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Danmaigoro A, Muhammad MA, Abubakar K, Magiri RB, Bakare AG, Iji PA. Morphological and physiological features in small ruminants: an adaptation strategy for survival under changing climatic conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:1497-1505. [PMID: 38700715 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Climate change due to natural human activity is a significant global phenomenon affecting the sustainability of most countries' livestock industries. Climate change factors such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, direct and indirect sun radiation, and wind have significant consequences on feed, water, pasture availability, and the re-emergence of diseases in livestock. All these variables have a considerable impact on livestock production and welfare. However, animals' ability to respond and adapt to changes in climate differs within species and breeds. Comparatively, small ruminants are more adaptive to the adverse effects of climate change than large ruminants in terms of reproduction performance, survival, production yield, and resistance to re-emerging diseases. This is mainly due to their morphological features against harsh climate effects. Tropical breeds are more adaptive to the adverse effects of climate change than small temperate ruminants. However, the difference in morphological characteristics towards adaptation to the impact of climate change will guide the development of suitable policies on the selection of breeding stock suitable for different regions in the world. The choice of breeds based on morphological features and traits is an essential strategy in mitigating and minimizing the effects of climate change on small ruminants' production and welfare. This review highlights the adaptive morphological features within and among breeds of small ruminants toward adaptation to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Danmaigoro
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Koronivia Campus, P. O. Box 1544, Nausori, Suva, Fiji.
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Kelantan Malaysia, Pengkalan Chepa 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mahmud Abdullahi Muhammad
- Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Niger State College of Agriculture, Mokwa, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Kabeer Abubakar
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systemes, Aix-Marselille Uneversite, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, 13005, France
| | - Royford Bundi Magiri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Koronivia Campus, P. O. Box 1544, Nausori, Suva, Fiji
| | - Archibold Garikayi Bakare
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Koronivia Campus, P. O. Box 1544, Nausori, Suva, Fiji
| | - Paul Ade Iji
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Koronivia Campus, P. O. Box 1544, Nausori, Suva, Fiji
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Egbuniwe IC, Akogwu MS, Obetta TU. Mechanisms underlying reproductive responses of Japanese quails to heat stress conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02742-1. [PMID: 39075280 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to heat stress can cause a significant increase in the death rate and disease susceptibility of poultry birds, ultimately impacting the profitability of the poultry industry. Despite being a more economical choice, Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) are not immune to the harmful effects of heat stress. Quails may experience negative effects on their reproductive performance due to excessive reactive molecules caused by heat stress. However, they have developed various mechanisms to maintain their reproductive abilities in such conditions. The neuroendocrine system in birds plays a vital role in regulating their reproductive responses to thermal stress, and it is also connected to other environmental factors such as photoperiod that can impact their reproductive performance. Hormones are crucial in the complex interactions necessary for sexual maturation and reproductive responses to heat stress in Japanese quails living in stressful thermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martins Steven Akogwu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Timothy Ugochukwu Obetta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Gou F, Lin Q, Tu X, Zhu J, Li X, Chen S, Hu C. Hesperidin Alleviated Intestinal Barrier Injury, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Disorder of Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondria Contact Sites under Oxidative Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16276-16286. [PMID: 38981046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
As primary flavonoids extracted from citrus fruits, hesperidin has been attracting attention widely for its capacity to act as antioxidants that are able to scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many factors have made oxidative stress a risk factor for the occurrence of intestinal barrier injury, which is a serious health threat to human beings. However, little data are available regarding the underlying mechanism of hesperidin alleviating intestinal injury under oxidative stress. Recently, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mitochondria contact sites (ERMCSs) have aroused increasing concerns among scholars, which participate in mitochondrial dynamics and Ca2+ transport. In our experiment, 24 piglets were randomly divided into 4 groups. Piglets in the diquat group and hesperidin + diquat group received an intraperitoneal injection of diquat (10 mg/kg), while piglets in the hesperidin group and hesperidin + diquat group received hesperidin (300 mg/kg) with feed. The results indicated that hesperidin alleviated growth restriction and intestinal barrier injury in piglets compared with the diquat group. Hesperidin ameliorated oxidative stress and restored antioxidant capacity under diquat exposure. The mitochondrial dysfunction was markedly alleviated via hesperidin versus diquat group. Meanwhile, hesperidin alleviated ER stress and downregulated the PERK pathway. Furthermore, hesperidin prevented the disorder of ERMCSs by downregulating the level of ERMCS proteins, decreasing the percentage of mitochondria with ERMCSs/total mitochondria and the ratio of ERMCSs length/mitochondrial perimeter. These results suggested hesperidin could alleviate ERMCS disorder and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, which subsequently decreased ROS production and alleviated intestinal barrier injury of piglets under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Gou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodian Tu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaokui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Caihong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Gou F, Cai F, Li X, Lin Q, Zhu J, Yu M, Chen S, Lu J, Hu C. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes involve in oxidative stress-induced intestinal barrier injury and mitochondrial dysfunction under diquat exposing. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3906-3919. [PMID: 38567716 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Many factors induced by environmental toxicants have made oxidative stress a risk factor for the intestinal barrier injury and growth restriction, which is serious health threat for human and livestock and induces significant economic loss. It is well-known that diquat-induced oxidative stress is implicated in the intestinal barrier injury. Although some studies have shown that mitochondria are the primary target organelle of diquat, the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Recently, mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) have aroused increasing concerns among scholars, which participate in mitochondrial dynamics and signal transduction. In this study, we investigated whether MAMs involved in intestinal barrier injury and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by diquat-induced oxidative stress in piglets and porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells). The results showed that diquat induced growth restriction and impaired intestinal barrier. The mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased and mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased following diquat exposure. The ultrastructure of mitochondria and MAMs was also disturbed. Meanwhile, diquat upregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress marker protein and activated PERK pathway. Furthermore, loosening MAMs alleviated intestinal barrier injury, decrease of antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by diquat in IPEC-J2 cells, while tightening MAMs exacerbated diquat-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These results suggested that MAMs may be associated with the intestinal barrier injury and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by diquat in the jejunum of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Gou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengzhou Cai
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minjie Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaokui Chen
- School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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Pignet AL, Schellnegger M, Hecker A, Kamolz LP, Kotzbeck P. Modeling Wound Chronicity In Vivo: The Translational Challenge to Capture the Complexity of Chronic Wounds. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1454-1470. [PMID: 38483357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In an aging society with common lifestyle-associated health issues such as obesity and diabetes, chronic wounds pose a frequent challenge that physicians face in everyday clinical practice. Therefore, nonhealing wounds have attracted much scientific attention. Several in vitro and in vivo models have been introduced to deepen our understanding of chronic wound pathogenesis and amplify therapeutic strategies. Understanding how wounds become chronic will provide insights to reverse or avoid chronicity. Although choosing a suitable model is of utmost importance to receive valuable outcomes, an ideal in vivo model capturing the complexity of chronic wounds is still missing and remains a translational challenge. This review discusses the most relevant mammalian models for wound healing studies and provides guidance on how to implement the hallmarks of chronic wounds. It highlights the benefits and pitfalls of established models and maps out future avenues for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lisa Pignet
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; COREMED - Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Graz, Austria; Research Unit for Tissue Repair and Reconstruction, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marlies Schellnegger
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; COREMED - Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Graz, Austria; Research Unit for Tissue Repair and Reconstruction, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Andrzej Hecker
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; COREMED - Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Graz, Austria; Research Unit for Tissue Repair and Reconstruction, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lars-Peter Kamolz
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; COREMED - Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Kotzbeck
- Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; COREMED - Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Graz, Austria; Research Unit for Tissue Repair and Reconstruction, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Giampaoli O, Messi M, Merlet T, Sciubba F, Canepari S, Spagnoli M, Astolfi ML. Landfill fire impact on bee health: beneficial effect of dietary supplementation with medicinal plants and probiotics in reducing oxidative stress and metal accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-31561-x. [PMID: 38158534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The honey bee is an important pollinator insect susceptible to environmental contaminants. We investigated the effects of a waste fire event on elemental content, oxidative stress, and metabolic response in bees fed different nutrients (probiotics, Quassia amara, and placebo). The level of the elements was also investigated in honey and beeswax. Our data show a general increase in elemental concentrations in all bee groups after the event; however, the administration of probiotics and Quassia amara help fight oxidative stress in bees. Significantly lower concentrations of Ni, S, and U for honey in the probiotic group and a general and significant decrease in elemental concentrations for beeswax in the probiotic group and Li in the Quassia amara group were observed after the fire waste event. The comparison of the metabolic profiles through pre- and post-event PCA analyses showed that bees treated with different feeds react differently to the environmental event. The greatest differences in metabolic profiles are observed between the placebo-fed bees compared to the others. This study can help to understand how some stress factors can affect the health of bees and to take measures to protect these precious insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Giampaoli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Messi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Merlet
- Department of Chemistry, Toulouse INP - ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, 31030, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabio Sciubba
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- C.N.R. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St, 00015, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Spagnoli
