1
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Habibović D, Jašarević AS, Busuladžić M, Milošević DB. High-order above-threshold ionisation of diatomic molecules by few-cycle bicircular and orthogonally polarised two-colour pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19008-19020. [PMID: 38953886 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01271b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Improved molecular strong-field approximation theory is used to calculate the ionisation probability for the high-order above-threshold ionisation process induced by a few-cycle pulse with two carrier frequencies and one envelope. The asymmetry in the photoelectron momentum distribution is due to the ultrashort nature of the driving pulse and due to the relative orientation of the molecule with respect to the laser field. We introduce the generalised asymmetry parameter, which can be used to quantitatively measure the asymmetry between the photoelectron spectra along arbitrarily many selected directions. We investigate the difference between the asymmetry parameters calculated for atomic and molecular targets and show that the contributions to the asymmetry strongly depend on the type of the employed driving pulse. For the driving pulse with components that are linearly polarised with mutually orthogonal polarisations, we find that the main source of the asymmetry, especially in the high-energy part of the spectrum, is the ultrashort nature of the pulse. The relative orientation of the molecule with respect to the laser pulse only affects the low- and medium-energy parts of the spectrum. On the other hand, for the driving pulse with circularly polarised counterrotating components, the asymmetry introduced by molecular orientation is more pronounced. We also analyse the influence of the characteristics of molecular orbitals on the asymmetries using the examples of N2 and O2 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Habibović
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Abdulah S Jašarević
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Mustafa Busuladžić
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Čekaluša 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dejan B Milošević
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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2
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de las Heras A, Bonafé FP, Hernández-García C, Rubio A, Neufeld O. Tunable Tesla-Scale Magnetic Attosecond Pulses through Ring-Current Gating. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:11160-11167. [PMID: 38054653 PMCID: PMC10726360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Coherent control over electron dynamics in atoms and molecules using high-intensity circularly polarized laser pulses gives rise to current loops, resulting in the emission of magnetic fields. We propose, and demonstrate with ab initio calculations, "current-gating" schemes to generate direct or alternating-current magnetic pulses in the infrared spectral region, with highly tunable waveform and frequency, and showing femtosecond-to-attosecond pulse duration. In optimal conditions, the magnetic pulse can be highly isolated from the driving laser and exhibits a high flux density (∼1 T at a few hundred nanometers from the source, with a pulse duration of 787 attoseconds) for application in forefront experiments of ultrafast spectroscopy. Our work paves the way toward the generation of attosecond magnetic fields to probe ultrafast magnetization, chiral responses, and spin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba de las Heras
- Grupo
de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica,
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Franco P. Bonafé
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Grupo
de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica,
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Center
for Computational Quantum Physics, The Flatiron
Institute, New York 10010, United States
- Nano-Bio
Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco, San Sebastían 20018, Spain
| | - Ofer Neufeld
- Max
Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center
for Free-Electron Laser Science, Hamburg 22761, Germany
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3
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Perosa G, Wätzel J, Garzella D, Allaria E, Bonanomi M, Danailov MB, Brynes A, Callegari C, De Ninno G, Demidovich A, Di Fraia M, Di Mitri S, Giannessi L, Manfredda M, Novinec L, Pal N, Penco G, Plekan O, Prince KC, Simoncig A, Spampinati S, Spezzani C, Zangrando M, Berakdar J, Feifel R, Squibb RJ, Coffee R, Hemsing E, Roussel E, Sansone G, McNeil BWJ, Ribič PR. Femtosecond Polarization Shaping of Free-Electron Laser Pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:045001. [PMID: 37566861 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.045001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser (FEL) pulses with time-dependent polarization. To achieve polarization modulation on a femtosecond timescale, we combine two mutually delayed counterrotating circularly polarized subpulses from two cross-polarized undulators. The polarization profile of the pulses is probed by angle-resolved photoemission and above-threshold ionization of helium; the results agree with solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The stability limit of the scheme is mainly set by electron-beam energy fluctuations, however, at a level that will not compromise experiments in the XUV. Our results demonstrate the potential to improve the resolution and element selectivity of methods based on polarization shaping and may lead to the development of new coherent control schemes for probing and manipulating core electrons in matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Perosa
