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Rutschmann A, Perry C, Le Galliard JF, Dupoué A, Lourdais O, Guillon M, Brusch G, Cote J, Richard M, Clobert J, Miles DB. Ecological responses of squamate reptiles to nocturnal warming. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:598-621. [PMID: 38062628 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Nocturnal temperatures are increasing at a pace exceeding diurnal temperatures in most parts of the world. The role of warmer nocturnal temperatures in animal ecology has received scant attention and most studies focus on diurnal or daily descriptors of thermal environments' temporal trends. Yet, available evidence from plant and insect studies suggests that organisms can exhibit contrasting physiological responses to diurnal and nocturnal warming. Limiting studies to diurnal trends can thus result in incomplete and misleading interpretations of the ability of species to cope with global warming. Although they are expected to be impacted by warmer nocturnal temperatures, insufficient data are available regarding the night-time ecology of vertebrate ectotherms. Here, we illustrate the complex effects of nocturnal warming on squamate reptiles, a keystone group of vertebrate ectotherms. Our review includes discussion of diurnal and nocturnal ectotherms, but we mainly focus on diurnal species for which nocturnal warming affects a period dedicated to physiological recovery, and thus may perturb activity patterns and energy balance. We first summarise the physical consequences of nocturnal warming on habitats used by squamate reptiles. Second, we describe how such changes can alter the energy balance of diurnal species. We illustrate this with empirical data from the asp viper (Vipera aspis) and common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), two diurnal species found throughout western Europe. Third, we make use of a mechanistic approach based on an energy-balance model to draw general conclusions about the effects of nocturnal temperatures. Fourth, we examine how warmer nights may affect squamates over their lifetime, with potential consequences on individual fitness and population dynamics. We review quantitative evidence for such lifetime effects using recent data derived from a range of studies on the European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara). Finally, we consider the broader eco-evolutionary ramifications of nocturnal warming and highlight several research questions that require future attention. Our work emphasises the importance of considering the joint influence of diurnal and nocturnal warming on the responses of vertebrate ectotherms to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rutschmann
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS UAR2029, 02 route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France
| | - Constant Perry
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS UAR2029, 02 route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, IRD, INRAE, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), Tours 44-45, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France
- Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de Recherche en écologie expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 78 rue du château, Saint-Pierre-Lès-Nemours, 77140, France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, UMR 6539, LEMAR, 1625 Rte de Sainte-Anne, Plouzané, 29280, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7372-Université de La Rochelle, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, Villiers-en-Bois, 79630, France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Life Sciences Center Building, 427E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Michaël Guillon
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS UMR 7372-Université de La Rochelle, 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière, Villiers-en-Bois, 79630, France
- Cistude Nature, Chemin du Moulinat-33185, Le Haillan, France
| | - George Brusch
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd., San Marcos, CA, 92096, USA
| | - Julien Cote
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR5174, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, 118 Rte de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31077, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS UAR2029, 02 route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS UAR2029, 02 route du CNRS, Moulis, 09200, France
| | - Donald B Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences, 131 Life Science Building, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
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Zhang Q, Han XZ, Burraco P, Wang XF, Teng LW, Liu ZS, Du WG. Oxidative stress mediates the impact of heatwaves on survival, growth and immune status in a lizard. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231768. [PMID: 37876201 PMCID: PMC10598448 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change often includes increases in the occurrence of extreme environmental events. Among these, heatwaves affect the pace of life and performance of wildlife, particularly ectothermic animals, owing to their low thermoregulatory abilities. However, the underlying mechanisms by which this occurs remain unclear. Evidence shows that heatwaves alter the redox balance of ectotherms, and oxidative stress is a major mediator of life-history trade-offs. Therefore, oxidative stress may mediate the effect of extreme thermal conditions on the life histories of ectotherms. To test this hypothesis, a 2 × 2 experiment was conducted to manipulate the redox balance (through a mitochondrial uncoupler that alleviates oxidative stress) of the desert toad-headed agama (Phrynocephalus przewalskii) exposed to heatwave conditions. We recorded lizard growth and survival rates and quantified their redox and immune statuses. In control lizards (unmanipulated redox balance), heatwave conditions decreased growth and survival and induced oxidative damage and immune responses. By contrast, lizards with alleviated oxidative stress showed close-to-normal growth, survival, and immune status when challenged with heatwaves. These results provide mechanistic insight into the role of oxidative stress in mediating the effects of extreme temperatures on ectothermic vertebrates, which may have major eco-evolutionary implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Zhi Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Pablo Burraco
