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Luo Y, Li C, Zhong C, Li S. A novel 2D intrinsic metal-free ferromagnetic semiconductor Si 3C 8 monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1086-1093. [PMID: 38098345 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05005j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free magnets, a special kind of ferromagnetic (FM) material, have evolved into an important branch of magnetic materials for spintronic applications. We herein propose a silicon carbide (Si3C8) monolayer and investigate its geometric, electronic, and magnetic properties by using first-principles calculations. The thermal and dynamical stability of the Si3C8 monolayer was confirmed by ab initio molecular dynamics and phonon dispersion simulations. Our results show that the Si3C8 monolayer is a FM semiconductor with a band gap of 1.76 eV in the spin-down channel and a Curie temperature of 22 K. We demonstrate that the intrinsic magnetism of the Si3C8 monolayer is derived from pz orbitals of C atoms via superexchange interactions. Furthermore, the half-metallic state in the FM Si3C8 monolayer can be induced by electron doping. Our work not only illustrates that carrier doping could manipulate the magnetic states of the FM Si3C8 monolayer but also provides an idea to design two-dimensional metal-free magnetic materials for spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtong Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China.
| | - Chen Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China.
| | - Chengyong Zhong
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, P. R. China.
| | - Shuo Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhang J, He Z, Gao C, Tao Y, Liang F, Li G, Gao B, Song G. Intrinsic half-metallicity in two-dimensional Cr 2TeX 2 (X = I, Br, Cl) monolayers. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29721-29728. [PMID: 37822665 PMCID: PMC10562977 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials with intrinsic half-metallicity at or above room temperature are important in spin nanodevices. Nevertheless, such 2D materials in experiment are still rarely realized. In this work, a new family of 2D Cr2TeX2 (X = I, Br, Cl) monolayers has been predicted using first-principles calculations. The monolayer is made of five atomic sublayers with ABCAB-type stacking along the perpendicular direction. It is found that the energies for all the ferromagnetic (FM) half-metallic states are the lowest. The phonon spectrum calculations and molecular dynamics simulations both demonstrate that the FM states are stable, indicating the possibility of experimentally obtaining the 2D Cr2TeX2 monolayers with half-metallicity. The Curie temperatures from Monte Carlo simulations are 486, 445, and 451 K for Cr2TeI2, Cr2TeBr2, and Cr2TeCl2 monolayers, respectively, and their half-metallic bandgaps are 1.72, 1.86 and 1.90 eV. The corresponding magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies (MAEs) are about 1185, 502, 899 μeV per Cr atom for Cr2TeX2 monolayers, in which the easy axes are along the plane for the Cr2TeBr2 and Cr2TeCl2 monolayers, but being out of the plane in the Cr2TeI2. Our study implies the potential application of the 2D Cr2TeX2 (X = I, Br, Cl) monolayers in spin nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Zixin He
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Chuchu Gao
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Yanyan Tao
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Guannan Li
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Benling Gao
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
| | - Guang Song
- Department of Physics, Huaiyin Institute of Technology 1 Meicheng East Road Huaian 223003 China
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University 22 Hankou Road Nanjing 210093 China
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3
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Ajeel FN, Ahmed AB. Effect of ZnO dimers on the thermoelectric performance of armchair graphene nanoribbons. J Mol Model 2023; 29:145. [PMID: 37067639 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the thermoelectric performance in engineered graphene nanoribbons is used to produce thermoelectric nanodevices, which are important in many applications. By using a chemical doping method, armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) can have thermoelectric properties that are tunable. We predicted that changing the number and geometrical pattern of zinc oxide (ZnO) dimers in an AGNR can engineer thermoelectric properties, so we used density functional-based tight binding (DFTB) combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) to investigate the geometric, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of the AGNR with and without various dopants of ZnO dimers. With three forms of ZnO dimers, ortho, meta, and para dimers, different concentration ratios of Zn and O atoms are used. Our results indicate that the electronic features of AGNR are influenced not only by the concentrations of ZnO dimers but also by the geometrical pattern of ZnO dimers in the AGNR. These results are helpful in better understanding the effect of chemical doping on the transport properties of AGNRs and in motivating nanodevices to improve their thermoelectric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad N Ajeel
- Department of Physic, College of Science, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sumer, Al-Rifai, Iraq.
| | - Ali Ben Ahmed
- Department of Physic, College of Science, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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4
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Han Z, Hao H, Zheng X, Zeng Z. Bipolar spin-filtering and giant magnetoresistance effect in spin-semiconducting zigzag graphene nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6461-6466. [PMID: 36779977 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05834k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Spintronics is one of the main topics in condensed matter physics, in which half-metallicity and giant magnetoresistance are two important objects to achieve. In this work, we study the spin dependent transport properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR) with asymmetric edge hydrogenation and different magnetic configurations using the non-equilibrium Green's function method combined with density functional calculations. Our results show that when the magnetic configurations of the electrodes change from parallel to antiparallel, the currents in the tunnel junction change substantially, resulting in a high conductance state and a low conductance state, with the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio larger than 1 × 105% achieved. In addition, in the parallel magnetic configurations, an ideal bipolar spin filtering effect is observed, making it flexible to switch the spin polarity of current by reversing the bias direction. All these features originate from the spin semiconducting behavior of the asymmetrically hydrogenated ZGNRs. The findings suggest that asymmetric edge hydrogenation provides an important way to construct multi-functional spintronic devices with ZGNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Han
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Hua Hao
- School of Physics, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.,College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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5
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Rezapour MR. Structural, Electronic, and Magnetic Characteristics of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanoribbons and Their Applications in Spintronics. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:16429-16436. [PMID: 36203495 PMCID: PMC9527752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of quantum information and quantum computing technology requires special materials to design and manufacture nanosized spintronic devices. Possessing remarkable structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) can be a promising candidate as a building block of futuristic nanoelectronics and spintronic systems. Here, using first-principles calculations, we perform a comprehensive study on the structural stability as well as electronic and magnetic properties of triazine-based g-C3N4 nanoribbons (gt-CNRs). Our calculations show that gt-CNRs with different edge conformation exhibit distinct electronic and magnetic characteristics, which can be tuned by the edge H-passivation rate. By investigating gt-CNRs with various possible edge configurations and H-termination rates, we show that while the ferromagnetic (FM) ordering of gt-CNRs stays preserved for all of the studied configurations, half metallicity can only be achieved in nanoribbons with specific edge structure under full H-passivation rate. For spintronic application purposes, we also study spin-transport properties of half-metal gt-CNRs. By determining the suitable gt-CNR configuration, we show the possibility of developing a perfect gt-CNR-based spin filter with a spin filter efficiency (SFE) of 100%. Considering the above-mentioned notable electronic and magnetic characteristics as well as its high thermal stability, we show that gt-CNR would be a remarkable material to fabricate multifunctional spintronic devices.
