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Li W, Li F, Zhang X, Wu J, Yang G. Metallic Re 3O 2 with mixed-valence states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13300-13305. [PMID: 38639135 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00973h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Rhenium (Re) shows the richest valence states from +2 to +7 in compounds, but its mixed-valence states are still missing thus far. In this work, we have explored the Re-O phase diagram with a wide range of stoichiometric compositions under high pressure through first-principles structural search calculations. Besides identifying two novel high-pressure phases of ReO2 and ReO3, we reveal two hitherto unknown Re-rich Re3O2 and O-rich ReO4 compounds. Re atoms in Re3O2 show mixed-valence states due to their inequivalent coordination environments, the first example in Re-based compounds. Electronic structure calculations demonstrate that the four discovered Re-O phases exhibit metallicity contributed by Re 5d electrons. Among them, ReO3 has a predicted critical temperature of up to 12 K at 50 GPa, derived from the interaction between Re 5d electrons and Re-derived low-frequency phonons. Our study points to new opportunities to disclose novel transition metal compounds with mixed-valence states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
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2
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Kalal S, Nayak S, Sahoo S, Joshi R, Choudhary RJ, Rawat R, Gupta M. Electronic correlations in epitaxial CrN thin film. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15994. [PMID: 37749139 PMCID: PMC10519984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium nitride (CrN) spurred enormous interest due to its coupled magnetostructural and unique metal-insulator transition. The underneath electronic structure of CrN remains elusive. Herein, the electronic structure of epitaxial CrN thin film has been explored by employing resonant photoemission spectroscopy (RPES) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy study in combination with the first-principles calculations. The RPES study indicates the presence of a charge-transfer screened 3[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]: hole in the N-2[Formula: see text]) and 3[Formula: see text] final-states in the valence band regime. The combined experimental electronic structure along with the orbital resolved electronic density of states from the first-principles calculations reveals the presence of Cr(3[Formula: see text])-N(2[Formula: see text]) hybridized (3[Formula: see text]) states between lower Hubbard (3[Formula: see text]) and upper Hubbard (3[Formula: see text]) bands with onsite Coulomb repulsion energy (U) and charge-transfer energy ([Formula: see text]) estimated as [Formula: see text] 4.5 and 3.6 eV, respectively. It verifies the participation of ligand (N-2[Formula: see text]) states in low energy charge fluctuations and provides concrete evidence for the charge-transfer ([Formula: see text]U) insulating nature of CrN thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Kalal
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India
| | - Sanjay Nayak
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sophia Sahoo
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India
| | - Rajeev Joshi
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India
| | - Ram Janay Choudhary
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India
| | - Rajeev Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India
| | - Mukul Gupta
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452 001, India.
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3
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Rong H, Jia Y, Liu WW, Kumari Cheepurupalli K, English NJ, Zhang X, Bandaru S, Zhao L. Evaluation of DFT+U and HSE Frameworks for Strongly Correlated Iron Oxide. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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4
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Ahn HJ, Kment S, Naldoni A, Zbořil R, Schmuki P. Band gap and Morphology Engineering of Hematite Nanoflakes from an Ex Situ Sn Doping for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35109-35117. [PMID: 36211042 PMCID: PMC9535642 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report a simple ex situ Sn-doping method on hematite nanoflakes (coded as MSnO2-H) that can protect the nanoflake (NF) morphology against the 800 °C high-temperature annealing process and activate the photoresponse of hematite until 800 nm wavelength excitation. MSnO2-H has been fabricated by dropping SnCl4 ethanol solution on hematite nanoflakes homogeneously grown over the conductive FTO glass substrate and annealed at 500 °C to synthesize the SnO2 nanoparticles on hematite NFs. The