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Li X, Wang T, Guan C, He J, Zang H, Wang Z, Bi X, Zhang Y, Wang H. Small GTPase PvARFR2 interacts with cytosolic ABA receptor kinase 3 to enhance alkali tolerance in switchgrass. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:1627-1641. [PMID: 39102874 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil alkalization has become a serious problem that limits plant growth through osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, and oxidative stress. Understanding how plants resist alkali stress has practical implications for alkaline-land utilization. In this study, we identified a small GTPase, PvARFR2 (ADP ribosylation factors related 2), that positively regulates alkali tolerance in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and uncovered its potential mode of action. Overexpressing PvARFR2 in switchgrass and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) conferred transformant tolerance to alkali stress, demonstrated by alleviated leaf wilting, less oxidative injury, and a lower Na+/K+ ratio under alkali conditions. Conversely, switchgrass PvARFR2-RNAi and its homolog mutant atgb1 in Arabidopsis displayed alkali sensitives. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that cytosolic abscisic acid (ABA) receptor kinase PvCARK3 transcript levels were higher in PvARFR2 overexpression lines compared to the controls and were strongly induced by alkali treatment in shoots and roots. Phenotyping analysis revealed that PvCARK3-OE × atgb1 lines were sensitive to alkali similar to the Arabidopsis atgb1 mutant, indicating that PvARFR2/AtGB1 functions in the same pathway as PvCARK3 under alkaline stress conditions. Application of ABA on PvARFR2-OE and PvCARK3-OE switchgrass transformants resulted in ABA sensitivity. Moreover, we determined that PvARFR2 physically interacts with PvCARK3 in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that a small GTPase, PvARFR2, positively responds to alkali stress by interacting with the cytosolic ABA receptor kinase PvCARK3, connecting the alkaline stress response to ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong Guan
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Junyi He
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Zang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziyao Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojing Bi
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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2
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Sarrette B, Luu TB, Johansson A, Fliegmann J, Pouzet C, Pichereaux C, Remblière C, Sauviac L, Carles N, Amblard E, Guyot V, Bonhomme M, Cullimore J, Gough C, Jacquet C, Pauly N. Medicago truncatula SOBIR1 controls pathogen immunity and specificity in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39225339 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Medicago truncatula Nod Factor Perception (MtNFP) plays a role in both the Rhizobium-Legume (RL) symbiosis and plant immunity, and evidence suggests that the immune-related function of MtNFP is relevant for symbiosis. To better understand these roles of MtNFP, we sought to identify new interacting partners. We screened a yeast-2-hybrid cDNA library from Aphanomyces euteiches infected and noninfected M. truncatula roots. The M. truncatula leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor-like kinase SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1 (MtSOBIR1) was identified as an interactor of MtNFP and was characterised for kinase activity, and potential roles in symbiosis and plant immunity. We showed that the kinase domain of MtSOBIR1 is active and can transphosphorylate the pseudo-kinase domain of MtNFP. MtSOBIR1 could functionally complement Atsobir1 and Nbsobir1/sobir1-like mutants for defence activation, and Mtsobir1 mutants were defective in immune responses to A. euteiches. For symbiosis, we showed that Mtsobir1 mutant plants had both a strong, early infection defect and defects in the defence suppression in nodules, and both effects were plant genotype- and rhizobial strain-specific. This work highlights a conserved function for MtSOBIR1 in activating defence responses to pathogen attack, and potentially novel symbiotic functions of downregulating defence in association with the control of symbiotic specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Sarrette
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Thi-Bich Luu
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Alexander Johansson
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Judith Fliegmann
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP) - Plant Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cécile Pouzet
- Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions and Biodiversity Research (FR AIB) Imaging and Proteomics platforms, University of Toulouse III, CNRS, Auzeville-Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions and Biodiversity Research (FR AIB) Imaging and Proteomics platforms, University of Toulouse III, CNRS, Auzeville-Tolosan, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Toulouse, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique, ProFI, Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Remblière
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Sauviac
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Noémie Carles
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Emilie Amblard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Valentin Guyot
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Maxime Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Julie Cullimore
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Clare Gough
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Jacquet
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Nicolas Pauly
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions and Environment (LIPME), University Toulouse III, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
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3
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Huang R, Jiang S, Dai M, Shi H, Zhu H, Guo Z. Zinc finger transcription factor MtZPT2-2 negatively regulates salt tolerance in Medicago truncatula. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:564-577. [PMID: 37801609 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are transcription factors involved in multiple cellular functions. We identified a C2H2 type ZFP (MtZPT2-2) in Medicago truncatula and demonstrated that it localizes to the nucleus and inhibits the transcription of 2 genes encoding high-affinity potassium transporters (MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2). MtZPT2-2 transcripts were detected in stem, leaf, flower, seeds and roots, with the highest level in the xylem and phloem of roots and stems. MtZPT2-2 transcription in leaves was reduced after salt stress. Compared with the wild-type (WT), transgenic lines overexpressing MtZPT2-2 had decreased salt tolerance, while MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants showed increased salt tolerance. MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 transcripts and Na+ accumulation in shoots and roots, as well as in the xylem of all genotypes of plants, were increased after salt treatment, with higher levels of MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 transcripts and Na+ accumulation in MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants and lower levels in MtZPT2-2-overexpressing lines compared with the WT. K+ levels showed no significant difference among plant genotypes under salt stress. Moreover, MtZPT2-2 was demonstrated to bind with the promoter of MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 to inhibit their expression. Antioxidant enzyme activities and the gene transcript levels were accordingly upregulated in response to salt, with higher levels in MtZPT2-2-knockout mutants and lower levels in MtZPT2-2-overexpressing lines compared with WT. The results suggest that MtZPT2-2 regulates salt tolerance negatively through downregulating MtHKT1;1 and MtHKT1;2 expression directly to reduce Na+ unloading from the xylem and regulates antioxidant defense indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Huang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shouzhen Jiang
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengtong Dai
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Xu W, Wang Y, Xie J, Tan S, Wang H, Zhao Y, Liu Q, El-Kassaby YA, Zhang D. Growth-regulating factor 15-mediated gene regulatory network enhances salt tolerance in poplar. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:2367-2384. [PMID: 36567515 PMCID: PMC10069893 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an important determinant of crop productivity and triggers salt stress response pathways in plants. The salt stress response is controlled by transcriptional regulatory networks that maintain regulatory homeostasis through combinations of transcription factor (TF)-DNA and TF-TF interactions. We investigated the transcriptome of poplar 84 K (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa) under salt stress using samples collected at 4- or 6-h intervals within 2 days of salt stress treatment. We detected 24,973 differentially expressed genes, including 2,231 TFs that might be responsive to salt stress. To explore these interactions and targets of TFs in perennial woody plants, we combined gene regulatory networks, DNA affinity purification sequencing, yeast two-hybrid-sequencing, and multi-gene association approaches. Growth-regulating factor 15 (PagGRF15) and its target, high-affinity K+ transporter 6 (PagHAK6), were identified as an important regulatory module in the salt stress response. Overexpression of PagGRF15 and PagHAK6 in transgenic lines improved salt tolerance by enhancing Na+ transport and modulating H2O2 accumulation in poplar. Yeast two-hybrid assays identified more than 420 PagGRF15-interacting proteins, including ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR TFs and a zinc finger protein (C2H2) that are produced in response to a variety of phytohormones and environmental signals and are likely involved in abiotic stress. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that PagGRF15 is a multifunctional TF involved in growth, development, and salt stress tolerance, highlighting the capability of a multifaceted approach in identifying regulatory nodes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Tan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Haofei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Forest Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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5
