1
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Liu YX, Zhu L, Luke J, Houwman JJA, Babin MC, Hu MG, Ni KK. Quantum interference in atom-exchange reactions. Science 2024:eadl6570. [PMID: 38753767 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl6570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Chemical reactions, where bonds break and form, are highly dynamic quantum processes. A fundamental question is whether coherence can be preserved in chemical reactions and then harnessed to generate entangled products. Here we investigated this question by studying the 2KRb → K2 + Rb2 reaction at 500 nK, focusing on the nuclear spin degrees of freedom. We prepared the initial nuclear spins in KRb in an entangled state by lowering the magnetic field to where the spin-spin interaction dominates and characterized the preserved coherence in nuclear spin wavefunction after the reaction. We observed an interference pattern that is consistent with full coherence at the end of the reaction, suggesting that entanglement prepared within the reactants could be redistributed through the atom-exchange process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lingbang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jeshurun Luke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - J J Arfor Houwman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mark C Babin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ming-Guang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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2
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Zhao B, Pan JW. Quantum control of reactions and collisions at ultralow temperatures. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1685-1701. [PMID: 35169822 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
At temperatures close to absolute zero, the molecular reactions and collisions are dominantly governed by quantum mechanics. Remarkable quantum phenomena such as quantum tunneling, quantum threshold behavior, quantum resonances, quantum interference, and quantum statistics are expected to be the main features in ultracold reactions and collisions. Ultracold molecules offer great opportunities and challenges in the study of these intriguing quantum phenomena in molecular processes. In this article, we review the recent progress in the preparation of ultracold molecules and the study of ultracold reactions and collisions using ultracold molecules. We focus on the controlled ultracold chemistry and the scattering resonances at ultralow temperatures. The challenges in understanding the complex ultracold reactions and collisions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. .,Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. .,Shanghai Branch, CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.,Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China
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3
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Abstract
Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physics techniques allowed the cooling of simple molecules down to the ultracold regime ([Formula: see text]1 mK) and opened opportunities to study chemical reactions with unprecedented levels of control. This review covers recent developments in studying bimolecular chemistry at ultralow temperatures. We begin with a brief overview of methods for producing, manipulating, and detecting ultracold molecules. We then survey experimental works that exploit the controllability of ultracold molecules to probe and modify their long-range interactions. Further combining the use of physical chemistry techniques such as mass spectrometry and ion imaging significantly improved the detection of ultracold reactions and enabled explorations of their dynamics in the short range. We discuss a series of studies on the reaction KRb + KRb → K2 + Rb2 initiated below 1 [Formula: see text]K, including the direct observation of a long-lived complex, the demonstration of product rotational state control via conserved nuclear spins, and a test of the statistical model using the complete quantum state distribution of the products. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA; .,Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; .,Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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4
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5
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Cairncross WB, Zhang JT, Picard LRB, Yu Y, Wang K, Ni KK. Assembly of a Rovibrational Ground State Molecule in an Optical Tweezer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:123402. [PMID: 33834818 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.123402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the coherent creation of a single NaCs molecule in its rotational, vibrational, and electronic (rovibronic) ground state in an optical tweezer. Starting with a weakly bound Feshbach molecule, we locate a two-photon transition via the |c^{3}Σ_{1},v^{'}=26⟩ excited state and drive coherent Rabi oscillations between the Feshbach state and a single hyperfine level of the NaCs rovibronic ground state |X^{1}Σ,v^{''}=0,N^{''}=0⟩ with a binding energy of D_{0}=h×147044.63(11) GHz. We measure a lifetime of 3.4±1.6 s for the rovibronic ground state molecule, which possesses a large molecule-frame dipole moment of 4.6D and occupies predominantly the motional ground state. These long-lived, fully quantum-state-controlled individual dipolar molecules provide a key resource for molecule-based quantum simulation and information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Cairncross
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jessie T Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Lewis R B Picard
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Yichao Yu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Kenneth Wang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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6
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Abstract
The prospect of cooling matter down to temperatures that are close to absolute zero raises intriguing questions about how chemical reactivity changes under these extreme conditions. Although some types of chemical reaction still occur at 1 μK, they can no longer adhere to the conventional picture of reactants passing over an activation energy barrier to become products. Indeed, at ultracold temperatures, the system enters a fully quantum regime, and quantum mechanics replaces the classical picture of colliding particles. In this Review, we discuss recent experimental and theoretical developments that allow us to explore chemical reactions at temperatures that range from 100 K to 500 nK. Although the field is still in its infancy, exceptional control has already been demonstrated over reactivity at low temperatures.
