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Puig-Gironès R, Santos X, Bros V. Long-interval effects of wildfires on the functional diversity of land snails. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162677. [PMID: 36894101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In fire-prone regions, fire is a major natural disturbance which shapes ecosystem function and community composition. Fire has a direct and dramatic effect on soil fauna and, especially, on non-mobile species such as land snails. The factors that make the Mediterranean Basin a fire-prone region may also lead to the appearance after fires of certain functional traits related to ecological and physiological characteristics. Knowledge of how community structure and function change along the post-fire succession will be useful for understanding the processes that drive biodiversity patterns in burnt areas and for implementing appropriate biodiversity management strategies. Here, we examine long-interval taxonomic and functional changes occurred in a snail community four and 18 years after a fire in the Sant Llorenç del Munt i l'Obac Natural Park (NE Spain). Our field-based study demonstrates that the land snail assemblage responds both taxonomically and functionally to fire and that there was a clear replacement of dominant species from the first to the second sampling period. Variation in community composition between different post-fire ages can be attributed to snail species traits and successional changes in post-fire habitat conditions. At taxonomic level, there was great variation in snail species turnover between both periods, being the development of the understorey vegetation structure the main driver of this variation. The replacement of functional traits between times since fire suggests that xerophilic and mesophilic preferences play an important role after fire and are largely determined by the complexity of post-fire microhabitats. Our analysis indicates that immediately after a fire there is a time-window of opportunity that attracts species specializing in early successional habitats, which thereafter are replaced due to the changing conditions resulting from succession. Consequently, knowing the functional traits of species is important for determining the impacts of disturbances on the taxonomic and functional communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Puig-Gironès
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Girona, C. Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Equip de Biologia de la Conservació, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals & Institut de la Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBIO), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Xavier Santos
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas s/n, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Vicenç Bros
- Oficina Tècnica de Parcs Naturals, Diputació de Barcelona, Urgell 187, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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2
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Pieńkowska JR, Manganelli G, Proćków M, Gürelli G, Kosicka E, Giusti F, Lesicki A. Monacha samsunensis (Pfeiffer, 1868): another Anatolian species introduced to Western Europe, where it is known as Monacha atacis Gittenberger & de Winter, 1985 (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Hygromiidae). THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2022.2100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. R. Pieńkowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - G. Manganelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Italy
| | - M. Proćków
- Museum of Natural History, University of Wrocław, Poland
| | - G. Gürelli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Kastamonu University, Turkey
| | - E. Kosicka
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - F. Giusti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, Italy
| | - A. Lesicki
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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3
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Martínez-De León G, Dani L, Hayoz-Andrey A, Humann-Guilleminot S, Arlettaz R, Humbert JY. Mid- and long-term responses of land snail communities to the intensification of mountain hay meadows management. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:19. [PMID: 35168564 PMCID: PMC8845342 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-01972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Species-rich semi-natural grasslands are impacted by the severe land-use changes that are affecting mountain regions, compromising their high biodiversity value. In particular, sprinkler irrigation and increased fertilisation stimulate vegetation growth, modifying and homogenising habitat conditions for ground-dwelling invertebrates. Among them, land snails have been largely understudied despite their commonness and vulnerability to small-scale habitat alteration. This study investigated the mid- and long-term responses of land snail communities to management intensification of montane and subalpine hay meadows. Mid-term effects were studied using a randomised block design experiment, mimicking an intensification gradient with different levels of irrigation and fertilisation applied during 5 years. Long-term effects were examined relying on an observational approach that consisted in comparing snail communities in meadows managed intensively for > 20 years with those from the 5-year experimental module. Results We show that management intensification initially boosts snail densities, but erodes species richness by − 35% in intensively-managed meadows in the long term. Contrary to our expectations, drought-tolerant (xerophilous) snails benefitted from grassland intensification, whereas mesophilous species accounted for most species losses due to intensification in the long run, indicating that the latter may be especially sensitive to the hostile microclimate conditions abruptly prevailing in a meadow after mowing. Soil pH was also a principal determinant of land snail occurrence, with almost no specimen recorded in acidic meadows (pH < 5.5), while plant diversity favoured overall snail abundance. Conclusions Despite the fact that xerophilous snails appear tolerant to management intensification, we found that several drought-sensitive species are lost in the long term. We conclude that the preservation of species-rich land snail communities in mountain hay meadows requires the conservation and restoration of low-input grasslands on basic soils for preventing further species losses of gastropod fauna. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-022-01972-4.