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Ugartemendia A, Garcia Lekue A, Jimenez Izal E. Tailoring magnetism in silicon-doped zigzag graphene edges. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13032. [PMID: 35906454 PMCID: PMC9338279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the edges of single-layer graphene have been experimentally doped with silicon atoms by means of scanning transmission electron microscopy. In this work, density functional theory is applied to model and characterize a wide range of experimentally inspired silicon doped zigzag-type graphene edges. The thermodynamic stability is assessed and the electronic and magnetic properties of the most relevant edge configurations are unveiled. Importantly, we show that silicon doping of graphene edges can induce a reversion of the spin orientation on the adjacent carbon atoms, leading to novel magnetic properties with possible applications in the field of spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andoni Ugartemendia
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), M. de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), M. de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Aran Garcia Lekue
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), M. de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain.
| | - Elisa Jimenez Izal
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), M. de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain. .,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), M. de Lardizabal Pasealekua 3, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain.
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7
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Ahmed J, Mandal SK. Phenalenyl Radical: Smallest Polycyclic Odd Alternant Hydrocarbon Present in the Graphene Sheet. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11369-11431. [PMID: 35561295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Phenalenyl, a zigzag-edged odd alternant hydrocarbon unit can be found in the graphene nanosheet. Hückel molecular orbital calculations indicate the presence of a nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO), which originates from the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) arising from 13 carbon atoms of the phenalenyl molecule. Three redox states (cationic, neutral radical, and anionic) of the phenalenyl-based molecules were attributed to the presence of this NBMO. The cationic state can undergo two consecutive reductions to result in neutral radical and anionic states, stepwise, respectively. The phenalenyl-based radicals were found as crucial building blocks and attracted the attention of various research fields such as organic synthesis, material science, computation, and device physics. From 2012 onward, a strategy was devised using the cationic state of phenalenyl-based molecules and in situ generated phenalenyl radicals, which created a new domain of catalysis. The in situ generated phenalenyl radicals were utilized for the single electron transfer (SET) process resulting in redox catalysis. This emerging range of applications rejuvenates the more than six decades-old phenalenyl chemistry. This review captures such developments ranging from fundamental understanding to multidirectional applications of phenalenyl-based radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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8
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Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Li Y, Fang D, Che J, Zhang E, Zhang P, Zhang S. An intrinsic room-temperature half-metallic ferromagnet in a metal-free PN 2 monolayer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7077-7083. [PMID: 35262147 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In spintronics, the embodiment of abundance availability, long spin relaxation time, complete spin-polarization and high Curie temperature (TC) in intrinsic metal-free half-metallic ferromagnets (MFHMFs) are highly desirable and challenging. In this work, employing density functional theory, we first propose a dynamically, thermally, and mechanically stable two-dimensional (2D) intrinsic MFHMF, i.e. a MoS2-like PN2 monolayer, which possesses not only completely spin-polarized half-metallicity, but also an above-room-temperature TC (385 K). The half-metallic gap is calculated to be 1.70 eV, which can effectively prevent the spin-flip transition caused by thermal agitation. The mechanism of magnetism in the PN2 monolayer is mainly derived from the p electron direct exchange interaction that separates from usual d-state magnetic materials. Moreover, the robustness of the ferromagnetism and half-metallicity is observed against an external strain and carrier (electron or hole) doping. Surprisingly, electron doping can effectively increase the Curie temperature of the PN2 monolayer. The proposed research work provides an insight that PN2 can be a promising candidate for realistic room-temperature metal-free spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Ying Li
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Dangqi Fang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Junwei Che
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Erhu Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Shengli Zhang
- MOE Key Lab for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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9
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Zhang Y, Cui Z, Sa B, Miao N, Zhou J, Sun Z. Computational design of double transition metal MXenes with intrinsic magnetic properties. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:276-287. [PMID: 35108718 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00621e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) have great potential to achieve intrinsic magnetism due to their available chemical and structural diversity. In this work, by spin-polarized density functional theory calculations, we designed and comprehensively investigated 50 double transition metal (DTM) MXenes MCr2CTx (T = H, O, F, OH, or bare) based on the chemical formula of M2C (M = Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W). We highlight that ferromagnetic half-metallicity, antiferromagnetic semiconduction, as well as antiferromagnetic half-metallicity have been achieved in the DTM MXenes. Herein, ferromagnetic half-metallic ScCr2C2, ScCr2C2H2, ScCr2C2F2, and YCr2C2H2 are characterized with wide band gaps and high Curie temperatures. Very interestingly, the ScCr2C2-based magnetic tunnel junction presents a tunnel magnetoresistance ratio as high as 176 000%. In addition, the antiferromagnetic semiconducting TiCr2C2, ZrCr2C2, and ZrCr2C2(OH)2, possessing moderate band gaps and high Néel temperatures, have been predicted. Especially, the Néel temperature of ZrCr2C2(OH)2 can reach 425 K. Moreover, the Dirac cone-like band structure feature is highlighted in antiferromagnetic half-metallic ZrCr2C2H2. Our study provides a new potential strategy for designing MXenes in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggan Zhang
- College of Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Cui
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Baisheng Sa
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Naihua Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Zhimei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Center for Integrated Computational Materials Science, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
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10
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Lee S, Alsalman H, Jiang W, Low T, Kwon YK. Transition Metal-Free Half-Metallicity in Two-Dimensional Gallium Nitride with a Quasi-Flat Band. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:12150-12156. [PMID: 34914401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional half-metallicity without a transition metal is an attractive attribute for spintronics applications. On the basis of first-principles calculation, we revealed that a two-dimensional gallium nitride (2D-GaN), which was recently synthesized between graphene and SiC or wurtzite GaN substrate, exhibits half-metallicity due to its half-filled quasi-flat band. We found that graphene plays a crucial role in stabilizing a local octahedral structure, whose unusually high density of states due to a flat band leads to a spontaneous phase transition to its half-metallic phase from normal metal. It was also found that its half-metallicity is strongly correlated to the in-plane lattice constants and thus subjected to substrate modification. To investigate the magnetic property, we simplified its magnetic structure with a two-dimensional Heisenberg model and performed Monte Carlo simulation. Our simulation estimated its Curie temperature (TC) to be ∼165 K under a weak external magnetic field, suggesting that transition metal-free 2D-GaN exhibiting p orbital-based half-metallicity can be utilized in future spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hussain Alsalman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Tony Low
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Young-Kyun Kwon
- Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Information Display and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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11
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Guan J, Xu L. Energy Gaps in BN/GNRs Planar Heterostructure. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5079. [PMID: 34501169 PMCID: PMC8433917 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using the tight-binding approach, we study the band gaps of boron nitride (BN)/ graphene nanoribbon (GNR) planar heterostructures, with GNRs embedded in a BN sheet. The width of BN has little effect on the band gap of a heterostructure. The band gap oscillates and decreases from 2.44 eV to 0.26 eV, as the width of armchair GNRs, nA, increases from 1 to 20, while the band gap gradually decreases from 3.13 eV to 0.09 eV, as the width of zigzag GNRs, nZ, increases from 1 to 80. For the planar heterojunctions with either armchair-shaped or zigzag-shaped edges, the band gaps can be manipulated by local potentials, leading to a phase transition from semiconductor to metal. In addition, the influence of lattice mismatch on the band gap is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Guan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