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jonas Wätzel
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - David Garzella
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonanomi
- Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, 5001 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | | | - Michele Di Fraia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - Simone Di Mitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- ENEA C.R. Frascati, 00044 Frascati (Roma), Italy
| | | | - Luka Novinec
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nitish Pal
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Penco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Oksana Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kevin C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Spezzani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - Jamal Berakdar
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Raimund Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41133 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Richard J Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41133 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ryan Coffee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Erik Hemsing
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Eléonore Roussel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8523 - PhLAM - Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Giuseppe Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brian W J McNeil
- University of Strathclyde (SUPA), Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
- Cockcroft Institute, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
- ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, United Kingdom
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4
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Kaneyasu T, Hikosaka Y, Wada S, Fujimoto M, Ota H, Iwayama H, Katoh M. Time domain double slit interference of electron produced by XUV synchrotron radiation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6142. [PMID: 37061592 PMCID: PMC10105747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a new realization of the time-domain double-slit experiment with photoelectrons, demonstrating that spontaneous radiation from a bunch of relativistic electrons can be used to control the quantum interference of single-particles. The double-slit arrangement is realized by a pair of light wave packets with attosecond-controlled spacing, which is naturally included in the spontaneous radiation from two undulators in series. Photoelectrons emitted from helium atoms are observed in the energy-domain under the condition of detecting them one by one, and the stochastic buildup of the quantum interference pattern on a detector plane is recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kaneyasu
- SAGA Light Source, Tosu, 841-0005, Japan.
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Y Hikosaka
- Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - S Wada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Fujimoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - H Ota
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - H Iwayama
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Sokendai (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - M Katoh
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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5
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Davino M, McManus E, Helming NG, Cheng C, Moǧol G, Rodnova Z, Harrison G, Watson K, Weinacht T, Gibson GN, Saule T, Trallero-Herrero CA. A plano-convex thick-lens velocity map imaging apparatus for direct, high resolution 3D momentum measurements of photoelectrons with ion time-of-flight coincidence. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:013303. [PMID: 36725611 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since their inception, velocity map imaging (VMI) techniques have received continued interest in their expansion from 2D to 3D momentum measurements through either reconstructive or direct methods. Recently, much work has been devoted to the latter of these by relating electron time-of-flight (TOF) to the third momentum component. The challenge is having a timing resolution sufficient to resolve the structure in the narrow (<10 ns) electron TOF spread. Here, we build upon the work in VMI lens design and 3D VMI measurement by using a plano-convex thick-lens (PCTL) VMI in conjunction with an event-driven camera (TPX3CAM) providing TOF information for high resolution 3D electron momentum measurements. We perform simulations to show that, with the addition of a mesh electrode to the thick-lens geometry, the resulting plano-convex electrostatic field extends the detectable electron cutoff energy range while retaining the high resolution. This design also extends the electron TOF range, allowing for a better momentum resolution along this axis. We experimentally demonstrate these capabilities by examining above-threshold ionization in xenon, where the apparatus is shown to collect electrons of energy up to ∼7 eV with a TOF spread of ∼30 ns, both of which are improved compared to a previous work by factors of ∼1.4 and ∼3.75, respectively. Finally, the PCTL-VMI is equipped with a coincident ion TOF spectrometer, which is shown to effectively extract unique 3D momentum distributions for different ionic species in a gas mixture. These techniques have the potential to lend themselves to more advanced measurements involving systems where the electron momentum distributions possess non-trivial symmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Davino
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Edward McManus
