1
|
Li X, Lin C, Lan C, Tao Z. Genetic and epigenetic basis of phytohormonal control of floral transition in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4180-4194. [PMID: 38457356 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The timing of the developmental transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage is critical for angiosperms, and is fine-tuned by the integration of endogenous factors and external environmental cues to ensure successful reproduction. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to response to diverse environmental or stress signals, and these can be mediated by hormones to coordinate flowering time. Phytohormones such as gibberellin, auxin, cytokinin, jasmonate, abscisic acid, ethylene, and brassinosteroids and the cross-talk among them are critical for the precise regulation of flowering time. Recent studies of the model flowering plant Arabidopsis have revealed that diverse transcription factors and epigenetic regulators play key roles in relation to the phytohormones that regulate floral transition. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that underlie the phytohormonal control of floral transition in Arabidopsis, offering insights into how these processes are regulated and their implications for plant biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuyu Lin
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenghao Lan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zeng Tao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Z, Li H, Weng Y. A neutral invertase controls cell division besides hydrolysis of sucrose for nutrition during germination and seed setting in rice. iScience 2024; 27:110217. [PMID: 38993663 PMCID: PMC11237924 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sucrose is the transport form of carbohydrate in plants serving as signal molecule besides nutrition, but the signaling is elusive. Here, neutral invertase 8 (OsNIN8) mutated at G461R into OsNIN8m, which increased its charge and hydrophobicity, decreased hydrolysis of sucrose to 13% and firmer binding to sucrose than the wildtype. This caused downstream metabolites and energy accumulation forming overnutrition. Paradoxically, division of subinitials in longitudinal cell lineages was only about 15 times but more than 100 times in wildtype, resulting in short radicle. Further, mutation of OsNIN8 into deficiency of hydrolysis but maintenance of sucrose binding allowed cell division until ran out of energy showing the association but not hydrolysis gave the signal. Chemically, sucrose binding to OsNIN8 was exothermic but to OsNIN8m was endothermic. Therefore, OsNIN8m lost the signal function owing to change of thermodynamic state. So, OsNIN8 sensed sucrose for cell division besides hydrolyzed sucrose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao X, Wei Y, Shen B, Liu L, Mao J. Interaction of the Transcription Factors BES1/BZR1 in Plant Growth and Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6836. [PMID: 38999944 PMCID: PMC11241631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bri1-EMS Suppressor 1 (BES1) and Brassinazole Resistant 1 (BZR1) are two key transcription factors in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, serving as crucial integrators that connect various signaling pathways in plants. Extensive genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that BES1 and BZR1, along with other protein factors, form a complex interaction network that governs plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. Among the interactome of BES1 and BZR1, several proteins involved in posttranslational modifications play a key role in modifying the stability, abundance, and transcriptional activity of BES1 and BZR1. This review specifically focuses on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of BES1 and BZR1 protein interactors that are not involved in the posttranslational modifications but are crucial in specific growth and development stages and stress responses. By highlighting the significance of the BZR1 and BES1 interactome, this review sheds light on how it optimizes plant growth, development, and stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanni Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Biaodi Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linchuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juan Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim SH, Lee SH, Park TK, Tian Y, Yu K, Lee BH, Bai MY, Cho SJ, Kim TW. Comparative analysis of BZR1/BES1 family transcription factors in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:747-765. [PMID: 37926922 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Brassinazole Resistant 1 (BZR1) and bri1 EMS Suppressor 1 (BES1) are key transcription factors that mediate brassinosteroid (BR)-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis. The BZR1/BES1 family is composed of BZR1, BES1, and four BES1/BZR1 homologs (BEH1-BEH4). However, little is known about whether BEHs are regulated by BR signaling in the same way as BZR1 and BES1. We comparatively analyzed the functional characteristics of six BZR1/BES1 family members and their regulatory mechanisms in BR signaling using genetic and biochemical analyses. We also compared their subcellular localizations regulated by the phosphorylation status, interaction with GSK3-like kinases, and heterodimeric combination. We found that all BZR1/BES1 family members restored the phenotypic defects of bri1-5 by their overexpression. Unexpectedly, BEH2-overexpressing plants showed the most distinct phenotype with enhanced BR responses. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that overexpression of both BZR1 and BEH2 regulates BR-responsive gene expression, but BEH2 has a much greater proportion of BR-independent gene expression than BZR1. Unlike BZR1 and BES1, the BR-regulated subcellular translocation of the four BEHs was not tightly correlated with their phosphorylation status. Notably, BEH1 and BEH2 are predominantly localized in the nucleus, which induces the nuclear accumulation of other BZR1/BES1 family proteins through heterodimerization. Altogether, our comparative analyses suggest that BEH1 and BEH2 play an important role in the functional interaction between BZR1/BES1 family transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Hee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hwa Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ki Park
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanchen Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kyoungjae Yu
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ha Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Sung-Jin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wuk Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qian Z, Shi D, Zhang H, Li Z, Huang L, Yan X, Lin S. Transcription Factors and Their Regulatory Roles in the Male Gametophyte Development of Flowering Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:566. [PMID: 38203741 PMCID: PMC10778882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Male gametophyte development in plants relies on the functions of numerous genes, whose expression is regulated by transcription factors (TFs), non-coding RNAs, hormones, and diverse environmental stresses. Several excellent reviews are available that address the genes and enzymes associated with male gametophyte development, especially pollen wall formation. Growing evidence from genetic studies, transcriptome analysis, and gene-by-gene studies suggests that TFs coordinate with epigenetic machinery to regulate the expression of these genes and enzymes for the sequential male gametophyte development. However, very little summarization has been performed to comprehensively review their intricate regulatory roles and discuss their downstream targets and upstream regulators in this unique process. In the present review, we highlight the research progress on the regulatory roles of TF families in the male gametophyte development of flowering plants. The transcriptional regulation, epigenetic control, and other regulators of TFs involved in male gametophyte development are also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Qian
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Dexi Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Sue Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (Z.Q.); (D.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu Y, Zhang J, Liu L, Qanmber G, Liu Z, Xing K, Lu L, Liu L, Ma S, Li F, Yang Z. Cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor GhKRP6, a direct target of GhBES1.4, participates in BR regulation of cell expansion in cotton. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1729-1745. [PMID: 37326240 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The steroidal hormone brassinosteroid (BR) has been shown to positively regulate cell expansion in plants. However, the specific mechanism by which BR controls this process has not been fully understood. In this study, RNA-seq and DAP-seq analysis of GhBES1.4 (a core transcription factor in BR signaling) were used to identify a cotton cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor called GhKRP6. The study found that GhKRP6 was significantly induced by the BR hormone and that GhBES1.4 directly promoted the expression of GhKRP6 by binding to the CACGTG motif in its promoter region. GhKRP6-silenced cotton plants had smaller leaves with more cells and reduced cell size. Furthermore, endoreduplication was inhibited, which affected cell expansion and ultimately decreased fiber length and seed size in GhKRP6-silenced plants compared with the control. The KEGG enrichment results of control and VIGS-GhKRP6 plants revealed differential expression of genes related to cell wall biosynthesis, MAPK, and plant hormone transduction pathways - all of which are related to cell expansion. Additionally, some cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) genes were upregulated in the plants with silenced GhKRP6. Our study also found that GhKRP6 could interact directly with a cell cycle-dependent kinase called GhCDKG. Taken together, these results suggest that BR signaling influences cell expansion by directly modulating the expression of cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor GhKRP6 via GhBES1.4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Le Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ghulam Qanmber
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Kun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Shuya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of China Northwestern Inland Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832003, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Zhang H, Feng W, Lin X, Gao A, Cao Y, Yang Q, Wang Y, Li W, Fu F, Yu H. The Maize ZmBES1/BZR1-9 Transcription Factor Accelerates Flowering in Transgenic Arabidopsis and Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2995. [PMID: 37631206 PMCID: PMC10459471 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In model plants, the BRI1-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1)/brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) transcription factors play vital roles in regulating growth, development, and stimuli response. However, the roles of maize ZmBES1/BZR1 members are largely unknown. In this research, the ZmBES1/BZR1-9 gene was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis and rice for the phenotyping of flowering. We found that the complementation and overexpression of ZmBES1/BZR1-9 in bes1-D mutant and wild type Arabidopsis both resulted in early flowering that was about 10 days shorter than in the untransformed control under long-day conditions. In addition, there was no difference in the rosette leaf number between all transgenic lines and the control. Subsequently, the ZmBES1/BZR1-9 gene was overexpressed in rice. It was found that overexpression lines of rice exhibited early flowering with heading dates that were 8 days shorter compared with untransformed plants. Moreover, the results of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed that five flowering-regulated genes, namely At2-MMP, AtPCC1, AtMYB56, AtPELPK1, and AtPRP10, were significantly up-regulated in all complementary and overexpressing lines of Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, the results of RNA-seq showed that 69 and 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up- and down-regulated in transgenic rice, respectively. Four flowering-related genes, namely OsGA20OX1, OsCCR19, OsBTBN19, and OsRNS4 were significantly up-regulated in transgenic lines. To sum up, our findings demonstrate that ZmBES1/BZR1-9 is involved in controlling flowering and provide insights into further underlying roles of BES1/BZR1s in regulating growth and development in crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haoqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ojosnegros S, Alvarez JM, Grossmann J, Gagliardini V, Quintanilla LG, Grossniklaus U, Fernández H. Proteome and Interactome Linked to Metabolism, Genetic Information Processing, and Abiotic Stress in Gametophytes of Two Woodferns. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12429. [PMID: 37569809 PMCID: PMC10419320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferns and lycophytes have received scant molecular attention in comparison to angiosperms. The advent of high-throughput technologies allowed an advance towards a greater knowledge of their elusive genomes. In this work, proteomic analyses of heart-shaped gametophytes of two ferns were performed: the apomictic Dryopteris affinis ssp. affinis and its sexual relative Dryopteris oreades. In total, a set of 218 proteins shared by these two gametophytes were analyzed using the STRING database, and their proteome associated with metabolism, genetic information processing, and responses to abiotic stress is discussed. Specifically, we report proteins involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleotides, the biosynthesis of amino acids and secondary compounds, energy, oxide-reduction, transcription, translation, protein folding, sorting and degradation, and responses to abiotic stresses. The interactome of this set of proteins represents a total network composed of 218 nodes and 1792 interactions, obtained mostly from databases and text mining. The interactions among the identified proteins of the ferns D. affinis and D. oreades, together with the description of their biological functions, might contribute to a better understanding of the function and development of ferns as well as fill knowledge gaps in plant evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ojosnegros
- Area of Plant Physiology, Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain; (S.O.); (J.M.A.)