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Hygiene, INAIL, via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Astolfi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Tian J, Jiang Q, Bao X, Yang F, Li Y, Sun H, Yao K, Yin Y. Plant-derived squalene supplementation improves growth performance and alleviates acute oxidative stress-induced growth retardation and intestinal damage in piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:386-398. [PMID: 38058564 PMCID: PMC10695848 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Piglets are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress, which causes inferior growth performance and intestinal damage. Squalene (SQ), a natural bioactive substance enriched in shark liver oil, shows excellent antioxidant properties and can currently be obtained at a low cost from deodorizer distillate during the production of plant oil. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant-derived SQ supplementation on the growth performance of piglets and explore the beneficial roles of SQ against oxidative stress and intestinal injury in diquat-challenged piglets. Forty piglets were randomly divided into five groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with SQ at 0, 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/kg for 5 weeks. Acute oxidative stress was induced in the piglets with diquat (10 mg/kg BW) at the fourth week of the experiment, followed by a 7-d recovery period. Results showed that before the diquat challenge, SQ supplementation significantly improved growth performance (average daily gain and feed conversion ratio) and serum antioxidant status, and after the diquat challenge, SQ supplementation significantly mitigated diquat-induced growth arrest, intestinal villous atrophy, intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, intestinal hyperpermeability, and deficiency of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-3). Under oxidative stress induced by diquat, SQ supplementation consistently improved the antioxidant status of the small intestine, liver, and muscle. In vitro, SQ was shown to alleviate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced increase of the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis of porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Taken together, SQ supplementation improves growth performance and effectively alleviates acute oxidative stress-induced growth retardation and intestinal injury via improving antioxidant capacity in piglets. Our findings may provide an efficient strategy for alleviating oxidative stress-induced inferior growth performance and intestinal damage in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Xuetai Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Fan Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Haihui Sun
- Yichun Dahaigui Life Science Co., Ltd, Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Kang Yao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100008, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410000, China
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Afzal S, Abdul Manap AS, Attiq A, Albokhadaim I, Kandeel M, Alhojaily SM. From imbalance to impairment: the central role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress-induced disorders and therapeutic exploration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1269581. [PMID: 37927596 PMCID: PMC10622810 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1269581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased production and buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to various health issues, including metabolic problems, cancers, and neurological conditions. Our bodies counteract ROS with biological antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, and GPx, which help prevent cellular damage. However, if there is an imbalance between ROS and these antioxidants, it can result in oxidative stress. This can cause genetic and epigenetic changes at the molecular level. This review delves into how ROS plays a role in disorders caused by oxidative stress. We also look at animal models used for researching ROS pathways. This study offers insights into the mechanism, pathology, epigenetic changes, and animal models to assist in drug development and disease understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryar Afzal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aimi Syamima Abdul Manap
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Attiq
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Sameer M. Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Leon-Icaza SA, Bagayoko S, Vergé R, Iakobachvili N, Ferrand C, Aydogan T, Bernard C, Sanchez Dafun A, Murris-Espin M, Mazières J, Bordignon PJ, Mazères S, Bernes-Lasserre P, Ramé V, Lagarde JM, Marcoux J, Bousquet MP, Chalut C, Guilhot C, Clevers H, Peters PJ, Molle V, Lugo-Villarino G, Cam K, Berry L, Meunier E, Cougoule C. Druggable redox pathways against Mycobacterium abscessus in cystic fibrosis patient-derived airway organoids. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011559. [PMID: 37619220 PMCID: PMC10449475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (Mabs) drives life-shortening mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, primarily because of its resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. To date, our knowledge on the host and bacterial determinants driving Mabs pathology in CF patient lung remains rudimentary. Here, we used human airway organoids (AOs) microinjected with smooth (S) or rough (R-)Mabs to evaluate bacteria fitness, host responses to infection, and new treatment efficacy. We show that S Mabs formed biofilm, and R Mabs formed cord serpentines and displayed a higher virulence. While Mabs infection triggers enhanced oxidative stress, pharmacological activation of antioxidant pathways resulted in better control of Mabs growth and reduced virulence. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the CFTR is associated with better growth and higher virulence of S and R Mabs. Finally, pharmacological activation of antioxidant pathways inhibited Mabs growth, at least in part through the quinone oxidoreductase NQO1, and improved efficacy in combination with cefoxitin, a first line antibiotic. In conclusion, we have established AOs as a suitable human system to decipher mechanisms of CF-driven respiratory infection by Mabs and propose boosting of the NRF2-NQO1 axis as a potential host-directed strategy to improve Mabs infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adonai Leon-Icaza
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Salimata Bagayoko
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Vergé
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Nino Iakobachvili
- M4i Nanoscopy Division, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Chloé Ferrand
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Talip Aydogan
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions (LPHI), Université Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Célia Bernard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Angelique Sanchez Dafun
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Murris-Espin
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Larrey, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Centre de ressource et de compétence pour la mucoviscidose de l’adulte (CRCM adulte), CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Mazières
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Larrey, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Jean Bordignon
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Serge Mazères
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | | | - Victoria Ramé
- Imactiv-3D SAS, 1 Place Pierre POTIER, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Julien Marcoux
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Bousquet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Chalut
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Guilhot
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Peters
- M4i Nanoscopy Division, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Virginie Molle
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions (LPHI), Université Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Geanncarlo Lugo-Villarino
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Kaymeuang Cam
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Berry
- Laboratory of Pathogen Host Interactions (LPHI), Université Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Etienne Meunier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Cougoule
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse III–Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
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Liang C, Ren Y, Tian G, He J, Zheng P, Mao X, Yu J, Yu B. Dietary glutathione supplementation attenuates oxidative stress and improves intestinal barrier in diquat-treated weaned piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37133420 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2023.2199806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of glutathione (GSH) against oxidative stress and intestinal barrier disruption caused by diquat (an oxidative stress inducer) in weaned piglets. Twenty-four piglets were randomly assigned to four treatments with six pigs per treatment for an 18-d trial. Treatments were basal diet, basal diet + diquat challenge, 50 mg/kg GSH diets + diquat challenge and 100 mg/kg GSH diets + diquat challenge. On day 15, piglets in basal diet group and diquat-challenged groups were intraperitoneally injected with sterile saline and diquat at 10 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The results showed that GSH supplementation improved growth performance of diquat-injected piglets from days 15 to 18 (p < 0.05), especially at a dose of 100 mg/kg GSH. Meanwhile, diquat also caused oxidative stress and intestinal barrier damage in piglets. However, GSH supplementation enhanced the antioxidant capacity of serum and jejunum, as evidenced by the increase in GSH content and total superoxide dismutase activities and the decrease in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine concentrations (p < 0.05). GSH also up-regulated the mRNA expressions of intestinal tight junction protein (zonula occludens 1, ZO1; occludin, OCLN; claudin-1, CLDN1) and mitochondrial biogenesis and function (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha, PGC1α; mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM; cytochrome c, CYCS), compared with diquat-challenged piglets in basal diet (p < 0.05). Thus, the study demonstrates that GSH protects piglets from oxidative stress caused by diquat and 100 mg/kg GSH has a better protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanlin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang Q, Yang L, Gao H, Kuang X, Xiao H, Yang C, Cheng Y, Zhang L, Guo X, Zhong Y, Li M. APE1 promotes non-homologous end joining by initiating DNA double-strand break formation and decreasing ubiquitination of artemis following oxidative genotoxic stress. J Transl Med 2023; 21:183. [PMID: 36894994 PMCID: PMC9997026 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) imparts radio-resistance by repairing isolated lesions via the base excision repair (BER) pathway, but whether and how it is involved in the formation and/or repair of DSBs remains mostly unknown. METHODS Immunoblotting, fluorescent immunostaining, and the Comet assay were used to investigate the effect of APE1 on temporal DSB formation. Chromatin extraction, 53BP1 foci and co-immunoprecipitation, and rescue assays were used to evaluate non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair and APE1 effects. Colony formation, micronuclei measurements, flow cytometry, and xenograft models were used to examine the effect of APE1 expression on survival and synergistic lethality. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect APE1 and Artemis expression in cervical tumor tissues. RESULTS APE1 is upregulated in cervical tumor tissue compared to paired peri-tumor, and elevated APE1 expression is associated with radio-resistance. APE1 mediates resistance to oxidative genotoxic stress by activating NHEJ repair. APE1, via its endonuclease activity, initiates clustered lesion conversion to DSBs (within 1 h), promoting the activation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a key kinase in the DNA damage response (DDR) and NHEJ pathway. APE1 then participates in NHEJ repair directly by interacting with DNA- PKcs. Additionally, APE1 promotes NHEJ activity by decreasing the ubiquitination and degradation of Artemis, a nuclease with a critical role in the NHEJ pathway. Overall, APE1 deficiency leads to DSB accumulation at a late phase following oxidative stress (after 24 h), which also triggers activation of Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), another key kinase of the DDR. Inhibition of ATM activity significantly promotes synergistic lethality with oxidative stress in APE1-deficient cells and tumors. CONCLUSION APE1 promotes NHEJ repair by temporally regulating DBS formation and repair following oxidative stress. This knowledge provides new insights into the design of combinatorial therapies and indicates the timing of administration and maintenance of DDR inhibitors for overcoming radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Lujie Yang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Han Gao
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Xunjie Kuang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - He Xiao
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center of Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China.
