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Abstract
In traditional metals, the temperature (
T
) dependence of electrical resistivity vanishes at low or high
T
, albeit for different reasons. Here, we review a class of materials, known as “strange” metals, that can violate both of these principles. In strange metals, the change in slope of the resistivity as the mean free path drops below the lattice constant, or as
T
→ 0, can be imperceptible, suggesting continuity between the charge carriers at low and high
T
. We focus on transport and spectroscopic data on candidate strange metals in an effort to isolate and identify a unifying physical principle. Special attention is paid to quantum criticality, Planckian dissipation, Mottness, and whether a new gauge principle is needed to account for the nonlocal transport seen in these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip W. Phillips
- Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nigel E. Hussey
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL) and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Abbamonte
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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2
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Davison RA, Gentle SA, Goutéraux B. Impact of irrelevant deformations on thermodynamics and transport in holographic quantum critical states. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.086020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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3
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Naqib SH, Islam RS. Possible quantum critical behavior revealed by the critical current density of hole doped high-T c cuprates in comparison to heavy fermion superconductors. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14856. [PMID: 31619729 PMCID: PMC6795809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The superconducting critical current density, Jc, in hole doped cuprates show strong dependence on the doped hole content, p, within the copper oxide plane(s). The doping dependent Jc mainly exhibits the variation of the intrinsic depairing critical current density as p is varied. Jc(p) tends to peak at p ~ 0.185 in copper oxide superconductors. This particular value of the hole content, often termed as the critical hole concentration, has several features putative to a quantum critical point (QCP). Very recently, the pressure dependences of the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and the critical current (Ic) in pure CeRhIn5 and Sn doped CeRhIn5 heavy fermion compounds have been reported (Nature Communications (2018) 9:44, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-02899-5 ). The critical pressure demarcates an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point where both Tc and Ic are maximized. We have compared and contrasted this behavior with those found for Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ in this brief communication. The resemblance of the systematic behavior of the critical current with pressure and hole content between heavy fermion systems and hole doped cuprates is significant. This adds to the circumstantial evidence that quantum critical physics probably plays a notable role behind the unconventional normal and superconducting state properties of copper oxide superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Naqib
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - R S Islam
- Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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4
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Davison RA, Gentle SA, Goutéraux B. Slow Relaxation and Diffusion in Holographic Quantum Critical Phases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:141601. [PMID: 31702178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.141601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The dissipative dynamics of strongly interacting systems are often characterized by the timescale set by the inverse temperature τ_{P}∼ℏ/(k_{B}T). We show that near a class of strongly interacting quantum critical points that arise in the infrared limit of translationally invariant holographic theories, there is a collective excitation (a quasinormal mode of the dual black hole spacetime) whose lifetime τ_{eq} is parametrically longer than τ_{P}: τ_{eq}≫T^{-1}. The lifetime is enhanced due to its dependence on a dangerously irrelevant coupling that breaks the particle-hole symmetry and the invariance under Lorentz boosts of the quantum critical point. The thermal diffusivity (in units of the butterfly velocity) is anomalously large near the quantum critical point and is governed by τ_{eq} rather than τ_{P}. We conjecture that there exists a long-lived, propagating collective mode with velocity v_{s}, and in this case the relation D=v_{s}^{2}τ_{eq} holds exactly in the limit Tτ_{eq}≫1. While scale invariance is broken, a generalized scaling theory still holds provided that the dependence of observables on the dangerously irrelevant coupling is incorporated. Our work further underlines the connection between dangerously irrelevant deformations and slow equilibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Davison
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A Gentle
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, 3508TD Utrecht, Netherlands and Instituut-Lorentz for Theoretical Physics, Leiden University, 2333CA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Blaise Goutéraux
- Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Giraldo-Gallo P, Galvis JA, Stegen Z, Modic KA, Balakirev FF, Betts JB, Lian X, Moir C, Riggs SC, Wu J, Bollinger AT, He X, Božović I, Ramshaw BJ, McDonald RD, Boebinger GS, Shekhter A. Scale-invariant magnetoresistance in a cuprate superconductor. Science 2018; 361:479-481. [PMID: 30072535 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan3178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The anomalous metallic state in the high-temperature superconducting cuprates is masked by superconductivity near a quantum critical point. Applying high magnetic fields to suppress superconductivity has enabled detailed studies of the normal state, yet the direct effect of strong magnetic fields on the metallic state is poorly understood. We report the high-field magnetoresistance of thin-film La2-x Sr x CuO4 cuprate in the vicinity of the critical doping, 0.161 ≤ p ≤ 0.190. We find that the metallic state exposed by suppressing superconductivity is characterized by magnetoresistance that is linear in magnetic fields up to 80 tesla. The magnitude of the linear-in-field resistivity mirrors the magnitude and doping evolution of the well-known linear-in-temperature resistivity that has been associated with quantum criticality in high-temperature superconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Giraldo-Gallo
