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Cheng Z, Wang Y, Zheng R, Mu W. The prediction of two-dimensional PbN: opened bandgap in heterostructure with CdO. Front Chem 2024; 12:1382850. [PMID: 38698935 PMCID: PMC11063369 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1382850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of two-dimensional (2D) materials has received wide attention as a generation of optoelectronics, thermoelectric, and other applications. In this study, a novel 2D material, PbN, is proposed as an elemental method using the prototype of a recent reported nitride (J. Phys. Chem. C 2023, 127, 43, 21,006-21014). Based on first-principle calculations, the PbN monolayer is investigated as stable at 900 K, and the isotropic mechanical behavior is addressed by the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio at 67.4 N m-1 and 0.15, respectively. The PbN monolayer also presents excellent catalytic performance with Gibbs free energy of 0.41 eV. Zero bandgap is found for the PbN monolayer, and it can be opened at about 0.128 eV by forming a heterostructure with CdO. Furthermore, the PbN/CdO is constructed by Van der Waals interaction, while the apparent potential drop and charge transfer are investigated at the interface. The PbN/CdO heterostructure also possesses excellent light absorption properties. The results provide theoretical guidance for the design of layered functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Cheng
- Department of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Anhui Communications Vocational & Technical College, Hefei, China
| | - Yuelei Wang
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| | - Ruxin Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihua Mu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
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2
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De Palma AC, Peng X, Arash S, Gao FY, Baldini E, Li X, Yu ET. Elucidating Piezoelectricity and Strain in Monolayer MoS 2 at the Nanoscale Using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1835-1842. [PMID: 38315833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Strain engineering modifies the optical and electronic properties of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides. Highly inhomogeneous strain distributions in two-dimensional materials can be easily realized, enabling control of properties on the nanoscale; however, methods for probing strain on the nanoscale remain challenging. In this work, we characterize inhomogeneously strained monolayer MoS2 via Kelvin probe force microscopy and electrostatic gating, isolating the contributions of strain from other electrostatic effects and enabling the measurement of all components of the two-dimensional strain tensor on length scales less than 100 nm. The combination of these methods is used to calculate the spatial distribution of the electrostatic potential resulting from piezoelectricity, presenting a powerful way to characterize inhomogeneous strain and piezoelectricity that can be extended toward a variety of 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C De Palma
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xinyue Peng
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Saba Arash
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Frank Y Gao
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Edoardo Baldini
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Edward T Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
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3
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Tulyagankhodjaev JA, Shih P, Yu J, Russell JC, Chica DG, Reynoso ME, Su H, Stenor AC, Roy X, Berkelbach TC, Delor M. Room-temperature wavelike exciton transport in a van der Waals superatomic semiconductor. Science 2023; 382:438-442. [PMID: 37883547 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The transport of energy and information in semiconductors is limited by scattering between electronic carriers and lattice phonons, resulting in diffusive and lossy transport that curtails all semiconductor technologies. Using Re6Se8Cl2, a van der Waals (vdW) superatomic semiconductor, we demonstrate the formation of acoustic exciton-polarons, an electronic quasiparticle shielded from phonon scattering. We directly imaged polaron transport in Re6Se8Cl2 at room temperature, revealing quasi-ballistic, wavelike propagation sustained for a nanosecond and several micrometers. Shielded polaron transport leads to electronic energy propagation lengths orders of magnitude greater than in other vdW semiconductors, exceeding even silicon over a nanosecond. We propose that, counterintuitively, quasi-flat electronic bands and strong exciton-acoustic phonon coupling are together responsible for the transport properties of Re6Se8Cl2, establishing a path to ballistic room-temperature semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jessica Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jake C Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Daniel G Chica
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Haowen Su
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Athena C Stenor
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Xavier Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Milan Delor
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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4
