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Hou Z, Liu Y, Yao S, Wang S, Ji Y, Fu W, Xie J, Yan YM, Yang Z. Inducing weak and negative Jahn-Teller distortions to alleviate structural deformations for stable sodium storage. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 39224063 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh01006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In the quest for efficient supercapacitor materials, manganese-based layered oxide cathodes stand out for their cost-effectiveness and high theoretical capacity. However, their progress is hindered by the Jahn-Teller (J-T) distortion due to the unavoidable Mn4+ to Mn3+ reduction during ion storage processes. Our study addresses this challenge by stabilizing the K0.5MnO2 cathode through strategic Mg2+ substitution. This substitution leads to an altered Mn3+ electronic configuration, effectively mitigating the strong J-T distortion during ion storage processes. We provide a comprehensive analysis combining experimental evidence and theoretical insights, highlighting the emergence of the weak and negative J-T effects with reduced structural deformation during electrochemical cycling. Our findings reveal that the K0.5Mn0.85Mg0.15O2 cathode exhibits remarkable durability, retaining 96.0% of initial capacitance after 8000 cycles. This improvement is attributed to the specific electronic configurations of Mn3+ ions, which play a crucial role in minimizing volumetric changes and counteracting structural deformation typically induced by the strong J-T distortion. Our study not only advances the understanding of managing J-T distortion in manganese-based cathodes but also opens new avenues for designing high-stability supercapacitors and other energy storage devices by tailoring electrode materials based on their electronic configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuyun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingjie Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weijie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiangzhou Xie
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yi-Ming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Branson JA, Smith PW, Arnold J, Minasian SG. Analyzing the Intensities of K-Edge Transitions in X 2 Molecules (X = F, Cl, Br) for Use in Ligand K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:15557-15562. [PMID: 39112430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Ligand K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is regularly used to determine the ligand contribution to metal-ligand bonds. For quantitative studies, the pre-edge transition intensities must be referenced to an intensity standard, and pre-edge intensities obtained from different ligand atoms cannot be compared without standardization due to different cross sections at each absorption edge. In this work, the intensities of the 1s → σ* transitions in F2, Cl2, and Br2 are analyzed for their use as references for ligand K-edge XAS. We show that the intensities of these transitions are equal to the intensities of the 1s → np transitions in the unbound halogens. This finding is supported by a comparison between the normalized experimental intensities for the molecules and the calculated oscillator strengths for the atoms. These results highlight the potential for these molecules to be used as intensity standards in F, Cl, and Br K-edge XAS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Branson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Patrick W Smith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stefan G Minasian
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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3
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Shearer CK, McCubbin FM, Eckley S, Simon SB, Meshik A, McDonald F, Schmitt HH, Zeigler RA, Gross J, Mitchell J, Krysher C, Morris RV, Parai R, Jolliff BL, Gillis-Davis JJ, Joy KH, Bell SK, Lucey PG, Sun L, Sharp ZD, Dukes C, Sehlke A, Mosie A, Allton J, Amick C, Simon JI, Erickson TM, Barnes JJ, Dyar MD, Burgess K, Petro N, Moriarty D, Curran NM, Elsila JE, Colina-Ruiz RA, Kroll T, Sokaras D, Ishii HA, Bradley JP, Sears D, Cohen B, Pravdivseva O, Thompson MS, Neal CR, Hana R, Ketcham R, Welten K. Apollo Next Generation Sample Analysis (ANGSA): an Apollo Participating Scientist Program to Prepare the Lunar Sample Community for Artemis. SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 2024; 220:62. [PMID: 39176178 PMCID: PMC11335912 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-024-01094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
As a first step in preparing for the return of samples from the Moon by the Artemis Program, NASA initiated the Apollo Next Generation Sample Analysis Program (ANGSA). ANGSA was designed to function as a low-cost sample return mission and involved the curation and analysis of samples previously returned by the Apollo 17 mission that remained unopened or stored under unique conditions for 50 years. These samples include the lower portion of a double drive tube previously sealed on the lunar surface, the upper portion of that drive tube that had remained unopened, and a variety of Apollo 17 samples that had remained stored at -27 °C for approximately 50 years. ANGSA constitutes the first preliminary examination phase of a lunar "sample return mission" in over 50 years. It also mimics that same phase of an Artemis surface exploration mission, its design included placing samples within the context of local and regional geology through new orbital observations collected since Apollo and additional new "boots-on-the-ground" observations, data synthesis, and interpretations provided by Apollo 17 astronaut Harrison Schmitt. ANGSA used new curation techniques to prepare, document, and allocate these new lunar samples, developed new tools to open and extract gases from their containers, and applied new analytical instrumentation previously unavailable during the Apollo Program to reveal new information about these samples. Most of the 90 scientists, engineers, and curators involved in this mission were not alive during the Apollo Program, and it had been 30 years since the last Apollo core sample was processed in the Apollo curation facility at NASA JSC. There are many firsts associated with ANGSA that have direct relevance to Artemis. ANGSA is the first to open a core sample previously sealed on the surface of the Moon, the first to extract and analyze lunar gases collected in situ, the first to examine a core that penetrated a lunar landslide deposit, and the first to process pristine Apollo samples in a glovebox at -20 °C. All the ANGSA activities have helped to prepare the Artemis generation for what is to come. The timing of this program, the composition of the team, and the preservation of unopened Apollo samples facilitated this generational handoff from Apollo to Artemis that sets up Artemis and the lunar sample science community for additional successes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. K. Shearer
- Dept. of Earth & Planet. Sci., Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058 USA
| | - F. M. McCubbin
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - S. Eckley
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - S. B. Simon
- Dept. of Earth & Planet. Sci., Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - A. Meshik
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | | | - H. H. Schmitt
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, P.O. Box 90730, Albuquerque, NM 87199 USA
| | - R. A. Zeigler
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - J. Gross
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - J. Mitchell
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - C. Krysher
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - R. V. Morris
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - R. Parai
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - B. L. Jolliff
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | | | - K. H. Joy
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - S. K. Bell
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P. G. Lucey
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - L. Sun
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Z. D. Sharp
- Dept. of Earth & Planet. Sci., Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
| | - C. Dukes
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
| | - A. Sehlke
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett, CA 94035 USA
| | - A. Mosie
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - J. Allton
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - C. Amick
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - J. I. Simon
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - T. M. Erickson
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
| | - J. J. Barnes
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - M. D. Dyar
- Department of Astronomy, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075 USA
| | - K. Burgess
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, 20375 USA
| | - N. Petro
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - D. Moriarty
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - N. M. Curran
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - J. E. Elsila
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | | | - T. Kroll
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - D. Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - H. A. Ishii
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - J. P. Bradley
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - D. Sears
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett, CA 94035 USA
| | - B. Cohen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - O. Pravdivseva
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | | | - C. R. Neal
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - R. Hana
- Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - R. Ketcham
- Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - K. Welten
- SSL University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - the ANGSA science team
- Dept. of Earth & Planet. Sci., Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058 USA
- Jacobs, ARES, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058-3696 USA
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
- ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, P.O. Box 90730, Albuquerque, NM 87199 USA
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett, CA 94035 USA
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
- Department of Astronomy, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075 USA
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, 20375 USA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA
- SSL University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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4
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Mushkaev R, Petocchi F, Christiansson V, Werner P. Internal consistency of multi-tier G W+EDMFT. NPJ COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS 2024; 10:182. [PMID: 39155927 PMCID: PMC11324523 DOI: 10.1038/s41524-024-01376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The multi-tier G W+EDMFT scheme is an ab-initio method for calculating the electronic structure of correlated materials. While the approach is free from ad-hoc parameters, it requires a selection of appropriate energy windows for describing low-energy and strongly correlated physics. In this study, we test the consistency of the multi-tier description by considering different low-energy windows for a series of cubic SrXO3 (X = V, Cr, Mn) perovskites. Specifically, we compare the 3-orbital t 2g model, the 5-orbital t 2g + e g model, the 12-orbital t 2g + O p model, and (in the case of SrVO3) the 14-orbital t 2g + e g + O p model and compare the results to available photoemission and X-ray absorption measurements. The multi-tier method yields consistent results for the t 2g and t 2g + e g low-energy windows, while the models with O p states produce stronger correlation effects and mostly agree well with experiment, especially in the unoccupied part of the spectrum. We also discuss the consistency between the fermionic and bosonic spectral functions and the physical origin of satellite features, and present momentum-resolved charge susceptibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Mushkaev
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Petocchi
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Philipp Werner
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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5
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang F, He T. Modulating Lattice Oxygen Activity of Iron-Based Triple-Conducting Nanoheterostructure Air Electrode via Sc-Substitution Strategy for Protonic Ceramic Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2312148. [PMID: 38438906 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Iron-based perovskite air electrodes for protonic ceramic cells (PCCs) offer broad application prospects owing to their reasonable thermomechanical compatibility and steam tolerance. However, their insufficient electrocatalytic activity has considerably limited further development. Herein, oxygen-vacancy-rich BaFe0.6Ce0.2Sc0.2O3-δ (BFCS) perovskite is rationally designed by a facile Sc-substitution strategy for BaFe0.6Ce0.4O3-δ (BFC) as efficient and stable air electrode for PCCs. The BFCS electrode with an optimized Fe 3d-eg orbital occupancy and more oxygen vacancies exhibits a polarization resistance of ≈ 0.175 Ω cm2 at 600 °C, ≈ 1/3 of the BFC electrode (≈0.64 Ω cm2). Simultaneously, BFCS shows favorable proton uptake with a low proton defect formation enthalpy (- 81 kJ mol-1). By combining soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electrical conductivity relaxation studies, it is revealed that the enhancement of Fe4+-O2- interactions in BFCS promotes the activation and mobility of lattice oxygen, triggering the activity of BFCS in both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER). The single cell achieves encouraging output performance in both fuel cell (1.55 W cm-2) and electrolysis cell (-2.96 A cm-2 at 1.3 V) modes at 700 °C. These results highlight the importance of activating lattice oxygen in air electrodes of PCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yaowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Youcheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Tianmin He
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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6
