1
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Kim J, Thompson BR, Tominaga T, Osawa T, Egami T, Förster S, Ohl M, Senses E, Faraone A, Wagner NJ. Suppression of Segmental Chain Dynamics on a Particle's Surface in Well-Dispersed Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:720-725. [PMID: 38804976 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The Rouse dynamics of polymer chains in model nanocomposite polyethylene oxide/silica nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering. The apparent Rouse rate of the polymer chains decreases as the particle loading increases. However, there is no evidence of an immobile segment population on the probed time scale of tens of ps. The slowing down of the dynamics is interpreted in terms of modified Rouse models for the chains in the NP interphase region. Thus, two chain populations, one bulk-like and the other characterized by a suppression of Rouse modes, are identified. The spatial extent of the interphase region is estimated to be about twice the adsorbed layer thickness, or ≈2 nm. These findings provide a detailed description of the suppression of the chain dynamics on the surface of NPs. These results are relevant insights on surface effects and confinement and provide a foundation for the understanding of the rheological properties of polymer nanocomposites with well-dispersed NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyuk Kim
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Benjamin R Thompson
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Taiki Tominaga
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Takahito Osawa
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Egami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Stephan Förster
- Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich Centre for Neutron Science, Wilhelm Johnen Str. 1, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Michael Ohl
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich Centre for Neutron Science, Wilhelm Johnen Str. 1, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Erkan Senses
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Antonio Faraone
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Norman J Wagner
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, Center for Neutron Science, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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2
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Yang J, Chen Y, Yang Z, Dai L, Choi H, Meng Z. Unveiling the Nanoconfinement Effect on Crystallization of Semicrystalline Polymers Using Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1155. [PMID: 38675074 PMCID: PMC11053607 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Semicrystalline polymers under nanoconfinement show distinct structural and thermomechanical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Despite extensive research on semicrystalline polymers under nanoconfinement, the nanoconfinement effect on the local crystallization process and the unique structural evolution of such polymers have not been fully understood. In this study, we unveil such effects by using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to study the crystallization process of a model semicrystalline polymer-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-under different levels of nanoconfinement induced by nanoparticles that are represented implicitly. We quantify in detail the evolution of the degree of crystallinity (XC) of PVA and examine distinct crystalline regions from simulation results. The results show that nanoconfinement can promote the crystallization process, especially at the early stage, and the interfaces between nanoparticles and polymer can function as crystallite nucleation sites. In general, the final XC of PVA increases with the levels of nanoconfinement. Further, nanoconfined cases show region-dependent XC with higher and earlier increase of XC in regions closer to the interfaces. By tracking region-dependent XC evolution, our results indicate that nanoconfinement can lead to a heterogenous crystallization process with a second-stage crystallite nucleation in regions further away from the interfaces. In addition, our results show that even under very high cooling rates, the nanoconfinement still promotes the crystallization of PVA. This study provides important insights into the underlying mechanisms for the intricate interplay between nanoconfinement and the crystallization behaviors of semicrystalline polymer, with the potential to guide the design and characterization of semicrystalline polymer-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhaoxu Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA; (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.D.); (H.C.)
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3
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Feng Y, Li R, Mbonu C, Akcora P. Effect of Oligomer Addition on Tube Dilation in Polymer Nanocomposite Melts. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300620. [PMID: 38133122 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of adding oligomers on the rheological properties of polymer nanocomposite melts with the goal of enhancing the processability of nanocomposites. The scaling analysis of plateau modulus (GN ) is used in understanding the complex mechanical behavior of entangled poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) melts upon oligomer addition. Increasing the oligomer amount led to a decrease in GN and an apparent degree of entanglement (Z) in the neat polymer melt. The particle dispersion states at two particle loadings with oligomer addition are examined in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The dilution exponent is found unchanged at 7 and 17 vol% particle loadings for the well-dispersed PMA-SiO2 nanocomposites compared to the neat PMA solution. These findings suggest that attractive particles with strong interfacial layers do not influence the tube dilution scaling of the polymer with the oligomer. To the contrary, composites with weak polymer-particle interfaces demonstrate phase separation of particles when oligomers are introduced and its exponent for tube dilution scaling reaches 4 at a particle loading of 17 vol%, potentially indicating that network-forming clusters influence chain entanglements in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Ruhao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Christopher Mbonu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Pinar Akcora
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
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4
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Dittrich G, Cencha LG, Steinhart M, Wehrspohn RB, Berli CLA, Urteaga R, Huber P. Polymeric liquids in mesoporous photonic structures: From precursor film spreading to imbibition dynamics at the nanoscale. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:064903. [PMID: 38341790 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers are known to wet nanopores with high surface energy through an atomically thin precursor film followed by slower capillary filling. We present here light interference spectroscopy using a mesoporous membrane-based chip that allows us to observe the dynamics of these phenomena in situ down to the sub-nanometer scale at milli- to microsecond temporal resolution. The device consists of a mesoporous silicon film (average pore size 6 nm) with an integrated photonic crystal, which permits to simultaneously measure the phase shift of thin film interference and the resonance of the photonic crystal upon imbibition. For a styrene dimer, we find a flat fluid front without a precursor film, while the pentamer forms an expanding molecular thin film moving in front of the menisci of the capillary filling. These different behaviors are attributed to a significantly faster pore-surface diffusion compared to the imbibition dynamics for the pentamer and vice versa for the dimer. In addition, both oligomers exhibit anomalously slow imbibition dynamics, which could be explained by apparent viscosities of six and eleven times the bulk value, respectively. However, a more consistent description of the dynamics is achieved by a constriction model that emphasizes the increasing importance of local undulations in the pore radius with the molecular size and includes a sub-nanometer hydrodynamic dead, immobile zone at the pore wall but otherwise uses bulk fluid parameters. Overall, our study illustrates that interferometric, opto-fluidic experiments with mesoporous media allow for a remarkably detailed exploration of the nano-rheology of polymeric liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Dittrich
- Institute for Materials and X-Ray Physics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg-Harburg, Germany
| | - Luisa G Cencha
- IFIS-Litoral (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Guemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, Osnabrück University, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Ralf B Wehrspohn
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), 21 Kentech-gil, Naju 58330, South Korea
| | - Claudio L A Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raul Urteaga
- IFIS-Litoral (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Guemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Patrick Huber
- Institute for Materials and X-Ray Physics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg-Harburg, Germany
