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Zhou L, Chang G, Shen C, Teng W, He X, Zhao X, Jing Y, Huang Z, Tong Y. Functional divergences of natural variations of TaNAM-A1 in controlling leaf senescence during wheat grain filling. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1242-1260. [PMID: 38656698 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an essential physiological process related to grain yield potential and nutritional quality. Green leaf duration (GLD) after anthesis directly reflects the leaf senescence process and exhibits large genotypic differences in common wheat; however, the underlying gene regulatory mechanism is still lacking. Here, we identified TaNAM-A1 as the causal gene of the major loci qGLD-6A for GLD during grain filling by map-based cloning. Transgenic assays and TILLING mutant analyses demonstrated that TaNAM-A1 played a critical role in regulating leaf senescence, and also affected spike length and grain size. Furthermore, the functional divergences among the three haplotypes of TaNAM-A1 were systematically evaluated. Wheat varieties with TaNAM-A1d (containing two mutations in the coding DNA sequence of TaNAM-A1) exhibited a longer GLD and superior yield-related traits compared to those with the wild type TaNAM-A1a. All three haplotypes were functional in activating the expression of genes involved in macromolecule degradation and mineral nutrient remobilization, with TaNAM-A1a showing the strongest activity and TaNAM-A1d the weakest. TaNAM-A1 also modulated the expression of the senescence-related transcription factors TaNAC-S-7A and TaNAC016-3A. TaNAC016-3A enhanced the transcriptional activation ability of TaNAM-A1a by protein-protein interaction, thereby promoting the senescence process. Our study offers new insights into the fine-tuning of the leaf functional period and grain yield formation for wheat breeding under various geographical climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guowei Chang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chuncai Shen
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wan Teng
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xue He
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanfu Jing
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhixiong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yiping Tong
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Cui G, Li Y, Zheng L, Smith C, Bevan MW, Li Y. The peptidase DA1 cleaves and destabilizes WUSCHEL to control shoot apical meristem size. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4627. [PMID: 38821962 PMCID: PMC11143343 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells in plants and animals are the source of new tissues and organs. In plants, stem cells are maintained in the central zone (CZ) of multicellular meristems, and large shoot meristems with an increased stem cell population hold promise for enhancing yield. The mobile homeodomain transcription factor WUSCHEL (WUS) is a central regulator of stem cell function in plant shoot meristems. Despite its central importance, the factors that directly modulate WUS protein stability have been a long-standing question. Here, we show that the peptidase DA1 physically interacts with and cleaves the WUS protein, leading to its destabilization. Furthermore, our results reveal that cytokinin signaling represses the level of DA1 protein in the shoot apical meristem, thereby increasing the accumulation of WUS protein. Consistent with these observations, loss of DA1 function results in larger shoot apical meristems with an increased stem cell population and also influences cytokinin-induced enlargement of shoot apical meristem. Collectively, our findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism by which the repression of DA1 by cytokinin signaling stabilizes WUS, resulting in the enlarged shoot apical meristems with the increased stem cell number during plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guicai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agriculture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leiying Zheng
- College of Advanced Agriculture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | - Yunhai Li
- Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Advanced Agriculture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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3
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Yu P, Gao Z, Hua Z. Contrasting Impacts of Ubiquitin Overexpression on Arabidopsis Growth and Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1485. [PMID: 38891294 PMCID: PMC11174952 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In plants, the ubiquitin (Ub)-26S proteasome system (UPS) regulates numerous biological functions by selectively targeting proteins for ubiquitylation and degradation. However, the regulation of Ub itself on plant growth and development remains unclear. To demonstrate a possible impact of Ub supply, as seen in animals and flies, we carefully analyzed the growth and developmental phenotypes of two different poly-Ub (UBQ) gene overexpression plants of Arabidopsis thaliana. One is transformed with hexa-6His-UBQ (designated 6HU), driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, while the other expresses hexa-6His-TEV-UBQ (designated 6HTU), driven by the endogenous promoter of UBQ10. We discovered that 6HU and 6HTU had contrasting seed yields. Compared to wildtype (WT), the former exhibited a reduced seed yield, while the latter showed an increased seed production that was attributed to enhanced growth vigor and an elevated silique number per plant. However, reduced seed sizes were common in both 6HU and 6HTU. Differences in the activity and size of the 26S proteasome assemblies in the two transgenic plants were also notable in comparison with WT, suggestive of a contributory role of UBQ expression in proteasome assembly and function. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that exogenous expression of recombinant Ub may optimize plant growth and development by influencing the UPS activities via structural variance, expression patterns, and abundance of free Ub supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Yu
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.Y.); (Z.G.)
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.Y.); (Z.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhihua Hua
- Department of Environmental and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (P.Y.); (Z.G.)
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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4
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Wang Y, Hu T, Li M, Yin X, Song L. Overexpression of the NbZFP1 encoding a C3HC4-type zinc finger protein enhances antiviral activity of Nicotiana benthamiana. Gene 2024; 908:148290. [PMID: 38367853 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Viral diseases are crucial determinants affecting tobacco cultivation, leading to a substantial annual decrease in production. Previous studies have demonstrated the regulatory function of the C3HC4 family of plant zinc finger proteins in combating bacterial diseases. However, it remains to be clarified whether this protein family also plays a role in regulating resistance against plant viruses. In this study, the successful cloning of the zinc finger protein coding gene NbZFP1 from Nicotiana benthamiana has been achieved. The full-length coding sequence of NbZFP1 is 576 bp. Further examination and analysis of this gene revealed its functional properties. The induction of NbZFP1 transcription in N. benthamiana has been observed in response to TMV, CMV, and PVY. Transgenic N. benthamiana plants over-expressing NbZFP1 demonstrated a notable augmentation in the production of chlorophyll a (P < 0.05). Moreover, NbZFP1-overexpressing tobacco exhibited significant resistance to TMV, CMV, and PVY, as evidenced by a decrease in virus copies (P < 0.05). In addition, the defense enzymes activities of PAL, POD, and CAT experienced a significant increase (P < 0.05). The up-regulated expression of genes of NbPAL, NbNPR1 and NbPR-1a, which play a crucial role in SA mediated defense, indicated that the NbZFP1 holds promise in enhancing the virus resistance of tobacco plant. Importantly, the results demonstrate that NbZFP1 can be considered as a viable candidate gene for the cultivation of crops with enhanced virus resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding(Guizhou), Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Minxue Li
- Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Shuicheng District, Liupanshui City 553040, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaodan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Karst Region Plant Resources Utilization & Breeding(Guizhou), Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; Guizhou Key Lab of Agro-Bioengineering, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
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Hou G, Wu G, Jiang H, Bai X, Chen Y. RNA-Seq Reveals That Multiple Pathways Are Involved in Tuber Expansion in Tiger Nuts ( Cyperus esculentus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5100. [PMID: 38791140 PMCID: PMC11121407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a usable tuber and edible oil plant. The size of the tubers is a key trait that determines the yield and the mechanical harvesting of tiger nut tubers. However, little is known about the anatomical and molecular mechanisms of tuber expansion in tiger nut plants. This study conducted anatomical and comprehensive transcriptomics analyses of tiger nut tubers at the following days after sowing: 40 d (S1); 50 d (S2); 60 d (S3); 70 d (S4); 90 d (S5); and 110 d (S6). The results showed that, at the initiation stage of a tiger nut tuber (S1), the primary thickening meristem (PTM) surrounded the periphery of the stele and was initially responsible for the proliferation of parenchyma cells of the cortex (before S1) and then the stele (S2-S3). The increase in cell size of the parenchyma cells occurred mainly from S1 to S3 in the cortex and from S3 to S4 in the stele. A total of 12,472 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were expressed to a greater extent in the S1-S3 phase than in S4-S6 phase. DEGs related to tuber expansion were involved in cell wall modification, vesicle transport, cell membrane components, cell division, the regulation of plant hormone levels, signal transduction, and metabolism. DEGs involved in the biosynthesis and the signaling of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were expressed highly in S1-S3. The endogenous changes in IAA and JAs during tuber development showed that the highest concentrations were found at S1 and S1-S3, respectively. In addition, several DEGs were related to brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and the G-protein, MAPK, and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways, suggesting that these signaling pathways have roles in the tuber expansion of tiger nut. Finally, we come to the conclusion that the cortex development preceding stele development in tiger nut tubers. The auxin signaling pathway promotes the division of cortical cells, while the jasmonic acid pathway, brassinosteroid signaling, G-protein pathway, MAPK pathway, and ubiquitin protein pathway regulate cell division and the expansion of the tuber cortex and stele. This finding will facilitate searches for genes that influence tuber expansion and the regulatory networks in developing tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshan Hou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (G.H.); (G.W.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guojiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (G.H.); (G.W.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Huawu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (G.H.); (G.W.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, China;