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Luo S, Dai C, Ye Y, Wu Q, Wang J, Li X, Xi S, Xu ZJ. Elevated Water Oxidation by Cation Leaching Enabled Tunable Surface Reconstruction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402184. [PMID: 38750660 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Water electrolysis is one promising and eco-friendly technique for energy storage, yet its overall efficiency is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, developing strategies to boost OER catalyst performance is crucial. With the advances in characterization techniques, an extensive phenomenon of surface structure evolution into an active amorphous layer was uncovered. Surface reconstruction in a controlled fashion was then proposed as an emerging strategy to elevate water oxidation efficiency. In this work, Cr substitution induces the reconstruction of NiFexCr2-xO4 during cyclic voltammetry (CV) conditioning by Cr leaching, which leads to a superior OER performance. The best-performed NiFe0.25Cr1.75O4 shows a ~1500 % current density promotion at overpotential η=300 mV, which outperforms many advanced NiFe-based OER catalysts. It is also found that their OER activities are mainly determined by Ni : Fe ratio rather than considering the contribution of Cr. Meanwhile, the turnover frequency (TOF) values based on redox peak and total mass were obtained and analysed, and their possible limitations in the case of NiFexCr2-xO4 are discussed. Additionally, the high activity and durability were further verified in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) cell, highlighting its potential for practical large-scale and sustainable hydrogen gas generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhu Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chencheng Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yike Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiarui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoning Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhichuan J Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
- The Centre of Advanced Catalysis Science and Technology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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7
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Mandal A, Berquist EJ, Herbert JM. A new parameterization of the DFT/CIS method with applications to core-level spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:044114. [PMID: 39051834 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) within a restricted excitation space is an efficient means to compute core-level excitation energies using only a small subset of the occupied orbitals. However, core-to-valence excitation energies are significantly underestimated when standard exchange-correlation functionals are used, which is partly traceable to systemic issues with TD-DFT's description of Rydberg and charge-transfer excited states. To mitigate this, we have implemented an empirically modified combination of configuration interaction with single substitutions (CIS) based on Kohn-Sham orbitals, which is known as "DFT/CIS." This semi-empirical approach is well-suited for simulating x-ray near-edge spectra, as it contains sufficient exact exchange to model charge-transfer excitations yet retains DFT's low-cost description of dynamical electron correlation. Empirical corrections to the matrix elements enable semi-quantitative simulation of near-edge x-ray spectra without the need for significant a posteriori shifts; this should be useful in complex molecules and materials with multiple overlapping x-ray edges. Parameter optimization for use with a specific range-separated hybrid functional makes this a black-box method intended for both core and valence spectroscopy. Results herein demonstrate that realistic K-edge absorption and emission spectra can be obtained for second- and third-row elements and 3d transition metals, with promising results for L-edge spectra as well. DFT/CIS calculations require absolute shifts that are considerably smaller than what is typical in TD-DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | - John M Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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8
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Kim GH, Park M, Samanta S, Choi U, Kang B, Seo U, Ji G, Noh S, Cho DY, Yoo JW, Ok JM, Kim HS, Sohn C. Suppression of antiferromagnetic order by strain-enhanced frustration in honeycomb cobaltate. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn8694. [PMID: 38968350 PMCID: PMC11225782 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn8694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Layered honeycomb cobaltates are predicted as promising for realizing the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, a many-body quantum entangled ground state characterized by fractional excitations. However, they exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering at low temperatures, hindering the expected quantum state. We demonstrate that controlling the trigonal distortion of CoO6 octahedra is crucial to suppress antiferromagnetic order through enhancing frustration in layered honeycomb cobaltates. Using heterostructure engineering on Cu3Co2SbO6 thin films, we adjust the trigonal distortion of CoO6 octahedra and the resulting trigonal crystal field. The original Néel temperature of 16 kelvin in bulk Cu3Co2SbO6 decreases (increases) to 7.8 kelvin (22.7 kelvin) in strained Cu3Co2SbO6 films by decreasing (increasing) the magnitude of the trigonal crystal fields. The first-principles calculation suggests the enhancement of geometrical frustration as the origin of the suppression of antiferromagnetism. This finding supports the potential of layered honeycomb cobaltate heterostructures and strain engineering in realizing extremely elusive quantum phases of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gye-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Miju Park
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Subhasis Samanta
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Institute of Quantum Convergence Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Center for Extreme Quantum Matter and Functionality, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Uksam Choi
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Baekjune Kang
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Uihyeon Seo
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangCheol Ji
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyeon Noh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Yong Cho
- Department of Physics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Mok Ok
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Kim
- Department of Semiconductor Physics and Institute of Quantum Convergence Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Sohn
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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9
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Colfer L, Bagués N, Noor-A-Alam M, Schmidt M, Nolan M, McComb DW, Keeney L. Tilting and Distortion in the Multiferroic Aurivillius Phase Bi 6Ti 3Fe 1.5Mn 0.5O 18. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:5474-5486. [PMID: 38883432 PMCID: PMC11170937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Aurivillius structured Bi6Ti3Fe1.5Mn0.5O18 (B6TFMO) has emerged as a rare room temperature multiferroic, exhibiting reversible magnetoelectric switching of ferroelectric domains under cycled magnetic fields. This layered oxide presents exceptional avenues for advancing data storage technologies owing to its distinctive ferroelectric and ferrimagnetic characteristics. Despite its immense potential, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving multiferroic behavior remains elusive. Herein, we employ atomic resolution electron microscopy to elucidate the interplay of octahedral tilting and atomic-level structural distortions within B6TFMO, associating these phenomena with functional properties. Fundamental electronic features at varying bonding environments within this complex system are scrutinized using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), revealing that the electronic nature of the Ti4+ cations within perovskite BO6 octahedra is influenced by position within the Aurivillius structure. Layer-by-layer EELS analysis shows an ascending crystal field splitting (Δ) trend from outer to center perovskite layers, with an average increase in Δ of 0.13 ± 0.06 eV. Density functional theory calculations, supported by atomic resolution polarization vector mapping of B-site cations, underscore the correlation between the evolving nature of Ti4+ cations, the extent of tetragonal distortion and ferroelectric behavior. Integrated differential phase contrast imaging unveils the position of light oxygen atoms in B6TFMO for the first time, exposing an escalating degree of octahedral tilting toward the center layers, which competes with the magnitude of BO6 tetragonal distortion. The observed octahedral tilting, influenced by B-site cation arrangement, is deemed crucial for juxtaposing magnetic cations and establishing long-range ferrimagnetic order in multiferroic B6TFMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Colfer
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Núria Bagués
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mohammad Noor-A-Alam
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - Michael Nolan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - David W McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lynette Keeney
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings Complex, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
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10
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Xu M, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Ding X, Leng H, Hu Z, Wu X, Yi J, Yu X, Breese MBH, Xi S, Li M, Qiao L. Robust Superconductivity in Infinite-Layer Nickelates. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2305252. [PMID: 38685606 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The recent discovery of nickelate superconductivity represents an important step toward understanding the four-decade mastery of unconventional high-temperature superconductivity. However, the synthesis of the infinite-layer nickelate superconductors shows great challenges. Particularly, surface capping layers are usually unitized to facilitate the sample synthesis. This leads to an important question whether nickelate superconductors with d9 configuration and ultralow valence of Ni1+ are in metastable state and whether nickelate superconductivity can be robust? In this work, a series of redox cycling experiments are performed across the phase transition between perovskite Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO3 and infinite-layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2. The infinite-layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 is quite robust in the redox environment and can survive the cycling experiments with unchanged crystallographic quality. However, as the cycling number goes on, the perovskite Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO3 shows structural degradation, suggesting stability of nickelate superconductivity is not restricted by the ultralow valence of Ni1+, but by the quality of its perovskite precursor. The observed robustness of infinite-layer Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2 up to ten redox cycles further indicates that if an ideal high-quality perovskite precursor can be obtained, infinite-layer nickelate superconductivity can be very stable and sustainable under environmental conditions. This work provides important implications for potential device applications for nickelate superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Xu
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Huaqian Leng
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Center for Microscopy and Analysis, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117603, Singapore
| | - Mark B H Breese
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117603, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117603, Singapore
| | - Mengsha Li
- Center for Microscopy and Analysis, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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11
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Palmer LD, Lee W, Dong CL, Liu RS, Wu N, Cushing SK. Determining Quasi-Equilibrium Electron and Hole Distributions of Plasmonic Photocatalysts Using Photomodulated X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9344-9353. [PMID: 38498940 PMCID: PMC10993415 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Most photocatalytic and photovoltaic devices operate under broadband, constant illumination. Electron and hole dynamics in these devices, however, are usually measured by using ultrafast pulsed lasers in a narrow wavelength range. In this work, we use excited-state X-ray theory originally developed for transient X-ray experiments to study steady-state photomodulated X-ray spectra. We use this method to attempt to extract electron and hole distributions from spectra collected at a nontime-resolved synchrotron beamline. A set of plasmonic metal core-shell nanoparticles is designed as the control experiment because they can systematically isolate photothermal, hot electron, and thermalized electron-hole pairs in a TiO2 shell. Steady-state changes in the Ti L2,3 edge are measured with and without continuous-wave illumination of the nanoparticle's localized surface plasmon resonance. The results suggest that within error the quasi-equilibrium carrier distribution can be determined even from relatively noisy data with mixed excited-state phenomena. Just as importantly, the theoretical analysis of noisy data is used to provide guidelines for the beamline development of photomodulated steady-state spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Daniel Palmer
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, California, United States
| | - Wonseok Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, California, United States
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department
of Physics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Shi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University
and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nianqiang Wu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Amherst 01003−9303, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Scott Kevin Cushing
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena 91125, California, United States
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12
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Aso R, Katsumata T, Nakamura T, Watase Y, Amezawa K, Murakami Y. Structural and electronic characterization of fluorine-doped La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-δ using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Microscopy (Oxf) 2024; 73:22-30. [PMID: 37243701 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite oxides, ABO3, are potential catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction, which is important in the production of hydrogen as a sustainable energy resource. Optimizing the chemical composition of such oxides by substitution or doping with additional elements is an effective approach to improving the activity of such catalysts. Here, we characterized the crystal and electronic structures of fluorine-doped La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-δ particles using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). High-resolution STEM imaging demonstrated the formation of a disordered surface phase caused by fluorine doping. In addition, spatially resolved EELS data showed that fluorine anions were introduced into the interiors of the particles and that Co ions near the surfaces were slightly reduced by fluorine doping in conjunction with the loss of oxygen ions. Peak fitting of energy-loss near-edge structure data demonstrated an unexpected nanostructure in the vicinity of the surface. An EELS characterization comprising elemental mapping together with an energy-loss near-edge structure analysis indicated that this nanostructure could not be assigned to Co-based materials but rather to the solid electrolyte BaF2. Complementary structural and electronic characterizations using STEM and EELS as demonstrated herein evidently have the potential to play an increasingly important role in elucidating the nanostructures of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Aso