- Center for Theoretical Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
- Center for Theoretical Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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12
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Zhang J, Fahrenthold EP. Spin current distribution in antiferromagnetic zigzag graphene nanoribbons under transverse electric fields. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17088. [PMID: 34429504 PMCID: PMC8385052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The spin current transmission properties of narrow zigzag graphene nanoribbons (zGNRs) have been the focus of much computational research, investigating the potential application of zGNRs in spintronic devices. Doping, fuctionalization, edge modification, and external electric fields have been studied as methods for spin current control, and the performance of zGNRs initialized in both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spin states has been modeled. Recent work has shown that precise fabrication of narrow zGNRs is possible, and has addressed long debated questions on their magnetic order and stability. This work has revived interest in the application of antiferromagnetic zGNR configurations in spintronics. A general ab initio analysis of narrow antiferromagnetic zGNR performance under a combination of bias voltage and transverse electric field loading shows that their current transmission characteristics differ sharply from those of their ferromagnetic counterparts. At relatively modest field strengths, both majority and minority spin currents react strongly to the applied field. Analysis of band gaps and current transmission pathways explains the presence of negative differential resistance effects and the development of spatially periodic electron transport structures in these nanoribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Eric P Fahrenthold
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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13
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Johnson AP, Sabu C, Swamy NK, Anto A, Gangadharappa H, Pramod K. Graphene nanoribbon: An emerging and efficient flat molecular platform for advanced biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Song L, Yang Z, Liu L, Yuan L, Zhao H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zheng X. Realizing stable half-metallicity in zigzag silicene nanoribbons with edge dihydrogenation and chemical doping. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:195702. [PMID: 33691300 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abed65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although many schemes have been proposed to obtain full half-metallicity in zigzag silicene nanoribbons with edge monohydrogenation (H-H ZSiNRs) by chemical modification, the resulted negligible energy difference between the antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) configurations makes the half-metallicity hardly observable practically. In this work, based on density functional calculations, we find that the ZSiNRs with edge dihydrogenation (H2-H2 ZSiNRs) can be tuned to be half-metallic by replacing the central two zigzag Si chains with two zigzag Al-P chains, and more importantly, the FM-AFM energy difference is significantly increased compared with the H-H cases. The obtained half-metallicity originates from the different potential between two edges of the ribbon after doping, which results in the edge states of two spin channels shifting oppositely in energy. This mechanism is so robust that the half-metallicity can always be achieved, irrespective of the ribbon width. Our finding provides a fantastic way for achieving stable half-metallicity in ZSiNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Song
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Yuan
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhao
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
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15
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Adhikary S, Dutta S, Mohakud S. Antiferromagnetic spin ordering in two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of SiP 3. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2217-2221. [PMID: 36133774 PMCID: PMC9417914 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetism in low-dimensional materials has been of sustained interest due to its intriguing quantum mechanical origin and promising device applications. Here, we propose a buckled honeycomb lattice of stoichiometry SiP3, a two-dimensional binary group-IV and V material that exhibits an antiferromagnetic ground state with itinerant electrons. Here we perform elemental Si substitution in pristine blue phosphorene to downshift the Fermi energy and induce the Fermi instability that results in a spin polarized ground state. Within first-principles calculations, we observe antiferromagnetic spin alignment between adjacent ferromagnetic triangular domains where each Si atom is coupled with three neighboring P atoms with a ferromagnetic interaction. Such unique spin structure and resulting magnetic ground state are unprecedented in defect-free two-dimensional materials made of only p-block elements. This metal-free magnetism can be exploited for advanced spintronic and memory storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souren Adhikary
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Sudipta Dutta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 Andhra Pradesh India
- Center for Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences & Technologies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Sasmita Mohakud
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 Andhra Pradesh India
- Center for Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences & Technologies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati Tirupati - 517507 Andhra Pradesh India
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16
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Song S, Su J, Telychko M, Li J, Li G, Li Y, Su C, Wu J, Lu J. On-surface synthesis of graphene nanostructures with π-magnetism. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3238-3262. [PMID: 33481981 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanostructures (GNs) including graphene nanoribbons and nanoflakes have attracted tremendous interest in the field of chemistry and materials science due to their fascinating electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Among them, zigzag-edged GNs (ZGNs) with precisely-tunable π-magnetism hold great potential for applications in spintronics and quantum devices. To improve the stability and processability of ZGNs, substitutional groups are often introduced to protect the reactive edges in organic synthesis, which renders the study of their intrinsic properties difficult. In contrast to the conventional wet-chemistry method, on-surface bottom-up synthesis presents a promising approach for the fabrication of both unsubstituted ZGNs and functionalized ZGNs with atomic precision via surface-catalyzed transformation of rationally-designed precursors. The structural and spin-polarized electronic properties of these ZGNs can then be characterized with sub-molecular resolution by means of scanning probe microscopy techniques. This review aims to highlight recent advances in the on-surface synthesis and characterization of a diversity of ZGNs with π-magnetism. We also discuss the important role of precursor design and reaction stimuli in the on-surface synthesis of ZGNs and their π-magnetism origin. Finally, we will highlight the existing challenges and future perspective surrounding the synthesis of novel open-shell ZGNs towards next-generation quantum technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotang Song
- SZU-NUS Collaborative Center, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shen Zhen, 518060, China.
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17
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Ghosh A, Kar M, Majumder C, Sarkar P. Half metallicity and ferromagnetism of vanadium nitride nanoribbons: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1127-1138. [PMID: 33346763 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05221c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Half metallic materials with intrinsic ferromagnetism are identified as the pillar of next generation spintronic devices. In search of new low-dimensional materials with these excellent properties, herein we systematically study the electronic and magnetic properties of edge dependent (armchair (ac) and zigzag (zz)) vanadium nitride nanoribbons (VNNRs) using density functional theory (DFT) based calculations. Both the ac and zz VNNRs show robust ferromagnetism and extensive half-metallicity with large band gaps (3.9-4.3 eV for ac and 2.5-3.0 eV for zz VNNRs) for the down spin channel. Interestingly, even with the application of uniaxial strain (both tensile and compressive) along the axis of the ribbons, VNNRs retain their extensive half metallicity with a large spin band gap and robust ferromagnetic behavior. Spin dependent electronic transport reveals the 100% spin filtering efficiency of nanoribbons, in both the free state and under applied strain, which support the robust half metallicity of VNNRs. Our study of VNNRs on a MoS2 substrate also shows half metallicity along with high stability, indicating the usage of MoS2 as a substrate for the synthesis of VNNRs. All these results guide the potential application of VNNRs in spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atish Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan- 731235, India.
| | - Moumita Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan- 731235, India.
| | | | - Pranab Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan- 731235, India.