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Yan Y, Wang C, Cai Z, Wang X, Xuan F. Tuning Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Metal-Organic Frameworks by Metal Substitution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42845-42853. [PMID: 37644617 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), synthesized by the self-assembly of organic ligands and metal centers, are structurally designable materials. In the current study, first-principles calculation based on density functional theory (DFT) was performed to investigate the intrinsic mechanical and electrical properties and mechanical-electrical coupling behavior of MOF-5. To improve the conductivity of MOF-5, homologous elements of Cu, Ag, and Au were adopted to replace the Zn atom in MOF-5, reducing the band gap and improving its electrical performance. Cu-MOF-5 and Au-MOF-5, with stable structures, exhibit better conductivity. The intrinsic mechanical properties such as independent elastic constants of MOF-5 and M-MOF-5 (M = Cu, Ag, Au) were obtained. MOF-5 and Cu-MOF-5 were experimentally synthesized to demonstrate the reduction in the band gap after metal substitution. The study of the strain effect of MOF-5 and Cu-MOF-5 proves that strain engineering is an effective method to regulate the band gap and this modulation is repeatable. This study clarifies the tunability of the band gap of MOF-5 with metal substituents and provides an efficient strategy for the development of new types of MOFs with desired physical properties using the combination of theoretical prediction and experimental synthesis and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhengqing Cai
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fuzhen Xuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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5
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Liu F, Golani P, Truttmann TK, Evangelista I, Smeaton MA, Bugallo D, Wen J, Manjeshwar AK, May SJ, Kourkoutis LF, Janotti A, Koester SJ, Jalan B. Doping the Undopable: Hybrid Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth, n-Type Doping, and Field-Effect Transistor Using CaSnO 3. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16912-16922. [PMID: 37638732 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The alkaline earth stannates are touted for their wide band gaps and the highest room-temperature electron mobilities among all of the perovskite oxides. CaSnO3 has the highest measured band gap in this family and is thus a particularly promising ultrawide band gap semiconductor. However, discouraging results from previous theoretical studies and failed doping attempts had described this material as "undopable". Here we redeem CaSnO3 using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy, which provides an adsorption-controlled growth for the phase-pure, epitaxial, and stoichiometric CaSnO3 films. By introducing lanthanum (La) as an n-type dopant, we demonstrate the robust and predictable doping of CaSnO3 with free electron concentrations, n3D, from 3.3 × 1019 cm-3 to 1.6 × 1020 cm-3. The films exhibit a maximum room-temperature mobility of 42 cm2 V-1 s-1 at n3D = 3.3 × 1019 cm-3. Despite having a comparable radius as the host ion, La expands the lattice parameter. Using density functional calculations, this effect is attributed to the energy gain by lowering the conduction band upon volume expansion. Finally, we exploit robust doping by fabricating CaSnO3-based field-effect transistors. The transistors show promise for CaSnO3's high-voltage capabilities by exhibiting low off-state leakage below 2 × 10-5 mA/mm at a drain-source voltage of 100 V and on-off ratios exceeding 106. This work serves as a starting point for future studies on the semiconducting properties of CaSnO3 and many devices that could benefit from CaSnO3's exceptionally wide band gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengdeng Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Prafful Golani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Tristan K Truttmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Igor Evangelista
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michelle A Smeaton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David Bugallo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Jiaxuan Wen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Anusha Kamath Manjeshwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Steven J May
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Lena F Kourkoutis
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anderson Janotti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Steven J Koester
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bharat Jalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Huang Z, Ren K, Zheng R, Wang L, Wang L. Ultrahigh Carrier Mobility in Two-Dimensional IV-VI Semiconductors for Photocatalytic Water Splitting. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104126. [PMID: 37241866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have been developed as novel photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices because of their excellent properties. In this work, four δ-IV-VI monolayers, GeS, GeSe, SiS and SiSe, are investigated as semiconductors with desirable bandgaps using the first-principles method. These δ-IV-VI monolayers exhibit exceptional toughness; in particular, the yield strength of the GeSe monolayer has no obvious deterioration at 30% strain. Interestingly, the GeSe monolayer also possesses ultrahigh electron mobility along the x direction of approximately 32,507 cm2·V-1·s-1, which is much higher than that of the other δ-IV-VI monolayers. Moreover, the calculated capacity for hydrogen evolution reaction of these δ-IV-VI monolayers further implies their potential for applications in photovoltaic and nano-devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Kai Ren
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 211189, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wanjiang University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243031, China
