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Protti-Sánchez F, Corrales Parada CD, Mayer U, Rowland HM. Activation of the Nucleus Taeniae of the Amygdala by Umami Taste in Domestic Chicks (Gallus gallus). Front Physiol 2022; 13:897931. [PMID: 35694389 PMCID: PMC9178096 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.897931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In chickens, the sense of taste plays an important role in detecting nutrients and choosing feed. The molecular mechanisms underlying the taste-sensing system of chickens are well studied, but the neural mechanisms underlying taste reactivity have received less attention. Here we report the short-term taste behaviour of chickens towards umami and bitter (quinine) taste solutions and the associated neural activity in the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala, nucleus accumbens and lateral septum. We found that chickens had more contact with and drank greater volumes of umami than bitter or a water control, and that chicks displayed increased head shaking in response to bitter compared to the other tastes. We found that there was a higher neural activity, measured as c-Fos activation, in response to umami taste in the right hemisphere of the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala. In the left hemisphere, there was a higher c-Fos activation of the nucleus taeniae of the amygdala in response to bitter than in the right hemisphere. Our findings provide clear evidence that chickens respond differently to umami and bitter tastes, that there is a lateralised response to tastes at the neural level, and reveals a new function of the avian nucleus taeniae of the amygdala as a region processing reward information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Protti-Sánchez
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Francesca Protti-Sánchez,
| | | | - Uwe Mayer
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
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Alejandro Borja GP, Alejandro Navarro E, Beatriz GC, Ignacio M, Milagros G. Accumbens and amygdala in taste recognition memory: The role of d1 dopamine receptors. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 174:107277. [PMID: 32707274 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The attenuation of taste neophobia (AN) is a good model for studying the structural and neurochemical mechanisms of the emotional component of memory because taste recognition memory exhibits the unique feature of being necessarily linked to hedonic properties. Whilst novel tastes elicit cautious neophobic responses, taste exposures which are not followed by aversive consequences attenuate neophobia as the taste becomes safe and palatable. Given the involvement of the nucleus accumbens in reward and of the amygdala in emotional memories, we applied c-Fos immunohistochemistry as an index of neural activity in Wistar rats that were exposed to a vinegar solution for one, two or six days. An inverse pattern of accumbens nucleus vs amygdala activity was found on the second exposure day on which AN occurred. The number of c-Fos positive cells in the nucleus accumbens shell increased whilst the number of c-Fos positive cells in the basolateral amygdala decreased. Further analyses revealed a positive correlation between AN and the number of c-Fos positive cells in the accumbens shell but a negative correlation in the basolateral amygdala. Furthermore the accumbens-amygdala interplay relevant for AN seems to be mediated by dopamine D1 receptors (D1DR). The injection of SCH23390 (D1DR antagonist) in both the accumbens shell and the basolateral amygdala on the second taste exposure resulted in selectively impaired AN but had opposite long term effects. This finding supports the relevance of a dopaminergic network mediated by D1DRs in the nucleus accumbens shell and basolateral amygdala which is critical for adding the emotional component during the formation of taste memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grau-Perales Alejandro Borja
- Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Expósito Alejandro Navarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Gómez-Chacón Beatriz
- Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Morón Ignacio
- Department of Psychobiology, Centre of Investigation of Mind and Behaviour (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Spain
| | - Gallo Milagros
- Department of Psychobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Spain
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Gowrishankar R, Bruchas MR. Defining circuit-specific roles for G protein-coupled receptors in aversive learning. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019; 26:146-156. [PMID: 32855999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The encoding of negative valence in response to noxious stimuli/experiences and in turn, the behavioral representation of negative affective states is essential for survival. Recent advances in neuroscience have determined multiple sites of neural plasticity and key circuits of connectivity across these regions in mediating aversive behavior. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), owing to their neuromodulatory role, are especially important to refining our understanding of the molecular substrates involved in these circuits. In this review, we will focus on recent, contemporary findings that explore neural circuit-specific roles for neurotransmitter/peptide GPCRs and the importance of using novel approaches to illuminate the molecular mechanisms central to aversive learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raajaram Gowrishankar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.,Department of Pharmacology, Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.,Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