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18
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Li Y, Li X, Zhang S, Cao L, Ouyang F, Long M. Strain Investigation on Spin-Dependent Transport Properties of γ-Graphyne Nanoribbon Between Gold Electrodes. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:5. [PMID: 33409606 PMCID: PMC7788153 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strain engineering has become one of the effective methods to tune the electronic structures of materials, which can be introduced into the molecular junction to induce some unique physical effects. The various γ-graphyne nanoribbons (γ-GYNRs) embedded between gold (Au) electrodes with strain controlling have been designed, involving the calculation of the spin-dependent transport properties by employing the density functional theory. Our calculated results exhibit that the presence of strain has a great effect on transport properties of molecular junctions, which can obviously enhance the coupling between the γ-GYNR and Au electrodes. We find that the current flowing through the strained nanojunction is larger than that of the unstrained one. What is more, the length and strained shape of the γ-GYNR serves as the important factors which affect the transport properties of molecular junctions. Simultaneously, the phenomenon of spin-splitting occurs after introducing strain into nanojunction, implying that strain engineering may be a new means to regulate the electron spin. Our work can provide theoretical basis for designing of high performance graphyne-based devices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Micro-structure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Statistical Learning and Intelligent Computation, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Shidong Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Micro-structure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Liemao Cao
- Science, Math and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), 8 Somapah Road, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Fangping Ouyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Micro-structure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Mengqiu Long
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Super Micro-structure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Institute of Low-Dimensional Quantum Materials and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, 830046, China.
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19
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Wan H, Xiao X, Zhou G, Hu W. Spin-resolved transport properties of atomic carbon chain between sawtooth zigzag-edge graphene nanoribbons electrodes. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1857448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Wan
- Department of Ecology and Environment, Yuzhang Normal University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbo Xiao
- School of Computer Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Zhou
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Manipulation (Ministry of Education), and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications of Hunan, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Science Teaching, Jiangxi University of Technology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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20
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Shi JL, Zhao XJ, Seifert G, Wei SH, Zhang DB. Unconventional deformation potential and half-metallicity in zigzag nanoribbons of 2D-Xenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7294-7299. [PMID: 32211628 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06416h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Realization of half-metallicity (HM) in low dimensional materials is a fundamental challenge for nano spintronics and a critical component for developing alternative generations of information technology. Using first-principles calculations, we reveal an unconventional deformation potential for zigzag nanoribbons (NRs) of 2D-Xenes. Both the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) of the edge states have negative deformation potentials. This unique property, combined with the localization and spin-polarization of the edge states, enables us to induce spin-splitting and HM using an inhomogeneous strain pattern, such as simple in-plane bending. Indeed, our calculation using the generalized Bloch theorem reveals the predicted HM in bent zigzag silicene NRs. Furthermore, the magnetic stability of the long range magnetic order for the spin-polarized edge states is maintained well against the bending deformation. These aspects indicate that it is a promising approach to realize HM in low dimensions with the zigzag 2D-Xene NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lei Shi
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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21
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Zhang Y, He X, Sun M, Wang J, Ghosez P. Switchable metal-to-half-metal transition at the semi-hydrogenated graphene/ferroelectric interface. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:5067-5074. [PMID: 32068214 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08627g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the half-metallicity of low-dimensional materials using an electric field is particularly appealing for spintronic applications but typically requires an ultra-high field, hampering practical applications. Interface engineering has been suggested as an alternative practical means to overcome this limitation and control the metal-to-half-metal transition. Here, we show from first-principles calculations that the polarization switching at the interface of semi-hydrogenated graphene (i.e., graphone) and a ferroelectric PbTiO3 layer can reversibly tune a metal to half-metal transition in graphone. Using a simple Hubbard model, this is rationalized using interface atomic orbital hybridization, which also reveals the origin of the high-quality screening of metallic graphone, preserving bulk-like stable ferroelectric polarization in the PbTiO3 film down to a thickness of two unit cells. These findings do not only open a new perspective on engineering half-metallicity at the interface of two-dimensional materials and ferroelectrics, but also identify graphone as a powerful atomically thin electrode, which holds great promise for the design of ultrafast and high integration density information-storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics & Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China. and Theoretical Materials Physics, Q-MAT, CESAM, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Xu He
- Theoretical Materials Physics, Q-MAT, CESAM, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Minglei Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics & Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Philippe Ghosez
- Theoretical Materials Physics, Q-MAT, CESAM, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
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22
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Alaal N, Roqan IS. Modulating Electronic Structures of Armchair GaN Nanoribbons by Chemical Functionalization under an Electric Field Effect. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1261-1269. [PMID: 31984284 PMCID: PMC6977195 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and magnetic properties of oxygen- and sulfur-passivated one-dimensional armchair GaN nanoribbons (A-GaNNRs) are revealed using both first-principles density-functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. We explore that an applied external electric field can further modulate the electronic properties of both pristine and passivated A-GaNNRs, thus changing their properties (semiconducting-metallic-half-metallic). A-GaNNRs of 0.9-3.1 nm width are subjected to further investigations, which reveal that sulfur termination transforms pristine A-GaNNRs from direct into indirect band gap semiconductors, without affecting their nonmagnetic nature. On the other hand, oxygen passivation introduces spin-polarized behavior with a finite magnetic moment. Magnetism characteristics in both bare and sulfur-passivated A-GaNNRs are induced by applying a critical electric field along the direction of NR width. The passivated A-GaNNRs are more stable compared to bare ones, while sulfur-passivated A-GaNNRs exhibit higher stability at higher temperatures (>500 °C). Thus, our results suggest that A-GaNNRs can be used in a broad range of electronic, optoelectronic, and spintronic applications.
