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Li X, Liu H, He F, Li M, Zi Y, Long R, Zhao G, Zhu L, Hong L, Wang S, Kang J, Yang Q, Lin C. Multi-omics integrative analysis provided new insights into alkaline stress in alfalfa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109048. [PMID: 39159534 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic stresses that limits plant growth. Salt stress has been widely studied, but alkaline salt degradation caused by NaHCO3 has rarely been investigated. In the present study, the alfalfa cultivar 'Zhongmu No. 1' was treated with 50 mM NaHCO3 (0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h) to study the resulting enzyme activity and changes in mRNA, miRNA and metabolites in the roots. The results showed that the enzyme activity changed significantly after alkali stress treatment. The genomic analysis revealed 14,970 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), 53 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMis), and 463 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). Combined analysis of DEMs and DEMis revealed that 21 DEMis negatively regulated 42 DEMs. In addition, when combined with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEMs and DAMs, we found that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction played important roles in the alkali stress response. The results of this study further elucidated the regulatory mechanism underlying the plant response to alkali stress and provided valuable information for the breeding of new saline-alkaline tolerance plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei He
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunfei Zi
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Lihua Zhu
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Shiqing Wang
- Institute of Forage Crop Science, Ordos Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Ordos, 017000, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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2
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Zhang Y, Cao M, Li Q, Yu F. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of TPP gene family under salt stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305730. [PMID: 39024233 PMCID: PMC11257338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), a key enzyme for trehalose biosynthesis in plants, plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of higher plants, as well as their adaptations to various abiotic stresses. Employing bioinformatics techniques, 45 TPP genes distributed across 17 chromosomes were identified with conserved Trehalose-PPase domains in the peanut genome, aiming to screen those involved in salt tolerance. Collinearity analysis showed that 22 TPP genes from peanut formed homologous gene pairs with 9 TPP genes from Arabidopsis and 31 TPP genes from soybean, respectively. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoters revealed the presence of multiple hormone- and abiotic stress-responsive elements in the promoter regions of AhTPPs. Expression pattern analysis showed that members of the TPP gene family in peanut responded significantly to various abiotic stresses, including low temperature, drought, and nitrogen deficiency, and exhibited certain tissue specificity. Salt stress significantly upregulated AhTPPs, with a higher number of responsive genes observed at the seedling stage compared to the podding stage. The intuitive physiological effect was reflected in the significantly higher accumulation of trehalose content in the leaves of plants under salt stress compared to the control. These findings indicate that the TPP gene family plays a crucial role in peanut's response to abiotic stresses, laying the foundation for further functional studies and utilization of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minxuan Cao
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuzhi Li
- Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Fagang Yu
- Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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3
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Asad MAU, Yan Z, Zhou L, Guan X, Cheng F. How abiotic stresses trigger sugar signaling to modulate leaf senescence? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108650. [PMID: 38653095 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved the adaptive capacity to mitigate the negative effect of external adversities at chemical, molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. This capacity is conferred by triggering the coordinated action of internal regulatory factors, in which sugars play an essential role in the regulating chloroplast degradation and leaf senescence under various stresses. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the senescent-associated changes in carbohydrate metabolism and its relation to chlorophyl degradation, oxidative damage, photosynthesis inhibition, programmed cell death (PCD), and sink-source relation as affected by abiotic stresses. The action of sugar signaling in regulating the initiation and progression of leaf senescence under abiotic stresses involves interactions with various plant hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and protein kinases. This discussion aims to elucidate the complex regulatory network and molecular mechanisms that underline sugar-induced leaf senescence in response to various abiotic stresses. The imperative role of sugar signaling in regulating plant stress responses potentially enables the production of crop plants with modified sugar metabolism. This, in turn, may facilitate the engineering of plants with improved stress responses, optimal life span and higher yield achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhmmad Asad Ullah Asad
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhang Yan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lujian Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianyue Guan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangmin Cheng
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China.
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4
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Yuan P, Yu M, Liu H, Hammond JP, Cai H, Ding G, Wang S, Xu F, Wang C, Hong D, Shi L. Overexpression of oilseed rape trehalose-6-phosphate synthesis gene BnaC02.TPS8 confers sensitivity to low nitrogen and high sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2024; 259:122. [PMID: 38619628 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Overexpression of BnaC02.TPS8 increased low N and high sucrose-induced anthocyanin accumulation. Anthocyanin plays a crucial role in safeguarding photosynthetic tissues against high light, UV radiation, and oxidative stress. Their accumulation is triggered by low nitrogen (N) stress and elevated sucrose levels in Arabidopsis. Trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) serves as a pivotal signaling molecule, sensing sucrose availability, and carbon (C) metabolism. However, the mechanisms governing the regulation of T6P synthase (TPS) genes responsible for anthocyanin accumulation under conditions of low N and high sucrose remain elusive. In a previous study, we demonstrated the positive impact of a cytoplasm-localized class II TPS protein 'BnaC02.TPS8' on photosynthesis and seed yield improvement in Brassica napus. The present research delves into the biological role of BnaC02.TPS8 in response to low N and high sucrose. Ectopic overexpression of BnaC02.TPS8 in Arabidopsis seedlings resulted in elevated shoot T6P levels under N-sufficient conditions, as well as an increased carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, sucrose accumulation, and starch storage under low N conditions. Overexpression of BnaC02.TPS8 in Arabidopsis heightened sensitivity to low N stress and high sucrose levels, accompanied by increased anthocyanin accumulation and upregulation of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation. Metabolic profiling revealed increased levels of intermediate products of carbon metabolism, as well as anthocyanin and flavonoid derivatives in BnaC02.TPS8-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants under low N conditions. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses demonstrated that BnaC02.TPS8 interacts with both BnaC08.TPS9 and BnaA01.TPS10. These findings contribute to our understanding of how TPS8-mediated anthocyanin accumulation is modulated under low N and high sucrose conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mingzhu Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Haijiang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - John P Hammond
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Hongmei Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guangda Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Center of Rapeseed Engineering and Technology, National Research, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center (Wuhan Branch), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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5
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Lin YH, Zhou YN, Liang XG, Jin YK, Xiao ZD, Zhang YJ, Huang C, Hong B, Chen ZY, Zhou SL, Shen S. Exogenous methylglyoxal alleviates drought-induced 'plant diabetes' and leaf senescence in maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1982-1996. [PMID: 38124377 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Drought-induced leaf senescence is associated with high sugar levels, which bears some resemblance to the syndrome of diabetes in humans; however, the underlying mechanisms of such 'plant diabetes' on carbon imbalance and the corresponding detoxification strategy are not well understood. Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of exogenous methylglyoxal (MG) on 'plant diabetes' in maize plants under drought stress applied via foliar spraying during the grain-filling stage. Exogenous MG delayed leaf senescence and promoted photoassimilation, thereby reducing the yield loss induced by drought by 14%. Transcriptome and metabolite analyses revealed that drought increased sugar accumulation in leaves through inhibition of sugar transporters that facilitate phloem loading. This led to disequilibrium of glycolysis and overaccumulation of endogenous MG. Application of exogenous MG up-regulated glycolytic flux and the glyoxalase system that catabolyses endogenous MG and glycation end-products, ultimately alleviating 'plant diabetes'. In addition, the expression of genes facilitating anabolism and catabolism of trehalose-6-phosphate was promoted and suppressed by drought, respectively, and exogenous MG reversed this effect, implying that trehalose-6-phosphate signaling in the mediation of 'plant diabetes'. Furthermore, exogenous MG activated the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, promoting the production of lignin and phenolic compounds, which are associated with drought tolerance. Overall, our findings indicate that exogenous MG activates defense-related pathways to alleviate the toxicity derived from 'plant diabetes', thereby helping to maintain leaf function and yield production under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Lin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ya-Ning Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Gui Liang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Ka Jin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zu-Dong Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bo Hong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shun-Li Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao 061802, China
| | - Si Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao 061802, China
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6
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Yang H, Wei Z, Wu Y, Zhang C, Lyu L, Wu W, Li W. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Variations in Carbohydrate Metabolism between Two Blueberry Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:293. [PMID: 38203463 PMCID: PMC10778917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blueberry is a high-quality fruit tree with significant nutritional and economic value, but the intricate mechanism of sugar accumulation in its fruit remains unclear. In this study, the ripe fruits of blueberry cultivars 'Anna' and 'Misty' were utilized as experimental materials, and physiological and multi-omics methodologies were applied to analyze the regulatory mechanisms of the difference in sugar content between them. The results demonstrated that the 'Anna' fruit was smaller and had less hardness than the 'Misty' fruit, as well as higher sugar content, antioxidant capability, and lower active substance content. A total of 7067 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (3674 up-regulated and 3393 down-regulated) and 140 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) (82 up-regulated and 58 down-regulated) were identified between the fruits of the two cultivars. According to KEGG analysis, DEGs were primarily abundant in phenylpropanoid synthesis and hormone signal transduction pathways, whereas DAMs were primarily enriched in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. A combined multi-omics study showed that 116 DEGs and 3 DAMs in starch and sucrose metabolism (48 DEGs and 1 DAM), glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (54 DEGs and 1 DAM), and the pentose phosphate pathway (14 DEGs and 1 DAM) were significantly enriched. These findings suggest that blueberries predominantly increase sugar accumulation by activating carbon metabolism network pathways. Moreover, we identified critical transcription factors linked to the sugar response. This study presents new understandings regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying blueberry sugar accumulation and will be helpful in improving blueberry fruit quality through breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Zhiwen Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lianfei Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
