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Xu Y, Han L, Jiang W, Zuo Z, Pan S, Fleischer A, Ueda K, Wu J. Attosecond ionic photoionization spectroscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:3412-3415. [PMID: 38875633 DOI: 10.1364/ol.523947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Photoionization is one of the most fundamental processes in light-matter interaction. Advanced attosecond photoelectron spectroscopy provides the possibility to characterize the ultrafast photoemission process in an extremely short attosecond time scale. Following scattering symmetry rules, residual ions encode ultrafast photoionization prints at the instant of electron removal forming an alternative electron emission chronoscope. Here, we experimentally illustrate the attosecond ion reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transition (RABBIT)-like interferometry through the development of high-resolution ion momentum detection in atomic photoionization processes. Our ion interferometry presents identical momentum- and time-dependent scattering phase shift, as we observed in photoelectron spectroscopy, and thus demonstrates that ion interferometry can be a possible alternative attosecond approach to resolve the photoionization process, without the electron homogeneity limitation.
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2
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von Rudorff GF, Artemyev AN, Lagutin BM, Demekhin PV. Optimal photoelectron circular dichroism of a model chiral system. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214301. [PMID: 38828821 DOI: 10.1063/5.0209161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We optimize the internuclear geometry and electronic structure of a model chiral system to achieve a maximal photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in its one-photon ionization by circularly polarized light. The electronic structure calculations are performed by the single center method, while the optimization is done using quantum alchemy employing a Taylor series expansion. Thereby, the effect of bond lengths and uncompensated charge distributions on the chiral response of the model is investigated theoretically in some detail. It is demonstrated that manipulating a chiral asymmetry of the ionic potential may enhance the dichroic parameter (i.e., the PECD) of the randomly oriented model system well beyond β1 = 25%. Furthermore, we demonstrate that quantum alchemy is applicable to PECD despite the unusually strong coupling of spatial and electronic degrees of freedom and discuss the relative impact of the individual degrees of freedom in this model system. We define the necessary conditions for the computational design of PECD for real (non-model) chiral molecules using our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido F von Rudorff
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Anton N Artemyev
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Boris M Lagutin
- Rostov State Transport University, Narodnogo Opolcheniya Square 2, 344038 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Philipp V Demekhin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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3
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Brinkman SS, Tan XL, Brekke B, Mathisen AC, Finnseth Ø, Schenk RJ, Hagiwara K, Huang MJ, Buck J, Kalläne M, Hoesch M, Rossnagel K, Ou Yang KH, Lin MT, Shu GJ, Chen YJ, Tusche C, Bentmann H. Chirality-Driven Orbital Angular Momentum and Circular Dichroism in CoSi. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:196402. [PMID: 38804933 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.196402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Chiral crystals and molecules were recently predicted to form an intriguing platform for unconventional orbital physics. Here, we report the observation of chirality-driven orbital textures in the bulk electronic structure of CoSi, a prototype member of the cubic B20 family of chiral crystals. Using circular dichroism in soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission, we demonstrate the formation of a bulk orbital-angular-momentum texture and monopolelike orbital-momentum locking that depends on crystal handedness. We introduce the intrinsic chiral circular dichroism, icCD, as a differential photoemission observable and a natural probe of chiral electron states. Our findings render chiral crystals promising for spin-orbitronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Suzanne Brinkman
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xin Liang Tan
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Bjørnulf Brekke
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Christian Mathisen
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Finnseth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard Justin Schenk
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenta Hagiwara
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Meng-Jie Huang
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Buck
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias Kalläne
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Moritz Hoesch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Rossnagel
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Kiel University, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kui-Hon Ou Yang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Minn-Tsong Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Jiun Shu
- Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jiun Chen
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Christian Tusche
- Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Hendrik Bentmann
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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4
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Artemyev AN, Tomar R, Trabert D, Kargin D, Kutscher E, Schöffler MS, Schmidt LPH, Pietschnig R, Jahnke T, Kunitski M, Eckart S, Dörner R, Demekhin PV. Photoelectron Circular Dichroism in the Spin-Polarized Spectra of Chiral Molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:123202. [PMID: 38579236 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.123202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
We studied strong-field multiphoton ionization of 1-iodo-2-methylbutane enantiomers with 395 nm circularly polarized laser pulses experimentally and theoretically. For randomly oriented molecules, we observe spin polarization up to about 15%, which is independent of the molecular enantiomer. Our experimental findings are explained theoretically as an intricate interplay between three contributions from HOMO, HOMO-1, and HOMO-2, which are formed of 5p-electrons of the iodine atom. For uniaxially oriented molecules, our theory demonstrates even larger spin polarization. Moreover, we predict a sizable enantiosensitive photoelectron circular dichroism of about 10%, which is different for different spin states of photoelectrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Artemyev
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - R Tomar
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Kargin
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - E Kutscher
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - L Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Pietschnig
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T Jahnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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5
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Sparling C, Ruget A, Ireland L, Kotsina N, Ghafur O, Leach J, Townsend D. The importance of molecular axis alignment and symmetry-breaking in photoelectron elliptical dichroism. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:214301. [PMID: 38038198 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) produced from the photoionization of chiral molecules using elliptically polarized light exhibit a forward/backward asymmetry with respect to the optical propagation direction. By recording these distributions using the velocity-map imaging (VMI) technique, the resulting photoelectron elliptical dichroism (PEELD) has previously been demonstrated as a promising spectroscopic tool for studying chiral molecules in the gas phase. The use of elliptically polarized laser pulses, however, produces PADs (and consequently, PEELD distributions) that do not exhibit cylindrical symmetry about the propagation axis. This leads to significant limitations and challenges when employing conventional VMI acquisition and data processing strategies. Using novel photoelectron image analysis methods based around Hankel transform reconstruction tomography and machine learning, however, we have quantified-for the first time-significant symmetry-breaking contributions to PEELD signals that are of a comparable magnitude to the symmetric terms in the multiphoton ionization of (1R,4R)-(+)- and (1S,4S)-(-)-camphor. This contradicts any assumptions that symmetry-breaking can be ignored when reconstructing VMI data. Furthermore, these same symmetry-breaking terms are expected to appear in any experiment where circular and linear laser fields are used together. This ionization scheme is particularly relevant for investigating dynamics in chiral molecules, but it is not limited to them. Developing a full understanding of these terms and the role they play in the photoionization of chiral molecules is of clear importance if the potential of PEELD and related effects for future practical applications is to be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Sparling