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7
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Wellnitz D, Schütz S, Whitlock S, Schachenmayer J, Pupillo G. Collective Dissipative Molecule Formation in a Cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:193201. [PMID: 33216580 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.193201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a mechanism to realize high-yield molecular formation from ultracold atoms. Atom pairs are continuously excited by a laser, and a collective decay into the molecular ground state is induced by a coupling to a lossy cavity mode. Using a combination of analytical and numerical techniques, we demonstrate that the molecular yield can be improved by simply increasing the number of atoms, and can overcome efficiencies of state-of-the-art association schemes. We discuss realistic experimental setups for diatomic polar and nonpolar molecules, opening up collective light matter interactions as a tool for quantum state engineering, enhanced molecule formation, collective dynamics, and cavity mediated chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wellnitz
- ISIS (UMR 7006) and icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- IPCMS (UMR 7504), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stefan Schütz
- ISIS (UMR 7006) and icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- IPCMS (UMR 7504), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Shannon Whitlock
- ISIS (UMR 7006) and icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Johannes Schachenmayer
- ISIS (UMR 7006) and icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- IPCMS (UMR 7504), University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guido Pupillo
- ISIS (UMR 7006) and icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75000 Paris, France
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8
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He X, Wang K, Zhuang J, Xu P, Gao X, Guo R, Sheng C, Liu M, Wang J, Li J, Shlyapnikov GV, Zhan M. Coherently forming a single molecule in an optical trap. Science 2020; 370:331-335. [PMID: 32972992 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba7468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ultracold single molecules have wide-ranging potential applications, such as ultracold chemistry, precision measurements, quantum simulation, and quantum computation. However, given the difficulty of achieving full control of a complex atom-molecule system, the coherent formation of single molecules remains a challenge. Here, we report an alternative route to coherently bind two atoms into a weakly bound molecule at megahertz levels by coupling atomic spins to their two-body relative motion in a strongly focused laser with inherent polarization gradients. The coherent nature is demonstrated by long-lived atom-molecule Rabi oscillations. We further manipulate the motional levels of the molecules and measure the binding energy precisely. This work opens the door to full control of all degrees of freedom in atom-molecule systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. .,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.,Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruijun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Department of Physics and Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| | - G V Shlyapnikov
- LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.,Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Moscow 121025, Russia.,Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mingsheng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, APM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. .,Center for Cold Atom Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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9
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Zhang JT, Yu Y, Cairncross WB, Wang K, Picard LRB, Hood JD, Lin YW, Hutson JM, Ni KK. Forming a Single Molecule by Magnetoassociation in an Optical Tweezer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:253401. [PMID: 32639768 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.253401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the formation of a single NaCs molecule in an optical tweezer by magnetoassociation through an s-wave Feshbach resonance at 864.11(5) G. Starting from single atoms cooled to their motional ground states, we achieve conversion efficiencies of 47(1)%, and measure a molecular lifetime of 4.7(7) ms. By construction, the single molecules are predominantly [77(5)%] in the center-of-mass motional ground state of the tweezer. Furthermore, we produce a single p-wave molecule near 807 G by first preparing one of the atoms with one quantum of motional excitation. Our creation of a single weakly bound molecule in a designated internal state in the motional ground state of an optical tweezer is a crucial step towards coherent control of single molecules in optical tweezer arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie T Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Yichao Yu
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - William B Cairncross
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Kenneth Wang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Lewis R B Picard
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jonathan D Hood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Yen-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jeremy M Hutson
- Joint Quantum Centre Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Kang-Kuen Ni
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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10
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Gregory PD, Blackmore JA, Bromley SL, Cornish SL. Loss of Ultracold ^{87}Rb^{133}Cs Molecules via Optical Excitation of Long-Lived Two-Body Collision Complexes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:163402. [PMID: 32383932 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.163402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that the lifetime of ultracold ground-state ^{87}Rb^{133}Cs molecules in an optical trap is limited by fast optical excitation of long-lived two-body collision complexes. We partially suppress this loss mechanism by applying square-wave modulation to the trap intensity, such that the molecules spend 75% of each modulation cycle in the dark. By varying the modulation frequency, we show that the lifetime of the collision complex is 0.53±0.06 ms in the dark. We find that the rate of optical excitation of the collision complex is 3_{-2}^{+4}×10^{3} W^{-1} cm^{2} s^{-1} for λ=1550 nm, leading to a lifetime of <100 ns for typical trap intensities. These results explain the two-body loss observed in experiments on nonreactive bialkali molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Gregory
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob A Blackmore
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L Bromley
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon L Cornish
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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11
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Collisional cooling of ultracold molecules. Nature 2020; 580:197-200. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Toscano J, Lewandowski HJ, Heazlewood BR. Cold and controlled chemical reaction dynamics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:9180-9194. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00931h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
State-to-state chemical reaction dynamics, with complete control over the reaction parameters, offers unparalleled insight into fundamental reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Toscano
- JILA and the Department of Physics
- University of Colorado
- Boulder
- USA
| | | | - Brianna R. Heazlewood
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory (PTCL)
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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13
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Yu D, Wang H, Ma D, Zhao X, Qian J. Adiabatic and high-fidelity quantum gates with hybrid Rydberg-Rydberg interactions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:23080-23094. [PMID: 31510590 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rydberg blockaded gate is a fundamental ingredient for scalable quantum computation with neutral Rydberg atoms. However the fidelity of such a gate is intrinsically limited by a blockade error coming from a Rydberg level shift that forbids its extensive use. Based on a dark-state adiabatic passage, we develop a novel protocol for realizing a two-atom blockade-error-free quantum gate in a hybrid system with simultaneous van der Waals (vdWsI) and resonant dipole-dipole interactions (DDI). The basic idea relies on converting the roles of two interactions, which is, the DDI serves as one time-dependent tunable pulse and the vdWsI acts as a negligible middle level shift, as long as the adiabatic condition is preserved. We adopt an optimized super-Gaussian optical pulse with kπ(k ≫ 1) area accompanied by a smooth tuning for the DDI, composing a circular stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, which can robustly ensure a faster operation time ∼ 80ns as well as a highly-efficient gate fidelity ∼ 0.9996. This theoretical protocol offers a flexible treatment for hybrid interactions in complex Rydberg systems, enabling on-demand design of new types of effective Rydberg quantum gate devices.
