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Choi J, Yadav S, Vaddu S, Thippareddi H, Kim WK. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of tannic acid as an antibacterial agent in broilers infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102987. [PMID: 37844525 PMCID: PMC10585643 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate tannic acid (TA) as an antibacterial agent against Salmonella Typhimurium in in vitro and in vivo chicken models. The TA formed an inhibitory zone against Salmonella enterica serotypes including S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Infantis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of TA against Salmonella Typhimurium nalidixic acid resistant strain (STNR) were determined as 40 and 700 μg/mL, respectively. Sublethal doses of TA (5, 10, and 20 μg/mL) restricted swimming and swarming motility and biofilm formation of STNR compared to the control group (0 μg/mL) (P < 0.05). The TA-bovine serum albumin (BSA) complex formed at simulated gastric pH (pH 3.75) was hydrolyzed at pH 6.75 and 7.25 (P < 0.05), and the hydrolysis of the TA-BSA complex was stronger at pH 7.25 compared to the pH 6.75 (P < 0.05). The inhibitory zone of the TA-BSA complex against STNR at pH 6.75 was lower than TA without BSA at 30 and 60 min (P < 0.05), but not at 120 min (P > 0.1). The inhibitory zone of the TA-BSA complex against STNR at pH 7.25 was not decreased at 0, 30, and 60 min compared to TA without BSA (P > 0.1). The recovery rate of TA was 83, 54.8, 10.5, and 19.6% in the gizzard, jejunum, ileum, and ceca, respectively, in broiler chickens. The STNR-infected broilers fed 0.25 g/kg of TA had significantly lower unweighted beta diversity distance compared to the sham-challenged control (SCC) and challenged controlled (CC) group on D 21. TA supplementation linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (tendency; P = 0.071) reduced relative abundance of the family Peptostreptococcaceae in broilers infected with STNR on D 7. TA supplementation linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (tendency; P = 0.06) increased the relative abundance of the family Erysipelotrichaceae in broilers infected with STNR on D 21. Therefore, TA has potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against the S. Typhimurium infection in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janghan Choi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sudhir Yadav
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sasikala Vaddu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Choi J, Marshall B, Ko H, Shi H, Singh AK, Thippareddi H, Holladay S, Gogal RM, Kim WK. Antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of tannic acid supplementation in broilers infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102111. [PMID: 36081234 PMCID: PMC9465346 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection by Salmonella Typhimurium, a food-borne pathogen, can reduce the poultry production efficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tannic acid (TA) supplementation on growth performance, Salmonella colonization, gut barrier integrity, serum endotoxin levels, antioxidant capacity, gut health, and immune function in broilers infected with the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium nalidixic acid resistant strain (STNR). A total of 546 one-day-old broilers were arbitrarily allocated into 6 treatments including 1) Sham-challenged control (SCC; birds fed a basal diet and administrated peptone water); 2) Challenged control (CC; birds fed a basal diet and inoculated with 108 STNR); 3) Tannic acid 0.25 (TA0.25; CC + 0.25 g/kg TA); 4) TA0.5 (CC + 0.5 g/kg TA); 5) TA1 (CC + 1 g/kg TA); and 6) TA2 (CC + 2 g/kg TA). On D 7, supplemental TA linearly reduced STNR colonization in the ceca (P < 0.01), and TA1 and TA2 group had significantly lower reduced STNR colonization in the ceca (P < 0.01). On D 7 to 21, average daily gain tended to be linearly increased by supplemental TA (P = 0.097). The serum endotoxin levels were quadratically decreased by supplemental TA on D 21 (P < 0.05). Supplemental TA quadratically increased ileal villus height (VH; P < 0.05), and the TA0.25 group had higher ileal VH compared to the CC group (P < 0.05). Supplemental TA linearly increased percentage of peripheral blood CD8+ T cells on D 18 (P < 0.01). The TA0.5 group had significantly lower lymphocyte numbers compared to the CC groups (P < 0.05). The abundance of monocytes linearly increased with TA supplementation (P < 0.01). Therefore, broilers fed TA had reduced STNR colonization, increased growth performance, decreased serum endotoxin levels, enhanced gut health in the broilers, and stimulated the immune system in broilers infected with STNR. Supplementation of TA (1-2 g/kg) enhanced growth performance and gut health via antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effects in broilers infected with STNR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janghan Choi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Brett Marshall
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hanseo Ko
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hanyi Shi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Steven Holladay
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert M Gogal
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Rizzo NN, Pottker ES, Webber B, Borges KA, Duarte SC, Levandowski R, Ruschel LR, Rodrigues LB. Effect of two lytic bacteriophages against multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming Salmonella Gallinarum from poultry. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:640-645. [PMID: 32901508 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1805724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
1. Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) infections cause fowl typhoid, which leads to important economic losses. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and the capacity for bacteria to form biofilms could play an important role in the persistence of SG in poultry flocks resulting in intermittent disease outbreaks. The aim of the following study was to assess the lytic activity of two new bacteriophages (Salmonella phages UPF_BP1 and UPF_BP2) against MDR and biofilm-forming SG. 2. Forty-six strains of SG, isolated in 2015, were characterised by antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation profiles and susceptibility to two new bacteriophages. 3. Of these strains, 24% were multidrug resistant and more than 80% formed biofilm, with no statistical difference between incubation temperatures (42°C or 22°C). With regard to the lytic activity of the phages, 85% of strains were susceptible to at least one phage. Of these, 74% were lysed by both phages, including MDR and biofilm producing strains. 4. The use of salmonella phages UPF_BP1 and UPF_BP2 were shown to be promising alternatives for the biological control of fowl typhoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Rizzo
- Faculdade De Agronomia E Medicina Veterinária, Universidade De Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.,Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - E S Pottker
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - B Webber
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - K A Borges
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - S C Duarte
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Suínos e Aves , Concórdia, SC, Brazil
| | - R Levandowski
- Faculdade De Agronomia E Medicina Veterinária, Universidade De Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - L R Ruschel
- Faculdade De Agronomia E Medicina Veterinária, Universidade De Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - L B Rodrigues
- Faculdade De Agronomia E Medicina Veterinária, Universidade De Passo Fundo , Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Lytic Bacteriophage LPST10, Isolated in China. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/35/e00427-17. [PMID: 28860234 PMCID: PMC5578832 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00427-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage LPST10 was isolated from Wuhan, China. Lytic activity was demonstrated against multiple Salmonella enterica serovars, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains. This bacteriophage has a 47,657-bp double-stranded DNA genome encoding 87 putative coding sequences.
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