1
|
Devlin SW, Bernal F, Riffe EJ, Wilson KR, Saykally RJ. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Water at interfaces. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:9-37. [PMID: 37795954 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00147d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article we discuss current issues in the context of the four chosen subtopics for the meeting: dynamics and nano-rheology of interfacial water, electrified/charged aqueous interfaces, ice interfaces, and soft matter/water interfaces. We emphasize current advances in both theory and experiment, as well as important practical manifestations and areas of unresolved controversy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane W Devlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Franky Bernal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erika J Riffe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin R Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Richard J Saykally
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Woodahl C, Jamnuch S, Amado A, Uzundal CB, Berger E, Manset P, Zhu Y, Li Y, Fong DD, Connell JG, Hirata Y, Kubota Y, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Te Velthuis SGE, Tepavcevic S, Matsuda I, Drisdell WS, Schwartz CP, Freeland JW, Pascal TA, Zong A, Zuerch M. Probing lithium mobility at a solid electrolyte surface. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:848-852. [PMID: 37106132 PMCID: PMC10313518 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes overcome many challenges of present-day lithium ion batteries, such as safety hazards and dendrite formation1,2. However, detailed understanding of the involved lithium dynamics is missing due to a lack of in operando measurements with chemical and interfacial specificity. Here we investigate a prototypical solid-state electrolyte using linear and nonlinear extreme-ultraviolet spectroscopies. Leveraging the surface sensitivity of extreme-ultraviolet-second-harmonic-generation spectroscopy, we obtained a direct spectral signature of surface lithium ions, showing a distinct blueshift relative to bulk absorption spectra. First-principles simulations attributed the shift to transitions from the lithium 1 s state to hybridized Li-s/Ti-d orbitals at the surface. Our calculations further suggest a reduction in lithium interfacial mobility due to suppressed low-frequency rattling modes, which is the fundamental origin of the large interfacial resistance in this material. Our findings pave the way for new optimization strategies to develop these electrochemical devices via interfacial engineering of lithium ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Woodahl
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angelique Amado
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Can B Uzundal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Emma Berger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Paul Manset
- École Normale Supérieure - PSL, Paris, France
| | - Yisi Zhu
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Dillon D Fong
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Justin G Connell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | | | - Yuya Kubota
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Tono
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Sanja Tepavcevic
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Walter S Drisdell
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Craig P Schwartz
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - John W Freeland
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Tod A Pascal
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Alfred Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany.
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, MacArthur J, Littleton S, Dunne M, Huang Z, Zhu D. Femtosecond-Terawatt Hard X-Ray Pulse Generation with Chirped Pulse Amplification on a Free Electron Laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:213901. [PMID: 36461971 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.213901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Advances of high intensity lasers have opened up the field of strong field physics and led to a broad range of technological applications. Recent x-ray laser sources and optics development makes it possible to obtain extremely high intensity and brightness at x-ray wavelengths. In this Letter, we present a system design that implements chirped pulse amplification for hard x-ray free electron lasers. Numerical modeling with realistic experimental parameters shows that near-transform-limit single-femtosecond hard x-ray laser pulses with peak power exceeding 1 TW and brightness exceeding 4×10^{35} s^{-1} mm^{-2} mrad^{-2}0.1% bandwdith^{-1} can be consistently generated. Realization of such beam qualities is essential for establishing systematic and quantitative understanding of strong field x-ray physics and nonlinear x-ray optics phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Li
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - James MacArthur
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sean Littleton
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Mike Dunne
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Zhirong Huang
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hoffmann L, Jamnuch S, Schwartz CP, Helk T, Raj SL, Mizuno H, Mincigrucci R, Foglia L, Principi E, Saykally RJ, Drisdell WS, Fatehi S, Pascal TA, Zuerch M. Saturable Absorption of Free-Electron Laser Radiation by Graphite near the Carbon K-Edge. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8963-8970. [PMID: 36165491 PMCID: PMC9549516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of intense light with matter gives rise to competing nonlinear responses that can dynamically change material properties. Prominent examples are saturable absorption (SA) and two-photon absorption (TPA), which dynamically increase and decrease the transmission of a sample depending on pulse intensity, respectively. The availability of intense soft X-ray pulses from free-electron lasers (FELs) has led to observations of SA and TPA in separate experiments, leaving open questions about the possible interplay between and relative strength of the two phenomena. Here, we systematically study both phenomena in one experiment by exposing graphite films to soft X-ray FEL pulses of varying intensity. By applying real-time electronic structure calculations, we find that for lower intensities the nonlinear contribution to the absorption is dominated by SA attributed to ground-state depletion; our model suggests that TPA becomes more dominant for larger intensities (>1014 W/cm2). Our results demonstrate an approach of general utility for interpreting FEL spectroscopies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hoffmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS
Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical
Engineering, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Craig P. Schwartz
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Nevada
Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University
of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Tobias Helk
- Institute
of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Helmholtz
Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sumana L. Raj
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hikaru Mizuno
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Laura Foglia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone
Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emiliano Principi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone
Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Richard J. Saykally
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Walter S. Drisdell
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Shervin Fatehi
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio
Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78539, United States
| | - Tod A. Pascal
- ATLAS
Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical
Engineering, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Sustainable
Power and Energy Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Andersen JH, Nanda KD, Krylov AI, Coriani S. Cherry-Picking Resolvents: Recovering the Valence Contribution in X-ray Two-Photon Absorption within the Core-Valence-Separated Equation-of-Motion Coupled-Cluster Response Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6189-6202. [PMID: 36084326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Calculations of first-order response wave functions in the X-ray regime often diverge within correlated frameworks such as equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD), a consequence of the coupling with the valence ionization continuum. Here, we extend our strategy of introducing a hierarchy of approximations to the EOM-EE-CCSD resolvent (or, inversely, the model Hamiltonian) involved in the response equations for the calculation of X-ray two-photon absorption (X2PA) cross sections. We exploit the frozen-core core-valence separation (fc-CVS) scheme to first decouple the core and valence Fock spaces, followed by a separate approximate treatment of the valence resolvent. We demonstrate the robust convergence of X-ray response calculations within this framework and compare X2PA spectra of small benchmark molecules with the previously reported density functional theory results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josefine H Andersen
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kaushik D Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Anna I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rottke H, Engel RY, Schick D, Schunck JO, Miedema PS, Borchert MC, Kuhlmann M, Ekanayake N, Dziarzhytski S, Brenner G, Eichmann U, von Korff Schmising C, Beye M, Eisebitt S. Probing electron and hole colocalization by resonant four-wave mixing spectroscopy in the extreme ultraviolet. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn5127. [PMID: 35594356 PMCID: PMC9122317 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extending nonlinear spectroscopic techniques into the x-ray domain promises unique insight into photoexcited charge dynamics, which are of fundamental and applied interest. We report on the observation of a third-order nonlinear process in lithium fluoride (LiF) at a free-electron laser. Exploring the yield of four-wave mixing (FWM) in resonance with transitions to strongly localized core exciton states versus delocalized Bloch states, we find resonant FWM to be a sensitive probe for the degree of charge localization: Substantial sum- and difference-frequency generation is observed exclusively when in a one- or three-photon resonance with a LiF core exciton, with a dipole forbidden transition affecting details of the nonlinear response. Our reflective geometry-based approach to detect FWM signals enables the study of a wide variety of condensed matter sample systems, provides atomic selectivity via resonant transitions, and can be easily scaled to shorter wavelengths at free-electron x-ray lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horst Rottke
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Y. Engel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schick
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan O. Schunck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Piter S. Miedema
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin C. Borchert
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marion Kuhlmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nagitha Ekanayake
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Günter Brenner
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Eichmann
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens von Korff Schmising
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Beye
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Eisebitt