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuya Katsumata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-1 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yusuke Watase
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koji Amezawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Murakami
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- The Ultramicroscopy Research Center, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Stramaglia F, Panchal G, Nolting F, Vaz CAF. Fully Magnetically Polarized Ultrathin La 0.8Sr 0.2MnO 3 Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4138-4149. [PMID: 38216138 PMCID: PMC10811626 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
We report the observation of fully magnetically polarized ultrathin La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 films by using LaMnO3 and La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 buffer layers grown epitaxially on SrTiO3(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Specifically, we show that La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 films grown on 12-unit-cell LaMnO3 have bulk-like magnetic moments starting from a single unit cell thickness, while for the 15-unit-cell La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 buffer layer, the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 transitions from an antiferromagnetic state to a fully spin-polarized ferromagnetic state at 4 unit cells. The magnetic results are confirmed by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, while linear dichroic measurements carried out for the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3/La0.45Sr0.55MnO3 series show the presence of an orbital reorganization at the transition from the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic state corresponding to a change from a preferred in-plane orbital hole occupancy, characteristic of the A-type antiferromagnetic state of La0.45Sr0.55MnO3, to preferentially out of plane. We interpret our findings in terms of the different electronic charge transfers between the adjacent layers, confined to the unit cell in the case of insulating LaMnO3 and extended to a few unit cells in the case of conducting La0.45Sr0.55MnO3. Our work demonstrates an approach to growing ultrathin mixed-valence manganite films that are fully magnetically polarized from the single unit cell, paving the way to fully exploring the unique electronic properties of this class of strongly correlated oxide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gyanendra Panchal
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Frithjof Nolting
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A. F. Vaz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
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14
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Mikheenkova A, Mukherjee S, Hirsbrunner M, Törnblom P, Tai CW, Segre CU, Ding Y, Zhang W, Asmara TC, Wei Y, Schmitt T, Rensmo H, Duda L, Hahlin M. The role of oxygen in automotive grade lithium-ion battery cathodes: an atomistic survey of ageing. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2024; 12:2465-2478. [PMID: 38269086 PMCID: PMC10805348 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta05516g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The rising demand for high-performance lithium-ion batteries, pivotal to electric transportation, hinges on key materials like the Ni-rich layered oxide LiNixCoyAlzO2 (NCA) used in cathodes. The present study investigates the redox mechanisms, with particular focus on the role of oxygen in commercial NCA electrodes, both fresh and aged under various conditions (aged cells have performed >900 cycles until a cathode capacity retention of ∼80%). Our findings reveal that oxygen participates in charge compensation during NCA delithiation, both through changes in transition metal (TM)-O bond hybridization and formation of partially reversible O2, the latter occurs already below 3.8 V vs. Li/Li+. Aged NCA material undergoes more significant changes in TM-O bond hybridization when cycling above 50% SoC, while reversible O2 formation is maintained. Nickel is found to be redox active throughout the entire delithiation and shows a more classical oxidation state change during cycling with smaller changes in the Ni-O hybridization. By contrast, Co redox activity relies on a stronger change in Co-O hybridization, with only smaller Co oxidation state changes. The Ni-O bond displays an almost twice as large change in its bond length on cycling as the Co-O bond. The Ni-O6 octahedra are similar in size to the Co-O6 octahedra in the delithiated state, but are larger in the lithiated state, a size difference that increases with battery ageing. These contrasting redox activities are reflected directly in structural changes. The NCA material exhibits the formation of nanopores upon ageing, and a possible connection to oxygen redox activity is discussed. The difference in interaction of Ni and Co with oxygen provides a key understanding of the mechanism and the electrochemical instability of Ni-rich layered transition metal oxide electrodes. Our research specifically highlights the significance of the role of oxygen in the electrochemical performance of electric-vehicle-grade NCA electrodes, offering important insights for the creation of next-generation long-lived lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Mikheenkova
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Soham Mukherjee
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Moritz Hirsbrunner
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Pontus Törnblom
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Cheuk-Wai Tai
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University Stockholm 10691 Sweden
| | - Carlo U Segre
- Department of Physics and CSRRI, Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Yujia Ding
- Department of Physics and CSRRI, Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Wenliang Zhang
- Laboratory for Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen PSI 5232 Switzerland
| | - Teguh Citra Asmara
- Laboratory for Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen PSI 5232 Switzerland
| | - Yuan Wei
- Laboratory for Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen PSI 5232 Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Schmitt
- Laboratory for Condensed Matter, Paul Scherrer Institute Forschungsstrasse 111 Villigen PSI 5232 Switzerland
| | - Håkan Rensmo
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Laurent Duda
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Maria Hahlin
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University SE 751 21 Uppsala Sweden
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15
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Xu K, Hung SW, Si W, Wu Y, Huo C, Yu P, Zhong X, Zhu J. Topotactically transformable antiphase boundaries with enhanced ionic conductivity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7382. [PMID: 37968326 PMCID: PMC10651924 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering lattice defects have emerged as a promising approach to effectively modulate the functionality of devices. Particularly, antiphase boundaries (APBs) as planar defects have been considered major obstacles to optimizing the ionic conductivity of mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs) in solid oxide fuel applications. Here our study identifies topotactically transformable APBs (tt-APBs) at the atomic level and demonstrates that they exhibit higher ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures as compared to perfect domains. In-situ observation at the atomic scale tracks dynamic oxygen migration across these tt-APBs, where the abundant interstitial sites between tetrahedrons facilitate the ionic migration. Furthermore, annealing in an oxidized atmosphere can lead to the formation of interstitial oxygen at these APBs. These pieces of evidence clearly clarify that the tt-APBs can contribute to oxygen conductivity as anion diffusion channels, while the topotactically non-transformable APBs cannot. The topotactic transformability opens the way of defect engineering strategies for improving ionic transportation in MIECs.
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Grants
- X.Y. Z is grateful for the financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China (52171014, 52011530124, 52025024), Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (SGDX20210823104200001, JCYJ20210324134402007, HZQB-KCZYB-2020031), the Sino-German Mobility Programme by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion (M-0265), Innovation and Technology Fund (ITS/365/21), Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2021YFSY0016), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. E-CityU101/20, 11302121, 11309822, G-CityU102/20), the European Research Council (Grant No. 856538, project “3D MAGiC”), CityU Strategic Interdisciplinary Research Grant (7020016, 7020043), the City University of Hong Kong (Projects no. 9610484, 9680291, 9678288, 9610607), the City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute and City University of Hong Kong Chengdu Research Institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, 94305, USA.
| | - Shih-Wei Hung
- TRACE EM Unit and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- City University of Hong Kong Matter Science Research Institute (Futian, Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518048, PR China
| | - Wenlong Si
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshang, Guangdong, 0757, PR China
| | - Yongshun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Chuanrui Huo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Pu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhong
- TRACE EM Unit and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
- City University of Hong Kong Matter Science Research Institute (Futian, Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518048, PR China.
- Nanomanufacturing Laboratory (NML), Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, PR China.
- Chengdu Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Chengdu, 610200, PR China.
| | - Jing Zhu
- National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshang, Guangdong, 0757, PR China.
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16
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Liang X, Yan W, Yu Y, Zhang K, An W, Chen H, Zou Y, Zhao X, Zou X. Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation Activity-Stability Maps for Perovskite Oxides Containing 3d, 4d and 5d Transition Metals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311606. [PMID: 37754555 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Improving catalytic activity without loss of catalytic stability is one of the core goals in search of low-iridium-content oxygen evolution electrocatalysts under acidic conditions. Here, we synthesize a family of 66 SrBO3 perovskite oxides (B=Ti, Ru, Ir) with different Ti : Ru : Ir atomic ratios and construct catalytic activity-stability maps over composition variation. The maps classify the multicomponent perovskites into chemical groups with distinct catalytic activity and stability for acidic oxygen evolution reaction, and highlights a chemical region where high catalytic activity and stability are achieved simultaneously at a relatively low iridium level. By quantifying the extent of hybridization of mixed transition metal 3d-4d-5d and oxygen 2p orbitals for multicomponent perovskites, we demonstrate this complex interplay between 3d-4d-5d metals and oxygen atoms in governing the trends in both activity and stability as well as in determining the catalytic mechanism involving lattice oxygen or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, 230029, Hefei, China
| | - Yinglong Yu
- Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina, 102206, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Wei An
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Yongcun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
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17
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Sun S, Han Z, Liu W, Xia Q, Xue L, Lei X, Zhai T, Su D, Xia H. Lattice pinning in MoO 3 via coherent interface with stabilized Li + intercalation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6662. [PMID: 37863930 PMCID: PMC10589268 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Large lattice expansion/contraction with Li+ intercalation/deintercalation of electrode active materials results in severe structural degradation to electrodes and can negatively impact the cycle life of solid-state lithium-based batteries. In case of the layered orthorhombic MoO3 (α-MoO3), its large lattice variation along the b axis during Li+ insertion/extraction induces irreversible phase transition and structural degradation, leading to undesirable cycle life. Herein, we propose a lattice pinning strategy to construct a coherent interface between α-MoO3 and η-Mo4O11 with epitaxial intergrowth structure. Owing to the minimal lattice change of η-Mo4O11 during Li+ insertion/extraction, η-Mo4O11 domains serve as pin centers that can effectively suppress the lattice expansion of α-MoO3, evidenced by the noticeably decreased lattice expansion from about 16% to 2% along the b direction. The designed α-MoO3/η-Mo4O11 intergrown heterostructure enables robust structural stability during cycling (about 81% capacity retention after 3000 cycles at a specific current of 2 A g-1 and 298 ± 2 K) by harnessing the merits of epitaxial stabilization and the pinning effect. Finally, benefiting from the stable positive electrode-solid electrolyte interface, a highly durable and flexible all-solid-state thin-film lithium microbattery is further demonstrated. This work advances the fundamental understanding of the unstable structure evolution for α-MoO3, and may offer a rational strategy to develop highly stable electrode materials for advanced batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhen Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qiuying Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Liang Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xincheng Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Teng Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Dong Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 210094, Nanjing, PR China.