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7
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Göbel M, Fichtner F. Functions of sucrose and trehalose 6-phosphate in controlling plant development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 291:154140. [PMID: 38007969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants exhibit enormous plasticity in regulating their architecture to be able to adapt to a constantly changing environment and carry out vital functions such as photosynthesis, anchoring, and nutrient uptake. Phytohormones play a role in regulating these responses, but sugar signalling mechanisms are also crucial. Sucrose is not only an important source of carbon and energy fuelling plant growth, but it also functions as a signalling molecule that influences various developmental processes. Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), a sucrose-specific signalling metabolite, is emerging as an important regulator in plant metabolism and development. Key players involved in sucrose and Tre6P signalling pathways, including MAX2, SnRK1, bZIP11, and TOR, have been implicated in processes such as flowering, branching, and root growth. We will summarize our current knowledge of how these pathways shape shoot and root architecture and highlight how sucrose and Tre6P signalling are integrated with known signalling networks in shaping plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Göbel
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Germany; Cluster of Excellences on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Franziska Fichtner
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Germany; Cluster of Excellences on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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8
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Asim M, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Guo M, Khan R, Wang XL, Hussain Q, Shi Y. Leaf senescence attributes: the novel and emerging role of sugars as signaling molecules and the overlap of sugars and hormones signaling nodes. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:1092-1110. [PMID: 35968918 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2094215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sugars are the primary products of photosynthesis and play multiple roles in plants. Although sugars are usually considered to be the building blocks of energy storage and carbon transport molecules, they have also gradually come to be acknowledged as signaling molecules that can initiate senescence. Senescence is an active and essential process that occurs at the last developmental stage and corresponds to programmed degradation of: cells, tissues, organs, and entire organisms. It is a complex process involving: numerous biochemical changes, transporters, genes, and transcription factors. The process is controlled by multiple developmental signals, among which sugar signals are considered to play a vital role; however, the regulatory pathways involved are not fully understood. The dynamic mechanistic framework of sugar accumulation has an inconsistent effect on senescence through the sugar signaling pathway. Key metabolizing enzymes produce different sugar signals in response to the onset of senescence. Diverse sugar signal transduction pathways and a variety of sugar sensors are involved in controlling leaf senescence. This review highlights the processes underlying initiation of sugar signaling and crosstalk between sugars and hormones signal transduction pathways affecting leaf senescence. This summary of the state of current knowledge across different plants aids in filling knowledge gaps and raises key questions that remain to be answered with respect to regulation of leaf senescence by sugar signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yanguo Sun
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao Lin Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
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9
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Kumar R, Brar MS, Kunduru B, Ackerman AJ, Yang Y, Luo F, Saski CA, Bridges WC, de Leon N, McMahan C, Kaeppler SM, Sekhon RS. Genetic architecture of source-sink-regulated senescence in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2459-2479. [PMID: 37595026 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Source and sink interactions play a critical but mechanistically poorly understood role in the regulation of senescence. To disentangle the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying source-sink-regulated senescence (SSRS), we performed a phenotypic, transcriptomic, and systems genetics analysis of senescence induced by the lack of a strong sink in maize (Zea mays). Comparative analysis of genotypes with contrasting SSRS phenotypes revealed that feedback inhibition of photosynthesis, a surge in reactive oxygen species, and the resulting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were the earliest outcomes of weakened sink demand. Multienvironmental evaluation of a biparental population and a diversity panel identified 12 quantitative trait loci and 24 candidate genes, respectively, underlying SSRS. Combining the natural diversity and coexpression networks analyses identified 7 high-confidence candidate genes involved in proteolysis, photosynthesis, stress response, and protein folding. The role of a cathepsin B like protease 4 (ccp4), a candidate gene supported by systems genetic analysis, was validated by analysis of natural alleles in maize and heterologous analyses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Analysis of natural alleles suggested that a 700-bp polymorphic promoter region harboring multiple ABA-responsive elements is responsible for differential transcriptional regulation of ccp4 by ABA and the resulting variation in SSRS phenotype. We propose a model for SSRS wherein feedback inhibition of photosynthesis, ABA signaling, and oxidative stress converge to induce ER stress manifested as programed cell death and senescence. These findings provide a deeper understanding of signals emerging from loss of sink strength and offer opportunities to modify these signals to alter senescence program and enhance crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Manwinder S Brar
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Bharath Kunduru
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Arlyn J Ackerman
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Yuan Yang
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Feng Luo
- School of Computing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Christopher A Saski
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - William C Bridges
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Natalia de Leon
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christopher McMahan
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Shawn M Kaeppler
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rajandeep S Sekhon
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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10
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Kerbler SML, Armijos-Jaramillo V, Lunn JE, Vicente R. The trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase family in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14096. [PMID: 38148193 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signalling metabolite linking plant growth and development to carbon metabolism. While recent work has focused predominantly on the enzymes that produce Tre6P, little is known about the proteins that catalyse its degradation, the trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Often occurring in large protein families, TPPs exhibit cell-, tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression patterns, suggesting important regulatory functions in controlling local levels of Tre6P and trehalose as well as Tre6P signalling. Furthermore, growing evidence through gene expression studies and transgenic approaches shows that TPPs play an important role in integrating environmental signals with plant metabolism. This review highlights the large diversity of TPP isoforms in model and crop plants and identifies how modulating Tre6P metabolism in certain cell types, tissues, and at different developmental stages may promote stress tolerance, resilience and increased crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mae-Lin Kerbler
- Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Groβbeeren, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vinicio Armijos-Jaramillo
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Group, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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11
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Zhang Z, Zhong Z, Xiong Y. Sailing in complex nutrient signaling networks: Where I am, where to go, and how to go? MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1635-1660. [PMID: 37740490 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
To ensure survival and promote growth, sessile plants have developed intricate internal signaling networks tailored in diverse cells and organs with both shared and specialized functions that respond to various internal and external cues. A fascinating question arises: how can a plant cell or organ diagnose the spatial and temporal information it is experiencing to know "where I am," and then is able to make the accurate specific responses to decide "where to go" and "how to go," despite the absence of neuronal systems found in mammals. Drawing inspiration from recent comprehensive investigations into diverse nutrient signaling pathways in plants, this review focuses on the interactive nutrient signaling networks mediated by various nutrient sensors and transducers. We assess and illustrate examples of how cells and organs exhibit specific responses to changing spatial and temporal information within these interactive plant nutrient networks. In addition, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which plants employ posttranslational modification codes to integrate different upstream nutrient signals, thereby conferring response specificities to the signaling hub proteins. Furthermore, we discuss recent breakthrough studies that demonstrate the potential of modulating nutrient sensing and signaling as promising strategies to enhance crop yield, even with reduced fertilizer application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhaochen Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Synthetic Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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12
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Labastida D, Ingvarsson PK, Rendón-Anaya M. Dissecting the genetic basis of drought responses in common bean using natural variation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1143873. [PMID: 37780498 PMCID: PMC10538545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1143873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) is the most important legume for human consumption, contributing 30% of the total daily protein intake in developing countries. A major limitation for its cultivation is drought, which causes more than 60% of the annual losses. Among physiological adaptations to drought, delaying senescence and extending the photosynthetic capacity can improve crop productivity. This strategy is known as functional "stay-green" (SG) and has been discussed as a goal in plant breeding to alleviate the loss of yield under water scarcity conditions. The genetic components behind SG traits have been explored specially in cereals, but they are to date poorly studied in the common bean. For this, we screened 71 common bean cultivars belonging to the three most important gene-pools, Mesoamerica, Andes and Europe, selected to cover the natural variation of the species. Phenotyping experiments under terminal drought during long-days in greenhouse conditions, identified six photoperiod insensitive cultivars of European origin with a clear SG phenotype. Using SNP data produced from whole genome re-sequencing data, we obtained 10 variants significantly associated to the SG phenotype on chromosomes 1, 3, 7, 8, 9 and 10 that are in close proximity to gene models with functional annotations related to hormone signaling and anti-oxidant production. Calculating pairwise FST between subgroups of cultivars divided according to their drought response (susceptibility, escape, recovery or SG), we identified up to 29 genomic windows accounting for 1,45Mb that differentiate SG cultivars; these signals were especially strong on chromosomes 1, 5 and 10. Within these windows, we found genes directly involved in photosynthetic processes and trehalose synthesis. Altogether, these signals represent good targets for further characterization and highlight the multigenic nature of the SG response in legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Labastida
- Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Pär K. Ingvarsson
- Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martha Rendón-Anaya
- Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Guo WJ, Pommerrenig B, Neuhaus HE, Keller I. Interaction between sugar transport and plant development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 288:154073. [PMID: 37603910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous programs and constant interaction with the environment regulate the development of the plant organism and its individual organs. Sugars are necessary building blocks for plant and organ growth and at the same time act as critical integrators of the metabolic state into the developmental program. There is a growing recognition that the specific type of sugar and its subcellular or tissue distribution is sensed and translated to developmental responses. Therefore, the transport of sugars across membranes is a key process in adapting plant organ properties and overall development to the nutritional state of the plant. In this review, we discuss how plants exploit various sugar transporters to signal growth responses, for example, to control the development of sink organs such as roots or fruits. We highlight which sugar transporters are involved in root and shoot growth and branching, how intracellular sugar allocation can regulate senescence, and, for example, control fruit development. We link the important transport processes to downstream signaling cascades and elucidate the factors responsible for the integration of sugar signaling and plant hormone responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woei-Jiun Guo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Isabel Keller
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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14
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Broucke E, Dang TTV, Li Y, Hulsmans S, Van Leene J, De Jaeger G, Hwang I, Wim VDE, Rolland F. SnRK1 inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis through both transcriptional regulation and direct phosphorylation and dissociation of the MYB/bHLH/TTG1 MBW complex. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1193-1213. [PMID: 37219821 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved an extensive specialized secondary metabolism. The colorful flavonoid anthocyanins, for example, not only stimulate flower pollination and seed dispersal, but also protect different tissues against high light, UV and oxidative stress. Their biosynthesis is highly regulated by environmental and developmental cues and induced by high sucrose levels. Expression of the biosynthetic enzymes involved is controlled by a transcriptional MBW complex, comprising (R2R3) MYB- and bHLH-type transcription factors and the WD40 repeat protein TTG1. Anthocyanin biosynthesis is not only useful, but also carbon- and energy-intensive and non-vital. Consistently, the SnRK1 protein kinase, a metabolic sensor activated in carbon- and energy-depleting stress conditions, represses anthocyanin biosynthesis. Here we show that Arabidopsis SnRK1 represses MBW complex activity both at the transcriptional and post-translational level. In addition to repressing expression of the key transcription factor MYB75/PAP1, SnRK1 activity triggers MBW complex dissociation, associated with loss of target promoter binding, MYB75 protein degradation and nuclear export of TTG1. We also provide evidence for direct interaction with and phosphorylation of multiple MBW complex proteins. These results indicate that repression of expensive anthocyanin biosynthesis is an important strategy to save energy and redirect carbon flow to more essential processes for survival in metabolic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Broucke
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thi Tuong Vi Dang
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Yi Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sander Hulsmans
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Leene
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ildoo Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Van den Ende Wim
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Yang L, Dai L, Zhang H, Sun F, Tang X, Feng W, Yu H, Zhang J. Molecular and Functional Analysis of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase Genes Enhancing Salt Tolerance in Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. Molecules 2023; 28:5139. [PMID: 37446801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a reducing disaccharide, acting as a protectant against various environmental stresses in numerous organisms. In plants, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) plays a crucial role in trehalose biosynthesis. Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. is a prominent species of the Anoectochilus genus, widely utilized as a health food. However, the functional analysis of TPS in this species has been limited. In this study, TPS genes were cloned from A. roxburghii. The ArTPS gene, with an open reading frame spanning 2850 bp, encodes 950 amino acids. Comparative and bioinformatics analysis revealed that the homology was presented between the ArTPS protein and TPSs from other plant species. The ORF sequence was utilized to construct a prokaryotic expression vector, Pet28a-ArTPS, which was then transformed into Escherichia coli. The resulting transformants displayed a significant increase in salt tolerance under the stress conditions of 300 mmol/L NaCl. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of ArTPS genes responded to NaCl stress. The accumulation of G6P was upregulated, whereas the content of T6P exhibited an opposite expression trend. The glycometabolism products, including trehalose, exhibited notable changes under NaCl stress, although their variations may differ in response to stimulation. The content of kinsenoside, a characteristic product of A. roxburghii, was significantly upregulated under NaCl stress. These results suggest that the ArTPS genes function in response to NaCl stimulation and play a key role in polysaccharide and glycoside metabolism in Anoectochilus. This study provides new insights into the engineering modification of the health food A. roxburghii to enhance the medicinal activity of its ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Luwei Dai
- Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
| | - Hangying Zhang
- Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
| | - Fuai Sun
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuchong Tang
- Bayecao Biotechnology (Sanming) Co., Ltd., Sanming 365004, China
| | - Wenqi Feng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haoqiang Yu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Juncheng Zhang
- Medical Plant Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center, Sanming University, Sanming 365004, China
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16
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Avidan O, Moraes TA, Mengin V, Feil R, Rolland F, Stitt M, Lunn JE. In vivo protein kinase activity of SnRK1 fluctuates in Arabidopsis rosettes during light-dark cycles. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:387-408. [PMID: 36725081 PMCID: PMC10152665 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose-nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a central hub in carbon and energy signaling in plants, and is orthologous with SNF1 in yeast and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in animals. Previous studies of SnRK1 relied on in vitro activity assays or monitoring of putative marker gene expression. Neither approach gives unambiguous information about in vivo SnRK1 activity. We have monitored in vivo SnRK1 activity using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) reporter lines that express a chimeric polypeptide with an SNF1/SnRK1/AMPK-specific phosphorylation site. We investigated responses during an equinoctial diel cycle and after perturbing this cycle. As expected, in vivo SnRK1 activity rose toward the end of the night and rose even further when the night was extended. Unexpectedly, although sugars rose after dawn, SnRK1 activity did not decline until about 12 h into the light period. The sucrose signal metabolite, trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), has been shown to inhibit SnRK1 in vitro. We introduced the SnRK1 reporter into lines that harbored an inducible trehalose-6-phosphate synthase construct. Elevated Tre6P decreased in vivo SnRK1 activity in the light period, but not at the end of the night. Reporter polypeptide phosphorylation was sometimes negatively correlated with Tre6P, but a stronger and more widespread negative correlation was observed with glucose-6-phosphate. We propose that SnRK1 operates within a network that controls carbon utilization and maintains diel sugar homeostasis, that SnRK1 activity is regulated in a context-dependent manner by Tre6P, probably interacting with further inputs including hexose phosphates and the circadian clock, and that SnRK1 signaling is modulated by factors that act downstream of SnRK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omri Avidan
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Thiago A Moraes
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Virginie Mengin
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mark Stitt
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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17
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Wang X, Wang M, Huang Y, Zhu P, Qian G, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhou J, Li L. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Stress Response of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase Genes in Quinoa. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086950. [PMID: 37108114 PMCID: PMC10138372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress seriously affects the yield and quality of crops, threatening food security and ecological security. Improving saline-alkali land and increasing effective cultivated land are conducive to sustainable agricultural development. Trehalose, a nonreducing disaccharide, is closely related to plant growth and development and stress response. Trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) are key enzymes catalyzing trehalose biosynthesis. To elucidate the effects of long-term saline-alkali stress on trehalose synthesis and metabolism, we conducted an integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis. As a result, 13 TPS and 11 TPP genes were identified in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and were named CqTPS1-13 and CqTPP1-11 according to the order of their Gene IDs. Through phylogenetic analysis, the CqTPS family is divided into two classes, and the CqTPP family is divided into three classes. Analyses of physicochemical properties, gene structures, conservative domains and motifs in the proteins, and cis-regulatory elements, as well as evolutionary relationships, indicate that the TPS and TPP family characteristics are highly conserved in quinoa. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses of the sucrose and starch metabolism pathway in leaves undergoing saline-alkali stress indicate that CqTPP and Class II CqTPS genes are involved in the stress response. Moreover, the accumulation of some metabolites and the expression of many regulatory genes in the trehalose biosynthesis pathway changed significantly, suggesting the metabolic process is important for the saline-alkali stress response in quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yongshun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guangtao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lixin Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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18
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Eom SH, Lim HB, Hyun TK. Overexpression of the Brassica rapa bZIP Transcription Factor, BrbZIP-S, Increases the Stress Tolerance in Nicotiana benthamiana. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040517. [PMID: 37106717 PMCID: PMC10136179 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, S1-basic region-leucine zipper (S1-bZIP) transcription factors fulfill crucial roles in the physiological homeostasis of carbon and amino acid metabolisms and stress responses. However, very little is known about the physiological role of S1-bZIP in cruciferous vegetables. Here, we analyzed the physiological function of S1-bZIP from Brassica rapa (BrbZIP-S) in modulating proline and sugar metabolism. Overexpression of BrbZIP-S in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in delayed chlorophyll degradation during the response to dark conditions. Under heat stress or recovery conditions, the transgenic lines exhibited a lower accumulation of H2O2, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyls compared to the levels in transgenic control plants. These results strongly indicate that BrbZIP-S regulates plant tolerance against dark and heat stress. We propose that BrbZIP-S is a modulator of proline and sugar metabolism, which are required for energy homeostasis in response to environmental stress conditions.
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19
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Seasonal activities of the phyllosphere microbiome of perennial crops. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1039. [PMID: 36823152 PMCID: PMC9950430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between plants and microorganisms can inform microbiome management to enhance crop productivity and resilience to stress. Here, we apply a genome-centric approach to identify ecologically important leaf microbiome members on replicated plots of field-grown switchgrass and miscanthus, and to quantify their activities over two growing seasons for switchgrass. We use metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing and curate 40 medium- and high-quality metagenome-assembled-genomes (MAGs). We find that classes represented by these MAGs (Actinomycetia, Alpha- and Gamma- Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota) are active in the late season, and upregulate transcripts for short-chain dehydrogenase, molybdopterin oxidoreductase, and polyketide cyclase. Stress-associated pathways are expressed for most MAGs, suggesting engagement with the host environment. We also detect seasonally activated biosynthetic pathways for terpenes and various non-ribosomal peptide pathways that are poorly annotated. Our findings support that leaf-associated bacterial populations are seasonally dynamic and responsive to host cues.