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Nasehi M, Ostadi E, Khakpai F, Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Zarrindast MR. Synergistic effect between D-AP5 and muscimol in the nucleus accumbens shell on memory consolidation deficit in adult male Wistar rats: An isobologram analysis. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 141:134-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonists differentially mediate acquisition of fructose-conditioned flavor preference and quinine-conditioned flavor avoidance in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 123:239-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Differential role of insular cortex muscarinic and NMDA receptors in one-trial appetitive taste learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014; 116:112-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Neurotensin: revealing a novel neuromodulator circuit in the nucleus accumbens–parabrachial nucleus projection of the domestic chick. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:605-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gámiz F, Recio SA, Iliescu AF, Gallo M, de Brugada I. Effects of dietary choline availability on latent inhibition of flavor aversion learning. Nutr Neurosci 2014; 18:275-80. [PMID: 24840626 DOI: 10.1179/1476830514y.0000000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been previously reported that dietary choline supplementation might affect latent inhibition (LI) using a conditioned suppression procedure in rats. We have assessed the effect of dietary choline on LI of flavor aversion learning. METHOD Adult male Wistar rats received a choline supplemented (5 g/kg), deficient (0 g/kg), or standard (1.1 g/kg) diet for 3 months. After this supplementation period, all rats went through a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) procedure, half of them being pre-exposed to the conditioned stimulus before the conditioning. RESULTS The results indicated that choline deficiency prevents LI of conditioned flavor aversion to cider vinegar (3%) induced by a LiCl (0.15 M; 2% body weight) intraperitoneal injection, while choline supplementation enhances CTA leading to slower extinction. DISCUSSION The role of the brain systems modulating attentional processes is discussed.
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Suzuki E, Eda-Fujiwara H, Satoh R, Saito R, Miyamoto T. The effect of androgen on the retention of extinction memory after conditioned taste aversion in mice. J Physiol Sci 2013; 63:171-81. [PMID: 23539343 PMCID: PMC10717145 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-013-0258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) induced by the application of a novel taste such as sodium saccharin (Sac) as the conditioned stimulus (CS) and a malaise-inducing agent as the unconditioned stimulus (US), results in acquisition of CTA memory to Sac. In contrast, CTA is extinguished by repeated presentations of the CS without the US, resulting in acquisition of the extinction memory. We examined the effects of androgenic hormones on acquisition and retention of extinction memory in mice. We gonadectomized sexually immature mice and continuously administered androgens to these animals. After sexual maturation, the mice underwent a conditioning period followed by an extinction period. Retrieval tests revealed that the androgen-treated group showed significantly greater retention of extinction memory than the non-treated group 5 weeks later, whereas such significant difference was not observed in acquisition of extinction memory. These results demonstrate the enhancing effect of androgens on retention of extinction memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Suzuki
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Material and Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8472 Japan
| | - Hiroko Eda-Fujiwara
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8472 Japan
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
| | - Ryohei Satoh
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Rika Saito
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
| | - Takenori Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Division of Material and Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681 Japan
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Wichmann R, Fornari RV, Roozendaal B. Glucocorticoids interact with the noradrenergic arousal system in the nucleus accumbens shell to enhance memory consolidation of both appetitive and aversive taste learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2012; 98:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Adaikkan C, Rosenblum K. The role of protein phosphorylation in the gustatory cortex and amygdala during taste learning. Exp Neurobiol 2012; 21:37-51. [PMID: 22792024 PMCID: PMC3381211 DOI: 10.5607/en.2012.21.2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation form a major post-translation mechanism that enables a given cell to respond to ever-changing internal and external environments. Neurons, similarly to any other cells, use protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation to maintain an internal homeostasis, but they also use it for updating the state of synaptic and intrinsic properties, following activation by neurotransmitters and growth factors. In the present review we focus on the roles of several families of kinases, phosphatases, and other synaptic-plasticity-related proteins, which activate membrane receptors and various intracellular signals to promote transcription, translation and protein degradation, and to regulate the appropriate cellular proteomes required for taste memory acquisition, consolidation and maintenance. Attention is especially focused on the protein phosphorylation state in two forebrain areas that are necessary for taste-memory learning and retrieval: the insular cortex and the amygdala. The various temporal phases of taste learning require the activation of appropriate waves of biochemical signals. These include: extracellular signal regulated kinase I and II (ERKI/II) signal transduction pathways; Ca(2+)-dependent pathways; tyrosine kinase/phosphatase-dependent pathways; brain-derived neurotrophicfactor (BDNF)-dependent pathways; cAMP-responsive element bindingprotein (CREB); and translation-regulation factors, such as initiation and elongation factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Interestingly, coding of hedonic and aversive taste information in the forebrain requires activation of different signal transduction pathways.