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - J A Galvis
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Central, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
| | - Z Stegen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - K A Modic
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - F F Balakirev
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - J B Betts
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - X Lian
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - C Moir
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - S C Riggs
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - J Wu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - A T Bollinger
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - X He
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973, USA.,Applied Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - I Božović
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY 11973, USA.,Applied Physics Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - B J Ramshaw
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.,Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - R D McDonald
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - G S Boebinger
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - A Shekhter
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL), Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
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Ge XH, Tian Y, Wu SY, Wu SF. Hyperscaling violating black hole solutions and magneto-thermoelectric DC conductivities in holography. Int J Clin Exp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.046015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Sato Y, Kawasugi Y, Suda M, Yamamoto HM, Kato R. Critical Behavior in Doping-Driven Metal-Insulator Transition on Single-Crystalline Organic Mott-FET. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:708-714. [PMID: 28038313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the carrier transport properties in the vicinity of a doping-driven Mott transition observed at a field-effect transistor (FET) channel using a single crystal of the typical two-dimensional organic Mott insulator κ-(BEDT-TTF)2CuN(CN)2Cl (κ-Cl). The FET shows a continuous metal-insulator transition (MIT) as electrostatic doping proceeds. The phase transition appears to involve two-step crossovers, one in Hall measurement and the other in conductivity measurement. The crossover in conductivity occurs around the conductance quantum e2/h, and hence is not associated with "bad metal" behavior, which is in stark contrast to the MIT in half-filled organic Mott insulators or that in doped inorganic Mott insulators. Through in-depth scaling analysis of the conductivity, it is found that the above carrier transport properties in the vicinity of the MIT can be described by a high-temperature Mott quantum critical crossover, which is theoretically argued to be a ubiquitous feature of various types of Mott transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masayuki Suda
- RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Research Center for Integrative Molecular System (CIMoS), Institute for Molecular Science , 38 Nishigo-naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi M Yamamoto
- RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Research Center for Integrative Molecular System (CIMoS), Institute for Molecular Science , 38 Nishigo-naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Reizo Kato
- RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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8
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Giraldo-Gallo P, Zhang Y, Parra C, Manoharan H, Beasley M, Geballe T, Kramer M, Fisher I. Stripe-like nanoscale structural phase separation in superconducting BaPb(1-x)Bi(x)O3. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8231. [PMID: 26373890 PMCID: PMC4595596 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase diagram of BaPb(1-x)Bi(x)O3 exhibits a superconducting dome in the proximity of a charge density wave phase. For the superconducting compositions, the material coexists as two structural polymorphs. Here we show, via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, that the structural dimorphism is accommodated in the form of partially disordered nanoscale stripes. Identification of the morphology of the nanoscale structural phase separation enables determination of the associated length scales, which we compare with the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length. We find that the maximum Tc occurs when the superconducting coherence length matches the width of the partially disordered stripes, implying a connection between the structural phase separation and the shape of the superconducting dome.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Giraldo-Gallo
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Y. Zhang
- Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C. Parra
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Departmento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - H.C. Manoharan
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M.R. Beasley
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - T.H. Geballe
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M.J. Kramer
- Ames Laboratory (USDOE), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - I.R. Fisher
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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9
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Blake M, Donos A. Quantum critical transport and the Hall angle in holographic models. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:021601. [PMID: 25635540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.021601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We study the Hall conductivity in holographic models where translational invariance is broken by a lattice. We show that generic holographic theories will display a different temperature dependence in the Hall angle as to the dc conductivity. Our results suggest a general mechanism for obtaining an anomalous scaling of the Hall angle in strongly interacting quantum critical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Blake
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Aristomenis Donos
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
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10