- Center for X-Ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Li X, He S, Jiang Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Liu X, Zhu F, Xie Y, Li Y, Ma C, Shen Z, Li B, Shen Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Nan CW. Unraveling bilayer interfacial features and their effects in polar polymer nanocomposites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5707. [PMID: 37714851 PMCID: PMC10504251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites with nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices have attracted extensive attention due to their significantly improved overall performance, in which the nanoparticle-polymer interface plays a key role. Understanding the structures and properties of the interfacial region, however, remains a major challenge for polymer nanocomposites. Here, we directly observe the presence of two interfacial polymer layers around a nanoparticle in polar polymers, i.e., an inner bound polar layer (~10 nm thick) with aligned dipoles and an outer polar layer (over 100 nm thick) with randomly orientated dipoles. Our results reveal that the impacts of the local nanoparticle surface potential and interparticle distance on molecular dipoles induce interfacial polymer layers with different polar molecular conformations from the bulk polymer. The bilayer interfacial features lead to an exceptional enhancement in polarity-related properties of polymer nanocomposites at ultralow nanoparticle loadings. By maximizing the contribution of inner bound polar layer via a nanolamination design, we achieve an ultrahigh dielectric energy storage density of 86 J/cm3, far superior to state-of-the-art polymers and nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanda Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yimei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youyong Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhonghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ce-Wen Nan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Shi L, Zhang L, Yang Y, Zhang H, Yao R, Yuan C, Cheng S. In Situ Nano-SiO 2 Electrospun Polyethylene-Oxide-Based Nano-Fiber Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1294. [PMID: 37049387 PMCID: PMC10096893 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) containing in situ SiO2 fillers are prepared using an electrostatic spinning method at room temperature. Through the in situ hydrolysis of tetraethyl silicate (TEOS), the generated SiO2 nanospheres are uniformly dispersed in the PEO matrix to form a 3D ceramic network, which enhances the mechanical properties of the electrolyte as a reinforcing phase. The interaction between SiO2 nanospheres and PEO chains results in chemical bonding with a decrease in the crystallinity of the PEO matrix, as well as the complexation strength of PEO chains with lithium ions during the hydrolysis process. Meanwhile, the addition of SiO2 nanospheres can disturb the orderliness of PEO chain segments and further suppress the crystallization of the PEO matrix. Therefore, improved mechanical/electrochemical properties can be obtained in the as-spun electrolyte with the unique one-dimensional high-speed ion channels. The electrospun CPE with in situ SiO2 (10 wt%, ca. 45 nm) has a higher ionic conductivity of 1.03 × 10-3 S cm-1 than that of the mechanical blending one. Meanwhile, the upper limit of the electrochemical stability window is up to 5.5 V versus Li+/Li, and a lithium-ion migration number can be of up to 0.282 at room temperature. In addition, in situ SiO2 electrospun CPE achieves a tensile strength of 1.12 MPa, elongation at the break of 488.1%, and it has an excellent plasticity. All in all, it is expected that the electrospun CPE prepared in this study is a promising one for application in an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery (LIB) with a high energy density, long life cycle, and high safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Longxing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yanping Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ruijie Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Caoquan Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shaobo Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (L.S.); (L.Z.)
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7
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Zhou Y, Zhang J, Huang J. Dynamic Propagation Depth in Substrate-Supported Polymer Films: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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8
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Mijangos C, Martin J. Polymerization within Nanoporous Anodized Alumina Oxide Templates (AAO): A Critical Survey. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030525. [PMID: 36771824 PMCID: PMC9919978 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, the polymerization of monomers within the nanocavities of porous materials has been thoroughly studied and developed, allowing for the synthesis of polymers with tailored morphologies, chemical architectures and functionalities. This is thus a subject of paramount scientific and technological relevance, which, however, has not previously been analyzed from a general perspective. The present overview reports the state of the art on polymerization reactions in spatial confinement within porous materials, focusing on the use of anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. It includes the description of the AAO templates used as nanoreactors. The polymerization reactions are categorized based on the polymerization mechanism. Amongst others, this includes electrochemical polymerization, free radical polymerization, step polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). For each polymerization mechanism, a further subdivision is made based on the nature of the monomer used. Other aspects of "in situ" polymerization reactions in restricted AAO geometries include: conversion monitoring, kinetic studies, modeling and polymer characterization. In addition to the description of the polymerization process itself, the use of polymer materials derived from polymerization in AAO templates in nanotechnology applications, is also highlighted. Finally, the review is concluded with a general discussion outlining the challenges that remain in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mijangos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC, Paseo de Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaime Martin
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Grupo de Polímeros, Centro de Investigacións Tecnolóxicas (CIT), Universidade da Coruña, 15471 Ferrol, Spain
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Chen Z, Zhou J, Jiang Y, Hu Z, Yin S, Wang Q, Innocent MT, Xiang H, Zhu M. Preparation of form‐stable silica/polyethylene glycol composites using flash‐drying for large‐scale melt‐spun fibers with thermal management property. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- Jiangsu Gem Advanced Fiber Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd Nantong China
| | - Yi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Zexu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
- College of Mechanical and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Siyu Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Mugaanire Tendo Innocent
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
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Tannoury L, Solar M, Paul W. Structure and dynamics of a 1,4-polybutadiene melt in an alumina nanopore: A molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:124901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0105313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results of Molecular Dynamics simulations of a chemically realistic model of 1,4-polybutadiene (PBD)confined in a cylindrical alumina nanopore of diameter 10 nm. The simulations are done at three different temperaturesabove the glass transition temperature T g . We investigate the density layering across the nanopore as well as theorientational ordering in the polymer melt, brought about by the confinement, on both the segmental and chain scales.For the chain scale ordering, the magnitude and orientation of the axes of the gyration tensor ellipsoid of single chainsare studied and are found to prefer to align parallel to the pore axis. Even though double bonds near the wall arepreferentially oriented along the pore walls, studying the nematic order parameter indicates that there is no nematicordering at the melt-wall interface. As for the dynamics in the melt, we focus here on the mean-square-displacement ofthe monomers for several layers across the nanopore as well as the movement of the chain center of mass which bothdisplay a slowing down of the dynamics in the layer at the wall. We also show the strong adsorption of the monomersto the pore wall at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama Tannoury
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Mathieu Solar
- Institut f. Physik, Institut National des Sciences Appliques, France
| | - Wolfgang Paul
- Institut f. Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
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11