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Ruget
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis Ireland
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Nikoleta Kotsina
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Omair Ghafur
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Leach
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Townsend
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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6
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Ke Y, Song Z, Jiang QD. Vacuum-Induced Symmetry Breaking of Chiral Enantiomer Formation in Chemical Reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:223601. [PMID: 38101368 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.223601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A material with symmetry breaking inside can transmit the symmetry breaking to its vicinity by vacuum electromagnetic fluctuations. Here, we show that vacuum quantum fluctuations proximate to a parity-symmetry-broken material can induce a chirality-dependent spectral shift of chiral molecules, resulting in a chemical reaction process that favors producing one chirality over the other. We calculate concrete examples and evaluate the chirality production rate with experimentally realizable parameters, showing the promise of selecting chirality with symmetry-broken vacuum quantum fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Ke
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Qing-Dong Jiang
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Branch, Hefei National Laboratory, Shanghai 201315, China
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7
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Fiechter MR, Svoboda V, Wörner HJ. Theoretical study of time-resolved photoelectron circular dichroism in the photodissociation of a chiral molecule. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2023; 10:064103. [PMID: 38107245 PMCID: PMC10725305 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), the forward-backward asymmetry of the photoelectron angular distribution when ionizing randomly oriented chiral molecules with circularly polarized light, is an established method to investigate chiral properties of molecules in their electronic ground state. Here, we develop a computational strategy for predicting time-resolved PECD (TRPECD) of chemical reactions and demonstrate the method on the photodissociation of 1-iodo-2-methylbutane. Our approach combines multi-configurational quantum-chemical calculations of the relevant potential-energy surfaces of the neutral and singly ionized molecule with ab initio molecular-dynamics (AIMD) calculations. The PECD parameters along the AIMD trajectories are calculated with the aid of electron-molecule scattering calculations based on the Schwinger variational principle implemented in ePolyScat. Our calculations have been performed for two probe wavelengths (133 and 160 nm) accessible through low-order harmonic generation in gases. Our results show that the TRPECD is a highly sensitive probe of photochemical reaction dynamics. Most interestingly, the TRPECD is found to change sign multiple times along the photodissociation coordinate, in agreement with recent experiments on CHBrFI [Svoboda et al., "Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical reactions," Sci. Adv. 8, eabq2811 (2022)]. The computational protocol introduced in the present work is general and readily applicable to other chiral photochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit R. Fiechter
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Milošević DB, Habibović D. High-order harmonic generation by aligned homonuclear diatomic cations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28848-28860. [PMID: 37853799 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02447d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
We introduce the theory of high-order harmonic generation by aligned homonuclear diatomic cations using a strong-field approximation. The target cation is represented as a system which consists of two atomic (ionic) centres and one active electron, while the driving field is either a monochromatic or bichromatic field. For a linearly polarised driving field, we investigate the differences between the harmonic spectra obtained with a neutral molecule and the corresponding molecular cation. Due to the larger ionisation potential, the molecular cations can withstand much higher laser-field intensity than the corresponding neutral molecule before the saturation effects become significant. This allows one to produce high-order harmonics with energy in the water-window interval or beyond. Also, the harmonic spectrum provides information about the structure of the highest-occupied molecular orbital. In order to obtain elliptically polarised harmonics, we suggest that an orthogonally polarised two-colour field is employed as a driving field. In this case, we analyse the harmonic ellipticity as a function of the relative orientation of the cation in the laser field. We show that the regions with large harmonic ellipticity in the harmonic energy-orientation angle plane are the broadest for cations whose molecular orbital does not have a nodal plane. Finally, we show that the molecular cations exposed to an orthogonally polarised two-colour field represent an excellent setup for the production of elliptically polarised attosecond pulses with a duration shorter than 100 as.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan B Milošević
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dino Habibović
- University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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9
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Jiang X, Nam Y, Rouxel JR, Yong H, Mukamel S. Time-resolved enantiomer-exchange probed by using the orbital angular momentum of X-ray light. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11067-11075. [PMID: 37860657 PMCID: PMC10583748 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02807k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chirality, a geometric property of utmost importance in biochemistry, is now being investigated in the time-domain. Ultrafast chiral techniques can probe the formation or disappearance of stereogenic centers in molecules. The element-sensitivity of X-rays adds the capability to probe chiral nuclear dynamics locally within the molecular system. However, the implementation of ultrafast techniques for measuring transient chirality remains a challenge because of the intrinsic weakness of chiral-sensitive signals based on circularly polarized light. We propose a novel approach for probing the enantiomeric dynamics by using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of X-ray light, which can directly monitor the real-time chirality of molecules. Our simulations probe the oscillations in excited chiral formamide on different potential energy surfaces and demonstrate that using the X-ray OAM can increase the measured asymmetry ratio. Moreover, combining the OAM and SAM (spin angular momentum) provides stronger dichroic signals than linearly polarized light, and offers a powerful scheme for chiral discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Yeonsig Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine California 92697 USA
| | - Jérémy R Rouxel
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine California 92697 USA
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10
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Rouquet E, Roy Chowdhury M, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Dupont J, Lepère V, Le Barbu-Debus K, Zehnacker A. Induced photoelectron circular dichroism onto an achiral chromophore. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6290. [PMID: 37813848 PMCID: PMC10562374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An achiral chromophore can acquire a chiral spectroscopic signature when interacting with a chiral environment. This so-called induced chirality is documented in electronic or vibrational circular dichroism, which arises from the coupling between electric and magnetic transition dipoles. Here, we demonstrate that a chiroptical response is also induced within the electric dipole approximation by observing the asymmetric scattering of a photoelectron ejected from an achiral chromophore in interaction with a chiral host. In a phenol-methyloxirane complex, removing an electron from an achiral aromatic π orbital localised on the phenol moiety results in an intense and opposite photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) for the two enantiomeric complexes with (R) and (S) methyloxirane, evidencing the long-range effect (~5 Å) of the scattering chiral potential. This induced chirality has important structural and analytical implications, discussed here in the context of growing interest in laser-based PECD, for in situ, real time enantiomer determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Rouquet
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | | | - Gustavo A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France.
| | - Jennifer Dupont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Valéria Lepère
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Zehnacker
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France.