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20
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Zirngibl ME, Araguirang GE, Kitashova A, Jahnke K, Rolka T, Kühn C, Nägele T, Richter AS. Triose phosphate export from chloroplasts and cellular sugar content regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis during high light acclimation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100423. [PMID: 35962545 PMCID: PMC9860169 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved multiple strategies to cope with rapid changes in the environment. During high light (HL) acclimation, the biosynthesis of photoprotective flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, is induced. However, the exact nature of the signal and downstream factors for HL induction of flavonoid biosynthesis (FB) is still under debate. Here, we show that carbon fixation in chloroplasts, subsequent export of photosynthates by triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (TPT), and rapid increase in cellular sugar content permit the transcriptional and metabolic activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis during HL acclimation. In combination with genetic and physiological analysis, targeted and whole-transcriptome gene expression studies suggest that reactive oxygen species and phytohormones play only a minor role in rapid HL induction of the anthocyanin branch of FB. In addition to transcripts of FB, sugar-responsive genes showed delayed repression or induction in tpt-2 during HL treatment, and a significant overlap with transcripts regulated by SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) was observed, including a central transcription factor of FB. Analysis of mutants with increased and repressed SnRK1 activity suggests that sugar-induced inactivation of SnRK1 is required for HL-mediated activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our study emphasizes the central role of chloroplasts as sensors for environmental changes as well as the vital function of sugar signaling in plant acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max-Emanuel Zirngibl
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Galileo Estopare Araguirang
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kitashova
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jahnke
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Rolka
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Kühn
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Nägele
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Plant Evolutionary Cell Biology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas S Richter
- University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Physiology of Plant Metabolism, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Physiology of Plant Cell Organelles, Philippstrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Mutation of OsSAC3, Encoding the Xanthine Dehydrogenase, Caused Early Senescence in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911053. [PMID: 36232356 PMCID: PMC9569572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In both animals and higher plants, xanthine dehydrogenase is a highly conserved housekeeping enzyme in purine degradation where it oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Previous reports demonstrated that xanthine dehydrogenase played a vital role in N metabolism and stress response. Is xanthine dehydrogenase involved in regulating leaf senescence? A recessive early senescence mutant with excess sugar accumulation, ossac3, was isolated previously by screening the EMS-induced mutant library. Here, we show that xanthine dehydrogenase not only plays a role in N metabolism but also involved in regulating carbon metabolism in rice. Based on map-based cloning, OsSAC3 was identified, which encodes the xanthine dehydrogenase. OsSAC3 was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues and the OsSAC3 protein located in the cytoplasm. Transcriptional analysis revealed purine metabolism, chlorophyll metabolism, photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and redox balance were affected in the ossac3 mutant. Moreover, carbohydrate distribution was changed, leading to the accumulation of sucrose and starch in the leaves containing ossac3 on account of decreased expression of OsSWEET3a, OsSWEET6a and OsSWEET14 and oxidized inactivation of starch degradation enzymes in ossac3. These results indicated that OsSAC3 played a vital role in leaf senescence by regulating carbon metabolism in rice.
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22
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Liu K, Zhou Y. Genome-wide identification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in sweet orange ( Citrus sinensis) and expression analysis in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13934. [PMID: 36105645 PMCID: PMC9466596 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is an essential enzyme for synthesizing trehalose and is a significant regulator of plant development and stress response. Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) is an economically important fruit tree crop and a common transgenic material. At present, little information is available about the TPS gene family in sweet orange. Methods The TPS gene family were identified from sweet orange genome by bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, the expression of CisTPS genes was analyzed under phytohormones and abiotic stresses by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Here, eight TPS genes were identified and were found to be randomly distributed in five sweet orange chromosomes. TPS and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) domains were observed in all CisTPS proteins. The phylogenetic tree showed that CisTPS genes were divided into two subfamilies, and genes in each subfamily had conserved intron structures and motif compositions. The cis-acting elements of CisTPS genes suggested their roles in phytohormone and stress responses. All CisTPS genes were ubiquitously expressed in roots, leaves, and stems, and six members were highly expressed in roots. Expression profiles showed that CisTPS genes exhibited tissue specificity and were differentially expressed in response to phytohormones and abiotic stresses. This study lays a foundation for revealing the functions of the TPS gene family in trehalose regulation in sweet orange, and provides a valuable reference for this gene family in other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehong Liu
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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23
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He E, Peijnenburg WJGM, Qiu H. Photosynthetic, antioxidative, and metabolic adjustments of a crop plant to elevated levels of La and Ce exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113922. [PMID: 35905629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) have been widely applied as fertilizers in farmland of China for decades to improve the yield and quality of crops. Unfortunately, adverse effects on plants have been observed due to overdosing with REEs. Until now, the toxicology of REEs was mainly evaluated based on phenotypic responses, but knowledge gaps still exist concerning their metabolic effects. Here, the physiological responses and nontargeted metabolomics studies were combined to systematically explore the potential effects of La and Ce on a crop plant, wheat Triticum aestivum. It was observed that REEs accumulated in the shoots of wheat, with significant reduction of the shoot biomass at higher exposure doses. The disturbance of photosynthesis and induced oxidative stress were identified by analyzing indicators of the photosynthetic (chlorophyll a/b, carotenoid and rubisco) and antioxidant systems (POD, CAT, SOD, GSH and MDA). Furthermore, the global metabolic profiles of REEs treatment groups and the non-exposed control group were screened and compared, and the metabolomic disturbance of REEs was dose-dependent. A high overlap of significantly changed metabolites and matched disturbed biological pathways was found between La and Ce treatments, indicating similarity of their toxicity mechanism in wheat shoots. Generally, the perturbed metabolomic pathways were mainly related to carbohydrate, amino acid and nucleotide/side metabolism, suggesting a disturbance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, which finally affected the growth of wheat. We thus proved the potential adverse effect of inappropriate application of REEs in crop plants and postulated metabolomics as a feasible tool to identify the underlying toxicological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkai He
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Center for the Safety of Substances and Products, 3720BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.
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Asim M, Guo M, Khan R, Sun Y, Du S, Liu W, Li Y, Wang X, Wang M, Shi Y, Zhang Y. Investigation of sugar signaling behaviors involved in sucrose-induced senescence initiation and progression in N. tabacum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 184:112-125. [PMID: 35640518 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sugar is involved in initiating leaf senescence. However, its regulatory role, especially as a signal in the senescence process, is unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to illustrate how sugar stimulates the onset of leaf senescence and controls sugar homeostasis through the T6P-SnRK (sucrose non-fermenting (SNF)-related kinase) and HXK (hexokinase) signaling pathways. We used a leaf disc system detached from fully expanded leaves of Nicotiana tabacum cv. K326 and designed a time-course study (days 3, 5, 7, and 9) with exogenously gradient concentrations (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 mM) of sucrose (Suc) treatment to identify how Suc application affects sugar metabolism and induces senescence. Our results revealed that early decreases of Fv/Fm and increases in electrolyte leakage responded to Suc on day 3. Furthermore, a substantial increase in lipid peroxidation and up-regulated expression of senescence marker genes (NtSAG12) (except 60 mM on day 3) responded sequentially by day 5. The glucose, G6P, and HXK contents were first induced by Suc on day 3 and then repressed from day 5 to day 7. However, exogenous Suc treatment significantly improved the TPS content and the subsequent precursor T6P from day 3 to day 7. Following exogenous Suc treatments, the transcript level of NtSnRK1 was markedly down-regulated from day 3 to day 7. On the other hand, a linear regression analysis demonstrated that the T6P-NtSnRK1 signaling pathway was strongly associated with senescence initiation, and was accompanied by membrane degradation and NtCP1/NtSAG12 up-regulation by day 3. The T6P-NtSnRK1 signaling pathway experienced membrane and chloroplast degradation by day 5. HXK functioned as a metabolic enzyme promoting Glc-G6P and as a Glc sensor, accelerating the initiation of senescence through the HXK-dependent pathway by repressing PSII by day 3 and the senescence process through the Glycolytic pathway by day 7. These physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses demonstrate that exogenous Suc regulates T6P accumulation, inducing senescence through the NtSnRK signaling pathway. These results illustrate the role of Suc and the transition of the sugar signaling pathway during the progression of senescence initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yanguo Sun
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shasha Du
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Agricultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yang Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Agricultural College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, 266101, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China.
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25
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Trehalose: a promising osmo-protectant against salinity stress-physiological and molecular mechanisms and future prospective. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11255-11271. [PMID: 35802276 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the leading threats to crop growth and productivity across the globe. Salt stress induces serious alterations in plant physiological, metabolic, biochemical functioning and it also disturbs antioxidant activities, cellular membranes, photosynthetic performance, nutrient uptake and plant water uptake and resulting in a significant reduction in growth and production. The application of osmoprotectants is considered as an important strategy to induce salt tolerance in plants. Trehalose (Tre) has emerged an excellent osmolyte to induce salinity tolerance and it got considerable attention in recent times. Under salinity stress, Tre helps to maintain the membrane integrity, and improves plant water relations, nutrient uptake and reduces the electrolyte leakage and lipid per-oxidation. Tre also improves gas exchange characteristics, protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity induced oxidative damages and brings ultra-structure changes in the plant body to induce salinity tolerance. Moreover, Tre also improves antioxidant activities and expression of stress responsive proteins and genes and confers salt tolerance in plants. Additionally, Tre is also involved in signaling association with signaling molecules and phytohormones and resultantly improved the plant performance under salt stress. Thus, it is interesting to understand the role of Tre in mediating the salinity tolerance in plants. Therefore, in this review we have summarized the different physiological and molecular roles of Tre to induce salt tolerance in plants. Moreover, we have also provided the information on Tre cross-talk with various osmolytes and hormones, and its role in stress responsive genes and antioxidant activities. Lastly, we also shed light on research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies. Therefore, this review will help the scientists to learn more about the Tre in changing climate conditions and it will also provide new insights to insights that could be used to develop salinity tolerance in plants.