| | - Yaping Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (G.H.); (G.W.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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6
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Xu F, Dong H, Guo W, Le L, Jing Y, Fletcher JC, Sun J, Pu L. The trxG protein ULT1 regulates Arabidopsis organ size by interacting with TCP14/15 to antagonize the LIM peptidase DA1 for H3K4me3 on target genes. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100819. [PMID: 38217289 PMCID: PMC11009162 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Plant organ size is an important agronomic trait that makes a significant contribution to plant yield. Despite its central importance, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying organ size control remain to be fully clarified. Here, we report that the trithorax group protein ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) interacts with the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF14/15 (TCP14/15) transcription factors by antagonizing the LIN-11, ISL-1, and MEC-3 (LIM) peptidase DA1, thereby regulating organ size in Arabidopsis. Loss of ULT1 function significantly increases rosette leaf, petal, silique, and seed size, whereas overexpression of ULT1 results in reduced organ size. ULT1 associates with TCP14 and TCP15 to co-regulate cell size by affecting cellular endoreduplication. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ULT1 and TCP14/15 regulate common target genes involved in endoreduplication and leaf development. ULT1 can be recruited by TCP14/15 to promote lysine 4 of histone H3 trimethylation at target genes, activating their expression to determine final cell size. Furthermore, we found that ULT1 influences the interaction of DA1 and TCP14/15 and antagonizes the effect of DA1 on TCP14/15 degradation. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel epigenetic mechanism underlying the regulation of organ size in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixue Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weijun Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Le
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yexing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jennifer C Fletcher
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Li Pu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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7
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Zhang S, Hu N, Yu F. Insights into a functional model of key deubiquitinases UBP12/13 in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:424-430. [PMID: 38406992 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the complexities of protein ubiquitination is crucial, as it plays a multifaceted role in controlling protein stability, activity, subcellular localization, and interaction, which are central to diverse biological processes. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) serve to reverse ubiquitination, but research progress in plant DUBs is noticeably limited. Among existing studies, UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 12 (UBP12) and UBP13 have garnered attention for their extensive role in diverse biological processes in plants. This review systematically summarizes the recent advancements in UBP12/13 studies, emphasizing their function, and their substrate specificity, their relationship with E3 ubiquitin ligases, and the similarities and differences with their mammalian orthologue, USP7. By unraveling the molecular mechanisms of UBP12/13, this review offers in-depth insights into the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in plants and aims to catalyze further explorations and comprehensive understanding in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ningning Hu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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8
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Wang R, Li Y, Xu S, Huang Q, Tu M, Zhu Y, Cen H, Dong J, Jiang L, Yao X. Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic basis for petal-size formation in rapeseed (Brassica napus) and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of BnFHY3 for petal-size reduction. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:373-387. [PMID: 38159103 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Petals in rapeseed (Brassica napus) serve multiple functions, including protection of reproductive organs, nutrient acquisition, and attraction of pollinators. However, they also cluster densely at the top, forming a thick layer that absorbs and reflects a considerable amount of photosynthetically active radiation. Breeding genotypes with large, small, or even petal-less varieties, requires knowledge of primary genes for allelic selection and manipulation. However, our current understanding of petal-size regulation is limited, and the lack of markers and pre-breeding materials hinders targeted petal-size breeding. Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study on petal size using 295 diverse accessions. We identified 20 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms and 236 genes associated with petal-size variation. Through a cross-analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data, we focused on 14 specific genes, from which molecular markers for diverging petal-size features can be developed. Leveraging CRISPR-Cas9 technology, we successfully generated a quadruple mutant of Far-Red Elongated Hypocotyl 3 (q-bnfhy3), which exhibited smaller petals compared to the wild type. Our study provides insights into the genetic basis of petal-size regulation in rapeseed and offers abundant potential molecular markers for breeding. The q-bnfhy3 mutant unveiled a novel role of FHY3 orthologues in regulating petal size in addition to previously reported functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisen Wang
- Jaixing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengxin Tu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Cen
- College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiangtan Yao
- Jaixing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, 314000, China
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9
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Shim KC, Luong NH, Tai TH, Lee GR, Ahn SN, Park I. T-DNA insertion mutants of Arabidopsis DA1 orthologous genes displayed altered plant height and yield-related traits in rice (O. Sativa L.). Genes Genomics 2024; 46:451-459. [PMID: 38436907 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Arabidopsis DA1 gene is a key player in the regulation of organ and seed development. To extend our understanding of its functional counterparts in rice, this study investigates the roles of orthologous genes, namely DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and the DA2 ortholog GW2, through the analysis of T-DNA insertion mutants. OBJECTIVE The aim of this research is to elucidate the impact of T-DNA insertions in DA1, HDR3, HDR3.1, and GW2 on agronomic traits in rice. By evaluating homozygous plants, we specifically focus on key parameters such as plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size. METHODS T-DNA insertion locations were validated using PCR, and subsequent analyses were conducted on homozygous plants. Agronomic traits, including plant height, tiller number, days to heading, and grain size, were assessed. Additionally, leaf senescence assays were performed under dark incubation conditions to gauge the impact of T-DNA insertions on this physiological aspect. RESULTS The study revealed distinctive phenotypic outcomes associated with T-DNA insertions in HDR3, HDR3.1, GW2, and DA1. Specifically, HDR3 and HDR3.1 mutants exhibited significantly reduced plant height and smaller grain size, while GW2 and DA1 mutants displayed a notable increase in both plant height and grain size compared to the wild type variety Dongjin. Leaf senescence assays further indicated delayed leaf senescence in hdr3.1 mutants, contrasting with slightly earlier leaf senescence observed in hdr3 mutants under dark incubation. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the pivotal roles of DA1 orthologous genes in rice, shedding light on their significance in regulating plant growth and development. The observed phenotypic variations highlight the potential of these genes as targets for crop improvement strategies, offering insights that could contribute to the enhancement of agronomic traits in rice and potentially other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Chan Shim
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
- USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Ngoc Ha Luong
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas H Tai
- USDA-ARS Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gyu-Ri Lee
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Nag Ahn
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Wei S, Yu Z, Du F, Cao F, Yang M, Liu C, Qi Z, Chen Q, Zou J, Wang J. Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Characterization of a Chromosome Segment Substitution Line Reveals the Regulatory Mechanism Controlling the Seed Weight in Soybean. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:908. [PMID: 38592937 PMCID: PMC10975824 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Soybean is the major global source of edible oils and vegetable proteins. Seed size and weight are crucial traits determining the soybean yield. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the seed weight and size is helpful for improving soybean genetic breeding. The molecular regulatory pathways controlling the seed weight and size were investigated in this study. The 100-seed weight, seed length, seed width, and seed weight per plant of a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) R217 increased compared with those of its recurrent parent 'Suinong14' (SN14). Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of R217 and SN14 were performed at the seed developmental stages S15 and S20. In total, 2643 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 208 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were detected at S15, and 1943 DEGs and 1248 DAPs were detected at S20. Furthermore, integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and cell wall biosynthesis and modification were potential pathways associated with seed weight and size control. Finally, 59 candidate genes that might control seed weight and size were identified. Among them, 25 genes were located on the substituted segments of R217. Two critical pathways controlling seed weight were uncovered in our work. These findings provided new insights into the seed weight-related regulatory network in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Heilongjiang Province Green Food Science Institute, Harbin 150028, China;
| | - Fangfang Du
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Fubin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Mingliang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Chunyan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhaoming Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Qingshan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jianan Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jinhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Smart Farm Technology and System, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (S.W.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.Q.)