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14
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Gregory PD, Frye MD, Blackmore JA, Bridge EM, Sawant R, Hutson JM, Cornish SL. Sticky collisions of ultracold RbCs molecules. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3104. [PMID: 31308368 PMCID: PMC6629645 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and controlling collisions is crucial to the burgeoning field of ultracold molecules. All experiments so far have observed fast loss of molecules from the trap. However, the dominant mechanism for collisional loss is not well understood when there are no allowed 2-body loss processes. Here we experimentally investigate collisional losses of nonreactive ultracold 87Rb133Cs molecules, and compare our findings with the sticky collision hypothesis that pairs of molecules form long-lived collision complexes. We demonstrate that loss of molecules occupying their rotational and hyperfine ground state is best described by second-order rate equations, consistent with the expectation for complex-mediated collisions, but that the rate is lower than the limit of universal loss. The loss is insensitive to magnetic field but increases for excited rotational states. We demonstrate that dipolar effects lead to significantly faster loss for an incoherent mixture of rotational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Gregory
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Matthew D Frye
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jacob A Blackmore
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Bridge
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Rahul Sawant
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jeremy M Hutson
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Simon L Cornish
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC), Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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15
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Mills M, Puri P, Li M, Schowalter SJ, Dunning A, Schneider C, Kotochigova S, Hudson ER. Engineering Excited-State Interactions at Ultracold Temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:233401. [PMID: 31298913 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.233401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using a recently developed method for precisely controlling collision energy, we observe a dramatic suppression of inelastic collisions between an atom and ion (Ca+Yb^{+}) at low collision energy. This suppression, which is expected to be a universal phenomenon, arises when the spontaneous emission lifetime of the excited state is comparable to or shorter than the collision complex lifetime. We develop a technique to remove this suppression and engineer excited-state interactions. By dressing the system with a strong catalyst laser, a significant fraction of the collision complexes can be excited at a specified atom-ion separation. This technique allows excited-state collisions to be studied, even at ultracold temperature, and provides a general method for engineering ultracold excited-state interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mills
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Prateek Puri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Steven J Schowalter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Dunning
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Christian Schneider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | - Eric R Hudson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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16
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Han YC, Hu JW, Wang BB. Thermal-average effects on photoassociation with a slowly-turned-on and rapidly-turned-off laser pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 2018; 98:043420. [DOI: 10.1103/physreva.98.043420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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17
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Ghosh A, Gupta A, Gupta R, Ghanty TK. Noble gas hydrides in the triplet state: HNgCCO + (Ng = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20270-20279. [PMID: 30039141 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by the very recent investigations of neutral noble gas compounds in the open-shell configuration, we explored a new series of noble gas hydrides in the triplet state. The possible existence of noble gas-inserted ketenyl cations, HNgCCO+ (Ng = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe), in their triplet electronic state has been predicted by various ab initio quantum chemical techniques. Density functional theory (DFT), second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2), and coupled-cluster theory (CCSD(T)) based methods have been employed to investigate the structures, energetics, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and charge distribution analysis of these ions. The aforementioned ions have been found to be thermodynamically stable with respect to all plausible 2-body and 3-body dissociation channels, except the 2-body dissociation pathway leading to the formation of global minima products (Ng + HCCO+). Nevertheless, each of the predicted HNgCCO+ ions is connected to the global minima products through a transition state with a finite barrier height on the potential energy surface, which confirms the kinetic stability of the metastable species. Detailed analysis of the optimized structural parameters, energetics, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of the predicted species clearly indicated that a strong covalent bond exists between H and Ng atoms, while a comparatively weak interaction is found between Ng and C atoms. Moreover, charge distribution and atoms-in-molecules (AIM) analysis strongly concurred with the above inferences and also suggested that the predicted metastable ions should exist essentially in the form of [HNg]+[CCO] complex. These results ultimately indicate that these predicted species may be prepared and characterized by suitable experimental technique(s) under a cryogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Ghosh
- Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Beam Technology Development Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
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18