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Effects of the Vitamin D3 on Alleviating the Oxidative Stress Induced by Diquat in Wenchang Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040711. [PMID: 36830496 PMCID: PMC9951941 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is an indispensable micronutrient in livestock and poultry feed. Its function in antioxidant stress has been reported. We investigate whether the addition of different concentrations of VD3 to the diet affects the production performance, slaughter performance, meat quality, organ index, and gut injury on the diquat (DQ)-induced model of oxidative stress in Wenchang chickens. Four hundred and eighty one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into six groups: control (basal diet), 4000 VD (basal diet + VD3 4000 IU per kg feed intake), 1000 VD+DI (DQ, basal diet + VD3 1000 IU per kg feed intake), 2000 VD+DI (DQ, basal diet + VD3 2000 IU per kg feed intake), and 4000 VD+DI (DQ, basal diet + VD3 4000 IU per kg feed intake). The results showed that the addition of VD3 to the diet promoted DQ-induced weight loss and reduced ADFI, slaughter rate, splenic index, and pH after 1 h and 24 h in the leg muscles. VD3 decreased the increase in content of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) among proinflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05) and increased the reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokines content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) (p < 0.05) induced by DQ. In addition, liver and kidney injury biomarkers and the intestinal permeability index in serum were disordered after treatment with DQ (p < 0.05). VD3 perfected the increase of D-lactic acid (D-LA), diamine oxidase (DAO), total cholesterol (T-CHO), creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (p < 0.05); it increased the decrease of albumin (ALB) content (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, VD3 regulated the intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier. Moreover, DQ induced a decrease in total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity in the serum, liver, and jejunum (p < 0.05), and an increase in malonaldehyde (MDA) content (p < 0.05). However, the addition of different levels of VD3 could alleviate the above phenomenon of oxidative stress in Wenchang chickens to different degrees. Thus, this research suggested that the addition of VD3 can relieve the DQ-induced oxidative stress of Wenchang chickens, and the level of VD3 acquisition is positively correlated with the remission effect.
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Pterostilbene Confers Protection against Diquat-Induced Intestinal Damage with Potential Regulation of Redox Status and Ferroptosis in Broiler Chickens. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8258354. [PMID: 36733420 PMCID: PMC9889155 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8258354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes damage to macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, and lipid, and has been recognized as a crucial driver of the onset and progression of several intestinal disorders. Pterostilbene, one of the natural antioxidants, has attracted considerable attention owing to its multiple biological activities. In the present study, we established an oxidative stress model in broiler chickens via injection with diquat to investigate whether pterostilbene could attenuate diquat-induced intestinal damage and reveal the underlying mechanisms. We found that diquat-induced decreases in the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the level of reduced glutathione and the increase in hydrogen peroxide content in plasma and jejunum were significantly alleviated by pterostilbene (P < 0.05). Pterostilbene supplementation also decreased intestinal permeability and jejunal apoptosis rate, improved jejunal villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and promoted the transcription and translation of jejunal tight junction proteins occludin and zona occludens 1 in diquat-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, pterostilbene reversed diquat-induced mitochondrial injury in the jejunum, as indicated by the decreased reactive oxygen species level and elevated activities of superoxide dismutase 2 and mitochondrial respiratory complexes (P < 0.05). Importantly, administering pterostilbene maintained iron homeostasis, inhibited lipid peroxidation, and regulated the expression of the markers of ferroptosis in the jejunum of diquat-exposed broilers (P < 0.05). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway in the jejunum of diquat-exposed broilers was also activated by pterostilbene (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our study provides evidence that pterostilbene alleviates diquat-induced intestinal mucosa injury and barrier dysfunction by strengthening antioxidant capacity and regulating ferroptosis of broiler chickens.
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Zha P, Wei L, Liu W, Chen Y, Zhou Y. Effects of dietary supplementation with chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and hepatic inflammation in broiler chickens subjected to diquat-induced oxidative stress. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102479. [PMID: 36669355 PMCID: PMC9871335 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on broilers subjected to (DQ)-induced oxidative stress. In experiment 1, one hundred and ninety-two male one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were distributed into 4 groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 250, 500, or 1,000 mg/kg CGA for 21 d. In experiment 2, an equivalent number of male one-day-old chicks were allocated to 4 treatments for a 21-d trial: 1) Control group, normal birds fed a basal diet; 2) DQ group, DQ-challenged birds fed a basal diet; and 3) and 4) CGA-treated groups: DQ-challenged birds fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 or 1,000 mg/kg CGA. The intraperitoneal DQ challenge was performed at 20 d. In experiment 1, CGA administration linearly increased 21-d body weight, and weight gain and feed intake during 1 to 21 d (P < 0.05). CGA linearly and/or quadratically increased total antioxidant capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, elevated glutathione level, and reduced malondialdehyde accumulation in serum, liver, and/or jejunum (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, compared with the control group, DQ challenge reduced body weight ratio (P < 0.05), which was reversed by CGA administration (P < 0.05). DQ challenge increased serum total protein level, aspartate aminotransferase activity, and total bilirubin concentration (P < 0.05), which were normalized when supplementing 500 mg/kg and/or 1,000 mg/kg CGA (P < 0.05). DQ administration elevated hepatic interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels (P < 0.05), and the values of interleukin-1β were normalized to control values when supplementing CGA (P < 0.05). DQ injection decreased serum superoxide dismutase activity, hepatic catalase activity, and serum and hepatic glutathione level, but increased malondialdehyde concentration in serum and liver (P < 0.05), and the values of these parameters (except hepatic catalase activity) were reversed by 500 and/or 1,000 mg/kg CGA. The results suggested that CGA could improve growth performance, alleviate oxidative stress, and ameliorate hepatic inflammation in DQ-challenged broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Perera MR, Sinclair JH. The Human Cytomegalovirus β2.7 Long Non-Coding RNA Prevents Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species to Maintain Viral Gene Silencing during Latency. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911017. [PMID: 36232315 PMCID: PMC9569889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a significant source of disease for the immunosuppressed and immunonaive. The treatment of HCMV is made more problematic by viral latency, a lifecycle stage in which the virus reduces its own gene expression and produces no infectious virus. The most highly expressed viral gene during HCMV latency is the viral β2.7 long non-coding RNA. Although we have recently shown that the β2.7 lncRNA lowers levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during infection in monocytes, how this impacts latency is unclear. We now show that β2.7 is important for establishing and maintaining HCMV latency by aiding the suppression of viral lytic gene expression and that this is directly related to its ability to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consistent with this, we also find that exogenous inducers of ROS cause reactivation of latent HCMV. These effects can be compensated by treatment with an antioxidant to lower ROS levels. Finally, we show that ROS-mediated reactivation is independent of myeloid differentiation, but instead relies on NF-κB activation. Altogether, these results reveal a novel factor that is central to the complex process that underpins HCMV latency. These findings may be of particular relevance in the transplant setting, in which transplanted tissue/organs are subject to very high ROS levels, and HCMV reactivation poses a significant threat.
