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Wang S, Dyksik M, Lampe C, Gramlich M, Maude DK, Baranowski M, Urban AS, Plochocka P, Surrente A. Thickness-Dependent Dark-Bright Exciton Splitting and Phonon Bottleneck in CsPbBr 3-Based Nanoplatelets Revealed via Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:7011-7019. [PMID: 36036573 PMCID: PMC9479212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The optimized exploitation of perovskite nanocrystals and nanoplatelets as highly efficient light sources requires a detailed understanding of the energy spacing within the exciton manifold. Dark exciton states are particularly relevant because they represent a channel that reduces radiative efficiency. Here, we apply large in-plane magnetic fields to brighten optically inactive states of CsPbBr3-based nanoplatelets for the first time. This approach allows us to access the dark states and directly determine the dark-bright splitting, which reaches 22 meV for the thinnest nanoplatelets. The splitting is significantly less for thicker nanoplatelets due to reduced exciton confinement. Additionally, the form of the magneto-PL spectrum suggests that dark and bright state populations are nonthermalized, which is indicative of a phonon bottleneck in the exciton relaxation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Wang
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Mateusz Dyksik
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Carola Lampe
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Moritz Gramlich
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Michał Baranowski
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alexander S. Urban
- Nanospectroscopy
Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
München (LMU), Munich 80539 Germany
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Laboratoire
National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, EMFL, CNRS UPR 3228,
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université
Toulouse, Université Toulouse 3, INSA-T, 38042 Grenoble
and 31400 Toulouse, France
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alessandro Surrente
- Department
of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Chen X, Lu H, Wang K, Zhai Y, Lunin V, Sercel PC, Beard MC. Tuning Spin-Polarized Lifetime in Two-Dimensional Metal-Halide Perovskite through Exciton Binding Energy. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19438-19445. [PMID: 34767709 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal-halide perovskite semiconductors have attracted attention for opto-spintronic applications where the manipulation of charge and spin degrees of freedom have the potential to lower power consumption and achieve faster switching times for electronic devices. Lower-dimensional perovskites are of particular interest since the lower degree of symmetry of the metal-halide connected octahedra and the large spin-orbit coupling can potentially lift the spin degeneracy. To achieve their full application potential, long spin-polarized lifetimes and an understanding of spin-relaxation in these systems are needed. Here, we report an intriguing spin-selective excitation of excitons in a series of 2D lead iodide perovskite (n = 1) single crystals by using time- and polarization-resolved transient reflection spectroscopy. Exciton spin relaxation times as long as ∼26 ps at low excitation densities and at room temperature were achieved for a system with small binding energy, 2D EOA2PbI4 (EOA = ethanolamine). By tuning the excitation density and the exciton binding energy, we identify the dominant mechanism as the D'yakonov-Perel (DP) mechanism at low exciton densities and the Bir-Aronov-Pikus (BAP) mechanism at high excitation densities. Together, these results provide new design principles to achieve long spin lifetimes in metal-halide perovskite semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihan Chen
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.,Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kang Wang
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaxin Zhai
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.,Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Vladimir Lunin
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Peter C Sercel
- Center for Hybrid Organic Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Matthew C Beard
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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Shin AJ, Hossain AA, Tenney SM, Tan X, Tan LA, Foley JJ, Atallah TL, Caram JR. Dielectric Screening Modulates Semiconductor Nanoplatelet Excitons. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:4958-4964. [PMID: 34010003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of external dielectric environments is well understood for 2D semiconductor materials but overlooked for colloidally grown II-VI nanoplatelets (NPLs). In this work, we synthesize MX (M = Cd, Hg; X = Se, Te) NPLs of varying thicknesses and apply the Elliott model to extract exciton binding energies-reporting values in good agreement with prior methods and extending to less studied cadmium telluride and mercury chalcogenide NPLs. We find that the exciton binding energy is modulated both by the relative effect of internal vs external dielectric and by the thickness of the semiconductor material. An analytical model shows dielectric screening increases the exciton binding energy relative to the bulk by distorting the Coulombic potential across the NPL surface. We further confirm this effect by decreasing and recovering the exciton binding energy of HgTe NPLs through washing in polarizable solvents. Our results illustrate NPLs are colloidal analogues of van der Waals 2D semiconductors and point to surface modification as an approach to control photophysics and device properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Azmain A Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Stephanie M Tenney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Xuanheng Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Lauren A Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jonathan J Foley
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University, 300 Pompton Road, Wayne, New Jersey 07470, United States
| | - Timothy L Atallah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Justin R Caram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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Lu H, Xiao C, Song R, Li T, Maughan AE, Levin A, Brunecky R, Berry JJ, Mitzi DB, Blum V, Beard MC. Highly Distorted Chiral Two-Dimensional Tin Iodide Perovskites for Spin Polarized Charge Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13030-13040. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Lu
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Chuanxiao Xiao
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Ruyi Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tianyang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Annalise E. Maughan
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Andrew Levin
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Roman Brunecky
- Chemical and Bioscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Joseph J. Berry
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - David B. Mitzi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Volker Blum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew C. Beard
- Chemistry & Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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Coriasso C, Campi D, Cacciatore C, Faustini L, Rigo C, Stano A. All-optical switching and pulse routing in a distributed-feedback waveguide device. OPTICS LETTERS 1998; 23:183-185. [PMID: 18084453 DOI: 10.1364/ol.23.000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Results of all-optical switching and pulse-routing experiments with a distributed-feedback multiple-quantum-well (MQW) nonlinear waveguide, operating at 1.55microm , are reported. The MQW material has been engineered, through the controlled introduction of defects, to lower the carrier lifetime from 2.5 ns to 280 ps. The energy required for switching is of the order of 1 pJ or less, the switching time is ~600 ps , and the on-off contrast exceeds 17 dB.
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7
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Harel R, Cohen E, Linder E, Ron A, Pfeiffer LN. Absolute transmission, reflection, and absorption studies in GaAs/AlAs quantum wells containing a photoexcited electron gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:7868-7875. [PMID: 9982237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.7868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Calcagnile L, Rinaldi R, Prete P, Stevens CJ, Cingolani R, Vanzetti L, Sorba L, Franciosi A. Free-carrier effects on the excitonic absorption of n-type modulation-doped Zn1-xCdxSe/ZnSe multiple quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:17248-17253. [PMID: 9981154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.17248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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