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Nora G Helming
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Chuan Cheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Gönenç Moǧol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Zhanna Rodnova
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Geoffrey Harrison
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Kevin Watson
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Thomas Weinacht
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - George N Gibson
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Tobias Saule
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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6
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Oelmann JH, Heldt T, Guth L, Nauta J, Lackmann N, Wössner V, Kokh S, Pfeifer T, López-Urrutia JRC. Photoelectron tomography with an intra-cavity velocity-map imaging spectrometer at 100 MHz repetition rate. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:123303. [PMID: 36586896 DOI: 10.1063/5.0104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a compact velocity-map imaging (VMI) spectrometer for photoelectron imaging at 100 MHz repetition rate. Ultrashort pulses from a near-infrared frequency comb laser are amplified in a polarization-insensitive passive femtosecond enhancement cavity. In the focus, multi-photon ionization (MPI) of gas-phase atoms is studied tomographically by rotating the laser polarization. We demonstrate the functioning of the VMI spectrometer by reconstructing photoelectron angular momentum distributions from xenon MPI. Our intra-cavity VMI setup collects electron energy spectra at high rates, with the advantage of transferring the coherence of the cavity-stabilized femtosecond pulses to the electrons. In addition, the setup will allow studies of strong-field effects in nanometric tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Oelmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Heldt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Guth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Nauta
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - N Lackmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - V Wössner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kokh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Majczak MM, Cajiao Vélez F, Kamiński JZ, Krajewska K. Carrier-envelope-phase and helicity control of electron vortices and spirals in photodetachment. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:43330-43341. [PMID: 36523033 DOI: 10.1364/oe.473929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Formation of electron vortices and spirals in photodetachment from the H- anion driven by isolated ultrashort laser pulses of circular polarization or by pairs of such pulses (of either co-rotating or counter-rotating polarizations) are analyzed under the scope of the strong-field approximation. It is demonstrated that the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) and helicity of each individual pulse can be used to actively manipulate and control the vortical and spiral patterns in the probability amplitude of photodetachment. Specifically, we show that the vortical patterns can be rotated in momentum space by the CEP of the driving pulse (or, of two identical pulses); thus, offering a tool of pulse characterization. For co-rotating pulses of arbitrary CEPs, a novel type of structured vortices is discovered. Also, we demonstrate that the momentum spirals are formed when photodetachment is driven by two pulses of time-reversal symmetry, which is accompanied by absolute disappearance of vortical structures. Hence, we attribute the spiral formation to annihilation of vortices with antivortices, which are generated by time-reversed pulses comprising the train. Finally, the CEP and helicity control of spiral structures is demonstrated, leading to their rotation in momentum space.
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8
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Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M. Molecular Free Electron Vortices in Photoionization by Polarization-Tailored Ultrashort Laser Pulses. Front Chem 2022; 10:899461. [PMID: 35720990 PMCID: PMC9201240 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.899461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic and molecular free electron vortices (FEVs), characterized by their spiral-shaped momentum distribution, have recently attracted a great deal of attention due to their varied shapes and their unusual topological properties. Shortly after their theoretical prediction by the single-photon ionization (SPI) of He atoms using pairs of counterrotating circularly polarized attosecond pulses, FEVs have been demonstrated experimentally by the multiphoton ionization (MPI) of alkali atoms using single-color and bichromatic circularly polarized femtosecond pulse sequences. Recently, we reported on the analysis of the experimental results employing a numerical model based on the ab initio solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) for a two-dimensional (2D) atom interacting with a polarization-shaped ultrashort laser field. Here, we apply the 2D TDSE model to study molecular FEVs created by SPI and MPI of a diatomic molecule using polarization-tailored single-color and bichromatic femtosecond pulse sequences. We investigate the influence of the coupled electron-nuclear dynamics on the vortex formation dynamics and discuss the effect of CEP- and rotational averaging on the photoelectron momentum distribution. By analyzing how the molecular structure and dynamics is imprinted in the photoelectron spirals, we explore the potential of molecular FEVs for ultrafast spectroscopy.