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Diversity of Land Snail Tribe Helicini (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae): Where Do We Stand after 20 Years of Sequencing Mitochondrial Markers? DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sequences of mitochondrial genes revolutionized the understanding of animal diversity and continue to be an important tool in biodiversity research. In the tribe Helicini, a prominent group of the western Palaearctic land snail fauna, mitochondrial data accumulating since the 2000s helped to newly delimit genera, inform species-level taxonomy and reconstruct past range dynamics. We combined the published data with own unpublished sequences and provide a detailed overview of what they revealed about the diversity of the group. The delimitation of Helix is revised by placing Helix godetiana back in the genus and new synonymies are suggested within the genera Codringtonia and Helix. The spatial distribution of intraspecific mitochondrial lineages of several species is shown for the first time. Comparisons between species reveal considerable variation in distribution patterns of intraspecific lineages, from broad postglacial distributions to regions with a fine-scale pattern of allopatric lineage replacement. To provide a baseline for further research and information for anyone re-using the data, we thoroughly discuss the gaps in the current dataset, focusing on both taxonomic and geographic coverage. Thanks to the wealth of data already amassed and the relative ease with which they can be obtained, mitochondrial sequences remain an important source of information on intraspecific diversity over large areas and taxa.
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5
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Lami F, Bartomeus I, Nardi D, Beduschi T, Boscutti F, Pantini P, Santoiemma G, Scherber C, Tscharntke T, Marini L. Species-habitat networks elucidate landscape effects on habitat specialisation of natural enemies and pollinators. Ecol Lett 2020; 24:288-297. [PMID: 33201599 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Measuring habitat specialisation is pivotal for predicting species extinctions and for understanding consequences on ecosystem functioning. Here, we sampled pollinator and natural enemy communities in all major habitat types occurring across multiple agricultural landscapes and used species-habitat networks to determine how habitat specialisation changed along gradients in landscape composition and configuration. Although it is well known that landscape simplification often causes the replacement of specialists with generalists, our study provided evidence for intraspecific variation in habitat specialisation, highlighting how a large number of arthropod species adapted their way of selecting habitat resources depending on the landscape structure. Groups with higher diet specialisation and limited foraging flexibility appeared to have a reduced ability to respond to landscape changes, indicating that some arthropod taxa are better able than others to adapt to an increasingly broad set of resources and persist in highly impacted landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lami
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy.,Di4A-Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Ignasi Bartomeus
- Dpto. Ecologia Integrativa, Estación Biológica de Dõnana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - Davide Nardi
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
| | - Tatiane Beduschi
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Francesco Boscutti
- Di4A-Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Paolo Pantini
- Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali "E. Caffi" di Bergamo, Piazza Cittadella 10, Bergamo, 24129, Italy
| | | | - Christoph Scherber
- Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, Bonn, 53113, Germany.,Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Teja Tscharntke
- Agroecology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Marini
- DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
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6
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Schlägel UE, Grimm V, Blaum N, Colangeli P, Dammhahn M, Eccard JA, Hausmann SL, Herde A, Hofer H, Joshi J, Kramer-Schadt S, Litwin M, Lozada-Gobilard SD, Müller MEH, Müller T, Nathan R, Petermann JS, Pirhofer-Walzl K, Radchuk V, Rillig MC, Roeleke M, Schäfer M, Scherer C, Schiro G, Scholz C, Teckentrup L, Tiedemann R, Ullmann W, Voigt CC, Weithoff G, Jeltsch F. Movement-mediated community assembly and coexistence. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1073-1096. [PMID: 32627362 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organismal movement is ubiquitous and facilitates important ecological mechanisms that drive community and metacommunity composition and hence biodiversity. In most existing ecological theories and models in biodiversity research, movement is represented simplistically, ignoring the behavioural basis of movement and consequently the variation in behaviour at species and individual levels. However, as human endeavours modify climate and land use, the behavioural processes of organisms in response to these changes, including movement, become critical to understanding the resulting biodiversity loss. Here, we draw together research from different subdisciplines in ecology to understand the impact of individual-level movement processes on community-level patterns in species composition and coexistence. We join the movement ecology framework with the key concepts from metacommunity theory, community assembly and modern coexistence theory using the idea of micro-macro links, where various aspects of emergent movement behaviour scale up to local and regional patterns in species mobility and mobile-link-generated patterns in abiotic and biotic environmental conditions. These in turn influence both individual movement and, at ecological timescales, mechanisms such as dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, and niche partitioning. We conclude by highlighting challenges to and promising future avenues for data generation, data analysis and complementary modelling approaches and provide a brief outlook on how a new behaviour-based view on movement becomes important in understanding the responses of communities under ongoing environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike E Schlägel