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Zacharaki V, Ponnu J, Crepin N, Langenecker T, Hagmann J, Skorzinski N, Musialak‐Lange M, Wahl V, Rolland F, Schmid M. Impaired KIN10 function restores developmental defects in the Arabidopsis trehalose 6-phosphate synthase1 (tps1) mutant. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:220-233. [PMID: 35306666 PMCID: PMC9320823 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sensing carbohydrate availability is essential for plants to coordinate their growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, TREHALOSE 6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1) and its product, trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), are important for the metabolic control of development. tps1 mutants are embryo-lethal and unable to flower when embryogenesis is rescued. T6P regulates development in part through inhibition of SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1 RELATED KINASE1 (SnRK1). Here, we explored the role of SnRK1 in T6P-mediated plant growth and development using a combination of a mutant suppressor screen and genetic, cellular and transcriptomic approaches. We report nonsynonymous amino acid substitutions in the catalytic KIN10 and regulatory SNF4 subunits of SnRK1 that can restore both embryogenesis and flowering of tps1 mutant plants. The identified SNF4 point mutations disrupt the interaction with the catalytic subunit KIN10. Contrary to the common view that the two A. thaliana SnRK1 catalytic subunits act redundantly, we found that loss-of-function mutations in KIN11 are unable to restore embryogenesis and flowering, highlighting the important role of KIN10 in T6P signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Zacharaki
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
| | - Jathish Ponnu
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
- Institute for Plant SciencesCologne BiocenterUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Straße 47b50674KölnGermany
| | - Nathalie Crepin
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant BiologyBiology DepartmentUniversity of Leuven–KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 313001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI)3001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
| | - Tobias Langenecker
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Jörg Hagmann
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Noemi Skorzinski
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
| | - Magdalena Musialak‐Lange
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and EpigeneticsMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Vanessa Wahl
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and EpigeneticsMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory for Molecular Plant BiologyBiology DepartmentUniversity of Leuven–KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 313001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI)3001Heverlee‐LeuvenBelgium
| | - Markus Schmid
- Department of Plant PhysiologyUmeå Plant Science CentreUmeå UniversitySE‐901 87UmeåSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstr. 3572076TübingenGermany
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Asim M, Hussain Q, Wang X, Sun Y, Liu H, Khan R, Du S, Shi Y, Zhang Y. Mathematical Modeling Reveals That Sucrose Regulates Leaf Senescence via Dynamic Sugar Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126498. [PMID: 35742940 PMCID: PMC9223756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc) accumulation is one of the key indicators of leaf senescence onset, but little is known about its regulatory role. Here, we found that application of high (120–150 mM) and low levels (60 mM) of Suc to young leaf (YL) and fully expanded leaf (FEL) discs, respectively, decreased chlorophyll content and maximum photosynthetic efficiency. Electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels increased at high Suc concentrations (90–120 mM in YL and 60 and 150 mM in FEL discs). In FEL discs, the senescence-associated gene NtSAG12 showed a gradual increase in expression with increased Suc application; in contrast, in YL discs, NtSAG12 was upregulated with low Suc treatment (60 mM) but downregulated at higher levels of Suc. In YL discs, trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) accumulated at a low half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of Suc (1.765 mM). However, T6P levels declined as trehalose 6 phosphate synthase (TPS) content decreased, resulting in the maximum velocity of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase (SnRK) and hexokinase (HXK) occurring at higher level of Suc. We therefore speculated that senescence was induced by hexose accumulation. In FEL discs, the EC50 of T6P occurred at a low concentration of Suc (0.9488 mM); T6P levels progressively increased with higher TPS content, which inhibited SnRK activity with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.001475 U/g. This confirmed that the T6P–SnRK complex induced senescence in detached FEL discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Yanguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Haiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Rayyan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Shasha Du
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (M.A.); (X.W.); (Y.S.); (H.L.); (R.K.); (S.D.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (Y.Z.)
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28
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Genome-Wide Identification of Cotton (Gossypium spp.) Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase (TPP) Gene Family Members and the Role of GhTPP22 in the Response to Drought Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081079. [PMID: 35448808 PMCID: PMC9024796 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) is a key enzyme involved in trehalose synthesis in higher plants. Previous studies have shown that TPP family genes increase yields without affecting plant growth under drought conditions, but their functions in cotton have not been reported. In this study, 17, 12, 26 and 24 TPP family genes were identified in Gossypium arboreum, Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum, respectively. The 79 TPP family genes were divided into three subgroups by phylogenetic analysis. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of GhTPP22 produced TRV::GhTPP22 plants that were more sensitive to drought stress than the control plants, and the relative expression of GhTPP22 was decreased, as shown by qRT–PCR. Moreover, we analysed the gene structure, targeted small RNAs, and gene expression patterns of TPP family members and the physicochemical properties of their encoded proteins. Overall, members of the TPP gene family in cotton were systematically identified, and the function of GhTPP22 under drought stress conditions was preliminarily verified. These findings provide new information for improving drought resistance for cotton breeding in the future.
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29
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Huang XJ, Jian SF, Chen DL, Zhong C, Miao JH. Concentration-dependent dual effects of exogenous sucrose on nitrogen metabolism in Andrographis paniculata. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4906. [PMID: 35318399 PMCID: PMC8940917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of exogenous sucrose (Suc) concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 mmol L−1) on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) metabolisms were investigated in a medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata (Chuanxinlian). Suc application with the concentration of 0.5–5 mmol L−1 significantly promoted plant growth. In contrast, 10 mmol L−1 Suc retarded plant growth and increased contents of anthocyanin and MDA and activity of SOD in comparison to 0.5–5 mmol L−1 Suc. Suc application increased contents of leaf soluble sugar, reducing sugar and trerhalose, as well as isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) activity, increasing supply of C-skeleton for N assimilation. However, total leaf N was peaked at 1 mmol L−1 Suc, which was consistent with root activity, suggesting that exogenous Suc enhanced root N uptake. At 10 mmol L−1 Suc, total leaf N and activities of glutamine synthase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) and glutamic–pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were strongly reduced but NH4+ concentration was significantly increased. The results revealed that exogenous Suc is an effective stimulant for A. paniculata plant growth. Low Suc concentration (e.g. 1 mmol L−1) increased supply of C-skeleton and promoted N uptake and assimilation in A. paniculata plant, whereas high Suc concentration (e.g. 10 mmol L−1) uncoupled C and N metabolisms, reduced N metabolism and induced plant senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jing Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shao-Fen Jian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.,Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Chu Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China. .,Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Miao
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China. .,Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.
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30
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Wingler A, Henriques R. Sugars and the speed of life-Metabolic signals that determine plant growth, development and death. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13656. [PMID: 35243645 PMCID: PMC9314607 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development depend on the availability of carbohydrates synthesised in photosynthesis (source activity) and utilisation of these carbohydrates for growth (sink activity). External conditions, such as temperature, nutrient availability and stress, can affect source as well as sink activity. Optimal utilisation of resources is under circadian clock control. This molecular timekeeper ensures that growth responses are adjusted to different photoperiod and temperature settings by modulating starch accumulation and degradation accordingly. For example, during the night, starch degradation is required to provide sugars for growth. Under favourable growth conditions, high sugar availability stimulates growth and development, resulting in an overall accelerated life cycle of annual plants. Key signalling components include trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P), which reflects sucrose availability and stimulates growth and branching when the conditions are favourable. Under sink limitation, Tre6P does, however, inhibit night-time starch degradation. Tre6P interacts with Sucrose-non-fermenting1-Related Kinase1 (SnRK1), a protein kinase that inhibits growth under starvation and stress conditions and delays development (including flowering and senescence). Tre6P inhibits SnRK1 activity, but SnRK1 increases the Tre6P to sucrose ratio under favourable conditions. Alongside Tre6P, Target of Rapamycin (TOR) stimulates processes such as protein synthesis and growth when sugar availability is high. In annual plants, an accelerated life cycle results in early leaf and plant senescence, thus shortening the lifespan. While the availability of carbohydrates in the form of sucrose and other sugars also plays an important role in seasonal life cycle events (phenology) of perennial plants, the sugar signalling pathways in perennials are less well understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Wingler
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research InstituteUniversity College Cork, Distillery FieldsCork
| | - Rossana Henriques
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences and Environmental Research InstituteUniversity College Cork, Distillery FieldsCork
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Li Q, Chai L, Tong N, Yu H, Jiang W. Potential Carbohydrate Regulation Mechanism Underlying Starvation-Induced Abscission of Tomato Flower. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041952. [PMID: 35216070 PMCID: PMC8876634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato flower abscission is a critical agronomic problem directly affecting yield. It often occurs in greenhouses in winter, with the weak light or hazy weather leading to insufficient photosynthates. The importance of carbohydrate availability in flower retention has been illustrated, while relatively little is understood concerning the mechanism of carbohydrate regulation on flower abscission. In the present study, we analyzed the responding pattern of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC, including total soluble sugars and starch) and the potential sugar signal pathway involved in abscission regulation in tomato flowers under shading condition, and their correlations with flower abscission rate and abscission-related hormones. The results showed that, when plants suffer from short-term photosynthesis deficiency, starch degradation in flower organs acts as a self-protection mechanism, providing a carbon source for flower growth and temporarily alleviating the impact on flower development. Trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) and sucrose non-fermenting-like kinase (SnRK1) signaling seems to be involved in adapting the metabolism to sugar starvation stress through regulating starch remobilization and crosstalk with IAA, ABA, and ethylene in flowers. However, a continuous limitation of assimilating supply imposed starch depletion in flowers, which caused flower abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongjun Yu
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (W.J.); Tel.: +86-10-8210-8797 (H.Y. & W.J.)
| | - Weijie Jiang
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (W.J.); Tel.: +86-10-8210-8797 (H.Y. & W.J.)