| | - José Manuel Alvarez
- Area of Plant Physiology, Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain; (S.O.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- Functional Genomic Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Gagliardini
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology & Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.G.); (U.G.)
| | - Luis G. Quintanilla
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Spain;
| | - Ueli Grossniklaus
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology & Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; (V.G.); (U.G.)
| | - Helena Fernández
- Area of Plant Physiology, Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain; (S.O.); (J.M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Related to Defense Responses in Arabidopsis Plants Transformed with the rolB Oncogene. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031880. [PMID: 36768198 PMCID: PMC9915171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
During Agrobacterium rhizogenes-plant interaction, the rolB gene is transferred into the plant genome and is stably inherited in the plant's offspring. Among the numerous effects of rolB on plant metabolism, including the activation of secondary metabolism, its effect on plant defense systems has not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we performed a proteomic analysis of rolB-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana plants with particular focus on defense proteins. We found a total of 77 overexpressed proteins and 64 underexpressed proteins in rolB-transformed plants using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI mass spectrometry. In the rolB-transformed plants, we found a reduced amount of scaffold proteins RACK1A, RACK1B, and RACK1C, which are known as receptors for activated C-kinase 1. The proteomic analysis showed that rolB could suppress the plant immune system by suppressing the RNA-binding proteins GRP7, CP29B, and CP31B, which action are similar to the action of type-III bacterial effectors. At the same time, rolB plants induce the massive biosynthesis of protective proteins VSP1 and VSP2, as well as pathogenesis-related protein PR-4, which are markers of the activated jasmonate pathway. The increased contents of glutathione-S-transferases F6, F2, F10, U19, and DHAR1 and the osmotin-like defense protein OSM34 were found. The defense-associated protein PCaP1, which is required for oligogalacturonide-induced priming and immunity, was upregulated. Moreover, rolB-transformed plants showed the activation of all components of the PYK10 defense complex that is involved in the metabolism of glucosinolates. We hypothesized that various defense systems activated by rolB protect the host plant from competing phytopathogens and created an effective ecological niche for A. rhizogenes. A RolB → RACK1A signaling module was proposed that might exert most of the rolB-mediated effects on plant physiology. Our proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD037959.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaur H, Sidhu GS, Mittal A, Yadav IS, Mittal M, Singla D, Singh N, Chhuneja P. Comparative transcriptomics in alternate bearing cultivar Dashehari reveals the genetic model of flowering in mango. Front Genet 2023; 13:1061168. [PMID: 36704344 PMCID: PMC9871253 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1061168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowering is a complex developmental process, with physiological and morphological phases influenced by a variety of external and internal factors. Interestingly, many mango cultivars tend to bear fruit biennially because of irregular flowering, and this has a negative impact on mango flowering and the subsequent yield, resulting in significant economic losses. In this article, transcriptome analysis was carried out on four tissues of mango cv. Dashehari (bearing tree leaf, shoot apex, inflorescence, and non-bearing tree leaf). De novo transcriptome assembly of RNA-seq reads of Dashehari using the Trinity pipeline generated 67,915 transcripts, with 25,776 genes identified. 85 flowering genes, represented by 179 transcripts, were differentially expressed in bearing vs. non-bearing leaf tissues. Gene set enrichment analysis of flowering genes identified significant upregulation of flowering related genes in inflorescence tissues compared to bearing leaf tissues. The flowering genes FT, CO, GI, ELF 4, FLD, FCA, AP1, LHY, and SCO1 were upregulated in the bearing leaf tissues. Pathway analysis of DEGs showed significant upregulation of phenylpropanoid and sucrose and starch pathways in non-bearing leaf tissue compared with bearing leaf tissue. The comparative transcriptome analysis performed in this study significantly increases the understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the flowering process as well as alternative bearing in mango.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gurupkar Singh Sidhu
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India,*Correspondence: Gurupkar Singh Sidhu, ; Amandeep Mittal,
| | - Amandeep Mittal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India,*Correspondence: Gurupkar Singh Sidhu, ; Amandeep Mittal,
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Meenakshi Mittal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Deepak Singla
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Navprem Singh
- Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiao ZW, Wang DR, Wang X, You CX, Wang XF. Genome-wide identification and stress response analysis of cyclophilin gene family in apple (Malus × domestica). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:806. [PMID: 36474166 PMCID: PMC9727951 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophilin (CYP) belongs to the immunophilin family and has peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity, which catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization process of proline residues. CYPs widely exist in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and contain a conserved cyclophilin-like domain (CLD). Plant cyclophilins are widely involved in a range of biological processes including stress response, metabolic regulation, and growth and development. RESULT In this study, 30 cyclophilin genes on 15 chromosomes were identified from the 'Golden Delicious' apple (M. domestica) genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the cyclophilin family genes can be divided into three clades in Malus. Collinear analysis showed that ten gene pairs were the result of segmental duplication. Analysis of gene and protein structure further supported the phylogenetic tree and collinearity analysis. The expression of MdCYPs in different organs was higher in leaves, flowers, and fruits. Ten and eight CYPs responded to drought and salt stress, respectively. MdCYP16, a nuclear-localized MD CYP, was screened from the intersection of the two expression profiling datasets and was highly sensitive to drought and salt stress. GUS staining of transgenic Arabidopsis indicated that MdCYP16 may be involved in the regulation of abiotic stress. CONCLUSION This study systematically analyzed members of the apple cyclophilin family and confirmed the involvement of MdCYP16 as a nuclear-localized MD cyclophilin that acts in response to salt and drought stress in apple. Our work identifies members of the apple cyclophilin gene family, and provides an important theoretical basis for in-depth study of cyclophilin function. Additionally, the analysis provides candidate genes that may be involved in stress response in apple.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han X, Tang Q, Xu L, Guan Z, Tu J, Yi B, Liu K, Yao X, Lu S, Guo L. Genome-wide detection of genotype environment interactions for flowering time in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1065766. [PMID: 36479520 PMCID: PMC9721451 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1065766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is strongly related to the environment, while the genotype-by-environment interaction study for flowering time is lacking in Brassica napus. Here, a total of 11,700,689 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 490 B. napus accessions were used to associate with the flowering time and related climatic index in eight environments using a compressed variance-component mixed model, 3VmrMLM. As a result, 19 stable main-effect quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and 32 QTN-by-environment interactions (QEIs) for flowering time were detected. Four windows of daily average temperature and precipitation were found to be climatic factors highly correlated with flowering time. Ten main-effect QTNs were found to be associated with these flowering-time-related climatic indexes. Using differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis in semi-winter and spring oilseed rapes, 5,850 and 5,511 DEGs were found to be significantly expressed before and after vernalization. Twelve and 14 DEGs, including 7 and 9 known homologs in Arabidopsis, were found to be candidate genes for stable QTNs and QEIs for flowering time, respectively. Five DEGs were found to be candidate genes for main-effect QTNs for flowering-time-related climatic index. These candidate genes, such as BnaFLCs, BnaFTs, BnaA02.VIN3, and BnaC09.PRR7, were further validated by the haplotype, selective sweep, and co-expression networks analysis. The candidate genes identified in this study will be helpful to breed B. napus varieties adapted to particular environments with optimized flowering time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilin Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Kede Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu T, Ai G, Xie Q, Wang W, Song J, Wang J, Tao J, Zhang X, Hong Z, Lu Y, Ye J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Ye Z. Regulation of tomato fruit elongation by transcription factor BZR1.7 through promotion of SUN gene expression. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac121. [PMID: 35937861 PMCID: PMC9347012 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fruit shape is an important biological trait that is also of special commercial value in tomato. The SUN gene has been known as a key regulator of tomato fruit elongation for years, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its transcriptional regulation remain little understood. Here, a unique BZR1-like transcription factor, BZR1.7, was identified as a trans-acting factor of the SUN gene promoter that bound to the conserved E-box of the promoter to promote SUN gene expression. Overexpression of BZR1.7 in tomato led to elevated SUN gene expression and formation of elongated fruits. Plants of the BZR1.7 knockout mutant created by gene editing did not exhibit an observable fruit shape phenotype, suggesting possible functional redundancy of BZR1-like genes in tomato. There were seven BZR1-like genes in the tomato genome and overexpression of BZR1.5 and BZR1.6 led to elongated fruit phenotypes similar to those observed in the BZR1.7 overexpression lines, further supporting the notion of functional redundancy of BZR1-like genes in tomato fruit shape specification. Microscopic analysis revealed that there was a decreased number of cell layers in the fruit pericarp in the BZR1.7 overexpression lines. These findings offer new insights into the regulatory mechanism by which BZR1.7 promotes SUN gene expression and regulates fruit elongation in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guo Ai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingmin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianwen Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingbao Tao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zonglie Hong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Yongen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zu SH, Jiang YT, Chang JH, Zhang YJ, Xue HW, Lin WH. Interaction of brassinosteroid and cytokinin promotes ovule initiation and increases seed number per silique in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:702-716. [PMID: 34837335 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ovule initiation is a key step that strongly influences ovule number and seed yield. Notably, mutants with enhanced brassinosteroid (BR) and cytokinin (CK) signaling produce more ovules and have a higher seed number per silique (SNS) than wild-type plants. Here, we crossed BR- and CK-related mutants to test whether these phytohormones function together in ovule initiation. We determined that simultaneously enhancing BR and CK contents led to higher ovule and seed numbers than enhancing BR or CK separately, and BR and CK enhanced each other. Further, the BR-response transcription factor BZR1 directly interacted with the CK-response transcription factor ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR1 (ARR1). Treatments with BR or BR plus CK strengthened this interaction and subsequent ARR1 targeting and induction of downstream genes to promote ovule initiation. Enhanced CK signaling partially rescued the reduced SNS phenotype of BR-deficient/insensitive mutants whereas enhanced BR signaling failed to rescue the low SNS of CK-deficient mutants, suggesting that BR regulates ovule initiation and SNS through CK-mediated and -independent pathways. Our study thus reveals that interaction between BR and CK promotes ovule initiation and increases seed number, providing important clues for increasing the seed yield of dicot crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Hao Zu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yu-Tong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jin-Hui Chang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sarwar R, Geng R, Li L, Shan Y, Zhu KM, Wang J, Tan XL. Genome-Wide Prediction, Functional Divergence, and Characterization of Stress-Responsive BZR Transcription Factors in B. napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:790655. [PMID: 35058951 PMCID: PMC8764130 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.790655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT (BZR) are transcriptional factors that bind to the DNA of targeted genes to regulate several plant growth and physiological processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, information on such genes in Brassica napus is minimal. Furthermore, the new reference Brassica napus genome offers an excellent opportunity to systematically characterize this gene family in B. napus. In our study, 21 BnaBZR genes were distributed across 19 chromosomes of B. napus and clustered into four subgroups based on Arabidopsis thaliana orthologs. Functional divergence analysis among these groups evident the shifting of evolutionary rate after the duplication events. In terms of structural analysis, the BnaBZR genes within each subgroup are highly conserved but are distinctive within groups. Organ-specific expression analyses of BnaBZR genes using RNA-seq data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed complex expression patterns in plant tissues during stress conditions. In which genes belonging to subgroups III and IV were identified to play central roles in plant tolerance to salt, drought, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum stress. The insights from this study enrich our understanding of the B. napus BZR gene family and lay a foundation for future research in improving rape seed environmental adaptability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehman Sarwar
- School of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Rui Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke-Ming Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Li Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qi G, Chen H, Wang D, Zheng H, Tang X, Guo Z, Cheng J, Chen J, Wang Y, Bai MY, Liu F, Wang D, Fu ZQ. The BZR1-EDS1 module regulates plant growth-defense coordination. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:2072-2087. [PMID: 34416351 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed sophisticated strategies to coordinate growth and immunity, but our understanding of the underlying mechanism remains limited. In this study, we identified a novel molecular module that regulates plant growth and defense in both compatible and incompatible infections. This module consisted of BZR1, a key transcription factor in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling, and EDS1, an essential positive regulator of plant innate immunity. We found that EDS1 interacts with BZR1 and suppresses its transcriptional activities. Consistently, upregulation of EDS1 function by a virulent Pseudomonas syringae strain or salicylic acid treatment inhibited BZR1-regulated expression of BR-responsive genes and BR-promoted growth. Furthermore, we showed that the cytoplasmic fraction of BZR1 positively regulates effector-triggered immunity (ETI) controlled by the TIR-NB-LRR protein RPS4, which is attenuated by BZR1's nuclear translocation. Mechanistically, cytoplasmic BZR1 facilitated AvrRps4-triggered dissociation of EDS1 and RPS4 by binding to EDS1, thus leading to efficient activation of RPS4-controlled ETI. Notably, transgenic expression of a mutant BZR1 that accumulates exclusively in the cytoplasm improved pathogen resistance without compromising plant growth. Collectively, these results shed new light on plant growth-defense coordination and reveal a previously unknown function for the cytoplasmic fraction of BZR1. The BZR1-EDS1 module may be harnessed for the simultaneous improvement of crop productivity and pathogen resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Hongyuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xianfeng Tang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhengzheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiayu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Daowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Zheng Qing Fu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu Y, Zhu Z. PIF4 and PIF4-Interacting Proteins: At the Nexus of Plant Light, Temperature and Hormone Signal Integrations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10304. [PMID: 34638641 PMCID: PMC8509071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) is necessary for plant adaption to light or high ambient temperature. PIF4 directly associates with plenty of its target genes and modulates the global transcriptome to induce or reduce gene expression levels. However, PIF4 activity is tightly controlled by its interacting proteins. Until now, twenty-five individual proteins have been reported to physically interact with PIF4. These PIF4-interacting proteins act together with PIF4 and form a unique nexus for plant adaption to light or temperature change. In this review, we will discuss the different categories of PIF4-interacting proteins, including photoreceptors, circadian clock regulators, hormone signaling components, and transcription factors. These distinct PIF4-interacting proteins either integrate light and/or temperature cues with endogenous hormone signaling, or control PIF4 abundances and transcriptional activities. Taken together, PIF4 and PIF4-interacting proteins play major roles for exogenous and endogenous signal integrations, and therefore establish a robust network for plants to cope with their surrounding environmental alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shi L, Du L, Wen J, Zong X, Zhao W, Wang J, Xu M, Wang Y, Fu A. Conserved Residues in the C-Terminal Domain Affect the Structure and Function of CYP38 in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:630644. [PMID: 33732275 PMCID: PMC7959726 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.630644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis cyclophilin38 (CYP38) is a thylakoid lumen protein critial for PSII assembly and maintenance, and its C-terminal region serves as the target binding domain. We hypothesized that four conserved residues (R290, F294, Q372, and F374) in the C-terminal domain are critical for the structure and function of CYP38. In yeast two-hybrid and protein pull-down assays, CYP38s with single-sited mutations (R290A, F294A, Q372A, or F374A) did not interact with the CP47 E-loop as the wild-type CYP38. In contrast, CYP38 with the R290A/F294A/Q372A/F374A quadruple mutation could bind the CP47 E-loop. Gene transformation analysis showed that the quadruple mutation prevented CYP38 to efficiently complement the mutant phenotype of cyp38. The C-terminal domain half protein with the quadruple mutation, like the wild-type one, could interact with the N-terminal domain or the CP47 E-loop in vitro. The cyp38 plants expressing CYP38 with the quadruple mutation showed a similar BN-PAGE profile as cyp38, but distinct from the wild type. The CYP38 protein with the quadruple mutation associated with the thylakoid membrane less efficiently than the wild-type CYP38. We concluded that these four conserved residues are indispensable as changes of all these residues together resulted in a subtle conformational change of CYP38 and reduced its intramolecular N-C interaction and the ability to associate with the thylakoid membrane, thus impairing its function in chloroplast.