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Fan Q, Hu C, Fu J, Ma J, Fan Z, Xu Y, Li H, Zhang Y. An analytical formula for predicting R-branch high-lying transition lines of BiLi molecule. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 200:290-297. [PMID: 29704729 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A concise and convenient analytical formula without any spectral constant is derived from the conventional expression of R-branch transitional energies for calculating the R-branch high-lying rovibrational emission spectral lines of diatomic molecule. This is based on the thought of Sun's difference converging method (DCM) in 2011. This formula can correctly predict the high-lying transitional emission spectral lines only using 11 known experimental transition lines and a set of physical criteria when any spectral constants of the system are not available. Furthermore, a new method for analyzing the accuracy of prediction with the improved formula is proposed, which point out the core problem of the predicted spectrum and give a quantitative conclusion on the reliability of our work. In this work, the new method is applied to study the R-branch transitional emission spectra of the (0-0) band of the A20+ → X10+ and A20+ → X21 transition systems of BiLi molecule. A series of experimental and theoretical comparisons and discussions show that under the condition of lack of any spectral constants, our method can still use 11 known experimental transition spectral data to reproduce the R-branch emission spectral lines reliably including the high excited rovibrational transition spectral lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunchao Fan
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Chuping Hu
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, College of Physics and Electronics Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Zhixiang Fan
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yonggen Xu
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Huidong Li
- School of Science, Key Laboratory of High Performance Scientific Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of OptoElectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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19
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Yuan J, He D, Wang S, Chen M, Han K. Diabatic potential energy surfaces of MgH2+ and dynamic studies for the Mg+(3p) + H2 → MgH+ + H reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6638-6647. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08679b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The global diabatic potential energy surfaces for the Mg+(3p) + H2 → MgH+ + H reaction are structured for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuchuang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Di He
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- P. R. China
| | - Shufen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education)
- School of Physics
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Maodu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Electron, and Ion Beams (Ministry of Education)
- School of Physics
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Keli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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20
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Vexiau R, Borsalino D, Lepers M, Orbán A, Aymar M, Dulieu O, Bouloufa-Maafa N. Dynamic dipole polarizabilities of heteronuclear alkali dimers: optical response, trapping and control of ultracold molecules. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2017.1351821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Vexiau
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - D. Borsalino
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M. Lepers
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - A. Orbán
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - M. Aymar
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - O. Dulieu
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - N. Bouloufa-Maafa
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
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21
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Inelastic collisions of ultracold triplet Rb 2 molecules in the rovibrational ground state. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14854. [PMID: 28332492 PMCID: PMC5376650 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring and controlling inelastic and reactive collisions on the quantum level is a main goal of the developing field of ultracold chemistry. For this, the preparation of precisely defined initial atomic and molecular states in tailored environments is necessary. Here we present experimental studies of inelastic collisions of metastable ultracold Rb2 molecules in an array of quasi-1D potential tubes. In particular, we investigate collisions of molecules in the absolute lowest triplet energy level where any inelastic process requires a change of the electronic state. Remarkably, we find similar decay rates as for collisions between rotationally or vibrationally excited triplet molecules where other decay paths are also available. The decay rates are close to the ones for universal reactions but vary considerably when confinement and collision energy are changed. This might be exploited to control the collisional properties of molecules. Investigating the collisional behaviour of molecules on the quantum level is the key in understanding and controlling chemical reactions. Here the authors measure inelastic collision rates for ultracold Rb2 dimers in precisely defined quantum states and show that the rates can be tuned via external parameters.
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22
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Shao Q, Deng L, Xing X, Gou D, Kuang X, Li H. Ground State Properties of the Polar Alkali-Metal–Ytterbium and Alkaline-Earth-Metal–Ytterbium Molecules: A Comparative Study. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2187-2193. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Shao
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaodong Xing
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dezhi Gou
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kuang
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratoire
Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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23
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Pal SB, Lam MM, Dieckmann K. Stability of a frequency-comb-based transfer-lock using a passive Fabry-Perot resonator. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:5527-5530. [PMID: 27906230 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a transfer-lock laser frequency stabilization that utilizes a frequency comb (FC) and a radio frequency counter referenced to a GPS frequency standard to compensate for the frequency drifts of two lasers, which are locked to a single passive Fabry-Perot resonator (FPR). The method requires only one optical phase lock with the FC and allows transfer locking of lasers at wavelengths beyond the usable range of the FC. To attain a large frequency tuning range for the lasers, we implement optical serrodyning. We further demonstrate an efficient scheme to suppress residual amplitude modulation, thereby improving the stability of the Pound-Drever-Hall lock used in this case. The absolute frequency stability was found to be better than 2×10-13 on timescales up to 300 s. Hence, together with the frequency stability on short timescales provided by the FPR, this scheme facilitates coherent Raman spectroscopy as needed for an example for the production of ultracold dipolar heteronuclear molecules.