| | - Ruxin Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Liangmo Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wanjiang University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243031, China
- Office of Academic Affairs, Xuancheng Vocational and Technical College, Xuancheng 242000, China
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7
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Gong X, Autieri C, Zhou H, Ma J, Tang X, Zheng X, Ming X. In-gap states and strain-tuned band convergence in layered structure trivalent iridate K 0.75Na 0.25IrO 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:6857-6866. [PMID: 36799367 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Iridium oxides (iridates) provide a good platform to study the delicate interplay between spin-orbit coupling (SOC) interactions, electron correlation effects, Hund's coupling and lattice degrees of freedom. An overwhelming number of investigations primarily focus on tetravalent (Ir4+, 5d5) and pentavalent (Ir5+, 5d4) iridates, and far less attention has been paid to iridates with other valence states. Here, we pay our attention to a less-explored trivalent (Ir3+, 5d6) iridate, K0.75Na0.25IrO2, crystallizing in a triangular lattice with edge-sharing IrO6 octahedra and alkali metal ion intercalated [IrO2]- layers, offering a good platform to explore the interplay between different degrees of freedom. We theoretically determine the preferred occupied positions of the alkali metal ions from energetic viewpoints and reproduce the experimentally observed semiconducting behavior and nonmagnetic (NM) properties of K0.75Na0.25IrO2. The SOC interactions play a critical role in the band dispersion, resulting in NM Jeff = 0 states. More intriguingly, our electronic structure not only uncovers the presence of intrinsic in-gap states and nearly free electron character for the conduction band minimum, but also explains the abnormally low activation energy in K0.75Na0.25IrO2. Particularly, the band edge can be effectively modulated by mechanical strain, and the in-gap states feature enhanced band-convergence characteristics by 6% compressive strain, which will greatly enhance the electrical conductivity of K0.75Na0.25IrO2. The present work sheds new light on the unconventional electronic structures of trivalent iridates, indicating their promising application as a nanoelectronic and thermoelectric material, which will attract extensive interest and stimulate experimental works to further understand the unprecedented electronic structures and exploit potential applications of the triangular trivalent iridate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujia Gong
- College of Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Carmine Autieri
- International Research Centre Magtop, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Huanfu Zhou
- Key Lab of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jiafeng Ma
- College of Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Lab of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal & Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaojun Zheng
- College of Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Ming
- College of Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Ren K, Shu H, Wang K, Qin H. Two-dimensional MX 2Y 4 systems: ultrahigh carrier transport and excellent hydrogen evolution reaction performances. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4519-4527. [PMID: 36661890 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04224j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Very recently, two-dimensional MoSi2N4 has been synthetized (Y.-L. Hong, Z. Liu, L. Wang, T. Zhou, W. Ma, C. Xu, S. Feng, L. Chen, M.-L. Chen and D.-M. Sun, Chemical vapor deposition of layered two-dimensional MoSi2N4 materials, Science, 2020, 369, 670-674.). In this work, we systematically explore the mechanical, electronic, and catalytic properties of the MX2Y4 (M = Cr, Hf, Mo, Ti, W, Zr; X = Si, Ge; Y = N, P, As) monolayers by first-principles calculations. These observed monolayers exhibit an isotropic Young's moduli of 165-514 N m-1 and a Poisson's ratio of 0.26-0.33. The calculated band structures indicate that their bandgaps are in the range of 0.49-2.05 eV at the HSE06 level. In particular, a high electron mobility of about 1.04 × 104 cm2 V-1 s-1 is observed in TiSi2N4 monolayers, which shows potential for high-speed electronic devices. MX2Y4 monolayers also reveal decent performances in the hydrogen evolution reaction. More importantly, the Gibbs free energy change of the TiSi2N4 (ZrSi2N4) monolayer is as small as 0.078 eV (-0.035 eV), even being comparable with that of Pt (-0.09 eV). This investigation suggests that the MoSi2N4 family monolayers have potential advanced applications such as photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ren
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Huabing Shu
- School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Shaanxi, 710121, China
| | - Huasong Qin
- Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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9