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23
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Zhou Y, Zheng X. Generating pure spin current with spin-dependent Seebeck effect in ferromagnetic zigzag graphene nanoribbons. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:315301. [PMID: 31022711 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab1cae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pure spin current is of great importance in spintronics and may be achieved by spin dependent Seebeck effect (SDSE) in magnetic systems. Zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) are very well-known 2D magnetic nanostructures. However, perfect and pristine ZGNRs either in the anti-ferromagnetic ground state or in the ferromagnetic (FM) state are not capable of producing pure spin current by SDSE at low temperature. In this work, by density functional theory calculations, we propose a scheme for generating pure spin current using SDSE in FM-ZGNRs by introducing antidots. Specifically, by creating a hexagonal antidot with either armchair edges or zigzag edges in the scattering region, we can get finite Seebeck thermopower for both spin channels with opposite signs, leading to the opposite flow directions of the two spin channels. The mechanism is well explained by the cooperation of the varying localization features of states around the Fermi level and the antidot induced scattering potential. By slightly tuning the chemical potential, pure spin current can be achieved. The size and edge shape effects have also been systematically studied. The findings indicate a novel scheme for thermally generating pure spin current in zigzag graphene nanoribbons and may find important application in graphene based spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhou
- College of Science, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, People's Republic of China
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24
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Morozov V, Tretyakov E. Spin polarization in graphene nanoribbons functionalized with nitroxide. J Mol Model 2019; 25:58. [PMID: 30737560 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fine-tuning of magnetic states via an understanding of spin injection on the edge of graphene nanoribbons should allow for greater flexibility of the design of graphene-based spintronics. On the basis of calculations, we predict that coupling constants of the exchange interaction in the series of nitroxide-functionalized ribbon compounds are antiferromagnetic across the ribbons with values 0.2-0.4 cm-1 and ferromagnetic along the ribbon with absolute values from 0.05 to 0.07 cm-1. Such interacting nitroxide groups induce spin polarization of the edge states of stable graphene nanoribbons. Graphical abstract Exchange coupling constants inducing spin polarization in graphene nanoribbons functionalized with nitroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Morozov
- International Tomography Center, 3a Institutskaya Str, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Evgeny Tretyakov
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Str, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. .,N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, 9 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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25
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Zhao GD, Li LM, Wang Y, Stroppa A, Zhang JH, Ren W. Modifying spin current filtering and magnetoresistance in a molecular spintronic device. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41587-41593. [PMID: 35559333 PMCID: PMC9092355 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07343k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The zigzag edged graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) is excellent for spintronics devices, and many efforts have been made to investigate its properties such as spin filtering, rectification and magnetoresistance. Here we propose a molecular spintronic transport device based on two ZGNR electrodes connected with a dibenzo[a,c]dibenzo[5,6:7,8]quinoxalino[2,3-i]phenazine (DDQP) molecule. By performing first-principles electron transport computations, we found an enhanced spin polarized current–voltage curve, giant spin filter efficiency, magnetoresistance and rectification ratio properties of the device compared to its all-carbon molecular analogue. Our systematic investigation suggests the vital role played in spin polarized electron transport by nitrogen atoms in DDQP, the ZGNR probe's width and terminal geometry, especially the increased spin filter efficiency with higher ZGNR width. Three general factors of the molecule device were investigated to enhance its spin filtering efficiency.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Zhao
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Physics Department, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China .,Materials Genome Institute and Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Li-Meng Li
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Physics Department, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China .,Materials Genome Institute and Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Yin Wang
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Physics Department, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Alessandro Stroppa
- CNR-SPIN Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila Italy.,International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Physics Department, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
| | - Ji-Hua Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University Guiyang 550018 China
| | - Wei Ren
- International Centre for Quantum and Molecular Structures, Physics Department, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China .,Materials Genome Institute and Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China
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26
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Yuan PF, Hu R, Fan ZQ, Zhang ZH. Phagraphene nanoribbons: half-metallicity and magnetic phase transition by functional groups and electric field. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:445802. [PMID: 30132442 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aadc30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanomaterials with the desirable nature are the basis for developing future spintronic devices, and research for them is of fundamental interest. Here, we explore the realization of half-metallicity and magnetic phase transition for phagraphene nanoribbons in virtue of functional groups (OH and CN) with different coverage fractions and external electric fields. The first-principles calculations show that a single-edge CN functionalization only makes a intrinsic spin-degenerate semiconducting ribbon converted to a quasi-metal or metal, while a single-edge OH modification leads to an occurrence of the half-semiconducting nature regardless of the coverage fraction of groups. Interestingly, the half-metal behavior for the CN and OH double-edge modified ribbons can be achieved either in the zero-electric-field intrinsic state for most of functionalized systems or at a very low electric field, 0.1 V Å-1. More importantly, the observed critical electric field for the transition from ferromagnetic to nonmagnetic phase is lowered significantly almost for all systems, this benefits to design a low electric-field-controlling magnetic switch which can reversibly work between both magnetic and nonmagnetic states. The calculated Gibbs free energy confirms that the group-modified ribbons generally hold a more favorable energy stability in most of the cases, facilitating likely experimental realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Yuan
- Institute of Nanomaterial and Nanostructure, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, People's Republic of China
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27
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Tuček J, Błoński P, Ugolotti J, Swain AK, Enoki T, Zbořil R. Emerging chemical strategies for imprinting magnetism in graphene and related 2D materials for spintronic and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:3899-3990. [PMID: 29578212 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00288b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, a single two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms with an arrangement mimicking the honeycomb hexagonal architecture, has captured immense interest of the scientific community since its isolation in 2004. Besides its extraordinarily high electrical conductivity and surface area, graphene shows a long spin lifetime and limited hyperfine interactions, which favors its potential exploitation in spintronic and biomedical applications, provided it can be made magnetic. However, pristine graphene is diamagnetic in nature due to solely sp2 hybridization. Thus, various attempts have been proposed to imprint magnetic features into graphene. The present review focuses on a systematic classification and physicochemical description of approaches leading to equip graphene with magnetic properties. These include introduction of point and line defects into graphene lattices, spatial confinement and edge engineering, doping of graphene lattice with foreign atoms, and sp3 functionalization. Each magnetism-imprinting strategy is discussed in detail including identification of roles of various internal and external parameters in the induced magnetic regimes, with assessment of their robustness. Moreover, emergence of magnetism in graphene analogues and related 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides, metal halides, metal dinitrides, MXenes, hexagonal boron nitride, and other organic compounds is also reviewed. Since the magnetic features of graphene can be readily masked by the presence of magnetic residues from synthesis itself or sample handling, the issue of magnetic impurities and correct data interpretations is also addressed. Finally, current problems and challenges in magnetism of graphene and related 2D materials and future potential applications are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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28
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Alaal N, Medhekar N, Shukla A. Tunable electronic properties of partially edge-hydrogenated armchair boron-nitrogen-carbon nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:10345-10358. [PMID: 29610823 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We employ a first-principles calculations based density-functional-theory (DFT) approach to study the electronic properties of partially and fully edge-hydrogenated armchair boron-nitrogen-carbon (BNC) nanoribbons (ABNCNRs), with widths between 0.85 nm to 2.3 nm. Due to the partial passivation of edges, the electrons, which do not participate in the bonding, form new energy states located near the Fermi-level. Because of these additional bands, some ABNCNRs exhibit metallic behavior, which is quite uncommon in armchair nanoribbons. Our calculations reveal that metallic behavior is observed for the following passivation patterns: (i) when the B atom from one edge and the N atom from another edge are unpassivated. (ii) when the N atoms from both the edges are unpassivated. (iii) when the C atom from one edge and the N atom from another edge are unpassivated. Furthermore, spin-polarization is also observed for certain passivation schemes, which is also quite uncommon for armchair nanoribbons. Thus, our results suggest that the ABNCNRs exhibit a wide range of electronic and magnetic properties in that the fully edge-hydrogenated ABNCNRs are direct band gap semiconductors, while the partially edge-hydrogenated ones are either semiconducting, or metallic, while simultaneously exhibiting spin polarization, based on the nature of passivation. We also find that the ribbons with larger widths are more stable as compared to the narrower ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Alaal