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Ezquerro CS, Aznar JMG, Laspalas M. Prediction of the structure and mechanical properties of polycaprolactone-silica nanocomposites and the interphase region by molecular dynamics simulations: the effect of PEGylation. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2800-2813. [PMID: 35319045 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01794b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polymer/silica (PS) nanocomposites are, among numerous combinations of inorganic/organic nanocomposites, one of the most important materials reported in the literature and have been employed in a wide variety of applications. Due to this great interest in the scientific and industry community, knowledge about their physiochemistry allows for a better understanding of their development and improvement. One area of interest found in biopolymers is silica, where silica nanoparticles can be used to increase their mechanical properties and give them higher opportunities to replace synthetic plastics. With this aim in mind, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to predict the structure and mechanical properties of the interphase region and nanocomposite systems of polycaprolactone (PCL), a common poly(hydroxy acid) type biopolymer, reinforced with silica nanoparticles. Two types of nanoparticles were studied to assess the effect of PEGylation: hydroxyl (ungrafted) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (grafted or PEGylated) functionalized silica. The interaction energy between the nanoparticle and the polymeric matrix was determined, showing an increase of the affinity between each component due to the PEGylation of the nanoparticle. Through the analysis of polymer density profiles, the structure and thickness of the interphase region were determined, and it was observed that PEGylation increased the interphase thickness from 10.80 Å to 13.04 Å while it decreased the peak and average polymer density of the interphase region. Using compressed and expanded molecular models of the neat PCL polymer, the mechanical properties of the interphase region were related to its density through an interpolation model, and mechanical property profiles were obtained, from which the average values of the Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and shear modulus of the interphase region were calculated. Finally, the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were determined by molecular mechanics simulations, showing that the silica nanoparticles increased the stiffness of the composite system to about 7-8% with respect to that of the neat polymer, having a 2.09% weight of bare silica or 2.82% weight of PEGylated silica. PEGylation did not show an additional effect on the overall mechanical properties. A mean field micromechanics model (Mori-Tanaka) corroborated the properties calculated for the interphase region using MD simulations. It was concluded that the PEGylation of the nanoparticle improved the affinity, and thus the dispersion, of the silica nanoparticles towards the PCL matrix, but with no further increase in the mechanical properties of the composite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel Laspalas
- Aragon Institute of Technology ITAINNOVA, María de Luna 7-8, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.
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12
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Abstract
The lightweight and high-strength functional nanocomposites are important in many practical applications. Natural biomaterials with excellent mechanical properties provide inspiration for improving the performance of composite materials. Previous studies have usually focused on the bionic design of the material's microstructure, sometimes overlooking the importance of the interphase in the nanocomposite system. In this Perspective, we will focus on the construction and control of the interphase in confined space and the connection between the interphase and the macroscopic properties of the materials. We shall survey the current understanding of the critical size of the interphase and discuss the general rules of interphase formation. We hope to raise awareness of the interphase concept and encourage more experimental and simulation studies on this subject, with the aim of an optimal design and controllable preparation of polymer nanocomposite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
- School
of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- South
China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School
of Molecular Science and Engineering, South
China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials
and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
- Email
for J.Z.:
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology
of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic
of China
- Email for M.L.:
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13
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Kardasis P, Oikonomopoulos A, Sakellariou G, Steinhart M, Floudas G. Effect of Star Architecture on the Dynamics of 1,4- cis-Polyisoprene under Nanometer Confinement. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelos Oikonomopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Georgios Sakellariou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück D-49069, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina 45110, Greece
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14
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Salatto D, Carrillo JMY, Endoh MK, Taniguchi T, Yavitt BM, Masui T, Kishimoto H, Tyagi M, Ribbe AE, Garcia Sakai V, Kruteva M, Sumpter BG, Farago B, Richter D, Nagao M, Koga T. Structural and Dynamical Roles of Bound Polymer Chains in Rubber Reinforcement. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Salatto
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Jan-Michael Y. Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Maya K. Endoh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura-Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Benjamin M. Yavitt
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Tomomi Masui
- Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd., 1-1, 2-chome, Tsutsui-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 671-0027, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishimoto
- Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd., 1-1, 2-chome, Tsutsui-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 671-0027, Japan
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Alexander E. Ribbe
- Department for Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Victoria Garcia Sakai
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Margarita Kruteva
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bobby G. Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bela Farago
- Institut Laue−Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, BP 156-38042, Grenoble Cedex 9 38000, France
| | - Dieter Richter
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Michihiro Nagao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899-6102, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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15
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Darvishi S, Nazeer MA, Tyagi M, Zhang Q, Narayanan S, Kizilel S, Senses E. Nonlinear Architectures Can Alter the Dynamics of Polymer–Nanoparticle Composites. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Darvishi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- School of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8562, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2115, United States
| | - Qingteng Zhang
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Erkan Senses
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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16
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Bustamante-Torres M, Romero-Fierro D, Arcentales-Vera B, Pardo S, Bucio E. Interaction between Filler and Polymeric Matrix in Nanocomposites: Magnetic Approach and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2998. [PMID: 34503038 PMCID: PMC8434030 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polymer nanocomposites produced by combining nanofillers and a polymeric matrix are emerging as interesting materials. Polymeric composites have a wide range of applications due to the outstanding and enhanced properties that are obtained thanks to the introduction of nanoparticles. Therefore, understanding the filler-matrix relationship is an important factor in the continued growth of this scientific area and the development of new materials with desired properties and specific applications. Due to their performance in response to a magnetic field magnetic nanocomposites represent an important class of functional nanocomposites. Due to their properties, magnetic nanocomposites have found numerous applications in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, theranostics, etc. This article aims to provide an overview of the filler-polymeric matrix relationship, with a special focus on magnetic nanocomposites and their potential applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Bustamante-Torres
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | - David Romero-Fierro
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Belén Arcentales-Vera
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Samantha Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito 170702, Ecuador;
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito 170702, Ecuador;
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17
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Ultra-thin self-healing vitrimer coatings for durable hydrophobicity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5210. [PMID: 34471109 PMCID: PMC8410847 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Durable hydrophobic materials have attracted considerable interest in the last century. Currently, the most popular strategy to achieve hydrophobic coating durability is through the combination of a perfluoro-compound with a mechanically robust matrix to form a composite for coating protection. The matrix structure is typically large (thicker than 10 μm), difficult to scale to arbitrary materials, and incompatible with applications requiring nanoscale thickness such as heat transfer, water harvesting, and desalination. Here, we demonstrate durable hydrophobicity and superhydrophobicity with nanoscale-thick, perfluorinated compound-free polydimethylsiloxane vitrimers that are self-healing due to the exchange of network strands. The polydimethylsiloxane vitrimer thin film maintains excellent hydrophobicity and optical transparency after scratching, cutting, and indenting. We show that the polydimethylsiloxane vitrimer thin film can be deposited through scalable dip-coating on a variety of substrates. In contrast to previous work achieving thick durable hydrophobic coatings by passively stacking protective structures, this work presents a pathway to achieving ultra-thin (thinner than 100 nm) durable hydrophobic films.