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18
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Hwang IH, Kelly SD, Chan MKY, Stavitski E, Heald SM, Han SW, Schwarz N, Sun CJ. The AXEAP2 program for Kβ X-ray emission spectra analysis using artificial intelligence. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:923-933. [PMID: 37526993 PMCID: PMC10481262 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523005684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The processing and analysis of synchrotron data can be a complex task, requiring specialized expertise and knowledge. Our previous work addressed the challenge of X-ray emission spectrum (XES) data processing by developing a standalone application using unsupervised machine learning. However, the task of analyzing the processed spectra remains another challenge. Although the non-resonant Kβ XES of 3d transition metals are known to provide electronic structure information such as oxidation and spin state, finding appropriate parameters to match experimental data is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. Here, a new XES data analysis method based on the genetic algorithm is demonstrated, applying it to Mn, Co and Ni oxides. This approach is also implemented as a standalone application, Argonne X-ray Emission Analysis 2 (AXEAP2), which finds a set of parameters that result in a high-quality fit of the experimental spectrum with minimal intervention. AXEAP2 is able to find a set of parameters that reproduce the experimental spectrum, and provide insights into the 3d electron spin state, 3d-3p electron exchange force and Kβ emission core-hole lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hui Hwang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Shelly D. Kelly
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Maria K. Y. Chan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY 11973, USA
| | - Steve M. Heald
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Han
- Department of Physics Education and Institute of Fusion Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas Schwarz
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Cheng-Jun Sun
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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19
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Zhao L, Yan P, Liu T, Wang X, Wang Z, Wu C, Bao W, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Xie J. Temperature-Driven Anisotropic Mg 2+ Doping for a Pillared LiCoO 2 Interlayer Surface in High-Voltage Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37379244 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) has the highest volumetric energy density among commercial cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries due to its high working voltage and compacted density. However, under high voltage (4.6 V), the capacity of LiCoO2 fades rapidly due to parasitic reactions of high-valent cobalt with the electrolyte and the loss of lattice oxygen at the interface. In this study, we report a temperature-driven anisotropic doping phenomenon of Mg2+ that results in surface-populated Mg2+ doping to the side of the (003) plane of LiCoO2. Mg2+ dopants enter the Li+ sites, lower the valence state of Co ions with less hybridization between the O 2p and Co 3d orbitals, promote the formation of surface Li+/Co2+ anti-sites, and suppress lattice oxygen loss on the surface. As a result, the modified LiCoO2 demonstrates excellent cycling performance under 4.6 V, reaching an energy density of 911.2 Wh/kg at 0.1C and retaining 92.7% (184.3 mAh g-1) of its capacity after 100 cycles at 1C. Our results highlight a promising avenue for enhancing the electrochemical performance of LiCoO2 by anisotropic surface doping with Mg2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianqi Zhao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Pu Yan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tianying Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Cong Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenda Bao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haiyin Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jin Xie
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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20
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Banday A, Shahid R, Gupta M, Murugavel S. Tunable electronic structure of heterosite FePO 4: an in-depth structural study and polaron transport. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18332-18346. [PMID: 37333798 PMCID: PMC10275275 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01366a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of better electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries has been intensively investigated both due to their fundamental scientific aspects as well as their usefulness in technological applications. The present technological development of rechargeable batteries is hindered by fundamental challenges, such as low energy and power density, short lifespan, and sluggish charge transport kinetics. Among the various anode materials proposed, heterosite FePO4 (h-FP) has been found to intercalate lithium and sodium ion hosts to obtain novel rechargeable batteries. The h-FP has been obtained via the delithiation of triphylite LiFePO4 (LFP), and its structural and electronic properties have been investigated with different crystallite sizes. The synchrotron XRD measurements followed by Rietveld refinement analysis reveal lattice expansion upon the reduction of crystallite size of h-FP. In addition, the decrease in the crystallite size enhances surface energy contributions, thereby creating more oxygen vacancies up to 2% for 21 nm crystallite size. The expansion in the lattice parameters is reflected in the vibrational properties of the h-FP structure, where the red-shift has been observed in the characteristic modes upon the reduction of crystallite size. The local environment of the transition metal ion and its bonding characteristics have been elucidated through soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with the effect of crystallite size. XAS unequivocally reveals the valence state of iron 3d electrons near the Fermi level, which is susceptible to local lattice distortion and uncovers the detailed information on the evolution of electronic states with crystallite size. The observed local lattice distortion has been considered to be as a result of the decrease in the level of covalency between the Fe-3d and O-2p states. Further, we demonstrate the structural advantages of nanosized h-FP on the transport properties, where an enhancement in the polaronic conductivity with decreasing crystallite size has been observed. The polaronic conduction mechanism has been analyzed and discussed on the basis of the Mott model of polaron conduction along with an insightful analysis on the role of the electronic structure. The present study provides spectroscopic results on the anode material that reveal the evolution of electronic states for fingerprinting, understanding, and optimizing it for advanced rechargeable battery operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeem Banday
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
| | - Raza Shahid
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi-110025 India
| | - Mukul Gupta
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus Khandwa Road Indore 452 001 India
| | - Sevi Murugavel
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi Delhi-110007 India
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21
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Jiang Z, Zhu X, Wang Z, Liu W, Yan W, Sivula K, Bao J. Edge-Sharing Octahedrally Coordinated NiFe Dual Active Sites on ZnFe 2 O 4 for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2301869. [PMID: 37261961 PMCID: PMC10401156 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The structural properties of octahedral sites (BOh ) in spinel oxides (AB2 O4 ) play vital roles in the electrochemical performance of oxygen-related reactions. However, the precise manipulation of AB2 O4 remains challenging due to the complexity of their crystal structure. Here, a simple and versatile molten-salt-mediated strategy is reported to introduce Ni2+ in Boh sites intentionally on the surface of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2 O4 , ZFO) to promote the active sites for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The as-created photoanode (ZFO-MSNi) shows a remarkable cathodic shift of ≈ 450 mV (turn-on voltage of ≈ 0.6 VRHE ) as well as three times the 1-sun photocurrent density at 1.23 VRHE for PEC water oxidation in comparison with bare ZFO. A comprehensive structural characterization clearly reveals the local structure of the introduced Ni2+ in ZFO-MSNi. Fewer surface trapping states are observed while the precisely introduced Ni2+ and associated neighboring Fe(3-σ)+ (0<σ<1) sites unite in an edge-sharing octahedral configuration to function as NiFe dual active sites for PEC water oxidation. Moreover, open circuit potential measurements and rapid-scan voltammetry investigation give further insight into the enhanced PEC performance. Overall, this work displays a versatile strategy to regulate the surface active sites of photoelectrodes for increasing performance in PEC solar energy conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Jiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Kevin Sivula
- Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials (LIMNO), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jun Bao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
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22
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Goodge BH, Geisler B, Lee K, Osada M, Wang BY, Li D, Hwang HY, Pentcheva R, Kourkoutis LF. Resolving the polar interface of infinite-layer nickelate thin films. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:466-473. [PMID: 36973543 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nickel-based superconductors provide a long-awaited experimental platform to explore possible cuprate-like superconductivity. Despite similar crystal structure and d electron filling, however, superconductivity in nickelates has thus far only been stabilized in thin-film geometry, raising questions about the polar interface between substrate and thin film. Here we conduct a detailed experimental and theoretical study of the prototypical interface between Nd1-xSrxNiO2 and SrTiO3. Atomic-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy in the scanning transmission electron microscope reveals the formation of a single intermediate Nd(Ti,Ni)O3 layer. Density functional theory calculations with a Hubbard U term show how the observed structure alleviates the polar discontinuity. We explore the effects of oxygen occupancy, hole doping and cation structure to disentangle the contributions of each for reducing interface charge density. Resolving the non-trivial interface structure will be instructive for future synthesis of nickelate films on other substrates and in vertical heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit H Goodge
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Benjamin Geisler
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Kyuho Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Motoki Osada
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bai Yang Wang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Danfeng Li
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Harold Y Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rossitza Pentcheva
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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23
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Wang K, Hua W, Huang X, Stenzel D, Wang J, Ding Z, Cui Y, Wang Q, Ehrenberg H, Breitung B, Kübel C, Mu X. Synergy of cations in high entropy oxide lithium ion battery anode. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1487. [PMID: 36932071 PMCID: PMC10023782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High entropy oxides (HEOs) with chemically disordered multi-cation structure attract intensive interest as negative electrode materials for battery applications. The outstanding electrochemical performance has been attributed to the high-entropy stabilization and the so-called 'cocktail effect'. However, the configurational entropy of the HEO, which is thermodynamically only metastable at room-temperature, is insufficient to drive the structural reversibility during conversion-type battery reaction, and the 'cocktail effect' has not been explained thus far. This work unveils the multi-cations synergy of the HEO Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2O at atomic and nanoscale during electrochemical reaction and explains the 'cocktail effect'. The more electronegative elements form an electrochemically inert 3-dimensional metallic nano-network enabling electron transport. The electrochemical inactive cation stabilizes an oxide nanophase, which is semi-coherent with the metallic phase and accommodates Li+ ions. This self-assembled nanostructure enables stable cycling of micron-sized particles, which bypasses the need for nanoscale pre-modification required for conventional metal oxides in battery applications. This demonstrates elemental diversity is the key for optimizing multi-cation electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Weibo Hua
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - David Stenzel
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Junbo Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ziming Ding
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yanyan Cui
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Qingsong Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Helmut Ehrenberg
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ben Breitung
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. .,Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany. .,Helmholtz-Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany. .,Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Xiaoke Mu
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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24