Sn-treated samples were then placed in a furnace again, and the sintering process was conducted at 800 °C for 15 min. During this step, structure deformation of hematite occurs normally due to the grain boundary motion and oriented attachment. However, in the case of MSnO2-H, the outer SnO2 nanoparticles efficiently prevented a shape deformation and maintained the nanoflake shape owing to the encapsulation of hematite NFs. Furthermore, the interface of hematite/SnO2 nanoparticles became the spots for a heavy Sn ion doping. We demonstrated the generation of the newly localized states, resulting in an extension of the photoresponse of hematite until 800 nm wavelength light irradiation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SnO2 nanoparticles can effectively act as a passivation layer, which can reduce the onset potential of hematite for water splitting redox reactions. The optimized MSnO2-H nanostructures showed a 2.84 times higher photocurrent density and 300 mV reduced onset potential compared with a pristine hematite nanoflake photoanode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Ahn
- LSTME
Busan Branch, 31, Gwahaksandan
1-ro 60beon-gil, Gangseo-gu, 46742 Busan, Republic of Korea
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stepan Kment
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology
Centre, Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies, VŠB−Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology
Centre, Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies, VŠB−Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Mandal AK, Jana A, Chowdhury S, Tiwari A, Choudhary RJ, Phase DM. Mixed Mott-Hubbard and charge transfer nature of 4H-SrMnO 3thin film on Si (100). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:235501. [PMID: 33973533 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe8a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature electronic structure of polycrystalline 4H-SrMnO3thin film grown on Si (100) substrate has been studied using resonance photo emission spectroscopy and soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements. Presence of charge transfer screen Mn 3dnLfinal state along with the 3dn-1final state at the valence band edge of 4H-SrMnO3thin film confirms that the ground state is strongly mixed between Mn 3dand O 2pstates. The estimated equivalent values of on-site Coulomb interaction energy (U) and O 2pto Mn 3d- charge transfer energy (Δ) (U≈ Δ ≈ 4.8 eV) from the combination of occupied and unoccupied spectra further confirm the intermediate Mott-Hubbard and charge transfer insulator nature of 4H-SrMnO3film. Despite having similar Mn 4+ valence state in 4H-SrMnO3and cubic SrMnO3, 4H phase is observed to reveal much higher band gap ∼1.5 eV than the cubic phase (0.3 eV), which arises due to different MnO6octahedra environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Kumar Mandal
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Jana
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sourav Chowdhury
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Achyut Tiwari
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - R J Choudhary
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - D M Phase
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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6
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Electrodecoration and Characterization of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Bioactive Synergistic Nanocopper: Magnetic Hyperthermia-Induced Ionic Release for Anti-Biofilm Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10020119. [PMID: 33513680 PMCID: PMC7911805 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The urgency for the availability of new antibacterial/disinfectant agents has become a worldwide priority. At the same time, along with the extensive use of other metal nanoparticles (NPs), the investigation of magnetic NPs (MNPs) in antibacterial studies has turned out to be an increasingly attractive research field. In this context, we present the preparation and characterization of superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs, electrodecorated with antimicrobial copper NPs, able to modulate the release of bioactive species not only by the NP’s stabilizer, but also through the application of a suitable magnetic field. Antimicrobial synergistic CuNPs stabilized by benzalkonium chloride have been used in the current study. We demonstrate the successful preparation of Cu@Fe3O4 MNPs composites through morphological and spectroscopic results. Additionally, an extensive magnetic characterization is reported, along with hyperthermia-induced copper ionic release. On the basis of our results, we propose a new generation of antimicrobial magnetic nanomaterials, whose bioactivity can be also tuned by the application of a magnetic field.