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18
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Ok S, Vayer M, Sinturel C. A decade of innovation and progress in understanding the morphology and structure of heterogeneous polymers in rigid confinement. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7430-7458. [PMID: 34341814 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00522g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
When confined in nanoscale domains, polymers generally encounter changes in their structural, thermodynamics and dynamics properties compared to those in the bulk, due to the high amount of polymer/wall interfaces and limited amount of matter. The present review specifically deals with the confinement of heterogeneous polymers (i.e. polymer blends and block copolymers) in rigid nanoscale domains (i.e. bearing non-deformable solid walls) where the processes of phase separation and self-assembly can be deeply affected. This review focuses on the innovative contributions of the last decade (2010-2020), giving a summary of the new insights and understanding gained in this period. We conclude this review by giving our view on the most thriving directions for this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Ok
- Petroleum Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait.
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19
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Zhang B, Li J, Hu J, Liu L. Theory of polymer diffusion in polymer-nanoparticle mixtures: effect of nanoparticle concentration and polymer length. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:4632-4642. [PMID: 33949610 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of polymer-nanoparticle (NP) mixtures, which involves multiple scales and system-specific variables, has posed a long-standing challenge on its theoretical description. In this paper, we construct a microscopic theory for polymer diffusion in mixtures based on a combination of the generalized Langevin equation, mode-coupling approach, and polymer physics ideas. The parameter-free theory has an explicit expression and remains tractable on a pair correlation level with system-specific equilibrium structures as input. Taking a minimal polymer-NP mixture as an example, our theory correctly captures the dependence of polymer diffusion on NP concentration and average interparticle distance. Importantly, the polymer diffusion exhibits a power law decay as the polymer length increases at dense NPs and/or a long chain, which marks the emergence of entanglement-like motion. The work provides a first-principles theoretical foundation to investigate dynamic problems in diverse polymer nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, China
| | - Juanmei Hu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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20
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Drużbicki K, Gaboardi M, Fernandez-Alonso F. Dynamics & Spectroscopy with Neutrons-Recent Developments & Emerging Opportunities. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1440. [PMID: 33947108 PMCID: PMC8125526 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides an up-to-date overview of recent developments in neutron spectroscopic techniques and associated computational tools to interrogate the structural properties and dynamical behavior of complex and disordered materials, with a focus on those of a soft and polymeric nature. These have and continue to pave the way for new scientific opportunities simply thought unthinkable not so long ago, and have particularly benefited from advances in high-resolution, broadband techniques spanning energy transfers from the meV to the eV. Topical areas include the identification and robust assignment of low-energy modes underpinning functionality in soft solids and supramolecular frameworks, or the quantification in the laboratory of hitherto unexplored nuclear quantum effects dictating thermodynamic properties. In addition to novel classes of materials, we also discuss recent discoveries around water and its phase diagram, which continue to surprise us. All throughout, emphasis is placed on linking these ongoing and exciting experimental and computational developments to specific scientific questions in the context of the discovery of new materials for sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Drużbicki
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mattia Gaboardi
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Felix Fernandez-Alonso
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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21
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Martin-Fabiani I, Drakopoulos SX, Forte G, Prévost S, Hoffmann I, Ronca S. Chain Dynamics of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:460-465. [PMID: 35549228 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the melt chain dynamics of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and its composites with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets by means of neutron spin echo spectroscopy. For the GO concentrations explored, we observe hindered chain dynamics with respect to the pure UHMWPE. We propose a model where a fraction of the polymer is immobilized on top and at the bottom of GO sheets. This model enables us to provide a microscopic measurement of the adsorbed and free polymer fractions, as well as the thickness of the adsorbed layer. Our experiments provide experimental nanoscopic evidence of GO hindering entanglement formation in a polymer melt, a phenomenon that had been observed at the macroscale before via rheological measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Martin-Fabiani
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Stavros X. Drakopoulos
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ingo Hoffmann
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL), F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sara Ronca
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
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22
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Zhang S, Ji Z, Du G, Liu J, Zhou X, Xie Y. Temperature Induced Dimensional Tuning and Anomalous Deformation of Micro/Nanopores. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2766-2772. [PMID: 33710895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial nanopores have become a common toolbox in nanotechnologies, with dimension and geometry as predominant factors. Most fabrication technologies determine the pore size beforehand, but few exist that enable size-tuning post-manufacturing. In this work, we reported a type of ion track etched micro/nanopores on uniaxially drawn PET foils that enable irreversible thermal shrinkage, thus tuning the pore dimensions by increasing ambient temperatures. Importantly, we found a complex pore deformation process, which for a specific range of pore sizes and temperatures resulted in a peculiar "eye"-shaped appearance of the pore openings. We analyzed the mechanical stresses and theoretically illustrated the complex deformation process by a phase diagram. Temperature-induced dimensional tuning nanopores reduced maximally over 98% of ionic conduction in a single nanopore and 99% of pressure-driven flow in a pore-array membrane within few seconds at 90 °C, which is useful for temperature-modulated mass transport in nanotechnology and energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhenming Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Guanghua Du
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yanbo Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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23
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Schneider H, Roos M, Golitsyn Y, Steiner K, Saalwächter K. Dynamic Heterogeneity of Filler-Associated Interphases in Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100061. [PMID: 33759277 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dynamically inhomogeneous polymer systems exhibit interphases with mobility gradients. These are believed to play key roles in the material's performance. A prominent example is particle-filled rubber, a special case of a crosslinked polymer nanocomposite, where favorable rubber-filler interactions may give rise to a nanoscale immobilized layer around the filler, including regions of intermediate mobility. Such intermediate domains may either form a separate shell-like layer or be a manifestation of dynamic heterogeneities, in which case the intermediately mobile material would be dispersed in the form of nanometer-sized subdomains. In this contribution, bidirectional proton NMR spin diffusion (SD) experiments applied to silica-filled acrylate rubber are combined with numerical simulations to provide microscopic insights into this question. While model calculations for different scenarios fit the given data similarly well for longer SD mixing time, the short-time data do support the presence of dynamic heterogeneities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horst Schneider
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle, 06120, Germany
| | - Matthias Roos
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle, 06120, Germany
| | - Yury Golitsyn
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle, 06120, Germany
| | - Kerstin Steiner
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle, 06120, Germany
| | - Kay Saalwächter
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle, 06120, Germany
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24