- Doñana Biological Station (CSIC), Calle Americo Vespucio 29, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Xi-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wei Teng
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Sheng Liu
- College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guo Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
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3
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Nie Y, Wang Z, Yu S, Zhang L, Liu R, Liu Y, Zhu W, Zhou Z, Diao J. The combined effects of atrazine and warming on environmental adaptability in lizards (Eremias argus) from the perspective of a life-history traits trade-off: Gender differences in trade-off strategies may reverse mortality risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163078. [PMID: 36972889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Life-history theory suggests that organisms must distribute a limited share of their energetic resources among competing life-history trait demands. Therefore, the trade-off strategies individuals develop for particular life-history traits in a given environment may profoundly impact their environmental adaptability. In this study, lizards (Eremias. argus) were exposed to single and combined atrazine (4.0 mg·kg-1 and 20.0 mg·kg-1) and different temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C) for 8 weeks during the breeding season. The effects of atrazine and warming on the adaptability of lizards were explored by examining changes in trade-offs via several key life history traits (i.e., reproduction, self-maintenance, energy reserves, and locomotion). The results show that after atrazine exposure at 25 °C, both female and male lizards tended to allocate energy to self-maintenance by reducing energy allocation to reproductive process. The lower energy reserves of males are considered a "risky" life-history strategy and the observed higher mortality may be related to atrazine-induced oxidative damage. The retention of energy reserves by females not only ensured their current survival but also facilitated survival and reproduction in subsequent stages, which can be regarded as a "conservative" strategy. However, under high temperature and/or combined atrazine exposure, the "risky" strategy of males caused them to consume more energy reserves to invest in self-maintenance, which ensured their immediate survival, and profited from more rapid degradation of atrazine. In contrast, the "conservative" strategy of females could not meet their higher reproductive and self-maintenance demands under high temperatures, and the elevated reproductive oxidative and metabolic costs led to individual mortality. Gender differences in life-history trade-off strategies can directly lead to "winners" and "losers" from environmental stress within a species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Nie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Simin Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinling Diao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China.
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Marchetti JR, Beard KH, Virgin EE, Lewis EL, Hess SC, Ki KC, Sermersheim LO, Furtado AP, French SS. Invasive frogs show persistent physiological differences to elevation and acclimate to colder temperatures. J Therm Biol 2023; 114:103590. [PMID: 37267784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The coqui frog (Eleutherodactylus coqui) was introduced to the island of Hawai'i in the 1980s and has spread across much of the island. Concern remains that this frog will continue to expand its range and invade higher elevation habitats where much of the island's endemic species are found. We determined whether coqui thermal tolerance and physiology change along Hawai'i's elevational gradients. We measured physiological responses using a short-term experiment to determine baseline tolerance and physiology by elevation, and a long-term experiment to determine the coqui's ability to acclimate to different temperatures. We collected frogs from low, medium, and high elevations. After both the short and long-term experiments, we measured critical thermal minimum (CTmin), blood glucose, oxidative stress, and corticosterone levels. CTmin was lower in high elevation frogs than low elevation frogs after the short acclimation experiment, signifying that they acclimate to local conditions. After the extended acclimation, CTmin was lower in frogs acclimated to cold temperatures compared to warm-acclimated frogs and no longer varied by elevation. Blood glucose levels were positively correlated with elevation even after the extended acclimation, suggesting glucose may also be related to lower temperatures. Oxidative stress was higher in females than males, and corticosterone was not significantly related to any predictor variables. The extended acclimation experiment showed that coquis can adjust their thermal tolerance to different temperatures over a 3-week period, suggesting the expansion of coqui into higher elevation habitats may still be possible, and they may not be as restricted by cold temperatures as previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack R Marchetti
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Karen H Beard
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA.
