1
|
Fu H, Zhong J, Zhao J, Huo L, Wang C, Ma D, Pan W, Sun L, Ren Z, Fan T, Wang Z, Wang W, Lei X, Yu G, Li J, Zhu Y, Geelen D, Liu B. Ultraviolet attenuates centromere-mediated meiotic genome stability and alters gametophytic ploidy consistency in flowering plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:2214-2234. [PMID: 39039772 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation influences development and genome stability in organisms; however, its impact on meiosis, a special cell division essential for the delivery of genetic information across generations in eukaryotes, has not yet been elucidated. In this study, by performing cytogenetic studies, we reported that UV radiation does not damage meiotic chromosome integrity but attenuates centromere-mediated chromosome stability and induces unreduced gametes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that functional centromere-specific histone 3 (CENH3) is required for obligate crossover formation and plays a role in the protection of sister chromatid cohesion under UV stress. Moreover, we found that UV specifically alters the orientation and organization of spindles and phragmoplasts at meiosis II, resulting in meiotic restitution and unreduced gametes. We determined that UV-induced meiotic restitution does not rely on the UV Resistance Locus8-mediated UV perception and the Tapetal Development and Function1- and Aborted Microspores-dependent tapetum development, but possibly occurs via altered JASON function and downregulated Parallel Spindle1. This study provides evidence that UV radiation influences meiotic genome stability and gametophytic ploidy consistency in flowering plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Li Huo
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Dexuan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Ziming Ren
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Tianyi Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ze Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoning Lei
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guanghui Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Danny Geelen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bray SM, Hämälä T, Zhou M, Busoms S, Fischer S, Desjardins SD, Mandáková T, Moore C, Mathers TC, Cowan L, Monnahan P, Koch J, Wolf EM, Lysak MA, Kolar F, Higgins JD, Koch MA, Yant L. Kinetochore and ionomic adaptation to whole-genome duplication in Cochlearia shows evolutionary convergence in three autopolyploids. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114576. [PMID: 39116207 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplication (WGD) occurs in all kingdoms and impacts speciation, domestication, and cancer outcome. However, doubled DNA management can be challenging for nascent polyploids. The study of within-species polyploidy (autopolyploidy) permits focus on this DNA management aspect, decoupling it from the confounding effects of hybridization (in allopolyploid hybrids). How is autopolyploidy tolerated, and how do young polyploids stabilize? Here, we introduce a powerful model to address this: the genus Cochlearia, which has experienced many polyploidization events. We assess meiosis and other polyploid-relevant phenotypes, generate a chromosome-scale genome, and sequence 113 individuals from 33 ploidy-contrasting populations. We detect an obvious autopolyploidy-associated selection signal at kinetochore components and ion transporters. Modeling the selected alleles, we detail evidence of the kinetochore complex mediating adaptation to polyploidy. We compare candidates in independent autopolyploids across three genera separated by 40 million years, highlighting a common function at the process and gene levels, indicating evolutionary flexibility in response to polyploidy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sian M Bray
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; The John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Tuomas Hämälä
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Min Zhou
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Silvia Busoms
- The John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; Department of Plant Physiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sina Fischer
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stuart D Desjardins
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Chris Moore
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Thomas C Mathers
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Laura Cowan
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | - Eva M Wolf
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin A Lysak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kolar
- Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague, Czech Republic; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - James D Higgins
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Marcus A Koch
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Levi Yant