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11
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Chen Y, Vermeersch M, Van Leene J, De Jaeger G, Li Y, Vanhaeren H. A dynamic ubiquitination balance of cell proliferation and endoreduplication regulators determines plant organ size. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj2570. [PMID: 38478622 PMCID: PMC10936951 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitination plays a crucial role throughout plant growth and development. The E3 ligase DA2 has been reported to activate the peptidase DA1 by ubiquitination, hereby limiting cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate DA2 remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that DA2 has a very high turnover and auto-ubiquitinates with K48-linkage polyubiquitin chains, which is counteracted by two deubiquitinating enzymes, UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 12 (UBP12) and UBP13. Unexpectedly, we found that auto-ubiquitination of DA2 does not influence its stability but determines its E3 ligase activity. We also demonstrate that impairing the protease activity of DA1 abolishes the growth-reducing effect of DA2. Last, we show that synthetic, constitutively activated DA1-ubiquitin fusion proteins overrule this complex balance of ubiquitination and deubiquitination and strongly restrict growth and promote endoreduplication. Our findings highlight a nonproteolytic function of K48-linked polyubiquitination and reveal a mechanism by which DA2 auto-ubiquitination levels, in concert with UBP12 and UBP13, precisely monitor the activity of DA1 and fine-tune plant organ size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mattias Vermeersch
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Leene
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hannes Vanhaeren
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Wan X, Wu Z, Sun D, Long L, Song Q, Gao C. Cytological characteristics of blueberry fruit development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:184. [PMID: 38475704 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04809-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Using the blueberry cultivar "Powderblue" after pollination, fruits at different developmental stages were collected for study. The transverse and longitudinal diameters, individual fruit weight, and fruit water content were measured during their development. Employing tissue sectioning and microscopy techniques, we systematically studied the morphological features and anatomical structures of the fruits and seeds at various developmental stages, aiming to elucidate the cytological patterns during blueberry fruit development. The results of our study revealed that the "Powderblue" blueberry fruit growth and development followed a double "S" curve. Mature "Powderblue" blueberries were blue-black in color, elliptical in shape, with five locules, an inferior ovary, and an average fruit weight of 1.73 ± 0.17 g, and a moisture content of 78.865 ± 0.9%. Blueberry fruit flesh cells were densely arranged with no apparent intercellular spaces, and mesocarp cells accounted for 52.06 ± 7.4% of fruit cells. In the early fruit development stages, the fruit flesh cells were rapidly dividing, significantly increasing in number but without greatly affecting the fruit's morphological characteristics. During the later stages of fruit development, the expansion of the fruit flesh cells became prominent, resulting in a noticeable increase in the fruit's dimensions. Except for the epidermal cells, cells in all fruit tissues showed varying degrees of rupture as fruit development progressed, with the extent of cell rupture increasing, becoming increasingly apparent as the fruit gradually softened. Additionally, numerous brachysclereids (stone cells) appeared in the fruit flesh cells. Stone cells are mostly present individually in the fruit flesh tissue, while in the placental tissue, they often group together. The "Powderblue" blueberry seeds were light brown, 4.13 ± 0.42 mm long, 2.2 ± 0.14 mm wide, with each fruit containing 50-60 seeds. The "Powderblue" seeds mainly consisted of the seed coat, endosperm, and embryo. The embryo was located at the chalazal end in the center of the endosperm and was spatially separated. The endosperm, occupying the vast majority of the seed volume, comprised both the chalazal and outer endosperm, and the endosperm developed and matured before the embryo. As the seed developed, the seed coat was gradually lignified and consisted of palisade-like stone cells externally and epidermal layer cells internally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqin Wan
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zewei Wu
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dongchan Sun
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Li Long
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qiling Song
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Key laboratory of forest cultivation in plateau mountain of Guizhou province, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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13
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Feng H, Tan J, Deng Z. Decoding plant adaptation: deubiquitinating enzymes UBP12 and UBP13 in hormone signaling, light response, and developmental processes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:721-732. [PMID: 37904584 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination, a vital post-translational modification in plants, plays a significant role in regulating protein activity, localization, and stability. This process occurs through a complex enzyme cascade that involves E1, E2, and E3 enzymes, leading to the covalent attachment of ubiquitin molecules to substrate proteins. Conversely, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) work in opposition to this process by removing ubiquitin moieties. Despite extensive research on ubiquitination in plants, our understanding of the function of DUBs is still emerging. UBP12 and UBP13, two plant DUBs, have received much attention recently and are shown to play pivotal roles in hormone signaling, light perception, photoperiod responses, leaf development, senescence, and epigenetic transcriptional regulation. This review summarizes current knowledge of these two enzymes, highlighting the central role of deubiquitination in regulating the abundance and activity of critical regulators such as receptor kinases and transcription factors during phytohormone and developmental signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqian Feng
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Jinjuan Tan
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Zhiping Deng
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
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14
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Schneider M, Van Bel M, Inzé D, Baekelandt A. Leaf growth - complex regulation of a seemingly simple process. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1018-1051. [PMID: 38012838 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the underlying mechanisms of plant development is crucial to successfully steer or manipulate plant growth in a targeted manner. Leaves, the primary sites of photosynthesis, are vital organs for many plant species, and leaf growth is controlled by a tight temporal and spatial regulatory network. In this review, we focus on the genetic networks governing leaf cell proliferation, one major contributor to final leaf size. First, we provide an overview of six regulator families of leaf growth in Arabidopsis: DA1, PEAPODs, KLU, GRFs, the SWI/SNF complexes, and DELLAs, together with their surrounding genetic networks. Next, we discuss their evolutionary conservation to highlight similarities and differences among species, because knowledge transfer between species remains a big challenge. Finally, we focus on the increase in knowledge of the interconnectedness between these genetic pathways, the function of the cell cycle machinery as their central convergence point, and other internal and environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Schneider
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michiel Van Bel
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Baekelandt
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Zhang Y, Bhat JA, Zhang Y, Yang S. Understanding the Molecular Regulatory Networks of Seed Size in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1441. [PMID: 38338719 PMCID: PMC10855573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean being a major cash crop provides half of the vegetable oil and a quarter of the plant proteins to the global population. Seed size traits are the most important agronomic traits determining the soybean yield. These are complex traits governed by polygenes with low heritability as well as are highly influenced by the environment as well as by genotype x environment interactions. Although, extensive efforts have been made to unravel the genetic basis and molecular mechanism of seed size in soybean. But most of these efforts were majorly limited to QTL identification, and only a few genes for seed size were isolated and their molecular mechanism was elucidated. Hence, elucidating the detailed molecular regulatory networks controlling seed size in soybeans has been an important area of research in soybeans from the past decades. This paper describes the current progress of genetic architecture, molecular mechanisms, and regulatory networks for seed sizes of soybeans. Additionally, the main problems and bottlenecks/challenges soybean researchers currently face in seed size research are also discussed. This review summarizes the comprehensive and systematic information to the soybean researchers regarding the molecular understanding of seed size in soybeans and will help future research work on seed size in soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | | | - Yaohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Suxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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16
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Guo X, Liang R, Lou S, Hou J, Chen L, Liang X, Feng X, Yao Y, Liu J, Liu H. Natural variation in the SVP contributes to the pleiotropic adaption of Arabidopsis thaliana across contrasted habitats. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:993-1003. [PMID: 37633338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Ruyun Liang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Shangling Lou
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jing Hou
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Liyang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yingjun Yao
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
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17
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Gu J, Chen J, Zhao C, Hong D. Mutating BnEOD1s via CRISPR-Cas9 increases the seed size and weight in Brassica napus. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:79. [PMID: 37954031 PMCID: PMC10632315 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Seed weight, which is highly correlated to seed size, is a critical agronomic trait that determines the yield of Brassica napus. However, there have been limited researches on the genes involved in regulating seed size. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ENHANCER OF DA1 (EOD1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase gene, has been identified as a significant negative regulator in controlling organ size, but the function of its homologs in rapeseed remains unknown. Only two homologous of EOD1, BnaEOD1.A04 and BnaEOD1.C04, have been found in B. napus and were mutated using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Three T-DNA-free lines, T2-157-1-C8, T2-390-2-B8, and T2-397-2-E2, were identified from the homozygous T2 mutant lines. The BnaEOD1.A04 showed a similar type of editing in these mutants, whereas the BnaEOD1.C04 in T2-397-2-E2 was only missing 26 amino acids, and the translation was not prematurely terminated, which was different from the other two mutants. In parallel, mutation of BnaEOD1s resulted in a noteworthy increase in both seed size and seed weight in the three editing lines. Additionally, there was a significant decline in the number of seeds per silique (SPS) and silique length (SL) in T2-157-1-C8 and T2-390-2-B8, but T2-397-2-E2 did not show any significant changes in the SPS and SL, possibly due to distinct types of editing in the three lines. The above results indicate the conserved function of EOD1 homologs and provides promising germplasm for breeding novel high-yield rapeseed varieties by improving seed size and thousand-seed weight. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01430-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, 432000 China
| | - Jiayin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Chenqi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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18
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Zhao Y, Lu K, Zhang W, Guo W, Chao E, Yang Q, Zhang H. PagDA1a and PagDA1b expression improves salt and drought resistance in transgenic poplar through regulating ion homeostasis and reactive oxygen species scavenging. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107898. [PMID: 37482028 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
DA1/DAR proteins play a crucial role in plant biomass production. However, their functions in woody plants in response to abiotic stress are still unknown. In this study, a total number of six PagDA1/DAR family genes were identified in the poplar genome, and the biological functions of PagDA1a and PagDA1b in the resistance to salt and drought stresses were investigated in transgenic poplar. PagDA1a and PagDA1b were ubiquitously expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, with predominant expression in roots, and were significantly induced by abiotic stress and ABA. Transgenic poplar overexpressing either PagDA1a or PagDA1b showed restrained growth but improved resistance to salt and drought stresses. Further ion content and antioxidant enzyme expression analyses exhibited that transgenic poplar accumulated less sodium (Na+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves, accompanied with increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT), and up-regulated transcription of SOD1, APX1, and CAT2. Our observations demonstrate that PagDA1a and PagDA1b improve salt and drought tolerance through ion homeostasis optimization and ROS scavenging ability enhancement in transgenic poplar, and both can be used for the future genetic breeding of new salt and drought tolerant tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Zhao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China; Zhaoyuan Shenghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, North of Beiyuanzhuang Village, Fushan County, Zhaoyuan, Shandong, 265400, China
| | - Kaifeng Lu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China; Zhaoyuan Shenghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, North of Beiyuanzhuang Village, Fushan County, Zhaoyuan, Shandong, 265400, China
| | - Weilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Taishan Academy of Forestry Sciences, Luohanya Road, Taian, Shandong, 27100, China
| | - Erkun Chao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China; College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuanxi Road, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, China
| | - Qingshan Yang
- Shandong Academy of Forestry, 42 Wenhua East Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China; College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, 57 Jingxuanxi Road, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, China; Zhaoyuan Shenghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, North of Beiyuanzhuang Village, Fushan County, Zhaoyuan, Shandong, 265400, China.