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Separating Non-linear Optical Signals of a Sample from High Harmonic Radiation in a Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2022-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Uzundal CB, Jamnuch S, Berger E, Woodahl C, Manset P, Hirata Y, Sumi T, Amado A, Akai H, Kubota Y, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Freeland JW, Schwartz CP, Drisdell WS, Matsuda I, Pascal TA, Zong A, Zuerch M. Polarization-Resolved Extreme-Ultraviolet Second-Harmonic Generation from LiNbO_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:237402. [PMID: 34936786 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.237402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy ubiquitously enables the investigation of surface chemistry, interfacial chemistry, as well as symmetry properties in solids. Polarization-resolved SHG spectroscopy in the visible to infrared regime is regularly used to investigate electronic and magnetic order through their angular anisotropies within the crystal structure. However, the increasing complexity of novel materials and emerging phenomena hampers the interpretation of experiments solely based on the investigation of hybridized valence states. Here, polarization-resolved SHG in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV-SHG) is demonstrated for the first time, enabling element-resolved angular anisotropy investigations. In noncentrosymmetric LiNbO_{3}, elemental contributions by lithium and niobium are clearly distinguished by energy dependent XUV-SHG measurements. This element-resolved and symmetry-sensitive experiment suggests that the displacement of Li ions in LiNbO_{3}, which is known to lead to ferroelectricity, is accompanied by distortions to the Nb ion environment that breaks the inversion symmetry of the NbO_{6} octahedron as well. Our simulations show that the measured second harmonic spectrum is consistent with Li ion displacements from the centrosymmetric position while the Nb─O bonds are elongated and contracted by displacements of the O atoms. In addition, the polarization-resolved measurement of XUV-SHG shows excellent agreement with numerical predictions based on dipole-induced SHG commonly used in the optical wavelengths. Our result constitutes the first verification of the dipole-based SHG model in the XUV regime. The findings of this work pave the way for future angle and time-resolved XUV-SHG studies with elemental specificity in condensed matter systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can B Uzundal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92023, USA
| | - Emma Berger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Clarisse Woodahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Paul Manset
- Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yasuyuki Hirata
- National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan
| | - Toshihide Sumi
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Angelique Amado
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Hisazumi Akai
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yuya Kubota
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kensuke Tono
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - John W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Craig P Schwartz
- Nevada Extreme Conditions Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Walter S Drisdell
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tod A Pascal
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92023, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92023, USA
- Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92023, USA
| | - Alfred Zong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schwartz CP, Raj SL, Jamnuch S, Hull CJ, Miotti P, Lam RK, Nordlund D, Uzundal CB, Das Pemmaraju C, Mincigrucci R, Foglia L, Simoncig A, Coreno M, Masciovecchio C, Giannessi L, Poletto L, Principi E, Zuerch M, Pascal TA, Drisdell WS, Saykally RJ. Angstrom-Resolved Interfacial Structure in Buried Organic-Inorganic Junctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:096801. [PMID: 34506179 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.096801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Charge transport processes at interfaces play a crucial role in many processes. Here, the first soft x-ray second harmonic generation (SXR SHG) interfacial spectrum of a buried interface (boron-Parylene N) is reported. SXR SHG shows distinct spectral features that are not observed in x-ray absorption spectra, demonstrating its extraordinary interfacial sensitivity. Comparison to electronic structure calculations indicates a boron-organic separation distance of 1.9 Å, with changes of less than 1 Å resulting in easily detectable SXR SHG spectral shifts (ca. hundreds of milli-electron volts).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craig P Schwartz
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sumana L Raj
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
| | - Chris J Hull
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Paolo Miotti
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council of Italy, via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, via Gradenigo 6/B, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Royce K Lam
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Can B Uzundal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Chaitanya Das Pemmaraju
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Riccardo Mincigrucci
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Foglia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Simoncig
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcello Coreno
- ISM-CNR, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 Unit, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Claudio Masciovecchio
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Luca Poletto
- Institute of Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council of Italy, via Trasea 7, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Emiliano Principi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14-km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, University of Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tod A Pascal
- ATLAS Materials Science Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
- Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, USA
| | - Walter S Drisdell
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Richard J Saykally
