1
|
Rodriguez-Granados NY, Ramirez-Prado JS, Brik-Chaouche R, An J, Manza-Mianza D, Sircar S, Troadec C, Hanique M, Soulard C, Costa R, Dogimont C, Latrasse D, Raynaud C, Boualem A, Benhamed M, Bendahmane A. CmLHP1 proteins play a key role in plant development and sex determination in melon (Cucumis melo). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:1213-1228. [PMID: 34897855 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In monoecious melon (Cucumis melo), sex is determined by the differential expression of sex determination genes (SDGs) and adoption of sex-specific transcriptional programs. Histone modifications such as H3K27me3 have been previously shown to be a hallmark associated to unisexual flower development in melon; yet, no genetic approaches have been conducted for elucidating the roles of H3K27me3 writers, readers, and erasers in this process. Here we show that melon homologs to Arabidopsis LHP1, CmLHP1A and B, redundantly control several aspects of plant development, including sex expression. Cmlhp1ab double mutants displayed an overall loss and redistribution of H3K27me3, leading to a deregulation of genes involved in hormone responses, plant architecture, and flower development. Consequently, double mutants display pleiotropic phenotypes and, interestingly, a general increase of the male:female ratio. We associated this phenomenon with a general deregulation of some hormonal response genes and a local activation of male-promoting SDGs and MADS-box transcription factors. Altogether, these results reveal a novel function for CmLHP1 proteins in maintenance of monoecy and provide novel insights into the polycomb-mediated epigenomic regulation of sex lability in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yaneth Rodriguez-Granados
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Juan Sebastian Ramirez-Prado
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rim Brik-Chaouche
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jing An
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Deborah Manza-Mianza
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sanchari Sircar
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Christelle Troadec
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Melissa Hanique
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Camille Soulard
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Rafael Costa
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Catherine Dogimont
- INRA, UR 1052, Unité de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, BP 94, F-84143, Montfavet, France
| | - David Latrasse
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Cécile Raynaud
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Adnane Boualem
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Moussa Benhamed
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Abdelhafid Bendahmane
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, University Paris-Sud, University of Evry, University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, University of Paris-Saclay, Batiment, 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vijayanathan M, Trejo-Arellano MG, Mozgová I. Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in Eukaryotes-An Evolutionary Perspective. EPIGENOMES 2022; 6:3. [PMID: 35076495 PMCID: PMC8788455 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) represents a group of evolutionarily conserved multi-subunit complexes that repress gene transcription by introducing trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3). PRC2 activity is of key importance for cell identity specification and developmental phase transitions in animals and plants. The composition, biochemistry, and developmental function of PRC2 in animal and flowering plant model species are relatively well described. Recent evidence demonstrates the presence of PRC2 complexes in various eukaryotic supergroups, suggesting conservation of the complex and its function. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of PRC2-mediated repression in different representatives of eukaryotic supergroups with a focus on the green lineage. By comparison of PRC2 in different eukaryotes, we highlight the possible common and diverged features suggesting evolutionary implications and outline emerging questions and directions for future research of polycomb repression and its evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Vijayanathan
- Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (M.G.T.-A.)
| | - María Guadalupe Trejo-Arellano
- Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (M.G.T.-A.)