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Sauviac L, Rémy A, Huault E, Dalmasso M, Kazmierczak T, Jardinaud MF, Legrand L, Moreau C, Ruiz B, Cazalé AC, Valière S, Gourion B, Dupont L, Gruber V, Boncompagni E, Meilhoc E, Frendo P, Frugier F, Bruand C. A dual legume-rhizobium transcriptome of symbiotic nodule senescence reveals coordinated plant and bacterial responses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3100-3121. [PMID: 35781677 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Senescence determines plant organ lifespan depending on aging and environmental cues. During the endosymbiotic interaction with rhizobia, legume plants develop a specific organ, the root nodule, which houses nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria. Unlike earlier processes of the legume-rhizobium interaction (nodule formation, N fixation), mechanisms controlling nodule senescence remain poorly understood. To identify nodule senescence-associated genes, we performed a dual plant-bacteria RNA sequencing approach on Medicago truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti nodules having initiated senescence either naturally (aging) or following an environmental trigger (nitrate treatment or salt stress). The resulting data allowed the identification of hundreds of plant and bacterial genes differentially regulated during nodule senescence, thus providing an unprecedented comprehensive resource of new candidate genes associated with this process. Remarkably, several plant and bacterial genes related to the cell cycle and stress responses were regulated in senescent nodules, including the rhizobial RpoE2-dependent general stress response. Analysis of selected core nodule senescence plant genes allowed showing that MtNAC969 and MtS40, both homologous to leaf senescence-associated genes, negatively regulate the transition between N fixation and senescence. In contrast, overexpression of a gene involved in the biosynthesis of cytokinins, well-known negative regulators of leaf senescence, may promote the transition from N fixation to senescence in nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Sauviac
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Antoine Rémy
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Emeline Huault
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay (IPS2), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Théophile Kazmierczak
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay (IPS2), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Jardinaud
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Ludovic Legrand
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Corentin Moreau
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay (IPS2), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bryan Ruiz
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Anne-Claire Cazalé
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Benjamin Gourion
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Véronique Gruber
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay (IPS2), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Eliane Meilhoc
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Pierre Frendo
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, ISA, Nice, France
| | - Florian Frugier
- Institute of Plant Sciences-Paris Saclay (IPS2), Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claude Bruand
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement (LIPME), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, INPT-ENSAT, INSA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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6
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Qiu X, Lu H, Hwang I, Wang T. Tolerant mechanism of model legume plant Medicago truncatula to drought, salt, and cold stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847166. [PMID: 36160994 PMCID: PMC9490062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Legume plants produce one-third of the total yield of primary crops and are important food sources for both humans and animals worldwide. Frequent exposure to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, and cold, greatly limits the production of legume crops. Several morphological, physiological, and molecular studies have been conducted to characterize the response and adaptation mechanism to abiotic stresses. The tolerant mechanisms of the model legume plant Medicago truncatula to abiotic stresses have been extensively studied. Although many potential genes and integrated networks underlying the M. truncatula in responding to abiotic stresses have been identified and described, a comprehensive summary of the tolerant mechanism is lacking. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the adaptive mechanism by which M. truncatula responds to drought, salt, and cold stress. We also discuss future research that need to be explored to improve the abiotic tolerance of legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Hai Lu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang R, Zhang C, Lyu S, Wu H, Yuan M, Fang Z, Li F, Hou X. BcTFIIIA Negatively Regulates Turnip Mosaic Virus Infection through Interaction with Viral CP and VPg Proteins in Pak Choi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071209. [PMID: 35885992 PMCID: PMC9317785 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
TFIIIA is a zinc-finger transcription factor that is involved in post-transcriptional regulation during development. Here, the BcTFIIIA gene was isolated from pak choi. Sequence analysis showed that BcTFIIIA encodes 383 amino acids (aa) with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1152 base pairs (bp). We investigated the subcellular location of BcTFIIIA and found the localized protein in the nucleus. BcTFIIIA was suppressed when the pak choi was infected by the turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). The BcTFIIIA mRNA expression level in a resistant variety was higher than that in a sensitive variety, as determined by qRT-PCR analysis. Yeast two hybrid (Y2H) assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) suggested that BcTFIIIA interacts with TuMV CP and VPg in vivo, respectively, and in vitro. A virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment showed that the silencing of BcTFIIIA gene expression in pak choi promoted the accumulation of TuMV. These results suggest that BcTFIIIA negatively regulates viral infection through the interaction with TuMV CP and VPg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shanwu Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huiyuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengguo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhiyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China; (R.Z.); (C.Z.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (M.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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Chakraborty S, Harris JM. At the Crossroads of Salinity and Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:540-553. [PMID: 35297650 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-21-0231-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legume roots interact with soil bacteria rhizobia to develop nodules, de novo symbiotic root organs that host these rhizobia and are mini factories of atmospheric nitrogen fixation. Nodulation is a sophisticated developmental process and is sensitive to several abiotic factors, salinity being one of them. While salinity influences both the free-living partners, symbiosis is more vulnerable than other aspects of plant and microbe physiology, and the symbiotic interaction is strongly impaired even under moderate salinity. In this review, we tease apart the various known components of rhizobium-legume symbiosis and how they interact with salt stress. We focus primarily on the initial stages of symbiosis since we have a greater mechanistic understanding of the interaction at these stages.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhita Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Jeanne M Harris
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A
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9
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Khan SU, Zheng Y, Chachar Z, Zhang X, Zhou G, Zong N, Leng P, Zhao J. Dissection of Maize Drought Tolerance at the Flowering Stage Using Genome-Wide Association Studies. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040564. [PMID: 35456369 PMCID: PMC9031386 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most critical environmental factors constraining maize production. When it occurs at the flowering stage, serious yield losses are caused, and often, the damage is irretrievable. In this study, anthesis to silk interval (ASI), plant height (PH), and ear biomass at the silking date (EBM) of 279 inbred lines were studied under both water-stress (WS) and well-water (WW) field conditions, for three consecutive years. Averagely, ASI was extended by 25.96%, EBM was decreased by 17.54%, and the PH was reduced by 12.47% under drought stress. Genome-wide association studies were carried out using phenotypic values under WS, WW, and drought-tolerance index (WS-WW or WS/WW) and applying a mixed linear model that controls both population structure and relative kinship. In total, 71, 159, and 21 SNPs, located in 32, 59, and 12 genes, were significantly (P < 10−5) associated with ASI, EBM, and PH, respectively. Only a few overlapped candidate genes were found to be associated with the same drought-related traits under different environments, for example, ARABIDILLO 1, glycoprotein, Tic22-like, and zinc-finger family protein for ASI; 26S proteasome non-ATPase and pyridoxal phosphate transferase for EBM; 11-ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, uncharacterised, Leu-rich repeat protein kinase, and SF16 protein for PH. Furthermore, most candidate genes were revealed to be drought-responsive in an association panel. Meanwhile, the favourable alleles/key variations were identified with a haplotype analysis. These candidate genes and their key variations provide insight into the genetic basis of drought tolerance, especially for the female inflorescence, and will facilitate drought-tolerant maize breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siffat Ullah Khan
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Yanxiao Zheng
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Zaid Chachar
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Xuhuan Zhang
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Guyi Zhou
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Na Zong
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
| | - Pengfei Leng
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jun Zhao
- Crop Functional Genome Research Center, Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (S.U.K.); (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (X.Z.); (G.Z.); (N.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (J.Z.)