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Ren K, Shu H, Huo W, Cui Z, Yu J, Xu Y. Mechanical, electronic and optical properties of a novel B 2P 6 monolayer: ultrahigh carrier mobility and strong optical absorption. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24915-24921. [PMID: 34726209 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03838a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials with a moderate bandgap and high carrier mobility are useful for applications in optoelectronics. In this work, we present a systematic investigation of the mechanical, electronic and optical properties of a B2P6 monolayer using first-principles calculations. Monolayer B2P6 was estimated to be an anisotropic material from direction-dependent in-plane Young's moduli and Poisson's ratios. Also, B2P6 exhibits an ultrahigh electron mobility of ∼5888 cm2 V-1 s-1, showing advantages for application in high-speed optoelectronic devices. More importantly, for the B2P6 monolayer, a desirable transformation from an indirect to direct band gap was observed at a biaxial tensile strain of ∼4%. Increasing the biaxial strain reduces the gap and preserves the suitable band edge positions for photocatalytic water splitting in the observed strain range of 1-8%. The decreased gap also enhances the visible light absorption of the B2P6 monolayer. These findings indicate that the B2P6 monolayer has promising applications in photocatalytic and photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ren
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
| | - Huabing Shu
- School of Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Wenyi Huo
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China.
| | - Zhen Cui
- School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Jin Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, China
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10
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Wang S, Huang M, Wu Y, Chen S. Absolute Volume Deformation Potentials of Inorganic ABX
3
Halide Perovskites: The Chemical Trends. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Menglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yu‐Ning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Shiyou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Department of Electronics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System School of Microelectronics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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11
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Swallow JEN, Palgrave RG, Murgatroyd PAE, Regoutz A, Lorenz M, Hassa A, Grundmann M, von Wenckstern H, Varley JB, Veal TD. Indium Gallium Oxide Alloys: Electronic Structure, Optical Gap, Surface Space Charge, and Chemical Trends within Common-Cation Semiconductors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2807-2819. [PMID: 33426870 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and optical properties of (InxGa1-x)2O3 alloys are highly tunable, giving rise to a myriad of applications including transparent conductors, transparent electronics, and solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors. Here, we investigate these properties for a high quality pulsed laser deposited film which possesses a lateral cation composition gradient (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.82) and three crystallographic phases (monoclinic, hexagonal, and bixbyite). The optical gaps over this composition range are determined, and only a weak optical gap bowing is found (b = 0.36 eV). The valence band edge evolution along with the change in the fundamental band gap over the composition gradient enables the surface space-charge properties to be probed. This is an important property when considering metal contact formation and heterojunctions for devices. A transition from surface electron accumulation to depletion occurs at x ∼ 0.35 as the film goes from the bixbyite In2O3 phase to the monoclinic β-Ga2O3 phase. The electronic structure of the different phases is investigated by using density functional theory calculations and compared to the valence band X-ray photoemission spectra. Finally, the properties of these alloys, such as the n-type dopability of In2O3 and use of Ga2O3 as a solar-blind UV detector, are understood with respect to other common-cation compound semiconductors in terms of simple chemical trends of the band edge positions and the hydrostatic volume deformation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack E N Swallow
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Robert G Palgrave
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Philip A E Murgatroyd
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
| | - Anna Regoutz
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Michael Lorenz
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Hassa
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marius Grundmann
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger von Wenckstern
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joel B Varley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Tim D Veal
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZF, U.K
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12
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Choe DH, West D, Zhang S. Band Alignment and the Built-in Potential of Solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:196802. [PMID: 30468617 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.196802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The built-in potential is of central importance to the understanding of many interfacial phenomena because it determines the band alignment at the interface. Despite its importance, its exact sign and magnitude have generally been recognized as ill-defined quantities for more than half a century. Here, we provide a common energy reference of bulk matter which leads to an unambiguous definition of the built-in potential and innate (i.e., bulk) band alignment. Further, we find that the built-in potential is explicitly determined by the bulk properties of the constituent materials when the system is in electronic equilibrium, while the interface plays a role only in the absence of equilibrium. Our quantitative theory enables a unified description of a variety of important properties of interfaces, ranging from work functions to Schottky barriers in electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duk-Hyun Choe
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Damien West