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Grimm
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Colangeli
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Melanie Dammhahn
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jana A Eccard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian L Hausmann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Herde
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Heribert Hofer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Hochschule für Technik HSR Rapperswil, Seestrasse 10, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, 12165, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magdalena Litwin
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sissi D Lozada-Gobilard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marina E H Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Movement Ecology Laboratory, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Karin Pirhofer-Walzl
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Viktoriia Radchuk
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Roeleke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin Schäfer
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Cédric Scherer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Scholz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Teckentrup
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Christian C Voigt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Pennekamp F, Clobert J, Schtickzelle N. The interplay between movement, morphology and dispersal in Tetrahymena ciliates. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8197. [PMID: 31871838 PMCID: PMC6924321 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how and why individual movement translates into dispersal between populations is a long-term goal in ecology. Movement is broadly defined as ‘any change in the spatial location of an individual’, whereas dispersal is more narrowly defined as a movement that may lead to gene flow. Because the former may create the condition for the latter, behavioural decisions that lead to dispersal may be detectable in underlying movement behaviour. In addition, dispersing individuals also have specific sets of morphological and behavioural traits that help them coping with the costs of movement and dispersal, and traits that mitigate costs should be under selection and evolve if they have a genetic basis. Here, we experimentally study the relationships between movement behaviour, morphology and dispersal across 44 genotypes of the actively dispersing unicellular, aquatic model organism Tetrahymena thermophila. We used two-patch populations to quantify individual movement trajectories, as well as activity, morphology and dispersal rate. First, we studied variation in movement behaviour among and within genotypes (i.e. between dispersers and residents) and tested whether this variation can be explained by morphology. Then, we addressed how much the dispersal rate is driven by differences in the underlying movement behaviour. Genotypes revealed clear differences in terms of movement speed and linearity. We also detected marked movement differences between resident and dispersing individuals, mediated by the genotype. Movement variation was partly explained by morphological properties such as cell size and shape, with larger cells consistently showing higher movement speed and higher linearity. Genetic differences in activity and movement were positively related to the observed dispersal and jointly explained 47% of the variation in dispersal rate. Our study shows that a detailed understanding of the interplay between morphology, movement and dispersal may have potential to improve dispersal predictions over broader spatio-temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Pennekamp
- Earth and Life Institute & Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Nicolas Schtickzelle
- Earth and Life Institute & Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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8
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Jacob S, Laurent E, Morel‐Journel T, Schtickzelle N. Fragmentation and the context‐dependence of dispersal syndromes: matrix harshness modifies resident‐disperser phenotypic differences in microcosms. OIKOS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Jacob
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 4, L7‐07‐04 BE‐1348 Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UMR 5321 CNRS/UPS 2 route du CNRS FR‐09200 Moulis France
| | - Estelle Laurent
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 4, L7‐07‐04 BE‐1348 Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Thibaut Morel‐Journel
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 4, L7‐07‐04 BE‐1348 Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Nicolas Schtickzelle
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 4, L7‐07‐04 BE‐1348 Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
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9
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Comte L, Olden JD. Evidence for dispersal syndromes in freshwater fishes. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 285:rspb.2017.2214. [PMID: 29343597 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is a fundamental process defining the distribution of organisms and has long been a topic of inquiry in ecology and evolution. Emerging research points to an interdependency of dispersal with a diverse suite of traits in terrestrial organisms, however the extent to which such dispersal syndromes exist in freshwater species remains uncertain. Here, we test whether dispersal in freshwater fishes (1) is a fixed property of species, and (2) correlates with life-history, morphological, ecological and behavioural traits, using a global dataset of dispersal distances collected from the literature encompassing 116 riverine species and 196 locations. Our meta-analysis revealed a high degree of repeatability and heritability in the dispersal estimates and strong associations with traits related to life-history strategies, energy allocation to reproduction, ecological specialization and swimming skills. Together, these results demonstrate that similar to terrestrial organisms, the multi-dimensional nature of dispersal syndromes in freshwater species offer opportunities for the development of a unifying paradigm of movement ecology that transcend taxonomic and biogeographical realms. The high explanatory power of the models also suggests that trait-based and phylogenetic approaches hold considerable promises to inform conservation efforts in a rapidly changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Comte