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9
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Fang Y, Guo Z, Ge P, Dou Y, Deng Y, Gong Q, Liu Y. Probing the orbital angular momentum of intense vortex pulses with strong-field ionization. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:34. [PMID: 35132069 PMCID: PMC8821541 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of femtosecond lasers, the generation and application of optical vortices have been extended to the regime of intense-light-matter interaction. The characterization of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of intense vortex pulses is very critical. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel photoelectron-based scheme that can in situ distinguish the OAM of the focused intense femtosecond optical vortices without the modification of light helical phase. We employ two-color co-rotating intense circular fields in the strong-field photoionization experiment, in which one color light field is a plane wave serving as the probing pulses and the other one is the vortex pulses whose OAM needs to be characterized. We show that by controlling the spatial profile of the probing pulses, the OAM of the vortex pulses can be clearly identified by measuring the corresponding photoelectron momentum distributions or angle-resolved yields. This work provides a novel in situ detection scenario for the light pulse vorticity and has implications for the studies of ultrafast and intense complex light fields with optical OAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhenning Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Peipei Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yankun Dou
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongkai Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology, HEDPS, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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10
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Hu F, Zhang Q, Cao J, Hong Z, Cao W, Lu P. Generation of 5.2 fs, energy scalable blue pulses. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:389-392. [PMID: 35030613 DOI: 10.1364/ol.447424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter, ultrashort blue pulses spanning 350-500 nm are generated by combining the broadband frequency doubling technology with the two-stage multiplate continuum (MPC) generation scheme. We prepare relatively broadband input pulses and use a two-stage configuration for MPC generation, allowing us to employ thinner and less solid plates for further spectral broadening. Therefore, the deteriorations of the spectral phase, energy conversion efficiency, and beam quality, which occur more easily for 400 nm pulses, are effectively suppressed. After fine dispersion management, we obtain clean 5.2 fs blue pulses with a root-mean-square energy stability of 0.69% over one hour and excellent beam quality. Furthermore, lower than 8% energy loss during the spectral broadening process at each stage is achieved. The overall optimized performances and energy scalability of this blue pulse, as well as the possibility of further compressing the pulse duration, are likely to motivate more strong-field research with sub-cycle time resolution in this extended wavelength range.
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11
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Ma MY, Wang JP, Jing WQ, Guan Z, Jiao ZH, Wang GL, Chen JH, Zhao SF. Controlling the atomic-orbital-resolved photoionization for neon atoms by counter-rotating circularly polarized attosecond pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:33245-33256. [PMID: 34809140 DOI: 10.1364/oe.438045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the atomic-orbital-resolved vortex-shaped photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) and ionization probabilities by solving the two-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation (2D-TDSE) of neon in a pair of delayed counter-rotating circularly polarized attosecond pulses. We found that the number of spiral arms in vortex patterns is twice the number of absorbed photons when the initial state is the ψm=±1 state, which satisfy a change from c2n+2 to c2n (n is the number of absorbed photons) rotational symmetry of the vortices if the 2p state is replaced by 2p+ or 2p- states. For two- and three-photon ionization, the magnetic quantum number dependence of ionization probabilities is quite weak. Interestingly, single-photon ionization is preferred when the electron and laser field corotate and ionization probabilities of 2p- is much larger than that of 2p+ if the proper time delay and wavelength are used. The relative ratio of ionization probabilities between 2p- and 2p+ is insensitive to laser peak intensity, which can be controlled by changing the wavelength, time delay, relative phase and amplitude ratio of two attosecond pulses.
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12
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Kang Y, Pisanty E, Ciappina M, Lewenstein M, Figueira de Morisson Faria C, Maxwell AS. Conservation laws for electron vortices in strong-field ionisation. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. D, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 2021; 75:199. [PMID: 34720728 PMCID: PMC8550503 DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We investigate twisted electrons with a well-defined orbital angular momentum, which have been ionised via a strong laser field. By formulating a new variant of the well-known strong field approximation, we are able to derive conservation laws for the angular momenta of twisted electrons in the cases of linear and circularly polarised fields. In the case of linear fields, we demonstrate that the orbital angular momentum of the twisted electron is determined by the magnetic quantum number of the initial bound state. The condition for the circular field can be related to the famous ATI peaks, and provides a new interpretation for this fundamental feature of photoelectron spectra. We find the length of the circular pulse to be a vital factor in this selection rule and, employing an effective frequency, we show that the photoelectron OAM emission spectra are sensitive to the parity of the number of laser cycles. This work provides the basic theoretical framework with which to understand the OAM of a photoelectron undergoing strong field ionisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Kang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Emilio Pisanty
- Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Marcelo Ciappina
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- Physics Program, Guangdong Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063 Guangdong China
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Maciej Lewenstein
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrew S. Maxwell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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Maxwell AS, Armstrong GSJ, Ciappina MF, Pisanty E, Kang Y, Brown AC, Lewenstein M, Figueira de Morisson Faria C. Manipulating twisted electrons in strong-field ionization. Faraday Discuss 2021; 228:394-412. [PMID: 33591304 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the discrete orbital angular momentum (OAM) of photoelectrons freed in strong-field ionization. We use these 'twisted' electrons to provide an alternative interpretation on existing experimental work of vortex interferences caused by strong field ionization mediated by two counter-rotating circularly polarized pulses separated by a delay. Using the strong field approximation, we derive an interference condition for the vortices. In computations for a neon target we find very good agreement of the vortex condition with photoelectron momentum distributions computed with the strong field approximation, as well as with the time-dependent methods Qprop and R-Matrix. For each of these approaches we examine the OAM of the photoelectrons, finding a small number of vortex states localized in separate energy regions. We demonstrate that the vortices arise from the interference of pairs of twisted electron states. The OAM of each twisted electron state can be directly related to the number of arms of the spiral in that region. We gain further understanding by recreating the vortices with pairs of twisted electrons and use this to determine a semiclassical relation for the OAM. A discussion is included on measuring the OAM in strong field ionization directly or by employing specific laser pulse schemes as well as utilizing the OAM in time-resolved imaging of photo-induced dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Maxwell
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. and ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G S J Armstrong
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M F Ciappina
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain and Physics Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China and Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - E Pisanty
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Y Kang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - A C Brown
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M Lewenstein
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain and ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Spain
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Qi H, Lian Z, Fei D, Chen Z, Hu Z. Manipulation of matter with shaped-pulse light field and its applications. ADVANCES IN PHYSICS: X 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2021.1949390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Qi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Advanced Light Field and Modern Medical Treatment Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenzhong Lian
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dehou Fei
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Advanced Light Field and Modern Medical Treatment Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhan Hu
- Advanced Light Field and Modern Medical Treatment Science and Technology Innovation Center of Jilin Province, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ben S, Chen S, Bi CR, Chen J, Liu XS. Investigation of electron vortices in time-delayed circularly polarized laser pulses with a semiclassical perspective. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:29442-29454. [PMID: 33114844 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate strong-filed electron vortices in time-delayed circularly polarized laser pulses by a generalized quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo (GQTMC) model. Vortex interference patterns in photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) with various laser parameters can be well reproduced by the semiclassical simulation. The phase difference responsible for the interference structures is analytically identified through trajectory-based analysis and simple-man theory, which reveal the underlying mechanism of electron vortex phenomena for both co-rotating and counter-rotating component. This semiclassical analysis can also demonstrate the influences of laser intensity and wavelength on the number of arms of vortices. Furthermore, we show the influence of the Coulomb effect on the PMDs. Finally, the controlling of the ionization time intervals in the tens to hundreds of attosecond magnitude is qualitatively discussed.
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Ji L, Yu WW, Han SY, Han YF, Zhen Q, Zhang SQ, Liu XS. Trajectories of electron vortices in photoionization by bichromatic co-rotating circularly polarized laser fields. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang R, Zhang Q, Ran C, Cao W, Lu P. Proposal for detecting ring current via electron vortices. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1383-1386. [PMID: 32163971 DOI: 10.1364/ol.388516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In an intense circularly polarized laser field, the excitation of the atoms shows a strong dependence on the orbital helicity. The resonant excitation starting from the ground state with $ m = - 1 $m=-1 occurs much more easily in the left-handed circularly polarized (LCP with $ m = + 1 $m=+1) pulse than in the right-handed circularly polarized (RCP with $ m = - 1 $m=-1) pulse. In this Letter, we numerically demonstrate that the orbital-helicity-dependent two-photon-resonant excitation leads to the photoelectron vortex pattern in the polarization plane being sensitive to the sequence of the two counter-rotating circularly polarized pulses in xenon, which enables the detection of the ring currents associated with different quantum states. These results also provide an effective way for controlling the rotational symmetry of the electron vortex.