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7
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Wangoh LW, Yang Z, Wang L, Bowden ME, Yin X, Wee ATS, Mueller KT, Murugesan V, Du Y. Mg 2+ Diffusion-Induced Structural and Property Evolution in Epitaxial Fe 3O 4 Thin Films. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14887-14894. [PMID: 33074667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial Fe3O4 thin films grown on single crystal MgO(001) present well-defined model systems to study fundamental multivalent ion diffusion and associated phase transition processes in transition-metal-oxide-based cathodes. In this work, we show at an atomic scale the Mg2+ diffusion pathways, kinetics, and reaction products at the Fe3O4/MgO heterostructures under different oxygen partial pressures but with the same thermal annealing conditions. Combining microscopic, optical, and spectroscopic techniques, we demonstrate that an oxygen-rich environment promotes facile Mg2+ incorporation into the Fe2+ sites, leading to the formation of Mg1-xFe2+xO4 spinel structures, where the corresponding portion of the Fe2+ ions are oxidized to Fe3+. Conversely, annealing in vacuum results in the formation of a thin interfacial rocksalt layer (Mg1-yFeyO), which serves as a blocking layer leading to significantly reduced Mg2+ diffusion to the bulk Fe3O4. The observed changes in transport and optical properties as a result of Mg diffusion are interpreted in light of the electronic structures determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Our results reveal the critical role of available anions in governing cation diffusion in the spinel structures and the need to prevent formation of unwanted reaction intermediates for the promotion of facile cation diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda W Wangoh
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhenzhong Yang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Le Wang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mark E Bowden
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xinmao Yin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, S12 Science Drive 3, 117551 Singapore
| | - Andrew T S Wee
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, S12 Science Drive 3, 117551 Singapore
| | - Karl T Mueller
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Vijayakumar Murugesan
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yingge Du
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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8
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Degaga GD, Trought M, Nemsak S, Crumlin EJ, Seel M, Pandey R, Perrine KA. Investigation of N 2 adsorption on Fe 3O 4(001) using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:054717. [PMID: 32035447 DOI: 10.1063/1.5138941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactions on iron oxide surfaces are prevalent in various chemical processes from heterogeneous catalysts to minerals. Nitrogen (N2) is known to dissociate on iron surfaces, a precursor for ammonia production in the Haber-Bosch process, where the dissociation of N2 is the limiting step in the reaction under equilibrium conditions. However, little is known about N2 adsorption on other iron-based materials, such as iron oxide surfaces that are ubiquitous in soils, steel pipelines, and other industrial materials. An atomistic description is reported for the binding of N2 on the Fe3O4(001) surface using first principles calculations with ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Two primary adsorption sites are experimentally identified from N2 dissociation on Fe3O4(001). The electronic signatures associated with the valence band region unambiguously show how the electronic structure of magnetite transforms near ambient pressures due to the binding of atomic nitrogen to different surface sites. Overall, the experimental and theoretical results of our study bridge the gap between ultra-high vacuum studies and reaction conditions to provide insight into other nitrogen-based chemistry on iron oxide surfaces that impact the agriculture and energy industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemechis D Degaga
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA
| | - Mikhail Trought
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA
| | - Slavomir Nemsak
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8229, USA
| | - Ethan J Crumlin
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8229, USA
| | - Max Seel
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA
| | - Ravindra Pandey
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA
| | - Kathryn A Perrine
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA
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9
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Liu H, Di Valentin C. Bulk-terminated or reconstructed Fe 3O 4(001) surface: water makes a difference. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11021-11027. [PMID: 29868664 PMCID: PMC6001776 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02279h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces and their interaction with water play an important role in most of materials' applications. Magnetite has attracted continued interest in the fields of catalysis, spintronic devices, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and drug delivery. In this work, water adsorption and its effect on the stability diagram and on the electronic structure of the Fe3O4(001) surface are investigated by hybrid density functional theory calculations combined with an ab initio atomistic thermodynamic approach. We span a wide range of gaseous O2 and vapor H2O partial pressures. At low water pressure, a reconstructed SCV surface model is confirmed to be the most stable model at common working O2 partial pressures. However, at high water coverage, an unexpected stability inversion is observed that makes the hydrated bulk-terminated DBT surface the most favored. These results open up new horizons in Fe3O4 surface chemistry when working in an aqueous environment and are of key importance to develop rational strategies to surface engineering for high performance Fe3O4 nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Liu
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 55, I-20125 Milano, Italy.
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10
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Ali H, Seidel R, Pohl MN, Winter B. Molecular species forming at the α-Fe 2O 3 nanoparticle-aqueous solution interface. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4511-4523. [PMID: 29896394 PMCID: PMC5961451 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05156e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on electronic structure measurements of the interface between hematite nanoparticles (6 nm diameter) and aqueous solutions. Using soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy from a liquid microjet we detect valence and core-level photoelectrons as well as Auger electrons from liquid water, from the nanoparticle-water interface, and from the interior of the aqueous-phase nanoparticles. Most noteworthy, the method is shown to be sufficiently sensitive for the detection of adsorbed hydroxyl species, resulting from H2O dissociation at the nanoparticle surface in aqueous solution. We obtain signal from surface OH from resonant, non-resonant, and from so-called partial-electron-yield X-ray absorption (PEY-XA) spectra. In addition, we report resonant photoelectron measurements at the iron 2p excitation. The respective Fe iron 2p3/2 edge (L3-edge) PEY-XA spectra exhibit two main absorption peaks with their energies being sensitive to the chemical environment of the Fe3+ ions at the nanoparticle-solution interface. This manifests in the 10Dq value which is a measure of the ligand-field strength. Furthermore, an observed intensity variation of the pre-peak, when comparing the PEY-XA spectra for different iron Auger-decay channels, can be assigned to different extents of electron delocalization. From the experimental fraction of local versus non-local autoionization signals we then find a very fast, approximately 1 fs, charge transfer time from interfacial Fe3+ into the environment. The present study, which is complementary to ambient-pressure photoemission studies on solid-electrolyte systems, also highlights the multiple aspects of photoemission that need to be explored for a full characterization of the transition-metal-oxide nanoparticle surface in aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah Ali
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fachbereich Physik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Straße 15 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Department of Chemistry , Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 , D-12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Marvin N Pohl
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
- Fachbereich Physik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft , Faradayweg 4-6 , D-14195 Berlin , Germany .