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10
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Li A, Liu A, Wu S, Qu K, Hu H, Yang J, Shrestha N, Liu J, Ren G. Comparison of structural variants in the whole genome sequences of two Medicago truncatula ecotypes: Jemalong A17 and R108. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:77. [PMID: 35193491 PMCID: PMC8862580 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural variants (SVs) constitute a large proportion of the genomic variation that results in phenotypic variation in plants. However, they are still a largely unexplored feature in most plant genomes. Here, we present the whole-genome landscape of SVs between two model legume Medicago truncatula ecotypes-Jemalong A17 and R108- that have been extensively used in various legume biology studies. RESULTS To catalogue SVs, we first resolved the previously published R108 genome assembly (R108 v1.0) to chromosome-scale using 124 × Hi-C data, resulting in a high-quality genome assembly. The inter-chromosomal reciprocal translocations between chromosomes 4 and 8 were confirmed by performing syntenic analysis between the two genomes. Combined with the Hi-C data, it appears that these translocation events had a significant effect on chromatin organization. Using both whole-genome and short-read alignments, we identified the genomic landscape of SVs between the two genomes, some of which may account for several phenotypic differences, including their differential responses to aluminum toxicity and iron deficiency, and the development of different anthocyanin leaf markings. We also found extensive SVs within the nodule-specific cysteine-rich gene family which encodes antimicrobial peptides essential for terminal bacteroid differentiation during nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a near-complete R108 genome assembly and the first genomic landscape of SVs obtained by comparing two M. truncatula ecotypes. This may provide valuable genomic resources for the functional and molecular research of legume biology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kunjing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nawal Shrestha
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & State Key Lab of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangpeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Chakraborty S, Driscoll HE, Abrahante JE, Zhang F, Fisher RF, Harris JM. Salt Stress Enhances Early Symbiotic Gene Expression in Medicago truncatula and Induces a Stress-Specific Set of Rhizobium-Responsive Genes. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:904-921. [PMID: 33819071 PMCID: PMC8578154 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-21-0019-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major agricultural concern inhibiting not only plant growth but also the symbiotic association between legume roots and the soil bacteria rhizobia. This symbiotic association is initiated by a molecular dialogue between the two partners, leading to the activation of a signaling cascade in the legume host and, ultimately, the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Here, we show that a moderate salt stress increases the responsiveness of early symbiotic genes in Medicago truncatula to its symbiotic partner, Sinorhizobium meliloti while, conversely, inoculation with S. meliloti counteracts salt-regulated gene expression, restoring one-third to control levels. Our analysis of early nodulin 11 (ENOD11) shows that salt-induced expression is dynamic, Nod-factor dependent, and requires the ionic but not the osmotic component of salt. We demonstrate that salt stimulation of rhizobium-induced gene expression requires NSP2, which functions as a node to integrate the abiotic and biotic signals. In addition, our work reveals that inoculation with S. meliloti succinoglycan mutants also hyperinduces ENOD11 expression in the presence or absence of salt, suggesting a possible link between rhizobial exopolysaccharide and the plant response to salt stress. Finally, we identify an accessory set of genes that are induced by rhizobium only under conditions of salt stress and have not been previously identified as being nodulation-related genes. Our data suggest that interplay of core nodulation genes with different accessory sets, specific for different abiotic conditions, functions to establish the symbiosis. Together, our findings reveal a complex and dynamic interaction between plant, microbe, and environment.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhita Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heather E. Driscoll
- Vermont Biomedical Research Network (VBRN), Department of Biology, Norwich University, Northfield, Vermont 05663, USA
| | - Juan E. Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute (UMII) (CCRB 1-210C), 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vermont Biomedical Research Network (VBRN), Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
- Institute for Translational Research and Department of family medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Robert F. Fisher
- Stanford University, Department of Biology, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305-5020, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Harris
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Corresponding author: Jeanne M. Harris ()
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12
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Molecular evolution and expression analysis of ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) from longan embryogenic callus. Gene 2021; 777:145461. [PMID: 33515723 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation modification considered as a model to study histone post-translational modification in chromatin modification. Despite it was reported in many plants, the study of ARFs gene family in longan was still unclear. In this study, 14 longan ARFs genes were identified using the longan genome (the third-generation genome) and further divided into two major groups, including the DlARF in the I-II group and the ARF-like (DlARL) in the III-V group, according to their structure and evolutionary characteristics. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication events played a major role in the expansion of the DlARFs gene family, the synteny and phylogenetic analyses provided a deeper insight into the evolutionary characteristics of the DlARFs. Protein-protein interactions suggested that some DlARFs proteins may interact to participate in biological processes. Promoter analysis showed more stress response elements in DlARF5, DlGB1, DlARL1, DlARL2, and DlARL8a, suggesting that they may participate in abiotic stress. Expression profiles of DlARFs by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that they were abundant accumulation during early somatic embryogenesis (SE). Expression pattern analysis of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR revealed that some ARFs members regulated early SE, and respond to exogenous hormones and abiotic stress such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin A3 (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), cold, and heat. Our study provides new insights for further research on the potential function of DlARFs, which may be useful for the improvement of longan.
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13
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Das P, Behera BK, Chatterjee S, Das BK, Mohapatra T. De novo transcriptome analysis of halotolerant bacterium Staphylococcus sp. strain P-TSB-70 isolated from East coast of India: In search of salt stress tolerant genes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228199. [PMID: 32040520 PMCID: PMC7010390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we identified salt stress tolerant genes from the marine bacterium Staphylococcus sp. strain P-TSB-70 through transcriptome sequencing. In favour of whole-genome transcriptome profiling of Staphylococcus sp. strain P-TSB-70 (GenBank Accn. No. KP117091) which tolerated upto 20% NaCl stress, the strain was cultured in the laboratory condition with 20% NaCl stress. Transcriptome analyses were performed by SOLiD4.0 sequencing technology from which 10280 and 9612 transcripts for control and treated, respectively, were obtained. The coverage per base (CPB) statistics were analyzed for both the samples. Gene ontology (GO) analysis has been categorized at varied graph levels based on three primary ontology studies viz. cellular components, biological processes, and molecular functions. The KEGG analysis of the assembled transcripts using KAAS showed presumed components of metabolic pathways which perhaps implicated in diverse metabolic pathways responsible for salt tolerance viz. glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism, etc. further involving in salt tolerance. Overall, 90 salt stress tolerant genes were identified as of 186 salt-related transcripts. Several genes have been found executing normally in the TCA cycle pathway, integral membrane proteins, generation of the osmoprotectants, enzymatic pathway associated with salt tolerance. Recognized genes fit diverse groups of salt stress genes viz. abc transporter, betaine, sodium antiporter, sodium symporter, trehalose, ectoine, and choline, that belong to different families of genes involved in the pathway of salt stress. The control sample of the bacterium showed elevated high proportion of transcript contigs (29%) while upto 20% salt stress treated sample of the bacterium showed a higher percentage of transcript contigs (31.28%). A total of 1,288 and 1,133 transcript contigs were measured entirely as novel transcript contigs in both control and treated samples, respectively. The structure and function of 10 significant salt stress tolerant genes of Staphylococcus sp. have been analyzed in this study. The information acquired in the present study possibly used to recognize and clone the salt stress tolerant genes and support in developing the salt stress-tolerant plant varieties to expand the agricultural productivity in the saline system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Das
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biotechnology Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biotechnology Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Soumendranath Chatterjee
- Parasitology and Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- Fishery Resource and Environmental Management Division, Biotechnology Laboratory, ICAR- Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, West Bengal, India
| | - Trilochan Mohapatra
- Secretary, DARE and Director General, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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14