- The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng X, Xiao Y, Tang X, Liu B, Lin H. Arabidopsis α-Aurora kinase plays a role in cytokinesis through regulating MAP65-3 association with microtubules at phragmoplast midzone. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3779. [PMID: 38710684 PMCID: PMC11074315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-Aurora kinase is a crucial regulator of spindle microtubule organization during mitosis in plants. Here, we report a post-mitotic role for α-Aurora in reorganizing the phragmoplast microtubule array. In Arabidopsis thaliana, α-Aurora relocated from spindle poles to the phragmoplast midzone, where it interacted with the microtubule cross-linker MAP65-3. In a hypomorphic α-Aurora mutant, MAP65-3 was detected on spindle microtubules, followed by a diffuse association pattern across the phragmoplast midzone. Simultaneously, phragmoplast microtubules remained belatedly in a solid disk array before transitioning to a ring shape. Microtubules at the leading edge of the matured phragmoplast were often disengaged, accompanied by conspicuous retentions of MAP65-3 at the phragmoplast interior edge. Specifically, α-Aurora phosphorylated two residues towards the C-terminus of MAP65-3. Mutation of these residues to alanines resulted in an increased association of MAP65-3 with microtubules within the phragmoplast. Consequently, the expansion of the phragmoplast was notably slower compared to wild-type cells or cells expressing a phospho-mimetic variant of MAP65-3. Moreover, mimicking phosphorylation reinstated disrupted MAP65-3 behaviors in plants with compromised α-Aurora function. Overall, our findings reveal a mechanism in which α-Aurora facilitates cytokinesis progression through phosphorylation-dependent restriction of MAP65-3 associating with microtubules at the phragmoplast midzone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoya Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naish M, Henderson IR. The structure, function, and evolution of plant centromeres. Genome Res 2024; 34:161-178. [PMID: 38485193 PMCID: PMC10984392 DOI: 10.1101/gr.278409.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Centromeres are essential regions of eukaryotic chromosomes responsible for the formation of kinetochore complexes, which connect to spindle microtubules during cell division. Notably, although centromeres maintain a conserved function in chromosome segregation, the underlying DNA sequences are diverse both within and between species and are predominantly repetitive in nature. The repeat content of centromeres includes high-copy tandem repeats (satellites), and/or specific families of transposons. The functional region of the centromere is defined by loading of a specific histone 3 variant (CENH3), which nucleates the kinetochore and shows dynamic regulation. In many plants, the centromeres are composed of satellite repeat arrays that are densely DNA methylated and invaded by centrophilic retrotransposons. In some cases, the retrotransposons become the sites of CENH3 loading. We review the structure of plant centromeres, including monocentric, holocentric, and metapolycentric architectures, which vary in the number and distribution of kinetochore attachment sites along chromosomes. We discuss how variation in CENH3 loading can drive genome elimination during early cell divisions of plant embryogenesis. We review how epigenetic state may influence centromere identity and discuss evolutionary models that seek to explain the paradoxically rapid change of centromere sequences observed across species, including the potential roles of recombination. We outline putative modes of selection that could act within the centromeres, as well as the role of repeats in driving cycles of centromere evolution. Although our primary focus is on plant genomes, we draw comparisons with animal and fungal centromeres to derive a eukaryote-wide perspective of centromere structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Naish
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valero-Rubira I, Vallés MP, Echávarri B, Fustero P, Costar MA, Castillo AM. New Epigenetic Modifier Inhibitors Enhance Microspore Embryogenesis in Bread Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:772. [PMID: 38592809 PMCID: PMC10975478 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The use of doubled haploid (DH) technology enables the development of new varieties of plants in less time than traditional breeding methods. In microspore embryogenesis (ME), stress treatment triggers microspores towards an embryogenic pathway, resulting in the production of DH plants. Epigenetic modifiers have been successfully used to increase ME efficiency in a number of crops. In wheat, only the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) has been shown to be effective. In this study, inhibitors of epigenetic modifiers acting on histone methylation (chaetocin and CARM1 inhibitor) and histone phosphorylation (aurora kinase inhibitor II (AUKI-II) and hesperadin) were screened to determine their potential in ME induction in high- and mid-low-responding cultivars. The use of chaetocin and AUKI-II resulted in a higher percentage of embryogenic structures than controls in both cultivars, but only AUKI-II was superior to TSA. In order to evaluate the potential of AUKI-II in terms of increasing the number of green DH plants, short and long application strategies were tested during the mannitol stress treatment. The application of 0.8 µM AUKI-II during a long stress treatment resulted in a higher percentage of chromosome doubling compared to control DMSO in both cultivars. This concentration produced 33% more green DH plants than the control in the mid-low-responding cultivar, but did not affect the final ME efficiency in a high-responding cultivar. This study has identified new epigenetic modifiers whose use could be promising for increasing the efficiency of other systems that require cellular reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana María Castillo