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11
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Kubacki J, Kajewski D, Goraus J, Szot K, Koehl A, Lenser C, Dittmann R, Szade J. Impact of Fe doping on the electronic structure of SrTiO3 thin films determined by resonant photoemission. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:154702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5007928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kubacki
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, Chorzów, Poland
| | - D. Kajewski
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - J. Goraus
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, Chorzów, Poland
| | - K. Szot
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Koehl
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ch. Lenser
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - R. Dittmann
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Szade
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
- Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, Chorzów, Poland
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12
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Hegner FS, Cardenas-Morcoso D, Giménez S, López N, Galan-Mascaros JR. Level Alignment as Descriptor for Semiconductor/Catalyst Systems in Water Splitting: The Case of Hematite/Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate Photoanodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4552-4560. [PMID: 28967707 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The realization of artificial photosynthesis may depend on the efficient integration of photoactive semiconductors and catalysts to promote photoelectrochemical water splitting. Many efforts are currently devoted to the processing of multicomponent anodes and cathodes in the search for appropriate synergy between light absorbers and active catalysts. No single material appears to combine both features. Many experimental parameters are key to achieve the needed synergy between both systems, without clear protocols for success. Herein, we show how computational chemistry can shed some light on this cumbersome problem. DFT calculations are useful to predict adequate energy-level alignment for thermodynamically favored hole transfer. As proof of concept, we experimentally confirmed the limited performance enhancement in hematite photoanodes decorated with cobalt hexacyanoferrate as a competent water-oxidation catalyst. Computational methods describe the misalignment of their energy levels, which is the origin of this mismatch. Photoelectrochemical studies indicate that the catalyst exclusively shifts the hematite surface state to lower potentials, which therefore reduces the onset for water oxidation. Although kinetics will still depend on interface architecture, our simple theoretical approach may identify and predict plausible semiconductor/catalyst combinations, which will speed up experimental work towards promising photoelectrocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Simone Hegner
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paisos Catalans, 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | | | - Sixto Giménez
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, 12006, Spain
| | - Núria López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paisos Catalans, 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Galan-Mascaros
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Paisos Catalans, 16, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys, 23., Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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13
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Liu H, Di Valentin C. Band Gap in Magnetite above Verwey Temperature Induced by Symmetry Breaking. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:25736-25742. [PMID: 29201266 PMCID: PMC5706067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b09387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite exhibits a famous phase transition, called Verwey transition, at the critical temperature TV of about 120 K. Although numerous efforts have been devoted to the understanding of this interesting transition, up to now, it is still under debate whether a charge ordering and a band gap exist in magnetite above TV. Here, we systematically investigate the charge ordering and the electronic properties of magnetite in its cubic phase using different methods based on density functional theory: DFT+U and hybrid functionals. Our results show that, upon releasing the symmetry constraint on the density but not on the geometry, charge disproportionation (Fe2+/Fe3+) is observed, resulting in a band gap of around 0.2 eV at the Fermi level. This implies that the Verwey transition is probably a semiconductor-to-semiconductor transition and that the conductivity mechanism above TV is small polaron hopping.
