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Stone BT, Antonoudiou P, Teboul E, Scarpa G, Weiss G, Maguire JL. Early life stress impairs VTA coordination of BLA network and behavioral states. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.16.558081. [PMID: 37745617 PMCID: PMC10516015 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.16.558081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Motivated behaviors, such as social interactions, are governed by the interplay between mesocorticolimbic structures, such as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Adverse childhood experiences and early life stress (ELS) can impact these networks and behaviors, which is associated with increased risk for psychiatric illnesses. While it is known that the VTA projects to both the BLA and mPFC, the influence of these inputs on local network activity which govern behavioral states - and whether ELS impacts VTA-mediated network communication - remains unknown. Our study demonstrates that VTA inputs influence BLA oscillations and mPFC activity, and that ELS weakens the ability of the VTA to coordinate BLA network states, likely due to ELS-induced impairments in dopamine signaling between the VTA and BLA. Consequently, ELS mice exhibit increased social avoidance, which can be recapitulated in control mice by inhibiting VTA-BLA communication. These data suggest that ELS impacts social reward via the VTA-BLA dopamine network.
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Wassum KM. Amygdala-cortical collaboration in reward learning and decision making. eLife 2022; 11:80926. [PMID: 36062909 PMCID: PMC9444241 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive reward-related decision making requires accurate prospective consideration of the specific outcome of each option and its current desirability. These mental simulations are informed by stored memories of the associative relationships that exist within an environment. In this review, I discuss recent investigations of the function of circuitry between the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and lateral (lOFC) and medial (mOFC) orbitofrontal cortex in the learning and use of associative reward memories. I draw conclusions from data collected using sophisticated behavioral approaches to diagnose the content of appetitive memory in combination with modern circuit dissection tools. I propose that, via their direct bidirectional connections, the BLA and OFC collaborate to help us encode detailed, outcome-specific, state-dependent reward memories and to use those memories to enable the predictions and inferences that support adaptive decision making. Whereas lOFC→BLA projections mediate the encoding of outcome-specific reward memories, mOFC→BLA projections regulate the ability to use these memories to inform reward pursuit decisions. BLA projections to lOFC and mOFC both contribute to using reward memories to guide decision making. The BLA→lOFC pathway mediates the ability to represent the identity of a specific predicted reward and the BLA→mOFC pathway facilitates understanding of the value of predicted events. Thus, I outline a neuronal circuit architecture for reward learning and decision making and provide new testable hypotheses as well as implications for both adaptive and maladaptive decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Wassum
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.,Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States.,Integrative Center for Addictive Disorders, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
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Li X, Chen LM, Kumar G, Zhang SJ, Zhong QH, Zhang HY, Gui G, Wu LL, Fan HZ, Sheng JW. Therapeutic Interventions of Gut-Brain Axis as Novel Strategies for Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder Associated Cognitive and Mood Dysfunction. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:820106. [PMID: 35185459 PMCID: PMC8847450 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.820106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) is characterized by persistent or intermittent alcohol cravings and compulsive drinking. The functional changes in the central nervous system (CNS) after alcohol consumption are alcohol-associated cognitive impairment and mood disorders, which are major health issues reported in AUDs. Studies have shown that transferring the intestinal microbiota from AUDs patients to germ-free animals causes learning and memory dysfunction, depression and anxiety-like behavior, indicating the vital role of intestinal microbiota in development of neuropsychiatric disorders in AUD. Intestinal flora composition of AUD patients are significantly different from normal people, suggesting that intestinal flora imbalance orchestrate the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in AUD. Studies suggests that gut microbiome links bidirectional signaling network of the enteric nervous system (ENS) to central nervous system (CNS), forming gut-microbe-brain axis (brain-gut axis). In this review, we discussed pathogenesis and possible treatment of AUD-induced cognitive deficits, anxiety, and depression disorders. Further, we described the mechanism of intestinal flora imbalance and dysfunction of hippocampus-amygdala-frontal cortex (gut-limbic circuit system dysfunction). Therefore, we postulate therapeutic interventions of gut-brain axis as novel strategies for treatment of AUD-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Zhangshu City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Le-Mei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Ganzhou Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gajendra Kumar
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan-Jin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan-hai Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guan Gui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lv-Le Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui-Zhen Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui-Zhen Fan,
| | - Jian-Wen Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Jiangxi, China
- Jian-Wen Sheng,
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Non-human contributions to personality neuroscience – from fish through primates. An introduction to the special issue. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 5:e11. [PMID: 36258777 PMCID: PMC9549393 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2022.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The most fundamental emotional systems that show trait control are evolutionarily old and extensively conserved. Psychology in general has benefited from non-human neuroscience and from the analytical simplicity of behaviour in those with simpler nervous systems. It has been argued that integration between personality, psychopathology, and neuroscience is particularly promising if we are to understand the neurobiology of human experience. Here, we provide some general arguments for a non-human approach being at least as productive in relation to personality, psychopathology, and their interface. Some early personality theories were directly linked to psychopathology (e.g., Eysenck, Panksepp, and Cloninger). They shared a common interest in brain systems that naturally led to the use of non-human data; behavioural, neural, and pharmacological. In Eysenck’s case, this also led to the selective breeding, at the Maudsley Institute, of emotionally reactive and non-reactive strains of rat as models of trait neuroticism or trait emotionality. Dimensional personality research and categorical approaches to clinical disorder then drifted apart from each other, from neuropsychology, and from non-human data. Recently, the conceptualizations of both healthy personality and psychopathology have moved towards a common hierarchical trait perspective. Indeed, the proposed two sets of trait dimensions appear similar and may even be eventually the same. We provide, here, an introduction to this special issue of Personality Neuroscience, where the authors provide overviews of detailed areas where non-human data inform human personality and its psychopathology or provide explicit models for translation to human neuroscience. Once all the papers in the issue have appeared, we will also provide a concluding summary of them.