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Shengbai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, 10 East Xibeiwang Road, Beijing 100193, China
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Sjakste J, Tanimura K, Barbarino G, Perfetti L, Vast N. Hot electron relaxation dynamics in semiconductors: assessing the strength of the electron-phonon coupling from the theoretical and experimental viewpoints. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:353001. [PMID: 30084390 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aad487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of the computational methods based on density functional theory, on the one hand, and of time-, energy-, and momentum-resolved spectroscopy, on the other hand, allows today an unprecedently detailed insight into the processes governing hot-electron relaxation dynamics, and, in particular, into the role of the electron-phonon coupling. Instead of focusing on the development of a particular method, theoretical or experimental, this review aims to treat the progress in the understanding of the electron-phonon coupling which can be gained from both, on the basis of recently obtained results. We start by defining several regimes of hot electron relaxation via electron-phonon coupling, with respect to the electron excitation energy. We distinguish between energy and momentum relaxation of hot electrons, and summarize, for several semiconductors of the IV and III-V groups, the orders of magnitude of different relaxation times in different regimes, on the basis of known experimental and numerical data. Momentum relaxation times of hot electrons become very short around 1 eV above the bottom of the conduction band, and such ultrafast relaxation mechanisms are measurable only in the most recent pump-probe experiments. Then, we give an overview of the recent progress in the experimental techniques allowing to obtain detailed information on the hot-electron relaxation dynamics, with the main focus on time-, energy-, and momentum-resolved photoemission experiments. The particularities of the experimental approach developed by one of us, which allows to capture time-, energy-, and momentum-resolved hot-electron distributions, as well as to measure momentum relaxation times of the order of 10 fs, are discussed. We further discuss the main advances in the calculation of the electron-phonon scattering times from first principles over the past ten years, in semiconducting materials. Ab initio techniques and efficient interpolation methods provide the possibility to calculate electron-phonon scattering times with high precision at reasonable numerical cost. We highlight the methods of analysis of the obtained numerical results, which allow to give insight into the details of the electron-phonon scattering mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the concept of hot electron ensemble which has been proposed recently to describe the hot-electron relaxation dynamics in GaAs, the applicability of this concept to other materials, and its limitations. We also mention some open problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sjakste
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, Ecole Polytechnique, CEA-DRF-IRAMIS, CNRS UMR 7642, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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Wiktor J, Bruneval F, Pasquarello A. Partial Molar Volumes of Aqua Ions from First Principles. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:3427-3431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wiktor
- Chaire
de Simulation à l’Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabien Bruneval
- DEN
- Service de Recherches de Métallurgie Physique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alfredo Pasquarello
- Chaire
de Simulation à l’Echelle Atomique (CSEA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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He J, Hogan T, Mion TR, Hafiz H, He Y, Denlinger JD, Mo SK, Dhital C, Chen X, Lin Q, Zhang Y, Hashimoto M, Pan H, Lu DH, Arita M, Shimada K, Markiewicz RS, Wang Z, Kempa K, Naughton MJ, Bansil A, Wilson SD, He RH. Spectroscopic evidence for negative electronic compressibility in a quasi-three-dimensional spin-orbit correlated metal. NATURE MATERIALS 2015; 14:577-582. [PMID: 25915033 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Negative compressibility is a sign of thermodynamic instability of open or non-equilibrium systems. In quantum materials consisting of multiple mutually coupled subsystems, the compressibility of one subsystem can be negative if it is countered by positive compressibility of the others. Manifestations of this effect have so far been limited to low-dimensional dilute electron systems. Here, we present evidence from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) for negative electronic compressibility (NEC) in the quasi-three-dimensional (3D) spin-orbit correlated metal (Sr1-xLax)3Ir2O7. Increased electron filling accompanies an anomalous decrease of the chemical potential, as indicated by the overall movement of the deep valence bands. Such anomaly, suggestive of NEC, is shown to be primarily driven by the lowering in energy of the conduction band as the correlated bandgap reduces. Our finding points to a distinct pathway towards an uncharted territory of NEC featuring bulk correlated metals with unique potential for applications in low-power nanoelectronics and novel metamaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng He
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - T Hogan
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Thomas R Mion
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - H Hafiz
- Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Y He