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang Z, Yan B, Dong H, He G, Zhou Y, Sun J. BIC1 acts as a transcriptional coactivator to promote brassinosteroid signaling and plant growth. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104615. [PMID: 33280146 PMCID: PMC7780237 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) transcription factor family plays an essential role in plant brassinosteroid (BR) signaling, but the signaling mechanism through which BZR1 and its homologs cooperate with certain coactivators to facilitate transcription of target genes remains incompletely understood. In this study, we used an efficient protein interaction screening system to identify blue-light inhibitor of cryptochromes 1 (BIC1) as a new BZR1-interacting protein in Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that BIC1 positively regulates BR signaling and acts as a transcriptional coactivator for BZR1-dependent activation of BR-responsive genes. Simultaneously, BIC1 interacts with the transcription factor PIF4 to synergistically and interdependently activate expression of downstream genes including PIF4 itself, and to promote plant growth. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrate that BIC1 and BZR1/PIF4 interdependently associate with the promoters of common target genes. In addition, we show that the interaction between BIC1 and BZR1 is evolutionally conserved in the model monocot plant Triticum aestivum (bread wheat). Together, our results reveal mechanistic details of BR signaling mediated by a transcriptional activation module BIC1/BZR1/PIF4 and thus provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the integration of BR and light signaling in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongju Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baiqiang Yan
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Huixue Dong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guanhua He
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and ImprovementSchool of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengChina
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Singh H, Kaur K, Singh M, Kaur G, Singh P. Plant Cyclophilins: Multifaceted Proteins With Versatile Roles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:585212. [PMID: 33193535 PMCID: PMC7641896 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.585212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilins constitute a family of ubiquitous proteins that bind cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressant drug. Several of these proteins possess peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding a proline residue, essential for correct folding of the proteins. Compared to prokaryotes and other eukaryotes studied until now, the cyclophilin gene families in plants exhibit considerable expansion. With few exceptions, the role of the majority of these proteins in plants is still a matter of conjecture. However, recent studies suggest that cyclophilins are highly versatile proteins with multiple functionalities, and regulate a plethora of growth and development processes in plants, ranging from hormone signaling to the stress response. The present review discusses the implications of cyclophilins in different facets of cellular processes, particularly in the context of plants, and provides a glimpse into the molecular mechanisms by which these proteins fine-tune the diverse physiological pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Gundeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- William Harvey Heart Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang Q, Yu F, Xie Q. Balancing growth and adaptation to stress: Crosstalk between brassinosteroid and abscisic acid signaling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2325-2335. [PMID: 32671865 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development are plastic and canadapt to environmental changes. In this process different plant hormones coordinate to modulate plant growth and environmental interactions. In this article, we describe the individual brassinosteroid (BR) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways, emphasize the specific regulatory mechanisms between ABA and BR responses and discuss how both phytohormones coordinate growth, development and stress responses in plants. BR signaling is essential for plant development, while ABA signaling is activated to ensure plants survive stress. The crosstalk between BR and ABA, especially protein phosphorylation, protein stability control and downstream transcription control of key components of both pathways are discussed in terms of modulating plant development and stress adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liang T, Shi C, Peng Y, Tan H, Xin P, Yang Y, Wang F, Li X, Chu J, Huang J, Yin Y, Liu H. Brassinosteroid-Activated BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 Inhibits Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Coordinates Growth and UV-B Stress Responses in Plants. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:3224-3239. [PMID: 32796123 PMCID: PMC7534464 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
UV-B light is a potential stress factor in plants, but how plants coordinate growth and UV-B stress responses is not well understood. Here, we report that brassinosteroid (BR) signaling inhibits UV-B stress responses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and various crops by controlling flavonol biosynthesis. We further demonstrate that BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1) mediates the tradeoff between plant growth and UV-B defense responses. BES1, a master transcription factor involved in BR signaling, represses the expression of transcription factor genes MYB11, MYB12, and MYB111, which activate flavonol biosynthesis. BES1 directly binds to the promoters of these MYBs in a BR-enhanced manner to repress their expression, thereby reducing flavonol accumulation. However, exposure to broadband UV-B down-regulates BES1 expression, thus promoting flavonol accumulation. These findings demonstrate that BR-activated BES1 not only promotes growth but also inhibits flavonoid biosynthesis. UV-B stress suppresses the expression of BES1 to allocate energy to flavonoid biosynthesis and UV-B stress responses, allowing plants to switch from growth to UV-B stress responses in a timely manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyong Xin
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Chu
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Jirong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhai Yin
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
| | - Hongtao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ge Q, Tang Y, Luo W, Zhang J, Chong K, Xu Y. A Cyclophilin OsCYP20-2 Interacts with OsSYF2 to Regulate Grain Length by Pre-mRNA Splicing. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:64. [PMID: 32910367 PMCID: PMC7483694 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain size is one of the key agronomic traits that impact grain yield. Several regulatory pathways had been reported to participate in grain size determination via cell expansion or proliferation in rice. However, little is known about cyclophilin and spliceosome participation in grain shape regulation. RESULTS Here, we identified OsCYP20-2, a cyclophilin that influences spliceosome assembly to determine grain length. oscyp20-2 t1, a knock out mutant of OsCYP20-2 caused by T-DNA insertion, produced shorter grains with deficient cell elongation. Through yeast two-hybrid screening and pull-down assays, OsSYF2, a pre-mRNA splicing factor, was identified as an interacting protein of OsCYP20-2. The phenotypes of transgenic lines indicated that OsSYF2 positively regulates grain length via its influence on cell expansion. Transcriptomic analysis showed that OsSYF2 controls the expression and pre-mRNA alternative splicing of genes involved in sugar metabolism. In addition, these two genes have similar effects on panicle architecture. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, OsSYF2, an interacting protein of OsCYP20-2, controls grain length and panicle architecture by regulating the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA involved in cell elongation and sugar metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Present Address: College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yongyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Kang Chong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yunyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu L, Guan Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Jaffar MA, Song A, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen F. Regulation of flowering time in chrysanthemum by the R2R3 MYB transcription factor CmMYB2 is associated with changes in gibberellin metabolism. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:96. [PMID: 32637124 PMCID: PMC7326907 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is a key event in the development of a plant. Here, the product of the chrysanthemum gene CmMYB2, an R2R3 MYB transcription factor that is localized in the nucleus, was shown to be a component of the switching mechanism. Plants engineered to overexpress CmMYB2 flowered earlier than did wild-type plants, while those in which CmMYB2 was suppressed flowered later. In both the overexpression and RNAi knockdown plants, a number of genes encoding proteins involved in gibberellin synthesis or signaling, as well as in the response to photoperiod, were transcribed at a level that differed from that in the wild type. Both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that CmMYB2 interacts with CmBBX24, a zinc-finger transcription factor known to regulate flowering by its influence on gibberellin synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunxiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaohe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Abuzar Jaffar
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li H, Wang Y, Ye M, Li S, Li D, Ren H, Wang M, Du L, Li H, Veglia G, Gao J, Weng Y. Dynamical and allosteric regulation of photoprotection in light harvesting complex II. Sci China Chem 2020; 63:1121-1133. [PMID: 33163014 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) plays a dual role in light-harvesting and excited energy dissipation to protect photodamage from excess energy. The regulatory switch is induced by increased acidity, temperature or both. However, the molecular origin of the protein dynamics at the atomic level is still unknown. We carried out temperature-jump time-resolved infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations to determine the energy quenching dynamics and conformational changes of LHCII trimers. We found that the spontaneous formation of a pair of local α-helices from the 310-helix E/loop and the C-terminal coil of the neighboring monomer, in response to the increased environmental temperature and/or acidity, induces a scissoring motion of transmembrane helices A and B, shifting the conformational equilibrium to a more open state, with an increased angle between the associated carotenoids. The dynamical allosteric conformation change leads to close contacts between the first excited state of carotenoid lutein 1 and chlorophyll pigments, facilitating the fluorescence quenching. Based on these results, we suggest a unified mechanism by which the LHCII trimer controls the dissipation of excess excited energy in response to increased temperature and acidity, as an intrinsic result of intense sun light in plant photosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Manping Ye
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Deyong Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haisheng Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mohan Wang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luchao Du
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Heng Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gianluigi Veglia
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Weng Y, Ge L, Jia S, Mao P, Ma X. Cyclophilin AtROC1 S58F confers Arabidopsis cold tolerance by modulating jasmonic acid signaling and antioxidant metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:81-89. [PMID: 32388423 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs), a class of proteins with a conserved peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase domain, are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as in the response to abiotic stresses including cold. In our previous study, we identified an Arabidopsis gain-of-function mutant ROC1S58F with enhanced cold-tolerance and enhanced expression of jasmonic acid (JA) and oxidative stress responsive genes. Here, we show the underlying molecular mechanisms for the improved cold tolerance observed in the ROC1S58F mutant. Compared to the WT, the ROC1S58F mutant showed an increased survival rates and a reduced level of electrolyte leakage and endogenous JA content under the freezing treatment. Correspondingly, the JA biosynthesis genes (AtAOC1 and AtOPR3) and signaling genes (AtJAZ5, AtJAZ10 and AtMYB15) are down-regulated in the ROC1S58F mutant compared with the WT. Moreover, both the transcripts and activities of the ROS-scavenging enzymes (SOD/POD/MDHAR) increased in cold-stressed ROC1S58F mutant, which might mitigate the ROS-induced oxidative stress and contribute to the mutant freezing tolerance. Taken together, our findings indicate that AtROC1S58F confers Arabidopsis freezing tolerance by modulating JA signaling and antioxidant metabolism jointly. This research thus provides a molecular mechanism for AtROC1S58F-conferred freezing resistance in Arabidopsis and offers guidance for crop breeding towards an improved cold tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Weng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Lingqiao Ge