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11
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Ress L, Malý P, Landgraf JB, Lindorfer D, Hofer M, Selby J, Lambert C, Renger T, Brixner T. Time-resolved circular dichroism of excitonic systems: theory and experiment on an exemplary squaraine polymer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9328-9349. [PMID: 37712031 PMCID: PMC10498725 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01674a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical foundations for femtosecond time-resolved circular dichroism (TRCD) spectroscopy of excitonic systems are presented. In this method, the system is pumped with linearly polarized light and the signal is defined as the difference between the transient absorption spectrum probed with left and with right circularly polarized light. We present a new experimental setup with a polarization grating as key element to generate circularly polarized pulses. Herein the positive (negative) first order of the diffracted light is left-(right-)circularly polarized and serves as a probe pulse in a TRCD experiment. The grating is capable of transferring ultrashort broadband pulses ranging from 470 nm to 720 nm into two separate beams with opposite ellipticity. By applying a specific chopping scheme we can switch between left and right circular polarizations and detect transient absorption (TA) and TRCD spectra on a shot-to-shot basis simultaneously. We perform experiments on a squaraine polymer, investigating excitonic dynamics, and we develop a general theory for TRCD experiments of excitonically coupled systems that we then apply to describe the experimental data in this particular example. At a magic angle of 54.7° between the pump-pulse polarization and the propagation direction of the probe pulse, the TRCD and TA signals become particularly simple to analyze, since the orientational average over random orientations of complexes factorizes into that of the interaction with the pump and the probe pulse, and the intrinsic electric quadrupole contributions to the TRCD signal average to zero for isotropic samples. Application of exciton theory to linear absorption and to linear circular dichroism spectra of squaraine polymers reveals the presence of two fractions of polymer conformations, a dominant helical conformation with close interpigment distances that are suggested to lead to short-range contributions to site energy shifts and excitonic couplings of the squaraine molecules, and a fraction of unfolded random coils. Theory demonstrates that TRCD spectra of selectively excited helices can resolve state populations that are practically invisible in TA spectroscopy due to the small dipole strength of these states. A qualitative interpretation of TRCD and TA spectra in the spectral window investigated experimentally is offered. The 1 ps time component found in these spectra is related to the slow part of exciton relaxation obtained between states of the helix in the low-energy half of the exciton manifold. The dominant 140 ps time constant reflects the decay of excited states to the electronic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ress
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Pavel Malý
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Ke Karlovu 5 121 16 Praha 2 Czech Republic
| | - Jann B Landgraf
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Universität Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
| | - Dominik Lindorfer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Michael Hofer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Joshua Selby
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thomas Renger
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Altenberger Str. 69 4040 Linz Austria
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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12
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Vogwell J, Rego L, Smirnova O, Ayuso D. Ultrafast control over chiral sum-frequency generation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadj1429. [PMID: 37595045 PMCID: PMC10438458 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an ultrafast all-optical approach for efficient chiral recognition that relies on the interference between two low-order nonlinear processes that are ubiquitous in nonlinear optics: sum-frequency generation and third-harmonic generation. In contrast to traditional sum-frequency generation, our approach encodes the medium's handedness in the intensity of the emitted harmonic signal, rather than in its phase, and it enables full control over the enantiosensitive response. We show how, by sculpting the sub-optical-cycle oscillations of the driving laser field, we can force one molecular enantiomer to emit bright light while its mirror twin remains dark, thus reaching the ultimate efficiency limit of chiral sensitivity via low-order nonlinear light-matter interactions. Our work paves the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of the chiral electronic clouds of chiral molecules using lasers with moderate intensities, in all states of matter: from gases to liquids to solids, with molecular specificity and on ultrafast time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Vogwell
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
| | - Laura Rego
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
- Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Ayuso
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Suzuki YI. Improved Chiral Photoelectron Spectroscopy via Selection of Chirality-Selective Molecular Axis Orientations: A Theoretical Analysis of Non-Negative Smooth Functions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:143202. [PMID: 37084434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.143202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectron spectroscopy for chiral discrimination is routinely performed for low photoelectron kinetic energies (PKEs), whereas it is considered impossible for high PKEs. We demonstrate theoretically that chiral photoelectron spectroscopy for high PKEs is possible using chirality-selective molecular orientation. The photoelectron angular distribution associated with one-photon ionization by unpolarized light can be characterized by a single parameter, β. We show that most other anisotropy parameters are zero when β is 2, as is often the case in the high PKEs. Exceptionally, odd-order anisotropy parameters are increased by a factor of 20 by orientation, even for high PKEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshi-Ichi Suzuki
- School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsucho, Ishikari, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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14
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Hanus V, Kangaparambil S, Richter M, Haßfurth L, Dorner-Kirchner M, Paulus GG, Xie X, Baltuška A, Gräfe S, Zeiler M. Carrier envelope phase sensitivity of photoelectron circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4656-4666. [PMID: 36722912 PMCID: PMC9906976 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We report on a combined experimental and numerical study of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) induced by intense few-cycle laser pulses, using methyloxirane as the molecular example. Our experiments reveal a remarkably pronounced sensitivity of the PECD strength of double-ionization on the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the laser pulses. By comparison to the simulations, which reproduce the measured CEP-dependence for specific orientations of the molecules in the lab frame, we attribute the origin of the observed CEP-dependence of PECD to the CEP-induced modulation of ionization from different areas of the wave functions of three dominant orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Hanus
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria. .,Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Martin Richter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Lukas Haßfurth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Gerhard G. Paulus
- Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena07743 JenaGermany
| | - Xinhua Xie
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria. .,SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andrius Baltuška
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany. .,Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Zeiler
- Photonics Institute, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Triptow J, Fielicke A, Meijer G, Green M. Imaging Photoelectron Circular Dichroism in the Detachment of Mass-Selected Chiral Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212020. [PMID: 36201361 PMCID: PMC10099851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectron Circular Dichroism (PECD) is a forward-backward asymmetry in the photoemission from a non-racemic sample induced by circularly polarized light. PECD spectroscopy has potential analytical advantages for chiral discrimination over other chiroptical methods due to its increased sensitivity to the chiral potential of the molecule. The use of anions for PECD spectroscopy allows for mass-selectivity and provides a path to simple experimental schemes that employ table-top light sources. Evidence of PECD for anions is limited, and insight into the forces that govern PECD electron dynamics in photodetachment is absent. Here, we demonstrate a PECD effect in the photodetachment of mass-selected deprotonated 1-indanol anions. By utilizing velocity map imaging photoelectron spectroscopy with a tunable light source, we determine the energy-resolved PECD over a wide range of photon energies. The observed PECD reaches up to 11 %, similar to what has been measured for neutral species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Triptow
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mallory Green
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Mayer N, Patchkovskii S, Morales F, Ivanov M, Smirnova O. Imprinting Chirality on Atoms Using Synthetic Chiral Light Fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:243201. [PMID: 36563267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.243201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atoms are usually thought of as achiral objects. However, one can construct superpositions of atomic states that are chiral [1]. Here, we show how to excite such superpositions with tailored light fields both in the weak-field and strong-field regimes, using realistic laser parameters. First, we use time-dependent Schrödinger equation simulations to demonstrate the creation of a time-dependent bound chiral wave packet in sodium atoms. Second, we show how the time-dependent handedness of this wave packet can be probed by photoelectron circular dichroism, in spite of the central symmetry of the core potential. Third, we use time-dependent Schrödinger equation simulations to show how chirality can be directly imprinted on a photoelectron wave packet created by strong-field ionization and introduce an unambiguous chiral measure that allows us to characterize its handedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Mayer