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Sarkar AK, Sadhukhan S. Imperative role of trehalose metabolism and trehalose-6-phosphate signaling on salt stress responses in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13647. [PMID: 35141895 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sugar transport and distribution have a direct impact on the growth and development of plants. Many sugars significantly influence salt stress response. The sensing of salt stress signals triggers a wide array of complicated network transduction pathways in plants. Trehalose and its intermediate compounds effectively modulate salt response and salt tolerance. Sugars such as trehalose and its derivatives not only serve as metabolic resources and structural components of cells in plants but also exhibit hormone-like regulating properties. Trehalose has an important physiological role in improving plant tolerance against salinity stresses in different plants. Plants finely adjust their cytoplasmic compatible solute pool to cope with high salinity. Salt stress induces a variety of structural, anatomical, molecular, biochemical, and physiological changes in plants, all of which have a detrimental influence on plant growth and development. This review highlights the recent developments in understanding trehalose and trehalose-6-phosphate signaling processes in plants, especially their impacts on plants growing in salty environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Dukhulal Nibaran Chandra College, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjoy Sadhukhan
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India
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Gabriel C, Fernhout J, Fichtner F, Feil R, Lunn JE, Kossmann J, Lloyd JR, van der Vyver C. Genetic manipulation of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase results in changes in the soluble sugar profile in transgenic sugarcane stems. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e358. [PMID: 34765864 PMCID: PMC8573382 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide widely distributed in nature. The trehalose biosynthetic intermediate, trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) is an essential regulatory and signaling molecule involved in both regulation of carbon metabolism and photosynthesis. To investigate the effect of altered trehalose synthesis on sucrose accumulation in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid), we independently overexpressed the Escherichia coli otsA (trehalose-6-phosphate synthase; TPS) and otsB (trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase; TPP) genes and additionally partially silenced native TPS expression. In mature cane, sucrose levels in the otsA transgenic plants were lowered, whereas sucrose levels in the otsB transgenic plants were increased. Partial silencing of TPS expression in sugarcane transformed with a TPS-targeted microRNA recombinant construct was confirmed in leaf and mature internode tissue of transgenic plants. Most of the silencing transgenic lines accumulated trehalose at lower levels than the wild-type (WT) plants. The immature stalk tissue of these transgenic lines had lower levels of glucose and fructose, whereas the mature internode tissue had lower sucrose and glucose levels, when compared with the WT. Furthermore, various minor metabolites and sugars were detected in the sugarcane plants, which mostly decreased as the stalk tissue of the cane matured. The results demonstrate that manipulation of Tre6P/trehalose metabolism has the potential to modify the profile of soluble sugars accumulated in sugarcane stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Gabriel
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of GeneticsUniversity of StellenboschStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Jean‐Jacque Fernhout
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of GeneticsUniversity of StellenboschStellenboschSouth Africa
| | | | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyPotsdam‐GolmGermany
| | - John E. Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyPotsdam‐GolmGermany
| | - Jens Kossmann
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of GeneticsUniversity of StellenboschStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - James R. Lloyd
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of GeneticsUniversity of StellenboschStellenboschSouth Africa
| | - Christell van der Vyver
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of GeneticsUniversity of StellenboschStellenboschSouth Africa
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In Silico and Transcription Analysis of Trehalose-6-phosphate Phosphatase Gene Family of Wheat: Trehalose Synthesis Genes Contribute to Salinity, Drought Stress and Leaf Senescence. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111652. [PMID: 34828258 PMCID: PMC8618227 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) genes take part in trehalose metabolism and also in stress tolerance, which has been well documented in many species but poorly understood in wheat. The present research has identified a family of 31 TPP genes in Triticum aestivum L. through homology searches and classified them into five clades by phylogenetic tree analysis, providing evidence of an evolutionary status with Hordeum vulgare, Brachypodium distachyon and Oryza sativa. The exon-intron distribution revealed a discrete evolutionary history and projected possible gene duplication occurrences. Furthermore, different computational approaches were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties, conserved domains and motifs, subcellular and chromosomal localization, and three-dimensional (3-D) protein structures. Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) analysis predicted that TaTPP promoters consist of CREs related to plant growth and development, hormones, and stress. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the transcription levels of TaTPPs were variable in different developmental stages and organs. In addition, qRT-PCR analysis showed that different TaTPPs were induced under salt and drought stresses and during leaf senescence. Therefore, the findings of the present study give fundamental genomic information and possible biological functions of the TaTPP gene family in wheat and will provide the path for a better understanding of TaTPPs involvement in wheat developmental processes, stress tolerance, and leaf senescence.
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Gao Y, Yang X, Yang X, Zhao T, An X, Chen Z. Characterization and expression pattern of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene families in Populus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:9-23. [PMID: 34298047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose plays an important role in plant metabolism, growth development, and stress tolerance. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene (TPP) are vital for the synthesis of trehalose. Populus is a prominent perennial woody plant, in which systematic genome-wide analysis of the TPS and TPP family is limited. In this study, 13 PtTPS and 10 PtTPP genes were identified in the Populus genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated PtTPS and PtTPP genes were both divided into two subfamilies, and gene members of each subfamily have highly conserved intron structures. Analysis of cis-acting elements showed that PtTPS and PtTPP genes were involved in plant hormones and environmental stress responses. Expression profiles also found PtTPSs and PtTPPs expressed differently in response to salt stress, cold, mechanical damage, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate treatment. Furthermore, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR results found PtTPSs and PtTPPs displayed a specific expression pattern in the seven developmental stages of Populus male and female floral buds. This work will not only lead a foundation on reveal the functions of PtTPS and PtTPP gene families in trehalose regulation of poplar but also provide references to related trehalose research in other perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biamass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tianyun Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinmin An
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biamass, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Sun J, Chen T, Tao J. Single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing provides insight into the TPS gene family in Paeonia ostii. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11808. [PMID: 34316413 PMCID: PMC8286706 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC), one of the traditional famous flowers with both ornamental and medicinal value, was widely used in China. Surprisingly little is known about the full-length transcriptome sequencing in tree peony, limiting the research on its gene function and molecular mechanism. The trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPS) family genes has been found to affect plant growth and development and the function of TPS genes in Paeonia ostii is unknown. METHODS In our study, we performed single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing in P. ostii. 10 TPS family members were identified from PacBio sequencing for bioinformatics analysis and transcriptional expression analysis. RESULTS A total of 230,736 reads of insert (ROI) sequences and 114,215 full-Length non-chimeric reads (FLNC) were obtained for further ORFs and transcription factors prediction, SSR analysis and lncRNA identification. NR, Swissprot, GO, COG, KOG, Pfam and KEGG databases were used to obtain annotation information of transcripts. 10 TPS family members were identified with molecular weights between 48.0 to 108.5 kD and isoelectric point between 5.61 to 6.37. Furthermore, we found that TPS family members contain conserved TPP or TPS domain. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, PoTPS1 protein was highly similar to AtTPS1 protein in Arabidopsis. Finally, we analyzed the expression levels of all TPS genes in P. ostii and found PoTPS5 expressed at the highest level. In conclusion, this study combined the results of the transcriptome to systematically analyze the 10 TPS family members, and sets a framework for further research of this important gene family in development of tree peony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tian Chen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Jian SF, Huang XJ, Yang XN, Zhong C, Miao JH. Sulfur Regulates the Trade-Off Between Growth and Andrographolide Accumulation via Nitrogen Metabolism in Andrographis paniculata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:687954. [PMID: 34335655 PMCID: PMC8317024 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.687954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) are essential mineral nutrients for plant growth and metabolism. Here, we investigated their interaction in plant growth and andrographolide accumulation in medicinal plant Andrographis paniculata grown at different N (4 and 8 mmol·L-1) and S concentration levels (0.1 and 2.4 mmol L-1). We found that increasing the S application rate enhanced the accumulation of andrographolide compounds (AGCs) in A. paniculata. Simultaneously, salicylic acid (SA) and gibberellic acid 4 (GA4) concentrations were increased but trehalose/trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre/Tre6P) concentrations were decreased by high S, suggesting that they were involved in the S-mediated accumulation of AGCs. However, S affected plant growth differentially at different N levels. Metabolite analysis revealed that high S induced increases in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and photorespiration under low N conditions, which promoted N assimilation and S metabolism, and simultaneously increased carbohydrate consumption and inhibited plant growth. In contrast, high S reduced N and S concentrations in plants and promoted plant growth under high N conditions. Taken together, the results indicated that increasing the S application rate is an effective strategy to improve AGC accumulation in A. paniculata. Nevertheless, the interaction of N and S affected the trade-off between plant growth and AGC accumulation, in which N metabolism plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Fen Jian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Xue-Jing Huang
- College of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Chu Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Jian-Hua Miao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
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Ferguson JN, Tidy AC, Murchie EH, Wilson ZA. The potential of resilient carbon dynamics for stabilizing crop reproductive development and productivity during heat stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2066-2089. [PMID: 33538010 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Impaired carbon metabolism and reproductive development constrain crop productivity during heat stress. Reproductive development is energy intensive, and its requirement for respiratory substrates rises as associated metabolism increases with temperature. Understanding how these processes are integrated and the extent to which they contribute to the maintenance of yield during and following periods of elevated temperatures is important for developing climate-resilient crops. Recent studies are beginning to demonstrate links between processes underlying carbon dynamics and reproduction during heat stress, consequently a summation of research that has been reported thus far and an evaluation of purported associations are needed to guide and stimulate future research. To this end, we review recent studies relating to source-sink dynamics, non-foliar photosynthesis and net carbon gain as pivotal in understanding how to improve reproductive development and crop productivity during heat stress. Rapid and precise phenotyping during narrow phenological windows will be important for understanding mechanisms underlying these processes, thus we discuss the development of relevant high-throughput phenotyping approaches that will allow for more informed decision-making regarding future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Ferguson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison C Tidy
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Erik H Murchie
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
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Fichtner F, Lunn JE. The Role of Trehalose 6-Phosphate (Tre6P) in Plant Metabolism and Development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:737-760. [PMID: 33428475 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-095929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) has a dual function as a signal and homeostatic regulator of sucrose levels in plants. In source leaves, Tre6P regulates the production of sucrose to balance supply with demand for sucrose from growing sink organs. As a signal of sucrose availability, Tre6P influences developmental decisions that will affect future demand for sucrose, such as flowering, embryogenesis, and shoot branching, and links the growth of sink organs to sucrose supply. This involves complex interactions with SUCROSE-NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED KINASE1 that are not yet fully understood. Tre6P synthase, the enzyme that makes Tre6P, plays a key role in the nexus between sucrose and Tre6P, operating in the phloem-loading zone of leaves and potentially generating systemic signals for source-sink coordination. Many plants have large and diverse families of Tre6P phosphatase enzymes that dephosphorylate Tre6P, some of which have noncatalytic functions in plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
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De Coninck T, Gistelinck K, Janse van Rensburg HC, Van den Ende W, Van Damme EJM. Sweet Modifications Modulate Plant Development. Biomolecules 2021; 11:756. [PMID: 34070047 PMCID: PMC8158104 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant development represents a continuous process in which the plant undergoes morphological, (epi)genetic and metabolic changes. Starting from pollination, seed maturation and germination, the plant continues to grow and develops specialized organs to survive, thrive and generate offspring. The development of plants and the interplay with its environment are highly linked to glycosylation of proteins and lipids as well as metabolism and signaling of sugars. Although the involvement of these protein modifications and sugars is well-studied, there is still a long road ahead to profoundly comprehend their nature, significance, importance for plant development and the interplay with stress responses. This review, approached from the plants' perspective, aims to focus on some key findings highlighting the importance of glycosylation and sugar signaling for plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibo De Coninck
- Laboratory of Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (K.G.)