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Uematsu Y. Electrification of water interface. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33. [PMID: 34280896 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac15d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The surface charge of a water interface determines many fundamental processes in physical chemistry and interface science, and it has been intensively studied for over a hundred years. We summarize experimental methods to characterize the surface charge densities developed so far: electrokinetics, double-layer force measurements, potentiometric titration, surface-sensitive nonlinear spectroscopy, and surface-sensitive mass spectrometry. Then, we elucidate physical ion adsorption and chemical electrification as examples of electrification mechanisms. In the end, novel effects on surface electrification are discussed in detail. We believe that this clear overview of state of the art in a charged water interface will surely help the fundamental progress of physics and chemistry at interfaces in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Uematsu
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Berger E, Jamnuch S, Uzundal CB, Woodahl C, Padmanabhan H, Amado A, Manset P, Hirata Y, Kubota Y, Owada S, Tono K, Yabashi M, Wang C, Shi Y, Gopalan V, Schwartz CP, Drisdell WS, Matsuda I, Freeland JW, Pascal TA, Zuerch M. Extreme Ultraviolet Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy in a Polar Metal. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6095-6101. [PMID: 34264679 PMCID: PMC8323121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of ferroelectricity and metallicity seems paradoxical, since the itinerant electrons in metals should screen the long-range dipole interactions necessary for dipole ordering. The recent discovery of the polar metal LiOsO3 was therefore surprising [as discussed earlier in Y. Shi et al., Nat. Mater. 2013, 12, 1024]. It is thought that the coordination preferences of the Li play a key role in stabilizing the LiOsO3 polar metal phase, but an investigation from the combined viewpoints of core-state specificity and symmetry has yet to be done. Here, we apply the novel technique of extreme ultraviolet second harmonic generation (XUV-SHG) and find a sensitivity to the broken inversion symmetry in the polar metal phase of LiOsO3 with an enhanced feature above the Li K-edge that reflects the degree of Li atom displacement as corroborated by density functional theory calculations. These results pave the way for time-resolved probing of symmetry-breaking structural phase transitions on femtosecond time scales with element specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Berger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS
Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical
Engineering, University of California−San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Can B. Uzundal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Clarisse Woodahl
- University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Hari Padmanabhan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Angelique Amado
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Paul Manset
- Ecole Normale
Supérieure - PSL, Paris, France
| | - Yasuyuki Hirata
- National
Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan
| | - Yuya Kubota
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Kensuke Tono
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Cuixiang Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Youguo Shi
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, The
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Craig P. Schwartz
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Walter S. Drisdell
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Iwao Matsuda
- Institute
for Solid State Physics, The University
of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale
Quantum Science Institute, The University
of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - John W. Freeland
- X-ray
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tod A. Pascal
- ATLAS
Materials Science Laboratory, Department of Nano Engineering and Chemical
Engineering, University of California−San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering, University of California−San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Sustainable
Power and Energy Center, University of California−San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Friedrich
Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Matsuda I, Kubota Y. Recent Progress in Spectroscopies Using Soft X-ray Free-electron Lasers. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iwao Matsuda
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuya Kubota
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liang J, Jiang W, Liao Y, Ke Q, Yu M, Li M, Zhou Y, Lu P. Intensity-dependent angular distribution of low-energy electrons generated by intense high-frequency laser pulse. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:16639-16651. [PMID: 34154222 DOI: 10.1364/oe.423545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we investigate the angular distributions of the low-energy electrons when an intense high-frequency laser pulse is applied to the hydrogen atom. Our numerical results show that the angular distributions of the low-energy electrons which generated by the nonadiabatic transitions sensitively depend on the laser intensity. The angular distributions evolve from a two-lobe to a four-lobe structure as the laser intensity increases. By analyzing nonadiabatic process in the Kramers-Henneberger frame, we illustrate that this phenomenon is attributed to the intensity-dependent adiabatic evolution of the ground state wavefunction. When the laser intensity further increases, the pathway of nonadiabatic transition from the ground state to the excited state and then to the continuum states is non-negligible, which results in the ring-like structure in the photoelectron momentum distribution. The angular distributions of the low-energy electrons provide a way to monitor the evolution of the electron wavefunction in the intense high frequency laser fields.