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Felipe Morales
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Misha Ivanov
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Tikhonov DS, Blech A, Leibscher M, Greenman L, Schnell M, Koch CP. Pump-probe spectroscopy of chiral vibrational dynamics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eade0311. [PMID: 36475788 PMCID: PMC9728962 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A planar molecule may become chiral upon excitation of an out-of-plane vibration, changing its handedness during half a vibrational period. When exciting such a vibration in an ensemble of randomly oriented molecules with an infrared laser, half of the molecules will undergo the vibration phase-shifted by π compared to the other half, and no net chiral signal is observed. This symmetry can be broken by exciting the vibrational motion with a Raman transition in the presence of a static electric field. Subsequent ionization of the vibrating molecules by an extreme ultraviolet pulse probes the time-dependent net handedness via the photoelectron circular dichroism. Our proposal for pump-probe spectroscopy of molecular chirality, based on quantum-chemical theory and discussed for the example of the carbonyl chlorofluoride molecule, is feasible with current experimental technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis S. Tikhonov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Blech
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Leibscher
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Loren Greenman
- Department of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, 1228 N. 17th St., Manhattan, KS 66506-2601, USA
| | - Melanie Schnell
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christiane P. Koch
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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18
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Ayuso D, Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. Ultrafast chirality: the road to efficient chiral measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26962-26991. [PMID: 36342056 PMCID: PMC9673685 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01009g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Today we are witnessing the electric-dipole revolution in chiral measurements. Here we reflect on its lessons and outcomes, such as the perspective on chiral measurements using the complementary principles of "chiral reagent" and "chiral observer", the hierarchy of scalar, vectorial and tensorial enantio-sensitive observables, the new properties of the chiro-optical response in the ultrafast and non-linear domains, and the geometrical magnetism associated with the chiral response in photoionization. The electric-dipole revolution is a landmark event. It has opened routes to extremely efficient enantio-discrimination with a family of new methods. These methods are governed by the same principles but work in vastly different regimes - from microwaves to optical light; they address all molecular degrees of freedom - electronic, vibrational and rotational, and use flexible detection schemes, i.e. detecting photons or electrons, making them applicable to different chiral phases, from gases to liquids to amorphous solids. The electric-dipole revolution has also enabled enantio-sensitive manipulation of chiral molecules with light. This manipulation includes exciting and controlling ultrafast helical currents in vibronic states of chiral molecules, enantio-sensitive control of populations in electronic, vibronic and rotational molecular states, and opens the way to efficient enantio-separation and enantio-sensitive trapping of chiral molecules. The word "perspective" has two meanings: an "outlook" and a "point of view". In this perspective article, we have tried to cover both meanings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK.
| | - Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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19
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Jiang W, Armstrong GSJ, Tong J, Xu Y, Zuo Z, Qiang J, Lu P, Clarke DDA, Benda J, Fleischer A, Ni H, Ueda K, van der Hart HW, Brown AC, Gong X, Wu J. Atomic partial wave meter by attosecond coincidence metrology. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5072. [PMID: 36038537 PMCID: PMC9424306 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Attosecond chronoscopy is central to the understanding of ultrafast electron dynamics in matter from gas to the condensed phase with attosecond temporal resolution. It has, however, not yet been possible to determine the timing of individual partial waves, and steering their contribution has been a substantial challenge. Here, we develop a polarization-skewed attosecond chronoscopy serving as a partial wave meter to reveal the role of each partial wave from the angle-resolved photoionization phase shifts in rare gas atoms. We steer the relative ratio between different partial waves and realize a magnetic-sublevel-resolved atomic phase shift measurement. Our experimental observations are well supported by time-dependent R-matrix numerical simulations and analytical soft-photon approximation analysis. The symmetry-resolved, partial-wave analysis identifies the transition rate and phase shift property in the attosecond photoelectron emission dynamics. Our findings provide critical insights into the ubiquitous attosecond optical timer and the underlying attosecond photoionization dynamics. Understanding the photoelectron emission time after the interaction of photon with atoms and molecules is of fundamental interest. Here the authors examine the role of partial waves to the photoionization phase shift of atoms using an attosecond clock and electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory S J Armstrong
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jihong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zitan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peifen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniel D A Clarke
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jakub Benda
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Avner Fleischer
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Science, School of Chemistry and Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Hongcheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hugo W van der Hart
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew C Brown
- Centre for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast, BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Xiaochun Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Waters MDJ, Ladda N, Sentfleben A, Svoboda V, Belozertsev M, Baumert T, Wörner HJ. Ground-state Photoelectron Circular Dichroism of Methyl p-Tolyl Sulfoxide by Single-photon Ionisation from a Table-top Source. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200575. [PMID: 35969023 PMCID: PMC10087734 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Single-photon ionisation of enantiopure methyl p -tolyl sulfoxide by circularly polarised light at 133nm shows remarkably strong photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), which has been measured in a velocity-map-imaging spectrometer. Both enantiomers were measured, each showing a PECD of a similar magnitude (ca. 25%). These experiments were carried out with a tabletop high-harmonic source with a photon energy of 9.3eV, capable of ionising the electronic ground state of most organic and inorganic molecules. Ab-initio scattering calculations provide a theoretical value of the expected chiral asymmetry parameter, and agree very well with the measured values once orbital mixing via configuration interaction in the cation is taken into account. This study demonstrates a simple photoionisation scheme that can be readily applied to study the time-resolved PECD of photochemical reactions and suggests a pronounced sensitivity of PECD to electronic configuration interaction in the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max D J Waters
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Nicolas Ladda
- Universität Kassel: Universitat Kassel, Physics Department, SWITZERLAND
| | - Arne Sentfleben
- Universität Kassel: Universitat Kassel, Department of Physics, SWITZERLAND
| | - Vit Svoboda
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Mikhail Belozertsev
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Adolf-Butenandt-Institut: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Biomedizinisches Centrum Munchen, Department of Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Thomas Baumert
- Universität Kassel: Universitat Kassel, Department of Physics, GERMANY
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- ETH Zürich, chemistry and applied biosciences, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093, Zürich, SWITZERLAND
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21
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Svoboda V, Ram NB, Baykusheva D, Zindel D, Waters MDJ, Spenger B, Ochsner M, Herburger H, Stohner J, Wörner HJ. Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical reactions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq2811. [PMID: 35857523 PMCID: PMC9286499 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the chirality of molecular reaction pathways is essential for a broad range of fundamental and applied sciences. However, the current ability to probe chirality on the time scale of primary processes underlying chemical reactions remains very limited. Here, we demonstrate time-resolved photoelectron circular dichroism (TRPECD) with ultrashort circularly polarized vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) pulses from a tabletop source. We demonstrate the capabilities of VUV-TRPECD by resolving the chirality changes in time during the photodissociation of atomic iodine from two chiral molecules. We identify several general key features of TRPECD, which include the ability to probe dynamical chirality along the complete photochemical reaction path, the sensitivity to the local chirality of the evolving scattering potential, and the influence of electron scattering off dissociating photofragments. Our results are interpreted by comparison with high-level ab-initio calculations of transient PECDs from molecular photoionization calculations. Our experimental and theoretical techniques define a general approach to femtochirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vít Svoboda