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Shangang Jia
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Peisheng Mao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiqing Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 10093, China; Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ge Q, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Bai M, Luo W, Wang B, Niu Y, Zhao Y, Li S, Weng Y, Wang Z, Qian Q, Chong K. Cyclophilin OsCYP20-2 with a novel variant integrates defense and cell elongation for chilling response in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:2453-2467. [PMID: 31736073 PMCID: PMC7064896 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Coordinating stress defense and plant growth is a survival strategy for adaptation to different environments that contains a series of processes, such as, cell growth, division and differentiation. However, little is known about the coordination mechanism for protein conformation change. A cyclophilin OsCYP20-2 with a variant interacts with SLENDER RICE1 (SLR1) and OsFSD2 in the nucleus and chloroplasts, respectively, to integrate chilling tolerance and cell elongation in rice (Oryza sativa) (FSD2, Fe-superoxide dismutase 2). Mass spectrum assay showed that OsNuCYP20-2 localized at the nucleus (nuclear located OsCYP20-2) was a new variant of OsCYP20-2 that truncated 71 amino-acid residues in N-terminal. The loss-of function OsCYP20-2 mutant showed sensitivity to chilling stress with accumulation of extra reactive oxygen species (ROS). In chloroplasts, the full-length OsCYP20-2 promotes OsFSD2 forming homodimers which enhance its activity, eliminating the accumulation of ROS under chilling stress. However, the mutant had shorter epidermal cells in comparison with wild-type Hwayoung (HY). In the nucleus, OsCYP20-2 caused conformation change of SLR1 to promote its degradation for cell elongation. Our data reveal a cyclophilin with a variant with dual-localization in chloroplasts and the nucleus, which mediate chilling tolerance and cell elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
| | - Yunyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
- Innovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Mingyi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm InnovationMinistry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuda Niu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Plant BiologyCarnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordCA94305USA
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310006China
| | - Kang Chong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Innovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wen Z, Mei Y, Zhou J, Cui Y, Wang D, Wang NN. SAUR49 Can Positively Regulate Leaf Senescence by Suppressing SSPP in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:644-658. [PMID: 31851355 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA (SAUR) proteins in leaf senescence has been more and more acknowledged, but the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we performed yeast two-hybrid assays and identified SAUR49 as an interactor of SENESCENCE SUPPRESSED PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE (SSPP), which is a PP2C protein phosphatase that negatively regulates Arabidopsis leaf senescence by suppressing the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SARK), as reported previously by our group. The interaction between SAUR49 and SSPP was further confirmed in planta. Functional characterization revealed that SAUR49 is a positive regulator of leaf senescence. The accumulation level of SAUR49 protein increased during natural leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. The transcript level of SAUR49 was upregulated during SARK-induced premature leaf senescence but downregulated during SSPP-mediated delayed leaf senescence. Overexpression of SAUR49 significantly accelerated both natural and dark-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. More importantly, SAUR49 overexpression completely reversed SSPP-induced delayed leaf senescence. In addition, overexpression of SAUR49 reversed the decreased plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity mediated by SSPP. Taken together, the results showed that SAUR49 functions in accelerating the leaf senescence process via the activation of SARK-mediated leaf senescence signaling by suppressing SSPP. We further identified four other SSPP-interacting SAURs, SAUR30, SAUR39, SAUR41 and SAUR72, that may act redundantly with SAUR49 in regulating leaf senescence. All these observations indicated that certain members of the SAUR family may serve as an important hub that integrates various hormonal and environmental signals with senescence signals in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanjiao Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ning Ning Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li T, Kang X, Wei L, Zhang D, Lin H. A gain-of-function mutation in Brassinosteroid-insensitive 2 alters Arabidopsis floral organ development by altering auxin levels. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:259-271. [PMID: 31820142 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Auxin can alter the fertility of bin2-1 plants and depends on the expression of SHY2. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play important roles in plant growth and developmental processes. By systematically evaluating the phenotypes of BR biosynthesis and BR signaling mutants, researchers have reported that BRs positively regulate floral development. In this study, we found that brassinosteroid-insensitive 2 (bin2-1) and short-hypocotyl 2 (shy2-2) mutants exhibited significantly reduced fertility. These mutants had short inflorescences, decreased floral organ length (short petals, stamens, carpels, and stigmas), and short siliques. Exogenous auxin applications could partially rescue the shortened length of the floral organs and siliques of the bin2-1 mutants. Additional experiments revealed that a lack of SHY2 activity increased the fertility of the bin2-1 mutants. A search for downstream affected genes revealed that auxin influences the expression of ARFs and PINs in the bin2-1 mutants, suggesting that auxin plays a major role in the regulation of bin2-1 plant fertility. Thus, BIN2 plays a role in fertility by affecting auxin levels, mainly by altering the expression of SHY2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xinke Kang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Roles of Brassinosteroids in Plant Reproduction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030872. [PMID: 32013254 PMCID: PMC7037687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroid hormones, essentially important for plant development and growth. BR signaling functions to promote cell expansion and cell division, and plays a role in etiolation and reproduction. As the phytohormone originally identified in the pollen grains of Brassica napus, BR promotes the elongation of stigma. Recent studies have revealed that BR is also critical for floral transition, inflorescence stem architecture formation and other aspects of plant reproductive processes. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of BRs in plant reproduction, the spatial and temporal control of BR signaling, and the downstream molecular mechanisms in both the model plant Arabidopsis and crops. The crosstalk of BR with environmental factors and other hormones in reproduction will also be discussed.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang D, Guo X, Xu Y, Li H, Ma L, Yao X, Weng Y, Guo Y, Liu CM, Chong K. OsCIPK7 point-mutation leads to conformation and kinase-activity change for sensing cold response. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 61:1194-1200. [PMID: 30912264 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play important roles via environmental stress. However, less is known how to sense the stress in molecular structure conformation level. Here, an OsCIPK7 mutant via TILLING procedure with a point mutation in the kinase domain showed increased chilling tolerance, which could be potentially used in the molecular breeding. We found that this point mutation of OsCIPK7 led to a conformational change in the activation loop of the kinase domain, subsequently with an increase of protein kinase activity, thus conferred an increased tolerance to chilling stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dajian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuefeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Kang Chong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ge L, Zhang K, Cao X, Weng Y, Liu B, Mao P, Ma X. Sequence characteristics of Medicago truncatula cyclophilin family members and function analysis of MsCYP20-3B involved in axillary shoot development. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:907-919. [PMID: 31741262 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) belonging to the immunophilin family are present in all organisms and widely distributed in various cells associated with the activity of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase. Plant CYPs are members of a multi-gene family and are involved in a series of biological processes. However, little is known about their structure, evolution, developmental expression and functional analysis in Medicago truncatula. In this study, a total of 33 CYP genes were identified and found to be unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes. Among them, 21 are single-domain and 12 are multi-domain proteins, and most were predicted to be localized in the cytosol, nucleus or chloroplast. Phylogenetic and gene structure analysis revealed seven segmental gene pairs, indicating that segmental duplication probably made a large contribution to the expansion of MtCYP gene family. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that about 10 MtCYP genes (were) highly expressed involved in vegetative and reproduction tissues in M. truncatula, and MsCYP20-3B was mainly upregulated in stems, leaves and flower buds in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Overexpression of MsCYP20-3B was shown to regulate axillary shoot development associated with higher jasmonic acid and abscisic acid contents in M. truncatula. Our study suggests the importance of the CYP genes family in development, reproduction and stress responses, and provides a reference for future studies and application of CYP genes for alfalfa genetic improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingqiao Ge