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24
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Molony PK, Gregory PD, Kumar A, Le Sueur CR, Hutson JM, Cornish SL. Production of Ultracold
87
Rb
133
Cs in the Absolute Ground State: Complete Characterisation of the Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage Transfer. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:3811-3817. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter K. Molony
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Philip D. Gregory
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - C. Ruth Le Sueur
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Chemistry Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Jeremy M. Hutson
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Chemistry Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Simon L. Cornish
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK
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25
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Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhang Y, Fu J, Fan Q, Li H, Feng H. Studying the R-branch and the Q-branch emission spectral lines of diatomic molecules using improved analytical formula. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 162:1-5. [PMID: 26974473 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The difference converging method (DCM) used to predict the R-branch and the Q-branch high-lying rotational lines for diatomic systems is improved in this study. The key analytical formulae of the DCM method are modified by adding a higher order spectral term Hυ, and adding a physical converging criterion to improve the accuracy of predictions. Applications of the improved DCM method to the R-branch of the TiF molecule and the Q-branch of the (193)IrN molecule show that the accuracy of the R-branch and the Q-branch rotational lines is about one order of magnitude better than the results obtained using the previous formulae, which demonstrate the necessity of the added small term Hυ and the physical converging criterion. The DCM results are also shown to be better than the extrapolated rotational lines using the least-squares method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Jiang
- College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Weiguo Sun
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of OptoElectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Qunchao Fan
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Huidong Li
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
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26
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Taie S, Watanabe S, Ichinose T, Takahashi Y. Feshbach-Resonance-Enhanced Coherent Atom-Molecule Conversion with Ultranarrow Photoassociation Resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:043202. [PMID: 26871328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.043202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We reveal the existence of high-density Feshbach resonances in the collision between the ground and metastable states of ^{171}Yb and coherently produce the associated Feshbach molecules by photoassociation. The extremely small transition rate is overcome by the enhanced Franck-Condon factor of the weakly bound Feshbach molecule, allowing us to observe Rabi oscillations with long decay time between an atom pair and a molecule in an optical lattice. We also perform the precision measurement of the binding energies, which characterizes the observed resonances. The ultranarrow photoassociation will be a basis for practical implementation of optical Feshbach resonances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Taie
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Watanabe
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ichinose
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Takahashi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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27
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Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhang Y, Fu J, Fan Q, Li H, Feng H. Prediction of P-branch emission spectral lines of NaF and ⁶³Cu³⁵Cl molecules. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 153:87-93. [PMID: 26296252 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The analytical formula derived by Sun et al. in 2011 and used to predict the rotational lines for rovibrational diatomic systems is improved in this study. The new formula is obtained by adding a higher order spectral term Hυ that is neglected in our previous expression. A physical requirement is also added to the converging process to minimize the possible error of the predicted rotational line. All these are applied to study some rovibrational transition systems of (63)Cu(35)Cl and NaF molecules. The results indicate that the accuracy of the P-branch rotational lines predicted by this new formula is about one order of magnitude better than the results obtained using the previous formula, and that both the small Hυ contribution and the improved converging requirement may play a vital role in predicting the high-lying rovibrational energies and the rotational lines. Comparisons between physical predictions and mathematical extrapolations on the rotational lines are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Jiang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Weiguo Sun
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of OptoElectronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Qunchao Fan
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Huidong Li
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Science, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
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28
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Bergmann K, Vitanov NV, Shore BW. Perspective: Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage: The status after 25 years. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:170901. [PMID: 25956078 DOI: 10.1063/1.4916903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first presentation of the STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) technique with proper theoretical foundation and convincing experimental data appeared 25 years ago, in the May 1st, 1990 issue of The Journal of Chemical Physics. By now, the STIRAP concept has been successfully applied in many different fields of physics, chemistry, and beyond. In this article, we comment briefly on the initial motivation of the work, namely, the study of reaction dynamics of vibrationally excited small molecules, and how this initial idea led to the documented success. We proceed by providing a brief discussion of the physics of STIRAP and how the method was developed over the years, before discussing a few examples from the amazingly wide range of applications which STIRAP now enjoys, with the aim to stimulate further use of the concept. Finally, we mention some promising future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Bergmann