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Niraghatam Bhargava Ram
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research–Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India
| | | | - Daniel Zindel
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Max D. J. Waters
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Spenger
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Ochsner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Holger Herburger
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Stohner
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil 8820, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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22
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Krüger P, Both JH, Linne U, Chirot F, Weitzel KM. Photoelectron Circular Dichroism of Electrosprayed Gramicidin Anions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6110-6116. [PMID: 35759344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many sophisticated approaches for analyzing properties of chiral matter have been developed in recent years. But in general, the available chiroptical methods are limited to either solvated or small gaseous molecules. Studying the chirality of large biopolymers in the gas phase, including aspects of the secondary structure, becomes accessible by combining the electrospray ionization technique with chiroptical detection protocols. Here, laser-induced photodetachment from gramicidin anions, a peptide consisting of 15 amino acids has been investigated. The angular distribution of photoelectrons is demonstrated to be sensitive to the substitution of protons by cesium ions, which is accompanied by a conformational change. The photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) is -0.5% for bare gramicidin, whereas gramicidin with several Cs+ ions attached exhibits a PECD of +0.5%. The results are complemented and supported by ion mobility studies. The presented approach offers the prospect of studying chirality and the secondary structure of various biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Krüger
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jon Henrik Both
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Linne
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Fabien Chirot
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Karl-Michael Weitzel
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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23
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Xu L, Tutunnikov I, Prior Y, Averbukh I. Optimization of the double-laser-pulse scheme for enantioselective orientation of chiral molecules. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:034304. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0092114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of enantioselective orientation of chiral molecules excited by a pair of delayed cross-polarized femtosecond laser pulses. We show that by optimizing the pulses' parameters, a significant (~ 10%) degree of enantioselective orientation can be achieved at zero and at five kelvin rotational temperatures. This study suggests a set of reasonable experimental conditions for inducing and measuring strong enantioselective orientation. The strong enantioselective orientation and the wide availability of the femtosecond laser systems required for the proposed experiments may open new avenues for discriminating and separating molecular enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
| | - Ilia Tutunnikov
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
| | | | - Ilya Averbukh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
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24
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Fehre K, Trinter F, Novikovskiy NM, Grundmann S, Tsitsonis D, Eckart S, Bauer L, Hilzinger M, Jahnke T, Dörner R, Demekhin PV, Schöffler MS. Influence of the emission site on the photoelectron circular dichroism in trifluoromethyloxirane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13597-13604. [PMID: 35621377 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a joint experimental and theoretical study of the differential photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in inner-shell photoionization of uniaxially oriented trifluoromethyloxirane. By adjusting the photon energy of the circularly polarized synchrotron radiation, we address 1s-photoionization of the oxygen, different carbon, and all fluorine atoms. The photon energies were chosen such that in all cases electrons with a similar kinetic energy of about 11 eV are emitted. Employing coincident detection of electrons and fragment ions, we concentrate on identical molecular fragmentation channels for all of the electron-emitter scenarios. Thereby, we systematically examine the influence of the emission site of the photoelectron wave on the differential PECD. We observe large differences in the PECD signals. The present experimental results are supported by corresponding relaxed-core Hartree-Fock calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Florian Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolay M Novikovskiy
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany. .,Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Sven Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Dimitrios Tsitsonis
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Leonie Bauer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Maria Hilzinger
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Till Jahnke
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Philipp V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany.
| | - Markus S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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25
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Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. A geometric approach to decoding molecular structure and dynamics from photoionization of isotropic samples. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:13605-13615. [PMID: 35621456 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05645j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We propose a geometric approach to the description and analysis of photoelectron angular distributions resulting from isotropic samples in the case of few-photon ionization by electric fields of arbitrary polarization. This approach formulates the standard photoionization observables - the bl,m expansion coefficients of the photoelectron angular distribution, in terms of geometrical properties of the vector field D⃑(k⃑) ≡ 〈k⃑|d⃑|0〉 describing the electronic transition from a bound state |0〉 into a scattering state |k⃑〉 - the photoionization transition dipole. Besides revealing selection rules for the enantio-sensitivity of bl,m coefficients in multiphoton ionization, our approach yields very compact expressions for both chiral and achiral molecules revealing how the molecular rotational invariants couple to the rotational invariants of the setup defined by the electric field polarization and the arrangement of photoelectron detectors. We apply this approach to one-photon ionization and find that the forward-backward asymmetry parameter b1,0, emerging exclusively in chiral molecules and encoded in the field B⃑(k⃑) ≡ iD⃑*(k⃑) × D⃑(k⃑), is sensitive only to the components of D⃑(k⃑) perpendicular to k⃑, while the regular asymmetry parameter b2,0 emerging in chiral and achiral molecules is sensitive only to the component of D⃑(k⃑) parallel to k⃑. Next, we analyze resonantly enhanced two-photon ionization and show that b0,0 and b1,0 can be written in terms of an effectively stretched D⃑(k⃑), and how b1,0 and b3,0 can be used to probe B⃑(k⃑).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Ayuso D. New opportunities for ultrafast and highly enantio-sensitive imaging of chiral nuclear dynamics enabled by synthetic chiral light. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:10193-10200. [PMID: 35420074 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chiral light [D. Ayuso et al., Nat. Photon., 2019, 13, 866-871] has opened up new opportunities for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging and control of chiral matter. Here we show that the giant enantio-sensitivity enabled by such light could be exploited to probe chiral nuclear rearrangements during chemical reactions in a highly enantio-sensitive manner. Using a state-of-the-art implementation of real-time time-dependent density functional theory, we explore how the nonlinear response of the prototypical chiral molecule H2O2 changes as a function of its dihedral angle, which defines its handedness. The macroscopic intensity emitted from randomly oriented molecules at even harmonic frequencies (of the fundamental) depends strongly on this nuclear coordinate. Because of the ultrafast nature of such nonlinear interactions, the direct mapping between the dissymmetry factor and the nuclear geometry provides a way to probe chiral nuclear dynamics at their natural time scales. Our work paves the way for ultrafast and highly efficient imaging of enantio-sensitive dynamics in more complex chiral systems, including biologically relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ayuso
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, UK. .,Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Svoboda V, Waters MDJ, Zindel D, Wörner HJ. Generation and complete polarimetry of ultrashort circularly polarized extreme-ultraviolet pulses. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:14358-14367. [PMID: 35473180 DOI: 10.1364/oe.449411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The generation of ultrashort circularly polarized pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet spectral range has recently attracted considerable interest for applications in time-resolved circular-dichroism experiments. Here, we demonstrate a simple approach to generate near-circularly polarized femtosecond pulses in the vacuum-ultraviolet. The ellipticity of the generated light can be continuously tuned from linear to near-circular, as demonstrated by detailed polarimetry measurements. Combining optical polarimetry with photoelectron circular-dichroism (PECD) measurements, we demonstrate a novel approach to characterizing the polarization state of light in terms of all four Stokes parameters. For photon energies of 9.3 eV, we obtained S3 = 0.96 ± 0.02 and a degree of polarization of 97±2%, i.e. the highest values reported from any harmonic-generation source so far. This source is directly applicable to circular-dichroism experiments, also enabling time-resolved PECD in the extreme-ultraviolet, a general approach to probing time-dependent chirality during chemical processes on (sub)-femtosecond time scales.
