1
|
Lee C, Kim D, Lim H, Seong Y, Kim H, Park JH, Yang D, Shin HJ, Wuttig M, Choi BJ, Cho MH. Ultrahigh Stability and Operation Performance in Bidoped GeTe/Sb 2Te 3 Superlattices Achieved by Tailoring Bonding and Structural Properties. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39223725 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Changes in bond types and the reversible switching process between metavalent and covalent bonds are related to the operating mechanism of the phase-change (PC) behavior. Thus, controlling the bonding characteristics is the key to improving the PC memory performance. In this study, we have controlled the bonding characteristics of GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices (SLs) via bismuth (Bi) doping. The incorporation of Bi into the GeTe sublayers tailors the metavalent bond. We observed significant improvement in device reliability, set speed, and power consumption induced upon increasing Bi incorporation. The introduction of Bi was found to suppress the change in density between the SET and RESET states, resulting in a significant increase in device reliability. The reduction in Peierls distortion, leading to a more octahedral-like atomic arrangement, intensifies electron-phonon coupling with increased bond polarizability, which are responsible for the fast set speed and low power consumption. This study demonstrates how the structural and thermodynamic changes in phase change materials alter phase change characteristics due to systematic changes of bonding and provides an important methodology for the development of PC devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changwoo Lee
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasol Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hyeonwook Lim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Seong
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwook Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Dogeon Yang
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Shin
- POSTECH, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80, Jigokro-127-beongil, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias Wuttig
- Institute of Physics, Physics of Novel Materials, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Byung Joon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Mann-Ho Cho
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of System Semiconductor Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun K, Xia W, Wang C, Suo P, Zou Y, Peng J, Wang W, Lin X, Jin Z, Guo Y, Ma G. Highly intrinsic carrier mobility in tin diselenide crystal accessed with ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:17657-17666. [PMID: 38858943 DOI: 10.1364/oe.523383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Tin diselenide (SnSe2), a layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC), stands out among other TMDCs for its extraordinary photoactive ability and low thermal conductivity. Consequently, it has stimulated many influential researches on photodetectors, ultrafast pulse shaping, thermoelectric devices, etc. However, the carrier mobility in SnSe2, as determined experimentally, remains limited to tens of cm2V-1s-1. This limitation poses a challenge for achieving high-performance SnSe2-based devices. Theoretical calculations, on the other hand, predict that the carrier mobility in SnSe2 can reach hundreds of cm2V-1s-1, approximately one order of magnitude higher than experimental value. Interestingly, the carrier mobility could be underestimated significantly in long-range transportation measurements due to the presence of defects and boundary scattering effects. To address this discrepancy, we employ optic pump terahertz probe spectroscopy to access the photoinduced dynamical THz photoconductivity of SnSe2. Our findings reveal that the intrinsic carrier mobility in conventional SnSe2 single crystal is remarkably high, reaching 353.2 ± 37.7 cm2V-1s-1, consistent with the theoretical prediction. Additionally, dynamical THz photoconductivity measurements reveal that the SnSe2 crystal containing rich defects efficiently capture photoinduced conduction-band electrons and valence-band holes with time constants of ∼20 and ∼200 ps, respectively. Meanwhile, we observe an impulsively stimulated Raman scattering at 0.60 THz. Our study not only demonstrates ultrafast THz spectroscopy as a reliable method for determining intrinsic carrier mobility and detection of low frequency coherent Raman mode in materials but also provides valuable reference for the future application of high-performance SnSe2-based devices.
Collapse
|
3
|
Subagyo R, Maulida PYD, Kowal D, Hartati S, Muslimawati RM, Zetra Y, Diguna LJ, Akhlus S, Mahyuddin MH, Zhang L, Tang CS, Diao C, Wee ATS, Birowosuto MD, Arramel, Rusydi A, Kusumawati Y. Spectroscopic Evidence of Localized Small Polarons in Low-Dimensional Ionic Liquid Lead-Free Hybrid Perovskites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54677-54691. [PMID: 37966967 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Rational design is an important approach to consider in the development of low-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs). In this study, 1-butyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium (BMP), 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (API), and 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium (BMI) serve as prototypical ionic liquid components in bismuth-based HOIPs. Element-sensitive X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements of BMPBiBr4 and APIBiBr5 reveal distinct resonant excitation profiles across the N K-edges, where contrasting peak shifts are observed. These 1D-HOIPs exhibit a large Stokes shift due to the small polaron contribution, as probed by photoluminescence spectroscopy at room temperature. Interestingly, the incorporation of a small fraction of tin (Sn) into the APIBiBr5 (Sn/Bi mole ratio of 1:3) structure demonstrates a strong spectral weight transfer accompanied by a fast decay lifetime (2.6 ns). These phenomena are the direct result of Sn-substitution in APIBiBr5, decreasing the small polaron effect. By changing the active ionic liquid, the electronic interactions and optical responses can be moderately tuned by alteration of their intermolecular interaction between the semiconducting inorganic layers and organic moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riki Subagyo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| | | | - Dominik Kowal
- Łukasiewicz Research Network─PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, Wrocław 54-066, Poland
| | - Sri Hartati
- Nano Center Indonesia, Jl PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Rossyaila M Muslimawati
- Doctoral Program of Engineering Physics, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Quantum and Nano Technology Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yulfi Zetra
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| | - Lina J Diguna
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Tangerang 15339, Indonesia
| | - Syafsir Akhlus
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad H Mahyuddin
- Quantum and Nano Technology Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Chi S Tang
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source (SSLS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117603, Singapore
| | - Caozheng Diao
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source (SSLS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117603, Singapore
| | - Andrew T S Wee
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Muhammad D Birowosuto
- Łukasiewicz Research Network─PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, Wrocław 54-066, Poland
| | - Arramel
- Nano Center Indonesia, Jl PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia
| | - Andrivo Rusydi
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Singapore Synchrotron Light Source (SSLS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117603, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| | - Yuly Kusumawati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim J, Xu Y, Bain D, Li M, Cotlet M, Yu Q, Musser AJ. Small to Large Polaron Behavior Induced by Controlled Interactions in Perovskite Quantum Dot Solids. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23079-23093. [PMID: 37934023 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The polaron is an essential photoexcitation that governs the unique optoelectronic properties of organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskites, and it has been subject to extensive spectroscopic and theoretical investigation over the past decade. A crucial but underexplored question is how the nature of the photogenerated polarons is impacted by the microscopic perovskite structure and what functional properties this affects. To tackle this question, we chemically tuned the interactions between perovskite quantum dots (QDs) to rationally manipulate the polaron properties. Through a suite of time-resolved spectroscopies, we find that inter-QD interactions open an excited-state channel to form large polaron species, which exhibit enhanced spatial diffusion, slower hot polaron cooling, and a longer intrinsic lifetime. At the same time, polaronic excitons are formed in competition via localized band-edge states, exhibiting strong photoluminescence but are limited by shorter intrinsic lifetimes. This control of polaron type and function through tunable inter-QD interactions not only provides design principles for QD-based materials but also experimentally disentangles polaronic species in hybrid perovskite materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juno Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Yuanze Xu
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David Bain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mingxing Li
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Mircea Cotlet
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Qiuming Yu
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Andrew J Musser
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim HS, Khan AA, Park JY, Lee S, Ahn YH. Mechanical Control of Polaritonic States in Lead Halide Perovskite Phonons Strongly Coupled in THz Microcavity. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10318-10327. [PMID: 37943739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation and control of polaritonic states in perovskite phonon polaritons, which are strongly coupled in the middle of a flexible Fabry-Perot cavity. We fabricated flexible perovskite films on a microporous substrate coated with graphene oxide, which led to a virtually free-standing film incorporated into the microcavity. Rabi splitting was observed when the cavity resonance was in tune with that of the phonons. The Rabi splitting energy increased as the film thickness increased, reaching 1.9 meV, which is 2.4-fold higher than the criterion for the strong coupling regime. We obtained dispersion curves for various perovskite film thicknesses exhibiting two polariton branches; clear beats between the two polaritonic branches were observed in the time domain. Flexible cavity devices with perovskite phonons enable macroscopic control over the polaritonic energy states through bending processes, which add an additional degree of freedom in the manipulation of polaritonic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - A A Khan
- Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - J-Y Park
- Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Y H Ahn