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Shu CC, Guo Y, Yuan KJ, Dong D, Bandrauk AD. Attosecond all-optical control and visualization of quantum interference between degenerate magnetic states by circularly polarized pulses. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:960-963. [PMID: 32058517 DOI: 10.1364/ol.386879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlling coherence and interference of quantum states is one of the central goals in quantum science. Different from energetically discrete quantum states, however, it remains a demanding task to visualize coherent properties of degenerate states (e.g., magnetic sublevels). It becomes further inaccessible in the absence of an external perturbation (e.g., Zeeman effect). Here, we present a theoretical analysis of all-optical control of degenerate magnetic states in the molecular hydrogen ion, $ {\rm H}_2^ + $H2+, by using two time-delayed co- and counterrotating circularly polarized attosecond extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses. We perform accurate simulations to examine this model by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. A counterintuitive phenomenon of quantum interference between degenerate magnetic sublevels appears in the time-dependent electronic probability density, which is observable by using x-ray-induced transient angular and energy-resolved photoelectron spectra. This work provides an insight into quantum interference of electron dynamics inside molecules at the quantum degeneracy level.
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Zhen Q, Zhang HD, Zhang SQ, Ji L, Han T, Liu XS. Generation of electron vortices in photoionization by counter-rotating circularly polarized attosecond pulses. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Odd electron wave packets from cycloidal ultrashort laser fields. Nat Commun 2019; 10:658. [PMID: 30737394 PMCID: PMC6368582 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Polarization-tailored bichromatic femtosecond laser fields with cycloidal polarization profiles have emerged as a powerful tool for coherent control of quantum processes. We present an optical scheme to create and manipulate three-dimensional free electron wave packets with arbitrary rotational symmetry by combining advanced supercontinuum pulse shaping with high resolution photoelectron tomography. Here we use carrier-envelope phase-stable polarization-tailored bichromatic (3ω:4ω) counter- and corotating femtosecond laser pulses to generate 7-fold rotational symmetric and asymmetric photoelectron momentum distributions by multiphoton ionization of sodium atoms. To elucidate the physical mechanisms, we investigate the interplay between the symmetry properties of the driving field and the resulting electron wave packets by varying the optical field parameters. Our results show that the symmetry properties of electron wave packets are not fully determined by the field symmetry, but completely described by multipath quantum interference of states with different angular momenta. Laser fields can be tuned to probe electronic motion in atoms and molecules. Here the authors ionize Na atoms using bichromatic pulses to generate electron wave packets of crescent-shaped and 7-fold rotational symmetry which do not follow the field symmetry but are determined by multiphoton interference.
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Xiao XR, Wang MX, Liang H, Gong Q, Peng LY. Proposal for Measuring Electron Displacement Induced by a Short Laser Pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:053201. [PMID: 30822010 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.053201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In laser-matter interaction, most previous studies have focused on the change of the electron momentum induced by the external fields. Here, we theoretically investigate the electron displacement induced by an ultrashort pulse, whose precise waveform is hard to determine experimentally. We propose and numerically demonstrate a scheme to accurately measure the electron displacement using a ruler formed by the interfering spirals in the photoelectron momentum distribution generated by two oppositely circularly polarized pulses. The scheme is robust against the focusing volume effects and the jitter of the carrier envelope phase of the two circular pulses. The ability to measure the electron displacement by an arbitrary pulse may pave the way to quantitative control of the charge migration in matter on the scale of Ångström.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ru Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mu-Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Liang-You Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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Gazibegović-Busuladžić A, Becker W, Milošević DB. Helicity asymmetry in strong-field ionization of atoms by a bicircular laser field. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:12684-12697. [PMID: 29801305 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.012684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ionization of atoms by an intense bicircular laser field is considered, which consists of two coplanar corotating or counterrotating circularly polarized field components with frequencies that are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. Emphasis is on the effect of a reversal of the helicities of the two field components on the photoelectron spectra. The velocity maps of the liberated electrons are calculated using the direct strong-field approximation (SFA) and its improved version (ISFA), which takes into account rescattering off the parent ion. Under the SFA all symmetries of the driving field are preserved in the velocity map while the ISFA violates certain reflection symmetries. This allows one to assess the significance of rescattering in actual data obtained from an experiment or a numerical simulation.