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource &Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J D Denlinger
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S-K Mo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Dhital
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - X Chen
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Qisen Lin
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Hashimoto
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource &Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H Pan
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - D H Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource &Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Arita
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - K Shimada
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - R S Markiewicz
- Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - K Kempa
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - M J Naughton
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - A Bansil
- Physics Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - S D Wilson
- 1] Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA [2] Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Rui-Hua He
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
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16
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Dang W, Chen H, Umezawa N, Zhang J. Electronic structures of anatase (TiO2)1−x(TaON)x solid solutions: a first-principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:17980-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02110c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid solutions (TiO2)1−x(TaON)x (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) within an anatase crystal structure have substantially narrower band gaps than pristine TiO2. Incorporation of high-concentration N by the strategy of introducing Ta along with N for the sake of carrier compensation is promising to overcome the difficulty in N-doped TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Dang
- Department of Physics
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Hungru Chen
- Environmental Remediation Materials Unit
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Ibaraki 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Naoto Umezawa
- Environmental Remediation Materials Unit
- National Institute for Materials Science
- Ibaraki 305-0044
- Japan
| | - Junying Zhang
- Department of Physics
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100191
- China
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17
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Butler K, Hendon CH, Walsh A. Electronic structure modulation of metal-organic frameworks for hybrid devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:22044-50. [PMID: 25436990 PMCID: PMC4284132 DOI: 10.1021/am507016r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The study of metal-organic frameworks has largely been motivated by their structural and chemical diversity; however, these materials also possess rich physics, including optical, electronic, and magnetic activity. If these materials are to be employed in devices, it is necessary to develop an understanding of their solid-state behavior. We report an approach to calculate the effect of strain on the band structure of porous frameworks. The origin of the bidirectional absolute deformation potentials can be described from perturbations of the organic and inorganic building blocks. The unified approach allows us to propose several uses for hybrid materials, beyond their traditionally posited applications, including gas sensing, photoelectrochemistry, and as hybrid transistors.
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Li W, Qian X, Li J. Envelope function method for electrons in slowly-varying inhomogeneously deformed crystals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:455801. [PMID: 25336522 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/45/455801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We develop a new envelope-function formalism to describe electrons in slowly-varying inhomogeneously strained semiconductor crystals. A coordinate transformation is used to map a deformed crystal back to a geometrically undeformed structure with deformed crystal potential. The single-particle Schrödinger equation is solved in the undeformed coordinates using envelope function expansion, wherein electronic wavefunctions are written in terms of strain-parametrized Bloch functions modulated by slowly varying envelope functions. Adopting a local approximation of the electronic structure, the unknown crystal potential in the Schrödinger equation can be replaced by the strain-parametrized Bloch functions and the associated strain-parametrized energy eigenvalues, which can be constructed from unit-cell level ab initio or semi-empirical calculations of homogeneously deformed crystals at a chosen crystal momentum. The Schrödinger equation is then transformed into a coupled differential equation for the envelope functions and solved as a generalized matrix eigenvector problem. As the envelope functions are slowly varying, a coarse spatial or Fourier grid can be used to represent the envelope functions, enabling the method to treat relatively large systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method using a one-dimensional model, where we show that the method can achieve high accuracy in the calculation of energy eigenstates with relatively low cost compared to direct diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. We further derive envelope function equations that allow the method to be used empirically, in which case certain parameters in the envelope function equations will be fitted to experimental data.