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Li H, Guo M, Zhou Z, Long R, Fang WH. Excitation-Wavelength-Dependent Charge-Carrier Lifetime in Hematite: An Insight from Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2448-2454. [PMID: 36867123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Experiments have reported that the photoexcited carrier lifetime in α-Fe2O3 has a significant excitation-wavelength dependence but leave the physical mechanism unresolved. In this work, we rationalize the puzzling excitation-wavelength dependence of the photoexcited carrier dynamics in Fe2O3 by performing nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulation based on the strongly constrained and appropriately normed functional, which accurately describes the electronic structure of Fe2O3. Photogenerated electrons with lower-energy excitation relax fast in the t2g conduction band within about 100 fs, while the photogenerated electrons with higher-energy excitation undergo first a slower interband relaxation from the eg lower state to the t2g upper state on a time scale of 135 ps, followed by the much faster t2g intraband relaxation. This study provides insight into the experimentally reported excitation-wavelength dependence of the carrier lifetime in Fe2O3 and a reference for regulating photogenerated carrier dynamics in transition-metal oxides through the light excitation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Meng Guo
- Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Centre in Jinan), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology, Jinan, Shandong 250101, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, P. R. China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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25
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Pan H, Chen X, López-Cartes C, Martínez-López J, Bu E, Delgado JJ. Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Cu-MnOx Catalysts for CO Oxidation: Effect of Cu:Mn Molar Ratio on their Structure and Catalytic Activity. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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26
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Flathmann C, Meyer T, Titova V, Schmidt J, Seibt M. Composition and electronic structure of [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]/Al passivating carrier selective contacts on n-type silicon solar cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3124. [PMID: 36813814 PMCID: PMC9946942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrier-selective and passivating SiO[Formula: see text]/TiO[Formula: see text] heterocontacts are an attractive alternative to conventional contacts due to their high efficiency potentials combined with relatively simple processing schemes. It is widely accepted that post deposition annealing is necessary to obtain high photovoltaic efficiencies, especially for full area aluminum metallized contacts. Despite some previous high-level electron microscopy studies, the picture of atomic-scale processes underlying this improvement seems to be incomplete. In this work, we apply nanoscale electron microscopy techniques to macroscopically well-characterized solar cells with SiO[Formula: see text]/TiO[Formula: see text]/Al rear contacts on n-type silicon. Macroscopically, annealed solar cells show a tremendous decrease of series resistance and improved interface passivation. Analyzing the microscopic composition and electronic structure of the contacts, we find that partial intermixing of the SiO[Formula: see text] and TiO[Formula: see text] layers occurs due to annealing, leading to an apparent thickness reduction of the passivating SiO[Formula: see text]. However, the electronic structure of the layers remains clearly distinct. Hence, we conclude that the key to obtain highly efficient SiO[Formula: see text]/TiO[Formula: see text]/Al contacts is to tailor the processing such that the excellent chemical interface passivation of a SiO[Formula: see text] layer is achieved for a layer thin enough to allow efficient tunneling through the layer. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of aluminum metallization on the above mentioned processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Flathmann
- 4th Institute of Physics– Solids and Nanostructures, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Meyer
- 4th Institute of Physics– Solids and Nanostructures, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Materials Physics, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Valeriya Titova
- Institute for Solar Energy Research Hamelin (ISFH), 31860 Emmerthal, Germany
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Schmidt
- Institute for Solar Energy Research Hamelin (ISFH), 31860 Emmerthal, Germany
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Seibt
- 4th Institute of Physics– Solids and Nanostructures, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Luo H, Liu H, Huang H, Song Y, Tucker MG, Sun Z, Yao Y, Gao B, Ren Y, Tang M, Qi H, Deng S, Zhang S, Chen J. Achieving giant electrostrain of above 1% in (Bi,Na)TiO 3-based lead-free piezoelectrics via introducing oxygen-defect composition. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade7078. [PMID: 36735779 PMCID: PMC9897659 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade7078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Piezoelectric ceramics have been extensively used in actuators, where the magnitude of electrostrain is key indicator for large-stroke actuation applications. Here, we propose an innovative strategy based on defect chemistry to form a defect-engineered morphotropic phase boundary and achieve a giant strain of 1.12% in lead-free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)-based ceramics. The incorporation of the hypothetical perovskite BaAlO2.5 with nominal oxygen defect into BNT will form strongly polarized directional defect dipoles, leading to a strong pinning effect after aging. The large asymmetrical strain is mainly attributed to two factors: The defect dipoles along crystallographic [001] direction destroy the long-range ordering of the ferroelectric and activate a reversible phase transition while promoting polarization rotation when the dipoles are aligned along the applied electric field. Our results not only demonstrate the potential application of BNT-based materials in low-frequency, large-stroke actuators but also provide a general methodology to achieve large strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Houbing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Matthew G. Tucker
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Zheng Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yonghao Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baitao Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingxue Tang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094, China
| | - He Qi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shiqing Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jun Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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28
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Duan X, Zhao T, Niu B, Wei Z, Li G, Zhang Z, Cheng J, Hao Z. Simultaneously Constructing Active Sites and Regulating Mn-O Strength of Ru-Substituted Perovskite for Efficient Oxidation and Hydrolysis Oxidation of Chlorobenzene. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205054. [PMID: 36437038 PMCID: PMC9875690 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are a class of hazardous pollutants that severely threaten environmental safety and human health. Although the catalytic oxidation technique for CVOCs elimination is effective, enhancing the catalytic efficiency and simultaneously inhibiting the production of organic byproducts is still of great challenge. Herein, Ru-substituted LaMn(Ru)O3+ δ perovskite with Ru-O-Mn structure and weakened Mn-O bond strength has been developed for catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene (CB). The formed Ru-O-Mn structure serves as favorable sites for CB adsorption and activation, while the weakening of Mn-O bond strength facilitates the formation of active oxygen species and improves oxygen mobility and catalyst reducibility. Therefore, LaMn(Ru)O3+ δ exhibits superior low-temperature activity with the temperature of 90% CB conversion decreasing by over 90 °C compared with pristine perovskite, and the deep oxidation of chlorinated byproducts produced in low temperature is also accelerated. Furthermore, the introduction of water vapor into reaction system triggers the process of hydrolysis oxidation that promotes CB destruction and inhibits the generation of chlorinated byproducts, due to the higher-activity *OOH species generated from the dissociated H2 O reacting with adsorbed oxygen. This work can provide a unique, high-efficiency, and facile strategy for CVOCs degradation and environmental improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Ben Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Zheng Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Ganggang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Zhongshen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Jie Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
| | - Zhengping Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & TechnologyResearch Center for Environmental Material and Pollution Control TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101408P. R. China
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29
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Low-voltage anodizing of copper in sodium bicarbonate solutions. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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30
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Guan X, Han R, Asakura H, Wang Z, Xu S, Wang B, Kang L, Liu Y, Marlow S, Tanaka T, Guo Y, Wang FR. Designing Reactive Bridging O 2- at the Atomic Cu-O-Fe Site for Selective NH 3 Oxidation. ACS Catal 2022; 12:15207-15217. [PMID: 36570079 PMCID: PMC9764355 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surface oxidation chemistry involves the formation and breaking of metal-oxygen (M-O) bonds. Ideally, the M-O bonding strength determines the rate of oxygen absorption and dissociation. Here, we design reactive bridging O2- species within the atomic Cu-O-Fe site to accelerate such oxidation chemistry. Using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge and density functional theory calculations, it is found that such bridging O2- has a lower antibonding orbital energy and thus weaker Cu-O/Fe-O strength. In selective NH3 oxidation, the weak Cu-O/Fe-O bond enables fast Cu redox for NH3 conversion and direct NO adsorption via Cu-O-NO to promote N-N coupling toward N2. As a result, 99% N2 selectivity at 100% conversion is achieved at 573 K, exceeding most of the reported results. This result suggests the importance to design, determine, and utilize the unique features of bridging O2- in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Guan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Rong Han
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Functional
Materials Lab, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka577-8502, Japan,Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Siyuan Xu
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Liqun Kang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Yiyun Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Sushila Marlow
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Tsunehiro Tanaka
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China,
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.,
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31
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Chen S, Zhang Q, Li X, Zhao J, Lin S, Jin Q, Hong H, Huon A, Charlton T, Li Q, Yan W, Wang J, Ge C, Wang C, Wang B, Fitzsimmons MR, Guo H, Gu L, Yin W, Jin KJ, Guo EJ. Atomically engineered cobaltite layers for robust ferromagnetism. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq3981. [PMID: 36306366 PMCID: PMC9616489 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Emergent phenomena at heterointerfaces are directly associated with the bonding geometry of adjacent layers. Effective control of accessible parameters, such as the bond length and bonding angles, offers an elegant method to tailor competing energies of the electronic and magnetic ground states. In this study, we construct unit-thick syntactic layers of cobaltites within a strongly tilted octahedral matrix via atomically precise synthesis. The octahedral tilt patterns of adjacent layers propagate into cobaltites, leading to a continuation of octahedral tilting while maintaining substantial misfit tensile strain. These effects induce severe rumpling within an atomic plane of neighboring layers, further triggering the electronic reconstruction between the splitting orbitals. First-principles calculations reveal that the cobalt ions transit to a higher spin state level upon octahedral tilting, resulting in robust ferromagnetism in ultrathin cobaltites. This work demonstrates a design methodology for fine-tuning the lattice and spin degrees of freedom in correlated quantum heterostructures by exploiting epitaxial geometric engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengru Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xujing Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiao Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haitao Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Amanda Huon
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Timothy Charlton
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Qian Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Jiaou Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Baotian Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Michael R. Fitzsimmons
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
- Corresponding author. (W.Y.); (K.-j.J.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Kui-juan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Corresponding author. (W.Y.); (K.-j.J.); (E.J.G.)
| | - Er Jia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
- Corresponding author. (W.Y.); (K.-j.J.); (E.J.G.)