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Núñez-Jaramillo L, Rangel-Hernández JA, Burgueño-Zúñiga B, Miranda MI. Activation of nucleus accumbens NMDA receptors differentially affects appetitive or aversive taste learning and memory. Front Behav Neurosci 2012; 6:13. [PMID: 22529783 PMCID: PMC3329885 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste memory depends on motivational and post-ingestional consequences; thus, it can be aversive (e.g., conditioned taste aversion, CTA) if a novel, palatable taste is paired with visceral malaise, or it can be appetitive if no intoxication appears after novel taste consumption, and a taste preference is developed.The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a role in hedonic reactivity to taste stimuli, and recent findings suggest that reward and aversion are differentially encoded by the activity of NAc neurons. The present study examined whether the requirement for N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the NAc core during rewarding appetitive taste learning differs from that during aversive taste conditioning, as well as during retrieval of appetitive vs. aversive taste memory, using the taste preference or CTA model, respectively. Bilateral infusions of NMDA (1 μg/μl, 0.5 μl) into the NAc core were performed before acquisition or before retrieval of taste preference or CTA. Activation of NMDA receptors before taste preference training or CTA acquisition did not alter memory formation. Furthermore, NMDA injections before aversive taste retrieval had no effect on taste memory; however, 24 h later, CTA extinction was significantly delayed. Also, NMDA injections, made before familiar appetitive memory retrieval, interrupted the development of taste preference and produced a preference delay 24 h later. These results suggest that memory formation for a novel taste produces neurochemical changes in the NAc core that have differential requirements for NMDA receptors during retrieval of appetitive or aversive memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Núñez-Jaramillo
- División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Quintana Roo, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
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Miranda MI, González-Cedillo FJ, Díaz-Muñoz M. Intracellular calcium chelation and pharmacological SERCA inhibition of Ca2+ pump in the insular cortex differentially affect taste aversive memory formation and retrieval. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2011; 96:192-8. [PMID: 21524709 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Variation in intracellular calcium concentration regulates the induction of long-term synaptic plasticity and is associated with a variety of memory/retrieval and learning paradigms. Accordingly, impaired calcium mobilization from internal deposits affects synaptic plasticity and cognition in the aged brain. During taste memory formation several proteins are modulated directly or indirectly by calcium, and recent evidence suggests the importance of calcium buffering and the role of intracellular calcium deposits during cognitive processes. Thus, the main goal of this research was to study the consequence of hampering changes in cytoplasmic calcium and inhibiting SERCA activity by BAPTA-AM and thapsigargin treatments, respectively, in the insular cortex during different stages of taste memory formation. Using conditioned taste aversion (CTA), we found differential effects of BAPTA-AM and thapsigargin infusions before and after gustatory stimulation, as well as during taste aversive memory consolidation; BAPTA-AM, but not thapsigargin, attenuates acquisition and/or consolidation of CTA, but neither compound affects taste aversive memory retrieval. These results point to the importance of intracellular calcium dynamics in the insular cortex during different stages of taste aversive memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Miranda
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 96230, México.