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León-Boigues L, Pérez LA, Mijangos C. In Situ Synthesis of Poly(butyl methacrylate) in Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanoreactors by Radical Polymerization: A Comparative Kinetics Analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and 1H-NMR. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040602. [PMID: 33671387 PMCID: PMC7923008 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we explore the ability to generate well-defined poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) nanostructures by “in situ” polymerization of butyl methacrylate monomer (BMA). PBMA nanostructures of high and low aspect ratios have been successfully obtained through the free radical polymerization (FRP) of a BMA monomer in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoreactors of suitable size. A polymerization kinetics process has been followed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR).The determination of the kinetics of polymerization through DSC is based on a quick and direct analysis of the exothermic polymerization process, whereas the analysis through 1H-NMR also allows the unambiguous chemical analysis of the resulting polymer. When compared to bulk polymerization, both techniques demonstrate confinement effects. Moreover, DSC and 1H-NMR analysis give the same kinetics results and show a gel-effect in all the cases. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the PBMA obtained in AAO of 60–300 nm are between 30·103–175·103 g/mol. Even if the Mn value is lower with respect to that obtained in bulk polymerization, it is high enough to maintain the polymer properties. As determined by SEM morphological characterization, once extracted from the AAO nanoreactor, the polymer nanostructures show controlled homogeneous aspect/size all throughout the length of nanopillar over a surface area of few cm2. The Young’s modulus of low aspect ratio PBMA nanopillars determined by AFM gives a value of 3.1 ± 1.1 MPa. In this work, a 100% of PBMA polymer nanostructures are obtained from a BMA monomer in AAO templates through a quick double process: 30 min of monomer immersion at room temperature and 90 min of polymerization reaction at 60 °C. While the same nanostructures are obtained by polymer infiltration of PBMA at 200 °C in about 6 h, polymerization conditions are much softer than those corresponding to the polymer infiltration process. Furthermore, the 1H-NMR technique has been consolidated as a tool for studying the kinetics of the copolymerization reactions in confinement and the determination of monomer reactivity ratios.
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25
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Abstract
AbstractQuasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) allows measurement of the molecular displacements in time and space, from pico- to tens of nanoseconds and from Ångstroms to nanometers, respectively. The method probes dynamics from fast vibrational modes down to slow diffusive motion. Every scattering experiment leads to a dynamic structure factor $$S\left( {\vec Q,\omega } \right)$$
S
Q
→
,
ω
or its spatial and temporal Fourier transform (van Hove correlation function $$G\left( {\vec r,t} \right)$$
G
r
→
,
t
). This shows exactly where the atoms are and how they move. In this manuscript the basics of the QENS method are presented and a few examples highlighting the potentials of QENS are given: (i) diffusion of liquids and gases in nano- and mesoporous materials; (ii) hydrogen dynamics in a high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell (HT-PEFC) and (iii) influence of the surface interactions on polymer dynamics in nanopores.
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26
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Kuttich B, Hoffmann I, Stühn B. Disentangling of complex polymer dynamics under soft nanoscopic confinement. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10377-10385. [PMID: 33057543 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01058h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the complex interplay between host and guest dynamics for a polymer in soft confinement by a droplet-phase microemulsion. Intermediate scattering functions obtained by neutron spin echo spectroscopy are first analysed by means of an effective diffusion coefficient. From its dependence on the absolute of the scattering vector q we concluded a sophisticated model for the systems dynamics taking both polymer and microemulsion contributions into account. Global fitting of this model to the intermediate scattering functions at all measured q-values and all investigated confinement sizes eventually allows for a precise disentangling of the pure polymer dynamics in confinement from the overlaying microemulsion dynamics. Validity of our approach is further supported by numerical random walk calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Kuttich
- Experimental Condensed Matter Physics, TU Darmstadt, Germany
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27
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Cencha LG, Dittrich G, Huber P, Berli CLA, Urteaga R. Precursor Film Spreading during Liquid Imbibition in Nanoporous Photonic Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:234502. [PMID: 33337190 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.234502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When a macroscopic droplet spreads, a thin precursor film of liquid moves ahead of the advancing liquid-solid-vapor contact line. Whereas this phenomenon has been explored extensively for planar solid substrates, its presence in nanostructured geometries has barely been studied so far, despite its importance for many natural and technological fluid transport processes. Here we use porous photonic crystals in silicon to resolve by light interferometry capillarity-driven spreading of liquid fronts in pores of few nanometers in radius. Upon spatiotemporal rescaling the fluid profiles collapse on master curves indicating that all imbibition fronts follow a square-root-of-time broadening dynamics. For the simple liquid (glycerol) a sharp front with a widening typical of Lucas-Washburn capillary-rise dynamics in a medium with pore-size distribution occurs. By contrast, for a polymer (PDMS) a precursor film moving ahead of the main menisci entirely alters the nature of the nanoscale transport, in agreement with predictions of computer simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa G Cencha
- Polymer Reaction Engineering Group, INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Gemes 3450, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Guido Dittrich
- Hamburg University of Technology, Materials Physics and High-Resolution X-Ray Analytics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Huber
- Hamburg University of Technology, Materials Physics and High-Resolution X-Ray Analytics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Center for X-Ray and Nano Science, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
- University of Hamburg, Centre for Hybrid Nanostructures CHyN, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudio L A Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Raul Urteaga
- IFIS-Litoral (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Guemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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28
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Oda Y, Kawaguchi D, Morimitsu Y, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Direct observation of morphological transition for an adsorbed single polymer chain. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20914. [PMID: 33262397 PMCID: PMC7708982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the structure of polymers at solid interfaces is crucial for designing various polymer nano-composite materials from structural materials to nanomaterials for use in industry. To this end, the first step is to obtain information on how synthetic polymer chains adsorb onto a solid surface. We closely followed the trajectory of a single polymer chain on the surface as a function of temperature using atomic force microscopy. Combining the results with a full-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation revealed that the chain became more rigid on the way to reaching a pseudo-equilibrium state, accompanied by a change in its local conformation from mainly loops to trains. This information will be useful for regulating the physical properties of polymers at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Oda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuma Morimitsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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29
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Xu L, Shi TF, An LJ, Lu YY, Wang LN. Effect of Interfacial Adsorption on the Stability of Thin Polymer Films in a Solvent-induced Process. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Lai Y, Li M, Zhang M, Li X, Yuan J, Wang W, Zhou Q, Huang M, Yin P. Confinement Effect on the Surface of a Metal–Organic Polyhedron: Tunable Thermoresponsiveness and Water Permeability. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Lai
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mu Li
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinpei Li
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qianjie Zhou
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Mingjun Huang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Panchao Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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31