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Cao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinyin Weng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peisheng Mao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiqing Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Science, Beijing Municipality, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang F, Gao Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Gu X, Ma D, Zhao Z, Yuan Z, Xue H, Liu H. BES1-regulated BEE1 controls photoperiodic flowering downstream of blue light signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1407-1419. [PMID: 31009078 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1) functions as a key regulator in the brassinosteroid (BR) pathway that promotes plant growth. However, whether BES1 is involved in photoperiodic flowering is unknown. Here we report that BES1 acts as a positive regulator of photoperiodic flowering, but it cannot directly bind FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) promoter. BR ENHANCED EXPRESSION 1 (BEE1) is the direct target of BES1 and acts downstream of BES1. BEE1 is also a positive regulator of photoperiodic flowering. BEE1 binds directly to the FT chromatin to activate the transcription of FT and promote flowering initiation. More importantly, BEE1 promotes flowering in a blue light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME 2 (CRY2) partially dependent manner, as it physically interacts with CRY2 under the blue light. Furthermore, BEE1 is regulated by both BRs and blue light. The transcription of BEE1 is induced by BRs, and the BEE1 protein is stabilized under the blue light. Our findings indicate that BEE1 is the integrator of BES1 and CRY2 mediating flowering, and BES1-BEE1-FT is a new signaling pathway in regulating photoperiodic flowering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongshun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yawen Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xingxing Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dingbang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongwei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen Q, Chen QJ, Sun GQ, Zheng K, Yao ZP, Han YH, Wang LP, Duan YJ, Yu DQ, Qu YY. Genome-Wide Identification of Cyclophilin Gene Family in Cotton and Expression Analysis of the Fibre Development in Gossypium barbadense. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E349. [PMID: 30654456 PMCID: PMC6359516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a member of the immunophilin superfamily (in addition to FKBPs and parvulins) and play a significant role in peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. Previous studies have shown that CYPs have important functions in plants, but no genome-wide analysis of the cotton CYP gene family has been reported, and the specific biological function of this gene is still elusive. Based on the release of the cotton genome sequence, we identified 75, 78, 40 and 38 CYP gene sequences from G. barbadense, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii, respectively; 221 CYP genes were unequally located on chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 231 CYP genes clustered into three major groups and eight subgroups. Collinearity analysis showed that segmental duplications played a significant role in the expansion of CYP members in cotton. There were light-responsiveness, abiotic-stress and hormone-response elements upstream of most of the CYPs. In addition, the motif composition analysis revealed that 49 cyclophilin proteins had extra domains, including TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat), coiled coil, U-box, RRM (RNA recognition motif), WD40 (RNA recognition motif) and zinc finger domains, along with the cyclophilin-like domain (CLD). The expression patterns based on qRT-PCR showed that six CYP expression levels showed greater differences between Xinhai21 (long fibres, G. barbadense) and Ashmon (short fibres, G. barbadense) at 10 and 20 days postanthesis (DPA). These results signified that CYP genes are involved in the elongation stage of cotton fibre development. This study provides a valuable resource for further investigations of CYP gene functions and molecular mechanisms in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Quan-Jia Chen
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Kai Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Zheng-Pei Yao
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Yu-Hui Han
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Duan
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Dao-Qian Yu
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
- Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China.
| | - Yan-Ying Qu
- College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Barbosa Dos Santos I, Park SW. Versatility of Cyclophilins in Plant Growth and Survival: A Case Study in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9010020. [PMID: 30634678 PMCID: PMC6358970 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase family, and were first characterized in mammals as a target of an immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A, preventing proinflammatory cytokine production. In Arabidopsis, 29 CYPs and CYP-like proteins are found across all subcellular compartments, involved in various physiological processes including transcriptional regulation, organogenesis, photosynthetic and hormone signaling pathways, stress adaptation and defense responses. These important but diverse activities of CYPs must be reflected by their versatility as cellular and molecular modulators. However, our current knowledge regarding their mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of CYPs in Arabidopsis studies, and information gaps within, which help understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Martignago D, Bernardini B, Polticelli F, Salvi D, Cona A, Angelini R, Tavladoraki P. The Four FAD-Dependent Histone Demethylases of Arabidopsis Are Differently Involved in the Control of Flowering Time. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:669. [PMID: 31214214 PMCID: PMC6558185 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, four FAD-dependent lysine-specific histone demethylases (LDL1, LDL2, LDL3, and FLD) are present, bearing both a SWIRM and an amine oxidase domain. In this study, a comparative analysis of gene structure, evolutionary relationships, tissue- and organ-specific expression patterns, physiological roles and target genes for the four Arabidopsis LDL/FLDs is reported. Phylogenetic analysis evidences a different evolutionary history for the four LDL/FLDs, while promoter activity data show that LDL/FLDs are strongly expressed during plant development and embryogenesis, with some gene-specific expression patterns. Furthermore, phenotypical analysis of loss-of-function mutants indicates a role of all four Arabidopsis LDL/FLD genes in the control of flowering time, though for some of them with opposing effects. This study contributes toward a better understanding of the LDL/FLD physiological roles and may provide biotechnological strategies for crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Martignago
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Spanish National Research Council–Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology–Autonomous University of Barcelona–University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fabio Polticelli
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- ‘Roma Tre’ Section, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Salvi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Tavladoraki
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paraskevi Tavladoraki,
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yan H, Zhou B, He W, Nie Y, Li Y. Expression characterisation of cyclophilin BrROC1 during light treatment and abiotic stresses response in Brassica rapa subsp. rapa 'Tsuda'. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:1223-1232. [PMID: 32291012 DOI: 10.1071/fp18029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ROC1 is a prototypic peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) of the plant cytosol belonging to the large subfamily of cyclophilins that are associated with diverse functions through foldase, scaffolding, chaperoning or other unknown activities. Although many functions of plant cyclophilins have been reported, the molecular basis of stress-responsive expression of plant cyclophilins is still largely unknown. To characterise the roles of BrROC1 during light treatment and their responses in various abiotic stresses, we identified BrROC1 genes and characterised their expression patterns in Brassica rapa subsp. rapa 'Tsuda'. Our results showed that BrROC1 genes are multi-family genes. Transcript level analysis showed BrROC1-2 expressed higher than BrROC1-1 in 0 to 6-day-old seedlings under natural light. Moreover, BrROC1-2 genes were also induced to highly express in the cotyledon, upper hypocotyls and lower hypocotyls of seedlings under UV-A and blue-light treatment. In addition, the transcript level of BrROC1-1 was higher in pigment tissues than that in unpigment tissues (cotyledon and lower hypocotyl) under UV-A and blue-light treatment. Furthermore, when the unpigment epidermis (shaded light) of 2-month-old 'Tsuda' turnip roots was exposed to UV-A light, transcript levels of the BrROC1-1 and BrROC1-2 were significantly increased with time prolongation. These two BrROC1 genes might be involved in UV-A-induced anthocyanin synthesis in the root epidermis of 'Tsuda' turnip, which accumulates high levels of anthocyanin. These two BrROC1 genes were also induced to be regulated by abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature, dehydration, osmotic and salt stresses. Then, the results indicate that BrROC1 genes are involved in light induction response and may play important roles in adaptation of plants to various environmental stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei He
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuzhe Nie
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Schmid MW, Heichinger C, Coman Schmid D, Guthörl D, Gagliardini V, Bruggmann R, Aluri S, Aquino C, Schmid B, Turnbull LA, Grossniklaus U. Contribution of epigenetic variation to adaptation in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4446. [PMID: 30361538 PMCID: PMC6202389 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, transgenerational inheritance of some epialleles has been demonstrated but it remains controversial whether epigenetic variation is subject to selection and contributes to adaptation. Simulating selection in a rapidly changing environment, we compare phenotypic traits and epigenetic variation between Arabidopsis thaliana populations grown for five generations under selection and their genetically nearly identical ancestors. Selected populations of two distinct genotypes show significant differences in flowering time and plant architecture, which are maintained for at least 2–3 generations in the absence of selection. While we cannot detect consistent genetic changes, we observe a reduction of epigenetic diversity and changes in the methylation state of about 50,000 cytosines, some of which are associated with phenotypic changes. Thus, we propose that epigenetic variation is subject to selection and can contribute to rapid adaptive responses, although the extent to which epigenetics plays a role in adaptation is still unclear. Whether plant epigenetic variation is subject to selection and contributes to adaptation is under debate. Here, the authors compare DNA methylation and phenotypes of Arabidopsis lines subject to simulated selection and their nearly isogenic ancestors and provide evidence that epigenetic variation contributes to adaptive responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc W Schmid
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Service and Support for Science IT, University of Zurich, Stampfenbachstrasse 73, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,MWSchmid GmbH, Möhrlistrasse 25, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Heichinger
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,L. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diana Coman Schmid
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Scientific IT Services, ETH Zurich, Weinbergstrasse 11, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Guthörl
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Gagliardini
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Hochschulstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sirisha Aluri
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH and University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Catharine Aquino
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH and University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lindsay A Turnbull
- Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Ueli Grossniklaus
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, ETH Zurich and University of Basel, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Susila H, Nasim Z, Ahn JH. Ambient Temperature-Responsive Mechanisms Coordinate Regulation of Flowering Time. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103196. [PMID: 30332820 PMCID: PMC6214042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, environmental conditions such as temperature affect survival, growth, and fitness, particularly during key stages such as seedling growth and reproduction. To survive and thrive in changing conditions, plants have evolved adaptive responses that tightly regulate developmental processes such as hypocotyl elongation and flowering time in response to environmental temperature changes. Increases in temperature, coupled with increasing fluctuations in local climate and weather, severely affect our agricultural systems; therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which plants perceive and respond to temperature is critical for agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of ambient temperature perception as well as possible temperature sensing components in plants. Based on recent publications, we highlight several temperature response mechanisms, including the deposition and eviction of histone variants, DNA methylation, alternative splicing, protein degradation, and protein localization. We discuss roles of each proposed temperature-sensing mechanism that affects plant development, with an emphasis on flowering time. Studies of plant ambient temperature responses are advancing rapidly, and this review provides insights for future research aimed at understanding the mechanisms of temperature perception and responses in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendry Susila