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Spanish National Research Council (EEAD-CSIC), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.V.-R.); (M.P.V.); (B.E.); (P.F.); (M.A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng X, He Y, Tang X, Liu X, Lee YRJ, Liu B, Lin H. A coadapted KNL1 and spindle assembly checkpoint axis orchestrates precise mitosis in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316583121. [PMID: 38170753 PMCID: PMC10786300 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316583121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The kinetochore scaffold 1 (KNL1) protein recruits spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins to ensure accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. Despite such a conserved function among eukaryotic organisms, its molecular architectures have rapidly evolved so that the functional mode of plant KNL1 is largely unknown. To understand how SAC signaling is regulated at kinetochores, we characterized the function of the KNL1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. The KNL1 protein was detected at kinetochores throughout the mitotic cell cycle, and null knl1 mutants were viable and fertile but exhibited severe vegetative and reproductive defects. The mutant cells showed serious impairments of chromosome congression and segregation, that resulted in the formation of micronuclei. In the absence of KNL1, core SAC proteins were no longer detected at the kinetochores, and the SAC was not activated by unattached or misaligned chromosomes. Arabidopsis KNL1 interacted with SAC essential proteins BUB3.3 and BMF3 through specific regions that were not found in known KNL1 proteins of other species, and recruited them independently to kinetochores. Furthermore, we demonstrated that upon ectopic expression, the KNL1 homolog from the dicot tomato was able to functionally substitute KNL1 in A. thaliana, while others from the monocot rice or moss associated with kinetochores but were not functional, as reflected by sequence variations of the kinetochore proteins in different plant lineages. Our results brought insights into understanding the rapid evolution and lineage-specific connection between KNL1 and the SAC signaling molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610064, China
| | - Ying He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610064, China
| | - Xiaoya Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610064, China
| | - Xianghong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610064, China
| | - Yuh-Ru Julie Lee
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kalashova J, Yang C, Li H, Long Y, Yu D, Zhang T, Liu X, Choudhry N, Shi Q, Allen TD. The Aurora kinase B relocation blocker LXY18 triggers mitotic catastrophe selectively in malignant cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293283. [PMID: 37903144 PMCID: PMC10615259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitotic regulator, Aurora kinase B (AURKB), is frequently overexpressed in malignancy and is a target for therapeutic intervention. The compound, LXY18, is a potent, orally available small molecule that inhibits the proper localization of AURKB during late mitosis, without affecting its kinase activity. In this study, we demonstrate that LXY18 elicits apoptosis in cancer cells derived from various indications, but not in non-transformed cell lines. The apoptosis is p53-independent, triggered by a prolonged mitotic arrest and occurs predominantly in mitosis. Some additional cells succumb post-mitotic slippage. We also demonstrate that cancer cell lines refractory to AURKB kinase inhibitors are sensitive to LXY18. The mitotic proteins MKLP2, NEK6, NEK7 and NEK9 are known regulators of AURKB localization during the onset of anaphase. LXY18 fails to inhibit the catalytic activity of these AURKB localization factors. Overall, our findings suggest a novel activity for LXY18 that produces a prolonged mitotic arrest and lethality in cancer cells, leaving non-transformed cells healthy. This new activity suggests that the compound may be a promising drug candidate for cancer treatment and that it can also be used as a tool compound to further dissect the regulatory network controlling AURKB localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kalashova
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglu Yang
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Long
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Duo Yu
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xumei Liu
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Namrta Choudhry
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Thaddeus D. Allen
- Division of Discovery Oncology, Chengdu Anticancer Bioscience, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Basic Cancer Research, J. Michael Bishop Institute of Cancer Research, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou KD, Zhang CX, Niu FR, Bai HC, Wu DD, Deng JC, Qian HY, Jiang YL, Ma W. Exploring Plant Meiosis: Insights from the Kinetochore Perspective. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7974-7995. [PMID: 37886947 PMCID: PMC10605258 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The central player for chromosome segregation in both mitosis and meiosis is the macromolecular kinetochore structure, which is assembled by >100 structural and regulatory proteins on centromere DNA. Kinetochores play a crucial role in cell division by connecting chromosomal DNA and microtubule polymers. This connection helps in the proper segregation and alignment of chromosomes. Additionally, kinetochores can act as a signaling hub, regulating the start of anaphase through the spindle assembly checkpoint, and controlling the movement of chromosomes during anaphase. However, the role of various kinetochore proteins in plant meiosis has only been recently elucidated, and these proteins differ in their functionality from those found in animals. In this review, our current knowledge of the functioning of plant kinetochore proteins in meiosis will be summarized. In addition, the functional similarities and differences of core kinetochore proteins in meiosis between plants and other species are discussed, and the potential applications of manipulating certain kinetochore genes in meiosis for breeding purposes are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Di Zhou
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (K.-D.Z.); (C.-X.Z.)
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.-C.B.); (J.-C.D.); (H.-Y.Q.); (Y.-L.J.)