Collapse
|
14
|
Helk T, Berger E, Jamnuch S, Hoffmann L, Kabacinski A, Gautier J, Tissandier F, Goddet JP, Chang HT, Oh J, Pemmaraju CD, Pascal TA, Sebban S, Spielmann C, Zuerch M. Table-top extreme ultraviolet second harmonic generation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/21/eabe2265. [PMID: 34138744 PMCID: PMC8133706 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The lack of available table-top extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources with high enough fluxes and coherence properties has limited the availability of nonlinear XUV and x-ray spectroscopies to free-electron lasers (FELs). Here, we demonstrate second harmonic generation (SHG) on a table-top XUV source by observing SHG near the Ti M2,3 edge with a high-harmonic seeded soft x-ray laser. Furthermore, this experiment represents the first SHG experiment in the XUV. First-principles electronic structure calculations suggest the surface specificity and separate the observed signal into its resonant and nonresonant contributions. The realization of XUV-SHG on a table-top source opens up more accessible opportunities for the study of element-specific dynamics in multicomponent systems where surface, interfacial, and bulk-phase asymmetries play a driving role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Helk
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Emma Berger
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- ATLAS Materials Physics Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
| | - Lars Hoffmann
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adeline Kabacinski
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Julien Gautier
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Fabien Tissandier
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean-Philipe Goddet
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Hung-Tzu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Juwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Das Pemmaraju
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94025, USA
| | - Tod A Pascal
- ATLAS Materials Physics Laboratory, Department of NanoEngineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
- Sustainable Power and Energy Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92023, USA
| | - Stephane Sebban
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA Paris, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Christian Spielmann
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Helmholtz Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Zuerch
- Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ferrante C, Principi E, Marini A, Batignani G, Fumero G, Virga A, Foglia L, Mincigrucci R, Simoncig A, Spezzani C, Masciovecchio C, Scopigno T. Non-linear self-driven spectral tuning of Extreme Ultraviolet Femtosecond Pulses in monoatomic materials. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:92. [PMID: 33911069 PMCID: PMC8080687 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-action nonlinearity is a key aspect - either as a foundational element or a detrimental factor - of several optical spectroscopies and photonic devices. Supercontinuum generation, wavelength converters, and chirped pulse amplification are just a few examples. The recent advent of Free Electron Lasers (FEL) fostered building on nonlinearity to propose new concepts and extend optical wavelengths paradigms for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray regimes. No evidence for intrapulse dynamics, however, has been reported at such short wavelengths, where the light-matter interactions are ruled by the sharp absorption edges of core electrons. Here, we provide experimental evidence for self-phase modulation of femtosecond FEL pulses, which we exploit for fine self-driven spectral tunability by interaction with sub-micrometric foils of selected monoatomic materials. Moving the pulse wavelength across the absorption edge, the spectral profile changes from a non-linear spectral blue-shift to a red-shifted broadening. These findings are rationalized accounting for ultrafast ionization and delayed thermal response of highly excited electrons above and below threshold, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carino Ferrante
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- Center for Life Nano Science @Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, I-00161, Roma, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Principi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Batignani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fumero
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Virga
- Center for Life Nano Science @Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, I-00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Foglia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mincigrucci
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Simoncig
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Spezzani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Masciovecchio
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS 14-km 163.5, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tullio Scopigno
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- Center for Life Nano Science @Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, I-00161, Roma, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cao G, Jiang S, Åkerman J, Weissenrieder J. Femtosecond laser driven precessing magnetic gratings. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:3746-3756. [PMID: 33555004 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07962f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation and detection of spins at the nanoscale is of considerable contemporary interest as it may not only facilitate a description of fundamental physical processes but also plays a critical role in the development of spintronic devices. Here, we describe the application of a novel combination of transient grating excitation with Lorentz ultrafast electron microscopy to control and detect magnetization dynamics with combined nanometer and picosecond resolutions. Excitation of Ni80Fe20 thin film samples results in the formation of transient coherently precessing magnetic gratings. From the time-resolved results, we extract detailed real space information of the magnetic precession, including local magnetization, precession frequency, and relevant decay factors. The Lorentz contrast of the dynamics is sensitive to the alignment of the in-plane components of the applied field. The experimental results are rationalized by a model considering local demagnetization and the phase of the precessing magnetic moments. We envision that this technique can be extended to the study of spin waves and dynamic behavior in ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Cao