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19
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Leão CR, Lordi V. Simultaneous control of ionic and electronic conductivity in materials: thallium bromide case study. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:246604. [PMID: 23004304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.246604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Achieving simultaneous control of ionic and electronic conductivity in materials is one of the great challenges in solid state ionics. Since these properties are intertwined, optimizing one often results in degrading the other. In this Letter, we propose a method to limit ionic current without impacting the electronic properties of a general class of materials, based on codoping with oppositely charged ions. We describe a set of analyses, based on parameter-free quantum mechanical simulations, to assess the efficacy of the approach and determine optimal dopants. For illustration, we discuss the case of thallium bromide, a wide band gap ionic crystal whose promise as a room-temperature radiation detector has been hampered by ionic migration. We find that acceptors and donors bind strongly with the charged vacancies that mediate ionic transport, forming neutral complexes that render them immobile. Analysis of carrier recombination and scattering by the complexes allows the identification of specific dopants that do not degrade electronic transport in the crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric R Leão
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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20
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Zhang KHL, Lazarov VK, Veal TD, Oropeza FE, McConville CF, Egdell RG, Walsh A. Thickness dependence of the strain, band gap and transport properties of epitaxial In2O3 thin films grown on Y-stabilised ZrO2(111). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:334211. [PMID: 21813945 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/33/334211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial films of In(2)O(3) have been grown on Y-stabilised ZrO(2)(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy over a range of thicknesses between 35 and 420 nm. The thinnest films are strained, but display a 'cross-hatch' morphology associated with a network of misfit dislocations which allow partial accommodation of the lattice mismatch. With increasing thickness a 'dewetting' process occurs and the films break up into micron sized mesas, which coalesce into continuous films at the highest coverages. The changes in morphology are accompanied by a progressive release of strain and an increase in carrier mobility to a maximum value of 73 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). The optical band gap in strained ultrathin films is found to be smaller than for thicker films. Modelling of the system, using a combination of classical pair-wise potentials and ab initio density functional theory, provides a microscopic description of the elastic contributions to the strained epitaxial growth, as well as the electronic effects that give rise to the observed band gap changes. The band gap increase induced by the uniaxial compression is offset by the band gap reduction associated with the epitaxial tensile strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H L Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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21
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Moses PG, Miao M, Yan Q, Van de Walle CG. Hybrid functional investigations of band gaps and band alignments for AlN, GaN, InN, and InGaN. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:084703. [PMID: 21361552 DOI: 10.1063/1.3548872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Band gaps and band alignments for AlN, GaN, InN, and InGaN alloys are investigated using density functional theory with the with the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof {HSE06 [J. Heyd, G. E. Scuseria, and M. Ernzerhof, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 8207 (2003); 124, 219906 (2006)]} XC functional. The band gap of InGaN alloys as a function of In content is calculated and a strong bowing at low In content is found, described by bowing parameters 2.29 eV at 6.25% and 1.79 eV at 12.5%, indicating the band gap cannot be described by a single composition-independent bowing parameter. Valence-band maxima (VBM) and conduction-band minima (CBM) are aligned by combining bulk calculations with surface calculations for nonpolar surfaces. The influence of surface termination [(1100) m-plane or (1120) a-plane] is thoroughly investigated. We find that for the relaxed surfaces of the binary nitrides the difference in electron affinities between m- and a-plane is less than 0.1 eV. The absolute electron affinities are found to strongly depend on the choice of XC functional. However, we find that relative alignments are less sensitive to the choice of XC functional. In particular, we find that relative alignments may be calculated based on Perdew-Becke-Ernzerhof [J. P. Perdew, K. Burke, and M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 3865 (1996)] surface calculations with the HSE06 lattice parameters. For InGaN we find that the VBM is a linear function of In content and that the majority of the band-gap bowing is located in the CBM. Based on the calculated electron affinities we predict that InGaN will be suited for water splitting up to 50% In content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poul Georg Moses
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA.