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28
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Amplification of elliptically polarized sub-femtosecond pulses in neon-like X-ray laser modulated by an IR field. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6204. [PMID: 35418583 PMCID: PMC9008065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Amplification of attosecond pulses produced via high harmonic generation is a formidable problem since none of the amplifiers can support the corresponding PHz bandwidth. Producing the well defined polarization state common for a set of harmonics required for formation of the circularly/elliptically polarized attosecond pulses (which are on demand for dynamical imaging and coherent control of the spin flip processes) is another big challenge. In this work we show how both problems can be tackled simultaneously on the basis of the same platform, namely, the plasma-based X-ray amplifier whose resonant transition frequency is modulated by an infrared field.
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29
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Pohl MN, Malerz S, Trinter F, Lee C, Kolbeck C, Wilkinson I, Thürmer S, Neumark DM, Nahon L, Powis I, Meijer G, Winter B, Hergenhahn U. Photoelectron circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission from liquid fenchone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8081-8092. [PMID: 35253025 PMCID: PMC8985659 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05748k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present an experimental X-ray photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) study of liquid fenchone at the C 1s edge. A novel setup to enable PECD measurements on a liquid microjet [Malerz et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2022, 93, 015101] was used. For the C 1s line assigned to fenchone's carbonyl carbon, a non-vanishing asymmetry is found in the intensity of photoelectron spectra acquired under a fixed angle in the backward-scattering plane. This experiment paves the way towards an innovative probe of the chirality of organic/biological molecules in aqueous solution. We present the first X-ray photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) study from a liquid phase sample, exemplified for liquid fenchone at the C 1s edge.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin N Pohl
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sebastian Malerz
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Florian Trinter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Franfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Claudia Kolbeck
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Department of Locally-Sensitive & Time-Resolved Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Mersiers, St. Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Ivan Powis
- School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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30
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Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. Disentangling enantiosensitivity from dichroism using bichromatic fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7264-7273. [PMID: 35274634 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We discuss how tensorial observables, available in photoelectron angular distributions resulting from interaction between isotropic chiral samples and cross polarized ω-2ω bichromatic fields, allow for chiral discrimination without chiral light and within the electric-dipole approximation. We extend the concept of chiral setup [A. F. Ordonez and O. Smirnova, Phys. Rev. A, 2018, 98, 063428], which explains how chiral discrimination can be achieved in the absence of chiral light, to the case of tensorial observables. We derive selection rules for the enantiosensitivity and dichroism of the bl,m coefficients describing the photoelectron angular distribution valid for both weak and strong fields and for arbitrary ω-2ω relative phase. Explicit expressions for simple perturbative cases are given. We find that, besides the known dichroic non-enantiosensitive [R. E. Goetz, C. P. Koch and L. Greenman, J. Chem. Phys., 2019, 151, 074106], and dichroic-and-enantiosensitive bl,m coefficients found recently [P. V. Demekhin, Phys. Rev. A, 2019, 99, 063406], there are also enantiosensitive non-dichroic bl,m coefficients. These reveal the molecular enantiomer independently of the relative phase between the two colors and are therefore observable even in the absence of stabilization of the ω-2ω relative phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Abstract
Two molecules are enantiomers if they are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other. Electric dipole-allowed cyclic transitions |1⟩ → |2⟩ → |3⟩ → |1⟩ obey the symmetry relation OR=-OS, where OR,S = (μ21R,SE21)(μ13R,SE13)(μ32R,SE32) and R and S label the two enantiomers. Herein, we generalize the concept of topological frequency conversion to an ensemble of enantiomers. We show that, within a rotating-frame, the pumping power between fields of frequency ω1 and ω2 is sensitive to enantiomeric excess, P2→1 = ℏ[ω1ω2CLR/(2π)](NR - NS), where Ni is the number of enantiomers i and CLR is an enantiomer-dependent Chern number. Connections with chiroptical microwave spectroscopy are made. Our work provides an underexplored and fertile connection between topological physics and molecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Schwennicke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joel Yuen-Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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32
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Schuurman MS, Blanchet V. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy: the continuing evolution of a mature technique. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20012-20024. [PMID: 35297909 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05885a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) has become one of the most widespread techniques for probing nonadiabatic dynamics in the excited electronic states of molecules. Furthermore, the complementary development of ab initio approaches for the simulation of TRPES signals has enabled the interpretation of these transient spectra in terms of underlying coupled electronic-nuclear dynamics. In this perspective, we discuss the current state-of-the-art approaches, including efforts to push femtosecond pulses into vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray regimes as well as the utilization of novel polarizations to use time-resolved optical activity as a probe of nonadiabatic dynamics. We close this perspective with a forward-looking prospectus on the new areas of application for this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Schuurman
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6B9, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Dr, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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33
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Becker W, Milošević DB. Elliptic dichroism in strong-field ionization of atoms subjected to tailored laser fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7014-7027. [PMID: 35257125 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05209h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The differential ionization rate for strong-field ionization by tailored laser fields of atomic systems averaged over the magnetic quantum number satisfies particular inversion and reflection symmetries. The symmetries of the elliptic-dichroism parameter, which is related to the change of sign of the ellipticity of the laser field, are considered in detail, with particular emphasis on high-order above-threshold ionization. The general results are illustrated by the examples of an elliptically polarized laser field and a bi-elliptical orthogonally polarized two-color (BEOTC) field. For the BEOTC field the differential ionization rate and the elliptic-dichroism parameter are investigated for the ω-2ω and ω-3ω field combinations and for various relative phases between the laser-field components. The inversion and reflection symmetries of the photoelectron momentum distribution in the polarization plane of the field depend on the parities of r and s in the rω--sω BEOTC field combination and on the relative phase between the field components. We suggest that, by analyzing the symmetry properties of the measured momentum distribution of the elliptic-dichroism parameter, one can identify the mechanism of strong-field ionization. If the rescattering mechanism is dominant one can use these distributions to obtain information about the atomic and molecular structure and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Becker
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dejan B Milošević
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, 12489 Berlin, Germany. .,University of Sarajevo - Faculty of Science, Zmaja od Bosne 35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. .,Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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34
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Beauvarlet S, Bloch E, Rajak D, Descamps D, Fabre B, Petit S, Pons B, Mairesse Y, Blanchet V. Photoelectron elliptical dichroism spectroscopy of resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization via the 3s, 3p and 3d Rydberg series in fenchone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6415-6427. [PMID: 35113091 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05618b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of chiral molecules by elliptically polarized laser pulses produces photoelectron angular distributions that are forward/backward asymmetric with respect to the light propagation axis. We investigate this photoelectron elliptical dichroism in the (2 + 1)-photon ionization of fenchone molecules, using wavelength tunable femtosecond UV pulses. We show that the photoelectron elliptical asymmetry is extremely sensitive to the intermediate resonant states involved in the ionization process, and enables electronic couplings to be revealed that do not show up so clearly when using circularly polarized light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Beauvarlet
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Etienne Bloch
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Debobrata Rajak
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Dominique Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Baptiste Fabre
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Stéphane Petit
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Bernard Pons
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Yann Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Valérie Blanchet
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR 5107, F33405 Talence, France.