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19
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Gu B, Parkes T, Rabanal F, Smith C, Lu FH, McKenzie N, Dong H, Weigel D, Jones JDG, Cevik V, Bevan MW. The integrated LIM-peptidase domain of the CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 paired immune receptor detects changes in DA1 peptidase inhibitors in Arabidopsis. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:949-961.e5. [PMID: 37167970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
White blister rust, caused by the oomycete Albugo candida, is a widespread disease of Brassica crops. The Brassica relative Arabidopsis thaliana uses the paired immune receptor complex CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 to resist Albugo infection. The CHS3/DAR4 sensor NLR, which functions together with its partner, the helper NLR CSA1, carries an integrated domain (ID) with homology to DA1 peptidases. Using domain swaps with several DA1 homologs, we show that the LIM-peptidase domain of the family member CHS3/DAR4 functions as an integrated decoy for the family member DAR3, which interacts with and inhibits the peptidase activities of the three closely related peptidases DA1, DAR1, and DAR2. Albugo infection rapidly lowers DAR3 levels and activates DA1 peptidase activity, thereby promoting endoreduplication of host tissues to support pathogen growth. We propose that the paired immune receptor CSA1-CHS3/DAR4 detects the actions of a putative Albugo effector that reduces DAR3 levels, resulting in defense activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benguo Gu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Toby Parkes
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Fernando Rabanal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Smith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Fu-Hao Lu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Neil McKenzie
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Detlef Weigel
- Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck-Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
| | - Volkan Cevik
- The Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael W Bevan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
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20
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Fernández-Fernández ÁD, Stael S, Van Breusegem F. Mechanisms controlling plant proteases and their substrates. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1047-1058. [PMID: 36755073 PMCID: PMC10070405 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, proteolysis is emerging as an important field of study due to a growing understanding of the critical involvement of proteases in plant cell death, disease and development. Because proteases irreversibly modify the structure and function of their target substrates, proteolytic activities are stringently regulated at multiple levels. Most proteases are produced as dormant isoforms and only activated in specific conditions such as altered ion fluxes or by post-translational modifications. Some of the regulatory mechanisms initiating and modulating proteolytic activities are restricted in time and space, thereby ensuring precision activity, and minimizing unwanted side effects. Currently, the activation mechanisms and the substrates of only a few plant proteases have been studied in detail. Most studies focus on the role of proteases in pathogen perception and subsequent modulation of the plant reactions, including the hypersensitive response (HR). Proteases are also required for the maturation of coexpressed peptide hormones that lead essential processes within the immune response and development. Here, we review the known mechanisms for the activation of plant proteases, including post-translational modifications, together with the effects of proteinaceous inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Daniel Fernández-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon Stael
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Uppsala BioCenter, Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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21
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Viola IL, Alem AL, Jure RM, Gonzalez DH. Physiological Roles and Mechanisms of Action of Class I TCP Transcription Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065437. [PMID: 36982512 PMCID: PMC10049435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR 1 and 2 (TCP) proteins constitute a plant-specific transcription factors family exerting effects on multiple aspects of plant development, such as germination, embryogenesis, leaf and flower morphogenesis, and pollen development, through the recruitment of other factors and the modulation of different hormonal pathways. They are divided into two main classes, I and II. This review focuses on the function and regulation of class I TCP proteins (TCPs). We describe the role of class I TCPs in cell growth and proliferation and summarize recent progresses in understanding the function of class I TCPs in diverse developmental processes, defense, and abiotic stress responses. In addition, their function in redox signaling and the interplay between class I TCPs and proteins involved in immunity and transcriptional and posttranslational regulation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana L. Viola
- Correspondence: (I.L.V.); (D.H.G.); Tel.: +54-342-4511370 (ext. 5021) (I.L.V.)
| | | | | | - Daniel H. Gonzalez
- Correspondence: (I.L.V.); (D.H.G.); Tel.: +54-342-4511370 (ext. 5021) (I.L.V.)
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22
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Hong Y, Zhang M, Xu R. Genetic Localization and Homologous Genes Mining for Barley Grain Size. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054932. [PMID: 36902360 PMCID: PMC10003025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain size is an important agronomic trait determining barley yield and quality. An increasing number of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for grain size have been reported due to the improvement in genome sequencing and mapping. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning barley grain size is vital for producing elite cultivars and accelerating breeding processes. In this review, we summarize the achievements in the molecular mapping of barley grain size over the past two decades, highlighting the results of QTL linkage analysis and genome-wide association studies. We discuss the QTL hotspots and predict candidate genes in detail. Moreover, reported homologs that determine the seed size clustered into several signaling pathways in model plants are also listed, providing the theoretical basis for mining genetic resources and regulatory networks of barley grain size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rugen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Xiong E, Qu X, Li J, Liu H, Ma H, Zhang D, Chu S, Jiao Y. The soybean ubiquitin-proteasome system: Current knowledge and future perspective. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20281. [PMID: 36345561 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield has become a worldwide scientific problem in the world. Many studies have shown that ubiquitination plays a key role in stress response and yield formation. In the UniProtKB database, 2,429 ubiquitin-related proteins were predicted in soybean, however, <20 were studied. One key way to address this lack of progress in increasing soybean yield will be a deeper understanding of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in soybean. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge about soybean ubiquitin-related proteins and discussed the method of combining phenotype, mutant library, transgenic system, genomics, and proteomics approaches to facilitate the exploration of the soybean UPS. We also proposed the strategy of applying the UPS in soybean improvement based on related studies in model plants. Our review will be helpful for soybean scientists to learn current research progress of the soybean UPS and further lay a theoretical reference for the molecular improvement of soybean in future research by use of this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhui Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Xuelian Qu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural Univ., Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
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24
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Huang J, Chen Z, Lin J, Guan B, Chen J, Zhang Z, Chen F, Jiang L, Zheng J, Wang T, Chen H, Xie W, Huang S, Wang H, Huang Y, Huang R. gw2.1, a new allele of GW2, improves grain weight and grain yield in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 325:111495. [PMID: 36240912 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Grain weight is an important characteristic of grain shape and a key contributing factor to the grain yield in rice. Here, we report that gw2.1, a new allele of the Grain Width and Weight 2 (GW2) gene, regulates grain size and grain weight. A single nucleotide substitution in the coding sequence (CDS) of gw2.1 resulted in the change of glutamate to lysine (E128K) in GW2.1 protein. Complementation tests and GW2 overexpression experiments demonstrated that the missense mutation in gw2.1 was responsible for the phenotype of enlarged grain size in the mutant line jf42. The large grain trait of the near-isogenic line NIL-gw2.1 was found to result from increased cell proliferation during flower development. Meanwhile, NIL-gw2.1 was shown to increase grain yield without compromising the grain quality. The GW2 protein was localized to the cell nucleus and membrane, and interacted with CHB705, a subunit of the chromatin remodeling complex. Finally, the F1 hybrids from crosses of NIL-gw2.1 with 7 cytoplasmic male-sterile lines exhibited large grains and desirable grain appearance. Thus, gw2.1 is a promising allele that could be applied to improve grain yield and grain appearance in rice. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS: The datasets generated and/or analyzed in the study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Binbin Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jinwen Chen
- Quanzhou Agricultural Science Institute, Quanzhou 362212, China
| | - Zesen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fangyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liangrong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingsheng Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tiansheng Wang
- Quanzhou Agricultural Science Institute, Quanzhou 362212, China
| | - Huiqing Chen
- Quanzhou Agricultural Science Institute, Quanzhou 362212, China
| | - Wangyou Xie