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA, USA
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10
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Mortier F, Jacob S, Vandegehuchte ML, Bonte D. Habitat choice stabilizes metapopulation dynamics by enabling ecological specialization. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Mortier
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Dept of Biology, Ghent Univ Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35 BE‐9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Staffan Jacob
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS UMR5321 Moulis France
- Earth and Life Inst., Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
| | - Martijn L. Vandegehuchte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Dept of Biology, Ghent Univ Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35 BE‐9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Dept of Biology, Ghent Univ Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35 BE‐9000 Ghent Belgium
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11
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Jacob S, Laurent E, Haegeman B, Bertrand R, Prunier JG, Legrand D, Cote J, Chaine AS, Loreau M, Clobert J, Schtickzelle N. Habitat choice meets thermal specialization: Competition with specialists may drive suboptimal habitat preferences in generalists. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:11988-11993. [PMID: 30397109 PMCID: PMC6255147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1805574115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited dispersal is classically considered as a prerequisite for ecological specialization to evolve, such that generalists are expected to show greater dispersal propensity compared with specialists. However, when individuals choose habitats that maximize their performance instead of dispersing randomly, theory predicts dispersal with habitat choice to evolve in specialists, while generalists should disperse more randomly. We tested whether habitat choice is associated with thermal niche specialization using microcosms of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a species that performs active dispersal. We found that thermal specialists preferred optimal habitats as predicted by theory, a link that should make specialists more likely to track suitable conditions under environmental changes than expected under the random dispersal assumption. Surprisingly, generalists also performed habitat choice but with a preference for suboptimal habitats. Since this result challenges current theory, we developed a metapopulation model to understand under which circumstances such a preference for suboptimal habitats should evolve. We showed that competition between generalists and specialists may favor a preference for niche margins in generalists under environmental variability. Our results demonstrate that the behavioral dimension of dispersal-here, habitat choice-fundamentally alters our predictions of how dispersal evolve with niche specialization, making dispersal behaviors crucial for ecological forecasting facing environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Jacob
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Estelle Laurent
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Bart Haegeman
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Jérôme G Prunier
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Delphine Legrand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Julien Cote
- Laboratoire Evolution and Diversité Biologique (UMR5174), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexis S Chaine
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
- Toulouse School of Economics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Toulouse, 31015 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Loreau
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (UMR5321), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, F-09200 Moulis, France
| | - Nicolas Schtickzelle
- Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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12
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Bergey EA. Dispersal of a non-native land snail across a residential area is modified by yard management and movement barriers. Urban Ecosyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-018-0815-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Saint-Pé K, Blanchet S, Tissot L, Poulet N, Plasseraud O, Loot G, Veyssière C, Prunier JG. Genetic admixture between captive-bred and wild individuals affects patterns of dispersal in a brown trout (Salmo trutta) population. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Skoracka A, Lopes LF, Alves MJ, Miller A, Lewandowski M, Szydło W, Majer A, Różańska E, Kuczyński L. Genetics of lineage diversification and the evolution of host usage in the economically important wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer, 1969. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 30086701 PMCID: PMC6081818 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the diversification of herbivores through interactions with their hosts is important for their diversity assessment and identification of expansion events, particularly in a human-altered world where evolutionary processes can be exacerbated. We studied patterns of host usage and genetic structure in the wheat curl mite complex (WCM), Aceria tosichella, a major pest of the world's grain industry, to identify the factors behind its extensive diversification. RESULTS We expanded on previous phylogenetic research, demonstrating deep lineage diversification within the taxon, a complex of distinctive host specialist and generalist lineages more diverse than previously assumed. Time-calibrated phylogenetic reconstruction inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data suggests that lineage diversification pre-dates the influence of agricultural practices, and lineages started to radiate in the mid Miocene when major radiations of C4 grasses is known to have occurred. Furthermore, we demonstrated that host specificity is not phylogenetically constrained, while host generalization appears to be a more derived trait coinciding with the expansion of the world's grasslands. Demographic history of specialist lineages have been more stable when compared to generalists, and their expansion pre-dated all generalist lineages. The lack of host-associated genetic structure of generalists indicates gene flow between mite populations from different hosts. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses demonstrated that WCM is an unexpectedly diverse complex of genetic lineages and its differentiation is likely associated with the time of diversification and expansion of its hosts. Signatures of demographic histories and expansion of generalists are consistent with the observed proliferation of the globally most common lineages. The apparent lack of constrains on host use, coupled with a high colonization potential, hinders mite management, which may be further compromised by host range expansion. This study provides a significant contribution to the growing literature on host-association and diversification in herbivorous invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skoracka
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Luís Filipe Lopes
- Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência & Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Rua da Escola Politécnica 58, 1250-102 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Judite Alves
- Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência & Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), University of Lisbon, Rua da Escola Politécnica 58, 1250-102 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adam Miller
- Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Integrative Ecology, Warrnambool, Vic 3280 Australia
| | - Mariusz Lewandowski
- Department of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Szydło
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
| | - Agnieszka Majer
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lechosław Kuczyński
- Population Ecology Lab, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland
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15
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Martin AE, Fahrig L. Habitat specialist birds disperse farther and are more migratory than habitat generalist birds. Ecology 2018; 99:2058-2066. [PMID: 29920659 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Some theories predict habitat specialists should be less dispersive and migratory than generalists, while other theories predict the opposite. We evaluated the cross-species relationship between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal and migration status in 101 bird species breeding in North America and the United Kingdom, using empirical estimates of the degree of habitat specialization from breeding bird surveys and mean dispersal distance estimates from large-scale mark-recapture studies. We found that habitat specialists dispersed farther than habitat generalists, and full migrants had more specialized habitat than partial migrants or resident species. To our knowledge this is the first large-scale, multi-species study to demonstrate a positive relationship between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal, and it is opposite to the pattern found for invertebrates. This finding is particularly interesting because it suggests that trade-offs between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal ability are not conserved across taxonomic groups. This cautions against extrapolation of trait co-occurrence from one species group to another. In particular, it suggests that efforts aimed at conserving the most habitat-specialist temperate-breeding birds will not lead to conservation of the most dispersal-limited species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Martin
- Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Laboratory (GLEL), Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Lenore Fahrig
- Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Laboratory (GLEL), Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Pieńkowska JR, Manganelli G, Giusti F, Hallgass A, Lesicki A. Exploring Monacha cantiana (Montagu, 1803) phylogeography: cryptic lineages and new insights into the origin of the English populations (Eupulmonata, Stylommatophora, Hygromiidae). Zookeys 2018; 765:1-41. [PMID: 29904267 PMCID: PMC5999686 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.765.24386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular analysis of nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 16S ribosomal DNA (16SrDNA) as well as nuclear histone 3 (H3) and internal transcribed spacer 2 of rDNA (ITS2) gene fragments together with morphological analysis of shell and genitalia features showed that English, French and Italian populations usually assigned to Monacha cantiana consist of four distinct lineages (CAN-1, CAN-2, CAN-3, CAN-4). One of these lineages (CAN-1) included most of the UK (five sites) and Italian (five sites) populations examined. Three other lineages represented populations from two sites in northern Italy (CAN-2), three sites in northern Italy and Austria (CAN-3), and two sites in south-eastern France (CAN-4). The taxonomic and nomenclatural setting is only currently available for lineages CAN-1 and CAN-4; a definitive frame for the other two requires much more research. The lineage CAN-1 corresponds to the true M. cantiana (Montagu, 1803) because it is the only one that includes topotypical English populations. The relationships and genetic distances support the hypothesis of the Italian origin of this lineage which was probably introduced to England by the Romans. The lineage CAN-4 is attributed to M. cemenelea (Risso, 1826), for which a neotype has been designated and deposited. Its diagnostic sequences of COI, 16SrDNA, H3 and ITS2 genes have also been deposited in GenBank. Molecular and morphological (shell and genitalia) features showed that M. parumcincta (Rossmässler, 1834) is a distinct taxon from the M. cantiana lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna R. Pieńkowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan; Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Giuseppe Manganelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Universitá di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Folco Giusti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Universitá di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Hallgass