| | - Iva Mozgová
- Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (M.G.T.-A.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yoon J, Jeong HJ, Baek G, Yang J, Peng X, Tun W, Kim ST, An G, Cho LH. A VIN3-like Protein OsVIL1 Is Involved in Grain Yield and Biomass in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:83. [PMID: 35009085 PMCID: PMC8747509 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In chromatin remodeling, the post-translational modification of histone proteins is mediated by multimeric protein complexes. VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE3 (VIN3) forms a complex with Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), which mediates the trimethylation of H3K27 to repress target gene expression. In rice, four genes (OsVIL1-OsVIL4) encoding the VIN3-like proteins are expressed ubiquitously in various tissues. Null mutants of osvil2 display pleiotropic phenotypes such as altered flowering time, floral organ defects, and reduced tiller size. In contrast, osvil1 mutants did not show significant phenotypes except in fertilization compared with the wild type. However, transgenic plants overexpressing OsVIL1 showed phenotypes of increased biomass and grain yield. Cross-sections of the basal region of elongating stems revealed that the increased biomass was mediated by inducing cell proliferation in the meristem. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that OsVIL1 repressed expression of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase gene (OsCKX2) by binding to the promoter and genic regions of OsCKX2. We also observed that OsVIL1 modified the levels of H3K27me3 in the OsCKX2 chromatin. Because OsCKX2 encodes an enzyme that degrades active cytokinin, we conclude that OsVIL1 functions in the regulation of endogenous active cytokinin levels, thereby increasing plant height and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmi Yoon
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (J.Y.); (G.B.); (S.-T.K.)
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
| | - Hee-Joong Jeong
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
| | - Gibeom Baek
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (J.Y.); (G.B.); (S.-T.K.)
| | - Jungil Yang
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
| | - Xin Peng
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Win Tun
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
| | - Sun-Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (J.Y.); (G.B.); (S.-T.K.)
| | - Gynheung An
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (H.-J.J.); (J.Y.); (X.P.); (W.T.)
| | - Lae-Hyeon Cho
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea; (J.Y.); (G.B.); (S.-T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahtha SK, Purama RK, Yadav G. StAR-Related Lipid Transfer (START) Domains Across the Rice Pangenome Reveal How Ontogeny Recapitulated Selection Pressures During Rice Domestication. Front Genet 2021; 12:737194. [PMID: 34567086 PMCID: PMC8455945 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.737194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain containing proteins or START proteins, encoded by a plant amplified family of evolutionary conserved genes, play important roles in lipid binding, transport, signaling, and modulation of transcriptional activity in the plant kingdom, but there is limited information on their evolution, duplication, and associated sub- or neo-functionalization. Here we perform a comprehensive investigation of this family across the rice pangenome, using 10 wild and cultivated varieties. Conservation of START domains across all 10 rice genomes suggests low dispensability and critical functional roles for this family, further supported by chromosomal mapping, duplication and domain structure patterns. Analysis of synteny highlights a preponderance of segmental and dispersed duplication among STARTs, while transcriptomic investigation of the main cultivated variety Oryza sativa var. japonica reveals sub-functionalization amongst genes family members in terms of preferential expression across various developmental stages and anatomical parts, such as flowering. Ka/Ks ratios confirmed strong negative/purifying selection on START family evolution, implying that ontogeny recapitulated selection pressures during rice domestication. Our findings provide evidence for high conservation of START genes across rice varieties in numbers, as well as in their stringent regulation of Ka/Ks ratio, and showed strong functional dependency of plants on START proteins for their growth and reproductive development. We believe that our findings advance the limited knowledge about plant START domain diversity and evolution, and pave the way for more detailed assessment of individual structural classes of START proteins among plants and their domain specific substrate preferences, to complement existing studies in animals and yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet Kumar Mahtha
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Kiran Purama
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Gitanjali Yadav