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (K.-D.Z.); (C.-X.Z.)
| | - Fu-Rong Niu
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Hao-Chen Bai
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.-C.B.); (J.-C.D.); (H.-Y.Q.); (Y.-L.J.)
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Jia-Cheng Deng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.-C.B.); (J.-C.D.); (H.-Y.Q.); (Y.-L.J.)
| | - Hong-Yuan Qian
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.-C.B.); (J.-C.D.); (H.-Y.Q.); (Y.-L.J.)
| | - Yun-Lei Jiang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.-C.B.); (J.-C.D.); (H.-Y.Q.); (Y.-L.J.)
| | - Wei Ma
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (K.-D.Z.); (C.-X.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Molecular convergence by differential domain acquisition is a hallmark of chromosomal passenger complex evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200108119. [PMID: 36227914 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) is a heterotetrameric regulator of eukaryotic cell division, consisting of an Aurora-type kinase and a scaffold built of INCENP, Borealin, and Survivin. While most CPC components are conserved across eukaryotes, orthologs of the chromatin reader Survivin have previously only been found in animals and fungi, raising the question of how its essential role is carried out in other eukaryotes. By characterizing proteins that bind to the Arabidopsis Borealin ortholog, we identified BOREALIN RELATED INTERACTOR 1 and 2 (BORI1 and BORI2) as redundant Survivin-like proteins in the context of the CPC in plants. Loss of BORI function is lethal and a reduced expression of BORIs causes severe developmental defects. Similar to Survivin, we find that the BORIs bind to phosphorylated histone H3, relevant for correct CPC association with chromatin. However, this interaction is not mediated by a BIR domain as in previously recognized Survivin orthologs but by an FHA domain, a widely conserved phosphate-binding module. We find that the unifying criterion of Survivin-type proteins is a helix that facilitates complex formation with the other two scaffold components and that the addition of a phosphate-binding domain, necessary for concentration at the inner centromere, evolved in parallel in different eukaryotic groups. Using sensitive similarity searches, we find conservation of this helical domain between animals and plants and identify the missing CPC component in most eukaryotic supergroups. Interestingly, we also detect Survivin orthologs without a defined phosphate-binding domain, likely reflecting the situation in the last eukaryotic common ancestor.
Collapse
|
10
|
Peng Y, Zuo W, Zhou H, Miao F, Zhang Y, Qin Y, Liu Y, Long Y, Ma S. EXPLICIT-Kinase: A gene expression predictor for dissecting the functions of the Arabidopsis kinome. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1374-1393. [PMID: 35446465 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases regulate virtually all cellular processes, but it remains challenging to determine the functions of all protein kinases, collectively called the "kinome", in any species. We developed a computational approach called EXPLICIT-Kinase to predict the functions of the Arabidopsis kinome. Because the activities of many kinases can be regulated transcriptionally, their gene expression patterns provide clues to their functions. A universal gene expression predictor for Arabidopsis was constructed to predict the expression of 30,172 non-kinase genes based on the expression of 994 kinases. The model reconstituted highly accurate transcriptomes for diverse Arabidopsis samples. It identified the significant kinases as predictor kinases for predicting the expression of Arabidopsis genes and pathways. Strikingly, these predictor kinases were often regulators of related pathways, as exemplified by those involved in cytokinesis, tissue development, and stress responses. Comparative analyses revealed that portions of these predictor kinases are shared and conserved between Arabidopsis and maize. As an example, we identified a conserved predictor kinase, RAF6, from a stomatal movement module. We verified that RAF6 regulates stomatal closure. It can directly interact with SLAC1, a key anion channel for stomatal closure, and modulate its channel activity. Our approach enables a systematic dissection of the functions of the Arabidopsis kinome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Wanzhu Zuo
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Fenfen Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yue Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Shisong Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230027, China
- School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
In contrast to well-studied fungal and animal cells, plant cells assemble bipolar spindles that exhibit a great deal of plasticity in the absence of structurally defined microtubule-organizing centers like the centrosome. While plants employ some evolutionarily conserved proteins to regulate spindle morphogenesis and remodeling, many essential spindle assembly factors found in vertebrates are either missing or not required for producing the plant bipolar microtubule array. Plants also produce proteins distantly related to their fungal and animal counterparts to regulate critical events such as the spindle assembly checkpoint. Plant spindle assembly initiates with microtubule nucleation on the nuclear envelope followed by bipolarization into the prophase spindle. After nuclear envelope breakdown, kinetochore fibers are assembled and unified into the spindle apparatus with convergent poles. Of note, compared to fungal and animal systems, relatively little is known about how plant cells remodel the spindle microtubule array during anaphase. Uncovering mitotic functions of novel proteins for spindle assembly in plants will illuminate both common and divergent mechanisms employed by different eukaryotic organisms to segregate genetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA; ,
| | - Yuh-Ru Julie Lee