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Li X, Zhu J, Lin Q, Yu M, Lu J, Feng J, Hu C. Effects of Curcumin on Mitochondrial Function, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes in the Jejunum of Oxidative Stress Piglets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:8974-8985. [PMID: 35849777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) are not only critical for the communication between two organelles but also crucial for cellular processes such as energy metabolism, calcium signaling, and mitochondrial dynamics. The effects of curcumin on jejunal mitochondria, ER, and MAMs in piglets under diquat-induced oxidative stress were assessed. Twenty-four piglets (35 days old, weaned at 21 days, 9.54 ± 0.28 kg, six piglets per group) were used in the study: (1) control group; (2) control + curcumin group; (3) diquat group; and (4) diquat + curcumin group. Curcumin was mixed with the basic diet at 200 mg/kg and fed to piglets. Piglets were administered intraperitoneally of 0.9% saline solution or diquat at 10 mg/kg body weight on the first day. Compared with the diquat group, curcumin improved jejunal morphology and barrier function. Meanwhile, curcumin improved mitochondrial function and ultrastructure, alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and inhibited apoptosis induced by diquat. Moreover, curcumin prevented excessive MAM formation and alleviated MAM disorder. In conclusion, dietary curcumin ameliorated jejunal damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, attenuated ERS, and alleviated MAM disorder in oxidative stress piglets induced by diquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Lin
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Yu
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Caihong Hu
- College of Animal Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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Shephard AM, Brown NS, Snell‐Rood EC. Anthropogenic Zinc Exposure Increases Mortality and Antioxidant Gene Expression in Monarch Butterflies with Low Access to Dietary Macronutrients. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1286-1296. [PMID: 35119130 PMCID: PMC9314993 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biologists seek to understand why organisms vary in their abilities to tolerate anthropogenic contaminants, such as heavy metals. However, few studies have considered how tolerance may be affected by condition-moderating factors such as dietary resource availability. For instance, the availability of crucial limiting macronutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, can vary across space and time either naturally or due to anthropogenic nutrient inputs (e.g., agricultural fertilizers or vehicle emissions). Organisms developing in more macronutrient-rich environments should be of higher overall condition, displaying a greater ability to tolerate metal contaminants. In monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus), we factorially manipulated dietary macronutrient availability and exposure to zinc, a common metal contaminant in urban habitats that can be toxic but also has nutritional properties. We tested whether (1) the ability to survive zinc exposure depends on dietary macronutrient availability and (2) whether individuals exposed to elevated zinc levels display higher expression of antioxidant genes, given the roles of antioxidants in combatting metal-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to elevated zinc reduced survival only for monarchs developing on a low-macronutrient diet. However, for monarchs developing on a high-macronutrient diet, elevated zinc exposure tended to increase survival. In addition, monarchs exposed to elevated zinc displayed higher expression of antioxidant genes when developing on the low-macronutrient diet but lower expression when developing on the high-macronutrient diet. Altogether, our study shows that organismal survival and oxidative stress responses to anthropogenic zinc contamination depend on the availability of macronutrient resources in the developmental environment. In addition, our results suggest the hypothesis that whether zinc acts as a toxicant or a nutrient may depend on macronutrient supply. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1286-1296. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Noah S. Brown
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Emilie C. Snell‐Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
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Chen J, Luo Y, Li Y, Chen D, Yu B, He J. Chlorogenic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Intestinal Epithelium Injury by Co-Regulating the PI3K/Akt and IκBα/NF-κB Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121915. [PMID: 34943017 PMCID: PMC8750628 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural polyphenol compound abundant in green plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we explore its protective effects and potential mechanisms of action on intestinal epithelium exposure to oxidative stress (OS). We show that CGA attenuated OS-induced intestinal inflammation and injury in weaned pigs, which is associated with elevated antioxidant capacity and decreases in inflammatory cytokine secretion and cell apoptosis. In vitro study showed that CGA elevated phosphorylation of two critical signaling proteins of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, Akt and nuclear factor erythroid-derived-related factor 2, leading to the elevated expression of intracellular antioxidant enzymes and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Specific inhibition of HO-1 partially abolished its anti-inflammatory effect in IPEC-J2 cells exposure to OS. Interestingly, CGA suppressed the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 cells by decreasing phosphorylation of two critical inflammatory signaling proteins, NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IκBα) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Specific inhibition of HO-1 cannot fully abolish its anti-inflammatory effect on the TNF-α-challenged cells. These results strongly suggested that CGA is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that can attenuate OS-induced inflammation and injury of intestinal epithelium via co-regulating the PI3K/Akt and IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Guilin Fengpeng Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Guilin 541199, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.C.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (D.C.); (B.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence:
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Le Coz J, Ilic S, Fibi-Smetana S, Schatzmayr G, Zaunschirm M, Grenier B. Exploring With Transcriptomic Approaches the Underlying Mechanisms of an Essential Oil-Based Phytogenic in the Small Intestine and Liver of Pigs. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:650732. [PMID: 34458349 PMCID: PMC8386756 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.650732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytogenics are plant-based feed additives utilized in animal nutrition to support animal growth and health. Worldwide restrictions and bans on the use of antibiotic growth promoters resulted in an increased demand for in-feed alternatives including phytogenics. However, several challenges remain for technology readiness in animal industry, especially regarding the standardization of the ingredients as well as our knowledge on the cellular mechanisms underlying their biological effects. In the present study, 32 weaned piglets were allocated for 28 days to four experimental diets, a control diet, a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) diet, or the same two diets but with the addition of oxidized oil (OO) at 10%. The last two diets aimed at evaluating the antioxidant properties of PFA. At the end of the trial, the ileum and the liver of the pigs were sampled, and RNA were isolated for profiling their transcriptome via RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). In the ileum, the gene set enrichment analysis showed that the activity of several immune pathways (NF-kB, interferon α/β, antimicrobial peptide, and collagen pathways) was reduced in piglets fed PFA compared to the control piglets. As expected, the addition of OO induced strong effects on the liver transcriptome and most likely accounted for the significant growth impairment. The likelihood ratio test across the four diets revealed a global response driven by the oxidative stress challenge with hundreds of genes associated with fatty acid β-oxidation and peroxisome in the liver. The expression levels of those genes in the piglets fed OO+PFA were much less affected by the challenge. Collectively, the effects seen at day 28 suggest that substances in the PFA formulation provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The use of RNA-Seq in animal nutrition allows exploring and deciphering novel mechanisms of natural growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Le Coz
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Tulln, Austria
| | - Suzana Ilic
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Tulln, Austria
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PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILES OF WILD WESTERN TIGER SNAKES (NOTECHIS SCUTATUS OCCIDENTALIS) BEFORE AND AFTER SIX MONTHS OF CAPTIVITY. J Wildl Dis 2021; 57:253-263. [PMID: 33822160 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-20-00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Urban wildlife often suffer poorer health than their counterparts living in more pristine environments due to exposure to anthropogenic stressors such as habitat degradation and environmental contamination. As a result, the health of urban versus nonurban snakes might be assessed by differences in their plasma biochemistries. We compared the plasma profiles of western tiger snakes (Notechis scutatus occidentalis) from a heavily urbanized wetland and a natural, nonurbanized wetland. Despite the urbanized snakes having lower body mass index, we found no significant difference between the plasma profiles of the two populations. We collected snakes from each population and kept them in captivity for 6 mo, providing them with stable conditions, uncontaminated (exempt from heavy metals and pesticides) food and water, and lowered parasite intensity in an attempt to promote better health through depuration. After captivity, snakes experienced a significant improvement in body mass index and significant changes in their plasma profiles. Snakes from the natural wetland initially had more variation of DNA damage; mean concentration of DNA damage in all snakes slightly decreased, but not significantly, after captivity. We present the plasma biochemistry profiles from western tiger snakes both before and after captivity and suggest a period of removal from natural stressors via captivity may offer a more reliable result of how plasma profiles of healthy animals might appear.