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Mohr S, Schmitt T, Döpper T, Xiang F, Schwarz M, Görling A, Schneider MA, Libuda J. Coverage-Dependent Anchoring of 4,4'-Biphenyl Dicarboxylic Acid to CoO(111) Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:4178-4188. [PMID: 28402643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the adsorption behavior of 4,4'-biphenhyl dicarboxylic acid (BDA) on well-ordered CoO(111) films grown on Ir(100) as a function of coverage and temperature using time-resolved and temperature-programmed infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (TR-IRAS, TP-IRAS) in combination with density functional theory (DFT) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. To compare the binding behavior of BDA as a function of the oxide film thickness, three different CoO(111) film thicknesses were explored: films of about 20 bilayers (BLs) (approximately 5 nm), 2 BLs, and 1 BL. The two carboxylic acid groups of BDA offer two potential anchoring points to the oxide surface. At 150 K, intact BDA adsorbs on 20 BL thick oxide films in planar geometry with the phenyl rings aligned parallel to the surface. With decreasing oxide film thickness, we observe an increasing tendency for deprotonation and the formation of flat-lying BDA molecules anchored as dicarboxylates. After saturation of the first monolayer, intact BDA multilayers grow with molecules aligned parallel to the surface. The BDA multilayer desorbs at around 360 K. Completely different growth behavior is observed if BDA is deposited above the multilayer desorption temperature. Initially, doubly deprotonated dicarboxylates are formed by adopting a flat-lying orientation. With increasing exposure, however, the adsorbate layer transforms into upright standing monocarboxylates. A sharp OH stretching band (3584 cm-1) and a blue-shifted CO stretching band (1759 cm-1) indicate weakly interacting apical carboxylic acid groups at the vacuum interface. The anchored monocarboxylate phase slowly desorbs in a temperature range of up to 470 K. At higher temperature, a flat-lying doubly deprotonated BDA is formed, which desorbs and decomposes in a temperature range of up to 600 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Mohr
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmitt
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tibor Döpper
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Feifei Xiang
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwarz
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Alexander Schneider
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, ‡Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, §Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, and ∥Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Density functional theory study on the effect of OH and Cl adsorption on the surface structure of α-Fe2O3. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Noh J, Osman OI, Aziz SG, Winget P, Brédas JL. A density functional theory investigation of the electronic structure and spin moments of magnetite. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2014; 15:044202. [PMID: 27877697 PMCID: PMC5090685 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/15/4/044202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations on magnetite, Fe3O4, which has been recently considered as electrode in the emerging field of organic spintronics. Given the nature of the potential applications, we evaluated the magnetite room-temperature cubic [Formula: see text] phase in terms of structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. We considered GGA (PBE), GGA + U (PBE + U), and range-separated hybrid (HSE06 and HSE(15%)) functionals. Calculations using HSE06 and HSE(15%) functionals underline the impact that inclusion of exact exchange has on the electronic structure. While the modulation of the band gap with exact exchange has been seen in numerous situations, the dramatic change in the valence band nature and states near the Fermi level has major implications for even a qualitative interpretation of the DFT results. We find that HSE06 leads to highly localized states below the Fermi level while HSE(15%) and PBE + U result in delocalized states around the Fermi level. The significant differences in local magnetic moments and atomic charges indicate that describing room-temperature bulk materials, surfaces and interfaces may require different functionals than their low-temperature counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Noh
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, USA
| | - Osman I Osman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saadullah G Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Paul Winget
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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17
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Gajda-Schrantz K, Tymen S, Boudoire F, Toth R, Bora DK, Calvet W, Grätzel M, Constable EC, Braun A. Formation of an electron hole doped film in the α-Fe2O3photoanode upon electrochemical oxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:1443-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Experimental charge density of hematite in its magnetic low temperature and high temperature phases. Ultramicroscopy 2012; 120:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Lavrentyev AA, Gabrelian BV, Shkumat PN, Nikiforov IY, Zavaliy IY, Izvekov AV, Khyzhun OY. Electronic structure of Ti4Fe2O as determined from ab initio calculations and X-ray spectroscopy studies. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476611070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Liu S, Wang S, Guo J, Guo Q. Polarity and surface structural evolution of iron oxide films. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21892e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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21