- Department of Physics and Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carpenella V, Fasolato C, Di Girolamo D, Barichello J, Matteocci F, Petrillo C, Dini D, Nucara A. Signatures of Polaron Dynamics in Photoexcited MAPbBr 3 by Infrared Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:22097-22104. [PMID: 38024199 PMCID: PMC10658633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c03668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted considerable attention in the past years as photoactive materials for low-cost, high-performance photovoltaics. Polaron formation through electron-phonon coupling has been recognized as the leading mechanism governing charge carrier transport and recombination in HOIPs. In this work, two types of MAPbBr3 film samples deposited on different substrates (transparent insulating SrTiO3 and a heterostructure mimicking a functioning photovoltaic cell) were photoexcited with above-bandgap radiation at 450 nm, and the effects of illumination on the sample were analyzed in the infrared region. The infrared absorbance detected at different powers of the photoexciting laser allowed us to obtain an estimate of the characteristic decay time of photoexcited polaron population of the order of 100-1000 ns. When focusing on the absorption features of the MA molecular cation in the region of the NH stretching modes, we observed the influence of hydrogen bonding and the effect of the polaron dynamics on the cation reorientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carpenella
- Department
of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fasolato
- CNR-ISC,
Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, c/o Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Di Girolamo
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Barichello
- CHOSE,
Department of Electronic Engineering, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Fabio Matteocci
- CHOSE,
Department of Electronic Engineering, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Caterina Petrillo
- Department
of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Nucara
- CNR-SPIN
and Department of Physics, Sapienza University
of Rome, Piazzale Aldo
Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ren Z, Shi Z, Feng H, Xu Z, Hao W. Recent Progresses of Polarons: Fundamentals and Roles in Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2305139. [PMID: 37949811 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis are promising ways in the utilization of solar energy. To address the low efficiency of photocatalysts and photoelectrodes, in-depth understanding of their catalytic mechanism is in urgent need. Recently, polaron is considered as an influential factor in catalysis, which brings researchers a new approach to modify photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. In this review, brief introduction of polaron is given first, followed by which models and recent experimentally observations of polarons are reviewed. Studies about roles of polarons in photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis are listed in order to provide some inspiration in exploring the mechanism and improving the efficiency of photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Ren
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhijian Shi
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haifeng Feng
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhongfei Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Weichang Hao
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hung CM, Mai CL, Wu CC, Chen BH, Lu CH, Chu CC, Wang MC, Yang SD, Chen HC, Yeh CY, Chou PT. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Bi-Functionalized Porphyrins: A Novel Class of Hole-Layer-Coordinating Perovskites and Indium Tin Oxide in Inverted Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309831. [PMID: 37594921 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) offer the advantage of facile interfacial modification, leading to significant improvements in device performance. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a new series of carboxylic acid-functionalized porphyrin derivatives, namely AC-1, AC-3, and AC-5, and present, for the first time, a strategy to exploit the large π-moiety of porphyrins as a backbone for interfacing the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and perovskite active layer in an inverted perovskite solar cell (PSC) configuration. The electron-rich nature of porphyrins facilitates hole transfer and the formation of SAMs, resulting in a dense surface that minimizes defects. Comprehensive spectroscopic and dynamic studies demonstrate that the double-anchored AC-3 and AC-5 enhance SAMs on ITO, passivate the perovskite layer, and function as conduits to facilitate hole transfer, thus significantly boosting the performance of PSCs. The champion inverted PSC employing AC-5 SAM achieves an impressive solar efficiency of 23.19 % with a high fill factor of 84.05 %. This work presents a novel molecular engineering strategy for functionalizing SAMs to tune the energy levels, molecular dipoles, packing orientations to achieve stable and efficient solar performance. Importantly, our comprehensive investigation has unraveled the associated mechanisms, offering valuable insights for future advancements in PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lun Mai
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chun Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, 242062, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (i-CAST), Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 402202, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song M, Wang H, Hu Z, Zhang Y, Liu T, Wang H. The Role of Polaronic States on the Spin Dynamics in Solution-Processed Two-Dimensional Layered Perovskite with Different Layer Thickness. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302554. [PMID: 37395386 PMCID: PMC10502664 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
2D lead halide perovskites (LHPs) show strong excitonic and spin-orbit coupling effects, generating a facile spin injection. Besides, they possess a polaron character due to the soft crystal lattice, which can prolong the spin lifetime, making them favorable materials for spintronic applications. Here, the spin dynamics of 2D PEA2 PbI4 (MAPbI3 )n -l thin films with different layers by temperature- and pump fluence-dependent circularly polarization-resolved transient absorption (TA) measurements is studied. These results indicate that the spin depolarization mechanism is gradually converted from the Maialle-Silva-Sham (MSS) mechanism to the polaronic states protection mechanism with the layer number increasing from = 1 to 3, which is determined by the interplay between the strength of Coulomb exchange interaction and the strength of polaronic effect. While for ≥ 4, the Elliot-Yafet (EY) impurities mechanism is proposed, in which the formed polaronic states with free charge carriers no longer play the protective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu‐Sen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| | - Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| | - Zi‐Fan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| | - Yu‐Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| | - Tian‐Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| | - Hai‐Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated OptoelectronicsCollege of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University2699 Qianjin StreetChangchun130012China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu J, Ramesh S, Melvin Lim JW, Sum TC. Carriers, Quasi-particles, and Collective Excitations in Halide Perovskites. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37276018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites (HPs) are potential game-changing materials for a broad spectrum of optoelectronic applications ranging from photovoltaics, light-emitting devices, lasers to radiation detectors, ferroelectrics, thermoelectrics, etc. Underpinning this spectacular expansion is their fascinating photophysics involving a complex interplay of carrier, lattice, and quasi-particle interactions spanning several temporal orders that give rise to their remarkable optical and electronic properties. Herein, we critically examine and distill their dynamical behavior, collective interactions, and underlying mechanisms in conjunction with the experimental approaches. This review aims to provide a unified photophysical picture fundamental to understanding the outstanding light-harvesting and light-emitting properties of HPs. The hotbed of carrier and quasi-particle interactions uncovered in HPs underscores the critical role of ultrafast spectroscopy and fundamental photophysics studies in advancing perovskite optoelectronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Fu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Sankaran Ramesh
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Jia Wei Melvin Lim
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu C, Nguyen T, Boehme SC, Moskalenko A, Dirin DN, Bodnarchuk MI, Katan C, Even J, Rainò G, Kovalenko MV. Many-Body Correlations and Exciton Complexes in CsPbBr 3 Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208354. [PMID: 36537857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic lead-halide perovskite (LHP) (CsPbX3 , X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a competitive platform for classical light-emitting devices (in the weak light-matter interaction regime, e.g., LEDs and laser), as well as for devices exploiting strong light-matter interaction at room temperature. Many-body interactions and quantum correlations among photogenerated exciton complexes play an essential role, for example, by determining the laser threshold, the overall brightness of LEDs, and the single-photon purity in quantum light sources. Here, by combining cryogenic single-QD photoluminescence spectroscopy with configuration-interaction (CI) calculations, the size-dependent trion and biexciton binding energies are addressed. Trion binding energies increase from 7 to 17 meV for QD sizes decreasing from 30 to 9 nm, while the biexciton binding energies increase from 15 to 30 meV, respectively. CI calculations quantitatively corroborate the experimental results and suggest that the effective dielectric constant for biexcitons slightly deviates from the one of the single excitons, potentially as a result of coupling to the lattice in the multiexciton regime. The findings here provide a deep insight into the multiexciton properties in all-inorganic LHP QDs, essential for classical and quantum optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglian Zhu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Tan Nguyen
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Simon C Boehme
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Moskalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR6082, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Real-time observation of the buildup of polaron in α-FAPbI 3. Nat Commun 2023; 14:917. [PMID: 36801865 PMCID: PMC9938110 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of polaron, i.e., the strong coupling process between the carrier and lattice, is considered to play a crucial role in benefiting the photoelectric performance of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites. However, direct observation of the dynamical formation of polarons occurring at time scales within hundreds of femtoseconds remains a technical challenge. Here, by terahertz emission spectroscopy, we demonstrate the real-time observation of polaron formation process in FAPbI3 films. Two different polaron resonances interpreted with the anharmonic coupling emission model have been studied: P1 at ~1 THz relates to the inorganic sublattice vibration mode and the P2 at ~0.4 THz peak relates to the FA+ cation rotation mode. Moreover, P2 could be further strengthened than P1 by pumping the hot carriers to the higher sub-conduction band. Our observations could open a door for THz emission spectroscopy to be a powerful tool in studying polaron formation dynamics in perovskites.