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Shephard AM, Zambre AM, Snell‐Rood EC. Evaluating costs of heavy metal tolerance in a widely distributed, invasive butterfly. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1390-1402. [PMID: 34025774 PMCID: PMC8127708 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal tolerance to environmental pollution is thought to be constrained by fitness costs, where variants with higher survival in polluted environments have lower performance in nonpolluted environments. Yet, costs are not always detected in empirical studies. One hypothesis suggests that whether tolerance costs emerge depends on the degree of heterogeneity populations experience with respect to pollution exposure. For instance, in populations confined to local environments where pollution is persistent, selection may favour alleles that enhance pollution tolerance but reduce performance in nonpolluted environments (costs). However, in broadly distributed populations that undergo selection in both polluted and nonpolluted patches, costs should be eroded. Understanding tolerance costs in broadly distributed populations is relevant to management of invasive species, which are highly dispersive, wide ranging, and often colonize disturbed or polluted patches such as agricultural monocultures. Therefore, we conducted a case study quantifying costs of tolerance to zinc pollution (a common heavy metal pollutant) in wild cabbage white butterflies (Pieris rapae). This wide ranging, highly dispersive and invasive pest periodically encounters metal pollution by consuming plants in urban and agricultural settings. In contrast to expected costs of tolerance, we found that cabbage white families with greater zinc tolerance also produced more eggs and had higher reproductive effort under nonpolluted conditions. These results contribute to a more general hypothesis of why costs of pollution tolerance vary across studies: patchy selection with pollutants should erode costs and may favour genotypes that perform well under both polluted and nonpolluted conditions. This might partly explain why widely distributed invasive species are able to thrive in diverse, polluted and nonpolluted habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Shephard
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Amod M. Zambre
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Emilie C. Snell‐Rood
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
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22
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Rossbach LM, Oughton DH, Maremonti E, Eide DM, Brede DA. Impact of multigenerational exposure to AgNO 3 or NM300K Ag NPs on antioxidant defense and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 216:112178. [PMID: 33812211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans towards NM300K silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) has previously been demonstrated. In the current study, the sensitivity to a range of secondary stressors (CeO2 NP, Ce3+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Paraquat) following the multigenerational exposure to silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs NM300K) or AgNO3 was investigated. This revealed improved tolerance to the ROS inducer Paraquat with higher fecundity after pre-exposure to Ag NP, indicating an involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in the adaptive response to NM300K. The potential contribution of the antioxidant defenses related to adaptive responses was investigated across six generations of exposure using the sod-1::GFP reporter (GA508), and the Grx1-roGFP2 (GRX) biosensor strains. Results showed an increase in sod-1 expression by the F3 generation, accompanied by a reduction of GSSG/GSH ratios, from both AgNO3 and Ag NP exposures. Continuous exposure to AgNO3 and Ag NP until the F6 generation resulted in a decreased sod-1 expression, with a concomitant increase in GSSG/GSH ratios. The results thus show that despite an initial enhancement, the continuous exposure to Ag caused a severe impairment of the antioxidant defense capacity in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Rossbach
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, P.O. BOX 5003 NMBU, No-1432 Ås, Norway.
| | - Deborah H Oughton
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, P.O. BOX 5003 NMBU, No-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Erica Maremonti
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, P.O. BOX 5003 NMBU, No-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Dag M Eide
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Lovisenberggata 8, 0456 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag A Brede
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, P.O. BOX 5003 NMBU, No-1432 Ås, Norway
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Bacou E, Walk C, Rider S, Litta G, Perez-Calvo E. Dietary Oxidative Distress: A Review of Nutritional Challenges as Models for Poultry, Swine and Fish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:525. [PMID: 33801670 PMCID: PMC8066155 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox system is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. When redox homeostasis is disrupted through an increase of reactive oxygen species or a decrease of antioxidants, oxidative distress occurs resulting in multiple tissue and systemic responses and damage. Poultry, swine and fish, raised in commercial conditions, are exposed to different stressors that can affect their productivity. Some dietary stressors can generate oxidative distress and alter the health status and subsequent productive performance of commercial farm animals. For several years, researchers used different dietary stressors to describe the multiple and detrimental effects of oxidative distress in animals. Some of these dietary challenge models, including oxidized fats and oils, exposure to excess heavy metals, soybean meal, protein or amino acids, and feeding diets contaminated with mycotoxins are discussed in this review. A better understanding of the oxidative distress mechanisms associated with dietary stressors allows for improved understanding and evaluation of feed additives as mitigators of oxidative distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bacou
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, F-68128 Village-Neuf, France; (S.R.); (E.P.-C.)
| | - Carrie Walk
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; (C.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Sebastien Rider
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, F-68128 Village-Neuf, France; (S.R.); (E.P.-C.)
| | - Gilberto Litta
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; (C.W.); (G.L.)
| | - Estefania Perez-Calvo
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, F-68128 Village-Neuf, France; (S.R.); (E.P.-C.)
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24
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Qiao L, Dou X, Yan S, Zhang B, Xu C. Biogenic selenium nanoparticles synthesized by Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 alleviate diquat-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in C57BL/6 mice through their antioxidant activity. Food Funct 2021; 11:3020-3031. [PMID: 32243488 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00132e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) as an essential micronutrient plays a crucial role in human health. Biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) possess attractive biological properties, biocompatibility, stability and low-toxicity. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of biogenic SeNPs of size 50-80 nm synthesized by Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 (L. casei ATCC 393) on diquat-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in C57BL/6 mice and the intrinsic mechanisms. Our results showed that oral administration of SeNPs significantly inhibited the increase of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), diamine oxidase (DAO) and d-lactic acid (d-LA) levels induced by diquat, and increased the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in serum and jejunum. Moreover, SeNPs increased the number of goblet cells, decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), maintained the mitochondrial functions, and improved the expression levels of occludin and claudin-1 in jejunum compared to the diquat-induced oxidative stress model group. In addition, SeNPs activated the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived-2)-like 2 (Nrf2), and improved the protein levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and NADPH dehydrogenase (NQO)-1 compared to other treatment groups. These results suggested that biogenic SeNPs synthesized by L. casei ATCC 393 can protect the intestinal barrier function against oxidative damage via Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Xina Dou
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Shuqi Yan
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Baohua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Chunlan Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
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25
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Jin Y, Zhai Z, Jia H, Lai J, Si X, Wu Z. Kaempferol attenuates diquat-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:6889-6899. [PMID: 34338265 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00402f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kaempferol, a flavonol component of plants, is well-known to exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects remain elusive. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that kaempferol attenuated diquat-induced oxidative damage and intestinal barrier dysfunction by ameliorating oxidative damage and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. Compared with the control group, diquat treatment led to enhanced intracellular ROS production, increased mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptosis, which were accompanied by cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, reduced cell migration, and disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier function. These effects triggered by diquat were reversed by kaempferol. Further study showed that the protective effect of kaempferol was associated with an enhanced mRNA level of genes related to cell cycle progression (cyclin D1, CDK4, and E2F1) and genes implicated in the anti-oxidant system (GSR, GSTA4, and HO-1), up-regulated abundance of tight junctions (ZO-1, ZO-2, occludin, and claudin-4), as well as enhanced Nrf2, an anti-oxidant transcription factor. In conclusion, we revealed a functional role of kaempferol in the intestinal barrier. Ingestion of kaempferol-rich foods might be a potential strategy to improve the integrity and function of enterocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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26
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Chen YP, Gu YF, Zhao HR, Zhou YM. Dietary squalene supplementation alleviates diquat-induced oxidative stress and liver damage of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100919. [PMID: 33518324 PMCID: PMC7936218 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of squalene supplementation on growth performance, oxidative status, and liver function of diquat-challenged broilers. One hundred forty-four 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to 3 groups, and each group consisted of 6 replicates of 8 birds each. The three groups were as follows: 1) nonchallenged broilers fed with a basal diet (control group), 2) diquat-challenged broilers fed a basal diet, and 3) diquat-challenged broilers fed with a basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g/kg of squalene. Broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/mL of diquat solution at a dosage of 1 mL/kg of BW or an equivalent amount of saline at 20 d. Compared with the control group, weight gain and BW change rate during 24 h after injection were decreased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), and the diquat-induced compromised growth performance was improved by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). Diquat administration reduced plasma superoxide dismutase activity and increased malondialdehyde accumulation and glutathione peroxidase activity in both plasma and the liver (P < 0.05). In contrast, plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in diquat-challenged broilers was reduced by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The hepatic glutathione level was reduced by diquat administration (P < 0.05), whereas its level in plasma and the liver of diquat-challenged broilers was increased by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The relative liver weight of broilers was increased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), with its value being intermediate in the squalene-supplemented group (P > 0.05). The plasma aminotransferase activities and total bilirubin concentration were increased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), which were reduced by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The mRNA abundance of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (P < 0.05) was upregulated by diquat treatment, regardless of squalene supplementation. The mRNA abundance of hepatic glutathione peroxidase 1 and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2–associated X protein was upregulated by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), which was reversed by squalene administration (P < 0.05). Squalene increased NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 mRNA abundance and decreased caspase 3 mRNA abundance in the liver of diquat-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). The results suggested that squalene can increase weight gain, improve oxidative status, and alleviate liver injury in diquat-challenged broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y F Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - H R Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Trigo S, Gomes ACR, Cardoso SC, Teixeira M, Cardoso GC, Soares MC. Cleaner blues: Condition-dependent colour and cleaner fish service quality. Behav Processes 2020; 181:104246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Romero-Haro AA, Alonso-Alvarez C. Oxidative Stress Experienced during Early Development Influences the Offspring Phenotype. Am Nat 2020; 196:704-716. [PMID: 33211561 DOI: 10.1086/711399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOxidative stress (OS) experienced early in life can affect an individual's phenotype. However, its consequences for the next generation remain largely unexplored. We manipulated the OS level endured by zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) during their development by transitorily inhibiting the synthesis of the key antioxidant glutathione ("early-high-OS"). The offspring of these birds and control parents were cross fostered at hatching to enlarge or reduce its brood size. Independent of parents' early-life OS levels, the chicks raised in enlarged broods showed lower erythrocyte glutathione levels, revealing glutathione sensitivity to environmental conditions. Control biological mothers produced females, not males, that attained a higher body mass when raised in a benign environment (i.e., the reduced brood). In contrast, biological mothers exposed to early-life OS produced heavier males, not females, when allocated in reduced broods. Early-life OS also affected the parental rearing capacity because 12-day-old nestlings raised by a foster pair with both early-high-OS members grew shorter legs (tarsus) than chicks from other groups. The results indicate that environmental conditions during development can affect early glutathione levels, which may in turn influence the next generation through both pre- and postnatal parental effects. The results also demonstrate that early-life OS can constrain the offspring phenotype.