- Materials and Nano Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden. and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Johan Åkerman
- Materials and Nano Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden. and Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jonas Weissenrieder
- Materials and Nano Physics, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
|
18
|
Tang F, Ohto T, Sun S, Rouxel JR, Imoto S, Backus EHG, Mukamel S, Bonn M, Nagata Y. Molecular Structure and Modeling of Water-Air and Ice-Air Interfaces Monitored by Sum-Frequency Generation. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3633-3667. [PMID: 32141737 PMCID: PMC7181271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
From a glass of water to glaciers in Antarctica, water-air and ice-air interfaces are abundant on Earth. Molecular-level structure and dynamics at these interfaces are key for understanding many chemical/physical/atmospheric processes including the slipperiness of ice surfaces, the surface tension of water, and evaporation/sublimation of water. Sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the molecular-level structure of these interfaces because SFG can specifically probe the topmost interfacial water molecules separately from the bulk and is sensitive to molecular conformation. Nevertheless, experimental SFG has several limitations. For example, SFG cannot provide information on the depth of the interface and how the orientation of the molecules varies with distance from the surface. By combining the SFG spectroscopy with simulation techniques, one can directly compare the experimental data with the simulated SFG spectra, allowing us to unveil the molecular-level structure of water-air and ice-air interfaces. Here, we present an overview of the different simulation protocols available for SFG spectra calculations. We systematically compare the SFG spectra computed with different approaches, revealing the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods. Furthermore, we account for the findings through combined SFG experiments and simulations and provide future challenges for SFG experiments and simulations at different aqueous interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fujie Tang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate
School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shumei Sun
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jérémy R. Rouxel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sho Imoto
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Ellen H. G. Backus
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory
of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Early time dynamics of laser-ablated silicon using ultrafast grazing incidence X-ray scattering. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Di Fraia M, Plekan O, Callegari C, Prince KC, Giannessi L, Allaria E, Badano L, De Ninno G, Trovò M, Diviacco B, Gauthier D, Mirian N, Penco G, Ribič PR, Spampinati S, Spezzani C, Gaio G, Orimo Y, Tugs O, Sato T, Ishikawa KL, Carpeggiani PA, Csizmadia T, Füle M, Sansone G, Kumar Maroju P, D'Elia A, Mazza T, Meyer M, Gryzlova EV, Grum-Grzhimailo AN, You D, Ueda K. Complete Characterization of Phase and Amplitude of Bichromatic Extreme Ultraviolet Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:213904. [PMID: 31809175 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.213904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intense, mutually coherent beams of multiharmonic extreme ultraviolet light can now be created using seeded free-electron lasers, and the phase difference between harmonics can be tuned with attosecond accuracy. However, the absolute value of the phase is generally not determined. We present a method for determining precisely the absolute phase relationship of a fundamental wavelength and its second harmonic, as well as the amplitude ratio. Only a few easily calculated theoretical parameters are required in addition to the experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Di Fraia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Oksana Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Kevin C Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
| | - Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Badano
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, 5001 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Mauro Trovò
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Bruno Diviacco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - David Gauthier
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Najmeh Mirian
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Penco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Simone Spampinati
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Spezzani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Gaio
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Yuki Orimo
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Oyunbileg Tugs
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Photon Science Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Research Institute for Photon Science and Laser Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kenichi L Ishikawa
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Photon Science Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Research Institute for Photon Science and Laser Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | | | | | - Miklós Füle
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Giuseppe Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Praveen Kumar Maroju
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alessandro D'Elia
- University of Trieste, Department of Physics, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio Nazionale TASC, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena V Gryzlova
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexei N Grum-Grzhimailo
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Daehyun You
