed RNA molecules. With the continuous advancement of high‐throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools, many circRNAs have been identified in various human tissues and cell lines. Notably, recent studies have indicated that some circRNAs have translational functions. Internal ribosome entry sites and the N6‐methyladenosine modification mediate cap‐independent translation. This review describes these two translation mechanisms and verification methods at the molecular level. Databases (including ORF Finder, Pfam, BLASTp, CircRNADb, CircBase, CircPro, CircCode, IRESite, IRESbase) were used to analyze whether circRNAs have the structural characteristic of translation. CircRNA minigene reporter system containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) confirmed the translation potential of circRNAs. Also, we briefly summarize the roles of proteins/peptides encoded by circRNAs (circFBXW7, circFNDC3B, circLgr4, circPPP1R12A, circMAPK1, circβ‐catenin, circGprc5a, circ‐SHPRH, circPINTexon2, circAKT3) that have been verified thus far in human cancers (triple‐negative breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, glioblastoma). Those findings suggest circRNAs have a great implication in translation of the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Lu
- Ningbo University School of MedicineNingboChina
| | - Zhe Li
- Ningbo University School of MedicineNingboChina
| | - Chen Lin
- Ningbo University School of MedicineNingboChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University SchoolNingboChina
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Li Huili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University SchoolNingboChina
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Chen X, Lu Y, Guo G, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Guo L, Li R, Nan Y, Yang X, Dong J, Jin X, Huang Q. AMOTL2‑knockdown promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma by regulating β‑catenin nuclear localization. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:139. [PMID: 34036399 PMCID: PMC8165599 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent type of malignant cancer in the adult central nervous system; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Angiomotin-like 2 (AMOTL2) is a member of the motin family of angiostatin-binding proteins. It has been reported as an oncogene in cervical and breast cancer, but its association with glioma remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate AMOTL2-regulated processes in glioma cell lines using extensive in vitro assays and certain bioinformatics tools. These results revealed that AMOTL2 was downregulated in high-grade glioma cells and tissues, with patients with glioma exhibiting a high AMOTL2 expression having a higher survival rate. The results of the glioma cell phenotype experiment showed that AMOTL2 suppressed GBM proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, immunoblotting, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that AMOTL2 could directly bind to β-catenin protein, the key molecule of the Wnt signaling pathway, and regulate its downstream genes by regulating β-catenin nuclear translocation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that AMOTL2 inhibited glioma proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating β-catenin nuclear localization. Thus, AMOTL2 may serve as a therapeutic target to further improve the prognosis and prolong survival time of patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Gaochao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Lianmei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Ruohong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Nan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xun Jin
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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48
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Saengwimol D, Chittavanich P, Laosillapacharoen N, Srimongkol A, Chaitankar V, Rojanaporn D, Aroonroch R, Suktitipat B, Saisawang C, Svasti S, Hongeng S, Kaewkhaw R. Silencing of the Long Noncoding RNA MYCNOS1 Suppresses Activity of MYCN-Amplified Retinoblastoma Without RB1 Mutation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:8. [PMID: 33270844 PMCID: PMC7718827 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MYCNOS (MYCN opposite strand) is co-amplified with MYCN in pediatric cancers, including retinoblastoma. MYCNOS encodes several RNA variants whose functions have not been elucidated in retinoblastoma. Thus, we attempted to identify MYCNOS variants in retinoblastoma and aimed to decipher the role of MYCNOS variant 1 (MYCNOS1) on the activity of MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma. Methods The profiles of MYCNOS variants and MYCN status were determined in 17 retinoblastoma tissues, cell lines, retinas, and retinal organoids. A functional study of MYCNOS1 expression was conducted in patient-derived tumor cells and in retinoblastoma cell lines via short hairpin RNA-mediated gene silencing. We carried out MYCN expression, cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, soft agar colony formation, and transwell assays to examine the role of MYCNOS1 in MYCN and cell behaviors. We analyzed a transcriptome of MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma cells deficient for MYCNOS1 and, finally, tested the responses of these cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Results Expression of MYCNOS1 was associated with the expression and copy number of MYCN. Knockdown of MYCNOS1 caused instability of the MYCN protein, leading to cell cycle arrest and impaired proliferation and chemotaxis-directed migration in MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma cells in which RB1 was intact. MYCNOS1 expression was associated with gene signatures of photoreceptor cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. MYCNOS1 silencing enhanced the response of retinoblastoma cells to topotecan but not carboplatin. Conclusions MYCNOS1 supports progression of retinoblastoma. Inhibition of MYCNOS1 expression may be necessary to suppress MYCN activity when treating MYCN-amplified cancers without RB1 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangporn Saengwimol