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29
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Friesen CR, Noble DWA, Olsson M. The role of oxidative stress in postcopulatory selection. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20200065. [PMID: 33070735 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two decades ago, von Schantz et al. (von Schantz T, Bensch S, Grahn M, Hasselquist D, Wittzell H. 1999 Good genes, oxidative stress and condition-dependent sexual signals. Proc. R. Soc. B 266, 1-12. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0597)) united oxidative stress (OS) biology with sexual selection and life-history theory. This set the scene for analysis of how evolutionary trade-offs may be mediated by the increase in reactive molecules resulting from metabolic processes at reproduction. Despite 30 years of research on OS effects on infertility in humans, one research area that has been left behind in this integration of evolution and OS biology is postcopulatory sexual selection-this integration is long overdue. We review the basic mechanisms in OS biology, why mitochondria are the primary source of ROS and ATP production during oxidative metabolism, and why sperm, and its performance, is uniquely susceptible to OS. We also review how postcopulatory processes select for antioxidation in seminal fluids to counter OS and the implications of the net outcome of these processes on sperm damage, sperm storage, and female and oocyte manipulation of sperm metabolism and repair of DNA to enhance offspring fitness. This article is part of the theme issue 'Fifty years of sperm competition'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Friesen
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel W A Noble
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Mats Olsson
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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30
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Fuciarelli TM, Rollo CD. Trans-Generational Impacts of Paternal Irradiation in a Cricket: Damage, Life-History Features and Hormesis in F1 Offspring. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820983214. [PMID: 33424519 PMCID: PMC7758660 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820983214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals exposed to significant stress express multi-modal responses to buffer negative impacts. Trans-generational impacts have been mainly studied in maternal lines, with paternal lines having received less attention. Here, we assessed paternal generational effects using irradiated male crickets (Acheta domesticus), and their F1 offspring (irradiated males mated to unirradiated females). Paternal transmission of radiation impacts emerged in multiple life history traits when compared to controls. Irradiated males and their F1 offspring expressed hormetic responses in survivorship and median longevity at mid-range doses. For F0 males, 7 Gy & 10 Gy doses extended F0 longevity by 39% and 34.2% respectively. F1 offspring of 7 Gy and 10 Gy sires had median lifespans 71.3% and 110.9% longer, respectively. Survivorship for both F0 7 Gy (p < 0.0001) and 10 Gy (p = 0.0055) males and F1 7 Gy and 10 Gy (p < 0.0001) offspring significantly surpassed that of controls. Irradiated F0 males and F1 offspring had significantly reduced growth rates. For F0 males, significant reductions were evident in 4Gy-12 Gy males and F1 offspring in 4 Gy (p < 0.0001), 7 Gy (p < 0.0001), and 10 Gy (p = 0.017). Our results indicate paternal effects; that irradiation directly impacted males but also mediated diverse alterations in the life history features (particularly longevity and survivorship) of F1 offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. David Rollo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Mendonça R, Vullioud P, Katlein N, Vallat A, Glauser G, Bennett NC, Helfenstein F. Oxidative costs of cooperation in cooperatively breeding Damaraland mole-rats. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201023. [PMID: 32900314 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within cooperatively breeding societies, individuals adjust cooperative contributions to maximize indirect fitness and minimize direct fitness costs. Yet, little is known about the physiological costs of cooperation, which may be detrimental to direct fitness. Oxidative stress, the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (by-products of energy production) and antioxidant protection, may represent such a cost when cooperative behaviours are energetically demanding. Oxidative stress can lead to the accumulation of cellular damage, compromising survival and reproduction, thus mediating the trade-off between these competing life-history traits. Here, we experimentally increased energetically demanding cooperative contributions in captive Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis). We quantified oxidative stress-related effects of increased cooperation on somatic and germline tissues, and the trade-off between them. Increased cooperative contributions induced oxidative stress in females and males, without increasing somatic damage. Males accumulated oxidative damage in their germline despite an increase in antioxidant defences. Finally, oxidative damage accumulation became biased towards the germline, while antioxidant protection remained biased towards the soma, suggesting that males favour the maintenance of somatic tissues (i.e. survival over reproduction). Our results show that heightened cooperative contributions can ultimately affect direct fitness through oxidative stress costs, which may represent a key selective pressure for the evolution of cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Mendonça
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Nathan Katlein
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, Northern Cape, South Africa
| | - Armelle Vallat
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Fabrice Helfenstein
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecophysiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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33
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Wong CY, Al-Salami H, Dass CR. Current status and applications of animal models in pre-clinical development of orally administered insulin-loaded nanoparticles. J Drug Target 2020; 28:882-903. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1759078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Y. Wong
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Crispin R. Dass
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Australia
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Navabpour S, Yamchi A, Bagherikia S, Kafi H. Lead-induced oxidative stress and role of antioxidant defense in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:793-802. [PMID: 32255940 PMCID: PMC7113336 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate soil lead pollution on biochemical properties and gene expression pattern of antioxidant enzymes in three wheat cultivars (Morvarid, Gonbad and Tirgan) at flag leaf sheath swollen stage. Lead (Pb(NO3)2) was used at four different concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg of soil). The leaf and roots samples were taken at late-booting stage (Zadoks code, GS: 45). The results showed that lead heavy metal toxicity increased the expression of some genes and the activity of key enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in wheat. Moreover, the cell oxidation levels (MDA, LOX) enhanced under lead stress conditions. The relative gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GPX and APX) increased significantly in the both leaves and root tissues under lead stress conditions. The level of gene expression and enzymatic activity were higher in the root than the leaf tissue. There was no significant difference among cultivars in each of lead concentrations but Morvarid and Tirgan cultivars had more tolerance to toxic concentrations of lead when compared to Gonbad cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Navabpour
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ahad Yamchi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Bagherikia