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Egawa S, Owada S, Motoyama H, Yamaguchi G, Matsuzawa Y, Kume T, Kubota Y, Tono K, Yabashi M, Ohashi H, Mimura H. Full-field microscope with twin Wolter mirrors for soft X-ray free-electron lasers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:33889-33897. [PMID: 31878448 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.033889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We developed a full-field microscope with twin Wolter mirrors for soft X-ray free-electron lasers. The Wolter mirrors for a condenser and an objective were fabricated using an electroforming process with a precisely figured master mandrel. In the imaging system constructed at SACLA BL1, sub-micrometer spatial resolution was achieved at wavelengths of 10.3 and 3.4 nm. Single-shot bright-field images were acquired with a maximum illumination intensity of 7×1014 W/cm2.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bencivenga F, Mincigrucci R, Capotondi F, Foglia L, Naumenko D, Maznev AA, Pedersoli E, Simoncig A, Caporaletti F, Chiloyan V, Cucini R, Dallari F, Duncan RA, Frazer TD, Gaio G, Gessini A, Giannessi L, Huberman S, Kapteyn H, Knobloch J, Kurdi G, Mahne N, Manfredda M, Martinelli A, Murnane M, Principi E, Raimondi L, Spampinati S, Spezzani C, Trovò M, Zangrando M, Chen G, Monaco G, Nelson KA, Masciovecchio C. Nanoscale transient gratings excited and probed by extreme ultraviolet femtosecond pulses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw5805. [PMID: 31360768 PMCID: PMC6660206 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Advances in developing ultrafast coherent sources operating at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray wavelengths allow the extension of nonlinear optical techniques to shorter wavelengths. Here, we describe EUV transient grating spectroscopy, in which two crossed femtosecond EUV pulses produce spatially periodic nanoscale excitations in the sample and their dynamics is probed via diffraction of a third time-delayed EUV pulse. The use of radiation with wavelengths down to 13.3 nm allowed us to produce transient gratings with periods as short as 28 nm and observe thermal and coherent phonon dynamics in crystalline silicon and amorphous silicon nitride. This approach allows measurements of thermal transport on the ~10-nm scale, where the two samples show different heat transport regimes, and can be applied to study other phenomena showing nontrivial behaviors at the nanoscale, such as structural relaxations in complex liquids and ultrafast magnetic dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Bencivenga
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - R. Mincigrucci
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Capotondi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Foglia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - D. Naumenko
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. A. Maznev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - E. Pedersoli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Simoncig
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Caporaletti
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - V. Chiloyan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - R. Cucini
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - F. Dallari
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - R. A. Duncan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - T. D. Frazer
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - G. Gaio
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Gessini
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Giannessi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - S. Huberman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - H. Kapteyn
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - J. Knobloch
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - G. Kurdi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - N. Mahne
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Manfredda
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - A. Martinelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - M. Murnane
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - E. Principi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - L. Raimondi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - S. Spampinati
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - C. Spezzani
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Trovò
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M. Zangrando
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
- IOM-CNR, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - G. Chen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - G. Monaco
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo (TN), Italy
| | - K. A. Nelson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C. Masciovecchio
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Foglia L, Capotondi F, Höppner H, Gessini A, Giannessi L, Kurdi G, Lopez Quintas I, Masciovecchio C, Kiskinova M, Mincigrucci R, Naumenko D, Nikolov IP, Pedersoli E, Rossi GM, Simoncig A, Bencivenga F. Exploring the multiparameter nature of EUV-visible wave mixing at the FERMI FEL. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2019; 6:040901. [PMID: 31372368 PMCID: PMC6663514 DOI: 10.1063/1.5111501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and x-ray ultrafast coherent light sources such as free electron lasers (FELs) has triggered the extension of wave-mixing techniques to short wavelengths. This class of experiments, based on the interaction of matter with multiple light pulses through the Nth order susceptibility, holds the promise of combining intrinsic ultrafast time resolution and background-free signal detection with nanometer spatial resolution and chemical specificity. A successful approach in this direction has been the combination of the unique characteristics of the seeded FEL FERMI with dedicated four-wave-mixing (FWM) setups, which leads to the demonstration of EUV-based transient grating (TG) spectroscopy. In this perspective paper, we discuss how the TG approach can be extended toward more general FWM spectroscopies by exploring the intrinsic multiparameter nature of nonlinear processes, which derives from the ability of controlling the properties of each field independently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Foglia
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Capotondi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - H Höppner
- Institute for Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Gessini