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, California, USA; ,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Weiss JD, McVey SL, Stinebaugh SE, Sullivan CF, Dawe RK, Nannas NJ. Frequent Spindle Assembly Errors Require Structural Rearrangement to Complete Meiosis in Zea mays. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084293. [PMID: 35457112 PMCID: PMC9031645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of an organism is contingent upon its ability to faithfully pass on its genetic material. In the meiosis of many species, the process of chromosome segregation requires that bipolar spindles be formed without the aid of dedicated microtubule organizing centers, such as centrosomes. Here, we describe detailed analyses of acentrosomal spindle assembly and disassembly in time-lapse images, from live meiotic cells of Zea mays. Microtubules organized on the nuclear envelope with a perinuclear ring structure until nuclear envelope breakdown, at which point microtubules began bundling into a bipolar form. However, the process and timing of spindle assembly was highly variable, with frequent assembly errors in both meiosis I and II. Approximately 61% of cells formed incorrect spindle morphologies, with the most prevalent being tripolar spindles. The erroneous spindles were actively rearranged to bipolar through a coalescence of poles before proceeding to anaphase. Spindle disassembly occurred as a two-state process with a slow depolymerization, followed by a quick collapse. The results demonstrate that maize meiosis I and II spindle assembly is remarkably fluid in the early assembly stages, but otherwise proceeds through a predictable series of events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jodi D. Weiss
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA; (J.D.W.); (S.L.M.); (S.E.S.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Shelby L. McVey
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA; (J.D.W.); (S.L.M.); (S.E.S.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Sarah E. Stinebaugh
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA; (J.D.W.); (S.L.M.); (S.E.S.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Caroline F. Sullivan
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA; (J.D.W.); (S.L.M.); (S.E.S.); (C.F.S.)
| | - R. Kelly Dawe
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Natalie J. Nannas
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, Clinton, NY 13323, USA; (J.D.W.); (S.L.M.); (S.E.S.); (C.F.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Prusicki MA, Balboni M, Sofroni K, Hamamura Y, Schnittger A. Caught in the Act: Live-Cell Imaging of Plant Meiosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:718346. [PMID: 34992616 PMCID: PMC8724559 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.718346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Live-cell imaging is a powerful method to obtain insights into cellular processes, particularly with respect to their dynamics. This is especially true for meiosis, where chromosomes and other cellular components such as the cytoskeleton follow an elaborate choreography over a relatively short period of time. Making these dynamics visible expands understanding of the regulation of meiosis and its underlying molecular forces. However, the analysis of meiosis by live-cell imaging is challenging; specifically in plants, a temporally resolved understanding of chromosome segregation and recombination events is lacking. Recent advances in live-cell imaging now allow the analysis of meiotic events in plants in real time. These new microscopy methods rely on the generation of reporter lines for meiotic regulators and on the establishment of ex vivo culture and imaging conditions, which stabilize the specimen and keep it alive for several hours or even days. In this review, we combine an overview of the technical aspects of live-cell imaging in plants with a summary of outstanding questions that can now be addressed to promote live-cell imaging in Arabidopsis and other plant species and stimulate ideas on the topics that can be addressed in the context of plant meiotic recombination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Arp Schnittger
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aurora B kinase: a potential drug target for cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2187-2198. [PMID: 34047821 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring genetic integrity is essential during the cell cycle to avoid aneuploidy, one of the underlying causes of malignancies. Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinase that play a vital role in maintaining the genomic integrity of the cells. There are three forms of aurora kinases in the mammalian cells, which are highly conserved and act together with several other proteins to control chromosome alignment and its equal distribution to daughter cells in mitosis and meiosis. METHODS We provide here a detailed analysis of Aurora B kinase (ABK) in terms of its expression, structure, function, disease association and potential therapeutic implications. RESULTS ABK plays an instrumental in mitotic entry, chromosome condensation, spindle assembly, cytokinesis, and abscission. Small-molecule inhibitors of ABK are designed and synthesized to control cancer progression. A detailed understanding of ABK pathophysiology in different cancers is of great significance in designing and developing effective therapeutic strategies. CONCLUSION In this review, we have discussed the physiological significance of ABK followed by its role in cancer progression. We further highlighted available small-molecule inhibitors to control the tumor proliferation and their mechanistic insights.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
A central role of cell division in the life of multicellular plants is underlined by the fact that plants cannot move, in contrast to multicellular animals. Hence, cell division in plants fulfills not only a developmental task sensu stricto (for example, formation of organs, tissues and cell types) but also is key for adaptation to environmental conditions, presumably more so than in animals, by enhancing, reducing, as well as redirecting cell divisions, and thus adjusting growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Romeiro Motta
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 22609, Germany.