- Computational Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng X, Pan M, E Z, Zhou Y, Niu B, Chen C. The maternally expressed polycomb group gene OsEMF2a is essential for endosperm cellularization and imprinting in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100092. [PMID: 33511344 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cellularization is a key event in endosperm development. Polycomb group (PcG) genes, such as Fertilization-Independent Seed 2 (FIS2), are vital for the syncytium-to-cellularization transition in Arabidopsis plants. In this study, we found that OsEMF2a, a rice homolog of the Arabidopsis PcG gene Embryonic Flower2 (EMF2), plays a role similar to that of FIS2 in regard to seed development, although there is limited sequence similarity between the genes. Delayed cellularization was observed in osemf2a, associated with an unusual activation of type I MADS-box genes. The cell cycle was persistently activated in osemf2a caryopses, which was likely caused by cytokinin overproduction. However, the overaccumulation of auxin was not found to be associated with the delayed cellularization. As OsEMF2a is a maternally expressed gene in the endosperm, a paternally inherited functional allele was unable to recover the maternal defects of OsEMF2a. Many imprinted rice genes were deregulated in the defective hybrid seeds of osemf2a (♀)/9311 (♂) (m9). The paternal expression bias of some paternally expressed genes was disrupted in m9 due to either the activation of maternal alleles or the repression of paternal alleles. These findings suggest that OsEMF2a-PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 is necessary for endosperm cellularization and genomic imprinting in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Meiyao Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguo E
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Baixiao Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng X, Pan M, E Z, Zhou Y, Niu B, Chen C. The maternally expressed polycomb group gene OsEMF2a is essential for endosperm cellularization and imprinting in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100092. [PMID: 33511344 PMCID: PMC7816080 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellularization is a key event in endosperm development. Polycomb group (PcG) genes, such as Fertilization-Independent Seed 2 (FIS2), are vital for the syncytium-to-cellularization transition in Arabidopsis plants. In this study, we found that OsEMF2a, a rice homolog of the Arabidopsis PcG gene Embryonic Flower2 (EMF2), plays a role similar to that of FIS2 in regard to seed development, although there is limited sequence similarity between the genes. Delayed cellularization was observed in osemf2a, associated with an unusual activation of type I MADS-box genes. The cell cycle was persistently activated in osemf2a caryopses, which was likely caused by cytokinin overproduction. However, the overaccumulation of auxin was not found to be associated with the delayed cellularization. As OsEMF2a is a maternally expressed gene in the endosperm, a paternally inherited functional allele was unable to recover the maternal defects of OsEMF2a. Many imprinted rice genes were deregulated in the defective hybrid seeds of osemf2a (♀)/9311 (♂) (m9). The paternal expression bias of some paternally expressed genes was disrupted in m9 due to either the activation of maternal alleles or the repression of paternal alleles. These findings suggest that OsEMF2a-PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 is necessary for endosperm cellularization and genomic imprinting in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Meiyao Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguo E
- Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Baixiao Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ni J, Ma X, Feng Y, Tian Q, Wang Y, Xu N, Tang J, Wang G. Updating and interaction of polycomb repressive complex 2 components in maize (Zea mays). PLANTA 2019; 250:573-588. [PMID: 31127375 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The information on core components in maize polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) are updated at a genome-wide scale, and the protein-protein interaction networks of PRC2 components are further provided in maize. The evolutionarily conserved polycomb group (PcG) proteins form multi-subunits polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) that repress gene expression via chromatin condensation. In Arabidopsis, three distinct PRC2s have been identified, each determining a specific developmental program with partly functional redundancy. However, the core components and biological functions of PRC2 in cereals remain obscure. Here, we updated the information on maize PRC2 components at a genome-wide scale. Maize PRC2 subunits are highly duplicated, with five MSI1, three E(z), two ESC and two Su(z)12 homologs. ZmFIE1 is preferentially expressed in the endosperm, whereas the remaining are broadly expressed in many tissues. ZmCLF/MEZ1 and ZmFIE1 are maternally expressed imprinted genes, in contrast to the paternal-dominantly expression of ZmFIE2 in the endosperm. In maize, E(z) members likely provide a scaffold for assembling PRC2 complexes, whereas Su(z)12 and p55/MSI1-like proteins together reinforce the complex; ESC members probably determine its specificity: FIE1-PRC2 regulates endosperm cell development, whereas FIE2-PRC2 controls other cell types. The duplicated Brassicaceae-specific MEA and FIS2 also directly interact with maize PRC2 members. Together, this study establishes a roadmap for protein-protein interactions of maize PRC2 components, providing new insights into their functions in the growth and development of cereals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Ni