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, CSE Building 2nd Floor, IIT Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India and Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India. and Department of Physics, Bennett University, Plot No. 8-11, Tech. Zone II, Greater Noida 201310, UP, India
| | - Nikhil Medhekar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Alok Shukla
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India. and Department of Physics, Bennett University, Plot No. 8-11, Tech. Zone II, Greater Noida 201310, UP, India
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29
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Li H, Yu G, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Huang X, Chen W. Adsorbing the magnetic superhalogen MnCl 3 to realize intriguing half-metallic and spin-gapless-semiconducting behavior in zigzag or armchair SiC nanoribbon. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13167-13177. [PMID: 35542555 PMCID: PMC9079843 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of first-principles computations, we first propose a new and effective strategy through adsorbing the magnetic superhalogen MnCl3 to modulate the electronic and magnetic properties of zigzag- and armchair-edged SiC nanoribbons (zSiCNR and aSiCNR, respectively). In view of its large intrinsic magnetic moment and strong electron-withdrawing ability, the adsorption of magnetic superhalogen MnCl3 can introduce magnetism in the substrate SiCNR, and simultaneously induce the electron transfer process from SiCNR to MnCl3, resulting in the evident increase of electrostatic potential in the ribbon plane, like applying an electric field. As a result, the magnetic degeneracy of pristine zSiCNR can be broken and a robust ferromagnetic half-metallicity or metallicity can be observed in the modified zSiCNR systems, while a robust ferromagnetic half-metallic or spin-gapless-semiconducting behavior can be obtained in the modified aSiCNR systems. Note that both the appealing half-metallicity and spin-gapless-semiconductor behavior are key features which hold promise for future spintronic applications. Moreover, all of these new superhalogen-SiC nanosystems can possess considerably high structural stabilities. These intriguing findings will be advantageous for promoting excellent SiC-based nanomaterials in the applications of spintronics and multifunctional nanodevices in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Guangtao Yu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Zengsong Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Ma
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuri Huang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 People's Republic of China
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30
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Maschio L, Lorenz M, Pullini D, Sgroi M, Civalleri B. The unique Raman fingerprint of boron nitride substitution patterns in graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:20270-5. [PMID: 27406407 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02101h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride-substituted graphene (BNsG) two-dimensional structures are new materials of wide technological interest due to the rich variety of electronic structures and properties they can exploit. The ability to accurately characterize them is key to their future success. Here we show, by means of ab initio simulations, that the vibrational Raman spectra of such compounds are extremely sensitive to substitution motifs and concentration, and that each structure has unique and distinct features. This result can be useful as a guide for the optimization of production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Maschio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy. and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Centre, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Lorenz
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Daniele Pullini
- Centro Ricerche FIAT, Strada Torino 50, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Sgroi
- Centro Ricerche FIAT, Strada Torino 50, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Civalleri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy. and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Centre, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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31
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Strained zigzag graphene nanoribbon devices with vacancies as perfect spin filters. J Mol Model 2018; 24:35. [PMID: 29313152 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The transport properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons (zGNRs) were studied by density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with Green's function analysis. In particular, spin transport through a zGNR (12,0) device was investigated under the constraint of ferromagnetic coordination of the ribbon edges. Several configurations with two vacant sites in the edge and the bulk region of the zGNR device were derived from this system. For all structures, magnetocurrent ratios (MCRs) were recorded as a function of the bias as well as the amount of strain applied longitudinally to the devices. ZGNR devices with vacancies in the edge regime turn out to exhibit perfect spin-filter activity for well-defined choices of the strain and the bias, carrying completely polarized minority spin currents. In the alternative structure, characterized by vacancies in the bulk regime, spin currents with majority orientation prevail. With respect to both the sign and the size, the MCR is seen to depend sensitively on the device parameters, i.e., the vacancy locations, the bias, and the amount of strain. These results are interpreted in terms of density-of-states distributions, transmission spectra, and transmission operator eigenstates.
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32
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Choudhuri I, Pathak B. Ferromagnetism and Half-Metallicity in a High-Band-Gap Hexagonal Boron Nitride System. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:153-161. [PMID: 29028146 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metal-free half-metallicity is the subject of intense research in the field of spintronics devices. Using density functional theoretical calculations, atom-thin hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)-based systems are studied for possible spintronics applications. Ferromagnetism is observed in patterned C-doped h-BN systems. Interestingly, such a patterned C-doped h-BN exhibits half-metallicity with a Curie temperature of approximately 324 K at a particular C-doping concentration. It shows half-metallicity more than metal-free systems studied to date. Thus, such a BN-based system can be used to achieve a 100 % spin-polarised current at the Fermi level. Furthermore, this C-doped system shows excellent dynamical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Therefore, a stable metal-free planar ferromagnetic half-metallic h-BN-based system is proposed for use in room-temperature spintronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Choudhuri
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India.,Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore, Indore. M.P., 453552, India
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33
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Sarmah A, Hobza P. Sequential BN-doping induced tuning of electronic properties in zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbons: a computational approach. RSC Adv 2018; 8:10964-10974. [PMID: 35541531 PMCID: PMC9078980 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed first-principles methods to elaborate doping induced electronic and magnetic perturbations in one-dimensional zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) superlattices. Consequently, the incorporation of alternate boron and nitrogen (hole–electron) centers into the hexagonal network instituted substantial modulations to electronic and magnetic properties of ZGNR. Our theoretical analysis manifested some controlled changes to electronic and magnetic properties of the ZGNR by tuning the positions (array) of impurity centers in the carbon network. Subsequent DFT based calculations also suggested that the site-specific alternate electron–hole (B/N) doping could regulate the band-gaps of the superlattices within a broad range of energy. The consequence of variation in the width of ZGNR in the electronic environment of the system was also tested. The systematic analysis of various parameters such as the structural orientations, spin-arrangements, the density of states (DOS), band structures, and local density of states envisioned a basis for the band-gap engineering in ZGNR and attributed to its feasible applications in next generation electronic device fabrication. Incorporation of an alternate impurity array in the ZGNR don't break the spin-degeneracy, providing the freedom to tune the electronic behaviors without affecting the spin-dependent properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Sarmah
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Palacký University
- CZ–77146 Olomouc
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34
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Chen J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zheng X, Xiao L, Jia S, Wang J. Photogalvanic effect induced fully spin polarized current and pure spin current in zigzag SiC nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26744-26751. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05046e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using nonequilibrium Green's function combined with density functional theory, we investigate the spin-related current generated by the photogalvanic effect (PGE) in monolayer zigzag SiC nanoribbons (ZSiCNRs) by first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Physics
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics
| | - Liwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei 230031
- China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Physics and the Center of Theoretical and Computational Physics
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
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35