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Zeeshan Nasim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Ji Hoon Ahn
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang Z, Liu H, Sun C, Ma Q, Bu H, Chong K, Xu Y. A C 2H 2 zinc-finger protein OsZFP213 interacts with OsMAPK3 to enhance salt tolerance in rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 229:100-110. [PMID: 30055519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of salt tolerance is one of the major targets in rice breeding. Here, we report that the zinc-finger protein (ZFP) OsZFP213 functions in enhancing salt tolerance in rice. OsZFP213 is localized in the nucleus and has transactivation activity. Transgenic rice overexpressing OsZFP213 showed enhanced salt tolerance compared with wild type and OsZFP213 RNAi plants. Furthermore, OsZFP213 overexpression plants showed higher transcription levels of antioxidant system genes and higher catalytic activity of scavenging enzymes of reactive oxygen, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), and a lower level of ROS accumulation than that in wild type and OsZFP213 RNAi plants under salt treatment. Yeast two-hybrid, pull-down, and BiFC analysis showed that OsMAPK3 is a direct partner of OsZFP213, and this interaction enhanced the transactivation activity of OsZFP213. Taken together, these results suggest that OsZFP213 cooperates with OsMAPK3 in the regulation of rice salt stress tolerance by enhancing the ability of scavenging reactive oxygen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ce Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Qibin Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Huaiyu Bu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Kang Chong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yunyuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Z, Ou Y, Zhang Z, Li J, He Y. Brassinosteroid Signaling Recruits Histone 3 Lysine-27 Demethylation Activity to FLOWERING LOCUS C Chromatin to Inhibit the Floral Transition in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:1135-1146. [PMID: 29969683 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone brassinosteroid (BR) plays a broad role in plant growth and development. As the retarded growth in BR-insensitive and BR-deficient mutants causes a strong delay in days to flowering, BR signaling has been thought to promote the floral transition in Arabidopsis. In this study, using a developmental measure of flowering time, we show that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition and promotes vegetative growth in the Arabidopsis accessions Columbia and Enkheim-2. We found that BR signaling promotes the expression of the potent floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and three FLC homologs to inhibit flowering. In the presence of BR, the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (BZR1), together with BES1-INTERACTING MYC-like proteins (BIMs), specifically binds a BR- responsive element in the first intron of FLC and further recruits a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase to downregulate levels of the repressive H3K27 trimethylation mark and thus antagonize Polycomb silencing at FLC, leading to its activation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that BR signaling inhibits the floral transition in Arabidopsis by a novel molecular mechanism in which BR signals are transduced into FLC activation and consequent floral repression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201602, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201602, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Yuehui He
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology & National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201602, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gruszka D. Crosstalk of the Brassinosteroid Signalosome with Phytohormonal and Stress Signaling Components Maintains a Balance between the Processes of Growth and Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092675. [PMID: 30205610 PMCID: PMC6163518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of phytohormones, which regulate various processes during plant life cycle. Intensive studies conducted with genetic, physiological and molecular approaches allowed identification of various components participating in the BR signaling—from the ligand perception, through cytoplasmic signal transduction, up to the BR-dependent gene expression, which is regulated by transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes. The identification of new components of the BR signaling is an ongoing process, however an emerging view of the BR signalosome indicates that this process is interconnected at various stages with other metabolic pathways. The signaling crosstalk is mediated by the BR signaling proteins, which function as components of the transmembrane BR receptor, by a cytoplasmic kinase playing a role of the major negative regulator of the BR signaling, and by the transcription factors, which regulate the BR-dependent gene expression and form a complicated regulatory system. This molecular network of interdependencies allows a balance in homeostasis of various phytohormones to be maintained. Moreover, the components of the BR signalosome interact with factors regulating plant reactions to environmental cues and stress conditions. This intricate network of interactions enables a rapid adaptation of plant metabolism to constantly changing environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Gruszka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environment Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fan C, Guo G, Yan H, Qiu Z, Liu Q, Zeng B. Characterization of Brassinazole resistant ( BZR) gene family and stress induced expression in Eucalyptus grandis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 24:821-831. [PMID: 30150857 PMCID: PMC6103948 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of plant hormones which play a pivotal role in modulating cell elongation, stress responses, vascular differentiation and senescence. In response to BRs, BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT (BZR) transcription factors (TFs) accumulate in the nucleus, where they modulate thousands of target genes and coordinate many biological processes, especially in regulating defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, 6 BZR TFs of Eucalyptus grandis (EgrBZR) from a genome-wide survey were characterized by sequence analysis and expression profiling against several abiotic stresses. The results showed that BZR gene family in Eucalyptus was slightly smaller compared to Populus and Arabidopsis, but all phylogenetic groups were represented. Various systematic in silico analysis of these TFs validated the basic properties of BZRs, whereas comparative studies showed a high degree of similarity with recognized BZRs of other plant species. In the organ-specific expression analyses, 4 EgrBZRs were expressed in vascular tissue indicating their possible functions in wood formation. Meanwhile, almost all EgrBZR genes showed differential transcript abundance levels in response to exogenously applied BR, MeJA, and SA, and salt and cold stresses. Besides, protein interaction analysis showed that all EgrBZR genes were associated with BR signaling directly or indirectly. These TFs were proposed as transcriptional activators or repressors of abiotic stress response and growth and development pathways of E. grandis by participating in BR signaling processes. These findings would be helpful in resolving the regulatory mechanism of EgrBZRs in stress resistance conditions but require further functional study of these potential TFs in Eucalyptus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Fan
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huifang Yan
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenfei Qiu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingshan Zeng
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
The brassinosteroid-regulated transcription factors BZR1/BES1 function as a coordinator in multisignal-regulated plant growth. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:561-571. [PMID: 29673687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BZR1 and BES1 are key transcription factors of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and represent the integration node of numerous signaling cascades. Their direct target genes have been identified, and BZR1/BES1-DNA interactions have been experimentally verified. Importantly, BZR1/BES1 also integrate different growth and development events via direct protein-protein interactions. For instance, DELLAs, PIFs, ARF6, and PKL, all directly interact with BZR1/BES1, forming a BZR1/BES1-centered regulatory network to coordinate cell elongation. By dissecting various BZR1/BES1-mediated BR responses, the concept that BZR1/BES1 act as an integration hub in multisignal-regulated plant growth and development was developed. The regulation of BZR1/BES1 is dynamic and multifaceted, including phosphorylation status, activity, and stability. Moreover, certain epigenetic modification mechanisms are involved in BZR1/BES1's regulation of gene expression. Herein, we review recent advances in BZR1/BES1-mediated molecular connections between BR and other pathways, highlighting the central role of the BZR1/BES1 interactome in optimizing plant growth and development.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wei H, Li N, Tian W, Chong K, Wang L. Circadian Evening Complex Represses Jasmonate-Induced Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:326-337. [PMID: 29306046 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants initiate leaf senescence to reallocate energy and nutrients from aging to developing tissues for optimizing growth fitness and reproduction at the end of the growing season or under stress. Jasmonate (JA), a lipid-derived phytohormone, is known as an important endogenous signal in inducing leaf senescence. However, whether and how the circadian clock gates JA signaling to induce leaf senescence in plants remains elusive. In this study, we show that Evening Complex (EC), a core component of the circadian oscillator, negatively regulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transcriptomic profiling analysis reveals that EC is closely involved in JA signaling and response, consistent with accelerated leaf senescence unanimously displayed by EC mutants upon JA induction. We found that EC directly binds the promoter of MYC2, which encodes a key activator of JA-induced leaf senescence, and represses its expression. Genetic analysis further demonstrated that the accelerated JA-induced leaf senescence in EC mutants is abrogated by myc2 myc3 myc4 triple mutation. Collectively, these results reveal a critical molecular mechanism illustrating how the core component of the circadian clock gates JA signaling to regulate leaf senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenwen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Chong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bulgakov VP, Vereshchagina YV, Bulgakov DV, Veremeichik GN, Shkryl YN. The rolB plant oncogene affects multiple signaling protein modules related to hormone signaling and plant defense. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2285. [PMID: 29396465 PMCID: PMC5797197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The rolB plant oncogene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes perturbs many biochemical processes in transformed plant cells, thereby causing their neoplastic reprogramming. The oncogene renders the cells more tolerant to environmental stresses and herbicides and inhibits ROS elevation and programmed cell death. In the present work, we performed a proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana rolB-expressing callus line AtB-2, which represents a line with moderate expression of the oncogene. Our results show that under these conditions rolB greatly perturbs the expression of some chaperone-type proteins such as heat-shock proteins and cyclophilins. Heat-shock proteins of the DnaK subfamily were overexpressed in rolB-transformed calli, whereas the abundance of cyclophilins, members of the closely related single-domain cyclophilin family was decreased. Real-time PCR analysis of corresponding genes confirmed the reliability of proteomics data because gene expression correlated well with the expression of proteins. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that rolB can potentially affect several levels of signaling protein modules, including effector-triggered immunity (via the RPM1-RPS2 signaling module), the miRNA processing machinery, auxin and cytokinin signaling, the calcium signaling system and secondary metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Bulgakov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia. .,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia.