- Quanzhou Agricultural Science Institute, Quanzhou 362212, China
| | - Senhao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Houcong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yumin Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongyu Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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25
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Al‐Saharin R, Mooney S, Dissmeyer N, Hellmann H. Using CRL3 BPM E3 ligase substrate recognition sites as tools to impact plant development and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e474. [PMID: 36545004 PMCID: PMC9763634 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cullin-based RING E3 ligases that use BTB/POZ-MATH (BPM) proteins as substrate receptors have been established over the last decade as critical regulators in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. As such they affect general aspects of shoot and root development, flowering time, embryo development, and different abiotic stress responses, such as heat, drought and salt stress. To generate tools that can help to understand the role of CRL3BPM E3 ligases in plants, we developed a novel system using two conserved protein-binding motifs from BPM substrates to transiently block CRL3BPM activity. The work investigates in vitro and in planta this novel approach, and shows that it can affect stress tolerance in plants as well as developmental aspects. It thereby can serve as a new tool for studying this E3 ligase in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Al‐Saharin
- Washington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
- Tafila Technical UniversityTafilaJordan
| | | | - Nico Dissmeyer
- Department of Plant Physiology and Protein Metabolism LabUniversity of OsnabruckOsnabruckGermany
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26
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Modulation of receptor-like transmembrane kinase 1 nuclear localization by DA1 peptidases in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205757119. [PMID: 36161927 PMCID: PMC9546594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205757119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Signals are often perceived by proteins in one cellular location and transduced to other locations such as the nucleus. Signaling proteins can be cleaved by peptidases to facilitate this movement, but the peptidases involved in this are poorly understood despite their widespread role. We describe a role for the ubiquitin-activated peptidase DA1 in cleaving the membrane-localized receptor-like kinase transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1) in Arabidopsis. TMK1 is phosphorylated in response to auxin and mediates several auxin responses including growth induction by cell expansion. DA1-mediated cleavage of TMK1 facilitates nuclear localization of its intracellular kinase domain to repress auxin-mediated gene expression, facilitating differential cell expansion during growth. These analyses establish a wider role for DA1 family activities in cell growth. The cleavage of intracellular domains of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) has an important functional role in the transduction of signals from the cell surface to the nucleus in many organisms. However, the peptidases that catalyze protein cleavage during signal transduction remain poorly understood despite their crucial roles in diverse signaling processes. Here, we report in the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana that members of the DA1 family of ubiquitin-regulated Zn metallopeptidases cleave the cytoplasmic kinase domain of transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1), releasing it for nuclear localization where it represses auxin-responsive cell growth during apical hook formation by phosphorylation and stabilization of the transcriptional repressors IAA32 and IAA34. Mutations in DA1 family members exhibited reduced apical hook formation, and DA1 family-mediated cleavage of TMK1 was promoted by auxin treatment. Expression of the DA1 family-generated intracellular kinase domain of TMK1 by an auxin-responsive promoter fully restored apical hook formation in a tmk1 mutant, establishing the function of DA1 family peptidase activities in TMK1-mediated differential cell growth and apical hook formation. DA1 family peptidase activity therefore modulates TMK1 kinase activity between a membrane location where it stimulates acid cell growth and initiates an auxin-dependent kinase cascade controlling cell proliferation in lateral roots and a nuclear localization where it represses auxin-mediated gene expression and growth.
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27
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Wu X, Cai X, Zhang B, Wu S, Wang R, Li N, Li Y, Sun Y, Tang W. ERECTA regulates seed size independently of its intracellular domain via MAPK-DA1-UBP15 signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3773-3789. [PMID: 35848951 PMCID: PMC9516062 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed size is determined by the coordinated growth of the embryo, endosperm, and integument. Growth of the integument is initiated by signal molecules released from the developing endosperm or embryo. Although recent studies have identified many components that regulate seed size by controlling integument growth, the upstream signals and the signal transduction pathway that activate these components after double fertilization are unclear. Here, we report that the receptor-like kinase ERECTA (ER) controls seed size by regulating outer integument cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Seeds from er mutants were smaller, while those from ER-overexpressing plants were larger, than those of control plants. Different from its role in regulating the development of other organs, ER regulates seed size via a novel mechanism that is independent of its intracellular domain. Our genetic and biochemical data show that a MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE (MAPK) signaling pathway comprising MAPK-KINASE 4/5, MAPK 3/6 (MPK3/6), DA1, and UBIQUITIN SPECIFIC PROTEASE 15 (UBP15) functions downstream of ER and modulates seed size. MPK3/6 phosphorylation inactivates and destabilizes DA1 to increase the abundance of UBP15, promoting outer integument cell proliferation and increasing seed size. Our study illustrates a nearly completed ER-mediated signaling pathway that regulates seed size and will help uncover the mechanism that coordinates embryo, endosperm, and integument growth after double fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Baowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Ruiju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Author for correspondence: (Y.S.), (W.T.)
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28
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Park SH, Jeong JS, Zhou Y, Binte Mustafa NF, Chua NH. Deubiquitination of BES1 by UBP12/UBP13 promotes brassinosteroid signaling and plant growth. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100348. [PMID: 35706355 PMCID: PMC9483116 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As a key transcription factor in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, the activity and expression of BES1 (BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1) are stringently regulated. BES1 degradation is mediated by ubiquitin-related 26S proteasomal and autophagy pathways, which attenuate and terminate BR signaling; however, the opposing deubiquitinases (DUBs) are still unknown. Here, we showed that the ubp12-2w/13-3 double mutant phenocopies the BR-deficient dwarf mutant, suggesting that the two DUBs UBP12/UBP13 antagonize ubiquitin-mediated degradation to stabilize BES1. These two DUBs can trim tetraubiquitin with K46 and K63 linkages in vitro. UBP12/BES1 and UBP13/BES1 complexes are localized in both cytosol and nuclei. UBP12/13 can deubiquitinate polyubiquitinated BES1 in vitro and in planta, and UBP12 interacts with and deubiquitinates both inactive, phosphorylated BES1 and active, dephosphorylated BES1 in vivo. UBP12 overexpression in BES1OE plants significantly enhances cell elongation in hypocotyls and petioles and increases the ratio of leaf length to width compared with BES1OE or UBP12OE plants. Hypocotyl elongation and etiolation result from elevated BES1 levels because BES1 degradation is retarded by UBP12 in darkness or in light with BR. Protein degradation inhibitor experiments show that the majority of BES1 can be degraded by either the proteasomal or the autophagy pathway, but a minor BES1 fraction remains pathway specific. In conclusion, UBP12/UBP13 deubiquitinate BES1 to stabilize the latter as a positive regulator for BR responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Park
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Jin Seo Jeong
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Yu Zhou
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Nur Fatimah Binte Mustafa
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Nam-Hai Chua
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Singapore.
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29
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Karamat U, Yang R, Ren Y, Lu Y, Li N, Zhao J. Comprehensive In Silico Characterization and Expression Pro-Filing of DA1/DAR Family Genes in Brassica rapa. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091577. [PMID: 36140744 PMCID: PMC9498896 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The DA1/DAR family genes have been shown to play important roles in regulating organ size and plant biomass in the model plant Arabidopsis and several crops. However, this family has not been characterized in Brassica rapa (B. rapa). In this study, we identified 17 DA1&DAR genes from B. rapa. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these genes are classified into four groups. Structural and motif analysis of BrDA1&DARs discovered that the genes within the same group have similar exon-intron structures and share an equal number of conserved motifs except for BrDAR6.3 from group IV, which contains two conserved motifs. Cis-regulatory elements identified four phytohormones (Salicylic acid, Abscisic acid, Gibberellin, and auxin) and three major abiotic (Light, Low temperature, and drought) responsive elements. Further, six br-miRNAs named br-miR164a, br-miR164b, br-miR164c, br-miR164d, br-miRN360, and br-miRN366 were found which target BrDAR6.1, BrDA1.4, and BrDA1.5. BrDA1&DAR genes were highly expressed in stem, root, silique, flower, leaf, and callus tissues. Moreover, qRT-PCR analyses indicated that some of these genes were responsive to abiotic stresses or phytohormone treatments. Our findings provide a foundation for further genetic and physiological studies of BrDA1&DARs in B. rapa.