Collapse
|
13
|
Seiler H, Zahn D, Taylor VCA, Bodnarchuk MI, Windsor YW, Kovalenko MV, Ernstorfer R. Direct Observation of Ultrafast Lattice Distortions during Exciton-Polaron Formation in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:1979-1988. [PMID: 36651873 PMCID: PMC9933605 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The microscopic origin of slow hot-carrier cooling in lead halide perovskites remains debated and has direct implications for applications. Slow hot-carrier cooling of several picoseconds has been attributed to either polaron formation or a hot-phonon bottleneck effect at high excited carrier densities (>1018 cm-3). These effects cannot be unambiguously disentangled with optical experiments alone. However, they can be distinguished by direct observations of ultrafast lattice dynamics, as these effects are expected to create qualitatively distinct fingerprints. To this end, we employ femtosecond electron diffraction and directly measure the sub-picosecond lattice dynamics of weakly confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals following above-gap photoexcitation. While we do not observe signatures of a hot-phonon bottleneck lasting several picoseconds, the data reveal a light-induced structural distortion appearing on a time scale varying between 380 and 1200 fs depending on the excitation fluence. We attribute these dynamics to the effect of exciton-polarons on the lattice and the slower dynamics at high fluences to slower sub-picosecond hot-carrier cooling, which slows down the establishment of the exciton-polaron population. Further analysis and simulations show that the distortion is consistent with motions of the [PbBr3]- octahedral ionic cage, and closest agreement with the data is obtained for Pb-Br bond lengthening. Our work demonstrates how direct studies of lattice dynamics on the sub-picosecond time scale can discriminate between competing scenarios proposed in the literature to explain the origin of slow hot-carrier cooling in lead halide perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Seiler
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Physics
Department, Free University of Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Zahn
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victoria C. A. Taylor
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yoav William Windsor
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Ernstorfer
- Fritz
Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische
Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bericat-Vadell R, Zou X, Drillet M, Corvoysier H, Silveira VR, Konezny SJ, Sá J. Carrier Dynamics in Solution-Processed CuI as a P-Type Semiconductor: The Origin of Negative Photoconductivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1007-1013. [PMID: 36693133 PMCID: PMC9900634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for efficient solution-processable p-type semiconductors. Copper(I) iodide (CuI) has attracted attention as a potential candidate due to its good electrical properties and ease of preparation. However, its carrier dynamics still need to be better understood. Carrier dynamics after bandgap excitation yielded a convoluted signal of free carriers (positive signal) and a negative feature, which was also present when the material was excited with sub-bandgap excitation energies. This previously unseen feature was found to be dependent on measurement temperature and attributed to negative photoconductivity. The unexpected signal relates to the formation of polarons or strongly bound excitons. The possibility of coupling CuI to plasmonic sensitizers is also tested, yielding positive results. The outcomes mentioned above could have profound implications regarding the applicability of CuI in photocatalytic and photovoltaic systems and could also open a whole new range of possible applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bericat-Vadell
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xianshao Zou
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélio Drillet
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hugo Corvoysier
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vitor R. Silveira
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Steven J. Konezny
- Departments
of Physics and Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, P.O. Box
208120, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8120, United States
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka
44/52, 01-224Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nanoscale heterogeneity of ultrafast many-body carrier dynamics in triple cation perovskites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6582. [PMID: 36323659 PMCID: PMC9630529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33935-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In high fluence applications of lead halide perovskites for light-emitting diodes and lasers, multi-polaron interactions and associated Auger recombination limit the device performance. However, the relationship of the ultrafast and strongly lattice coupled carrier dynamics to nanoscale heterogeneities has remained elusive. Here, in ultrafast visible-pump infrared-probe nano-imaging of the photoinduced carrier dynamics in triple cation perovskite films, a ~20 % variation in sub-ns relaxation dynamics with spatial disorder on tens to hundreds of nanometer is resolved. We attribute the non-uniform relaxation dynamics to the heterogeneous evolution of polaron delocalization and increasing scattering time. The initial high-density excitation results in faster relaxation due to strong many-body interactions, followed by extended carrier lifetimes at lower densities. These results point towards the missing link between the optoelectronic heterogeneity and associated carrier dynamics to guide synthesis and device engineering for improved perovskites device performance. The optoelectronic performance of lead halide perovskite in highfluence applications are hindered by heterogeneous multi-polaron interactions in the nanoscale. Here, Nishda et al. spatially resolve sub-ns relaxation dynamics on the nanometer scale by ultrafast infrared pumpprobe nanoimaging.
Collapse
|
16
|
Greiner MG, Singldinger A, Henke NA, Lampe C, Leo U, Gramlich M, Urban AS. Energy Transfer in Stability-Optimized Perovskite Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6709-6715. [PMID: 35939043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Outstanding optoelectronic properties and a facile synthesis render halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) a promising material for nanostructure-based devices. However, the commercialization is hindered mainly by the lack of NC stability under ambient conditions and inefficient charge carrier injection. Here, we investigate solutions to both problems, employing methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) NCs encapsulated in diblock copolymer core-shell micelles of tunable size. We confirm that the shell does not prohibit energy transfer, as FRET efficiencies between these NCs and 2D CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets (NPLs) reach 73.6%. This value strongly correlates to the micelle size, with thicker shells displaying significantly reduced FRET efficiencies. Those high efficiencies come with a price, as the thinnest shells protect the encapsulated NCs less from environmentally induced degradation. Finding the sweet spot between efficiency and protection could lead to the realization of tailored energy funnels with enhanced carrier densities for high-power perovskite NC-based optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle G Greiner
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Singldinger
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Nina A Henke
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Lampe
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Leo
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Gramlich
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander S Urban
- Nanospectroscopy Group and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Nano-Institute Munich, Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vitalone RA, Sternbach AJ, Foutty BA, McLeod AS, Sow C, Golez D, Nakamura F, Maeno Y, Pasupathy AN, Georges A, Millis AJ, Basov DN. Nanoscale Femtosecond Dynamics of Mott Insulator (Ca 0.99Sr 0.01) 2RuO 4. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5689-5697. [PMID: 35839312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ca2RuO4 is a transition-metal oxide that exhibits a Mott insulator-metal transition (IMT) concurrent with a symmetry-preserving Jahn-Teller distortion (JT) at 350 K. The coincidence of these two transitions demonstrates a high level of coupling between the electronic and structural degrees of freedom in Ca2RuO4. Using spectroscopic measurements with nanoscale spatial resolution, we interrogate the interplay of the JT and IMT through the temperature-driven transition. Then, we introduce photoexcitation with subpicosecond temporal resolution to explore the coupling of the JT and IMT via electron-hole injection under ambient conditions. Through the temperature-driven IMT, we observe phase coexistence in the form of a stripe phase existing at the domain wall between macroscopic insulating and metallic domains. Through ultrafast carrier injection, we observe the formation of midgap states via enhanced optical absorption. We propose that these midgap states become trapped by lattice polarons originating from the local perturbation of the JT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco A Vitalone
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Aaron J Sternbach
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Benjamin A Foutty
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305m United States
| | - Alexander S McLeod
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 115 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chanchal Sow
- Deparment of Physics, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Physics, IIT Kanpur, Kalyanpur Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India 209016
| | - Denis Golez
- Center for Computational Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jandranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- Department of Education and Creation Engineering, Kurume Institute of Technology, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0052, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Maeno
- Deparment of Physics, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Abhay N Pasupathy
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Antoine Georges
- Center for Computational Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Department of Physics, College of France, 11Pl. Marcelin, Berthelot, Paris, France FR 75231
- CPHT, CNRS, Polytechnic Institute of Paris, Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau, Paris, France FR 91128
- DQMP, Universite de Geneve, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, Geneve CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J Millis
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Center for Computational Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jin Z, Peng Y, Fang Y, Ye Z, Fan Z, Liu Z, Bao X, Gao H, Ren W, Wu J, Ma G, Chen Q, Zhang C, Balakin AV, Shkurinov AP, Zhu Y, Zhuang S. Photoinduced large polaron transport and dynamics in organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskite with terahertz probes. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:209. [PMID: 35794097 PMCID: PMC9259629 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted tremendous attention for optoelectronic applications. The long photocarrier lifetime and moderate carrier mobility have been proposed as results of the large polaron formation in MHPs. However, it is challenging to measure the effective mass and carrier scattering parameters of the photogenerated large polarons in the ultrafast carrier recombination dynamics. Here, we show, in a one-step spectroscopic method, that the optical-pump and terahertz-electromagnetic probe (OPTP) technique allows us to access the nature of interplay of photoexcited unbound charge carriers and optical phonons in polycrystalline CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) of about 10 μm grain size. Firstly, we demonstrate a direct spectral evidence of the large polarons in polycrystalline MAPbI3. Using the Drude-Smith-Lorentz model along with the Frӧhlich-type electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling, we determine the effective mass and scattering parameters of photogenerated polaronic carriers. We discover that the resulting moderate polaronic carrier mobility is mainly influenced by the enhanced carrier scattering, rather than the polaron mass enhancement. While, the formation of large polarons in MAPbI3 polycrystalline grains results in a long charge carrier lifetime at room temperature. Our results provide crucial information about the photo-physics of MAPbI3 and are indispensable for optoelectronic device development with better performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuanming Jin
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Yuqing Fang
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhijiang Ye
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fan
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Heng Gao
- Physics Department, Materials Genome Institute, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, International Centre of Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Physics Department, Materials Genome Institute, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, International Centre of Quantum and Molecular Structures, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yutian Road 500, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohong Ma
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qianli Chen
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Alexey V Balakin
- Department of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow, 19991, Russia
- ILIT RAS-Branch of the FSRC《Crystallography and Photonics》RAS, Svyatoozerskaya 1, 140700, Shatura, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexander P Shkurinov
- Department of Physics and International Laser Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Moscow, 19991, Russia
- ILIT RAS-Branch of the FSRC《Crystallography and Photonics》RAS, Svyatoozerskaya 1, 140700, Shatura, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Songlin Zhuang
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Labanti C, Wu J, Shin J, Limbu S, Yun S, Fang F, Park SY, Heo CJ, Lim Y, Choi T, Kim HJ, Hong H, Choi B, Park KB, Durrant JR, Kim JS. Light-intensity-dependent photoresponse time of organic photodetectors and its molecular origin. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3745. [PMID: 35768429 PMCID: PMC9243077 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) exhibit superior spectral responses but slower photoresponse times compared to inorganic counterparts. Herein, we study the light-intensity-dependent OPD photoresponse time with two small-molecule donors (planar MPTA or twisted NP-SA) co-evaporated with C60 acceptors. MPTA:C60 exhibits the fastest response time at high-light intensities (>0.5 mW/cm2), attributed to its planar structure favoring strong intermolecular interactions. However, this blend exhibits the slowest response at low-light intensities, which is correlated with biphasic photocurrent transients indicative of the presence of a low density of deep trap states. Optical, structural, and energetical analyses indicate that MPTA molecular packing is strongly disrupted by C60, resulting in a larger (370 meV) HOMO level shift. This results in greater energetic inhomogeneity including possible MPTA-C60 adduct formation, leading to deep trap states which limit the low-light photoresponse time. This work provides important insights into the small molecule design rules critical for low charge-trapping and high-speed OPD applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Labanti
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Advanced Materials Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Nansha, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Saurav Limbu
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sungyoung Yun
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Feifei Fang
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Song Yi Park
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chul-Joon Heo
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Younhee Lim
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Taejin Choi
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Ju Kim
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Hyerim Hong
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Byoungki Choi
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea
| | - Kyung-Bae Park
- Organic Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Korea.