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Yang H, Mi W, Bai H, Cheng Y. Electronic and optical properties of new multifunctional materials via half-substituted hematite: first principles calculations. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21349d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Xiao J, Kuc A, Pokhrel S, Schowalter M, Parlapalli S, Rosenauer A, Frauenheim T, Mädler L, Pettersson LGM, Heine T. Evidence for Fe(2+) in wurtzite coordination: iron doping stabilizes ZnO nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:2879-86. [PMID: 21913325 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations are used to investigate the structural and electronic properties of Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Based on extensive validation studies surveying various density functionals, the hybrid functional PBE0 is employed to calculate the structures, formation energies, and electronic properties of Fe in ZnO with Fe concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, and 18.75 at%. Substitution of Zn by Fe, zinc vacancies, and interstitial oxygen defects is studied. High-resolution inner-shell electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements and X-ray absorption near-edge structure calculations of Fe and O atoms are performed. The results show that Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles are structurally and energetically more stable than the isolated FeO (rocksalt) and ZnO (wurtzite) phases. The Fe dopants distribute homogeneously in ZnO nanoparticles and do not significantly alter the host ZnO lattice parameters. Simulations of the absorption spectra demonstrate that Fe(2+) dominates in the Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles reported recently, whereas Fe(3+) is present only as a trace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Xiao
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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23
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Chernyshova IV, Ponnurangam S, Somasundaran P. Adsorption of fatty acids on iron (hydr)oxides from aqueous solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10007-10018. [PMID: 21711036 DOI: 10.1021/la2017374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of iron (hydr)oxides with fatty acids is related to many industrial and natural processes. To resolve current controversies about the adsorption configurations of fatty acids and the conditions of the maximum hydrophobicity of the minerals, we perform a detailed study of the adsorption of sodium laurate (dodecanoate) on 150 nm hematite (α-Fe(2)O(3)) particles as a model system. The methods used include in situ FTIR spectroscopy, ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), measurements of the adsorption isotherm and contact angle, as well as the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We found that the laurate adlayer is present as a mixture of inner-sphere monodentate mononuclear (ISMM) and outer-sphere (OS) hydration shared complexes independent of the solution pH. Protonation of the OS complexes does not influence the conformational order of the surfactant tails. One monolayer, which is filled through the growth of domains and is reached at the micellization/precipitation edge of laurate, makes the particles superhydrophobic. These results contradict previous models of the fatty acid adsorption and suggest new interpretation of literature data. Finally, we discovered that the fractions of both the OS laurate and its molecular form increase in D(2)O, which can be used for interpreting complex spectra. We discuss shortcomings of vibrational spectroscopy in determining the interfacial coordination of carboxylate groups. This work advances the current understanding of the oxide-carboxylate interactions and the research toward improving performance of fatty acids as surfactants, dispersants, lubricants, and anticorrosion reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Chernyshova
- NSF I/UCRC Center for Particulate & Surfactant Systems, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States.
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24
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Pozun ZD, Henkelman G. Hybrid density functional theory band structure engineering in hematite. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:224706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3598947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Ding H, Nakayama K, Richard P, Souma S, Sato T, Takahashi T, Neupane M, Xu YM, Pan ZH, Fedorov AV, Wang Z, Dai X, Fang Z, Chen GF, Luo JL, Wang NL. Electronic structure of optimally doped pnictide Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2: a comprehensive angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy investigation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:135701. [PMID: 21415479 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/13/135701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of the Fe-based superconductor Ba(0.6)K(0.4)Fe(2)As(2) is studied by means of angle-resolved photoemission. We identify dispersive bands crossing the Fermi level forming hole-like (electron-like) Fermi surfaces (FSs) around Γ (M) with nearly nested FS pockets connected by the antiferromagnetic wavevector. Compared to band structure calculation findings, the overall bandwidth is reduced by a factor of 2 and the low energy dispersions display even stronger mass renormalization. Using an effective tight banding model, we fitted the band structure and the FSs to obtain band parameters reliable for theoretical modeling and calculation of physical quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Li X, Henrich VE, Saitoh T, Fujimori A. Electronic Structure of Cr2O3 Studied by Photoemission Spectroscopies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-307-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe electronic structure of single-crystal Cr2O3 has been studied by Cr 2p core-level XPS and valence-band UPS spectroscopies. A cluster configuration-interaction analysis was applied to investigate the nature of the satellite in the Cr 2p core-level photoemission spectrum. It is argued that the satellite can be understood as a charge-transfer satellite, and Cr2O3 is found to be situated at the boundary between the Mott-Hubbard and the charge-transfer regimes. The values of the charge-transfer energy, Δ, the Coulomb correlation energy, U, and the ligand 2p-cation 3d hybridization energy, T, found from fitting the Cr 2p XPS spectrum were also used to analyze the valence-band UPS spectrum. The comparison between the experimental spectrum and the spectrum from theoretical fitting is fair.