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Zhang R, Chen H, Duan M, Zhu F, Wen J, Dong J, Wang T. Medicago falcata MfSTMIR, an E3 ligase of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, is involved in salt stress response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:680-696. [PMID: 30712282 PMCID: PMC6849540 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on E3 of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) in plants have revealed homologs in yeast and animals. However, it remains unknown whether the plant ERAD system contains a plant-specific E3 ligase. Here, we report that MfSTMIR, which encodes an ER-membrane-localized RING E3 ligase that is highly conserved in leguminous plants, plays essential roles in the response of ER and salt stress in Medicago. MfSTMIR expression was induced by salt and tunicamycin (Tm). mtstmir loss-of-function mutants displayed impaired induction of the ER stress-responsive genes BiP1/2 and BiP3 under Tm treatment and sensitivity to salt stress. MfSTMIR promoted the degradation of a known ERAD substrate, CPY*. MfSTMIR interacted with the ERAD-associated ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme MtUBC32 and Sec61-translocon subunit MtSec61γ. MfSTMIR did not affect MtSec61γ protein stability. Our results suggest that the plant-specific E3 ligase MfSTMIR participates in the ERAD pathway by interacting with MtUBC32 and MtSec61γ to relieve ER stress during salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Crop Research Institute of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural SciencesTianjin300384China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Mei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Fugui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Plant Biology DivisionSamuel Roberts Noble Research InstituteArdmoreOklahoma73401USA
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
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15
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Jha UC, Bohra A, Jha R, Parida SK. Salinity stress response and 'omics' approaches for improving salinity stress tolerance in major grain legumes. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:255-277. [PMID: 30637478 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sustaining yield gains of grain legume crops under growing salt-stressed conditions demands a thorough understanding of plant salinity response and more efficient breeding techniques that effectively integrate modern omics knowledge. Grain legume crops are important to global food security being an affordable source of dietary protein and essential mineral nutrients to human population, especially in the developing countries. The global productivity of grain legume crops is severely challenged by the salinity stress particularly in the face of changing climates coupled with injudicious use of irrigation water and improper agricultural land management. Plants adapt to sustain under salinity-challenged conditions through evoking complex molecular mechanisms. Elucidating the underlying complex mechanisms remains pivotal to our knowledge about plant salinity response. Improving salinity tolerance of plants demand enriching cultivated gene pool of grain legume crops through capitalizing on 'adaptive traits' that contribute to salinity stress tolerance. Here, we review the current progress in understanding the genetic makeup of salinity tolerance and highlight the role of germplasm resources and omics advances in improving salt tolerance of grain legumes. In parallel, scope of next generation phenotyping platforms that efficiently bridge the phenotyping-genotyping gap and latest research advances including epigenetics is also discussed in context to salt stress tolerance. Breeding salt-tolerant cultivars of grain legumes will require an integrated "omics-assisted" approach enabling accelerated improvement of salt-tolerance traits in crop breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chand Jha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Rintu Jha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Swarup Kumar Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, 110067, India
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16
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De Domenico S, Taurino M, Gallo A, Poltronieri P, Pastor V, Flors V, Santino A. Oxylipin dynamics in Medicago truncatula in response to salt and wounding stresses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:198-208. [PMID: 30051613 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple stresses are becoming common challenges in modern agriculture due to environmental changes. A large set of phytochemicals collectively known as oxylipins play a key role in responses to several stresses. Understanding the fine-tuned plant responses to multiple and simultaneous stresses could open new perspectives for developing more tolerant varieties. We carried out the molecular and biochemical profiling of genes, proteins and active compounds involved in oxylipin metabolism in response to single/combined salt and wounding stresses on Medicago truncatula. Two new members belonging to the CYP74 gene family were identified. Gene expression profiling of each of the six CYP74 members indicated a tissue- and time-specific expression pattern for each member in response to single/combined salt and wounding stresses. Notably, hormonal profiling pointed to an attenuated systemic response upon combined salt and leaf wounding stresses. Combined, these results confirm the important role of jasmonates in legume adaptation to abiotic stresses and point to the existence of a complex molecular cross-talk among signals generated by multiple stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania De Domenico
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Marco Taurino
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Antonia Gallo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Palmiro Poltronieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Victoria Pastor
- Department de Ciènces Agràries I del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
| | - Victor Flors
- Department de Ciènces Agràries I del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
| | - Angelo Santino
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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17
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Garmier M, Gentzbittel L, Wen J, Mysore KS, Ratet P. Medicago truncatula: Genetic and Genomic Resources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2:318-349. [PMID: 33383982 DOI: 10.1002/cppb.20058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Medicago truncatula was chosen by the legume community, along with Lotus japonicus, as a model plant to study legume biology. Since then, numerous resources and tools have been developed for M. truncatula. These include, for example, its genome sequence, core ecotype collections, transformation/regeneration methods, extensive mutant collections, and a gene expression atlas. This review aims to describe the different genetic and genomic tools and resources currently available for M. truncatula. We also describe how these resources were generated and provide all the information necessary to access these resources and use them from a practical point of view. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Garmier
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay, France
| | - Laurent Gentzbittel
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | - Pascal Ratet
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay, France
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18
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Luo SS, Sun YN, Zhou X, Zhu T, Zhu LS, Arfan M, Zou LJ, Lin HH. Medicago truncatula genotypes Jemalong A17 and R108 show contrasting variations under drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:190-198. [PMID: 27721134 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that restrict crop productivity. Medicago truncatula is a model legume species with a wide genetic diversity. We compared the differential physiological and molecular changes of two genotypes of M. truncatula (Jemalong A17 and R108) in response to progressive drought stress and rewatering. The MtNCED and MtZEP activation and higher abscisic acid (ABA) content was observed in Jemalong A17 plants under normal conditions. Additionally, a greater increase in ABA content and expression of MtNCED and MtZEP in Jemalong A17 plants than that of R108 plants were observed under drought conditions. A more ABA-sensitive stomatal closure and a slower water loss was found in excised leaves of Jemalong A17 plants. Meanwhile, Jemalong A17 plants alleviated leaf wilting and maintained higher relative water content under drought conditions. Exposed to drought stress, Jemalong A17 plants exhibited milder oxidative damage which has less H2O2 and MDA accumulation, lower electrolyte leakage and higher chlorophyll content and PSII activity. Furthermore, Jemalong A17 plants enhanced expression of stress-upregulated genes under drought conditions. These results suggest that genotypes Jemalong A17 and R108 differed in their response and adaptation to drought stress. Given the relationship between ABA and these physiological responses, the MtNCED and MtZEP activation under normal conditions may play an important role in regulation of greater tolerance of Jemalong A17 plants to drought stress. The activation of MtNCED and MtZEP may lead to the increase of ABA content which may activate expression of drought-stress-regulated genes and cause a series of physiological resistant responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Shuai Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yan-Ni Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li-Sha Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Muhammad Arfan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li-Juan Zou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China; Life Science and Technology College and Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Hong-Hui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Zhang Z, Hu X, Zhang Y, Miao Z, Xie C, Meng X, Deng J, Wen J, Mysore KS, Frugier F, Wang T, Dong J. Opposing Control by Transcription Factors MYB61 and MYB3 Increases Freezing Tolerance by Relieving C-Repeat Binding Factor Suppression. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:1306-1323. [PMID: 27578551 PMCID: PMC5047070 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold acclimation is an important process by which plants respond to low temperature and enhance their winter hardiness. C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (CBF1), CBF2, and CBF3 genes were shown previously to participate in cold acclimation in Medicago truncatula In addition, MtCBF4 is transcriptionally induced by salt, drought, and cold stresses. We show here that MtCBF4, shown previously to enhance drought and salt tolerance, also positively regulates cold acclimation and freezing tolerance. To identify molecular factors acting upstream and downstream of the MtCBF4 transcription factor (TF) in cold responses, we first identified genes that are differentially regulated upon MtCBF4 overexpression using RNAseq Digital Gene Expression Profiling. Among these, we showed that MtCBF4 directly activates the transcription of the COLD ACCLIMATION SPECIFIC15 (MtCAS15) gene. To gain insights into how MtCBF4 is transcriptionally regulated in response to cold, an R2R3-MYB TF, MtMYB3, was identified based on a yeast one-hybrid screen as binding directly to MYB cis-elements in the MtCBF4 promoter, leading to the inhibition of MtCBF4 expression. In addition, another MYB TF, MtMYB61, identified as an interactor of MtMYB3, can relieve the inhibitory effect of MtMYB3 on MtCBF4 transcription. This study, therefore, supports a model describing how MtCBF4 is regulated by antagonistic MtMYB3/MtMYB61 TFs, leading to the up-regulation of downstream targets such as MtCAS15 acting in cold acclimation in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Xiaona Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Yunqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Zhenyan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Can Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Xiangzhao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Florian Frugier