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30
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Varshney V, Majee M. Emerging roles of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in enhancing crop yield by optimizing seed agronomic traits. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1805-1826. [PMID: 35678849 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has the potential to modulate crop productivity by influencing agronomic traits. Being sessile, the plant often uses the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to maintain the stability of different regulatory proteins to survive in an ever-changing environment. The ubiquitin system influences plant reproduction, growth, development, responses to the environment, and processes that control critical agronomic traits. E3 ligases are the major players in this pathway, and they are responsible for recognizing and tagging the targets/substrates. Plants have a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases, whose functions have been studied extensively, ranging from plant growth to defense strategies. Here we summarize three agronomic traits influenced by ubiquitination: seed size and weight, seed germination, and accessory plant agronomic traits particularly panicle architecture, tillering in rice, and tassels branch number in maize. This review article highlights some recent progress on how the ubiquitin system influences the stability/modification of proteins that determine seed agronomic properties like size, weight, germination and filling, and ultimately agricultural productivity and quality. Further research into the molecular basis of the aforementioned processes might lead to the identification of genes that could be modified or selected for crop development. Likewise, we also propose advances and future perspectives in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Varshney
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Majee
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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31
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Tang X, Wang C, Chai G, Wang D, Xu H, Liu Y, He G, Liu S, Zhang Y, Kong Y, Li S, Lu M, Sederoff RR, Li Q, Zhou G. Ubiquitinated DA1 negatively regulates vascular cambium activity through modulating the stability of WOX4 in Populus. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3364-3382. [PMID: 35703939 PMCID: PMC9421475 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Activity of the vascular cambium gives rise to secondary xylem for wood formation in trees. The transcription factor WUSCHEL-related HOMEOBOX4 (WOX4) is a central regulator downstream of the hormone and peptide signaling pathways that maintain cambial activity. However, the genetic regulatory network underlying WOX4-mediated wood formation at the post-transcriptional level remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified the ubiquitin receptor PagDA1 in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa clone 84K) as a negative regulator of wood formation, which restricts cambial activity during secondary growth. Overexpression of PagDA1 in poplar resulted in a relatively reduced xylem due to decreased cambial cell division. By contrast, mutation of PagDA1 by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in an increased cambial cell activity and promoted xylem formation. Genetic analysis demonstrated that PagDA1 functions antagonistically in a common pathway as PagWOX4 to regulate cambial activity. We propose that PagDA1 physically associates with PagWOX4 and modulates the degradation of PagWOX4 by the 26S proteasome. Moreover, genetic analysis revealed that PagDA1 exerts its negative effect on cambial development by modulating the stability of PagWOX4 in a ubiquitin-dependent manner mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase PagDA2. In sum, we have identified a cambial regulatory protein complex, PagDA1-PagWOX4, as a potential target for wood biomass improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Congpeng Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Shengjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Shandong Institute of Energy Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ronald R Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North California 27695, USA
| | - Quanzi Li
- Author for correspondence: (Q.L.), (G.Z.)
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Gong P, Demuynck K, De Block J, Aesaert S, Coussens G, Pauwels L, Inzé D, Nelissen H. Modulation of the DA1 pathway in maize shows that translatability of information from Arabidopsis to crops is complex. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111295. [PMID: 35696903 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture is struggling to meet the increasing food, silage and raw material demands due to the rapid growth of population and climate change. In Arabidopsis, DA1 and DAR1 are proteases that negatively regulate cell proliferation and control organ size. DA1 and DAR1 are activated by ubiquitination catalyzed by the E3 ligase BIG BROTHER (BB). Here, we characterized the DA1, DAR1 and BB gene families in maize and analyzed whether perturbation of these genes regulates organ size similar to what was observed in Arabidopsis. We generated da1_dar1a_dar1b triple CRISPR maize mutants and bb1_bb2 double mutants. Detailed phenotypic analysis showed that the size of leaf, stem, cob, and seed was not consistently enlarged in these mutants. Also overexpression of a dominant-negative DA1R333K allele, resembling the da1-1 allele of Arabidopsis which has larger leaves and seeds, did not alter the maize phenotype. The mild negative effects on plant height of the DA1R333K_bb1_bb2 mutant indicate that the genes in the DA1 pathway may control organ size in maize, albeit less obvious than in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gong
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirin Demuynck
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Block
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Aesaert
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Coussens
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurens Pauwels
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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33
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Krizek BA. My favorite flowering image: 'giant' Arabidopsis flowers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3836-3839. [PMID: 35640150 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A fascinating aspect of floral diversity is the dramatic difference in flower size observed in nature. The largest flowers in the world, Rafflesia arnoldii, span several feet while flowers of the genus Wolffia are microscopic. My own particular interest in flower size started when I overexpressed the Arabidopsis gene AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) and observed a larger flower phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Krizek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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34
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The emerging roles of deubiquitinases in plant proteostasis. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:147-154. [PMID: 35678302 PMCID: PMC9400064 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Proper regulation of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for all organisms to survive. A diverse range of post-translational modifications (PTMs) allow precise control of protein abundance, function and cellular localisation. In eukaryotic cells, ubiquitination is a widespread, essential PTM that regulates most, if not all cellular processes. Ubiquitin is added to target proteins via a well-defined enzymatic cascade involving a range of conjugating enzymes and ligases, while its removal is catalysed by a class of enzymes known as deubiquitinases (DUBs). Many human diseases have now been linked to DUB dysfunction, demonstrating the importance of these enzymes in maintaining cellular function. These findings have led to a recent explosion in studying the structure, molecular mechanisms and physiology of DUBs in mammalian systems. Plant DUBs have however remained relatively understudied, with many DUBs identified but their substrates, binding partners and the cellular pathways they regulate only now beginning to emerge. This review focuses on the most recent findings in plant DUB biology, particularly on newly identified DUB substrates and how these offer clues to the wide-ranging roles that DUBs play in the cell. Furthermore, the future outlook on how new technologies in mammalian systems can accelerate the plant DUB field forward is discussed.
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35
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Smalley S, Hellmann H. Review: Exploring possible approaches using ubiquitylation and sumoylation pathways in modifying plant stress tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 319:111275. [PMID: 35487671 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin and similar proteins, such as SUMO, are utilized by plants to modify target proteins to rapidly change their stability and activity in cells. This review will provide an overview of these crucial protein interactions with a focus on ubiquitylation and sumoylation in plants and how they contribute to stress tolerance. The work will also explore possibilities to use these highly conserved pathways for novel approaches to generate more robust crop plants better fit to cope with abiotic and biotic stress situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Smalley
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States
| | - Hanjo Hellmann
- Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States.
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Huang L, Yang S, Wu L, Xin Y, Song J, Wang L, Pei W, Wu M, Yu J, Ma X, Hu S. Genome-Wide Analysis of the GW2-Like Genes in Gossypium and Functional Characterization of the Seed Size Effect of GhGW2-2D. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:860922. [PMID: 35330874 PMCID: PMC8940273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.860922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. Seed size is a vital trait for plants connected with yield and germination. GW2 encodes a RING_Ubox E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls seed development by affecting cell growth. Here, are few reports on GW2-like genes in cotton, and the function of GW2 in cotton is poorly understood. In the present study, a genome-wide analysis identified 6 and 3 GW2-like genes in each of the two cultivated tetraploids (Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense) and each of their diploid ancestral species (G. arboreum, G. raimondii), respectively. GhGW2-2D has the same functional domain and high sequence similarity with AtDA2 in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of GhGW2-2D in Arabidopsis significantly reduced seed and seedling size, suggesting GhGW2-2D is a potential target for regulating cotton seed size. These results provided information on the genetic and molecular basis of GW2-like genes in cotton, thus establishing a foundation for functional studies of cotton seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Xinjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shuxian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Luyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Jikun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Western Agriculture Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, China
| | - Man Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Jiwen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shoulin Hu
- College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Xinjiang, China
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Gao X, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Du H, Yin J, Cai G, Wang R, Zhang B, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Huang J. The phosphoproteomic and interactomic landscape of qGL3/OsPPKL1-mediated brassinosteroid signaling in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1048-1063. [PMID: 34839552 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oryza sativa L. (rice) is one of the most important crops in the world, and grain size is a major component determining rice yield. Recent studies have identified a number of grain size regulators, which are involved in phytohormone signaling, G protein signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway or transcriptional regulation. In a previous study, we cloned qGL3/OsPPKL1 encoding a rice protein phosphatase that negatively modulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and grain length. Here, to further explore the qGL3-mediated BR signaling network, we performed phosphoproteomic screenings using two pairs of rice materials: the indica rice cultivar 9311 and its near-isogenic line NILqgl3 and the japonica rice cultivar Dongjin and its qGL3 knockout mutant m-qgl3. Together with qGL3-interacting proteins, we constructed the qGL3-mediated network, which reveals the relationships between BR signaling and other critical signaling pathways. Transgenic plants of these network components showed BR-related alterations in plant architecture. From this network, we validated a qGL3-interacting protein, O. sativa VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 1 (OsVIL1), and demonstrated that qGL3 dephosphorylates OsVIL1 to modulate BR signaling. The qGL3-dependent network uncovered in this study increases our understanding of BR signaling and provides a profound foundation for addressing how BR modulates plant architecture in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Baoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Wu Q, Liu Y, Huang J. CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Mutation in OsPUB43 Improves Grain Length and Weight in Rice by Promoting Cell Proliferation in Spikelet Hull. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042347. [PMID: 35216463 PMCID: PMC8877319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Grain weight, a crucial trait that determines the grain yield in rice, is influenced by grain size. Although a series of regulators that control grain size have been identified in rice, the mechanisms underlying grain development are not yet well understood. In this study, we identified OsPUB43, a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, as an important negative regulator determining the gain size and grain weight in rice. Phenotypes of large grain are observed in ospub43 mutants, whereas overexpression of OsPUB43 results in short grains. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that OsPUB43 modulates the grain size mainly by inhibiting cell proliferation in the spikelet hull. The OsPUB43 protein is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The ospub43 mutants display high sensitivity to exogenous BR, while OsPUB43-OE lines are hyposensitive to BR. Furthermore, the transient transcriptional activity assay shows that OsBZR1 can activate the expression of OsPUB43. Collectively, our results indicate that OsPUB43 negatively controls the gain size by modulating the expression of BR-responsive genes as well as MADS-box genes that are required for lemma/palea specification, suggesting that OsPUB43 has a potential valuable application in the enlargement of grain size in rice.