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27
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Xue M, Wang S, Wu K, Guo J, Guo Q. Surface structural evolution in iron oxide thin films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:11-14. [PMID: 21141845 DOI: 10.1021/la103732r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ordered iron oxide ultrathin films were fabricated on a single-crystal Mo(110) substrate under ultrahigh vacuum conditions by either depositing Fe in ambient oxygen or oxidizing preprepared Fe(110) films. The surface structure and electronic structure of the iron oxide films were investigated by various surface analytical techniques. The results indicate surface structural transformations from metastable FeO(111) and O-terminated Fe(2)O(3)(0001) to Fe(3)O(4)(111) films, respectively. The former depends strongly on the oxygen pressure and substrate temperature, and the latter relies mostly upon the annealing temperature. Our experimental observations are helpful in understanding the mechanisms of surface structural evolution in iron oxides. The model surfaces of Fe-oxide films, particularly O-terminated surfaces, can be used for further investigation in chemical reactions (e.g., in catalysis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
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28
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Chernyshova IV, Ponnurangam S, Somasundaran P. On the origin of an unusual dependence of (bio)chemical reactivity of ferric hydroxides on nanoparticle size. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:14045-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00168f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Kunes J, Korotin DM, Korotin MA, Anisimov VI, Werner P. Pressure-driven metal-insulator transition in hematite from dynamical mean-field theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:146402. [PMID: 19392460 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.146402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The local density approximation combined with dynamical mean-field theory is applied to study the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered phases of hematite Fe2O3 as a function of volume. As the volume is decreased, a simultaneous first-order insulator-metal and high-spin to low-spin transition occurs close to the experimental value of the critical volume. The high-spin insulating phase is destroyed by a progressive reduction of the spectral gap with increasing pressure, upon closing of which the high-spin phase becomes unstable. We conclude that the transition in Fe2O3 at approximately 50 GPa can be described as an electronically driven volume collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kunes
- Theoretical Physics III, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86135, Germany
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30
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Chenakin SP, Galstyan GG, Tolstogouzov AB, Kruse N. XPS and ToF-SIMS characterization of a Finemet surface: effect of heating. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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31
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Stoltz D, Onsten A, Karlsson UO, Göthelid M. Scanning tunneling microscopy of Fe- and O-sublattices on (100). Ultramicroscopy 2008; 108:540-4. [PMID: 17913362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present scanning tunneling microscopy of an octahedral (B) plane terminated (square root of 2 x square root of 2) R45 degrees-reconstructed surface of a natural magnetite (100) crystal. Implementing a W-tip we achieve the same resolution on Fe rows as was reported in the past either with the use of antiferromagnetic tips or on magnetite (Fe3O4) films. We show images of Fe or O sublattices of Fe3O4 with atomic resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stoltz
- Materialfysik, MAP, KTH-Electrum, SE-16440 Kista, Sweden.