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32
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Lovesey SW, van der Laan G. Ligand-metal bonding effects in resonance enhanced x-ray Bragg diffraction. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:475601. [PMID: 35785775 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine covalently bonded to an open shell metal is present in many materials with desirable or intriguing physical properties. Materials include highly luminescent nontoxic alternatives to lead halide perovskites for optoelectronic applications K2CuCl3and Rb2CuCl3, enantiomorphic CsCuCl3that presents magneto-chiral dichroism at a low temperature, and cubic K2RuCl6that possesses a singlet ground state generated by antiparallel spin and orbital angular momenta. Structural chirality of CsCuCl3has been confirmed by resonant x-ray Bragg diffraction. We explore likely benefits of the technique at the chlorine K-edge using a symmetry informed method of calculation applied to chlorine multipoles. Already, a low energy feature in corresponding x-ray absorption spectra of many compounds has been related to the chlorine-metal bond. Bragg diffraction from chlorine in cubic K2RuCl6is treated in detail. Diffraction patterns for rhombohedral compounds that present space-group forbidden Bragg spots are found to be relatively simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lovesey
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - G van der Laan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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33
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Electron delocalization triggers nonradical Fenton-like catalysis over spinel oxides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201607119. [PMID: 35878043 PMCID: PMC9351537 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201607119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonradical Fenton-like catalysis offers opportunities to overcome the low efficiency and secondary pollution limitations of existing advanced oxidation decontamination technologies, but realizing this on transition metal spinel oxide catalysts remains challenging due to insufficient understanding of their catalytic mechanisms. Here, we explore the origins of catalytic selectivity of Fe-Mn spinel oxide and identify electron delocalization of the surface metal active site as the key driver of its nonradical catalysis. Through fine-tuning the crystal geometry to trigger Fe-Mn superexchange interaction at the spinel octahedra, ZnFeMnO4 with high-degree electron delocalization of the Mn-O unit was created to enable near 100% nonradical activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) at unprecedented utilization efficiency. The resulting surface-bound PMS* complex can efficiently oxidize electron-rich pollutants with extraordinary degradation activity, selectivity, and good environmental robustness to favor water decontamination applications. Our work provides a molecule-level understanding of the catalytic selectivity and bimetallic interactions of Fe-Mn spinel oxides, which may guide the design of low-cost spinel oxides for more selective and efficient decontamination applications.
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34
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Sikdar MK, Singh A, Bhakta S, Sahoo M, Jha SN, Shukla DK, Kanjilal D, Sahoo PK. Modulation of intrinsic defects in vertically grown ZnO nanorods by ion implantation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18255-18264. [PMID: 35876232 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02514k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic defects created by chemically inert gas (Xe) ion implantation in vertically grown ZnO nanorods are studied by optical and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The surface defects produced due to dynamic sputtering by ion beams control the fraction of O and Zn with ion fluence, which helps in tuning the optoelectronic properties. The forbidden Raman modes related to Zn interstitials and oxygen vacancies are observed because of the weak Fröhlich interaction, which arises due to disruption of the long-range lattice order. The evolution of the lattice disorder is identified by O K-edge and Zn K-edge scans of XAS. The hybridization strength between the O 2p and Zn 4p states increases with ion fluence and modulates the impact of intrinsic defects. The ion irradiation induced defects also construct intermediate defects bands which reduce the optical bandgap. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to correlate the experimentally observed trend of bandgap narrowing with the origin of electronic states related to Zn interstitial and O vacancy defects within the forbidden energy gap in ZnO. Our finding can be beneficial to achieve enhanced conductivity in ZnO by accurately varying the intrinsic defects through ion irradiation, which may work as a tuning knob to control the optoelectronic properties of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal K Sikdar
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Odisha - 752050, India.
| | - Avanendra Singh
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Odisha - 752050, India. .,Plasmonics and Perovskites Laboratory (PPL), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, U.P., India
| | - Sourav Bhakta
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Odisha - 752050, India.
| | - Madhusmita Sahoo
- Thin Film and Coatings Section, Surface and Nanoscience Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, India
| | - S N Jha
- Beamline Development and Application Section, BARC, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - D K Shukla
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore - 452001, India
| | - D Kanjilal
- Inter-University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Pratap K Sahoo
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, Odisha - 752050, India.
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35
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Liang G, Olsson E, Zou J, Wu Z, Li J, Lu C, D'Angelo AM, Johannessen B, Thomsen L, Cowie B, Peterson VK, Cai Q, Pang WK, Guo Z. Introducing 4
s
–2
p
Orbital Hybridization to Stabilize Spinel Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201969. [PMID: 35467801 PMCID: PMC9320803 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemeng Liang
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Emilia Olsson
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UK
| | - Jinshuo Zou
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
| | - Zhibin Wu
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Jingxi Li
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | | | - Anita M. D'Angelo
- Australian Synchrotron Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, VIC Australia
| | - Bernt Johannessen
- Australian Synchrotron Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, VIC Australia
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, VIC Australia
| | - Bruce Cowie
- Australian Synchrotron Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, VIC Australia
| | - Vanessa K. Peterson
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization Sydney Australia
| | - Qiong Cai
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UK
| | - Wei Kong Pang
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Zaiping Guo
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong, NSW Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia
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36
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Wlodarczyk D, Amilusik M, Kosyl KM, Chrunik M, Lawniczak-Jablonska K, Strankowski M, Zajac M, Tsiumra V, Grochot A, Reszka A, Suchocki A, Giela T, Iwanowski P, Bockowski M, Przybylinska H. Synthesis Attempt and Structural Studies of Novel A 2CeWO 6 Double Perovskites (A 2+ = Ba, Ca) in and outside of Ambient Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:18382-18408. [PMID: 35694470 PMCID: PMC9178617 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive work showcases two novel, rock-salt-type minerals in the form of amphoteric cerium-tungstate double perovskite and ilmenite powders created via a high-temperature solid-state reaction in inert gases. The presented studies have fundamental meaning and will mainly focus on a detailed synthesis description of undoped structures, researching their possible polymorphism in various conditions and hinting at some nontrivial physicochemical properties like charge transfer for upcoming optical studies after eventual doping with selectively chosen rare-earth ions. The formerly mentioned, targeted A2BB'X6 group of compounds contains mainly divalent alkali cations in the form of XIIA = Ba2+, Ca2+ sharing, here, oxygen-arranged clusters (IIX = O2-) with purposely selected central ions from f-block VIB = Ce4/3+ and d-block VIB' = W4/5/6+ since together they often possess some exotic properties that could be tuned and implemented into futuristic equipment like sensors or energy converters. Techniques like powder XRD, XPS, XAS, EPR, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopies alongside DSC and TG were involved with an intent to thoroughly describe any possible changes within these materials. Mainly, to have a full prospect of any desirable or undesirable phenomena before diving into more complicated subjects like: energy or charge transfer in low temperatures; to reveal whether or not the huge angular tilting generates large enough dislocations within the material's unit cell to change its initial properties; or if temperature and pressure stimuli are responsible for any phase transitions and eventual, irreversible decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Wlodarczyk
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mikolaj Amilusik
- Institute
of High Pressure, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, PL-01142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna M. Kosyl
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Chrunik
- Military
University of Technology, Gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, PL-00908 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Michal Strankowski
- Chemical
Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Zajac
- Solaris
Synchrotron NSRC, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, PL-30392 Cracow, Poland
| | - Volodymyr Tsiumra
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Grochot
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Reszka
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Suchocki
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Giela
- Solaris
Synchrotron NSRC, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, PL-30392 Cracow, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Iwanowski
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Bockowski
- Institute
of High Pressure, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, PL-01142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanka Przybylinska
- Institute
of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ave. Lotnikow 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
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37
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Uemura Y, Ismail ASM, Park SH, Kwon S, Kim M, Elnaggar H, Frati F, Wadati H, Hirata Y, Zhang Y, Yamagami K, Yamamoto S, Matsuda I, Halisdemir U, Koster G, Milne C, Ammann M, Weckhuysen BM, de Groot FMF. Hole Dynamics in Photoexcited Hematite Studied with Femtosecond Oxygen K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4207-4214. [PMID: 35512383 PMCID: PMC9125685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is a photoelectrode for the water splitting process because of its relatively narrow bandgap and abundance in the earth's crust. In this study, the photoexcited state of a hematite thin film was investigated with femtosecond oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at the PAL-XFEL in order to follow the dynamics of its photoexcited states. The 200 fs decay time of the hole state in the valence band was observed via its corresponding XAS feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Uemura
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry, Energy and Environment Research Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
- European
XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869, Germany
| | - Ahmed S. M. Ismail
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Sang Han Park
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Soonnam Kwon
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- PAL-XFEL, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Hebatalla Elnaggar
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Frati
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Hiroki Wadati
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Graduate
School of Material Science, University of
Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hirata
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamagami
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Susumu Yamamoto
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ufuk Halisdemir
- Faculty
of
Science and Technology and MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 2171, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Koster
- Faculty
of
Science and Technology and MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 2171, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Milne
- European
XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869, Germany
- SwissFEL, Paul
Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Markus Ammann
- Laboratory
of Environmental Chemistry, Energy and Environment Research Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitslaan 99, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
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38
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Introducing 4