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35
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Ordonez AF, Smirnova O. Propensity rules for photoelectron circular dichroism in strong field ionization of chiral molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5720-5728. [PMID: 35188152 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05485f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral molecules ionized by circularly polarized fields produce a photoelectron current orthogonal to the polarization plane. This current has opposite directions for opposite enantiomers and provides an extremely sensitive probe of molecular handedness. Recently, such photoelectron currents have been measured in the strong-field ionization regime, where they may serve as an ultrafast probe of molecular chirality. Here we provide a mechanism for the emergence of such strong-field photoelectron currents in terms of two propensity rules that link the properties of the initial electronic chiral state to the direction of the photoelectron current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres F Ordonez
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Olga Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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36
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Ayuso D, Ordonez AF, Decleva P, Ivanov M, Smirnova O. Strong chiral response in non-collinear high harmonic generation driven by purely electric-dipole interactions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:4659-4667. [PMID: 35209442 DOI: 10.1364/oe.444210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) records the ultrafast electronic response of matter to light, encoding key properties of the interrogated quantum system, such as chirality. The first implementation of chiral HHG [Cireasa et al, Nat. Phys.11, 654 (2015)10.1038/nphys3369] relied on the weak electronic response of a medium of randomly oriented chiral molecules to the magnetic component of an elliptically polarized wave, yielding relatively weak chiro-optical signals. Here we apply state-of-the-art semi-analytical modelling to show that elliptically polarized light can drive a strong chiral response in chiral molecules via purely electric-dipole interactions - the magnetic component of the wave does not participate at all. This strong chiro-optical response, which remains hidden in standard HHG experiments, can be mapped into the macroscopic far-field signal using a non-collinear configuration, creating new opportunities for imaging chiral matter and chiral dynamics on ultrafast time scales.
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37
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Carrasco S, Rogan J, Valdivia JA, Chang BY, Malinovsky VS, Sola IR. Circularly polarized light-induced potentials and the demise of excited states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2966-2973. [PMID: 35043129 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04523g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of strong electric fields, the excited states of single-electron molecules and molecules with large transient dipoles become unstable because of anti-alignment, the rotation of the molecular axis perpendicular to the field vector, where bond hardening is not possible. We show how to overcome this problem by using circularly polarized electromagnetic fields. Using a full quantum description of the electronic, vibrational, and rotational degrees of freedom, we characterize the excited electronic state dressed by the field and analyze its dependence on the bond length and angle and the stability of its vibro-rotational eigenstates. Although the dynamics is metastable, most of the population remains trapped in this excited state for hundreds of femtoseconds, allowing quantum control. Contrary to what happens with linearly polarized fields, the photodissociation occurs along the initial molecular axis, not perpendicular to it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Rogan
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.,Centro Para la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnolgía, CEDENNA, Chile
| | - Juan Alejandro Valdivia
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago 7800024, Chile.,Centro Para la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnolgía, CEDENNA, Chile
| | - Bo Y Chang
- School of Chemistry(RIBS), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ignacio R Sola
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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38
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Ranecky ST, Park GB, Samartzis PC, Giannakidis IC, Schwarzer D, Senftleben A, Baumert T, Schäfer T. Detecting chirality in mixtures using nanosecond photoelectron circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2758-2761. [PMID: 35044414 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report chirality detection of structural isomers in a gas phase mixture using nanosecond photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD). Combining pulsed molecular beams with high-resolution resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI) allows specific isolated transitions belonging to distinct components in the mixture to be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Ranecky
- Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - G Barratt Park
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany. .,Max Planck Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Box 41061, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA
| | - Peter C Samartzis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), P. O. Box 1527, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - Ioannis C Giannakidis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), P. O. Box 1527, Heraklion 71110, Greece.,Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Dirk Schwarzer
- Max Planck Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Arne Senftleben
- Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - Thomas Baumert
- Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - Tim Schäfer
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany. .,Max Planck Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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39
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Lehmann CS, Botros D, Weitzel KM. Coincident measurement of photo-ion circular dichroism and photo-electron circular dichroism on 1-Phenylethylamine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:15904-15911. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the coincident measurement of the PICD and PECD effect in 1-Phenylethylamine upon multiphoton ionisation. Photo-ion circular dichroism (PICD) and photo-electron circular dichroism (PECD) are both methods to...
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40
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Lee HG, Ranecky ST, Vasudevan S, Ladda N, Rosen T, Das S, Ghosh J, Braun H, Reich DM, Senftleben A, Baumert T. Pulse length dependence of photoelectron circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27483-27494. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03202c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) using pulses with various durations. From the experiment with fenchone, we found constancy of the PECD over a wide range of pulse durations and estimated lifetimes of internal conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-gyeol Lee
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Simon T. Ranecky
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Sudheendran Vasudevan
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Nicolas Ladda
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Tonio Rosen
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Sagnik Das
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Jayanta Ghosh
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Hendrike Braun
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Daniel M. Reich
- Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Senftleben
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Thomas Baumert
- Institut für Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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41
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Dowek D, Decleva P. Trends in angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24614-24654. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective article, main trends of angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy in the laboratory up to the molecular frame, in different regimes of light-matter interactions, are highlighted with emphasis on foundations and most recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dowek
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Piero Decleva
- CNR IOM and Dipartimento DSCF, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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42
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Janssen M, Nahon L, Smirnova O, Stolow A. Fundamentals and applications of molecular photoelectron spectroscopy – Festschrift for Ivan Powis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24611-24613. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp90168d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This themed collection includes a collection of articles on fundamentals and applications of molecular photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Smirnova
- Max Born Institute and Technical University Berlin, Germany
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43
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Suzuki YI. Wave packet simulations for molecular orientation induced by circularly polarized light: Toward chiral resolution in the gas phase. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Blanchet V, Descamps D, Petit S, Mairesse Y, Pons B, Fabre B. Ultrafast relaxation investigated by photoelectron circular dichroism: an isomeric comparison of camphor and fenchone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25612-25628. [PMID: 34781331 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03569j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study the isomeric effects using time resolved photoelectron circular dichroism (TR-PECD). Using a (1 + 1') pump-probe ionisation scheme with photoelectrons collected by the velocity map imaging technique, we compare the relaxation dynamics from the 3s-Rydberg state in 1R,4R-(+)-camphor with the one in its chiral isomer, 1R,4S-(-)-fenchone [Comby et al., 2016, JPCL, 7, 4514]. Our measurements revealed a similar lifetime for both isomers. However, the circular dichroism in the photoelectron angular distribution decays exponentially in ∼730 fs from a +9% forward amplitude during the first hundreds of femtoseconds to reach an asymptotic -2% backward amplitude. This time-scale is drastically shorter than in fenchone. Our analysis allows us to evaluate the impact of the anisotropy of excitation; the relaxation dynamics, following photoexcitation by the linearly polarized pump, is then compared to that induced by a circularly polarized pump pulse (CPL). With such a CPL pump, we then retrieve time constants of our chiral observables similar to the ones recorded in fenchone. Quantum and classical simulations are developed and used to decipher the dependence of the PECD on the anisotropy of excitation and the spatial distribution of the 3s-Rydberg electron wavefunction. Our experimental investigations, supported by our simulations, suggest that varying the pump ellipticity enables us to reveal the breakdown of the Franck-Condon approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Blanchet
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Dominique Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Stéphane Petit
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Yann Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Bernard Pons
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
| | - Baptiste Fabre
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France.