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Mapesa EU, Street DP, Heres MF, Kilbey SM, Sangoro J. Wetting and Chain Packing across Interfacial Zones Affect Distribution of Relaxations in Polymer and Polymer-Grafted Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel U. Mapesa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dayton P. Street
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Maximilian F. Heres
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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32
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Napolitano S. Irreversible adsorption of polymer melts and nanoconfinement effects. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:5348-5365. [PMID: 32419002 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00361a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For almost a decade, growing experimental evidence has revealed a strong correlation between the properties of nanoconfined polymers and the number of chains irreversibly adsorbed onto nonrepulsive interfaces, e.g. the supporting substrate of thin polymer coatings, or nanofillers dispersed in polymer melts. Based on such a correlation, it has already been possible to tailor structural and dynamics properties - such as the glass transition temperature, the crystallization rate, the thermal expansion coefficients, the viscosity and the wettability - of nanomaterials by controlling the adsorption kinetics. This evidence indicates that irreversible adsorption affects nanoconfinement effects. More recently, also the opposite phenomenon was experimentally observed: nanoconfinement alters interfacial interactions and, consequently, also the number of chains adsorbed in equilibrium conditions. In this review we discuss this intriguing interplay between irreversible adsorption and nanoconfinement effects in ultrathin polymer films. After introducing the methods currently used to prepare adsorbed layers and to measure the number of irreversibly adsorbed chains, we analyze the models employed to describe the kinetics of adsorption in polymer melts. We then discuss the structure of adsorbed polymer layers, focusing on the complex macromolecular architecture of interfacial chains and on their thermal expansion; we examine the way in which the structure of the adsorbed layer affects the thermal glass transition temperature, vitrification, and crystallization. By analyzing segmental dynamics of 1D confined systems, we describe experiments to track the changes in density during adsorption. We conclude this review with an analysis of the impact of nanoconfinement on adsorption, and a perspective on future work where we also address the key ideas of irreversibility, equilibration and long-range interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Napolitano
- Laboratory of Polymer and Soft Matter Dynamics, Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST), Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Bruxelles 1050, Belgium.
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Senses E, Darvishi S, Tyagi MS, Faraone A. Entangled Polymer Dynamics in Attractive Nanocomposite Melts. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Senses
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Saeid Darvishi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Madhu Sudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2115 United States
| | - Antonio Faraone
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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Kinsey T, Mapesa E, Cosby T, He Y, Hong K, Wang Y, Iacob C, Sangoro J. Elucidating the impact of extreme nanoscale confinement on segmental and chain dynamics of unentangled poly(cis-1,4-isoprene). THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2019; 42:137. [PMID: 31650417 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is employed to probe dynamics in low molecular weight poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) (PI) confined in unidirectional silica nanopores with mean pore diameter, D, of 6.5 nm. Three molecular weights of PI (3, 7 and 10 kg/mol) were chosen such that the ratio of D to the polymer radius of gyration, Rg, is varied from 3.4, 2.3 to 1.9, respectively. It is found that the mean segmental relaxation rate remains bulk-like but an additional process arises at lower frequencies with increasing molecular weight (decreasing D/Rg. In contrast, the mean relaxation rates of the end-to-end dipole vector corresponding to chain dynamics are found to be slightly slower than that in the bulk for the systems approaching D/Rg ∼ 2, but faster than the bulk for the polymer with the largest molecular weight. The analysis of the spectral shapes of the chain relaxation suggests that the resulting dynamics of the 10kg/mol PI confined at length-scales close to that of the Rg are due to non-ideal chain conformations under confinement decreasing the chain relaxation times. The understanding of these faster chain dynamics of polymers under extreme geometrical confinement is necessary in designing nanodevices that contain polymeric materials within substrates approaching the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kinsey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Emmanuel Mapesa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Tyler Cosby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Youjun He
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 37831, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ciprian Iacob
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, ICSI Rm. Valcea, Rm. Valcea, Romania
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Joshua Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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35
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Yu J, Wang C, Li S, Liu N, Zhu J, Lu Z. Li + -Containing, Continuous Silica Nanofibers for High Li + Conductivity in Composite Polymer Electrolyte. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902729. [PMID: 31497933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes have recently attracted significant attention toward safe and high-energy lithium chemistries. In particular, polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) have shown outstanding mechanical flexibility and manufacturing feasibility. However, their limited ionic conductivity, poor electrochemical stability, and insufficient mechanical strength are yet to be addressed. In this work, a novel CPE supported by Li+ -containing SiO2 nanofibers is developed. The nanofibers are obtained via sol-gel electrospinning, during which lithium sulfate is in situ introduced into the nanofibers. The uniform doping of Li2 SO4 in SiO2 nanofibers increases the Li+ conductivity of SiO2 , generates mesopores on the surface of SiO2 nanofibers, and improves the wettability between SiO2 and PEO. As a result, the obtained SiO2 /Li2 SO4 /PEO CPE yields high Li+ conductivity (1.3 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 60 °C, ≈4.9 times the Li2 SO4 -free CPE) and electrochemical stability. Furthermore, the all-solid-state LiFePO4 -Li full cell demonstrates stable cycling with high capacities (over 80 mAh g-1 , 50 cycles at C/2 at 60 °C). The Li+ -containing mesoporous SiO2 nanofibers show great potential as the filler for CPEs. Similar methods can be used to incorporate Li salts into other filler materials for CPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Shiheng Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Nian Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhenda Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- Research Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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36
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Abstract
We review recent neutron scattering work and related results from simulation and complementary techniques focusing on the microscopic dynamics of polymers under confinement. Confinement is either realized in model porous materials or in polymer nanocomposites (PNC). The dynamics of such confined polymers is affected on the local segmental level, the level of entanglements as well as on global levels: (i) at the segmental level the interaction with the surface is of key importance. At locally repulsive surfaces compared to the bulk the segmental dynamics is not altered. Attractive surfaces slow down the segmental dynamics in their neighborhood but do not give rise to dead, glassy layers. (ii) Confinement generally has little effect on the inter-chain entanglements: both for weakly as well as for marginally confined polymers the reptation tube size is not changed. Only for strongly confined polymers disentanglement takes place. Similarly, in PNC at higher NP loading disentanglement phenomena are observed; in addition, at very high loading a transition from polymer caused topological constraints to purely geometrical constraints is observed. (iii) On the more global scale NSE experiments revealed important information on the nature of the interphase between adsorbed layer and bulk polymer. (iv) Polymer grafts at NP mutually confine each other, an effect that is most pronounced for one component NP. (v) Global diffusion of entangled polymers both in weakly and strongly attractive PNC is governed by the ratio of bottle-neck to chain size that characterizes the 'entropic barrier' for global diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Richter
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.