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Universitá di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Andrzej Lesicki
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan; Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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17
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Pieńkowska JR, Proćków M, Górka M, Lesicki A. Distribution of Monacha claustralis (Rossmässler, 1834) and M. cartusiana (O. F. Müller, 1774) (Eupulmonata: Hygromiidae) in central European and Balkan countries: new data. FOLIA MALACOLOGICA 2018. [DOI: 10.12657/folmal.026.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Chenuil A, Saucède T, Hemery LG, Eléaume M, Féral JP, Améziane N, David B, Lecointre G, Havermans C. Understanding processes at the origin of species flocks with a focus on the marine Antarctic fauna. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:481-504. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Chenuil
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE-UMR7263); Aix-Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, Station Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions; F-13007 Marseille France
| | - Thomas Saucède
- UMR6282 Biogéosciences; CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 boulevard Gabriel; F-21000 Dijon France
| | - Lenaïg G. Hemery
- DMPA, UMR 7208 BOREA/MNHN/CNRS/Paris VI/ Univ Caen, 57 rue Cuvier; 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Marc Eléaume
- UMR7205 Institut de Systématique; Evolution et Biodiversité, CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE, CP 24, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier; 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean-Pierre Féral
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE-UMR7263); Aix-Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, Station Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions; F-13007 Marseille France
| | - Nadia Améziane
- UMR7205 Institut de Systématique; Evolution et Biodiversité, CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE, CP 24, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier; 75005 Paris France
| | - Bruno David
- UMR6282 Biogéosciences; CNRS - Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 boulevard Gabriel; F-21000 Dijon France
- Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier; 75005 Paris France
| | - Guillaume Lecointre
- UMR7205 Institut de Systématique; Evolution et Biodiversité, CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-EPHE, CP 24, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier; 75005 Paris France
| | - Charlotte Havermans
- Marine Zoology, Bremen Marine Ecology (BreMarE); University of Bremen, PO Box 330440; 28334 Bremen Germany
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12; D-27570 Bremerhaven Germany
- OD Natural Environment; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29; B-1000 Brussels Belgium
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19
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Tsuruta F, Okajima T, Yano S, Chiba T. Quantification of Endosome and Lysosome Motilities in Cultured Neurons Using Fluorescent Probes. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28570534 DOI: 10.3791/55488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, membrane trafficking systems play important roles in regulating neuronal functions, such as neuronal morphology, synaptic plasticity, survival, and glial communications. To date, numerous studies have reported that defects in these systems cause various neuronal diseases. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying vesicle dynamics may provide influential clues that could aid in the treatment of several neuronal disorders. Here, we describe a method for quantifying vesicle motilities, such as motility distance and rate of movement, using a software plug-in for the ImageJ platform. To obtain images for quantification, we labeled neuronal endosome-lysosome structures with EGFP-tagged vesicle marker proteins and observed the movement of vesicles using a time-lapse microscopy. This method is highly useful and simplify measuring vesicle motility in neurites, such as axons and dendrites, as well as in the soma of both neurons and glial cells. Furthermore, this method can be applied to other cell lines, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. This approach could provide a valuable advancement of our understanding of membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Tsuruta
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba; PhD Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba; Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba;
| | - Tomomi Okajima
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Sarasa Yano
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Tomoki Chiba
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba; PhD Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba; Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba
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20