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Kurdi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - I Lopez Quintas
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Masciovecchio
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Kiskinova
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - R Mincigrucci
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Naumenko
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - I P Nikolov
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Pedersoli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G M Rossi
- Physics Department and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Simoncig
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Bencivenga
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Beye M, Engel RY, Schunck JO, Dziarzhytski S, Brenner G, Miedema PS. Non-linear soft x-ray methods on solids with MUSIX-the multi-dimensional spectroscopy and inelastic x-ray scattering endstation. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:014003. [PMID: 30504529 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaedf3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the intense and coherent x-ray pulses available from free-electron lasers, the possibility to transfer non-linear spectroscopic methods from the laser lab to the x-ray world arises. Advantages especially regarding selectivity and thus information content as well as an improvement of signal levels are expected. The use of coherences is especially fruitful and the example of coherent x-ray/optical sum-frequency generation is discussed. However, many non-linear x-ray methods still await discovery, partially due to the necessity for extremely adaptable and versatile instrumentation that can be brought to free-electron lasers for the analysis of the spectral content emitted from the sample into a continuous range of emission angles. Such an instrument (called MUSIX) is being developed and employed at FLASH, the free-electron laser in Hamburg and is described in this contribution together with first results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Beye
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. Physics Department, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gallo A, Farinha ASF, Dinis M, Emwas AH, Santana A, Nielsen RJ, Goddard WA, Mishra H. The chemical reactions in electrosprays of water do not always correspond to those at the pristine air-water interface. Chem Sci 2018; 10:2566-2577. [PMID: 30996971 PMCID: PMC6422012 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05538f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent application of electrosprays to characterize the air-water interface, along with the reports on dramatically accelerated chemical reactions in aqueous electrosprays, have sparked a broad interest. Herein, we report on complementary laboratory and in silico experiments tracking the oligomerization of isoprene, an important biogenic gas, in electrosprays and isoprene-water emulsions to differentiate the contributions of interfacial effects from those of high voltages leading to charge-separation and concentration of reactants in the electrosprays. To this end, we employed electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the oligomerization of isoprene in aqueous electrosprays involved minimally hydrated and highly reactive hydronium ions. Those conditions, however, are non-existent at pristine air-water interfaces and oil-water emulsions under normal temperature and pressure. Thus, electrosprays should be complemented with surface-specific platforms and theoretical methods to reliably investigate chemistries at the pristine air-water interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adair Gallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreia S F Farinha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Miguel Dinis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Imaging and Characterization Core Laboratory , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Santana
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert J Nielsen
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang WC, Burgdörfer J. Dynamic interference as signature of atomic stabilization. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:19921-19931. [PMID: 30119311 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.019921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We study the ionization of atoms by very intense linearly polarized pulse with moderately high frequency by numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). In this regime, the photon energy exceeds the ionization potential allowing for one-photon ionization which is, however, strongly influenced by strong nonlinear photon-atom interactions. We find that the onset of atomic stabilization can be monitored by the appearance of a dynamic interference pattern in the photoelectron spectrum.
Collapse
|
27
|
Two-photon absorption of soft X-ray free electron laser radiation by graphite near the carbon K-absorption edge. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
28
|
Kraus PM, Zürch M, Cushing SK, Neumark DM, Leone SR. The ultrafast X-ray spectroscopic revolution in chemical dynamics. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
29
|
Mincigrucci R, Naumenko D, Foglia L, Nikolov I, Pedersoli E, Principi E, Simoncig A, Kiskinova M, Masciovecchio C, Bencivenga F, Capotondi F. Optical constants modelling in silicon nitride membrane transiently excited by EUV radiation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:11877-11888. [PMID: 29716104 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.011877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We hereby report on a set of transient optical reflectivity and transmissivity measurements performed on silicon nitride thin membranes excited by extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation from a free electron laser (FEL). Experimental data were acquired as a function of the membrane thickness, FEL fluence and probe polarization. The time dependence of the refractive index, retrieved using Jones matrix formalism, encodes the dynamics of electron and lattice excitation following the FEL interaction. The observed dynamics are interpreted in the framework of a two temperature model, which permits to extract the relevant time scales and magnitudes of the processes. We also found that in order to explain the experimental data thermo-optical effects and inter-band filling must be phenomenologically added to the model.
Collapse
|