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37
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Cao XZ, Merlitz H, Forest MG. Nanoparticle Loading of Unentangled Polymers Induces Entanglement-Like Relaxation Modes and a Broad Sol-Gel Transition. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4968-4973. [PMID: 31386385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We combine molecular dynamics simulations, imaging and data analysis, and the Green-Kubo summation formula for the relaxation modulus G(t) to elicit the structure and rheology of unentangled polymer-nanoparticle composites distinguished by small NPs and strong NP-monomer attraction, εNPM ≫ kBT. A reptation-like plateau emerges in G(t) beyond a terminal relaxation time scale as the volume fraction, cNP, of NPs increases, coincident with a structure transition. A condensed phase of NP-aggregates forms, tightly interlaced with thin sheets of polymer chains, the remaining phase consisting of free chains void of NPs. Rouse mode analyses are applied to the two individual phases, revealing that long-wavelength Rouse modes in the aggregate phase are the source of reptation-like relaxation. Imaging reveals chain motion confined within the thin sheets between NPs and exhibits a 2D analogue of classical reptation. In the NP-free phase, Rouse modes relax indistinguishable from a neat polymer melt. The Fourier transform of G(t) reveals a sol-gel transition across a broad frequency spectrum, tuned by cNP and εNPM above critical thresholds, below which all structure and rheological transitions vanish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zheng Cao
- Departments of Mathematics and Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3250, United States
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P.R. China
| | - Holger Merlitz
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Gregory Forest
- Departments of Mathematics and Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3250, United States
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38
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Christoulaki A, Chennevière A, Grillo I, Porcar L, Dubois E, Jouault N. A novel methodology to study nanoporous alumina by small-angle neutron scattering. J Appl Crystallogr 2019; 52:745-754. [PMID: 31396027 PMCID: PMC6662990 DOI: 10.1107/s160057671900726x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membranes are promising host systems for confinement of condensed matter. Characterizing their structure and composition is thus of primary importance for studying the behavior of confined objects. Here a novel methodology to extract quantitative information on the structure and composition of well defined AAO membranes by combining small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging is reported. In particular, (i) information about the pore hexagonal arrangement is extracted from SEM analysis, (ii) the best SANS experimental conditions to perform reliable measurements are determined and (iii) a detailed fitting method is proposed, in which the probed length in the fitting model is a critical parameter related to the longitudinal pore ordering. Finally, to validate this strategy, it is applied to characterize AAOs prepared under different conditions and it is shown that the experimental SANS data can be fully reproduced by a core/shell model, indicating the existence of a contaminated shell. This original approach, based on a detailed and complete description of the SANS data, can be applied to a variety of confining media and will allow the further investigation of condensed matter under confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Christoulaki
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Physicochimie des Electrolytes et des Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Chennevière
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Isabelle Grillo
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 GRENOBLE Cedex 9, France
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 GRENOBLE Cedex 9, France
| | - Emmanuelle Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Physicochimie des Electrolytes et des Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Jouault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire Physicochimie des Electrolytes et des Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005 Paris, France
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39
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Politidis C, Alexandris S, Sakellariou G, Steinhart M, Floudas G. Dynamics of Entangled cis-1,4-Polyisoprene Confined to Nanoporous Alumina. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios Sakellariou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Steinhart
- Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, D-49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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40
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Zuo B, Zhou H, Davis MJB, Wang X, Priestley RD. Effect of Local Chain Conformation in Adsorbed Nanolayers on Confined Polymer Molecular Mobility. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:217801. [PMID: 31283350 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.217801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces play an important role in modifying the dynamics of polymers confined to the nanoscale. We demonstrate that the distance over which an interface suppresses molecular mobility in poly(styrene) thin films can be systematically increased by tens of nanometers by controlling the chain of conformation, i.e., the height of the loops in irreversibly adsorbed nanolayers. These effects arise from topological interaction between adsorbed and neighboring unadsorbed chains, respectively, which increase their motional coupling to facilitate the propagation of suppressed dynamics originating at the interface, thus highlighting the ability to manipulate interfacial effects by local conformation of chains in adsorbed nanolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mary J B Davis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rodney D Priestley
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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41
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Senses E, Narayanan S, Faraone A. Nanoscale Particle Motion Reveals Polymer Mobility Gradient in Nanocomposites. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:558-562. [PMID: 35619363 PMCID: PMC11132598 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymer mobility near nanoparticle surfaces has been extensively discussed; however, direct experimental observation in the nanocomposite melts has been a difficult task. Here, by taking advantage of large dynamical asymmetry between the miscible matrix and surface-bound polymers, we highlighted their interphases and studied the resulting effect on the nanoparticle relaxation using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The local mobility gradient is signified by an unprecedented increase in the relaxation time at length scales on the order of polymer radius of gyration. The effect is accompanied by a transition from simple diffusive to subdiffusive behavior in accord with viscous and entangled dynamics of polymers in the matrix and in the interphase, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the nanoparticle-induced polymer mobility changes in the interphases of nanocomposite melts can be extracted from the length-scale-dependent slow particle motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Senses
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Antonio Faraone
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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42
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Genix AC, Bocharova V, Carroll B, Lehmann M, Saito T, Krueger S, He L, Dieudonné-George P, Sokolov AP, Oberdisse J. Understanding the Static Interfacial Polymer Layer by Exploring the Dispersion States of Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:17863-17872. [PMID: 31009193 PMCID: PMC6998785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and static properties of the interfacial region between polymer and nanoparticles have wide-ranging consequences on performances of nanomaterials. The thickness and density of the static layer are particularly difficult to assess experimentally due to superimposing nanoparticle interactions. Here, we tune the dispersion of silica nanoparticles in nanocomposites by preadsorption of polymer layers in the precursor solutions, and by varying the molecular weight of the matrix chains. Nanocomposite structures ranging from ideal dispersion to repulsive order or various degrees of aggregation are generated and observed by small-angle scattering. Preadsorbed chains are found to promote ideal dispersion, before desorption in the late stages of nanocomposite formation. The microstructure of the interfacial polymer layer is characterized by detailed modeling of X-ray and neutron scattering. Only in ideally well-dispersed systems a static interfacial layer of reduced polymer density over a thickness of ca. 2 nm is evidenced based on the analysis with a form-free density profile optimized using numerical simulations. This interfacial gradient layer is found to be independent of the thickness of the initially adsorbed polymer, but appears to be generated by out-of-equilibrium packing and folding of the preadsorbed layer. The impact of annealing is investigated to study the approach of equilibrium, showing that initially ideally well-dispersed systems adopt a repulsive hard-sphere structure, while the static interfacial layer disappears. This study thus promotes the fundamental understanding of the interplay between effects which are decisive for macroscopic material properties: polymer-mediated interparticle interactions, and particle interfacial effects on the surrounding polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Genix