| | - Koen Gistelinck
- Laboratory of Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (K.G.)
| | - Henry C. Janse van Rensburg
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.C.J.v.R.); (W.V.d.E.)
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (H.C.J.v.R.); (W.V.d.E.)
| | - Els J. M. Van Damme
- Laboratory of Glycobiology & Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; (T.D.C.); (K.G.)
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Zhang S, Wang H, Luo J, Yu W, Xiao Y, Peng F. Peach PpSnRK1α interacts with bZIP11 and maintains trehalose balance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 160:377-385. [PMID: 33550178 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The nonreducing disaccharide trehalose is widespread in nature. It plays a very important role in plant growth and development. In plants, trehalose is present in trace amounts. High concentration of trehalose disrupts energy balance and inhibits normal growth and development. Studies have shown that high levels of trehalose and trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P), the metabolic precursor of trehalose, inhibit sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase1 (SnRK1) activity, which affect plant growth and development. However, the role of SnRK1, the energy balance center, in the regulation of trehalose metabolism in plants is unknown. In this study, exogenous trehalose at higher concentrations inhibited the expression of SnRK1 genes, especially PpSnRK1α in peach (Prunus persica) seedlings. This change in gene expression was dependent on trehalose concentration. Furthermore, overexpression of peach PpSnRK1α in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly promoted trehalase activity, reduced T6P content, and suppressed the trehalose synthesis related genes (TPSs, TPPB) expression, promoted the trehalose metabolism of gene expression (TRE1), in addition the transgenic plants alleviated photosynthetic product distribution imbalance (aboveground and underground parts), and enhanced root growth. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence assays revealed the interaction between PpSnRK1α and peach basic domain leucine zipper transcription factor 11 (PpbZIP11), a key transcription factor of trehalose metabolism, in the nucleus. To summarize, PpSnRK1α overexpression improved bZIP11 transcriptional activity and regulated trehalose metabolism to protect the plants against trehalose-induced damage. This study preliminarily explained the mechanism of SnRK1 regulating trehalose metabolism balance in plants, which laid a foundation for further understanding of energy metabolism and function of SnRK1 in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yang Ling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Wenying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Futian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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Gemmer MR, Richter C, Schmutzer T, Raorane ML, Junker B, Pillen K, Maurer A. Genome-wide association study on metabolite accumulation in a wild barley NAM population reveals natural variation in sugar metabolism. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246510. [PMID: 33592061 PMCID: PMC7886226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites play a key role in plants as they are routing plant developmental processes and are involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Their analysis can offer important information on the underlying processes. Regarding plant breeding, metabolite concentrations can be used as biomarkers instead of or in addition to genetic markers to predict important phenotypic traits (metabolic prediction). In this study, we applied a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a wild barley nested association mapping (NAM) population to identify metabolic quantitative trait loci (mQTL). A set of approximately 130 metabolites, measured at early and late sampling dates, was analysed. For four metabolites from the early and six metabolites from the late sampling date significant mQTL (grouped as 19 mQTL for the early and 25 mQTL for the late sampling date) were found. Interestingly, all of those metabolites could be classified as sugars. Sugars are known to be involved in signalling, plant growth and plant development. Sugar-related genes, encoding mainly sugar transporters, have been identified as candidate genes for most of the mQTL. Moreover, several of them co-localized with known flowering time genes like Ppd-H1, HvELF3, Vrn-H1, Vrn-H2 and Vrn-H3, hinting on the known role of sugars in flowering. Furthermore, numerous disease resistance-related genes were detected, pointing to the signalling function of sugars in plant resistance. An mQTL on chromosome 1H in the region of 13 Mbp to 20 Mbp stood out, that alone explained up to 65% of the phenotypic variation of a single metabolite. Analysis of family-specific effects within the diverse NAM population showed the available natural genetic variation regarding sugar metabolites due to different wild alleles. The study represents a step towards a better understanding of the genetic components of metabolite accumulation, especially sugars, thereby linking them to biological functions in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Ruben Gemmer
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Chris Richter
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmutzer
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Manish L. Raorane
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Björn Junker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Chair of Plant Breeding, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Zhang W, Peng K, Cui F, Wang D, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Yu N, Wang Y, Zeng D, Wang Y, Cheng Z, Zhang K. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase OsCKX11 coordinates source and sink relationship in rice by simultaneous regulation of leaf senescence and grain number. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:335-350. [PMID: 33448635 PMCID: PMC7868977 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The flag leaf and grain belong to the source and sink, respectively, of cereals, and both have a bearing on final yield. Premature leaf senescence significantly reduces the photosynthetic rate and severely lowers crop yield. Cytokinins play important roles in leaf senescence and determine grain number. Here, we characterized the roles of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase OsCKX11 in delaying leaf senescence, increasing grain number, and coordinately regulating source and sink. OsCKX11 was predominantly expressed in the roots, leaves, and panicles and was strongly induced by abscisic acid and leaf senescence. Recombinant OsCKX11 protein catalysed the degradation of various types of cytokinins but showed preference for trans-zeatin and cis-zeatin. Cytokinin levels were significantly increased in the flag leaves of osckx11 mutant compared to those of the wild type (WT). In the osckx11 mutant, the ABA-biosynthesizing genes were down-regulated and the ABA-degrading genes were up-regulated, thereby reducing the ABA levels relative to the WT. Thus, OsCKX11 functions antagonistically between cytokinins and ABA in leaf senescence. Moreover, osckx11 presented with significantly increased branch, tiller, and grain number compared with the WT. Collectively, our findings reveal that OsCKX11 simultaneously regulates photosynthesis and grain number, which may provide new insights into leaf senescence and crop molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Kaixuan Peng
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Fubin Cui
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Dongling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jiangzhe Zhao
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Ningning Yu
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandongChina
| | - Zhukuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Department of BiologyZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic PlantsCollege of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiangChina
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Convergence and Divergence of Sugar and Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031282. [PMID: 33525430 PMCID: PMC7865218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants adjust their growth and development through a sophisticated regulatory system integrating endogenous and exogenous cues. Many of them rely on intricate crosstalk between nutrients and hormones, an effective way of coupling nutritional and developmental information and ensuring plant survival. Sugars in their different forms such as sucrose, glucose, fructose and trehalose-6-P and the hormone family of cytokinins (CKs) are major regulators of the shoot and root functioning throughout the plant life cycle. While their individual roles have been extensively investigated, their combined effects have unexpectedly received little attention, resulting in many gaps in current knowledge. The present review provides an overview of the relationship between sugars and CKs signaling in the main developmental transition during the plant lifecycle, including seed development, germination, seedling establishment, root and shoot branching, leaf senescence, and flowering. These new insights highlight the diversity and the complexity of the crosstalk between sugars and CKs and raise several questions that will open onto further investigations of these regulation networks orchestrating plant growth and development.