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
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20
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Muthamilarasan M, Mangu VR, Zandkarimi H, Prasad M, Baisakh N. Structure, organization and evolution of ADP-ribosylation factors in rice and foxtail millet, and their expression in rice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24008. [PMID: 27097755 PMCID: PMC4838888 DOI: 10.1038/srep24008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) have been reported to function in diverse physiological and molecular activities. Recent evidences also demonstrate the involvement of ARFs in conferring tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses in plant species. In the present study, 23 and 25 ARF proteins were identified in C3 model- rice and C4 model- foxtail millet, respectively. These proteins are classified into four classes (I-IV) based on phylogenetic analysis, with ARFs in classes I-III and ARF-like proteins (ARLs) in class IV. Sequence alignment and domain analysis revealed the presence of conserved and additional motifs, which may contribute to neo- and sub-functionalization of these proteins. Promoter analysis showed the presence of several cis-regulatory elements related to stress and hormone response, indicating their role in stress regulatory network. Expression analysis of rice ARFs and ARLs in different tissues, stresses and abscisic acid treatment highlighted temporal and spatial diversification of gene expression. Five rice cultivars screened for allelic variations in OsARF genes showed the presence of allelic polymorphisms in few gene loci. Altogether, the study provides insights on characteristics of ARF/ARL genes in rice and foxtail millet, which could be deployed for further functional analysis to extrapolate their precise roles in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Venkata R. Mangu
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Hana Zandkarimi
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Baisakh
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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21
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Quan W, Liu X, Wang H, Chan Z. Comparative Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses of Two Contrasting Drought Tolerant Alfalfa Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1256. [PMID: 26793226 PMCID: PMC4709457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of major environmental determinants of plant growth and productivity. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a legume perennial forage crop native to the arid and semi-arid environment, which is an ideal candidate to study the biochemical and molecular mechanisms conferring drought resistance in plants. In this study, drought stress responses of two alfalfa varieties, Longdong and Algonquin, were comparatively assayed at the physiological, morphological, and transcriptional levels. Under control condition, the drought-tolerant Longdong with smaller leaf size and lower stomata density showed less water loss than the drought-sensitive Algonquin. After exposing to drought stress, Longdong showed less severe cell membrane damage, more proline, and ascorbate (ASC) contents and less accumulation of H2O2 than Algonquin. Moreover, significantly higher antioxidant enzymes activities after drought treatment were found in Longdong when compared with Algonquin. In addition, transcriptional expression analysis showed that Longdong exhibited significantly higher transcripts of drought-responsive genes in leaf and root under drought stress condition. Taken together, these results indicated that Longdong variety was more drought-tolerant than Algonquin variety as evidenced by less leaf firing, more lateral root number, higher relative aboveground/underground biomass per plant and survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Quan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Haiqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology – Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
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22
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Kang Y, Li M, Sinharoy S, Verdier J. A Snapshot of Functional Genetic Studies in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1175. [PMID: 27555857 PMCID: PMC4977297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the current context of food security, increase of plant protein production in a sustainable manner represents one of the major challenges of agronomic research, which could be partially resolved by increased cultivation of legume crops. Medicago truncatula is now a well-established model for legume genomic and genetic studies. With the establishment of genomics tools and mutant populations in M. truncatula, it has become an important resource to answer some of the basic biological questions related to plant development and stress tolerance. This review has an objective to overview a decade of genetic studies in this model plant from generation of mutant populations to nowadays. To date, the three biological fields, which have been extensively studied in M. truncatula, are the symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the seed development, and the abiotic stress tolerance, due to their significant agronomic impacts. In this review, we summarize functional genetic studies related to these three major biological fields. We integrated analyses of a nearly exhaustive list of genes into their biological contexts in order to provide an overview of the forefront research advances in this important legume model plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kang
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmore, OK, USA
| | - Minguye Li
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Senjuti Sinharoy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of CalcuttaCalcutta, India
| | - Jerome Verdier
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jerome Verdier
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23
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Zhang D, Tong J, Xu Z, Wei P, Xu L, Wan Q, Huang Y, He X, Yang J, Shao H, Ma H. Soybean C2H2-Type Zinc Finger Protein GmZFP3 with Conserved QALGGH Motif Negatively Regulates Drought Responses in Transgenic Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:325. [PMID: 27047508 PMCID: PMC4796006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to environmental stresses is regulated by a complicated network of regulatory and functional genes. In this study, we isolated the putative stress-associated gene GmZFP3 (a C2H2-type Zinc finger protein gene) based on the previous finding that it was one of two genes located in the QTL region between the Satt590 and Satt567 markers related to soybean tolerance to drought. Temporal and spatial expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR indicated that GmZFP3 was primarily expressed in roots, stems and leaf organs and was expressed at low levels in flowers and soybean pods. Moreover, GmZFP3 expression increased in response to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. In addition, subcellular localization analysis indicated that GmZFP3 was ubiquitously distributed in plant cells. Transgenic experiments indicated that GmZFP3 played a negative role in plant tolerance to drought. Analysis of ABA-related marker gene expression in Arabidopsis suggested that GmZFP3 might be involved in the ABA-dependent pathway during the drought stress response. Taken together, these results suggest that soybean GmZFP3 negatively regulates the drought response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dayong Zhang
| | - Jinfeng Tong
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Zhaolong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Peipei Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Qun Wan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Yihong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
| | - Jiayin Yang
- Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in JiangsuHuai'an, China
| | - Hongbo Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai, China
- Hongbo Shao
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing, China
- Hongxiang Ma
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The F-box family genes as key elements in response to salt, heavy mental, and drought stresses in Medicago truncatula. Funct Integr Genomics 2015; 15:495-507. [PMID: 25877816 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-015-0438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
F-box protein is a subunit of Skp1-Rbx1-Cul1-F-box protein (SCF) complex with typically conserved F-box motifs of approximately 40 amino acids and is one of the largest protein families in eukaryotes. F-box proteins play critical roles in selective and specific protein degradation through the 26S proteasome. In this study, we bioinformatically identified 972 putative F-box proteins from Medicago truncatula genome. Our analysis showed that in addition to the conserved motif, the F-box proteins have several other functional domains in their C-terminal regions (e.g., LRRs, Kelch, FBA, and PP2), some of which were found to be M. truncatula species-specific. By phylogenetic analysis of the F-box motifs, these proteins can be classified into three major families, and each family can be further grouped into more subgroups. Analysis of the genomic distribution of F-box genes on M. truncatula chromosomes revealed that the evolutional expansion of F-box genes in M. truncatula was probably due to localized gene duplications. To investigate the possible response of the F-box genes to abiotic stresses, both publicly available and customer-prepared microarrays were analyzed. Most of the F-box protein genes can be responding to salt and heavy metal stresses. Real-time PCR analysis confirmed that some of the F-box protein genes containing heat, drought, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid responsive cis-elements were able to respond to the abiotic stresses.