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Kafi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Stahlschmidt ZR, Jeong N, Johnson D, Meckfessel N. From phenoloxidase to fecundity: food availability does not influence the costs of oxidative challenge in a wing-dimorphic cricket. J Comp Physiol B 2019; 190:17-26. [PMID: 31720761 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-019-01244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stressed animals often struggle to maintain optimal investment into a number of fitness-related traits, which can result in some traits being more adversely affected than others. Variation in stress-related costs may also depend on the environment-costs can be facultative and only occur when resources are limited, or they may be obligate and occur regardless of resource availability. Dynamics of oxidative stress may be important in life-history evolution given their role in a range of biological processes-from reproduction to immunity to locomotion. Thus, we examined how resource (food) availability influences the costs of oxidative challenge to fitness-related traits spanning several levels of biological organization. We manipulated food availability and oxidative status in females of the wing-dimorphic sand field cricket (Gryllus firmus) during early adulthood. We then determined investment into several traits: reproduction (ovary mass), soma (body mass and flight musculature), and immune function (total phenoloxidase activity). Oxidative challenge (paraquat exposure) obligated costs to somatic tissue and a parameter of immune function regardless of food availability, but it did not affect reproduction. We show that the costs of oxidative challenge are trait-specific, but we did not detect a facultative (food-dependent) cost of oxidative challenge to any trait measured. Although the dynamics of oxidative stress are complex, our study is an important step toward a more complete understanding of the roles that resource availability and redox systems play in mediating life histories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Jeong
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - D Johnson
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
| | - N Meckfessel
- University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, 95211, USA
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Gavrić J, Despotović S, Prokić M, Gavrilović B, Radovanović T, Anđelković M, Tomović L, Borković-Mitić S, Pavlović S, Saičić Z. Do different diets affect oxidative stress biomarkers and metal bioaccumulation in two snake species? Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 223:26-34. [PMID: 31128280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study we examined possible differences in heavy metal accumulation and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and muscle of two semi-aquatic snakes: grass snake (Natrix natrix) and dice snake (N. tessellata), that inhabit the same environment but differ in prey diversity. The obtained results revealed some interspecies, inter-tissue, prey-snake and prey-prey differences in heavy metal concentrations. Grass snakes pray contained significantly higher concentrations of Al, Cr and Fe as compared to food of dice snakes. Both investigated snakes accumulated generally lower concentrations of metals than their prey, indicating that they are not at risk of contaminant biomagnification. A significant interspecies difference in accumulation was observed only for Cu and Mn concentrations. On the other hand, analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers showed clear differences between the investigated snake species and the two investigated tissues. The liver of grass snake had increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase activities in comparison to dice snake. In muscle, a reverse trend was observed for the activities of these three enzymes, as well as for glutathione peroxidase activity. The higher number of significant correlations observed between oxidative stress biomarkers and heavy metal concentrations in grass snake points to upregulation of the antioxidative system (AOS), which resulted in a lower TBARS concentration. Results show that while the investigated snake species did not differ significantly in the accumulated metals, their defense mechanisms were different. This reveals the complexity of the AOS and points to the cooperation of different AOS components in individuals from natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Svetlana Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Anđelković
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Tomović
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica Borković-Mitić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađan Pavlović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Saičić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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Mazur-Kuśnirek M, Antoszkiewicz Z, Lipiński K, Kaliniewicz J, Kotlarczyk S. The effect of polyphenols and vitamin E on the antioxidant status and meat quality of broiler chickens fed low-quality oil. Arch Anim Breed 2019; 62:287-296. [PMID: 31807639 PMCID: PMC6852880 DOI: 10.5194/aab-62-287-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin E and
polyphenols on the antioxidant potential and meat quality of broiler chickens
fed diets supplemented with low-quality oil. The experimental materials
comprised 120 male Ross 308 broilers (six treatments, 10 replications, two
birds per replication). Dietary supplementation with vitamin E and/or
polyphenols was applied in the following experimental design: group I
(negative control) – without supplementation without low-quality oil; group
II (positive control) – without supplementation + low-quality oil; group
III – supplementation with 100 mg kg-1 of vitamin E+ low-quality
oil; group IV – 200 mg kg-1 of vitamin E + low-quality oil; group V
– 100 mg kg-1 of vitamin E and 100 mg kg-1 of polyphenols +
low-quality oil; group VI – 200 mg kg-1 of polyphenols +
low-quality oil. Rapeseed oil oxidised under laboratory conditions was added
to the diets of broiler chickens from groups II to VI. The applied
antioxidants had no effect on the growth performance of chickens fed oxidised
oil. Increased dietary inclusion levels of vitamin E and/or polyphenols
improved the antioxidant status in the blood and increased the content of
non-enzymatic antioxidants in the liver and breast muscles of broilers fed
low-quality oil. The tested antioxidants had no influence on carcass quality
parameters in chickens fed oxidised oil. However, birds fed diets with the
addition of vitamin E were characterised by a higher gizzard weight and
higher pH of gizzard digesta. Dietary supplementation with vitamin E and
polyphenols or polyphenols alone contributed to a lighter colour and lower pH
of breast muscles and an increase in the content of fat and ash in the breast
muscles of broilers fed oxidised oil. The breast muscles of birds given 100
or 200 mg kg-1 of supplemental vitamin E were characterised by higher
concentrations of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and
hypocholesterolemic fatty acids (DFAs), a more desirable DFA/OFA
ratio, and a lower
atherogenicity index (AI). Polyphenols combined with vitamin E can be a
valuable component of diets for broiler chickens when the problem of
low-quality oil occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mazur-Kuśnirek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Zofia Antoszkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Lipiński
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaliniewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kotlarczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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Pérez-Rodríguez L, Redondo T, Ruiz-Mata R, Camacho C, Moreno-Rueda G, Potti J. Vitamin E Supplementation—But Not Induced Oxidative Stress—Influences Telomere Dynamics During Early Development in Wild Passerines. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Yan Z, Huang X, Xie Y, Song M, Zhu K, Ding S. Macrolides induce severe cardiotoxicity and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:1414-1421. [PMID: 30308910 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Macrolide antibiotics (MALs) are widely used for both human and animal health. Most MALs and their metabolites transfer into aquatic organisms and environment resulting in violent consequences. Previous studies show that MALs cause cardiotoxicity in humans and mammals. However, the potential risk of these chemicals in aquatic organisms remains unclear. Here, we used zebrafish embryos as a model to evaluate the toxicity of MALs. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to four typical MALs including azithromycin (AZM), clarithromycin (CLR), tilmicosin (TMS) and tylosin (TYL) to study their cardiotoxicity. The heart rate of zebrafish embryos showed similar biphasic distribution in the presence of four MALs at 2 days post-fertilization (dpf). The heart rate increased significantly at low levels of MALs while decreased obviously at high levels. Subsequently, TMS was chose to study its acute toxicity and developmental toxicity, which caused pericardial edema and spinal curvature in zebrafish embryos at 4 dpf. Furthermore, we found that TMS triggered oxidative stress, with decreased SOD activities and increased MDA contents. Lastly, apoptosis was observed in zebrafish embryos under TMS treatment, with up-regulation of apoptosis associated genes such as p53, bcl 2, bax, caspase 3 and caspase 9, confirmed by increased protein expression based on Western blot analysis. Taken together, these data indicate that MALs can cause serious toxicity in the development of zebrafish. Great caution should be taken due to the huge consumption of MALs for food animal production and treatments with TMS for infections in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yangzhouyun Xie
- National Center for NanoScience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Meirong Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuangyang Ding
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China.
