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Moazen B, Ismail N, Agbaria N, Mazzilli S, Petri D, Amaya A, D’Arcy J, Plugge E, Tavoschi L, Stöver H. Vaccination against emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in places of detention: a global multistage scoping review. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1323195. [PMID: 38347924 PMCID: PMC10859397 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1323195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the elevated risks of infection transmission, people in prisons frequently encounter significant barriers in accessing essential healthcare services in many countries. The present scoping review aimed to evaluate the state of availability and model of delivery of vaccination services within correctional facilities across the globe. Methods Following the methodological framework for scoping reviews and adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews criteria, we conducted a systematic search across four peer-reviewed literature databases (Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and EBSCO), as well as 14 sources of grey literature. Two researchers meticulously examined the identified papers independently to extract pertinent data published between 2012 and 2022. The quality of the selected publications was assessed using established quality assessment tools. Results Of the 11,281 identified papers 52 met the inclusion criteria. With the exception of one, all the included publications presented data from high-income countries, predominantly originating from the United States. Across the world, the most prevalent vaccines available in prison settings were COVID-19 and HBV vaccines, typically distributed in response to health crises such as pandemics, epidemics, and local outbreaks. Vaccine coverage and uptake rates within correctional facilities displayed noteworthy disparities among various countries and regions. Besides, individual and organizational barriers and facilitating factors of vaccination in prison settings emerged and discussed in the text. Discussion The lack of vaccination services combined with low rates of vaccination coverage and uptake among people living and working in correctional facilities represents a cause for concern. Prisons are not isolated from the broader community, therefore, efforts to increase vaccine uptake among people who live and work in prisons will yield broader public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Moazen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Health and Social Work, Institute of Addiction Research (ISFF), Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nasrul Ismail
- School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Nisreen Agbaria
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Health and Social Work, Institute of Addiction Research (ISFF), Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sara Mazzilli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Petri
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Amaya
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Emma Plugge
- UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Tavoschi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Heino Stöver
- Department of Health and Social Work, Institute of Addiction Research (ISFF), Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
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Castro LS, de Rezende GR, Puga MAM, Bandeira LM, Ortiz Tanaka TS, Weis-Torres S, Taira DL, Demarchi LHF, Croda JRH, Pinho JRR, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Motta-Castro ARC. Hepatitis A virus infection in Brazilian correctional facilities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283868. [PMID: 37098017 PMCID: PMC10128929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is transmitted by the fecal-oral route, through interpersonal contact and ingestion of contaminated food or water. Prisoners are at higher risk of acquiring HAV infection mainly due to the environment of closed penal institutions and socioeconomic conditions. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HAV and its associated risk factors among inmates from twelve prisons in Central Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2013 and March 2014. A total of 580 prisoners participated in the study. The participant's samples were tested for Total and IgM anti-HAV antibodies by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Risk factors associated with anti-HAV seropositivity were also analyzed. The prevalence rate of HAV exposure was 88.1% (95% CI: 85.5-90.7). No sample had a positive reaction to IgM anti-HAV. Increasing age, low level of education, and being imprisoned in Corumbá city were independently associated with HAV exposure among prisoners. To prevent the burden of the disease, vaccination strategies should be considered for susceptible prisoners in Central Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisie Souza Castro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Larissa Melo Bandeira
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Sabrina Weis-Torres
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Deborah Ledesma Taira
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Mato Grosso do Sul/SES/MS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Rosa Henrique Croda
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- LIM-07, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvêa
- LIM-07, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Coimbra Motta-Castro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Vicente-Alcalde N, Tuells J, Egoavil CM, Ruescas-Escolano E, Altavilla C, Caballero P. Immunization Coverage of Inmates in Spanish Prisons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218045. [PMID: 33142883 PMCID: PMC7663669 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The correct immunization of the inmate population minimizes the risk of transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases in prisons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vaccine coverage of long-term prisoners in the Spanish penitentiary system through a retrospective longitudinal study. One-thousand and five prisoners were selected, who were imprisoned from 2008 and 2018 in three Spanish prisons. Their degree of immunization was evaluated as related to hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), tetanus, diphtheria, pneumococcus and seasonal flu. The state of vaccination of the prisoners with a serological diagnosis of HBV, hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was also evaluated. The vaccination coverage obtained for hepatitis B was 52.3%, and for tetanus–diphtheria, it was 71.9%. However, for hepatitis A and pneumococcus infection, it was insignificant (<2% of the prisoners). Vaccination against seasonal flu was lower than 16%. The HCV and HIV-positive inmates were not correctly vaccinated either. The insufficient level of immunization obtained reflects the lack of interest and marginalization of this population by the penitentiary system and the health authorities. The lack of reliable records is combined with the lack of planned strategies that promote stable and well-defined programs of active vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Vicente-Alcalde
- Penitentiary Center Alicante II, General Secretariat of Penitentiary Institutions, 03400 Villena, Spain;
| | - Jose Tuells
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (C.A.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-965-903838
| | - Cecilia M. Egoavil
- General University Hospital of Alicante, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | | | - Cesare Altavilla
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (C.A.); (P.C.)
| | - Pablo Caballero
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain; (C.A.); (P.C.)
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Vaccination Coverage among Prisoners: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207589. [PMID: 33086513 PMCID: PMC7589151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prison inmates are highly susceptible for several infectious diseases, including vaccine-preventable diseases. We conducted a systematic international literature review on vaccination coverage against hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), combined HAV/HBV, tetanus-diphtheria, influenza, pneumococcal, and combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) in prison inmates, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The electronic databases were used Web of Science, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cinhal. No language or time limit were applied to the search. We defined vaccination coverage as the proportion of vaccinated prisoners. There were no limitations in the search strategy regarding time period or language. Of 1079 identified studies, 28 studies were included in the review. In total, 21 reported on HBV vaccine coverage (range between 16–82%); three on HAV (range between 91–96%); two studies on combined HAV/HBV (77% in the second dose and 58% in the third); three studies on influenza vaccine (range between 36–46%), one of pneumococcal vaccine coverage (12%), and one on MMR coverage (74%). We found that data on vaccination coverage in prison inmates are scarce, heterogeneous, and do not include all relevant vaccines for this group. Current published literature indicate that prison inmates are under-immunized, particularly against HBV, influenza, MMR, and pneumococci. Strengthen immunization programs specifically for this population at risk and improvement of data record systems may contribute to better health care in prisoners.
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