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Qi H, Xia FN, Xiao S, Li J. TRAF proteins as key regulators of plant development and stress responses. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:431-448. [PMID: 34676666 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins are conserved in higher eukaryotes and play key roles in transducing cellular signals across different organelles. They are characterized by their C-terminal region (TRAF-C domain) containing seven to eight anti-parallel β-sheets, also known as the meprin and TRAF-C homology (MATH) domain. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made toward understanding the diverse roles of TRAF proteins in mammals and plants. Compared to other eukaryotic species, the Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa) genomes encode many more TRAF/MATH domain-containing proteins; these plant proteins cluster into five classes: TRAF/MATH-only, MATH-BPM, MATH-UBP (ubiquitin protease), Seven in absentia (SINA), and MATH-Filament and MATH-PEARLI-4 proteins, suggesting parallel evolution of TRAF proteins in plants. Increasing evidence now indicates that plant TRAF proteins form central signaling networks essential for multiple biological processes, such as vegetative and reproductive development, autophagosome formation, plant immunity, symbiosis, phytohormone signaling, and abiotic stress responses. Here, we summarize recent advances and highlight future prospects for understanding on the molecular mechanisms by which TRAF proteins act in plant development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fan-Nv Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shi Xiao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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40
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Yang Z, Chi Y, Cui Y, Wang Z, Hu D, Yang H, Bhat JA, Wang H, Kan G, Yu D, Huang F. Ectopic expression of GmRNF1a encoding a soybean E3 ubiquitin ligase affects Arabidopsis silique development and dehiscence. PLANTA 2022; 255:55. [PMID: 35106662 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION A soybean E3 ubiquitin ligase, GmRNF1a, may affect pod dehiscence and seed development through MADS family genes. These results would be useful for the study of soybean pod and seed development. Pod dehiscence is one of the critical causes of yield loss in cultivated soybeans, and it is of great significance to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying pod dehiscence in soybeans. In this study, we identified a new RING family member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, GmRNF1a, which was observed to interact with the MADS-box protein GmAGL1 to regulate siliques dehiscence. Tissue-specific gene expression analysis revealed that GmRNF1a was mainly expressed in flowers and pods in soybean. The subcellular localization assay showed the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of GmRNF1a. In addition, it was found that GmRNF1a exhibits higher promoter activity in soybean hairy roots as well as in Arabidopsis leaves, flowers, and siliques. Heterologous expression of GmRNF1a in Arabidopsis showed that the transgenic Arabidopsis siliques had a faster maturation rate and cracked earlier than the wild-type plants. The functional and nucleotide diversity analysis suggests that GmRNF1a might play an important role in pod maturation and dehiscence and has been strongly selected for during soybean domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingjun Chi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanmei Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dezhou Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Kan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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Gao Q, Zhang N, Wang WQ, Shen SY, Bai C, Song XJ. The ubiquitin-interacting motif-type ubiquitin receptor HDR3 interacts with and stabilizes the histone acetyltransferase GW6a to control the grain size in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:3331-3347. [PMID: 34323980 PMCID: PMC8505875 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
For grain crops such as rice (Oryza sativa), grain size substantially affects yield. The histone acetyltransferase GRAIN WEIGHT 6a (GW6a) determines grain size and yield in rice. However, the gene regulatory network underlying GW6a-mediated regulation of grain size has remained elusive. In this study, we show that GW6a interacts with HOMOLOG OF DA1 ON RICE CHROMOSOME 3 (HDR3), a ubiquitin-interacting motif-containing ubiquitin receptor. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing HDR3 produced larger grains, whereas HDR3 knockout lines produce smaller grains compared to the control. Cytological data suggest that HDR3 modulates grain size in a similar manner to GW6a, by altering cell proliferation in spikelet hulls. Mechanistically, HDR3 physically interacts with and stabilizes GW6a in an ubiquitin-dependent manner, delaying protein degradation by the 26S proteasome. The delay in GW6a degradation results in dramatic enhancement of the local acetylation of H3 and H4 histones. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that HDR3 and GW6a bind to the promoters of and modulate a common set of downstream genes. In addition, genetic analysis demonstrates that HDR3 functions in the same genetic pathway as GW6a to regulate the grain size. Therefore, we identified the grain size regulatory module HDR3-GW6a as a potential target for crop yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shao-Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Bai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian-Jun Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Author for correspondence:
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42
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Xiao W, Hu S, Zou X, Cai R, Liao R, Lin X, Yao R, Guo X. Lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 is a missing link in MAPK signaling-mediated yield control. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:303-320. [PMID: 34618128 PMCID: PMC8418426 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The energy allocation for vegetative and reproductive growth is regulated by developmental signals and environmental cues, which subsequently affects seed output. However, the molecular mechanism underlying how plants coordinate yield-related traits to control yield in changing source-sink relationships remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered the lectin receptor-like kinase LecRK-VIII.2 as a specific receptor-like kinase that coordinates silique number, seed size, and seed number to determine seed yield in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The lecrk-VIII.2 mutants develop smaller seeds, but more siliques and seeds, leading to increased yield. In contrast, the plants overexpressing LecRK-VIII.2 form bigger seeds, but less siliques and seeds, which results in similar yield to that of wild-type plants. Interestingly, LecRK-VIII.2 promotes the growth of the rosette, root, and stem by coordinating the source-sink relationship. Additionally, LecRK-VIII.2 positively regulates cell expansion and proliferation in the seed coat, and maternally controls seed size. The genetic and biochemical analyses demonstrated that LecRK-VIII.2 acts upstream of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene MPK6 to regulate silique number, seed size, and seed number. Collectively, these findings uncover LecRK-VIII.2 as an upstream component of the MAPK signaling pathway to control yield-related traits and suggest its potential for crop improvement aimed at developing plants with stable yield, a robust root system, and improved lodging resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xiao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ruqiong Cai
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Rui Liao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxia Lin
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ruifeng Yao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xinhong Guo
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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43
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Guo X, He C, Cheng F, Zhong Y, Cheng X, Tao X. Dissection of Allelic Variation Underlying Floral and Fruit Traits in Flare Tree Peony ( Paeonia rockii) Using Association Mapping. Front Genet 2021; 12:664814. [PMID: 34456963 PMCID: PMC8385368 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.664814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic variation in floral quantitative traits, including the elements of flowers and fruits, is caused by extremely complex regulatory processes. In the genetic improvement of flare tree peony (Paeonia rockii), a unique ornamental and edible oil woody species in the genus Paeonia, a better understanding of the genetic composition of these complex traits related to flowers and fruits is needed. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 160 P. rockii accessions and conducted single-marker association analysis for 19 quantitative flower and fruit traits using 81 EST-SSR markers. The results showed that the population had a high phenotypic diversity (coefficients of variation, 11.87-110.64%) and a high level of genetic diversity (mean number of alleles, N A = 6.09). These accessions were divided into three subgroups by STRUCTURE analysis and a neighbor-joining tree. Furthermore, we also found a low level of linkage disequilibrium between these EST-SSRs and, by single-marker association analysis, identified 134 significant associations, including four flower traits with 11 EST-SSRs and 10 fruit traits with 32 EST-SSRs. Finally, based on the sequence alignment of the associated markers, P280, PS2, PS12, PS27, PS118, PS131, and PS145 may be considered potential loci to increase the yield of flare tree peony. These results laid the foundation for further analysis of the genetic structure of some key traits in P. rockii and had an obvious potential application value in marker-assisted selection breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyun Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Peony International Institute, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyun Cheng
- Beijing Guose Peony Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiwen Tao
- Beijing Guose Peony Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
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44
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Hao J, Wang D, Wu Y, Huang K, Duan P, Li N, Xu R, Zeng D, Dong G, Zhang B, Zhang L, Inzé D, Qian Q, Li Y. The GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 pathway controls grain size and weight in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1266-1280. [PMID: 33930509 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of seed size is a key strategy for improving crop yield and is also a basic biological question. However, the molecular mechanisms by which plants determine their seed size remain elusive. Here, we report that the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module controls grain width and weight in rice. WG1, which encodes a glutaredoxin protein, promotes grain growth by increasing cell proliferation. Interestingly, WG1 interacts with the transcription factor OsbZIP47 and represses its transcriptional activity by associating with the transcriptional co-repressor ASP1, indicating that WG1 may act as an adaptor protein to recruit the transcriptional co-repressor. In contrary, OsbZIP47 restricts grain growth by decreasing cell proliferation. Further studies reveal that the E3 ubiquitin ligase GW2 ubiquitinates WG1 and targets it for degradation. Genetic analyses confirm that GW2, WG1, and OsbZIP47 function in a common pathway to control grain growth. Taken together, our findings reveal a genetic and molecular framework for the control of grain size and weight by the GW2-WG1-OsbZIP47 regulatory module, providing new targets for improving seed size and weight in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yingbao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Penggen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Baolan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yunhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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45