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Darquié B, Saleh N, Tokunaga SK, Srebro-Hooper M, Ponzi A, Autschbach J, Decleva P, Garcia GA, Crassous J, Nahon L. Valence-shell photoelectron circular dichroism of ruthenium(III)-tris-(acetylacetonato) gas-phase enantiomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24140-24153. [PMID: 34666343 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02921e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral transition-metal complexes are of interest in many fields ranging from asymmetric catalysis and molecular materials science to optoelectronic applications or fundamental physics including parity violation effects. We present here a combined theoretical and experimental investigation of gas-phase valence-shell photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) on the challenging open-shell ruthenium(III)-tris-(acetylacetonato) complex, Ru(acac)3. Enantiomerically pure Δ- or Λ-Ru(acac)3, characterized by electronic circular dichroism (ECD), were vaporized and adiabatically expanded to produce a supersonic beam and photoionized by circularly-polarized VUV light from the DESIRS beamline at Synchrotron SOLEIL. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and PECD experiments were conducted using a double imaging electron/ion coincidence spectrometer, and compared to density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations. The open-shell character of Ru(acac)3, which is not taken into account in our DFT approach, is expected to give rise to a wide multiplet structure, which is not resolved in our PES signals but whose presence might be inferred from the additional striking features observed in the PECD curves. Nevertheless, the DFT-based assignment of the electronic bands leads to the characterisation of the ionized orbitals. In line with other recent works, the results confirm that PECD persists independently on the localization and/or on the achiral or chiral nature of the initial orbital, but is rather a probe of the molecular potential as a whole. Overall, the measured PECD signals on Ru(acac)3, a system exhibiting D3 propeller-type chirality, are of similar magnitude compared to those on asymmetric-carbon-based chiral organic molecules which constitute the vast majority of species investigated so far, thus suggesting that PECD is a universal mechanism, inherent to any type of chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Darquié
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CNRS, Villetaneuse, France.
| | - Nidal Saleh
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226 ScanMat - UMS 2001, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Sean K Tokunaga
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CNRS, Villetaneuse, France.
| | - Monika Srebro-Hooper
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Aurora Ponzi
- CNR IOM and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universita' di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Piero Decleva
- CNR IOM and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universita' di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Gustavo A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226 ScanMat - UMS 2001, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France.
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46
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Belmiro Chu CT, Sheu YL, Chu SI. Bayesian optimal control of the ultrashort circularly polarized attosecond pulse generation by two-color polarization gating. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:32900-32909. [PMID: 34809112 DOI: 10.1364/oe.438212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present ab initio simulations of optimal control of high-order-harmonic generation spectra that enable the synthesis of a circularly polarized 53-attosecond pulse in a single Helium atom response. The Bayesian optimization is used to achieve control of a two-color polarization gating laser waveform such that a series of harmonics in the plateau region are phase-matched, which can be used for attosecond pulse synthesis. To find the underlying mechanisms for generating these harmonics, we perform a wavelet analysis for the induced dipole moment in acceleration form, and compare the time-energy representation with the quantum paths extracted from the semiclassical calculation. We found that these coherent harmonics are excited along the short trajectories. The proposed method has the potential to migrate to laboratories for generation of isolated circularly polarized ultrashort attosecond pulses.
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47
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Chang HP, Nakamura M, Kasai T, Lin KC. Photodissociation study of spatially oriented (R)-3-bromocamphor by the hexapole state selector. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1985643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Pu Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masaaki Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro, Japan
| | - Toshio Kasai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - King-Chuen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Fehre K, Novikovskiy NM, Grundmann S, Kastirke G, Eckart S, Trinter F, Rist J, Hartung A, Trabert D, Janke C, Nalin G, Pitzer M, Zeller S, Wiegandt F, Weller M, Kircher M, Hofmann M, Schmidt LPH, Knie A, Hans A, Ltaief LB, Ehresmann A, Berger R, Fukuzawa H, Ueda K, Schmidt-Böcking H, Williams JB, Jahnke T, Dörner R, Schöffler MS, Demekhin PV. Fourfold Differential Photoelectron Circular Dichroism. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:103201. [PMID: 34533326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on a joint experimental and theoretical study of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) in methyloxirane. By detecting O 1s photoelectrons in coincidence with fragment ions, we deduce the molecule's orientation and photoelectron emission direction in the laboratory frame. Thereby, we retrieve a fourfold differential PECD clearly beyond 50%. This strong chiral asymmetry is reproduced by ab initio electronic structure calculations. Providing such a pronounced contrast makes PECD of fixed-in-space chiral molecules an even more sensitive tool for chiral recognition in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - N M Novikovskiy
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - S Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - G Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - S Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - F Trinter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - J Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - A Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - D Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - C Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - G Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Pitzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - S Zeller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - F Wiegandt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - L Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - A Hans
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - L Ben Ltaief
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Århus 8000, Denmark
| | - A Ehresmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - R Berger
- Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - H Fukuzawa
- Institute of multidisciplinary research for advanced materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of multidisciplinary research for advanced materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - H Schmidt-Böcking
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - J B Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - T Jahnke
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld 22869, Germany
| | - R Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Ph V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
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Krüger P, Weitzel K. Photoelektronen‐Zirkulardichroismus im Photodetachment von Aminosäuren‐Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Krüger
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universität Marburg 35032 Marburg Deutschland
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Krüger P, Weitzel KM. Photoelectron Circular Dichroism in the Photodetachment of Amino Acid Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17861-17865. [PMID: 34137142 PMCID: PMC8457165 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The chirality of chemical compounds is of undisputed importance in science and technology. In particular with respect to pharmacological application most molecules of interest cannot be accessed by the powerful techniques developed in recent years for gas phase analytes. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of electrospray ionization (ESI) with the detection of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) provides access to chirality information applicable to molecular materials with negligible vapor pressure, for example, amino acids. To this end, glutamic acid and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) have been electrosprayed into the source of a chirality spectrometer, where photodetachment is enforced and the PECD is detected. The technique can be expected to be conceptually applicable to all chemical systems with chirality based on molecular properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Krüger
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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