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xuexia Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Qiuzhen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yongyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ningkun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gibbs DJ, Tedds HM, Labandera AM, Bailey M, White MD, Hartman S, Sprigg C, Mogg SL, Osborne R, Dambire C, Boeckx T, Paling Z, Voesenek LACJ, Flashman E, Holdsworth MJ. Oxygen-dependent proteolysis regulates the stability of angiosperm polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit VERNALIZATION 2. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5438. [PMID: 30575749 PMCID: PMC6303374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) regulates epigenetic gene repression in eukaryotes. Mechanisms controlling its developmental specificity and signal-responsiveness are poorly understood. Here, we identify an oxygen-sensitive N-terminal (N-) degron in the plant PRC2 subunit VERNALIZATION(VRN) 2, a homolog of animal Su(z)12, that promotes its degradation via the N-end rule pathway. We provide evidence that this N-degron arose early during angiosperm evolution via gene duplication and N-terminal truncation, facilitating expansion of PRC2 function in flowering plants. We show that proteolysis via the N-end rule pathway prevents ectopic VRN2 accumulation, and that hypoxia and long-term cold exposure lead to increased VRN2 abundance, which we propose may be due to inhibition of VRN2 turnover via its N-degron. Furthermore, we identify an overlap in the transcriptional responses to hypoxia and prolonged cold, and show that VRN2 promotes tolerance to hypoxia. Our work reveals a mechanism for post-translational regulation of VRN2 stability that could potentially link environmental inputs to the epigenetic control of plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Gibbs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Hannah M Tedds
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Mark Bailey
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mark D White
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sjon Hartman
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Colleen Sprigg
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sophie L Mogg
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rory Osborne
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Charlene Dambire
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Tinne Boeckx
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Zachary Paling
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Laurentius A C J Voesenek
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Emily Flashman
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bräuning S, Catanach A, Lord JM, Bicknell R, Macknight RC. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the wild-type model apomict Hieracium praealtum and its loss of parthenogenesis (lop) mutant. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:206. [PMID: 30249189 PMCID: PMC6154955 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asexual seed formation (apomixis) has been observed in diverse plant families but is rare in crop plants. The generation of apomictic crops would revolutionize agriculture, as clonal seed production provides a low cost and efficient way to produce hybrid seed. Hieracium (Asteraceae) is a model system for studying the molecular components of gametophytic apomixis (asexual seed reproduction). RESULTS In this study, a reference transcriptome was produced from apomictic Hieracium undergoing the key apomictic events of apomeiosis, parthenogenesis and autonomous endosperm development. In addition, transcriptome sequences from pre-pollination and post-pollination stages were generated from a loss of parthenogenesis (lop) mutant accession that exhibits loss of parthenogenesis and autonomous endosperm development. The transcriptome is composed of 147,632 contigs, 50% of which were annotated with orthologous genes and their probable function. The transcriptome was used to identify transcripts differentially expressed during apomictic and pollination dependent (lop) seed development. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of differentially expressed transcripts showed that an important difference between apomictic and pollination dependent seed development was the expression of genes relating to epigenetic gene regulation. Genes that mark key developmental stages, i.e. aposporous embryo sac development and seed development, were also identified through their enhanced expression at those stages. CONCLUSION The production of a comprehensive floral reference transcriptome for Hieracium provides a valuable resource for research into the molecular basis of apomixis and the identification of the genes underlying the LOP locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Bräuning
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland St, Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, 464 Great King St, Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
| | - Andrew Catanach
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Gerald St, Lincoln, 7608 New Zealand
| | - Janice M. Lord
- Department of Botany, University of Otago, 464 Great King St, Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
| | - Ross Bicknell
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Gerald St, Lincoln, 7608 New Zealand
| | - Richard C. Macknight
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, 710 Cumberland St, Dunedin, 9016 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|