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Zhai Z, Keereetaweep J, Liu H, Feil R, Lunn JE, Shanklin J. Expression of a Bacterial Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase otsA Increases Oil Accumulation in Plant Seeds and Vegetative Tissues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:656962. [PMID: 33777087 PMCID: PMC7988188 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.656962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that exogenous trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) treatment stabilized WRINKLED1 (WRI1), a master transcriptional regulator of fatty acid (FA) synthesis and increased total FA content in Brassica napus (B. napus) embryo suspension cell culture. Here, we explore Arabidopsis lines heterologously expressing the Escherichia coli T6P synthase (otsA) or T6P phosphatase (otsB) to refine our understanding regarding the role of T6P in regulating fatty acid synthesis both in seeds and vegetative tissues. Arabidopsis 35S:otsA transgenic seeds showed an increase of 13% in fatty acid content compared to those of wild type (WT), while seeds of 35:otsB transgenic seeds showed a reduction of 12% in fatty acid content compared to WT. Expression of otsB significantly reduced the level of WRI1 and expression of its target genes in developing seeds. Like Arabidopsis seeds constitutively expressing otsA, transient expression of otsA in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in strongly elevated levels of T6P. This was accompanied by an increase of 29% in de novo fatty acid synthesis rate, a 2.3-fold increase in triacylglycerol (TAG) and a 20% increase in total fatty acid content relative to empty vector (EV) controls. Taken together, these data support the heterologous expression of otsA as an approach to increasing TAG accumulation in plant seeds and vegetative tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Zhai
- Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | | | - Hui Liu
- Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John E. Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - John Shanklin
- Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: John Shanklin,
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Paul MJ, Watson A, Griffiths CA. Trehalose 6-phosphate signalling and impact on crop yield. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:2127-2137. [PMID: 33005918 PMCID: PMC7609034 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The domestication and breeding of crops has been a major achievement for mankind enabling the development of stable societies and civilisation. Crops have become more productive per unit area of cultivated land over the course of domestication supporting a current global population of 7.8 billion. Food security crops such as wheat and maize have seen large changes compared with early progenitors. Amongst processes that have been altered in these crops, is the allocation of carbon resources to support larger grain yield (grain number and size). In wheat, reduction in stem height has enabled diversion of resources from stems to ears. This has freed up carbon to support greater grain yield. Green revolution genes responsible for reductions in stem height are known, but a unifying mechanism for the active regulation of carbon resource allocation towards and within sinks has however been lacking. The trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) signalling system has emerged as a mechanism of resource allocation and has been implicated in several crop traits including assimilate partitioning and improvement of yield in different environments. Understanding the mode of action of T6P through the SnRK1 protein kinase regulatory system is providing a basis for a unifying mechanism controlling whole-plant resource allocation and source-sink interactions in crops. Latest results show it is likely that the T6P/SnRK1 pathway can be harnessed for further improvements such as grain number and grain filling traits and abiotic stress resilience through targeted gene editing, breeding and chemical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Paul
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Amy Watson
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Cara A. Griffiths
- Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, U.K
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Zhang Y, Ren J, Wang W, Chen B, Li E, Chen S. Siderophore and indolic acid production by Paenibacillus triticisoli BJ-18 and their plant growth-promoting and antimicrobe abilities. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9403. [PMID: 32742769 PMCID: PMC7367057 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Paenibacillus triticisoli BJ-18, a N2-fixing bacterium, is able to promote plant growth, but the secondary metabolites that may play a role in promoting plant growth have never been characterized. In this study, untargeted metabolomics profiling of P. triticisoli BJ-18 indicated the existence of 101 known compounds, including N2-acetyl ornithine, which is the precursor of siderophores, plant growth regulators such as trehalose 6-phosphate, betaine and trigonelline, and other bioactive molecules such as oxymatrine, diosmetin, luotonin A, (-)-caryophyllene oxide and tetrahydrocurcumin. In addition, six compounds were also isolated from P. triticisoli BJ-18 using a combination of silica gel chromatography, sephadex LH-20, octadecyl silane (ODS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The compound structures were further analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Mass Spectrometry (MS), and Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD). The six compounds included three classical siderophore fusarinines identified as deshydroxylferritriacetylfusigen, desferritriacetylfusigen, and triacetylfusigen, and three indolic acids identified as paenibacillic acid A, 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA), and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA). Both deshydroxylferritriacetylfusigen and paenibacillic acid A have new structures. Fusarinines, which normally occur in fungi, were isolated from bacterium for the first time in this study. Both siderophores (compounds 1 and 2) showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, but did not show obvious inhibitory activity against yeast Candida albicans, whereas triacetylfusigen (compound 3) showed no antibiosis activity against these test microorganisms. Paenibacillic acid A, IAA, and IPA were shown to promote the growth of plant shoots and roots, and paenibacillic acid A also showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Our study demonstrates that siderophores and indolic acids may play an important role in plant growth promotion by P. triticisoli BJ-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baosong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sanfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Lin Q, Wang S, Dao Y, Wang J, Wang K. Arabidopsis thaliana trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase gene TPPI enhances drought tolerance by regulating stomatal apertures. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4285-4297. [PMID: 32242234 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Transpiration occurs through stomata. The alteration of stomatal apertures in response to drought stress is an important process associated with water use efficiency (WUE). Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) family genes have been reported to participate in adjustment of stomatal aperture. However, there have been no reports of the trehalose metabolism pathway genes improving WUE, and the upstream signalling pathway modulating these genes is not clear. Here, we demonstrate that a member of the TPP gene family, AtTPPI, confers drought resistance and improves WUE by decreasing stomatal apertures and improving root architecture. The reduced expression of AtTPPI caused a drought-sensitive phenotype, while its overexpression significantly increased drought tolerance. Abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure experiments confirmed that AtTPPI mutation increased the stomatal aperture compared with that of wild-type plants; in contrast, overexpression plants had smaller stomatal apertures than those of wild-type plants. Moreover, AtTPPI mutation also caused stunted primary root length and compromised auxin transport, while overexpression plants had longer primary root lengths. Yeast one-hybrid assays showed that ABA-responsive element-binding factor1 (ABF1), ABF2, and ABF4 directly regulated AtTPPI expression. In summary, the way in which AtTPPI responds to drought stress suggests that AtTPPI-mediated stomatal regulation is an important mechanism to cope with drought stress and improve WUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yihang Dao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianyong Wang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Xiao L, Jiang S, Huang P, Chen F, Wang X, Cheng Z, Miao Y, Liu L, Searle I, Liu C, Wu XX, Fu YF, Chen Q, Zhang XM. Two Nucleoporin98 homologous genes jointly participate in the regulation of starch degradation to repress senescence in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:292. [PMID: 32586274 PMCID: PMC7318766 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starch is synthesized during daylight for temporary storage in leaves and then degraded during the subsequent night to support plant growth and development. Impairment of starch degradation leads to stunted growth, even senescence and death. The nuclear pore complex is involved in many cellular processes, but its relationship with starch degradation has been unclear until now. We previously identified that two Nucleoporin98 genes (Nup98a and Nup98b) redundantly regulate flowering via the CONSTANS (CO)-independent pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The double mutant also shows severe senescence phenotypes. RESULTS We find that Nucleoporin 98 participates in the regulation of sugar metabolism in leaves and is also involved in senescence regulation in Arabidopsis. We show that Nup98a and Nup98b function redundantly at different stages of starch degradation. The nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant accumulates more starch, showing a severe early senescence phenotype compared to wild type plants. The expression of marker genes related to starch degradation is impaired in the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant, and marker genes of carbon starvation and senescence express their products earlier and in higher abundance than in wild type plants, suggesting that abnormalities in energy metabolism are the main cause of senescence in the double mutant. Addition of sucrose to the growth medium rescues early senescence phenotypes of the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 mutant. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence for a novel role of the nuclear pore complex in energy metabolism related to growth and development, in which Nup98 functions in starch degradation to control growth regulation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Penghui Huang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fulu Chen
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Wang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Liangyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Iain Searle
- School of Biological Sciences, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yong-Fu Fu
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
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50
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Wang Y, Zhao H, Liu C, Cui G, Qu L, Bao M, Wang J, Chan Z, Wang Y. Integrating physiological and metabolites analysis to identify ethylene involvement in petal senescence in Tulipa gesneriana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:121-131. [PMID: 32062332 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Flower senescence is classified into ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent manners and determines the flower longevity which is valuable for ornamental plants. However, the manner of petal senescence in tulip is still less defined. In this study, we characterized the physiological indexes in the process of petal senescence, as well as metabolic and ethylene responses in tulip cultivar 'American Dream', and further identified the role of ethylene biosynthesis genes TgACS by transgenic and transient assays. Primary metabolites profiling revealed that sugars, amino acids and organic acids preferentially accumulated in senescent petals. Additionally, senescence-associated genes were identified and significantly up-regulated, coupled with increased ROS contents, rapid water loss and accelerated cell membrane breakdown. Moreover, ethylene production was stimulated as evidenced by increasing in ACS activity and ethylene biosynthesis-related genes expression. Exogenous treatment of cutting flowers with 1-MCP or ethephon resulted in delayed or enhanced petal senescence, respectively. Transient down-regulation of TgACS by VIGS assay in tulip petals delayed senescence, while over-expressed TgACS1 in tobacco promoted leaf senescence. Taken together, this study provides evidences to certify ethylene roles and TgACS functions during flower senescence in tulip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangfen Cui
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lianwei Qu
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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