| | - James R Durrant
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Ji-Seon Kim
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li QQ, Yan L, Chu W, He J, Luo H, Frauenheim T, Tretiak S, Zhou L. Control of Polaronic Behavior and Carrier Lifetimes via Metal and Anion Alloying in Chalcogenide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4955-4962. [PMID: 35639456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal perovskite chalcogenides (TMPCs) have emerged as lead-free alternatives to lead-halide perovskites and have been currently of increasing interest for optoelectronic applications because of their suitable band gaps, high carrier mobility, strong light absorption, and high stability. Here, we systematically report a study on the effects of Ti- and Se-alloying strategies on polaron behavior and carrier lifetimes in nonradiative recombination. Although such alloying can effectively tune the band gap of BaZrS3, we observe localized small polaron formation upon Ti alloying and large polarons generating in Se alloying. Ti-alloying strengthens the electron-phonon coupling, leading to a reduced carrier lifetime. Remarkably, Se-alloying weakens the electron-phonon coupling and prolongs the nonradiative electron-hole recombination lifetime by up to 60% compared to that in pristine BaZrS3 material. The simulations rationalize the difference in carrier lifetimes in TMPC alloys and provide guidelines for further improvements in TMPC-based photoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Qiao Li
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - Luo Yan
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Chu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences (Ministry of Education), Institute of Computational Physical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Junjie He
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry & Charles University Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, Prague 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Huanbo Luo
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center (CSRC), Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Computational Science and Applied Research (CSAR) Institute, Shenzhen 518110, P. R. China
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Center for Nonlinear Studies, and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Liujiang Zhou
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bourelle SA, Camargo FVA, Ghosh S, Neumann T, van de Goor TWJ, Shivanna R, Winkler T, Cerullo G, Deschler F. Optical control of exciton spin dynamics in layered metal halide perovskites via polaronic state formation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3320. [PMID: 35680886 PMCID: PMC9184503 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30953-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the open challenges of spintronics is to control the spin relaxation mechanisms. Layered metal-halide perovskites are an emerging class of semiconductors which possess a soft crystal lattice that strongly couples electronic and vibrational states and show promise for spintronic applications. Here, we investigate the impact of such strong coupling on the spin relaxation of excitons in the layered perovskite BA2FAPbI7 using a combination of cryogenic Faraday rotation and transient absorption spectroscopy. We report an unexpected increase of the spin lifetime by two orders of magnitude at 77 K under photoexcitation with photon energy in excess of the exciton absorption peak, and thus demonstrate optical control over the dominant spin relaxation mechanism. We attribute this control to strong coupling between excitons and optically excited phonons, which form polaronic states with reduced electron-hole wave function overlap that protect the exciton spin memory. Our insights highlight the special role of exciton-lattice interactions on the spin physics in the layered perovskites and provide a novel opportunity for optical spin control. Spintronic devices will require long spin lifetimes, but the effect of exciton-lattice coupling on spin lifetime in metal-halide perovskites is not well understood. Here, the authors find a 100-fold increase in the lifetime of exciton spins in a 2D perovskite by exciting with excess energy, resulting from strong coupling between excitons and optically excited phonons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Bourelle
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Franco V A Camargo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Timo Neumann
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.,Walter-Schottky-Institute, Physics Department, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching, Germany
| | - Tim W J van de Goor
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Ravichandran Shivanna
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.,Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie-CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Felix Deschler
- Walter-Schottky-Institute, Physics Department, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching, Germany. .,Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mu Y, Li Y, Du P, Ren H, Monroy IT, Ibrahim M, Wen G, Liang D, Feng J, Ao J, Xie X, Li Y. Constraint Mechanism of Power Device Design Based on Perovskite Quantum Dots Pumped by an Electron Beam. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3721. [PMID: 35632137 PMCID: PMC9147271 DOI: 10.3390/s22103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This paper studied the constraint mechanism for power device design based on perovskite quantum dots pumped by an electron beam. Combined with device designing, an experimental system of self-saturation luminescence and aging failure was designed for CsPbBr3 films. On this basis, we further completed the self-saturation luminescence and aging failure experiment and constructed a model of self-saturation luminescence and aging failure for CsPbBr3 device designing. Three constraints were proposed after analyzing and discussing the experimental data. Firstly, too high of a pumping current density makes it difficult to effectively promote the enhancement of luminescence efficiency. Secondly, radiation decomposition and aging failure of CsPbBr3 films are mainly related to the polarized degree of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. Thirdly, by increasing the pumping electric field, the pumping energy can be effectively and widely delivered to the three-dimensional quantum dots film layer space, and there is a nonlinear relationship between the attenuation of the pumping energy density and the increment of the pumping electric field, which will effectively avoid the local high-energy density of instantaneous optical pumping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yining Mu
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 400020, China
- Institute for Photonic Integration, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yanzheng Li
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Peng Du
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Hang Ren
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 400020, China
| | - Idelfonso Tafur Monroy
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Institute for Photonic Integration, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Makram Ibrahim
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
- Solar and Space Research Department, National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), Cairo 11421, Egypt
| | - Guanyu Wen
- Changchun Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Dong Liang
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jianshang Feng
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiayu Ao
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiangyue Xie
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yumeng Li
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (Y.L.); (P.D.); (H.R.); (I.T.M.); (M.I.); (D.L.); (J.F.); (J.A.); (X.X.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jain P, Mazumder M, Pradeep KR, Viswanatha R, Pati SK, Narayana C. Polaronic Signatures in Doped and Undoped Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals through a Photoinduced Raman Mode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5567-5577. [PMID: 35041391 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are promising candidates for photovoltaic applications as they exhibit large carrier diffusion lengths and long carrier lifetimes among many other interesting properties. One of the widely accepted mechanisms for these properties is polaron formation, which is mainly driven by octahedral distortions of the inorganic framework. Since structure modifications of the framework largely affect associated distortions, we investigated Mn-doped and undoped CsPbX3 (where X = Cl, Br, Cl/Br) using a local probe via micro-Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations for polaron formation. Our results highlight a new vibrational lattice mode at 132 cm-1 due to polaronic distortion upon photoinduction. From the DFT studies, we have shown that the polaronic states are dominated by the B-site cation in the perovskite structure, but it is the strong covalent overlap of the halide which determines its stability. This elucidation to map polaronic signatures with excellent spatial resolution using traditional Raman spectroscopy can be used as a simple tool to understand the structural changes and their impacted electronic properties and thus design superior devices using its in situ applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Jain
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Madhulika Mazumder
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - K R Pradeep
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- International Centre for Material Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Ranjani Viswanatha
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- International Centre for Material Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Swapan K Pati
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Chandrabhas Narayana
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu H, Li J, Lu X, Shi Q, Du L, Zhai Z, Zhong S, Wang W, Huang W, Zhu L. Volatile and Nonvolatile Switching of Phase Change Material Ge 2Sb 2Te 5 Revealed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:947-953. [PMID: 35050624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phase change materials exhibit unique advantages in reconfigurable photonic devices due to drastic tunability of photoelectric properties. Here, we systematically investigate the thermal equilibrium process and the ultrafast dynamics of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) driven by femtosecond (fs) pulses, using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. Both fs-pulse-driven crystallization and amorphization are demonstrated, and the threshold of photoinduced crystallization (amorphization) is determined to be 8.4 mJ/cm2 (10.1 mJ/cm2). The ultrafast carrier dynamics reveal that the cumulative photothermal effect plays a crucial role in the ultrafast crystallization, and modulation depth of volatile (nonvolatile) THz has switching limits up to 30% (15%). A distinctive phonon absorption at 1.1 THz is observed, providing fingerprint spectrum evidence of crystalline lattice formation driven by intense fs pulses. Finally, multistate volatile (nonvolatile) THz switching is implemented by tuning optical pump fluence. These results provide insight into the photoinduced phase change of GST and offer benefits for all optical THz functional devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Xueguang Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Qiwu Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Lianghui Du
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhai
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Sencheng Zhong
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| | - Wanxia Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
- Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Chengdu, Sichuan 610200, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao L, Zhang Y, Wei X, Zheng T, Zhao W, Zhang X, Lu J, Ni Z, Liu H. Potassium Iodide Doping Strategy for High-Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells Revealed by Ultrafast Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:711-717. [PMID: 35025524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic halide perovskites are promising materials for high-performance photovoltaics. The doping strategy is considered to be an effective method for regulating the performance of perovskite solar cells, yet its efficiency is still far below what has been anticipated. Here, we systematically investigate the regulatory mechanisms of the performance of perovskites by exploiting potassium iodide (KI) doping. We find that the surface states are passivated apart from the modified lattice structure. Most importantly, carrier recombination and transport are regulated by varying two different trap states when doping KI. The corresponding defect penalty can be effectively restrained at an optimal concentration of added KI (5%). A significant increase in the conductivity and radiative efficiency is achieved under such conditions. Our results provide fundamental insights into defect engineering through doping and a promising route toward highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xin Wei
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- The Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Xinhai Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junpeng Lu
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhenhua Ni
- School of Physics and Key Laboratory of MEMS of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- The Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Lab on Optoelectronic Technology, School of Physics and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu J, Cha H, Du T, Dong Y, Xu W, Lin CT, Durrant JR. A Comparison of Charge Carrier Dynamics in Organic and Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2101833. [PMID: 34773315 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The charge carrier dynamics in organic solar cells and organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskite solar cells, two leading technologies in thin-film photovoltaics, are compared. The similarities and differences in charge generation, charge separation, charge transport, charge collection, and charge recombination in these two technologies are discussed, linking these back to the intrinsic material properties of organic and perovskite semiconductors, and how these factors impact on photovoltaic device performance is elucidated. In particular, the impact of exciton binding energy, charge transfer states, bimolecular recombination, charge carrier transport, sub-bandgap tail states, and surface recombination is evaluated, and the lessons learned from transient optical and optoelectronic measurements are discussed. This perspective thus highlights the key factors limiting device performance and rationalizes similarities and differences in design requirements between organic and perovskite solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Hydrogen & Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Tian Du
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Yifan Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Chieh-Ting Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- SPECIFIC IKC, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea, Wales, SA1 8EN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Maeng I, Tanaka H, Mag-usara VK, Nakajima M, Nakamura M, Jung MC. Terahertz Wave Absorption Property of all Mixed Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Thin Film MA(Sn, Pb)(Br, I) 3 Fabricated by Sequential Vacuum Evaporation Method. Front Chem 2021; 9:753141. [PMID: 34604176 PMCID: PMC8481619 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.753141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
All mixed hybrid perovskite (MA(Sn, Pb)(Br,I)3) thin film was fabricated by sequential vacuum evaporation method. To optimize the first layer with PbBr2 and SnI2, we performed different annealing treatments. Further, MA(Sn, Pb)(Br, I)3 thin film was synthesized on the optimized first layer by evaporating MAI and post-annealing. The formed hybrid perovskite thin film exhibited absorptions at 1.0 and 1.7 THz with small absorbance (<10%). Moreover, no chemical and structural defect-incorporated absorption was found. In this study, the possibility of changing terahertz absorption frequency through the mixture of metal cations (Sn+ and Pb+) and halogen anions (Br- and I-) was verified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inhee Maeng
- YUHS-KRIBB, Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Nakajima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masakazu Nakamura
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Min-Cherl Jung
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zheng X, Hopper TR, Gorodetsky A, Maimaris M, Xu W, Martin BAA, Frost JM, Bakulin AA. Multipulse Terahertz Spectroscopy Unveils Hot Polaron Photoconductivity Dynamics in Metal-Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8732-8739. [PMID: 34478291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hot carriers in metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) present a foundation for understanding carrier-phonon coupling in the materials as well as the prospective development of high-performance hot carrier photovoltaics. While the carrier population dynamics during cooling have been scrutinized, the evolution of the hot carrier properties, namely mobility, remains largely unexplored. Here we introduce novel ultrafast visible pump-infrared push-terahertz probe spectroscopy to monitor the real-time conductivity dynamics of cooling carriers in methylammonium lead iodide. We find a decrease in mobility upon optically re-exciting the carriers, as expected for band transport. Surprisingly, the conductivity recovery is incommensurate with the hot carrier population dynamics measured by infrared probe and exhibits a negligible dependence on the hot carrier density. Our results reveal the importance of localized lattice heating toward the hot carrier mobility. This collective polaron-lattice phenomenon may contribute to the unusual photophysics of MHPs and should be accounted for in hot carrier devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R Hopper
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Marios Maimaris
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley A A Martin
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jarvist M Frost
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Purschke DN, Pielmeier MRP, Üzer E, Ott C, Jensen C, Degg A, Vogel A, Amer N, Nilges T, Hegmann FA. Ultrafast Photoconductivity and Terahertz Vibrational Dynamics in Double-Helix SnIP Nanowires. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100978. [PMID: 34278600 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tin iodide phosphide (SnIP), an inorganic double-helix material, is a quasi-1D van der Waals semiconductor that shows promise in photocatalysis and flexible electronics. However, the understanding of the fundamental photophysics and charge transport dynamics of this new material is limited. Here, time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is used to probe the transient photoconductivity of SnIP nanowire films and measure the carrier mobility. With insight into the highly anisotropic electronic structure from quantum chemical calculations, an electron mobility as high as 280 cm2 V-1 s-1 along the double-helix axis and a hole mobility of 238 cm2 V-1 s-1 perpendicular to the double-helix axis are detected. Additionally, infrared-active (IR-active) THz vibrational modes are measured, which shows excellent agreement with first-principles calculations, and an ultrafast photoexcitation-induced charge redistribution is observed that reduces the amplitude of a twisting mode of the outer SnI helix on picosecond timescales. Finally, it is shown that the carrier lifetime and mobility are limited by a trap density greater than 1018 cm-3 . The results provide insight into the optical excitation and relaxation pathways of SnIP and demonstrate a remarkably high carrier mobility for such a soft and flexible material, suggesting that it could be ideally suited for flexible electronics applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Purschke
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Markus R P Pielmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Ebru Üzer
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Claudia Ott
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Charles Jensen
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Annabelle Degg
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Anna Vogel
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Naaman Amer
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Tom Nilges
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Frank A Hegmann
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Massasa EH, Strassberg R, Vurgaft A, Kauffmann Y, Cohen N, Bekenstein Y. Thin Layer Buckling in Perovskite CsPbBr 3 Nanobelts. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:5564-5571. [PMID: 34181431 PMCID: PMC8397391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flexible semiconductor materials, where structural fluctuations and transformation are tolerable and have low impact on electronic properties, focus interest for future applications. Two-dimensional thin layer lead halide perovskites are hailed for their unconventional optoelectronic features. We report structural deformations via thin layer buckling in colloidal CsPbBr3 nanobelts adsorbed on carbon substrates. The microstructure of buckled nanobelts is determined using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. We measured significant decrease in emission from the buckled nanobelt using cathodoluminescence, marking the influence of such mechanical deformations on electronic properties. By employing plate buckling theory, we approximate adhesion forces between the buckled nanobelt and the substrate to be Fadhesion ∼ 0.12 μN, marking a limit to sustain such deformation. This work highlights detrimental effects of mechanical buckling on electronic properties in halide perovskite nanostructures and points toward the capillary action that should be minimized in fabrication of future devices and heterostructures based on nanoperovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma H. Massasa
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Rotem Strassberg
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- The
Solid-State Institute, Technion −
Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Amit Vurgaft
- The
Solid-State Institute, Technion −
Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Yaron Kauffmann
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Noy Cohen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yehonadav Bekenstein
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion
− Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- The
Solid-State Institute, Technion −
Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
- The
Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion − Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lanigan-Atkins T, He X, Krogstad MJ, Pajerowski DM, Abernathy DL, Xu GNMN, Xu Z, Chung DY, Kanatzidis MG, Rosenkranz S, Osborn R, Delaire O. Two-dimensional overdamped fluctuations of the soft perovskite lattice in CsPbBr 3. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:977-983. [PMID: 33723420 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites exhibit structural instabilities and large atomic fluctuations thought to impact their optical and thermal properties, yet detailed structural and temporal correlations of their atomic motions remain poorly understood. Here, these correlations are resolved in CsPbBr3 crystals using momentum-resolved neutron and X-ray scattering measurements as a function of temperature, complemented with first-principles simulations. We uncover a striking network of diffuse scattering rods, arising from the liquid-like damping of low-energy Br-dominated phonons, reproduced in our simulations of the anharmonic phonon self-energy. These overdamped modes cover a continuum of wave vectors along the edges of the cubic Brillouin zone, corresponding to two-dimensional sheets of correlated rotations in real space, and could represent precursors to proposed two-dimensional polarons. Further, these motions directly impact the electronic gap edge states, linking soft anharmonic lattice dynamics and optoelectronic properties. These results provide insights into the highly unusual atomic dynamics of halide perovskites, relevant to further optimization of their optical and thermal properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Lanigan-Atkins