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25
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Laffont C, Rey T, André O, Novero M, Kazmierczak T, Debellé F, Bonfante P, Jacquet C, Frugier F. The CRE1 cytokinin pathway is differentially recruited depending on Medicago truncatula root environments and negatively regulates resistance to a pathogen. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116819. [PMID: 25562779 PMCID: PMC4285552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins are phytohormones that regulate many developmental and environmental responses. The Medicago truncatula cytokinin receptor MtCRE1 (Cytokinin Response 1) is required for the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia. As several cytokinin signaling genes are modulated in roots depending on different biotic and abiotic conditions, we assessed potential involvement of this pathway in various root environmental responses. Phenotyping of cre1 mutant roots infected by the Gigaspora margarita arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiotic fungus, the Aphanomyces euteiches root oomycete, or subjected to an abiotic stress (salt), were carried out. Detailed histological analysis and quantification of cre1 mycorrhized roots did not reveal any detrimental phenotype, suggesting that MtCRE1 does not belong to the ancestral common symbiotic pathway shared by rhizobial and AM symbioses. cre1 mutants formed an increased number of emerged lateral roots compared to wild-type plants, a phenotype which was also observed under non-stressed conditions. In response to A. euteiches, cre1 mutants showed reduced disease symptoms and an increased plant survival rate, correlated to an enhanced formation of lateral roots, a feature previously linked to Aphanomyces resistance. Overall, we showed that the cytokinin CRE1 pathway is not only required for symbiotic nodule organogenesis but also affects both root development and resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Laffont
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Thomas Rey
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Olivier André
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mara Novero
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Théophile Kazmierczak
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Debellé
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Christophe Jacquet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florian Frugier
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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26
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Identification and expression analysis of the E2F/DP genes under salt stress in Medicago truncatula. Genes Genomics 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-014-0218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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27
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Kurchak ON, Provorov NA, Onishchuk OP, Vorobyov NI, Roumiantseva ML, Simarov BV. Influence of salt stress on the genetically polymorphic system of Sinorhizobium meliloti-Medicago truncatula. RUSS J GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795414060064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang TZ, Tian QY, Wang BL, Zhao MG, Zhang WH. Genome variations account for different response to three mineral elements between Medicago truncatula ecotypes Jemalong A17 and R108. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:122. [PMID: 24885873 PMCID: PMC4031900 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resequencing can be used to identify genome variations underpinning many morphological and physiological phenotypes. Legume model plant Medicago truncatula ecotypes Jemalong A17 (J. A17) and R108 differ in their responses to mineral toxicity of aluminum and sodium, and mineral deficiency of iron in growth medium. The difference may result from their genome variations, but no experimental evidence supports this hypothesis. RESULTS A total of 12,750 structure variations, 135,045 short insertions/deletions and 764,154 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by resequencing the genome of R108. The suppressed expression of MtAACT that encodes a putative aluminum-induced citrate efflux transporter by deletion of partial sequence of the second intron may account for the less aluminum-induced citrate exudation and greater accumulation of aluminum in roots of R108 than in roots of J. A17, thus rendering R108 more sensitive to aluminum toxicity. The higher expression-level of MtZpt2-1 encoding a TFIIIA-related transcription factor in J. A17 than R108 under conditions of salt stress can be explained by the greater number of stress-responsive elements in its promoter sequence, thus conferring J. A17 more tolerant to salt stress than R108 plants by activating the expression of downstream stress-responsive genes. YSLs (Yellow Stripe-Likes) are involved in long-distance transport of iron in plants. We found that an YSL gene was deleted in the genome of R108 plants, thus rendering R108 less tolerance to iron deficiency than J. A17 plants. CONCLUSIONS The deletion or change in several genes may account for the different responses of M. truncatula ecotypes J. A17 and R108 to mineral toxicity of aluminum and sodium as well as iron deficiency. Uncovering genome variations by resequencing is an effective method to identify different traits between species/ecotypes that are genetically related. These findings demonstrate that analyses of genome variations by resequencing can shed important light on differences in responses of M. truncatula ecotypes to abiotic stress in general and mineral stress in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Zuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Min-Gui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
- Research Network of Global Change Biology, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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Li G, Wang B, Tian Q, Wang T, Zhang WH. Medicago truncatula ecotypes A17 and R108 differed in their response to iron deficiency. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:639-647. [PMID: 24709157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Medicago truncatula Gaertn is a model legume species with a wide genetic diversity. To evaluate the responses of the two M. truncatula ecotypes, the effect of Fe deficiency on ecotype A17 and ecotype R108, which have been widely used in physiological and molecular studies, was investigated. A greater reduction in shoot Fe concentration of R108 plants than that of A17 plants was observed under Fe-deficient conditions. Exposure to Fe-deficient medium led to a greater increase in ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity in roots of A17 than those of R108 plants, while expression of genes encoding FCR in roots of A17 and R108 plants was similarly up-regulated by Fe deficiency. Exposure of A17 plants to Fe-deficient medium evoked an ethylene evolution from roots, while the same treatment had no effect on ethylene evolution from R108 roots. There was a significant increase in expression of MtIRT encoding a Fe transporter in A17, but not in R108 plants, upon exposure to Fe-deficient medium. Transcripts of MtFRD3 that is responsible for loading of iron chelator citrate into xylem were up-regulated by Fe deficiency in A17, but not in R108 plants. These results suggest that M. truncatula ecotypes A17 and R108 differed in their response and adaptation to Fe deficiency, and that ethylene may play an important role in regulation of greater tolerance of A17 plant to Fe deficiency. These findings provide important clues for further elucidation of molecular mechanism by which legume plants respond and adapt to low soil Fe availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Baolan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Qiuying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; Research Network of Global Change Biology, Beijing Institutes of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zahaf O, Blanchet S, de Zélicourt A, Alunni B, Plet J, Laffont C, de Lorenzo L, Imbeaud S, Ichanté JL, Diet A, Badri M, Zabalza A, González EM, Delacroix H, Gruber V, Frugier F, Crespi M. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of salt adaptation in roots of contrasting Medicago truncatula genotypes. MOLECULAR PLANT 2012; 5:1068-81. [PMID: 22419822 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sss009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary diversity can be driven by the interaction of plants with different environments. Molecular bases involved in ecological adaptations to abiotic constraints can be explored using genomic tools. Legumes are major crops worldwide and soil salinity is a main stress affecting yield in these plants. We analyzed in the Medicago truncatula legume the root transcriptome of two genotypes having contrasting responses to salt stress: TN1.11, sampled in a salty Tunisian soil, and the reference Jemalong A17 genotype. TN1.11 plants show increased root growth under salt stress as well as a differential accumulation of sodium ions when compared to A17. Transcriptomic analysis revealed specific gene clusters preferentially regulated by salt in root apices of TN1.11, notably those related to the auxin pathway and to changes in histone variant isoforms. Many genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) were also differentially regulated between the two genotypes in response to salt. Among those selected for functional studies, overexpression in roots of the A17 genotype of the bHLH-type TF most differentially regulated between genotypes improved significantly root growth under salt stress. Despite the global complexity of the differential transcriptional responses, we propose that an increase in this bHLH TF expression may be linked to the adaptation of M. truncatula to saline soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ons Zahaf