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5
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Lutas A, Fernando K, Zhang SX, Sambangi A, Andermann ML. History-dependent dopamine release increases cAMP levels in most basal amygdala glutamatergic neurons to control learning. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Smith DM, Torregrossa MM. Valence encoding in the amygdala influences motivated behavior. Behav Brain Res 2021; 411:113370. [PMID: 34051230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala is critical for emotional processing and motivated behavior. Its role in these functions is due to its processing of the valence of environmental stimuli. The amygdala receives direct sensory input from sensory thalamus and cortical regions to integrate sensory information from the environment with aversive and/or appetitive outcomes. As many reviews have discussed the amygdala's role in threat processing and fear conditioning, this review will focus on how the amygdala encodes positive valence and the mechanisms that allow it to distinguish between stimuli of positive and negative valence. These findings are also extended to consider how valence encoding populations in the amygdala contribute to local and long-range circuits including those that integrate environmental cues and positive valence. Understanding the complexity of valence encoding in the amygdala is crucial as these mechanisms are implicated in a variety of disease states including anxiety disorders and substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Mary M Torregrossa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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He ABH, Huang CL, Kozłowska A, Chen JC, Wu CW, Huang ACW, Liu YQ. Involvement of neural substrates in reward and aversion to methamphetamine addiction: Testing the reward comparison hypothesis and the paradoxical effect hypothesis of abused drugs. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 166:107090. [PMID: 31521799 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies of drug addiction focus on the reward impact of abused drugs that produces compulsive drug-seeking behavior and drug dependence. However, a small amount of research has examined the opposite effect of aversion to abused drugs to balance the reward effect for drug taking. An aversive behavioral model of abused drugs in terms of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) was challenged by the reward comparison hypothesis (Grigson, 1997). To test the reward comparison hypothesis, the present study examined the rewarding or aversive neural substrates involved in methamphetamine-induced conditioned suppression. The behavioral data showed that methamphetamine induced conditioned suppression on conditioning and reacquisition but extinguished it on extinction. A higher level of stressful aversive corticosterone occurred on conditioning and reacquisition but not extinction. The c-Fos or p-ERK immunohistochemical activity showed that the cingulated cortex area 1 (Cg1), infralimbic cortex (IL), prelimbic cortex (PrL), basolateral amygdala (BLA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus were overexpressed in aversive CTA induced by methamphetamine. These data may indicate that the Cg1, IL, PrL, BLA, NAc, and DG probably mediated the paradoxical effect-reward and aversion. Altogether, our data conflicted with the reward comparison hypothesis, and methamphetamine may simultaneously induce the paradoxical effect of reward and aversion in the brain to support the paradoxical effect hypothesis of abused drugs. The present data implicate some insights for drug addiction in clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bo Han He
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
| | - Chung Lei Huang
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
| | - Anna Kozłowska
- Department of Human Physiology, School Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska Av, 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jun Chien Chen
- Department of Substance Abuse and Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital Beitou Branch, Taipei 11243, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Wu
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City 20148, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu Qin Liu
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan County 26247, Taiwan
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Acute But Not Chronic Calorie Restriction Defends against Stress-Related Anxiety and Despair in a GHS-R1a-Dependent Manner. Neuroscience 2019; 412:94-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Gowrishankar R, Bruchas MR. Defining circuit-specific roles for G protein-coupled receptors in aversive learning. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019; 26:146-156. [PMID: 32855999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The encoding of negative valence in response to noxious stimuli/experiences and in turn, the behavioral representation of negative affective states is essential for survival. Recent advances in neuroscience have determined multiple sites of neural plasticity and key circuits of connectivity across these regions in mediating aversive behavior. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), owing to their neuromodulatory role, are especially important to refining our understanding of the molecular substrates involved in these circuits. In this review, we will focus on recent, contemporary findings that explore neural circuit-specific roles for neurotransmitter/peptide GPCRs and the importance of using novel approaches to illuminate the molecular mechanisms central to aversive learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raajaram Gowrishankar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.,Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Correia SS, McGrath AG, Lee A, Graybiel AM, Goosens KA. Amygdala-ventral striatum circuit activation decreases long-term fear. eLife 2016; 5:e12669. [PMID: 27671733 PMCID: PMC5039029 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, activation of the ventral striatum, a region associated with reward processing, is associated with the extinction of fear, a goal in the treatment of fear-related disorders. This evidence suggests that extinction of aversive memories engages reward-related circuits, but a causal relationship between activity in a reward circuit and fear extinction has not been demonstrated. Here, we identify a basolateral amygdala (BLA)-ventral striatum (NAc) pathway that is activated by extinction training. Enhanced recruitment of this circuit during extinction learning, either by pairing reward with fear extinction training or by optogenetic stimulation of this circuit during fear extinction, reduces the return of fear that normally follows extinction training. Our findings thus identify a specific BLA-NAc reward circuit that can regulate the persistence of fear extinction and point toward a potential therapeutic target for disorders in which the return of fear following extinction therapy is an obstacle to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana S Correia
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Anna G McGrath
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Allison Lee
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ki A Goosens
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
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