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22
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Wang JQ, Meng FY, Fang ZD, Ye QH. Investigation of a-Si (N+)/c-Si (P) hetero-junction solar cell through AFORS-HET simulation. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Rubel O, Laughton D. Lone-pair states as a key to understanding impact ionization in chalcogenide semiconductors. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:355803. [PMID: 21403299 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/35/355803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Impact ionization of holes and domination of p-conductivity in chalcogenide semiconductors are attributed to a weak electron-phonon interaction inherent to lone-pair states. This argument is supported by first-principles calculations of an acoustical deformation potential in trigonal selenium. Results of the calculations reveal a strong dependence of the deformation potential on the excess energy of charge carriers. The latter is interpreted using a simple tight-binding model.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rubel
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, 290 Munro St, Thunder Bay, ON P7A 7T1, Canada.
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24
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Bardi J, Binggeli N, Baldereschi A. Pressure and alloy-composition dependence of Al/Ga1-xAlxAs (100) Schottky barriers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:R11102-R11105. [PMID: 9984996 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r11102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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25
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Franceschetti A, Wei SH, Zunger A. Absolute deformation potentials of Al, Si, and NaCl. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:17797-17801. [PMID: 9976212 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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26
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Kim K, Lambrecht WR, Segall B. Electronic structure of GaN with strain and phonon distortions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:1502-1505. [PMID: 9976332 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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27
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Zhang Y. Motion of electrons in semiconductors under inhomogeneous strain with application to laterally confined quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:14352-14366. [PMID: 10010516 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Peressi M, Colombo L, Resta R, Baroni S, Baldereschi A. Structural and electronic properties of strained Si/GaAs heterostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:12047-12052. [PMID: 10007552 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Morar JF, Batson PE, Tersoff J. Heterojunction band lineups in Si-Ge alloys using spatially resolved electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:4107-4110. [PMID: 10006544 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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30
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Kavanagh KL, Cargill GS. Lattice strain from substitutional Ga and from holes in heavily doped Si:Ga. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:3323-3331. [PMID: 10001903 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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31
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Qteish A, Needs RJ. Improved model-solid-theory calculations for valence-band offsets at semiconductor-semiconductor interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:1317-1326. [PMID: 10001609 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Resta R. Deformation-potential theorem in metals and in dielectrics. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:11035-11041. [PMID: 9999221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.11035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Walukiewicz W, Hopkins PF, Sundaram M, Gossard AC. Size effect in parabolic GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:10909-10912. [PMID: 9999123 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.10909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Colombo L, Resta R, Baroni S. Valence-band offsets at strained Si/Ge interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:5572-5579. [PMID: 9998396 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.5572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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35
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Lambrecht WR, Segall B, Methfessel M. Calculated elastic constants and deformation potentials of cubic SiC. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:3685-3694. [PMID: 9999997 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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36
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Christensen NE, Gorczyca I. Electronic structure of ZnS/ZnSe superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:1707-1716. [PMID: 9999704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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37
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Dandrea RG, Zunger A. First-principles study of intervalley mixing: Ultrathin GaAs/GaP superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:8962-8989. [PMID: 9996566 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.8962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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38
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Lambrecht WR, Segall B. Electronic structure and bonding at SiC/AlN and SiC/BP interfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:7070-7085. [PMID: 9998171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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39
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Qteish A, Needs RJ. Pseudopotential calculations of the valence-band offsets at the ZnSe/Ge, ZnSe/GaAs, and GaAs/Ge (110) interfaces: Effects of the Ga and Zn 3d electrons. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:4229-4235. [PMID: 9997773 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.4229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Okuyama Y, Tokuda N. Phonon-drag thermoelectric power in AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterojunctions at low temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:7078-7083. [PMID: 9994833 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.7078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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41
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Christensen NE. Electronic structure of beta -FeSi2. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 42:7148-7153. [PMID: 9994841 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.42.7148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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42
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Resta R, Colombo L, Baroni S. Absolute deformation potentials in semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:12358-12361. [PMID: 9993708 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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