- Fachbereich Physik und Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Nikolay V Vitanov
- Department of Physics, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, James Bourchier 5 Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bruce W Shore
- 618 Escondido Circle, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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29
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Rodríguez-Cantano R, González-Lezana T, Prosmiti R, Delgado-Barrio G, Villarreal P, Jellinek J. Reactive scattering calculations for (87)Rb+(87)RbHe→Rb2((3)Σ(u)(+),v)+He from ultralow to intermediate energies. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:164304. [PMID: 25933761 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate atom-diatom reactive collisions, as a preliminary step,in order to assess the possibility of forming Rb(2) molecules in their lowest triplet electronic state by cold collisions of rubidium atoms on the surface of helium nanodroplets [corrected]. A simple model related to the well-known Rosen treatment of linear triatomic molecules [N. Rosen, J. Chem. Phys. 1, 319 (1933)] in relative coordinates is used, allowing to estimate reactive probabilities for different values of the total angular momentum. The best available full dimensional potential energy surface [Guillon et al., J. Chem. Phys. 136, 174307 (2012)] is employed through the calculations. Noticeable values of the probabilities in the ultracold regime, which numerically fulfill the Wigner threshold law, support the feasibility of the process. The rubidium dimer is mainly produced at high vibrational states, and the reactivity is more efficient for a bosonic helium partner than when the fermion species is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Prosmiti
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Villarreal
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julius Jellinek
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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30
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Prediction of a Neutral Noble Gas Compound in the Triplet State. Chemistry 2015; 21:8290-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Molony PK, Gregory PD, Ji Z, Lu B, Köppinger MP, Le Sueur CR, Blackley CL, Hutson JM, Cornish SL. Creation of ultracold ^{87}Rb^{133}Cs molecules in the rovibrational ground state. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:255301. [PMID: 25554891 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.255301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the creation of a sample of over 1000 ultracold ^{87}Rb^{133}Cs molecules in the lowest rovibrational ground state, from an atomic mixture of ^{87}Rb and ^{133}Cs, by magnetoassociation on an interspecies Feshbach resonance followed by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). We measure the binding energy of the RbCs molecule to be hc×3811.576(1) cm^{-1} and the |v^{''}=0,J^{''}=0⟩ to |v^{''}=0,J^{''}=2⟩ splitting to be h×2940.09(6) MHz. Stark spectroscopy of the rovibrational ground state yields an electric dipole moment of 1.225(3)(8) D, where the values in parentheses are the statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively. We can access a space-fixed dipole moment of 0.355(2)(4) D, which is substantially higher than in previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Molony
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D Gregory
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Zhonghua Ji
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Köppinger
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - C Ruth Le Sueur
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline L Blackley
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy M Hutson
- Department of Chemistry, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon L Cornish
- Department of Physics, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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32
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Deiss M, Drews B, Deissler B, Hecker Denschlag J. Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized Rb(2) molecule. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:233004. [PMID: 25526128 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.233004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method for probing the alignment of the molecular axis of an ultracold, nonpolar dimer. These results are obtained using diatomic ^{87}Rb_{2} molecules in the vibrational ground state of the lowest triplet potential a^{3}Σ_{u}^{+} trapped in a 3D optical lattice. We measure the molecular polarizabilities, which are directly linked to the alignment, along each of the x, y, and z directions of the lab coordinate system. By preparing the molecules in various, precisely defined rotational quantum states we can control the degree of alignment of the molecular axis with high precision over a large range. Furthermore, we derive the dynamical polarizabilities for a laser wavelength of 1064.5 nm parallel and orthogonal to the molecular axis of the dimer, α_{∥}=(8.9±0.9)×10^{3} a.u. and α_{⊥}=(0.9±0.4)×10^{3} a.u., respectively. Our findings highlight that the depth of an optical lattice strongly depends on the rotational state of the molecule, which has to be considered in collision experiments. The present work paves the way for reaction studies between aligned molecules in the ultracold temperature regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Deiss
- Institut für Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Björn Drews
- Institut für Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Deissler
- Institut für Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Hecker Denschlag
- Institut für Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universität Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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33