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - X He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M J Krogstad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - D M Pajerowski
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - D L Abernathy
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Guangyong N M N Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Zhijun Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - D-Y Chung
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - S Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - R Osborn
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
| | - O Delaire
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cannelli O, Colonna N, Puppin M, Rossi TC, Kinschel D, Leroy LMD, Löffler J, Budarz JM, March AM, Doumy G, Al Haddad A, Tu MF, Kumagai Y, Walko D, Smolentsev G, Krieg F, Boehme SC, Kovalenko MV, Chergui M, Mancini GF. Quantifying Photoinduced Polaronic Distortions in Inorganic Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9048-9059. [PMID: 34075753 PMCID: PMC8227469 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of next-generation perovskite-based optoelectronic devices relies critically on the understanding of the interaction between charge carriers and the polar lattice in out-of-equilibrium conditions. While it has become increasingly evident for CsPbBr3 perovskites that the Pb-Br framework flexibility plays a key role in their light-activated functionality, the corresponding local structural rearrangement has not yet been unambiguously identified. In this work, we demonstrate that the photoinduced lattice changes in the system are due to a specific polaronic distortion, associated with the activation of a longitudinal optical phonon mode at 18 meV by electron-phonon coupling, and we quantify the associated structural changes with atomic-level precision. Key to this achievement is the combination of time-resolved and temperature-dependent studies at Br K and Pb L3 X-ray absorption edges with refined ab initio simulations, which fully account for the screened core-hole final state effects on the X-ray absorption spectra. From the temporal kinetics, we show that carrier recombination reversibly unlocks the structural deformation at both Br and Pb sites. The comparison with the temperature-dependent XAS results rules out thermal effects as the primary source of distortion of the Pb-Br bonding motif during photoexcitation. Our work provides a comprehensive description of the CsPbBr3 perovskites' photophysics, offering novel insights on the light-induced response of the system and its exceptional optoelectronic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliviero Cannelli
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Colonna
- Laboratory
for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul
Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- National
Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Puppin
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas C. Rossi
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Kinschel
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludmila M. D. Leroy
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- LabCri, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo
Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Janina Löffler
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James M. Budarz
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Marie March
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Gilles Doumy
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Andre Al Haddad
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Ming-Feng Tu
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Yoshiaki Kumagai
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - Donald Walko
- Advanced
Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | - Franziska Krieg
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Simon C. Boehme
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia F. Mancini
- Laboratory
of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast
Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Suo P, Zhang H, Yan S, Zhang W, Fu J, Lin X, Hao S, Jin Z, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Miao F, Liang SJ, Ma G. Observation of Negative Terahertz Photoconductivity in Large Area Type-II Dirac Semimetal PtTe_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:227402. [PMID: 34152189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.227402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a newly emergent type-II Dirac semimetal, platinum telluride (PtTe_{2}) stands out from other two dimensional noble-transition-metal dichalcogenides for the unique band structure and novel physical properties, and has been studied extensively. However, the ultrafast response of low energy quasiparticle excitation in terahertz frequency remains nearly unexplored yet. Herein, we employ optical pump-terahertz probe (OPTP) spectroscopy to systematically study the photocarrier dynamics of PtTe_{2} thin films with varying pump fluence, temperature, and film thickness. Upon photoexcitation the terahertz photoconductivity (PC) of PtTe_{2} films shows abrupt increase initially, while the terahertz PC changes into negative value in a subpicosecond timescale, followed by a prolonged recovery process that lasted a few nanoseconds. The magnitude of both positive and negative terahertz PC response shows strongly pump fluence dependence. We assign the unusual negative terahertz PC to the formation of small polaron due to the strong electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling, which is further substantiated by temperature and film thickness dependent measurements. Moreover, our investigations give a subpicosecond timescale of simultaneous carrier cooling and polaron formation. The present study provides deep insights into the underlying dynamics evolution mechanisms of photocarrier in type-II Dirac semimetal upon photoexcitation, which is of crucial importance for designing PtTe_{2}-based optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Suo
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Shengnan Yan
- Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jibo Fu
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Song Hao
- Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zuanming Jin
- Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation Center, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 JunGong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
- STU & SIOM Joint Laboratory for Superintense Lasers and the Applications, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Feng Miao
- Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shi-Jun Liang
- Institute of Brain-inspired Intelligence, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guohong Ma
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- STU & SIOM Joint Laboratory for Superintense Lasers and the Applications, Shanghai 201210, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Buizza LRV, Herz LM. Polarons and Charge Localization in Metal-Halide Semiconductors for Photovoltaic and Light-Emitting Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007057. [PMID: 33955594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal-halide semiconductors have shown excellent performance in optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and detectors. In this review the role of charge-lattice interactions and polaron formation in a wide range of these promising materials, including perovskites, double perovskites, Ruddlesden-Popper layered perovskites, nanocrystals, vacancy-ordered, and other novel structures, is summarized. The formation of Fröhlich-type "large" polarons in archetypal bulk metal-halide ABX3 perovskites and its dependence on A-cation, B-metal, and X-halide composition, which is now relatively well understood, are discussed. It is found that, for nanostructured and novel metal-halide materials, a larger variation in the strengths of polaronic effects is reported across the literature, potentially deriving from variations in potential barriers and the presence of interfaces at which lattice relaxation may be enhanced. Such findings are further discussed in the context of different experimental approaches used to explore polaronic effects, cautioning that firm conclusions are often hampered by the presence of alternate processes and interactions giving rise to similar experimental signatures. Overall, a complete understanding of polaronic effects will prove essential given their direct influence on optoelectronic properties such as charge-carrier mobilities and emission spectra, which are critical to the performance of energy and optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo R V Buizza
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Laura M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- TUM Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Lichtenbergstraße 2 a, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guzelturk B, Winkler T, Van de Goor TWJ, Smith MD, Bourelle SA, Feldmann S, Trigo M, Teitelbaum SW, Steinrück HG, de la Pena GA, Alonso-Mori R, Zhu D, Sato T, Karunadasa HI, Toney MF, Deschler F, Lindenberg AM. Visualization of dynamic polaronic strain fields in hybrid lead halide perovskites. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:618-623. [PMID: 33398119 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00865-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Excitation localization involving dynamic nanoscale distortions is a central aspect of photocatalysis1, quantum materials2 and molecular optoelectronics3. Experimental characterization of such distortions requires techniques sensitive to the formation of point-defect-like local structural rearrangements in real time. Here, we visualize excitation-induced strain fields in a prototypical member of the lead halide perovskites4 via femtosecond resolution diffuse X-ray scattering measurements. This enables momentum-resolved phonon spectroscopy of the locally distorted structure and reveals radially expanding nanometre-scale strain fields associated with the formation and relaxation of polarons in photoexcited perovskites. Quantitative estimates of the magnitude and shape of this polaronic distortion are obtained, providing direct insights into the dynamic structural distortions that occur in these materials5-9. Optical pump-probe reflection spectroscopy corroborates these results and shows how these large polaronic distortions transiently modify the carrier effective mass, providing a unified picture of the coupled structural and electronic dynamics that underlie the optoelectronic functionality of the hybrid perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Guzelturk
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Matthew D Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean A Bourelle
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mariano Trigo
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Samuel W Teitelbaum
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Hans-Georg Steinrück
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Gilberto A de la Pena
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Hemamala I Karunadasa
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael F Toney
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Felix Deschler
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Walter Schottky Institute, Department of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen W, Xiong W. Polaron-formation revealed by transient XUV imaginary refractive index changes in different iron compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4486-4490. [PMID: 33621311 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00103e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We use transient extreme ultraviolet (XUV) reflection absorption spectroscopy to study polaron formation on hematite and akaganeite surfaces. We observed a reduction in the offset of the imaginary refractive index (κoffset) that was attributed to the photoemission cross-section. The difference in the κoffset reduction indicated that deeper-trapped polarons were formed in hematite than in akaganeite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfan Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, USA.