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Imry Y, Strongin M, Homes CC. ns-Tc correlations in granular superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:067003. [PMID: 23006296 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.067003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Following a short discussion of the granular model for an inhomogeneous superconductor, we review the Uemura and Homes correlations and show how both follow in two limits of a simple granular superconductor model. Definite expressions are given for the almost universal coefficients appearing in these relationships in terms of known constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Imry
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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11
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Phillips P. Mottness collapse and T-linear resistivity in cuprate superconductors. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:1574-1598. [PMID: 21422016 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Central to the normal state of cuprate high-temperature superconductors is the collapse of the pseudo-gap, briefly reviewed here, at a critical point and the subsequent onset of the strange metal characterized by a resistivity that scales linearly with temperature. A possible clue to the resolution of this problem is the inter-relation between two facts: (i) a robust theory of T-linear resistivity resulting from quantum criticality requires an additional length scale outside the standard one-parameter scaling scenario and (ii) breaking the Landau correspondence between the Fermi gas and an interacting system with short-range repulsions requires non-fermionic degrees. We show that a low-energy theory of the Hubbard model that correctly incorporates dynamical spectral weight transfer has the extra degrees of freedom needed to describe this physics. The degrees of freedom that mix into the lower band as a result of dynamical spectral weight transfer are shown to either decouple beyond a critical doping, thereby signalling Mottness collapse, or unbind above a critical temperature, yielding strange metal behaviour characterized by T-linear resistivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Phillips
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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12
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Hussey NE, Cooper RA, Xu X, Wang Y, Mouzopoulou I, Vignolle B, Proust C. Dichotomy in the T-linear resistivity in hole-doped cuprates. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2011; 369:1626-1639. [PMID: 21422018 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
From analysis of the in-plane resistivity ρ(ab)(T) of La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4), we show that normal state transport in overdoped cuprates can be delineated into two regimes in which the electrical resistivity varies approximately linearly with temperature. In the low-temperature limit, the T-linear resistivity extends over a very wide doping range, in marked contrast to expectations from conventional quantum critical scenarios. The coefficient of this T-linear resistivity scales with the superconducting transition temperature T(c), implying that the interaction causing this anomalous scattering is also associated with the superconducting pairing mechanism. At high temperatures, the coefficient of the T-linear resistivity is essentially doping independent beyond a critical doping p(crit)=0.19 at which the ratio of the two coefficients is maximal. Taking our cue from earlier thermodynamic and photoemission measurements, we conclude that the opening of the normal-state pseudogap at p(crit) is driven by the loss of coherence of anti-nodal quasi-particles at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Hussey
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK.
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13
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Cooper RA, Wang Y, Vignolle B, Lipscombe OJ, Hayden SM, Tanabe Y, Adachi T, Koike Y, Nohara M, Takagi H, Proust C, Hussey NE. Anomalous criticality in the electrical resistivity of La2-xSrxCuO4. Science 2008; 323:603-7. [PMID: 19074310 DOI: 10.1126/science.1165015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The presence or absence of a quantum critical point and its location in the phase diagram of high-temperature superconductors have been subjects of intense scrutiny. Clear evidence for quantum criticality, particularly in the transport properties, has proved elusive because the important low-temperature region is masked by the onset of superconductivity. We present measurements of the low-temperature in-plane resistivity of several highly doped La2-xSrxCuO4 single crystals in which the superconductivity had been stripped away by using high magnetic fields. In contrast to other quantum critical systems, the resistivity varies linearly with temperature over a wide doping range with a gradient that scales monotonically with the superconducting transition temperature. It is maximal at a critical doping level (pc) approximately 0.19 at which superconductivity is most robust. Moreover, its value at pc corresponds to the onset of quasi-particle incoherence along specific momentum directions, implying that the interaction that first promotes high-temperature superconductivity may ultimately destroy the very quasi-particle states involved in the superconducting pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Cooper
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS81TL, UK
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14
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Choy TP, Phillips P. Doped Mott insulators are insulators: hole localization in the cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:196405. [PMID: 16384004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.196405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a Mott insulator lightly doped with holes is still an insulator at low temperature even without disorder. Hole localization obtains because the chemical potential lies in a pseudogap which has a vanishing density of states at zero temperature. The energy scale for the pseudogap is set by the nearest-neighbor singlet-triplet splitting. As this energy scale vanishes if transitions, virtual or otherwise, to the upper Hubbard band are not permitted, the fundamental length scale in the pseudogap regime is the average distance between doubly occupied sites. Consequently, the pseudogap is tied to the noncommutativity of the two limits U-->infinity (U the on-site Coulomb repulsion) and L -->infinity (the system size).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Pong Choy
- Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 W Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801-3080, USA
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