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Semczuk M, Gunton W, Bowden W, Madison KW. Anomalous behavior of dark states in quantum gases of (6)Li. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:055302. [PMID: 25126925 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.055302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We create atom-molecule dark states in a degenerate Fermi gas of ^{6}Li in both weakly and strongly interacting regimes using two-photon Raman scattering to couple fermion pairs to bound molecular states in the ground singlet and triplet potential. Near the unitarity point in the BEC-BCS crossover regime, the atom number revival height associated with the dark state abruptly and unexpectedly decreases and remains low for magnetic fields below the Feshbach resonance center at 832.2 G. With a weakly interacting Fermi gas at 0 G, we perform precision dark-state spectroscopy of the least-bound vibrational levels of the lowest singlet and triplet potentials. From these spectra, we obtain binding energies of the v^{''}=9, N^{''}=0 level of the a(1^{3}Σ_{u}^{+}) potential and the v^{''}=38, N^{''}=0 level of the X(1^{1}Σ_{g}^{+}) potential with absolute uncertainty as low as 20 kHz. For the triplet potential, we resolve the molecular hyperfine structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Semczuk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Will Gunton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William Bowden
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kirk W Madison
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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34
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Han X, Yang J, Guan Y, Zhou Z, Zhao W, Allouche A, Magnier S, Ahmed E, Lyyra A, Dai X. Observation of the State of. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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McGuyer BH, Osborn CB, McDonald M, Reinaudi G, Skomorowski W, Moszynski R, Zelevinsky T. Nonadiabatic effects in ultracold molecules via anomalous linear and quadratic Zeeman shifts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:243003. [PMID: 24483652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.243003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anomalously large linear and quadratic Zeeman shifts are measured for weakly bound ultracold 88Sr2 molecules near the intercombination-line asymptote. Nonadiabatic Coriolis coupling and the nature of long-range molecular potentials explain how this effect arises and scales roughly cubically with the size of the molecule. The linear shifts yield nonadiabatic mixing angles of the molecular states. The quadratic shifts are sensitive to nearby opposite f-parity states and exhibit fourth-order corrections, providing a stringent test of a state-of-the-art ab initio model.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H McGuyer
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - C B Osborn
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - M McDonald
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - G Reinaudi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
| | - W Skomorowski
- Department of Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland and Theoretische Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - R Moszynski
- Department of Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Zelevinsky
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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36
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González-Martínez ML, Hutson JM. Ultracold hydrogen atoms: a versatile coolant to produce ultracold molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:203004. [PMID: 24289682 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.203004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We show theoretically that ultracold hydrogen atoms have very favorable properties for sympathetic cooling of molecules to microkelvin temperatures. We calculate the potential energy surfaces for spin-polarized interactions of H atoms with the prototype molecules NH(3Σ-) and OH(2Π) and show that they are shallow (50 to 80 cm(-1)) and only weakly anisotropic. We carry out quantum collision calculations on H+NH and H+OH and show that the ratio of elastic to inelastic cross sections is high enough to allow sympathetic cooling from temperatures well over 1 K for NH and around 250 mK for OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel L González-Martínez
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham/Newcastle, Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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37
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Wang Q, Sun W, Fan Q. The P-branch and R-branch emission spectral lines in the d1Σ(+)-A3Σ0(-) system of NbN. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 114:51-54. [PMID: 23756258 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The P and R-branch spectral lines of high-lying rotational quantum states of (0,0), (1,1) bands in d(1)Σ(+)-A(3)Σ0(-) electronic transition of NbN are obtained in this work by using the analytical formula proposed recently by Sun et al. The formula have generated unknown P and R-branch emission spectral lines up to J=80 those may not be available experimentally for these bands of NbN molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
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38
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Tomza M, Skomorowski W, Musiał M, González-Férez R, Koch CP, Moszynski R. Interatomic potentials, electric properties and spectroscopy of the ground and excited states of the Rb2 molecule: ab initio calculations and effect of a non-resonant field*. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.793835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Tomza
- a Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
- b Theoretische Physik , Universität Kassel , Kassel , Germany
| | | | - Monika Musiał
- c Institute of Chemistry , University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Rosario González-Férez
- d Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear , Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
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39
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Fan Q, Liu W, Sun W, Feng H, Hu S. The emission spectroscopy of the (2)Φ(5/2)-1(2)Δ(3/2) system of VO molecule. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 105:474-476. [PMID: 23348200 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
VO and other vanadium oxides are important in catalysts, semiconductors and optical devices. Studying its interior microstructure is necessary for fully understanding its intrinsic nature and better applications. The P and R-branch emission spectraof the (0, 0) band in the (2)Φ(5/2)-1(2)Δ(3/2) system of VO molecule are studied using the analytical formulae derived by Sun group in their previous work. The calculated result reproduced all known experimental spectral lines accurately, and the correct values of the unknown spectral lines up to J=80.5 were predicted in this work that were not given experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunchao Fan
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Research Center for Advanced Computation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China.