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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de Zélicourt A, Diet A, Marion J, Laffont C, Ariel F, Moison M, Zahaf O, Crespi M, Gruber V, Frugier F. Dual involvement of a Medicago truncatula NAC transcription factor in root abiotic stress response and symbiotic nodule senescence. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 70:220-30. [PMID: 22098255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04859.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Legume crops related to the model plant Medicago truncatula can adapt their root architecture to environmental conditions, both by branching and by establishing a symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria to form nitrogen-fixing nodules. Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting plant yield and root growth. Previous transcriptomic analyses identified several transcription factors linked to the M. truncatula response to salt stress in roots, including NAC (NAM/ATAF/CUC)-encoding genes. Over-expression of one of these transcription factors, MtNAC969, induced formation of a shorter and less-branched root system, whereas RNAi-mediated MtNAC969 inactivation promoted lateral root formation. The altered root system of over-expressing plants was able to maintain its growth under high salinity, and roots in which MtNAC969 was down-regulated showed improved growth under salt stress. Accordingly, expression of salt stress markers was decreased or induced in MtNAC969 over-expressing or RNAi roots, respectively, suggesting a repressive function for this transcription factor in the salt-stress response. Expression of MtNAC969 in central symbiotic nodule tissues was induced by nitrate treatment, and antagonistically affected by salt in roots and nodules, similarly to senescence markers. MtNAC969 RNAi nodules accumulated amyloplasts in the nitrogen-fixing zone, and were prematurely senescent. Therefore, the MtNAC969 transcription factor, which is differentially affected by environmental cues in root and nodules, participates in several pathways controlling adaptation of the M. truncatula root system to the environment.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- In Situ Hybridization
- Medicago truncatula/genetics
- Medicago truncatula/growth & development
- Medicago truncatula/microbiology
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology
- Plant Proteins/classification
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plant Roots/genetics
- Plant Roots/growth & development
- Plant Roots/microbiology
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- RNA Interference
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Root Nodules, Plant/genetics
- Root Nodules, Plant/microbiology
- Root Nodules, Plant/ultrastructure
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sinorhizobium meliloti/physiology
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Stress, Physiological
- Symbiosis
- Transcription Factors/classification
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel de Zélicourt
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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Zhou ZS, Zeng HQ, Liu ZP, Yang ZM. Genome-wide identification of Medicago truncatula microRNAs and their targets reveals their differential regulation by heavy metal. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2012; 35:86-99. [PMID: 21895696 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We adopted a deep sequencing approach developed by Solexa (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) to investigate global expression and complexity of microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets from Medicago truncatula. Two small RNA libraries and two degradome libraries were constructed from mercury (Hg)-treated and Hg-free M. truncatula seedlings. For miRNAs, each library generated 18.5-18.6 million short sequences, resulting in 10.2-10.8 million clean reads. At least 52 new miRNA candidates with ≈ 21 nucleotides are perfectly matched to the M. truncatula genome. Statistical analysis on transcript abundance of the new candidate miRNAs revealed that most of them were differentially regulated by the heavy metal mercury Hg(II), with 12 miRNAs being specifically induced by Hg exposure. Additionally, we identified 201 individual miRNAs representing 63 known M. truncatula miRNA families, including 12 new conserved and one non-conserved miRNAs that have not been described before. Finally, 130 targets for 58 known (37 conserved and 21 non-conserved) miRNA families and 37 targets for 18 new M. truncatula-specific candidate miRNA families were identified by high-throughput degradome sequencing approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Sheng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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33
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Arraouadi S, Badri M, Abdelly C, Huguet T, Aouani ME. QTL mapping of physiological traits associated with salt tolerance in Medicago truncatula Recombinant Inbred Lines. Genomics 2011; 99:118-25. [PMID: 22178264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, QTL mapping of physiological traits in the model Legume (Medicago truncatula) was performed using a set of RILs derived from LR5. Twelve parameters associated with Na+ and K+ content in leaves, stems and roots were measured. Broad-sense heritability of these traits was ranged from 0.15 to 0.83 in control and from 0.14 to 0.61 in salt stress. Variation among RILs was dependent on line, treatment and line by treatment effect. We mapped 6 QTLs in control, 2 in salt stress and 5 for sensitivity index. No major QTL was identified indicating that tolerance to salt stress is governed by several genes with low effects. Detected QTL for leaf, stem and root traits did not share the same map locations, suggesting that genes controlling transport of Na+ and K+ may be different. The maximum of QTL was observed on chromosome 1, no QTL was detected on chromosomes 5 and 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Arraouadi
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, 2050 Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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Jamil A, Riaz S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR. Gene Expression Profiling of Plants under Salt Stress. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2011; 30:435-458. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2011.605739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
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Molina C, Zaman-Allah M, Khan F, Fatnassi N, Horres R, Rotter B, Steinhauer D, Amenc L, Drevon JJ, Winter P, Kahl G. The salt-responsive transcriptome of chickpea roots and nodules via deepSuperSAGE. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 11:31. [PMID: 21320317 PMCID: PMC3045889 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-11-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of high-throughput transcript profiling and next-generation sequencing technologies is a prerequisite for genome-wide comprehensive transcriptome analysis. Our recent innovation of deepSuperSAGE is based on an advanced SuperSAGE protocol and its combination with massively parallel pyrosequencing on Roche's 454 sequencing platform. As a demonstration of the power of this combination, we have chosen the salt stress transcriptomes of roots and nodules of the third most important legume crop chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). While our report is more technology-oriented, it nevertheless addresses a major world-wide problem for crops generally: high salinity. Together with low temperatures and water stress, high salinity is responsible for crop losses of millions of tons of various legume (and other) crops. Continuously deteriorating environmental conditions will combine with salinity stress to further compromise crop yields. As a good example for such stress-exposed crop plants, we started to characterize salt stress responses of chickpeas on the transcriptome level. RESULTS We used deepSuperSAGE to detect early global transcriptome changes in salt-stressed chickpea. The salt stress responses of 86,919 transcripts representing 17,918 unique 26 bp deepSuperSAGE tags (UniTags) from roots of the salt-tolerant variety INRAT-93 two hours after treatment with 25 mM NaCl were characterized. Additionally, the expression of 57,281 transcripts representing 13,115 UniTags was monitored in nodules of the same plants. From a total of 144,200 analyzed 26 bp tags in roots and nodules together, 21,401 unique transcripts were identified. Of these, only 363 and 106 specific transcripts, respectively, were commonly up- or down-regulated (>3.0-fold) under salt stress in both organs, witnessing a differential organ-specific response to stress.Profiting from recent pioneer works on massive cDNA sequencing in chickpea, more than 9,400 UniTags were able to be linked to UniProt entries. Additionally, gene ontology (GO) categories over-representation analysis enabled to filter out enriched biological processes among the differentially expressed UniTags. Subsequently, the gathered information was further cross-checked with stress-related pathways. From several filtered pathways, here we focus exemplarily on transcripts associated with the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as on transcripts involved in Na+ homeostasis. Although both processes are already very well characterized in other plants, the information generated in the present work is of high value. Information on expression profiles and sequence similarity for several hundreds of transcripts of potential interest is now available. CONCLUSIONS This report demonstrates, that the combination of the high-throughput transcriptome profiling technology SuperSAGE with one of the next-generation sequencing platforms allows deep insights into the first molecular reactions of a plant exposed to salinity. Cross validation with recent reports enriched the information about the salt stress dynamics of more than 9,000 chickpea ESTs, and enlarged their pool of alternative transcripts isoforms. As an example for the high resolution of the employed technology that we coin deepSuperSAGE, we demonstrate that ROS-scavenging and -generating pathways undergo strong global transcriptome changes in chickpea roots and nodules already 2 hours after onset of moderate salt stress (25 mM NaCl). Additionally, a set of more than 15 candidate transcripts are proposed to be potential components of the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway in chickpea. Newly identified transcript isoforms are potential targets for breeding novel cultivars with high salinity tolerance. We demonstrate that these targets can be integrated into breeding schemes by micro-arrays and RT-PCR assays downstream of the generation of 26 bp tags by SuperSAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Molina