| | - Wei Xiong
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, USA. and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang ZW, Sun Y, Cui Y, Xiao Y, Deng JP, Xiong W, Li ZQ. Quantum defect-assisted multiphonon Raman scattering in metal halide perovskites. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:145702. [PMID: 33494077 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abdf92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum defects are essential to understand the non-radiative recombination processes in metal halide perovskites-based photovoltaic devices, in which Huang-Rhys factor, reflecting the coupling strength between the charge carrier and optical phonons, plays a key role in determining the non-radiative recombination via multiphonon processes. Herein, we theoretically present multiphonon Raman scattering intermediated by defects arising from the charge carrier of defect coupled with the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon in the deformation potential and Fröhlich mechanisms, respectively. We find that the Raman scattering shows multiple LO phonon overtones at equal interval LO phonons, where Huang-Rhys factor could be evaluated by the order of the strongest overtone. Meanwhile, we give the combinational multiphonon scattering between two mechanisms. Different types of the combinational modes with the weak scattering intensities provide a possible explanation for the long non-radiative charges-carrier lifetimes in metal halide perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028043, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Pei Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xiong
- Department of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang F, Fu Y, Ziffer ME, Dai Y, Maehrlein SF, Zhu XY. Solvated Electrons in Solids-Ferroelectric Large Polarons in Lead Halide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5-16. [PMID: 33320656 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solvation plays a pivotal role in chemistry and biology. A solid-state analogy of solvation is polaron formation, but the magnitude of Coulomb screening is typically an order of magnitude weaker than that of solvation in aqueous solutions. Here, we describe a new class of polarons, the ferroelectric large polaron, proposed initially by Miyata and Zhu in 2018 (Miyata, K.; Zhu, X.-Y. Ferroelectric Large Polarons. Nat. Mater. 2018, 17 (5), 379-381). This type of polaron allows efficient Coulomb screening of an electron or hole by extended ordering of dipoles from symmetry-broken unit cells. The local ordering is reflected in the ferroelectric-like THz dielectric responses of lead halide perovskites (LHPs) and may be partially responsible for their exceptional optoelectronic performances. Despite the likely absence of long-range ferroelectricity in LHPs, a charge carrier may be localized to and/or induce the formation of nanoscale domain boundaries of locally ordered dipoles. Based on the known planar nature of energetically favorable domain boundaries in ferroelectric materials, we propose that a ferroelectric polaron localizes to planar boundaries of transient polar nanodomains. This proposal is supported by dynamic simulations showing sheet-like transient electron or hole wave functions in LHPs. Thus, the Belgian-waffle-shaped ferroelectric polaron in the three-dimensional LHP crystal structure is a large polaron in two dimensions and a small polaron in the perpendicular direction. The ferroelectric large polaron may form in other crystalline solids characterized by dynamic symmetry breaking and polar fluctuations. We suggest that the ability to form ferroelectric large polarons can be a general principle for the efficient screening of charge carriers from scattering with other charge carriers, with charged defects and with longitudinal optical phonons, thus contributing to enhanced optoelectronic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Mark E Ziffer
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yanan Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sebastian F Maehrlein
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - X-Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tran NL, Elkins MH, McMeekin DP, Snaith HJ, Scholes GD. Observation of Charge Generation via Photoinduced Stark Effect in Mixed-Cation Lead Bromide Perovskite Thin Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10081-10087. [PMID: 33179935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extensive transient absorption studies on hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have elucidated many optical properties important for their device performance. Despite the enormous progress, the derivative shaped photoinduced absorption feature in transient spectra that is above the bandgap has many explanations, including the photoinduced Stark effect, where the bandgap is blue shifted due to a local electric field generated by charges. In this work, we employ broad band transient absorption and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to examine the early transient events after photoexcitation of [CH(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbBr3 (FA0.83Cs0.17PbBr3). 2DES resolves a photomodulation feature at the excitation energy of the exciton, suggesting the presence of a dipole field created by a polaron pair shifting the exciton transition to higher energies. As this polaron pair dissociates over 200 fs, the exciton transition shifts to higher energies over the same time scale, evidenced by the 2DES diagonal energy spectra. Given that the observations are well explained in terms of the Stark effect, our work provides extra grounds to support the Stark effect assignment of the above-gap photoinduced absorption. Furthermore, our study reports on the time scale of charge generation, contributing to the fundamental understanding of mixed-cation lead bromide perovskite photophysics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhu L Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Madeline H Elkins
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David P McMeekin
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Duan HG, Tiwari V, Jha A, Berdiyorov GR, Akimov A, Vendrell O, Nayak PK, Snaith HJ, Thorwart M, Li Z, Madjet ME, Miller RJD. Photoinduced Vibrations Drive Ultrafast Structural Distortion in Lead Halide Perovskite. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16569-16578. [PMID: 32869985 PMCID: PMC7586332 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The success of organic–inorganic
perovskites in optoelectronics
is dictated by the complex interplay between various underlying microscopic
phenomena. The structural dynamics of organic cations and the inorganic
sublattice after photoexcitation are hypothesized to have a direct
effect on the material properties, thereby affecting the overall device
performance. Here, we use ultrafast heterodyne-detected two-dimensional
(2D) electronic spectroscopy to reveal impulsively excited vibrational
modes of methylammonium (MA) lead iodide perovskite, which drive the
structural distortion after photoexcitation. Vibrational analysis
of the measured data allows us to monitor the time-evolved librational
motion of the MA cation along with the vibrational coherences of the
inorganic sublattice. Wavelet analysis of the observed vibrational
coherences reveals the coherent generation of the librational motion
of the MA cation within ∼300 fs complemented with the coherent
evolution of the inorganic skeletal motion. To rationalize this observation,
we employed the configuration interaction singles (CIS), which support
our experimental observations of the coherent generation of librational
motions in the MA cation and highlight the importance of the anharmonic
interaction between the MA cation and the inorganic sublattice. Moreover,
our advanced theoretical calculations predict the transfer of the
photoinduced vibrational coherence from the MA cation to the inorganic
sublattice, leading to reorganization of the lattice to form a polaronic
state with a long lifetime. Our study uncovers the interplay of the
organic cation and inorganic sublattice during formation of the polaron,
which may lead to novel design principles for the next generation
of perovskite solar cell materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Duan
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, Hamburg 20355, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Ajay Jha
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Golibjon R Berdiyorov
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alexey Akimov
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo New York 14260, United States
| | - Oriol Vendrell
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Pabitra K Nayak
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.,TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Thorwart
- I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, Hamburg 20355, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - Zheng Li
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mohamed E Madjet
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany.,The Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kaur G, Babu KJ, Ghosh HN. Temperature-Dependent Interplay of Polaron Formation and Hot Carrier Cooling Dynamics in CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals: Role of Carrier-Phonon Coupling Strength. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6206-6213. [PMID: 32658488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photovoltaic devices with CsPbBr3 nanocrystals as the working layer are generally subjected to wide variance of extreme temperatures during operation. Thus, the underlying photophysics, which is undeniably a temperature-dependent entity, demands intricate understanding. In this finding, with the assistance of temperature-dependent transient absorption spectroscopy, an endeavor has been made to disentangle the detrimental conflict between polaron formation and hot carrier relaxation for CsPbBr3 nanocrystal systems. Carrier relaxation pathways are seen to diverge drastically upon varying the lattice temperature from 300 to 5 K. Acquired results indicate the involvement of polarons for retarded carrier cooling dynamics observed at 300 K, whereas its absence at lower temperatures (<200 K) provides the basis for relatively quicker cooling. Additionally, despite the expected participation from the polaron due to the onset of strong carrier-longitudinal optical phonon coupling at 200 K, the reason for its absence in the cooling dynamics at 200 K has been revealed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - K Justice Babu
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Hirendra N Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu C, Tsai H, Nie W, Gosztola DJ, Zhang X. Direct Spectroscopic Observation of the Hole Polaron in Lead Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6256-6261. [PMID: 32658487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic photophysical origin of lead halide perovskites (LHPs) that are used successfully in optolectronic applications remains hotly debated. Here, by using ultrafast X-ray transient absorption spectroscopy, we successfully tracked the fate of photogenerated charge carriers at room temperature within the thin films of two classic LHPs, namely, MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3) and FAPbBr3 [FA = CH(NH2)2]. We clearly observed in both thin films that the hole polaron is formed by localizing the photogenerated hole at the Br 4p orbital and concurrently distorting the local structure surrounding the Br atom after the photoexcitation. Furthermore, the larger FA cation in the cavity of the [PbBr6]4- octahedral framework induces a stronger hole polaron effect due to the hybridization of its p orbital into valence and conduction bands, correlating with the slower charge carrier recombination dynamics. Our direct experimental observation of the localized hole polaron in perovskites should advance the fundamental comprehension of charge carrier behavior within LHPs and their related devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsinhan Tsai
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Wanyi Nie