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He JJ, Guo YD, Yan XH, Zeng HL. Edge morphology induced rectifier diode effect in C3N nanoribbon. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:28759-28766. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05209c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We find that edge morphology induces interesting electronic transport properties in step-like heterojunction devices composed of width-variable zigzag C3N nanoribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing He
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province
| | - Yan-Dong Guo
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiao-Hong Yan
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering
- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province
| | - Hong-Li Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency and Micro Nano Electronics of Jiangsu Province
- Nanjing 210023
- China
- College of Natural Science
- Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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36
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Tao X, Zhang L, Zheng X, Hao H, Wang X, Song L, Zeng Z, Guo H. h-BN/graphene van der Waals vertical heterostructure: a fully spin-polarized photocurrent generator. NANOSCALE 2017; 10:174-183. [PMID: 29210400 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06159e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
By constructing transport junctions using graphene-based van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures in which a zigzag-edged graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) is sandwiched between two hexagonal boron-nitride sheets, we computationally demonstrate a new scheme for generating perfect spin-polarized quantum transport in ZGNRs by light irradiation. The mechanism lies in the lift of spin degeneracy of ZGNR induced by the stagger potential it receives from the BN sheets and the subsequent possibility of single spin excitation of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band by properly tuning the photon energy. This scheme is rather robust in that we always achieve desirable results irrespective of whether we decrease or increase the interlayer distance by applying compressive or tensile strain vertically to the sheets or shift the BN sheets in-plane relative to the graphene nanoribbons. More importantly, this scheme overcomes the long-standing difficulties in traditional ways of using solely electrical field or chemical modification for obtaining half-metallic transport in ZGNRs and thus paves a more feasible way for their application in spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
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37
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Ashton M, Gluhovic D, Sinnott SB, Guo J, Stewart DA, Hennig RG. Two-Dimensional Intrinsic Half-Metals With Large Spin Gaps. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5251-5257. [PMID: 28745061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Through a systematic search of all layered bulk compounds combined with density functional calculations employing hybrid exchange-correlation functionals, we predict a family of three magnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials with half-metallic band structures. The 2D materials, FeCl2, FeBr2, and FeI2, are all sufficiently stable to be exfoliated from bulk layered compounds. The Fe2+ ions in these materials are in a high-spin octahedral d6 configuration leading to a large magnetic moment of 4 μB. Calculations of the magnetic anisotropy show an easy-plane for the magnetic moment. A classical XY model with nearest neighbor coupling estimates critical temperatures, Tc, for the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition ranging from 122 K for FeI2 to 210 K for FeBr2. The quantum confinement of these 2D materials results in unusually large spin gaps, ranging from 4.0 eV for FeI2 to 6.4 eV for FeCl2, which should defend against spin current leakage even at small device length scales. Their purely spin-polarized currents and dispersive interlayer interactions should make these materials useful for 2D spin valves and other spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ashton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400, United States
| | - Dorde Gluhovic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-6200, United States
| | - Susan B Sinnott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16801-7003, United States
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-6200, United States
| | - Derek A Stewart
- San Jose Research Center, HGST, a Western Digital Company, San Jose, California 95119, United States
| | - Richard G Hennig
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400, United States
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38
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Choudhuri I, Pathak B. Ferromagnetism and Half-Metallicity in Atomically Thin Holey Nitrogenated Graphene Based Systems. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2336-2346. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Choudhuri
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore; Indore M.P. 453552 India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore; Indore M.P. 453552 India
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science; Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore; Indore M.P. 453552 India
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39
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Li X, Yang J. Low-dimensional half-metallic materials: theoretical simulations and design. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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40
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Li H, Chen W, Shen X, Liu J, Huang X, Yu G. Adsorbing the 3d-transition metal atoms to effectively modulate the electronic and magnetic behaviors of zigzag SiC nanoribbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:3694-3705. [PMID: 28094365 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06717d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of first-principles computations, we propose a simple and effective strategy through surface-adsorbing 3d-transition metal (TM) atoms, including Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe and Co, to modulate the electronic and magnetic behaviors of zigzag SiC nanoribbons (zSiCNRs), in view of the unique d electronic structures and intrinsic magnetic moments of TM atoms. It is revealed that like applying an electric field, the adsorption of these transition metal atoms can induce an evident change in the electrostatic potential of the substrate zSiCNRs owing to the electron transfer from the TM atom to the substrate. This can break the magnetic degeneracy of zSiCNRs and solely ferromagnetic (FM) or antiferromagnetic (AFM) metallicity and even intriguing FM or AFM half-metallicity can be observed in the TM-modified zSiCNR systems. Moreover, all these modified systems can exhibit considerably large adsorption energies ranging from -0.872 eV to -4.304 eV, indicating their considerably high structural stabilities. These intriguing findings will be advantageous for promoting excellent SiC-based nanomaterials in the practical application of spintronics and multifunctional nanodevices in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaopeng Shen
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuri Huang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangtao Yu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Kaplan A, Yuan Z, Benck JD, Govind Rajan A, Chu XS, Wang QH, Strano MS. Current and future directions in electron transfer chemistry of graphene. Chem Soc Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The participation of graphene in electron transfer chemistry, where an electron is transferred between graphene and other species, encompasses many important processes that have shown versatility and potential for use in important applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Kaplan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Jesse D. Benck
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Ananth Govind Rajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Ximo S. Chu
- Materials Science and Engineering
- School for Engineering of Matter
- Transport and Energy
- Arizona State University
- Tempe
| | - Qing Hua Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering
- School for Engineering of Matter
- Transport and Energy
- Arizona State University
- Tempe
| | - Michael S. Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
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42
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Yi WC, Liu W, Zhao L, Islam R, Miao MS, Liu JY. Asymmetric passivation of edges: a route to make magnetic graphene nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) are known to carry interesting properties beyond graphene, such as finite band gaps and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-cai Yi
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of California
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
| | - Rashed Islam
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
| | - Mao-sheng Miao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- California State University
- Northridge
- USA
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
| | - Jing-yao Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
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43
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Liu L, Li XF, Yan Q, Li QK, Zhang XH, Deng M, Qiu Q, Luo Y. Uniform and perfectly linear current–voltage characteristics of nitrogen-doped armchair graphene nanoribbons for nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:44-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06640b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Edge nitrogen-doping induces uniform and perfectly linearI–Vcharacteristics in AGNRs for nanowire applications in molectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Qing Yan
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Qin-Kun Li
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Hua Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Mingsen Deng
- Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology
- Guizhou Education University
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Qi Qiu
- School of Optoelectronic Information
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
- Chengdu
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology
- Guizhou Education University
- Guiyang
- China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale
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44