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Nicolai A, Ansart A. Conservation at a slow pace: terrestrial gastropods facing fast-changing climate. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 5:cox007. [PMID: 28852510 PMCID: PMC5570025 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cox007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The climate is changing rapidly, and terrestrial ectotherms are expected to be particularly vulnerable to changes in temperature and water regime, but also to an increase in extreme weather events in temperate regions. Physiological responses of terrestrial gastropods to climate change are poorly studied. This is surprising, because they are of biodiversity significance among litter-dwelling species, playing important roles in ecosystem function, with numerous species being listed as endangered and requiring efficient conservation management. Through a summary of our ecophysiological work on snail and slug species, we gained some insights into physiological and behavioural responses to climate change that we can organize into the following four threat categories. (i) Winter temperature and snow cover. Terrestrial gastropods use different strategies to survive sub-zero temperatures in buffered refuges, such as the litter or the soil. Absence of the insulating snow cover exposes species to high variability in temperature. The extent of specific cold tolerance might influence the potential of local extinction, but also of invasion. (ii) Drought and high temperature. Physiological responses involve high-cost processes that protect against heat and dehydration. Some species decrease activity periods, thereby reducing foraging and reproduction time. Related costs and physiological limits are expected to increase mortality. (iii) Extreme events. Although some terrestrial gastropod communities can have a good resilience to fire, storms and flooding, an increase in the frequency of those events might lead to community impoverishment. (iv) Habitat loss and fragmentation. Given that terrestrial gastropods are poorly mobile, landscape alteration generally results in an increased risk of local extinction, but responses are highly variable between species, requiring studies at the population level. There is a great need for studies involving non-invasive methods on the plasticity of physiological and behavioural responses and the ability for local adaptation, considering the spatiotemporally heterogeneous climatic landscape, to allow efficient management of ecosystems and conservation of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Nicolai
- UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio/OSUR, Station Biologique Paimpont, Université Rennes 1, 35380 Paimpont, France
| | - Armelle Ansart
- UMR CNRS 6553 EcoBio/OSUR, Université Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
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21
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Dispersal-related traits of the snail Cornu aspersum along an urbanisation gradient: maintenance of mobility across life stages despite high costs. Urban Ecosyst 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-016-0564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Büchi L, Vuilleumier S. Ecological strategies in stable and disturbed environments depend on species specialisation. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Büchi
- Dept of Ecology and Evolution, and Inst. of Microbiology Univ. of Lausanne CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Agroscope, Inst. for Plant Production Sciences CH‐1260 Nyon Switzerland
| | - Séverine Vuilleumier
- Agroscope, Inst. for Plant Production Sciences CH‐1260 Nyon Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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23
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Dahirel M, Ansart A, Madec L. Potential syndromes linking dispersal and reproduction in the hermaphrodite land snail
Cornu aspersum. J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Dahirel
- CNRS‐Université de Rennes 1 UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes Biodiversité Évolution (ECOBIO) Rennes France
| | | | - L. Madec
- CNRS‐Université de Rennes 1 UMR 6553 Ecosystèmes Biodiversité Évolution (ECOBIO) Rennes France
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24
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Uncovering the environmental factors that influence diversity patterns of Mediterranean terrestrial Gastropod communities: a useful tool for conservation. Ecol Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-015-1310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Dahirel M, Cholé H, Séguret A, Madec L, Ansart A. Context dependence of the olfactory perceptual range in the generalist land snail Cornu aspersum. CAN J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2015-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dispersal success in animals depends in part on their perceptual range, i.e., the distance from which they can acquire information about their environment. We studied how the olfactory perceptual range of a generalist species, the brown garden snail (Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774)), varied under controlled conditions depending on the context in which stimuli were presented, whether alone or in the presence of another stimulus with opposite properties. Cornu aspersum preferentially orient themselves towards small nettle (Urtica dioica L.) patches, a highly palatable plant, and move away from repulsive plants if these stimuli are placed up to between 20 and 40 cm away from their starting point. A blend of palatable and repulsive plants, tested together, do not significantly influence the orientation of individuals in either direction. Cornu aspersum are thus capable of detecting and evaluating relatively small potential resource patches from a distance, enabling them to limit costly explorations, but this ability is context-dependent. These data could lead to a better understanding of the behaviour of C. aspersum in very heterogeneous landscapes in relation to this species’ ability to colonise a wide range of anthropised and fragmented habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Dahirel
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
| | - H. Cholé
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
| | - A. Séguret
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
| | - L. Madec
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
| | - A. Ansart
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
- Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité et Evolution (ECOBIO – UMR 6553), CNRS / Université de Rennes 1, avenue du Général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, F-35042 Rennes CEDEX, France
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