s
–2
p
Orbital Hybridization to Stabilize Spinel Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Cheng C, Chen C, Chu S, Hu H, Yan T, Xia X, Feng X, Guo J, Sun D, Wu J, Guo S, Zhang L. Enhancing the Reversibility of Lattice Oxygen Redox Through Modulated Transition Metal-Oxygen Covalency for Layered Battery Electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201152. [PMID: 35315130 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing reversible lattice oxygen redox (OR) in battery electrodes is an essential strategy to overcome the capacity limitation set by conventional transition metal redox. However, lattice OR reactions are often accompanied with irreversible oxygen oxidation, leading to local structural transformations and voltage/capacity fading. Herein, it is proposed that the reversibility of lattice OR can be remarkably improved through modulating transition metal-oxygen covalency for layered electrode of Na-ion batteries. By developing a novel layered P2-Na0.6 Mg0.15 Mn0.7 Cu0.15 O2 electrode, it is demonstrated that the highly electronegative Cu dopants can improve the lattice OR reversibility to 95% compared to 73% for Cu-free counterpart, as directly quantified through high-efficiency mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Crucially, the large energetic overlap between Cu 3d and O 2p states dictates the rigidity of oxygen framework, which effectively mitigates the structural distortion of local oxygen environment upon (de)sodiation and leads to the enhanced lattice OR reversibility. The electrode also exhibits a completely solid-solution reaction with an ultralow volume change of only 0.45% and a reversible metal migration upon cycling, which together ensure the improved electrochemical performance. These results emphasize the critical role of transition metal-oxygen covalency for enhancing the reversibility of lattice OR toward high-capacity electrodes employing OR chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shiyong Chu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Haolv Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tianran Yan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiao Xia
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Dan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shaohua Guo
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
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40
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Huang W, Lin C, Qiu J, Li S, Chen Z, Chen H, Zhao W, Ren G, Li X, Zhang M, Pan F. Delocalized Li@Mn6 superstructure units enable layer stability of high-performance Mn-rich cathode materials. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Su L, Huyan H, Sarkar A, Gao W, Yan X, Addiego C, Kruk R, Hahn H, Pan X. Direct observation of elemental fluctuation and oxygen octahedral distortion-dependent charge distribution in high entropy oxides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2358. [PMID: 35487934 PMCID: PMC9055071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced compositional flexibility to incorporate multiple-principal cations in high entropy oxides (HEOs) offers the opportunity to expand boundaries for accessible compositions and unconventional properties in oxides. Attractive functionalities have been reported in some bulk HEOs, which are attributed to the long-range compositional homogeneity, lattice distortion, and local chemical bonding characteristics in materials. However, the intricate details of local composition fluctuation, metal-oxygen bond distortion and covalency are difficult to visualize experimentally, especially on the atomic scale. Here, we study the atomic structure-chemical bonding-property correlations in a series of perovskite-HEOs utilizing the recently developed four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy techniques which enables to determine the structure, chemical bonding, electric field, and charge density on the atomic scale. The existence of compositional fluctuations along with significant composition-dependent distortion of metal-oxygen bonds is observed. Consequently, distinct variations of metal-oxygen bonding covalency are shown by the real-space charge-density distribution maps with sub-ångström resolution. The observed atomic features not only provide a realistic picture of the local physico-chemistry of chemically complex HEOs but can also be directly correlated to their distinctive magneto-electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Huaixun Huyan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Abhishek Sarkar
- KIT-TUD-Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Wenpei Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xingxu Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Christopher Addiego
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Robert Kruk
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Horst Hahn
- KIT-TUD-Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials, Technical University Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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42
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Liu Z, Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Shen X, Zhang Q, Lin HJ, Chen CT, Hu Z, Yang Y, Ma J, Yu R, Wang X, Wang Z, Chen L. Feasibility to Improve the Stability of Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides by Surface Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:18353-18359. [PMID: 35417137 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich layer-structured oxides are considered promising cathode materials for their specific capacities above 250 mAh·g-1. However, the drawbacks such as poor rate performance, fast capacity fading, and the continuous transition metal (TM) migration into the Li layer hinder their commercial applications. To address these issues, surface doping of Ti and Zr was conducted to the Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide (LMR), Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2. The drop of the average discharge potentials of the Ti- and Zr-doped LMR was reduced by 593 and 346 mV in 100 cycles, respectively. With aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy, we clarified that Ti4+ and Zr4+ ions are located near the surface of the material, anchor the surface oxygen, and stabilize the LMR structure. The difference in the strengths of the Ti-O and Zr-O bonds and the doping-resultant electronic structures were determined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (SXAS), responsible for the electrochemical performance of surface-doped materials. These findings verify our modification strategies to enhance the cycling performances of the promising LMR cathode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Material Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Material Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- College of Material Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Ji Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chine-Te Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Yuan Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Richeng Yu
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Material Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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43
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Majumder S, Tripathi M, Píš I, Nappini S, Rajput P, Jha SN, Choudhary RJ, Phase DM. Robust electronic and tunable magnetic states in Sm 2 NiMnO 6ferromagnetic insulator. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:255502. [PMID: 35354127 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac62a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ferromagnetic insulators (FM-Is) are the materials of interest for the new generation quantum electronic applications. Here, we have investigated the physical observables depicting FM-I ground states in epitaxial Sm2NiMnO6(SNMO) double perovskite thin films fabricated under different conditions to realize the different level of Ni/Mn anti-site disorders (ASDs). The presence of ASDs immensely influence the characteristic magnetic and anisotropy behaviors in SNMO system by introducing short scale antiferromagnetic interactions in predominant long range FM ordered host matrix. Charge disproportion between cation sites, in the form of Ni2++ Mn4+→ Ni3++ Mn3+, causes mixed valency in both Ni and Mn species, which is found insensitive to ASD concentrations. Temperature dependent photo emission, photo absorption measurements duly combined with cluster model configuration interaction simulations, suggest that the eigenstates of Ni and Mn cations can be satisfactorily described as a linear combination of the unscreeneddnand screeneddn+1L̲(L̲: O 2phole) states. The electronic structure across the Fermi level (EF) exhibits closely spaced Ni 3d, Mn 3dand O 2pstates. From occupied and unoccupied bands, estimated values of the Coulomb repulsion energy (U) and ligand to metal charge transfer energy (Δ), indicate charge transfer insulating nature, where remarkable modification in Ni/Mn 3d-O 2phybridization takes place across the FM transition temperature. Existence of ASD broadens the Ni, Mn 3dspectral features, whereas the spectral positions are found to be unaltered. Hereby, present work demonstrates SNMO thin film as a FM-I system, where the FM state can be tuned by manipulating ASD in the crystal structure, while the I state remains intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriyo Majumder
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore 452001, India
| | - Malvika Tripathi
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore 452001, India
| | - I Píš
- Elettra Sicrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14-km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- IOM CNR, Laboratorio TASC, S.S. 14-km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Nappini
- IOM CNR, Laboratorio TASC, S.S. 14-km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - P Rajput
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S N Jha
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - R J Choudhary
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore 452001, India
| | - D M Phase
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore 452001, India
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44
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Ali M, Tsud N, Meena SS, Murugavel S. Size dependent electronic structure of LiFePO 4 probed using X-ray absorption and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9695-9706. [PMID: 35412543 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00411a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the combined Mössbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigation of the electronic structure and local site symmetry of Fe in olivine structured LiFePO4 (LFP) with crystallite size (CS). The lattice parameters are found to contract with a decrease in CS, monotonously, whereas the electronic structural parameters exhibit two different regions with a threshold anomaly of around ≈30 nm. 57Fe Mössbauer studies reveal the coexistence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ sites and their relative concentrations are mainly determined by CS, which provides a comprehensive insight into the electronic structure of LFP at the mesoscopic level. The soft X-ray absorption unequivocally unravels the valence states of Fe 3d electrons in proximity to the Fermi level, which are prone to the local lattice distortion. The obtained spectra fingerprint the effect of CS supplying rich information on valency, lithium-ion vacancy concentration, covalency and crystal field. By comparing the spectra with the results of charge-transfer multiplet calculations, which include the full-atomic multiplet theory, we have found that the local symmetry of Fe ions is well described by the D4h point group with intermixing between eg and t2g orbitals. The unique structural and electronic properties of LFP are closely interlinked with changes in the bonding character, which shows the strong dependency on CS. The evolution of 3d states is in overall agreement with the local lattice distortion and provides the origin of the size effects on the electronic structure of olivine phosphate and other transition metal ion-containing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboob Ali
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
| | - Nataliya Tsud
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sher Singh Meena
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Sevi Murugavel
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
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Ma Z, Tsounis C, Toe CY, Kumar PV, Subhash B, Xi S, Yang HY, Zhou S, Lin Z, Wu KH, Wong RJ, Thomsen L, Bedford NM, Lu X, Ng YH, Han Z, Amal R. Reconstructing Cu Nanoparticle Supported on Vertical Graphene Surfaces via Electrochemical Treatment to Tune the Selectivity of CO 2 Reduction toward Valuable Products. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Constantine Tsounis
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
| | - Cui Ying Toe
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Bijil Subhash
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical & Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Pesek Road, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Hui Ying Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 20 Dover Drive, Singapore 138682, Singapore
| | - Shujie Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zeheng Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kuang-Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Roong Jien Wong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education, 1 CREATE Way, Singapore 138602 Singapore
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Nicholas M. Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Xunyu Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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46