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Muhammad S, Nakano M, Al-Sehemi AG, Kitagawa Y, Irfan A, Chaudhry AR, Kishi R, Ito S, Yoneda K, Fukuda K. Role of a singlet diradical character in carbon nanomaterials: a novel hot spot for efficient nonlinear optical materials. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17998-18020. [PMID: 27722408 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon atoms have the potential to produce a variety of fascinating all-carbon structures with amazing electronic and mechanical properties. Over the last few decades, several efforts have been made using experimental and computational techniques to functionalize graphene, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes for potential use in modern hi-tech electronic, medicinal, optical and nonlinear optical (NLO) applications. Since photons replaced electrons as a carrier of information, the field of NLO material design has drawn immense interest in contemporary materials science. There have been several reports of bridging the gap between the exciting fields of carbon nanomaterials and NLO materials by functionalizing carbon nanomaterials for potential NLO applications. In contrast to previous reports of the design of third-order NLO materials using conventional closed-shell materials, a novel strategy using open-shell diradical molecular systems has recently been proposed. Quantum chemically, diradical character is explained in terms of the instability of the chemical bonds in open-shell molecular systems. Interestingly, several carbon nanomaterials, which naturally possess open-shell singlet configurations, have recently gained momentum in the design of these classes of open-shell NLO materials with excellent NLO properties, stability and diversity. The present review establishes a systematic sequence of different studies (spanning over two decades of intense research efforts), starting from the simplest theoretical two-site diradical model, continuing to its experimental and theoretical realization in actual chemical systems, and finally applying the abovementioned model/rule to novel carbon nanomaterials to tune their NLO properties, particularly their second hyperpolarizability (γ). In the present report, we highlight several recent efforts to functionalize carbon nanomaterials by exploiting their open-shell diradical character to achieve efficient third-order NLO properties. Several issues and opportunities are discussed, including the inherited disadvantages of both experimental (the high reactivity and short life of diradical compounds) and quantum (need for multi-reference methodology) techniques when dealing with carbon nanomaterials. A comparative analysis of several quantum chemical investigations, along with contemporary experimental results, will be performed to emphasize the core issues and opportunities related to carbon nanomaterials with singlet open-shell diradical character. Thus, the present review will highlight carbon nanomaterials with diradical/biradical character for their prospective applications in the NLO field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan. and Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia. and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan. and Center for Spintronics Research Network (CSRN), Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia. and Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aijaz R Chaudhry
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Soichi Ito
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Yoneda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nara College, 22 Yata-cho, Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fukuda
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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45
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Atomically Thin B doped g-C 3N 4 Nanosheets: High-Temperature Ferromagnetism and calculated Half-Metallicity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35768. [PMID: 27762348 PMCID: PMC5071904 DOI: 10.1038/srep35768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C4N3), which can be seen as C-doped graphitic-C3N4 (g-C3N4), was reported to display ferromagnetic ground state and intrinsic half-metallicity (Du et al., PRL,108,197207,2012), it has attracted numerous research interest to tune the electronic structure and magnetic properties of g-C3N4 due to their potential applications in spintronic devices. In this paper, we reported the experimentally achieving of high temperature ferromagnetism in metal-free ultrathin g-C3N4 nanosheets by introducing of B atoms. Further, first-principles calculation results revealed that the current flow in such a system was fully spin-polarized and the magnetic moment was mainly attributed to the p orbital of N atoms in B doped g-C3N4 monolayer, giving the theoretic evidence of the ferromagnetism and half-metallicity. Our finding provided a new perspective for B doped g-C3N4 spintronic devices in future.
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46
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Lu DB, Luo CG, Song YL, Pan QN, Pu CY. Electronic and Optical Properties of O-Terminated Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/29/cjcp1506125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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47
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Yu J, Hang Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Xu Y, Sun X, Zhou J, Guo W. Tunable electronic and magnetic properties of two-dimensional materials and their one-dimensional derivatives. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2016; 6:324-350. [PMID: 27818710 PMCID: PMC5069645 DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low‐dimensional materials exhibit many exceptional properties and functionalities which can be efficiently tuned by externally applied force or fields. Here we review the current status of research on tuning the electronic and magnetic properties of low‐dimensional carbon, boron nitride, metal‐dichalcogenides, phosphorene nanomaterials by applied engineering strain, external electric field and interaction with substrates, etc, with particular focus on the progress of computational methods and studies. We highlight the similarities and differences of the property modulation among one‐ and two‐dimensional nanomaterials. Recent breakthroughs in experimental demonstration of the tunable functionalities in typical nanostructures are also presented. Finally, prospective and challenges for applying the tunable properties into functional devices are discussed. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2016, 6:324–350. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1251 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. Conflict of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Jin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Yang Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Yufeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Xu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China
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48
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Sun Y, Yu G, Liu J, Shen X, Huang X, Chen W. Realizing diverse electronic and magnetic properties in hybrid zigzag BNC nanoribbons via hydrogenation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1326-40. [PMID: 26658552 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06069a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By means of first-principles DFT computations, we systematically investigate the geometries, stabilities, electronic and magnetic properties of fully and partially hydrogenated zigzag BNC nanoribbons (fH-zBNCNRs and pH-zBNCNRs) with interfacial N-C or B-C connections. It is revealed that in the lowest-lying configuration of hybrid fH-zBNCNRs, the constituent C and BN segments can possess respective chair and boat conformations and both of them are connected by the chair mode, independent of the N-C/B-C interface. Changing the ribbon width and the ratio of BN to C can endow these fH-zBNCNR systems with abundant electronic and magnetic properties involving nonmagnetic (NM) semiconductivity, ferromagnetic (FM) metallicity, antiferromagnetic (AFM) metallicity as well as AFM half-metallicity. Besides, manipulating the hydrogenation pattern and ratio can also result in rich electronic and magnetic behaviors in pH-zBNCNRs, where NM semiconductivity, AFM semiconductivity, AFM metallicity and even AFM spin gapless semiconductor are observed. Additionally, the origin of the magnetism in these hydrogenated zBNCNRs is analyzed in detail. Finally, all of these hydrogenated BNC structures can possess a favorable formation energy, large binding energy per hydrogen atom and high thermal stability, indicating the great possibility of their experimental realization by hydrogenating pristine zBNCNRs. These valuable insights can be advantageous for promoting hybrid BNC-based nanomaterials in the applications of spintronics and multifunctional nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Sun
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangtao Yu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaopeng Shen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuri Huang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Rai HM, Saxena SK, Mishra V, Late R, Kumar R, Sagdeo PR, Jaiswal NK, Srivastava P. Possibility of spin-polarized transport in edge fluorinated armchair boron nitride nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21832b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calculated DOS for edge-fluorinated. ABNNRs; featuring half-metallicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Mohan Rai
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Shailendra K. Saxena
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Vikash Mishra
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Ravikiran Late
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Pankaj R. Sagdeo
- Material Research Laboratory
- Discipline of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore
- India
| | - Neeraj K. Jaiswal
- Discipline of Physics
- PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology
- Design and Manufacturing
- Jabalpur-482005
- India
| | - Pankaj Srivastava
- Computational Nanoscience and Technology Lab. (CNTL)
- ABV-Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management
- Gwalior-474015
- India
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50
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Jiang X, Fang C, Zou D, Zhao W, Liu W, Kong X, Liu D. Vacancy-induced spin polarization in graphene and B–N nanoribbon heterojunctions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06229f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
By using nonequilibrium Green's functions (NEGF) and density functional theory (DFT), we investigate the spin-separated electronic transport properties in heterojunctions constructed by zigzag graphene and boron nitride nanoribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Jiang
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
- Department of Physics
| | - Changfeng Fang
- Department of Physics
- Jining University
- Qufu 273155
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqing Zou
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- School of Physics
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Physics
- Jining University
- Qufu 273155
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmu Kong
- College of Physics and Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
| | - Desheng Liu
- Department of Physics
- Jining University
- Qufu 273155
- People's Republic of China
- School of Physics
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