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Callaerts-Vegh Z, Hoyer D, Kelly PH. Selective effects of benzodiazepines on the acquisition of conditioned taste aversion compared to attenuation of neophobia in C57BL/6 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 206:389-401. [PMID: 19626313 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-009-1614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of pre-conditioning administration of anxiolytic benzodiazepines on the acquisition of a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and on the acquisition of attenuation of neophobia (AN) were investigated in C57BL/6 mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A CTA was induced by injecting lithium chloride (LiCl; 6 mEq x kg(-1)) 30 min after the animal had imbibed a novel 0.5% saccharin solution. In other animals, neophobia was attenuated by a single access to the novel 0.5% saccharin solution, followed only by injection of saline. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Pre-conditioning administration of chlordiazepoxide (CDZ; 6-24 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) and alprazolam (0.3-1 mg x kg(-1), p.o.) resulted in a CTA that did not differ initially from that observed in vehicle-treated controls, but which showed faster extinction. The acquisition of AN was impaired only after the higher doses of CDZ (12-24 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) or alprazolam (1 mg x kg(-1), i.p.). The results show that in this test, altered acquisition of an aversive CTA memory by anxiolytic benzodiazepines is reflected in more rapid extinction. Moreover, at low doses, these drugs showed selectivity for weakening CTA learning compared to AN learning. Evidence is discussed that selective weakening of aversive memory formation is a clinically relevant effect of anxiolytic benzodiazepines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Callaerts-Vegh
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Abstract
Taste is unique among sensory systems in its innate association with mechanisms of reward and aversion in addition to its recognition of quality, e.g., sucrose is sweet and preferable, and quinine is bitter and aversive. Taste information is sent to the reward system and feeding center via the prefrontal cortices such as the mediodorsal and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices in rodents and the orbitofrontal cortex in primates. The amygdala, which receives taste inputs, also influences reward and feeding. In terms of neuroactive substances, palatability is closely related to benzodiazepine derivatives and beta-endorphin, both of which facilitate consumption of food and fluid. The reward system contains the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum and finally sends information to the lateral hypothalamic area, the feeding center. The dopaminergic system originating from the ventral tegmental area mediates the motivation to consume palatable food. The actual ingestive behavior is promoted by the orexigenic neuropeptides from the hypothalamus. Even palatable food can become aversive and avoided as a consequence of a postingestional unpleasant experience such as malaise. The neural mechanisms of this conditioned taste aversion will also be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamamoto
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Yamamoto T. Neural substrates for the processing of cognitive and affective aspects of taste in the brain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69:243-55. [PMID: 17287579 DOI: 10.1679/aohc.69.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Taste is unique among the sensory systems in that, besides its recognition of quality, it is innately associated with hedonic aspects of reward and aversion. This review of the literature will show how taste information is conveyed through the central gustatory pathways to the cortical gustatory area and is processed in terms of qualitative and quantitative aspects. Taste information is also sent to the reward system and feeding center via several brain sites including the prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, and amygdala. The reward system contains the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, and ventral pallidum; it finally sends information to the lateral hypothalamic area, the feeding center. The dopamine system originating from the ventral tegmental area mediates the motivation to consume palatable food. The actual ingestive behavior is promoted by the orexigenic neuropeptides from the hypothalamus. In the last section, the neural substrate of learning and memory of taste is introduced and the biological mechanisms are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Japan.
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Yamamoto T. Brain Regions Responsible for the Expression of Conditioned Taste Aversion in Rats. Chem Senses 2006; 32:105-9. [PMID: 17110526 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjj045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is acquired when the ingestion of a food is followed by malaise. CTA is a kind of fear learning making animals avoid subsequent intake of the food and show aversive behavior to the taste of the food. To elucidate the brain regions responsible for the expression of CTA, our previous electrophysiological and recent c-fos immunohistochemical studies have been reviewed. Among a variety of brain regions including the parabrachial nucleus, amygdala, insular cortex, supramammillary nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and ventral pallidum that are involved in different phases of CTA expression, the enhanced taste sensitivity to facilitate detection of the conditioned stimulus may originate in the central nucleus of the amygdala and the hedonic shift, from positive to negative, may originate in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Ramírez-Lugo L, Núñez-Jaramillo L, Bermúdez-Rattoni F. Taste Memory Formation: Role of Nucleus Accumbens. Chem Senses 2006; 32:93-7. [PMID: 16914504 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjl023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When a novel taste has been associated with postingestive malaise, animals recognize this taste as aversive. This associative learning is known as conditioned taste aversion. However, when an animal consumes a novel taste and no aversive consequences follow, it becomes recognized as a safe signal, leading to an increase in its consumption in subsequent presentations. In this review, we will discuss the results related to the taste memory formation focusing particularly on the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). The NAcc keeps projections with amygdala, insular cortex, parabrachial nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract areas important for taste memory formation. We will review the evidence relating to how the NAcc could be involved in taste memory formation, due to its role in the taste memory trace formation and its role in the association of the conditioned stimulus-unconditioned stimulus, and finally the retrieval of taste memory. In this context, we will review the participation of the cholinergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic systems in the NAcc during taste memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Ramírez-Lugo