| | - Yulia V Vereshchagina
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Bulgakov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Galina N Veremeichik
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Yuri N Shkryl
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
UVR8 Interacts with BES1 and BIM1 to Regulate Transcription and Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Dev Cell 2018; 44:512-523.e5. [PMID: 29398622 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UV-B light (UV-B radiation) is known to inhibit plant growth, but the mechanism is not well understood. UVR8 (UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8) is a UV-B light photoreceptor that mediates UV-B light responses in plants. We report here that UV-B inhibits plant growth by repressing plant steroid hormone brassinosteroid (BR)-promoted plant growth. UVR8 physically interacts with the functional dephosphorylated BES1 (BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1) and BIM1 (BES1-INTERACTING MYC-LIKE 1) transcription factors that mediate BR-regulated gene expression and plant growth to inhibit their activities. Genome-wide gene expression analysis defined a BES1-dependent UV-B-regulated transcriptome, which is enriched with genes involved in cell elongation and plant growth. We further showed that UV-B-activated and nucleus-localized UVR8 inhibited the DNA-binding activities of BES1/BIM1 to directly regulate transcription of growth-related genes. Our results therefore establish that UVR8-BES1/BIM1 interaction represents an early photoreceptor signaling mechanism in plants and serves as an important module integrating light and BR signaling.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hanhart P, Thieß M, Amari K, Bajdzienko K, Giavalisco P, Heinlein M, Kehr J. Bioinformatic and expression analysis of the Brassica napus L. cyclophilins. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1514. [PMID: 28473712 PMCID: PMC5431436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a group of ubiquitous proteins characterized by their ability to bind to the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. The CYP family occurs in a wide range of organisms and contains a conserved peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase domain. In addition to fulfilling a basic role in protein folding, CYPs may also play diverse important roles, e.g. in protein degradation, mRNA processing, development, and stress responses. We performed a genome-wide database survey and identified a total of 94 CYP genes encoding 91 distinct proteins. Sequence alignment analysis of the putative BnCYP cyclophilin-like domains revealed highly conserved motifs. By using RNA-Seq, we could verify the presence of 77 BnCYP genes under control conditions. To identify phloem-specific BnCYP proteins in a complementary approach, we used LC-MS/MS to determine protein abundances in leaf and phloem extracts. We detected 26 BnCYPs in total with 12 being unique to phloem sap. Our analysis provides the basis for future studies concentrating on the functional characterization of individual members of this gene family in a plant of dual importance: as a crop and a model system for polyploidization and long-distance signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Hanhart
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Thieß
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Amari
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMP UPR 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Krzysztof Bajdzienko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Manfred Heinlein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMP UPR 2357, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Kehr
- Molecular Plant Genetics, Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yang L, Li J, Ji J, Li P, Yu L, Abd_Allah EF, Luo Y, Hu L, Hu X. High Temperature Induces Expression of Tobacco Transcription Factor NtMYC2a to Regulate Nicotine and JA Biosynthesis. Front Physiol 2016; 7:465. [PMID: 27833561 PMCID: PMC5081390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stress elevates the level of jasmonic acid (JA) and activates the biosynthesis of nicotine and related pyridine alkaloids in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) by up-regulating the expression of putrescine N-methyltransferase 1 (NtPMT1), which encodes a putrescine N-methyl transferase that catalyzes nicotine formation. The JA signal suppressor JASMONATE ZIM DOMAIN 1 (NtJAZ1) and its target protein, NtMYC2a, also regulate nicotine biosynthesis; however, how these proteins interact to regulate abiotic-induced nicotine biosynthesis is poorly understood. In this study, we found that high-temperature (HT) treatment activated transcription of NtMYC2a, which subsequently stimulated the transcription of genes associated with JA biosynthesis, including Lipoxygenase (LOX), Allene oxide synthase (AOS), Allene oxide cyclase (AOC), and 12-oxophytodienodate reductase (OPR). Overexpression of NtMYC2a increased nicotine biosynthesis by enhancing its binding to the promoter of NtPMT1. Overexpression of either NtJAZ1 or proteasome-resistant NtJAZ1ΔC suppressed nicotine production under normal conditions, but overexpression only of the former resulted in low levels of nicotine under HT treatment. These data suggest that HT induces NtMYC2a accumulation through increased transcription to activate nicotine synthesis; meanwhile, HT-induced NtMYC2a can activate JA synthesis to promote additional NtMYC2a activity by degrading NtJAZ1 at the post-transcriptional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environment Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuaian, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of GeorgiaTifton, GA, USA
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Agronomy, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural SciencesKunming, China
| | - Jianhui Ji
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environment Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuaian, China
| | - Ping Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Elsayed F. Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Seed Pathology Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research CenterGiza, Egypt
| | - Yuming Luo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environment Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agriculture Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuaian, China
| | - Liwei Hu
- Laboratory of Tobacco Agriculture, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTCZhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityShanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Geisler M, Bailly A, Ivanchenko M. Master and servant: Regulation of auxin transporters by FKBPs and cyclophilins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 245:1-10. [PMID: 26940487 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant development and architecture are greatly influenced by the polar distribution of the essential hormone auxin. The directional influx and efflux of auxin from plant cells depends primarily on AUX1/LAX, PIN, and ABCB/PGP/MDR families of auxin transport proteins. The functional analysis of these proteins has progressed rapidly within the last decade thanks to the establishment of heterologous auxin transport systems. Heterologous co-expression allowed also for the testing of protein-protein interactions involved in the regulation of transporters and identified relationships with members of the FK506-Binding Protein (FKBP) and cyclophilin protein families, which are best known in non-plant systems as cellular receptors for the immunosuppressant drugs, FK506 and cyclosporin A, respectively. Current evidence that such interactions affect membrane trafficking, and potentially the activity of auxin transporters is reviewed. We also propose that FKBPs andcyclophilins might integrate the action of auxin transport inhibitors, such as NPA, on members of the ABCB and PIN family, respectively. Finally, we outline open questions that might be useful for further elucidation of the role of immunophilins as regulators (servants) of auxin transporters (masters).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Geisler
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology-Plant Biology, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Aurélien Bailly
- University of Zurich, Institute of Plant Biology, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ivanchenko
- Oregon State University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| |
Collapse
|