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Biswas S, Baker LR. Extreme Ultraviolet Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy: Probing Dynamics at Surfaces from a Molecular Perspective. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:893-903. [PMID: 35238529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet light sources based on high harmonic generation are enabling the development of novel spectroscopic methods to help advance the frontiers of ultrafast science and technology. In this Account, we discuss the development of extreme ultraviolet reflection-absorption (XUV-RA) spectroscopy at near grazing incident reflection geometry and highlight recent applications of this method to study ultrafast electron dynamics at surfaces. Measuring core-to-valence transitions with broadband, femtosecond pulses of XUV light extends the benefits of X-ray absorption spectroscopy to a laboratory tabletop by providing a chemical fingerprint of materials, including the ability to resolve individual elements with sensitivity to oxidation state, spin state, carrier polarity, and coordination geometry. Combining this chemical state sensitivity with femtosecond time resolution provides new insight into the material properties that govern charge carrier dynamics in complex materials. It is well-known that surface dynamics differ significantly from equivalent processes in bulk materials and that charge separation, trapping, transport, and recombination occurring uniquely at surfaces govern the efficiency of numerous technologically relevant processes spanning photocatalysis, photovoltaics, and information storage and processing. Importantly, XUV-RA spectroscopy at near grazing angle is also surface sensitive with a probe depth of ∼3 nm, providing a new window into electronic and structural dynamics at surfaces and interfaces. Here we highlight the unique capabilities and recent applications of XUV-RA spectroscopy to study photoinduced surface dynamics in metal oxide semiconductors, including photocatalytic oxides (Fe2O3, Co3O4 NiO, and CuFeO2) as well as photoswitchable magnetic oxide (CoFe2O4). We first compare the ultrafast electron self-trapping rates via small polaron formation at the surface and bulk of Fe2O3 where we note that the energetics and kinetics of this process differ significantly at the surface. Additionally, we demonstrate the ability to systematically tune this kinetics by molecular functionalization, thereby providing a route to control carrier transport at surfaces. We also measure the spectral signatures of charge transfer excitons with site specific localization of both electrons and holes in a series of transition metal oxide semiconductors (Fe2O3, NiO, Co3O4). The presence of valence band holes probed at the oxygen L1-edge confirms a direct relationship between the metal-oxygen bond covalency and water oxidation efficiency. For a mixed metal oxide CuFeO2 in the layered delafossite structure, XUV-RA reveals that the sub-picosecond hole thermalization from O 2p to Cu 3d states of CuFeO2 leads to the spatial separation of electrons and holes, resulting in exceptional photocatalytic performance for H2 evolution and CO2 reduction of this material. Finally, we provide an example to show the ability of XUV-RA to probe spin state specific dynamics in a photoswitchable ferrimagnet, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4). This study provides a detailed understating of ultrafast spin switching in a complex magnetic material with site-specific resolution. In summary, the applications of XUV-RA spectroscopy demonstrated here illustrate the current abilities and future promise of this method to extend molecule-level understanding from well-defined photochemical complexes to complex materials so that charge and spin dynamics at surfaces can be tuned with the precision of molecular photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - L. Robert Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Hwang YY, Han JH, Park SH, Jung JE, Lee NK, Lee YJ. Understanding anion-redox reactions in cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries through in situcharacterization techniques: a review. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:182003. [PMID: 35042200 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4c60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density increases, the interest in lithium-rich oxide (LRO) with extraordinarily high capacities is surging. The capacity of LRO cathodes exceeds that of conventional layered oxides. This has been attributed to the redox contribution from both cations and anions, either sequentially or simultaneously. However, LROs with notable anion redox suffer from capacity loss and voltage decay during cycling. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of their electrochemical behaviors and related structural evolution is a prerequisite for the successful development of high-capacity LRO cathodes with anion redox activity. However, there is still controversy over their electrochemical behavior and principles of operation. In addition, complicated redox mechanisms and the lack of sufficient analytical tools render the basic study difficult. In this review, we aim to introduce theoretical insights into the anion redox mechanism andin situanalytical instruments that can be used to prove the mechanism and behavior of cathodes with anion redox activity. We summarized the anion redox phenomenon, suggested mechanisms, and discussed the history of development for anion redox in cathode materials of LIBs. Finally, we review the recent progress in identification of reaction mechanisms in LROs and validation of engineering strategies to improve cathode performance based on anion redox through various analytical tools, particularly,in situcharacterization techniques. Because unexpected phenomena may occur during cycling, it is crucial to study the kinetic properties of materialsin situunder operating conditions, especially for this newly investigated anion redox phenomenon. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the future direction of studies on materials with anion redox activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yeong Hwang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Han
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Hui Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Kyeong Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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48
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Lee MD, Lee GJ, Nam I, Abbas MA, Bang JH. Exploring the Effect of Cation Vacancies in TiO 2: Lithiation Behavior of n-Type and p-Type TiO 2. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6560-6569. [PMID: 35089708 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 offers several advantages over graphite as an anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) but suffers from low electrical conductivity and Li-diffusion issues. Control over defect chemistry has proven to be an effective strategy to overcome these issues. However, defect engineering has primarily been focused on oxygen vacancies (VO). The role of another intrinsic TiO2 vacancy [i.e., titanium vacancies (VTi)] with regard to the Li+ storage behavior of TiO2 has largely evaded attention. Hence, a comparison of VO- and VTi-defective TiO2 can provide valuable insight into how these two types of defects affect Li+ storage behavior. To eliminate other factors that may also affect the Li+ storage behavior of TiO2, we carefully devised synthesis protocols to prepare TiO2 with either VO (n-TiO2) or VTi (p-TiO2). Both TiO2 materials were verified to have a very similar morphology, surface area, and crystal structure. Although VO provided additional sites that improved the capacity at low C-rates, the benefit obtained from over-lithiation turned out to be detrimental to cycling stability. Unlike VO, VTi could not serve as an additional lithium reservoir but could significantly improve the rate performance of TiO2. More importantly, the presence of VTi prevented over-lithiation, significantly improving the cycling stability of TiO2. We believe that these new insights could help guide the development of high-performance TiO2 for LIB applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moo Dong Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Jun Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Nam
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Intelligent Energy and Industry, Institute of Energy Converting Soft Materials, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad A Abbas
- Nanosensor Research Institute, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Bang
- Nanosensor Research Institute, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Feng Z, Song H, Li Y, Lyu Y, Xiao D, Guo B. Adjusting Oxygen Redox Reaction and Structural Stability of Li- and Mn-Rich Cathodes by Zr-Ti Dual-Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5308-5317. [PMID: 35073038 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Li- and Mn-rich cathodes (LMRs) with cationic and anionic redox reactions are considered as promising cathode materials for high-energy-density Li-ion batteries. However, the oxygen redox process leads to lattice oxygen loss and structure degradation, which would induce serious voltage fade and capacity loss and thus limit the practical application. High-valent and electrochemical inactive d0 element doping is an effective method to tune the crystal and electronic structures, which are the main factors for the electrochemical stability. Herein, noticeably inhibited oxygen loss, reduced voltage fade, enhanced rate performance, and improved structure stability and thermal stability of LMRs have been realized by Ti4+ and Zr4+ dual-doping. The underlying modulation mechanisms are unraveled by combining differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, soft X-ray absorption spectroscopies, in situ XRD measurements, etc. The dual-doping reduces the covalency of the TM-O bond, mitigates the irreversible oxygen release during the oxygen redox, and stabilizes the layered framework. The expanded lithium layer facilitates the lithium diffusion kinetics and structure stability. This study may result in the fundamental understanding of crystal and electronic structure evolution in LMRs and contribute to the development of high capacity cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Feng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hui Song
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuanhang Li
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yingchun Lyu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Dongdong Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Bingkun Guo
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Shi J, Rubinstein EA, Li W, Zhang J, Yang Y, Lee T, Qin C, Yan P, MacManus‐Driscoll JL, Scanlon DO, Zhang KH. Modulation of the Bi 3+ 6s 2 Lone Pair State in Perovskites for High-Mobility p-Type Oxide Semiconductors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104141. [PMID: 34997681 PMCID: PMC8867164 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxide semiconductors are key materials in many technologies from flat-panel displays,solar cells to transparent electronics. However, many potential applications are hindered by the lack of high mobility p-type oxide semiconductors due to the localized O-2p derived valence band (VB) structure. In this work, the VB structure modulation is reported for perovskite Ba2 BiMO6 (M = Bi, Nb, Ta) via the Bi 6s2 lone pair state to achieve p-type oxide semiconductors with high hole mobility up to 21 cm2 V-1 s-1 , and optical bandgaps widely varying from 1.5 to 3.2 eV. Pulsed laser deposition is used to grow high quality epitaxial thin films. Synergistic combination of hard x-ray photoemission, x-ray absorption spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations are used to gain insight into the electronic structure of Ba2 BiMO6 . The high mobility is attributed to the highly dispersive VB edges contributed from the strong coupling of Bi 6s with O 2p at the top of VB that lead to low hole effective masses (0.4-0.7 me ). Large variation in bandgaps results from the change in the energy positions of unoccupied Bi 6s orbital or Nb/Ta d orbitals that form the bottom of conduction band. P-N junction diode constructed with p-type Ba2 BiTaO6 and n-type Nb doped SrTiO3 exhibits high rectifying ratio of 1.3 × 104 at ±3 V, showing great potential in fabricating high-quality devices. This work provides deep insight into the electronic structure of Bi3+ based perovskites and guides the development of new p-type oxide semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jueli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Ethan A. Rubinstein
- Department of Chemistry and Thomas Young CentreUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Weiwei Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and PhysicsCollege of ScienceNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - Jiaye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Ye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Tien‐Lin Lee
- Diamond Light Source Ltd.Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX11 0DEUK
| | - Changdong Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of SolidsFaculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of SolidsFaculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China
| | - Judith L. MacManus‐Driscoll
- Department of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversity of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB3 0FSUK
| | - David O. Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry and Thomas Young CentreUniversity College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Kelvin H.L. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
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