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40
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Hood WR, Zhang Y, Taylor HA, Park NR, Beatty AE, Weaver RJ, Yap KN, Kavazis AN. Prior reproduction alters how mitochondria respond to an oxidative event. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.195545. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.195545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An animal's pace of life is mediated by the physiological demands and stressors it experiences (e.g., reproduction) and one likely mechanism that underlies these effects is oxidative stress. Reproduction has been shown to increase or reduce oxidative stress under different conditions and modify mitochondrial performance. We hypothesized that the changes associated with reproduction can alter how animals respond to future oxidative stressors. We tested this theory by comparing the organ-specific mitochondrial response in female wild-derived house mice. Specifically, we compared mice that reproduced or were virgins to mice that were exposed to an oxidant (i.e., radiation) or not-exposed to radiation. We measured liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial density, respiratory performance, enzyme activity, and oxidant production, as well as markers of oxidative damage to tissues. In the liver, prior reproduction prevented a radiation-induced reduction in mitochondrial density and increased mitochondrial respiratory performance. In skeletal muscle, prior reproduction resulted in a radiation-induced decline in mitochondrial density which could reduce the bioenergetic capacity of skeletal muscle mitochondria. Yet, electron transport chain complex I activity in skeletal muscle, which dropped with reproduction, returned to control levels following oxidant exposure. The results of this investigation indicate that prior reproduction alters the response of mitochondria to an oxidative challenge in an organ-specific manner. Such changes could have differential effects on future reproductive performance and risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy R. Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
- Current address: School of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, USA
| | | | - Noel R. Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
- Current address: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, USA
| | - Abby E. Beatty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
| | - Ryan J. Weaver
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
| | - Kang Nian Yap
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, USA
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41
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Alonso-Alvarez C, García-de Blas E, Mateo R. Dietary canthaxanthin reduces xanthophyll uptake and red coloration in adult red-legged partridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.185074. [PMID: 30224370 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.185074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids give color to conspicuous animal signals that are often the product of sexual selection. Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in carotenoid-based signaling is critical to understanding how these traits evolve. However, these mechanisms remain only partially understood. Carotenoids are usually viewed as scarce dietary antioxidants whose allocation to ornaments may trade off against health. This trade-off would ensure its reliability as a signal of individual quality. In the case of red (keto)carotenoids, the literature suggests that some species may show constraints in their uptake. Canthaxanthin is one of the most common ketocarotenoids in red ornaments of animals. It is often commercially used as a dietary supplement to obtain redder birds (e.g. poultry). We increased the dietary canthaxanthin levels in captive red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa). This species shows red non-feathered parts mostly pigmented by another common ketocarotenoid: astaxanthin. We studied the impact on the uptake of carotenoids and vitamins and, finally, on coloration. We also tested the potential protective effect of canthaxanthin when exposing birds to a free radical generator (diquat). Canthaxanthin did not apparently protect birds from oxidative stress, but interfered with the absorption of yellow carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin). Zeaxanthin is a precursor of astaxanthin in enzymatic pathways, and their levels in tissues and eggs were lower in canthaxanthin-supplied birds. This led to lower astaxanthin levels in ornaments and paler coloration. As far as we know, this is the first report of a carotenoid supplementation decreasing animal coloration. The results have implications for understanding carotenoid-based signaling evolution, but also for improving husbandry/experimental procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alonso-Alvarez
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, Dpto Ecología Evolutiva, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-de Blas
- Wildlife Toxicology Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, UCLM, CSIC), Ronda de Toledo sn, 13007 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Wildlife Toxicology Group, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC, UCLM, CSIC), Ronda de Toledo sn, 13007 Ciudad Real, Spain
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42
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Shephard AM, Aksenov V, Tran J, Nelson CJ, Boreham DR, Rollo CD. Hormetic Effects of Early Juvenile Radiation Exposure on Adult Reproduction and Offspring Performance in the Cricket ( Acheta domesticus). Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818797499. [PMID: 30210269 PMCID: PMC6130088 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818797499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation can have positive impacts on biological performance—a concept known as hormesis. Although radiation hormesis is well-documented, the predominant focus has been medical. In comparison, little research has examined potential effects of early life radiation stress on organismal investment in life history traits that closely influence evolutionary fitness (eg, patterns of growth, survival, and reproduction). Evaluating the fitness consequences of radiation stress is important, given that low-level radiation pollution from anthropogenic sources is considered a major threat to natural ecosystems. Using the cricket (Acheta domesticus), we tested a wide range of doses to assess whether a single juvenile exposure to radiation could induce hormetic benefits on lifetime fitness measures. Consistent with hormesis, we found that low-dose juvenile radiation positively impacted female fecundity, offspring size, and offspring performance. Remarkably, even a single low dose of radiation in early juvenile development can elicit a range of positive fitness effects emerging over the life span and even into the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Shephard
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Vadim Aksenov
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tran
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor J Nelson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas R Boreham
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - C David Rollo
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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43
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Hood WR, Zhang Y, Mowry AV, Hyatt HW, Kavazis AN. Life History Trade-offs within the Context of Mitochondrial Hormesis. Integr Comp Biol 2018; 58:567-577. [PMID: 30011013 PMCID: PMC6145418 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary biologists have been interested in the negative interactions among life history traits for nearly a century, but the mechanisms that would create this negative interaction remain poorly understood. One variable that has emerged as a likely link between reproductive effort and longevity is oxidative stress. Specifically, it has been proposed that reproduction generates free radicals that cause oxidative stress and, in turn, oxidative stress damages cellular components and accelerates senescence. We propose that there is limited support for the hypothesis because reactive oxygen species (ROS), the free radicals implicated in oxidative damage, are not consistently harmful. With this review, we define the hormetic response of mitochondria to ROS, termed mitochondrial hormesis, and describe how to test for a mitohormetic response. We interpret existing data using our model and propose that experimental manipulations will further improve our knowledge of this response. Finally, we postulate how the mitohormetic response curve applies to variation in animal performance and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - A V Mowry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Product Development, Stimlabs, Roswell, GA 30076, USA
| | - H W Hyatt
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - A N Kavazis
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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44
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Moschilla JA, Tomkins JL, Simmons LW. State-dependent changes in risk-taking behaviour as a result of age and residual reproductive value. Anim Behav 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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45
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Reichert S, Stier A. Does oxidative stress shorten telomeres in vivo? A review. Biol Lett 2018; 13:rsbl.2017.0463. [PMID: 29212750 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The length of telomeres, the protective caps of chromosomes, is increasingly used as a biomarker of individual health state because it has been shown to predict chances of survival in a range of endothermic species including humans. Oxidative stress is presumed to be a major cause of telomere shortening, but most evidence to date comes from in vitro cultured cells. The importance of oxidative stress as a determinant of telomere shortening in vivo remains less clear and has recently been questioned. We, therefore, reviewed correlative and experimental studies investigating the links between oxidative stress and telomere shortening in vivo While correlative studies provide equivocal support for a connection between oxidative stress and telomere attrition (10 of 18 studies), most experimental studies published so far (seven of eight studies) partially or fully support this hypothesis. Yet, this link seems to be tissue-dependent in some cases, or restricted to particular categories of individual (e.g. sex-dependent) in other cases. More experimental studies, especially those decreasing antioxidant protection or increasing pro-oxidant generation, are required to further our understanding of the importance of oxidative stress in determining telomere length in vivo Studies comparing growing versus adult individuals, or proliferative versus non-proliferative tissues would provide particularly important insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Reichert
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Animal and Plant Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Antoine Stier
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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46
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Koch RE, Hill GE. Do carotenoid‐based ornaments entail resource trade‐offs? An evaluation of theory and data. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Koch
- Department of Biological SciencesAuburn University Auburn Alabama
- School of Biological SciencesMonash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - Geoffrey E. Hill
- Department of Biological SciencesAuburn University Auburn Alabama
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47
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Losdat S, Blount JD, Marri V, Maronde L, Richner H, Helfenstein F. Effects of an early-life paraquat exposure on adult resistance to oxidative stress, plumage colour and sperm performance in a wild bird. J Anim Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Losdat
- Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Jonathan D. Blount
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation; College of Life & Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Penryn UK
| | - Viviana Marri
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Lea Maronde
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Heinz Richner
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Fabrice Helfenstein
- Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
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48
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Rapid larval development under time stress reduces adult life span through increasing oxidative damage. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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49
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No evidence that carotenoid pigments boost either immune or antioxidant defenses in a songbird. Nat Commun 2018; 9:491. [PMID: 29403051 PMCID: PMC5799171 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary carotenoids have been proposed to boost immune system and antioxidant functions in vertebrate animals, but studies aimed at testing these physiological functions of carotenoids have often failed to find support. Here we subject yellow canaries (Serinus canaria), which possess high levels of carotenoids in their tissue, and white recessive canaries, which possess a knockdown mutation that results in very low levels of tissue carotenoids, to oxidative and pathogen challenges. Across diverse measures of physiological performance, we detect no differences between carotenoid-rich yellow and carotenoid-deficient white canaries. These results add further challenge to the assumption that carotenoids are directly involved in supporting physiological function in vertebrate animals. While some dietary carotenoids provide indirect benefits as retinoid precursors, our observations suggest that carotenoids themselves may play little to no direct role in key physiological processes in birds. Dietary carotenoids have been proposed to have physiological benefits in addition to contributing to coloration. Here, Koch et al. compare immune and antioxidant functions in yellow, carotenoid-rich vs. white, carotenoid-deficient canaries and find no difference, suggesting a limited physiological role of carotenoids.
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Weaver RJ, Wang P, Hill GE, Cobine PA. An in vivo test of the biologically relevant roles of carotenoids as antioxidants in animals. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.183665. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.183665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are well known for their contribution to the vibrant coloration of many animals and have been hypothesized to be important antioxidants. Surprisingly few examples of carotenoids acting as biologically relevant antioxidants in vivo exist, in part because experimental designs often employ dosing animals with carotenoids at levels that are rarely observed in nature. Here we use an approach that reduces carotenoid content from wild-type levels to test for the effect of carotenoids as protectants against an oxidative challenge. We used the marine copepod, Tigriopus californicus reared on a carotenoid-free or a carotenoid-restored diet of nutritional yeast and then exposed them to a prooxidant. We found that carotenoid-deficient copepods not only accumulated more damage, but also were more likely to die during an oxidative challenge than carotenoid-restored copepods. We suggest that carotenoid reduction, and not supplementation, better tests the proposed roles of carotenoids in other physiological functions in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Weaver
- Department of Biological Sciences, 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Philip Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Geoffrey E. Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Paul A. Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, 331 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
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