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Michelle Lehmann
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Susan Krueger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Lilin He
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Julian Oberdisse
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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Mathur A, Pal D, Singh A, Sengupta A, Singh R, Chattopadhyay S. Violet Emission of ALD-Grown ZnO Nanostructures on Confined Polymer Films: Defect Origins and Emission Control via Interface Engineering Based on Confinement of the Bottom Polymer Template. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Mathur
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Dipayan Pal
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Ajaib Singh
- Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Amartya Sengupta
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Delhi 110016 India
| | - Rinki Singh
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Sudeshna Chattopadhyay
- Discipline of Physics; Discipline of Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science; Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
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Trazkovich AJ, Wendt MF, Hall LM. Effect of Copolymer Sequence on Local Viscoelastic Properties near a Nanoparticle. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Trazkovich
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Cooper Tire & Rubber Company, 701 Lima Ave., Findlay, Ohio 45840, United States
| | - Mitchell F. Wendt
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lisa M. Hall
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 140 W 19th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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45
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Zhang T, Winey KI, Riggleman RA. Polymer Conformations and Dynamics under Confinement with Two Length Scales. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Senses E, Tyagi M, Pasco M, Faraone A. Dynamics of Architecturally Engineered All-Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10807-10816. [PMID: 30299918 PMCID: PMC11168023 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present nanocomposite materials formed by using glassy star-shaped polymers as nanofillers and dispersing them in soft matrices. The resulting "architecturally engineered" polymer nanocomposites structurally reside between the linear homopolymer blends and the conventional polymer nanocomposites with inorganic fillers, inducing reinforcement, which can be as strong as that of solid nanoparticles, or softening depending on the compactness and concentration of the nanoparticles. Such behavior can be traced back to the dynamical features at the local segmental and the chain level, which we investigated using neutron scattering over a wide range of time and length scales in the glassy and melt states of the nanocomposites. The local and segmental dynamics as well as the degree of chain-chain entanglements are all modified by the star-shaped fillers. The presented approach to tuning the physical properties of all-polymer-based nanocomposites is readily adaptable to other polymer architectures with immediate applications in numerous areas including gas separation membranes, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and functional coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Senses
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899-8562 United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742-2115 , United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Koc University , Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450 , Sariyer , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899-8562 United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742-2115 , United States
| | - Madeleine Pasco
- Department of Biology , Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology , Terre Haute , Indiana 47803 , United States
| | - Antonio Faraone
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899-8562 United States
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A grazing incidence neutron spin echo study of near surface dynamics in p(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA) copolymer brushes. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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48
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Weidner MC, Evenson Z, Zamponi M, Possart W. Molecular Motion in Viscous DGEBA with Nanoparticles as Seen by Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zach Evenson
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Center; Physics Department; Technical University of Munich; D-85738 Germany
| | - Michaela Zamponi
- Juelich Center for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Center; D-85748 Germany
| | - Wulff Possart
- Adhesion and Interphases in Polymers; Saarland University; D-66123 Germany
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49
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Zhang X, Xie J, Shi F, Lin D, Liu Y, Liu W, Pei A, Gong Y, Wang H, Liu K, Xiang Y, Cui Y. Vertically Aligned and Continuous Nanoscale Ceramic-Polymer Interfaces in Composite Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Enhanced Ionic Conductivity. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3829-3838. [PMID: 29727578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Among all solid electrolytes, composite solid polymer electrolytes, comprised of polymer matrix and ceramic fillers, garner great interest due to the enhancement of ionic conductivity and mechanical properties derived from ceramic-polymer interactions. Here, we report a composite electrolyte with densely packed, vertically aligned, and continuous nanoscale ceramic-polymer interfaces, using surface-modified anodized aluminum oxide as the ceramic scaffold and poly(ethylene oxide) as the polymer matrix. The fast Li+ transport along the ceramic-polymer interfaces was proven experimentally for the first time, and an interfacial ionic conductivity higher than 10-3 S/cm at 0 °C was predicted. The presented composite solid electrolyte achieved an ionic conductivity as high as 5.82 × 10-4 S/cm at the electrode level. The vertically aligned interfacial structure in the composite electrolytes enables the viable application of the composite solid electrolyte with superior ionic conductivity and high hardness, allowing Li-Li cells to be cycled at a small polarization without Li dendrite penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , Sichuan 611731 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Feifei Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Dingchang Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Yayuan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Allen Pei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Yongji Gong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu , Sichuan 611731 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
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Golitsyn Y, Schneider GJ, Saalwächter K. Reduced-mobility layers with high internal mobility in poly(ethylene oxide)-silica nanocomposites. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:203303. [PMID: 28571377 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of poly(ethylene oxide) nanocomposites with spherical silica was studied by proton NMR spectroscopy, identifying and characterizing reduced-mobility components arising from either room-temperature lateral adsorption or possibly end-group mediated high-temperature bonding to the silica surface. The study complements earlier neutron-scattering results for some of the samples. The estimated thickness of a layer characterized by significant internal mobility resembling backbone rotation ranges from 2 nm for longer (20 k) chains adsorbed on 42 nm diameter particles to 0.5 nm and below for shorter (2 k) chains on 13 nm particles. In the latter case, even lower adsorbed amounts are found when hydroxy endgroups are replaced by methyl endgroups. Both heating and water addition do not lead to significant changes of the observables, in contrast to other systems such as acrylate polymers adsorbed to silica, where temperature- and solvent-induced softening associated with a glass transition temperature gradient was evidenced. We highlight the actual agreement and complementarity of NMR and neutron scattering results, with the earlier ambiguities mainly arising from different sensitivities to the component fractions and the details of their mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Golitsyn
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Street 7, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Gerald J Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Kay Saalwächter
- Institut für Physik-NMR, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Street 7, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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