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiologia Celular, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 70-253, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico
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Fendt M, Schwienbacher I, Schnitzler HU. Carbachol injections into the nucleus accumbens induce 50kHz calls in rats. Neurosci Lett 2006; 401:10-5. [PMID: 16563619 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Revised: 02/22/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In rats, different types of vocalization can be observed. High frequency vocalizations (so called 50 kHz calls) are believed to indicate an appetitive state of the emitting animal. This is supported by studies demonstrating that infusions of the dopamine agonist amphetamine into the nucleus accumbens (NAC), a key structure for appetitive behaviors, induce 50 kHz calls. Several studies during the last years demonstrated that not only infusions of dopamine agonists such amphetamine but also infusions of acetylcholine receptor agonists into the NAC stimulate the appetitive system. In present study, we tested whether infusions of the unspecific cholinergic agonist carbachol into the NAC are able to induce 50 kHz calls. Indeed, we observed a high number of 50 kHz calls after intra-NAC infusions of carbachol. The main frequency of the these calls was between 40 and 70 kHz, and the duration was mainly between 10 and 50 ms. We hypothesize that acetylcholine transmission within the NAC plays an important role in the induction of those ultrasonic calls indicating an appetitive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Fendt
- Tierphysiologie, Zoologisches Institut, Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Akirav I, Khatsrinov V, Vouimba RM, Merhav M, Ferreira G, Rosenblum K, Maroun M. Extinction of conditioned taste aversion depends on functional protein synthesis but not on NMDA receptor activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Learn Mem 2006; 13:254-8. [PMID: 16741279 PMCID: PMC10807865 DOI: 10.1101/lm.191706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in extinction of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) by microinfusing a protein synthesis inhibitor or N-methyl-d-asparate (NMDA) receptors antagonist into the vmPFC immediately following a non-reinforced extinction session. We found that the protein synthesis blocker anisomycin, but not the NMDA receptors antagonist D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, impaired CTA extinction in the vmPFC. Anisomycin microinfusion into vmPFC had no effect on CTA acquisition and by itself did not induce CTA. These findings show the necessary role functional protein synthesis is playing in the vmPFC during the learning of CTA extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Akirav
- Department of Neurobiology and Ethology, The Brain and Behavior
Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science,
Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Vicktoria Khatsrinov
- Department of Neurobiology and Ethology, The Brain and Behavior
Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Rose-Marie Vouimba
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Université de
Bordeaux 1, Talence 33405, France
| | - Maayan Merhav
- Department of Neurobiology and Ethology, The Brain and Behavior
Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Guillaume Ferreira
- Laboratoire Comportement, Neurobiologie et Adaptation,
Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique—Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique—Université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, 37380
Nouzilly, France
| | - Kobi Rosenblum
- Department of Neurobiology and Ethology, The Brain and Behavior
Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Mouna Maroun
- Department of Neurobiology and Ethology, The Brain and Behavior
Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
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Yasoshima Y, Scott TR, Yamamoto T. Memory-dependent c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens and extended amygdala following the expression of a conditioned taste aversive in the rat. Neuroscience 2006; 141:35-45. [PMID: 16650612 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2005] [Revised: 03/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Retrieving the memory of a conditioned taste aversion involves multiple forebrain areas. Although the amygdala clearly plays a role in the expression of a conditioned taste aversion, critical regions, downstream from the amygdala remain to be defined. To this end, Fos immunoreactivity was used in the rat to explore forebrain structures associated with retrieval that have an anatomical relationship with the amygdala. The results showed that expression of a conditioned taste aversion to 0.5 M sucrose elicited neuronal activation in the nucleus accumbens and in a complex of structures collectively referred to as the extended amygdala. The posterior hypothalamus and parasubthalamic nucleus, which receive inputs from the extended amygdala, were also activated upon re-exposure to the sucrose conditioned stimulus. Fos immunoreactivity did not increase in these regions in response to an innately aversive tastant, quinine hydrochloride (conditioned stimulus control), nor to LiCl-induced visceral stimulation in unconditioned animals (unconditioned stimulus control). In addition, these regions did not respond to the sucrose conditioned stimulus in sham-conditioned animals. These results suggest that conditioned and innately aversive tastes are differentially processed in the forebrain circuitry that includes the nucleus accumbens and extended amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yasoshima
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
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