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pamorn Chittavanich
- Section of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natanan Laosillapacharoen
- Section of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atthapol Srimongkol
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vijender Chaitankar
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Duangnate Rojanaporn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rangsima Aroonroch
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Integrative Computational BioScience Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Saisawang
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rossukon Kaewkhaw
- Section of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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49
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Lee J, Mohsen A, Banerjee A, McCullough LD, Mizuguchi K, Shimaoka M, Kiyono H, Park EJ. Distinct Age-Specific miRegulome Profiling of Isolated Small and Large Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3544. [PMID: 33805523 PMCID: PMC8036635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium serves as a dynamic barrier to protect the host tissue from exposure to a myriad of inflammatory stimuli in the luminal environment. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) encompass differentiated and specialized cell types that are equipped with regulatory genes, which allow for sensing of the luminal environment. Potential inflammatory cues can instruct IECs to undergo a diverse set of phenotypic alterations. Aging is a primary risk factor for a variety of diseases; it is now well-documented that aging itself reduces the barrier function and turnover of the intestinal epithelium, resulting in pathogen translocation and immune priming with increased systemic inflammation. In this study, we aimed to provide an effective epigenetic and regulatory outlook that examines age-associated alterations in the intestines through the profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) on isolated mouse IECs. Our microarray analysis revealed that with aging, there is dysregulation of distinct clusters of miRNAs that was present to a greater degree in small IECs (22 miRNAs) compared to large IECs (three miRNAs). Further, miRNA-mRNA interaction network and pathway analyses indicated that aging differentially regulates key pathways between small IECs (e.g., toll-like receptor-related cascades) and large IECs (e.g., cell cycle, Notch signaling and small ubiquitin-related modifier pathway). Taken together, current findings suggest novel gene regulation pathways by epithelial miRNAs in aging within the gastrointestinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneyoung Lee
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (J.L.); (H.K.)
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.B.); (L.D.M.)
| | - Attayeb Mohsen
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; (A.M.); (K.M.)
| | - Anik Banerjee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.B.); (L.D.M.)
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (A.B.); (L.D.M.)
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan; (A.M.); (K.M.)
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (J.L.); (H.K.)
- Department of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Mucosal Immunology and Allergy Therapeutics, Institute for Global Prominent Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV), Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. MC 0063, San Diego, CA 92093-0063, USA
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; (J.L.); (H.K.)
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
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50
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Tiwari RL, Mishra P, Martin N, George NO, Sakk V, Soller K, Nalapareddy K, Nattamai K, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Florian MC, Geiger H. A Wnt5a-Cdc42 axis controls aging and rejuvenation of hair-follicle stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4778-4793. [PMID: 33629967 PMCID: PMC7950224 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Normal hair growth occurs in cycles, comprising growth (anagen), cessation (catagen) and rest (telogen). Upon aging, the initiation of anagen is significantly delayed, which results in impaired hair regeneration. Hair regeneration is driven by hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). We show here that aged HFSCs present with a decrease in canonical Wnt signaling and a shift towards non-canonical Wnt5a driven signaling which antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling. Elevated expression of Wnt5a in HFSCs upon aging results in elevated activity of the small RhoGTPase Cdc42 as well as a change in the spatial distribution of Cdc42 within HFSCs. Treatment of aged HFSC with a specific pharmacological inhibitor of Cdc42 activity termed CASIN to suppress the aging-associated elevated activity of Cdc42 restored canonical Wnt signaling in aged HFSCs. Treatment of aged mice in vivo with CASIN induced anagen onset and increased the percentage of anagen skin areas. Aging-associated functional deficits of HFSCs are at least in part intrinsic to HFSCs and can be restored by rational pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv L Tiwari
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Pratibha Mishra
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Nicola Martin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | | | - Vadim Sakk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Karin Soller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Kodandaramireddy Nalapareddy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kalpana Nattamai
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | | | | | - Hartmut Geiger
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
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