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Krizek BA, Bantle AT, Heflin JM, Han H, Freese NH, Loraine AE. AINTEGUMENTA and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 directly regulate floral homeotic, growth, and vascular development genes in young Arabidopsis flowers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5478-5493. [PMID: 34013313 PMCID: PMC8318262 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis flower primordia give rise to organ primordia in stereotypical positions within four concentric whorls. Floral organ primordia in each whorl undergo distinct developmental programs to become one of four organ types (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels). The Arabidopsis transcription factors AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 (AIL6) are required for correct positioning of floral organ initiation, contribute to the specification of floral organ identity, and regulate the growth and morphogenesis of developing floral organs. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms by which ANT and AIL6 contribute to floral organogenesis, we identified the genome-wide binding sites of both ANT and AIL6 in stage 3 flower primordia, the developmental stage at which sepal primordia become visible and class B and C floral homeotic genes are first expressed. AIL6 binds to a subset of ANT sites, suggesting that AIL6 regulates some but not all of the same target genes as ANT. ANT- and AIL6-binding sites are associated with genes involved in many biological processes related to meristem and flower organ development. Comparison of genes associated with both ANT and AIL6 ChIP-Seq peaks and those differentially expressed after perturbation of ANT and/or AIL6 activity identified likely direct targets of ANT and AIL6 regulation. These include class B and C floral homeotic genes, growth regulatory genes, and genes involved in vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A Krizek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexis T Bantle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jorman M Heflin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Han Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Nowlan H Freese
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Ann E Loraine
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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46
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Wang H, Kong F, Zhou C. From genes to networks: The genetic control of leaf development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1181-1196. [PMID: 33615731 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Substantial diversity exists for both the size and shape of the leaf, the main photosynthetic organ of flowering plants. The two major forms of leaf are simple leaves, in which the leaf blade is undivided, and compound leaves, which comprise several leaflets. Leaves form at the shoot apical meristem from a group of undifferentiated cells, which first establish polarity, then grow and differentiate. Each of these processes is controlled by a combination of transcriptional regulators, microRNAs and phytohormones. The present review documents recent advances in our understanding of how these various factors modulate the development of both simple leaves (focusing mainly on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana) and compound leaves (focusing mainly on the model legume species Medicago truncatula).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
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47
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Karamat U, Sun X, Li N, Zhao J. Genetic regulators of leaf size in Brassica crops. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:91. [PMID: 33931619 PMCID: PMC8087820 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Leaf size influences plant development and biomass and is also an important agricultural trait in Brassica crops, in which leaves are the main organ produced for consumption. Leaf size is determined by the coordinated regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development, and these processes are strictly controlled by various integrated signals from the intrinsic regulatory network and the growth environment. Understanding the molecular mechanism of leaf size control is a prerequisite for molecular breeding for crop improvement purposes. Although research on leaf size control is just beginning in Brassica, recent studies have identified several genes and QTLs that are important in leaf size regulation. These genes have been proposed to influence leaf growth through different pathways and mechanisms, including phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, transcription regulation, small RNAs, and others. In this review, we summarize the current findings regarding the genetic regulators of leaf size in Brassica and discuss future prospects for this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Karamat
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoxue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China.
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48
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Chen Y, Inzé D, Vanhaeren H. Post-translational modifications regulate the activity of the growth-restricting protease DA1. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3352-3366. [PMID: 33587751 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants are a primary food source and can form the basis for renewable energy resources. The final size of their organs is by far the most important trait to consider when seeking increased plant productivity. Being multicellular organisms, plant organ size is mainly determined by the coordination between cell proliferation and cell expansion. The protease DA1 limits the duration of cell proliferation and thereby restricts final organ size. Since its initial identification as a negative regulator of organ growth, various transcriptional regulators of DA1, but also interacting proteins, have been identified. These interactors include cleavage substrates of DA1, and also proteins that modulate the activity of DA1 through post-translational modifications, such as ubiquitination, deubiquitination, and phosphorylation. In addition, many players in the DA1 pathway display conserved phenotypes in other dicot and even monocot species. In this review, we provide a timely overview of the complex, but intriguing, molecular mechanisms that fine-tune the activity of DA1 and therefore final organ size. Moreover, we lay out a roadmap to identify and characterize substrates of proteases and frame the substrate cleavage events in their biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannes Vanhaeren
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
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49
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Zhou S, Yang T, Mao Y, Liu Y, Guo S, Wang R, Fangyue G, He L, Zhao B, Bai Q, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang D, Wang C, Wu Q, Yang Y, Liu Y, Tadege M, Chen J. The F-box protein MIO1/SLB1 regulates organ size and leaf movement in Medicago truncatula. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:2995-3011. [PMID: 33506247 PMCID: PMC8023213 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The size of leaf and seed organs, determined by the interplay of cell proliferation and expansion, is closely related to the final yield and quality of forage and crops. Yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying organ size modulation remain poorly understood, especially in legumes. Here, MINI ORGAN1 (MIO1), which encodes an F-box protein SMALL LEAF AND BUSHY1 (SLB1) recently reported to control lateral branching in Medicago truncatula, was identified as a key regulator of organ size. We show that loss-of-function of MIO1/SLB1 severely reduced organ size. Conversely, plants overexpressing MIO1/SLB1 had enlarged organs. Cellular analysis revealed that MIO1/SLB1 controlled organ size mainly by modulating primary cell proliferation during the early stages of leaf development. Biochemical analysis revealed that MIO1/SLB1 could form part of SKP1/Cullin/F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, to target BIG SEEDS1 (BS1), a repressor of primary cell division, for degradation. Interestingly, we found that MIO1/SLB1 also played a key role in pulvinus development and leaf movement by modulating cell proliferation of the pulvinus as leaves developed. Our study not only demonstrates a conserved role of MIO1/SLB1 in the control of organ size in legumes, but also sheds light on the novel function of MIO1/SLB1 in leaf movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianquan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yawen Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiqi Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoruo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Genwang Fangyue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baolin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Quanzi Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youhan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfa Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Million Tadege
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, USA
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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50
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Zhu X, Zhang S, Chen Y, Mou C, Huang Y, Liu X, Ji J, Yu J, Hao Q, Yang C, Cai M, Nguyen T, Song W, Wang P, Dong H, Liu S, Jiang L, Wan J. Decreased grain size1, a C3HC4-type RING protein, influences grain size in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:405-417. [PMID: 33387175 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We reported that DGS1 plays a positive role in regulating grain size in rice and was regulated by OsBZR1. Grain size is an important agronomic trait that contributes to grain yield. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that determine final grain size are still largely unknown. We isolated a rice mutant showing reduced grain size in a 60Co-irradiated variety Nanjing 35 population. We named the mutant decreased grain size1 (dgs1). Map-based cloning and subsequent transgenic CRISPR and complementation assays indicated that a mutation had occurred in LOC_Os03g49900 and that the DGS1 allele regulated grain size. DGS1 encodes a protein with a 7-transmembrane domain and C3HC4 type RING domain. It was widely expressed, especially in young tissues. DGS1 is a membrane-located protein. OsBZR1 (BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1), a core transcription activator of BR signaling, also plays a positive role in grain size. We provided preliminary evidence that OsBZR1 can bind to the DGS1 promoter to activate expression of DGS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shengzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changlin Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yunshuai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jingli Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiangfeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qixian Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Thanhliem Nguyen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Department of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Quynhon University, Quynhon, Binhdinh, 590000, Vietnam
| | - Weihan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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