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Neufeld O, Cohen O. Optical Chirality in Nonlinear Optics: Application to High Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:133206. [PMID: 29694217 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.133206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Optical chirality (OC)-one of the fundamental quantities of electromagnetic fields-corresponds to the instantaneous chirality of light. It has been utilized for exploring chiral light-matter interactions in linear optics, but has not yet been applied to nonlinear processes. Motivated to explore the role of OC in the generation of helically polarized high-order harmonics and attosecond pulses, we first separate the OC of transversal and paraxial beams to polarization and orbital terms. We find that the polarization-associated OC of attosecond pulses corresponds approximately to that of the pump in the quasimonochromatic case, but not in the multichromatic pump cases. We associate this discrepancy with the fact that the polarization OC of multichromatic pumps vary rapidly in time along the optical cycle. Thus, we propose new quantities, noninstantaneous polarization-associated OC, and time-scale-weighted polarization-associated OC, and show that these quantities link the chirality of multichromatic pumps and their generated attosecond pulses. The presented extension to OC theory should be useful for exploring various nonlinear chiral light-matter interactions. For example, it stimulates us to propose a tricircular pump for generation of highly elliptical attosecond pulses with a tunable ellipticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofer Neufeld
- Solid State Institute and Physics department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Oren Cohen
- Solid State Institute and Physics department, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Li M, Zhang G, Kong X, Wang T, Ding X, Yao J. Dynamic Stark induced vortex momentum of hydrogen in circular fields. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:878-886. [PMID: 29401967 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report our numerical simulation on the symmetry distortion and mechanism of the vortex-shaped momentum distribution of hydrogen atom by taking into account of the dynamic Stark effect. By deploying the strong field approximation (SFA) theory, we performed extensive simulation on the momentum pattern of hydrogen ionized by two time-delayed oppositely circularly polarized attosecond pulses. We deciphered that this distortion is originated from the temporal characteristics of the dynamic Stark phase which is nonlinear in time.
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Li Z, Li Y, Xie B. Momentum Vortices on Pairs Production by Two Counter-Rotating Fields. Int J Clin Exp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.076010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Tancogne-Dejean N, Mücke OD, Kärtner FX, Rubio A. Ellipticity dependence of high-harmonic generation in solids originating from coupled intraband and interband dynamics. Nat Commun 2017; 8:745. [PMID: 28963478 PMCID: PMC5622149 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00764-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The strong ellipticity dependence of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in gases enables numerous experimental techniques that are nowadays routinely used, for instance, to create isolated attosecond pulses. Extending such techniques to solids requires a fundamental understanding of the microscopic mechanism of HHG. Here we use first-principles simulations within a time-dependent density-functional framework and show how intraband and interband mechanisms are strongly and differently affected by the ellipticity of the driving laser field. The complex interplay between intraband and interband effects can be used to tune and improve harmonic emission in solids. In particular, we show that the high-harmonic plateau can be extended by as much as 30% using a finite ellipticity of the driving field. We furthermore demonstrate the possibility to generate, from single circularly polarized drivers, circularly polarized harmonics. Our work shows that ellipticity provides an additional knob to experimentally optimize HHG in solids.The mechanisms of high-order harmonic generation in bulk system and dilute gas are different. Here the authors use first-principle methods to explore the ellipticity dependence and control of the HHG in periodic solids by involving the interband and intraband dynamics in Si and MgO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
- European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Oliver D Mücke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz X Kärtner
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angel Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
- European Theoretical Spectroscopy Facility (ETSF), Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.
- Physics Department, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.
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Kerbstadt S, Timmer D, Englert L, Bayer T, Wollenhaupt M. Ultrashort polarization-tailored bichromatic fields from a CEP-stable white light supercontinuum. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:12518-12530. [PMID: 28786608 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.012518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We apply ultrafast polarization shaping to an ultrabroadband carrier envelope phase (CEP) stable white light supercontinuum to generate polarization-tailored bichromatic laser fields of low-order frequency ratio. The generation of orthogonal linearly and counter-rotating circularly polarized bichromatic fields is achieved by introducing a composite polarizer in the Fourier plane of a 4 f polarization shaper. The resulting Lissajous- and propeller-type polarization profiles are characterized experimentally by cross-correlation trajectories. The scheme provides full control over all bichromatic parameters and allows for individual spectral phase modulation of both colors. Shaper-based CEP control and the generation of tailored bichromatic fields is demonstrated. These bichromatic CEP-stable polarization-shaped ultrashort laser pulses provide a versatile class of waveforms for coherent control experiments.
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