- Molecular BioSciences, Biocenter, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Unité de Recherche en Légumineuses, INRA-URLEG, 17 Rue Sully, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - Faheema Khan
- Molecular BioSciences, Biocenter, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nadia Fatnassi
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008-Granada, Spain
| | - Ralf Horres
- Molecular BioSciences, Biocenter, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Björn Rotter
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Innovation Center FIZ Biotechnology, Altendörferallee 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Diana Steinhauer
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Innovation Center FIZ Biotechnology, Altendörferallee 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Laurie Amenc
- Soil Symbiosis and Environment, INRA, 1 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier-Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Drevon
- Soil Symbiosis and Environment, INRA, 1 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier-Cedex, France
| | - Peter Winter
- GenXPro GmbH, Frankfurt Innovation Center FIZ Biotechnology, Altendörferallee 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Günter Kahl
- Molecular BioSciences, Biocenter, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Hellmann E, Gruhn N, Heyl A. The more, the merrier: cytokinin signaling beyond Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2010; 5:1384-90. [PMID: 21045560 PMCID: PMC3115238 DOI: 10.4161/psb.5.11.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone cytokinin is a key player in many developmental processes and in the response of plants to biotic and abiotic stress. The cytokinin signal is perceived and transduced via a multistep variant of the bacterial two-component signaling system. Most of the research on cytokinin signaling has been done in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Research on cytokinin signaling has expanded to a much broader range of plants species in recent years. This is due to the natural limitation of Arabidopsis as a model species for the investigation of processes like nodulation or wood formation. The rapidly increasing number of sequenced plant genomes also facilitates the use of other species in this line of research. This review summarizes what is known about the cytokinin signaling in the different organisms and highlights differences to Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hellmann
- Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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37
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Li D, Su Z, Dong J, Wang T. An expression database for roots of the model legume Medicago truncatula under salt stress. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:517. [PMID: 19906315 PMCID: PMC2779821 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicago truncatula is a model legume whose genome is currently being sequenced by an international consortium. Abiotic stresses such as salt stress limit plant growth and crop productivity, including those of legumes. We anticipate that studies on M. truncatula will shed light on other economically important legumes across the world. Here, we report the development of a database called MtED that contains gene expression profiles of the roots of M. truncatula based on time-course salt stress experiments using the Affymetrix Medicago GeneChip. Our hope is that MtED will provide information to assist in improving abiotic stress resistance in legumes. DESCRIPTION The results of our microarray experiment with roots of M. truncatula under 180 mM sodium chloride were deposited in the MtED database. Additionally, sequence and annotation information regarding microarray probe sets were included. MtED provides functional category analysis based on Gene and GeneBins Ontology, and other Web-based tools for querying and retrieving query results, browsing pathways and transcription factor families, showing metabolic maps, and comparing and visualizing expression profiles. Utilities like mapping probe sets to genome of M. truncatula and In-Silico PCR were implemented by BLAT software suite, which were also available through MtED database. CONCLUSION MtED was built in the PHP script language and as a MySQL relational database system on a Linux server. It has an integrated Web interface, which facilitates ready examination and interpretation of the results of microarray experiments. It is intended to help in selecting gene markers to improve abiotic stress resistance in legumes. MtED is available at http://bioinformatics.cau.edu.cn/MtED/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Zhen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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Cloning and characterization of a functional flavanone-3ß-hydroxylase gene from Medicago truncatula. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:3283-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Libault M, Joshi T, Benedito VA, Xu D, Udvardi MK, Stacey G. Legume transcription factor genes: what makes legumes so special? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 151:991-1001. [PMID: 19726573 PMCID: PMC2773095 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.144105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
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40
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Huang XY, Chao DY, Gao JP, Zhu MZ, Shi M, Lin HX. A previously unknown zinc finger protein, DST, regulates drought and salt tolerance in rice via stomatal aperture control. Genes Dev 2009; 23:1805-17. [PMID: 19651988 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1812409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, lead to crop growth damage and a decrease in crop yields. Stomata control CO(2) uptake and optimize water use efficiency, thereby playing crucial roles in abiotic stress tolerance. Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is an important signal molecule that induces stomatal closure. However, the molecular pathway that regulates the H(2)O(2) level in guard cells remains largely unknown. Here, we clone and characterize DST (drought and salt tolerance)-a previously unknown zinc finger transcription factor that negatively regulates stomatal closure by direct modulation of genes related to H(2)O(2) homeostasis-and identify a novel pathway for the signal transduction of DST-mediated H(2)O(2)-induced stomatal closure. Loss of DST function increases stomatal closure and reduces stomatal density, consequently resulting in enhanced drought and salt tolerance in rice. These findings provide an interesting insight into the mechanism of stomata-regulated abiotic stress tolerance, and an important genetic engineering approach for improving abiotic stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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de Lorenzo L, Merchan F, Laporte P, Thompson R, Clarke J, Sousa C, Crespi M. A novel plant leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase regulates the response of Medicago truncatula roots to salt stress. THE PLANT CELL 2009; 21:668-80. [PMID: 19244136 PMCID: PMC2660638 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.108.059576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, a diverse group of cell surface receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) plays a fundamental role in sensing external signals to regulate gene expression. Roots explore the soil environment to optimize their growth via complex signaling cascades, mainly analyzed in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, legume roots have significant physiological differences, notably their capacity to establish symbiotic interactions. These major agricultural crops are affected by environmental stresses such as salinity. Here, we report the identification of a leucine-rich repeat RLK gene, Srlk, from the legume Medicago truncatula. Srlk is rapidly induced by salt stress in roots, and RNA interference (RNAi) assays specifically targeting Srlk yielded transgenic roots whose growth was less inhibited by the presence of salt in the medium. Promoter-beta-glucuronidase fusions indicate that this gene is expressed in epidermal root tissues in response to salt stress. Two Srlk-TILLING mutants also failed to limit root growth in response to salt stress and accumulated fewer sodium ions than controls. Furthermore, early salt-regulated genes are downregulated in Srlk-RNAi roots and in the TILLING mutant lines when submitted to salt stress. We propose a role for Srlk in the regulation of the adaptation of M. truncatula roots to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura de Lorenzo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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