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32
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Mullet M, Guillemin Y, Ruby C. Oxidation and deprotonation of synthetic FeII–FeIII (oxy)hydroxycarbonate Green Rust: An X-ray photoelectron study. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2007.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Erni R, Browning ND, Dai ZR, Bradley JP. Analysis of extraterrestrial particles using monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Micron 2005; 36:369-79. [PMID: 15857776 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2004.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A monochromated (scanning) transmission electron microscope was used to analyze individual sub-micron grains within interplanetary dust particles (IDP). Using low-loss and core-loss electron energy-loss spectroscopy, we analyzed fluid and gas inclusions within vesiculated alumosilicate grains. It is shown that nanometer-sized vesicles contain predominantly molecular oxygen (O(2)) beside a small fraction of H(2)O. Low-loss spectra reveal the Schumann-Runge continuum peaking at 8.6 eV and absorption bands reflecting vibrational excitation states of O(2) molecules between the first (12.1 eV) and second (16.1 eV) ionization energy. The presence of oxygen gas is supported by the corresponding oxygen K-edge fine structure. The valence state of Fe in iron-oxide within the IDP was also studied. Low-loss spectra provide qualitative information about the oxidation state of iron consistent with the Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) ratio quantitatively derived from the Fe L(2,3) edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Erni
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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34
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Glatzel P, Bergmann U. High resolution 1s core hole X-ray spectroscopy in 3d transition metal complexes—electronic and structural information. Coord Chem Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 519] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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35
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Stack AG, Eggleston CM, Engelhard MH. Reaction of hydroquinone with hematite. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 274:433-41. [PMID: 15144814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2003.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2003] [Accepted: 12/12/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of hematite with quinones and the quinone moieties of larger molecules may be an important factor in limiting the rate of reductive dissolution, especially by iron-reducing bacteria. Here, the electrochemical and physical properties of hydroquinone adsorbed on hematite surfaces at pH 2.5-3 were investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical-scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An oxidation peak for hydroquinone was observed in the CV experiments, as well as (photo)reduction of iron and decomposition of the solvent. The EC-STM results indicate that hydroquinone sometimes forms an ordered monolayer with approximately 1.1 QH(2)/nm(2), but can be fairly disordered (especially when viewed at larger scales). XPS results indicate that hydroquinone and benzoquinone are retained at the interface in increasing amounts as the reaction proceeds, but reduced iron is not observed. These results suggest that quinones do not adsorb by an inner-sphere complex where adsorbate-surface interactions determine the adsorbate surface structure, but rather in an outer-sphere complex where interactions among the adsorbate molecules dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Stack
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071-3006, USA.
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36
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Audi AA, Sherwood PMA. Valence-band x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of manganese and its oxides interpreted by cluster and band structure calculations. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Toledano
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208284, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8284
| | - Victor E. Henrich
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208284, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8284
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38
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Zscherpel D, Ranke W, Weiss W, Schlögl R. Energetics and kinetics of ethylbenzene adsorption on epitaxial FeO(111) and Fe3O4(111) films studied by thermal desorption and photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Howlett JF, Flavell WR, Thomas AG, Hollingworth J, Warren S, Hashim Z, Mian M, Squire S, Aghabozorg HR, Sarker MM, Wincott PL, Teehan D, Downes S, Law DSL, Hancock FE. Electronic structure, reactivity and solid-state chemistry of La2 –xSrxNi1 –yFeyO4 +δ. Faraday Discuss 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/fd9960500337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Schedel-Niedrig T, Weiss W, Schlögl R. Electronic structure of ultrathin ordered iron oxide films grown onto Pt(111). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:17449-17460. [PMID: 9981176 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.17449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chainani A, Yokoya T, Morimoto T, Takahashi T, Todo S. High-resolution photoemission spectroscopy of the Verwey transition in Fe3O4. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:17976-17979. [PMID: 9978834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.17976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Catti M, Valerio G, Dovesi R. Theoretical study of electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of alpha -Fe2O3 (hematite). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:7441-7450. [PMID: 9977323 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.7441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Diebold U, Tao HS, Shinn ND, Madey TE. Electronic structure of ultrathin Fe films on TiO2(110) studied with soft-x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and resonant photoemission. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:14474-14480. [PMID: 9975669 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Ma Y, Johnson PD, Wassdahl N, Guo J, Skytt P, Nordgren J, Kevan SD, Rubensson J, Böske T, Eberhardt W. Electronic structures of alpha -Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 from O K-edge absorption and emission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:2109-2111. [PMID: 10008601 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Denecke R, Ley L, Fraxedas J. Partial valence-band spectra of Fe in Cd1-xFexSe. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:13197-13204. [PMID: 10005624 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Braicovich L, Ciccacci F, Puppin E, Svane A, Gunnarsson O. Ultraviolet inverse photoemission from iron monoxide and self-interaction-corrected local-spin-density calculations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:12165-12174. [PMID: 10003129 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Dräger G, Czolbe W, Leiro JA. High-energy-spectroscopy studies of a charge-transfer insulator: X-ray spectra of alpha -Fe2O3. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:8283-8287. [PMID: 10000659 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.8283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Ciccacci F, Braicovich L, Puppin E, Vescovo E. Empty electron states in Fe2O3 by ultraviolet inverse-photoemission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:10444-10448. [PMID: 9999066 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.10444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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