| | - Arp Schnittger
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 22609, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu Y, Wang C, Su H, Birchler JA, Han F. Phosphorylation of histone H3 by Haspin regulates chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis in maize. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1046-1058. [PMID: 33130883 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In human cells, Haspin-mediated histone H3 threonine 3 (H3T3) phosphorylation promotes centromeric localization of the chromosomal passenger complex, thereby ensuring proper kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Haspin also binds to PDS5 cohesin-associated factor B (Pds5B), antagonizing the Wings apart-like protein homolog (Wapl)-Pds5B interaction and thus preventing Wapl from releasing centromeric cohesion during mitosis. However, the role of Haspin in plant chromosome segregation is not well understood. Here, we show that in maize (Zea mays) mitotic cells, ZmHaspin localized to the centromere during metaphase and anaphase, whereas it localized to the telomeres during meiosis. These results suggest that ZmHaspin plays different roles during mitosis and meiosis. Knockout of ZmHaspin led to decreased H3T3 phosphorylation and histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation, and defects in chromosome alignment and segregation in mitosis. These lines of evidence suggest that Haspin regulates chromosome segregation in plants via the mechanism described for humans, namely, H3T3 phosphorylation. Plant Haspin proteins lack the RTYGA and PxVxL motifs needed to bind Pds5B and heterochromatin protein 1, and no obvious cohesion defects were detected in ZmHaspin knockout plants. Taken together, these results highlight the conserved but slightly different roles of Haspin proteins in cell division in plants and in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Handong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - James A Birchler
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Fangpu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Yan X, Chen H, Feng J, Han R. Enhanced UV-B radiation affects AUR1 regulation of mitotic spindle morphology leading to aberrant mitosis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:160-170. [PMID: 33370689 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced UV-B radiation can lead to a variety of stress responses, including effects on cell cycle regulation and mitosis. Aurora kinases are part of the serine/threonine kinase family and play important roles in cell cycle regulation and mitosis. We hypothesize that there may be a connection between these two processes. In this study, the dynamics of chromosomal (H2B-YFP) and AUR1-GFP changes after enhanced UV-B radiation were observed using confocal microscopy, and gene and protein expression patterns under UV-B stress were quantified using RT-qPCR and Western blotting techniques. We analyzed the responses of the AUR1 overexpression to UV-B stress. We measured maximum quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ as a proxy for UV-B stress. The recovery capacity of AUR1 overexpression strains was analyzed. In our research, we observed that enhanced UV-B radiation affects the subcellular positioning of AUR1, resulting in abnormalities in the positioning and location of the spindle at the poles, which ultimately affects the separation of chromosomes, resulting in "partition-bundle division" and the incorrect direction of division. At the same time, our results also indicated that low-dose UV-B can induce the expression of AUR1, and this overexpression of AUR1 can alleviate the damage caused by UV-B radiation. In summary, the results of our study show that enhanced UV-B radiation can change the activity and expression of AUR1, which is one of the causes of abnormal chromosome segregation. AUR1 participates in the response to UV-B stress, and, to a certain extent, can improve the UV-B tolerance of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, People's Republic of China; Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response (Shanxi Normal University) in Shanxi Province, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, People's Republic of China; Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response (Shanxi Normal University) in Shanxi Province, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huize Chen
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, People's Republic of China; Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response (Shanxi Normal University) in Shanxi Province, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinlin Feng
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, People's Republic of China; Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response (Shanxi Normal University) in Shanxi Province, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Han
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi, 041004, People's Republic of China; Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response (Shanxi Normal University) in Shanxi Province, Linfen, Shanxi, 041000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Balboni M, Yang C, Komaki S, Brun J, Schnittger A. COMET Functions as a PCH2 Cofactor in Regulating the HORMA Domain Protein ASY1. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4113-4127.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|