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Okochi H, Katsuki H, Tsubouchi M, Itakura R, Yanagi H. Photon Energy-Dependent Ultrafast Photoinduced Terahertz Response in a Microcrystalline Film of CH 3NH 3PbBr 3. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6068-6076. [PMID: 32635728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is applied for a microcrystalline film of methylammonium lead bromide perovskite, CH3NH3PbBr3, to observe the carrier dynamics around the band edge. The ultrafast response of the transmitted THz electric field amplitude after carrier generation is modeled with a biexponential curve with ∼5 and 180 ps time constants, which are ascribed to Auger and electron-hole recombination processes, respectively. From the pump photon energy dependence of the time evolution of the THz electric field amplitude, it is shown that the bound exciton states and free interband excited carrier states show a clearly different temporal response. These measurements support the idea that the bound excitons generated in CH3NH3PbBr3 remain as stable excitons even at room temperature (RT). This is in clear contrast to the cases in CH3NH3PbI3 in which the excitons and band-edge free carriers are interchangeable at RT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Okochi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Katsuki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
- Department of Photo-molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tsubouchi
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Kizugawa 619-0215, Japan
| | - Ryuji Itakura
- Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Kizugawa 619-0215, Japan
| | - Hisao Yanagi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Folpini G, Gatto L, Cortecchia D, Devetta M, Crippa G, Vozzi C, Stagira S, Petrozza A, Cinquanta E. Ultrafast charge carrier dynamics in quantum confined 2D perovskite. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:214705. [PMID: 32505161 DOI: 10.1063/5.0008608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the charge carrier dynamics in 2D perovskite NBT2PbI4 by ultrafast optical pump-THz probe spectroscopy. We observed a few ps long relaxation dynamics that can be ascribed to the band to band carrier recombination, in the absence of any contribution from many-body and trap assisted processes. The transient conductivity spectra show that the polaron dynamics is strongly modulated by the presence of a rich exciton population. The polarization field resulting from the exciton formation acts as the source of a restoring force that localizes polarons. This is revealed by the presence of a negative imaginary conductivity. Our results show that the dynamics of excitons in 2D perovskites at room temperature can be detected by monitoring their effect on the conductivity of the photoinduced polaronic carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Folpini
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gatto
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Devetta
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriele Crippa
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Vozzi
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Salvatore Stagira
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Eugenio Cinquanta
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ghosh D, Welch E, Neukirch AJ, Zakhidov A, Tretiak S. Polarons in Halide Perovskites: A Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3271-3286. [PMID: 32216360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have rapidly emerged as leading contenders in photovoltaic technology and other optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. After a decade of intense research, an in-depth understanding of the charge carrier transport in MHPs is still an active topic of debate. In this Perspective, we discuss the current state of the field by summarizing the most extensively studied carrier transport mechanisms, such as electron-phonon scattering limited dynamics, ferroelectric effects, Rashba-type band splitting, and polaronic transport. We further extensively discuss the emerging experimental and computational evidence for dominant polaronic carrier dynamics in MHPs. Focusing on both small and large polarons, we explore the fundamental aspects of their motion through the lattice, protecting the photogenerated charge carriers from the recombination process. Finally, we outline different physical and chemical approaches considered recently to study and exploit the polaron transport in MHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Eric Welch
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Alex Zakhidov
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hopper TR, Gorodetsky A, Jeong A, Krieg F, Bodnarchuk MI, Maimaris M, Chaplain M, Macdonald TJ, Huang X, Lovrincic R, Kovalenko MV, Bakulin AA. Hot Carrier Dynamics in Perovskite Nanocrystal Solids: Role of the Cold Carriers, Nanoconfinement, and the Surface. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2271-2278. [PMID: 32142303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Carrier cooling is of widespread interest in the field of semiconductor science. It is linked to carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon coupling and has profound implications for the photovoltaic performance of materials. Recent transient optical studies have shown that a high carrier density in lead-halide perovskites (LHPs) can reduce the cooling rate through a "phonon bottleneck". However, the role of carrier-carrier interactions, and the material properties that control cooling in LHPs, is still disputed. To address these factors, we utilize ultrafast "pump-push-probe" spectroscopy on LHP nanocrystal (NC) films. We find that the addition of cold carriers to LHP NCs increases the cooling rate, competing with the phonon bottleneck. By comparing different NCs and bulk samples, we deduce that the cooling behavior is intrinsic to the LHP composition and independent of the NC size or surface. This can be contrasted with other colloidal nanomaterials, where confinement and trapping considerably influence the cooling dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Hopper
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ahhyun Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Franziska Krieg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marios Maimaris
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Marine Chaplain
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaokun Huang
- Institute for High-Frequency Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Strasse 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Lovrincic
- Institute for High-Frequency Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Strasse 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Boehme SC, Brinck ST, Maes J, Yazdani N, Zapata F, Chen K, Wood V, Hodgkiss JM, Hens Z, Geiregat P, Infante I. Phonon-Mediated and Weakly Size-Dependent Electron and Hole Cooling in CsPbBr 3 Nanocrystals Revealed by Atomistic Simulations and Ultrafast Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1819-1829. [PMID: 32049539 PMCID: PMC7997624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We combine state-of-the-art ultrafast photoluminescence and absorption spectroscopy and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations to investigate charge-carrier cooling in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals over a very broad size regime, from 0.8 to 12 nm. Contrary to the prevailing notion that polaron formation slows down charge-carrier cooling in lead-halide perovskites, no suppression of carrier cooling is observed in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals except for a slow cooling (over ∼10 ps) of "warm" electrons in the vicinity (within ∼0.1 eV) of the conduction band edge. At higher excess energies, electrons and holes cool with similar rates, on the order of 1 eV ps-1 carrier-1, increasing weakly with size. Our ab initio simulations suggest that cooling proceeds via fast phonon-mediated intraband transitions driven by strong and size-dependent electron-phonon coupling. The presented experimental and computational methods yield the spectrum of involved phonons and may guide the development of devices utilizing hot charge carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon C. Boehme
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie ten Brinck
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorick Maes
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universiteit
Gent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Nuri Yazdani
- Materials
and Device Engineering Group, Department of Information Technology
and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, GH 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felipe Zapata
- Netherlands
eScience Center, Science Park 140 (Matrix I), 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Chen
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, 6012 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Materials
and Device Engineering Group, Department of Information Technology
and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, GH 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Justin M. Hodgkiss
- The
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, 6012 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Zeger Hens
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universiteit
Gent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universiteit
Gent, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ivan Infante
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chu W, Saidi WA, Zhao J, Prezhdo OV. Soft Lattice and Defect Covalency Rationalize Tolerance of β‐CsPbI
3
Perovskite Solar Cells to Native Defects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6435-6441. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Wissam A. Saidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chu W, Saidi WA, Zhao J, Prezhdo OV. Soft Lattice and Defect Covalency Rationalize Tolerance of β‐CsPbI
3
Perovskite Solar Cells to Native Defects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Wissam A. Saidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chu W, Zheng Q, Prezhdo OV, Zhao J, Saidi WA. Low-frequency lattice phonons in halide perovskites explain high defect tolerance toward electron-hole recombination. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaw7453. [PMID: 32110721 PMCID: PMC7021490 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw7453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost solution-based synthesis of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) invariably introduces defects in the system, which could form Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) electron-hole recombination centers detrimental to solar conversion efficiency. Here, we investigate the nonradiative recombination processes due to native point defects in methylammonium lead halide (MAPbI3) perovskites using ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics within surface-hopping framework. Regardless of whether the defects introduce a shallow or deep band state, we find that charge recombination in MAPbI3 is not enhanced, contrary to predictions from SRH theory. We demonstrate that this strong tolerance against defects, and hence the breakdown of SRH, arises because the photogenerated carriers are only coupled with low-frequency phonons and electron and hole states overlap weakly. Both factors appreciably decrease the nonadiabatic coupling. We argue that the soft nature of the inorganic lattice with small bulk modulus is key for defect tolerance, and hence, the findings are general to other MHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Chu
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Qijing Zheng
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Departments of Chemistry, and Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jin Zhao
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Corresponding author. (W.A.S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wissam A. Saidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Corresponding author. (W.A.S.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|