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40
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HU XUEJIN, ZHANG WEI, HUANG YIN, YANG JUNFENG, CONG SHULIN. FORMATION OF ULTRACOLD CESIUM MOLECULES IN THE GROUND ELECTRONIC STATE. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633612500897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigate theoretically the preparation of ultracold photoassociated Cs 2 molecules in the lowest vibrational level of the ground electronic state via the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation using the mapped Fourier grid method. A negative chirped laser pulse is used to produce the unstable photoassociated molecules in the excited electronic state. A dump pulse is utilized to transfer a partial population of the unstable photoassociated molecules to the vibrational v″ = 18 level of the ground electronic state. This part of population is then transferred to the v″ = 0 level of the ground electronic state by the pump and Stokes laser pulses via an intermediate state which is taken to be the v′ = 7 level of the excited electronic state, forming the stable photoassociated molecules. The population transfer efficiency from v″ = 18 to v″ = 0 in the ground electronic state reaches 96.2% via the STIRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- XUE-JIN HU
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - WEI ZHANG
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - YIN HUANG
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - JUN-FENG YANG
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - SHU-LIN CONG
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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41
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Stellmer S, Pasquiou B, Grimm R, Schreck F. Creation of ultracold Sr(2) molecules in the electronic ground state. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:115302. [PMID: 23005642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.115302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the creation of ultracold (84)Sr(2) molecules in the electronic ground state. The molecules are formed from atom pairs on sites of an optical lattice using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). We achieve a transfer efficiency of 30% and obtain 4×10(4) molecules with full control over the external and internal quantum state. STIRAP is performed near the narrow (1)S(0)-(3)P(1) intercombination transition, using a vibrational level of the 1(0(u)(+)) potential as an intermediate state. In preparation of our molecule association scheme, we have determined the binding energies of the last vibrational levels of the 1(0(u)(+)), 1(1(u)) excited-state and the X (1)Σ(g)(+) ground-state potentials. Our work overcomes the previous limitation of STIRAP schemes to systems with magnetic Feshbach resonances, thereby establishing a route that is applicable to many systems beyond alkali-metal dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stellmer
- Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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42
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Reinaudi G, Osborn CB, McDonald M, Kotochigova S, Zelevinsky T. Optical production of stable ultracold (88)Sr(2) molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:115303. [PMID: 23005643 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have produced large samples of stable ultracold (88)Sr(2) molecules in the electronic ground state in an optical lattice. The fast, all-optical method of molecule creation involves a near-intercombination-line photoassociation pulse followed by spontaneous emission with a near-unity Franck-Condon factor. The detection uses excitation to a weakly bound electronically excited vibrational level corresponding to a very large dimer and yields a high-Q molecular vibronic resonance. This is the first of two steps needed to create deeply bound (88)Sr(2) for frequency metrology and ultracold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Reinaudi
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027-5255, USA
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43
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Nesbitt DJ. Toward State-to-State Dynamics in Ultracold Collisions: Lessons from High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Weakly Bound Molecular Complexes. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5062-72. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300208b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Nesbitt
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United
States
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44
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Ulmanis J, Deiglmayr J, Repp M, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Ultracold Molecules Formed by Photoassociation: Heteronuclear Dimers, Inelastic Collisions, and Interactions with Ultrashort Laser Pulses. Chem Rev 2012; 112:4890-927. [PMID: 22931226 DOI: 10.1021/cr300215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juris Ulmanis
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Deiglmayr
- Laboratorium für Physikalische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse
10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Repp
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik
und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Weidemüller
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Philosophenweg
12, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Goulven Quéméner
- JILA, University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO 80309-0440, United States
| | - Paul S. Julienne
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST
and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8423,
United States
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46
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47
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Guillon G, Viel A, Launay JM. Full dimension Rb2He ground triplet potential energy surface and quantum scattering calculations. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:174307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4709433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane P. Koch
- Theoretische Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40,
34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Moshe Shapiro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T
1Z1, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel 76100
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49
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Ashman S, McGeehan B, Wolfe CM, Faust C, Richter K, Jones J, Hickman AP, Huennekens J. Experimental studies of the NaCs 5(3)Π0 and 1(a)3Σ+ states. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:114313. [PMID: 22443770 DOI: 10.1063/1.3689388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report high resolution measurements of 372 NaCs 5(3)Π(0)(v, J) ro-vibrational level energies in the range 0 ≤ v ≤ 22. The data have been used to construct NaCs 5(3)Π(0) potential energy curves using the Rydberg-Klein-Rees and inverted perturbation approximation methods. Bound-free 5(3)Π(0)(v, J) → 1(a)(3)Σ(+) emission has also been measured, and is used to determine the repulsive wall of the 1(a)(3)Σ(+) state and the 5(3)Π(0) → 1(a)(3)Σ(+) relative transition dipole moment function. Hyperfine structure in the 5(3)Π(0) state has not been observed in this experiment. This null result is explained using a simple vector coupling model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashman
- Department of Physics, 16 Memorial Dr. East, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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50
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Allouche AR, Aubert-Frécon M. Transition dipole moments between the low-lying Ωg,u(+/−)states of the Rb2and Cs2molecules. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:114302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3694014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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