| | - Emily E Virgin
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Erin L Lewis
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Steven C Hess
- USDA APHIS-WS National Wildlife Research Center, Hawaii Field Station, Hilo, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Kwanho C Ki
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Layne O Sermersheim
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Adriana P Furtado
- Departamento de Ciências Animais, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910900, Brazil
| | - Susannah S French
- Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
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5
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Santamaria F, Schlagloth R, Valenza L, Palme R, de Villiers D, Henning J. The Effect of Disease and Injury on Faecal Cortisol Metabolites, as an Indicator of Stress in Wild Hospitalised Koalas, Endangered Australian Marsupials. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10010065. [PMID: 36669066 PMCID: PMC9864655 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of habitat, urbanisation, climate change and its consequences are anthropogenic pressures that may cause stress in koalas. Non-invasive monitoring of faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) can be utilised to evaluate the impact of stressors. The aim was to determine if the tetrahydrocorticosterone (50c) and cortisol enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) could be effective in measuring FCM values in wild, stressed koalas. This research included 146 koalas from the Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital (AZWH) and 88 from a study conducted by Endeavour Veterinary Ecology (EVE), Queensland, Australia. Faecal samples of diseased, injured and control koalas were analysed. The effect of hospitalisation on FCM values was also investigated. Diseased and injured koalas had significantly higher FCM values than clinically healthy control animals as measured by the 50c EIA. FCM values with the cortisol EIA differed significantly between control and diseased koalas, but not between control and injured ones. Moreover, only the 50c EIA detected higher absolute values in males compared to females, and also found that females showed a more elevated response to stress manifested by injury and disease compared to males. The 50c EIA detected stress during hospitalisation better than the cortisol EIA. The cortisol EIA was also found unreliable in detecting stress in rehabilitated koalas treated with synthetic glucocorticoids as it cross-reacts with these steroids providing artificially high values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Santamaria
- Koala Research-Central Queensland and Flora, Fauna and Freshwater Research Cluster, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rolf Schlagloth
- Koala Research-Central Queensland and Flora, Fauna and Freshwater Research Cluster, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia
| | | | - Rupert Palme
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Joerg Henning
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
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Rubalcaba JG, Jimeno B. Body temperature and activity patterns modulate glucocorticoid levels across lizard species: A macrophysiological approach. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1032083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental and intrinsic factors interact to determine energy requirements in vertebrates. Glucocorticoid hormones (GCs) are key mediators of this interaction, as they fluctuate with energetic demands and regulate physiological and behavioral responses to environmental challenges. While a great body of research has focused on GC variation among individuals, the mechanisms driving GC variation across species and at broad spatial scales remain largely unexplored. Here, we adopted a macrophysiological approach to investigate the environmental factors and life-history traits driving variation in baseline GCs across lizard species. We tested three hypotheses: (1) If GCs increase with body temperature to meet higher metabolic demand, we expect an association between average baseline GCs and the mean species’ body temperature in the field (GC-temperature dependence hypothesis); (2) If GCs mediate behavioral responses to avoid thermal extremes, we expect that individuals frequently exposed to extreme conditions exhibit higher baseline GC levels (Behavioral thermoregulation hypothesis); (3) If GCs increase to support higher energy demands in active foragers during their period of activity, we expect that active foraging species have higher baseline GCs than sit-and-wait foragers, and that GC levels increase in relation to the duration of daily activity windows (Activity hypothesis). We used biophysical models to calculate operative temperatures and the activity patterns of lizards in sun-exposed and shaded microenvironments. Then, we tested the association between baseline GCs, body temperature, operative temperatures, foraging mode, and activity windows across 37 lizard species, using data from HormoneBase. Our comparative analyses showed that variation in baseline GCs was primarily related to the mean field body temperature and foraging mode, with higher baseline GCs in active foragers with higher body temperatures. Our results suggest that body temperature and foraging mode drive GC variation through their effects on energy requirements across lizard species.
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Lizards from warm and declining populations are born with extremely short telomeres. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201371119. [PMID: 35939680 PMCID: PMC9388115 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201371119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the price to pay for acquiring and processing energy through cellular activity and life history productivity. Climate warming can exacerbate the inherent pace of aging, as illustrated by a faster erosion of protective telomere DNA sequences. This biomarker integrates individual pace of life and parental effects through the germline, but whether intra- and intergenerational telomere dynamics underlies population trends remains an open question. Here, we investigated the covariation between life history, telomere length (TL), and extinction risk among three age classes in a cold-adapted ectotherm (Zootoca vivipara) facing warming-induced extirpations in its distribution limits. TL followed the same threshold relationships with population extinction risk at birth, maturity, and adulthood, suggesting intergenerational accumulation of accelerated aging rate in declining populations. In dwindling populations, most neonates inherited already short telomeres, suggesting they were born physiologically old and unlikely to reach recruitment. At adulthood, TL further explained females' reproductive performance, switching from an index of individual quality in stable populations to a biomarker of reproductive costs in those close to extirpation. We compiled these results to propose the aging loop hypothesis and conceptualize how climate-driven telomere shortening in ectotherms may accumulate across generations and generate tipping points before local extirpation.
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Sandfoss MR, Brischoux F, Lillywhite HB. Intraspecific investigation of dehydration-enhanced innate immune performance and endocrine stress response to sublethal dehydration in a semi-aquatic species of pit viper. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276533. [PMID: 35946379 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sublethal dehydration can cause negative physiological effects, but recent studies investigating the sub-lethal effects of dehydration on innate immune performance in reptiles have found a positive correlation between innate immune response and plasma osmolality. To investigate if this is an adaptive trait that evolved in response to dehydration in populations inhabiting water-scarce environments, we sampled free-ranging cottonmouths (n=26 adult cottonmouths) from two populations inhabiting contrasting environments in terms of water availability: Snake Key (n=12), an island with no permanent sources of fresh water and Paynes Prairie (n=14), a flooded freshwater prairie. In addition to field surveys, we manipulated the hydration state of 17 cottonmouths (Paynes Prairie n=9, Snake Key n=8) in a laboratory setting and measured the response of corticosterone and innate immune performance to dehydration with the aim of identifying any correlation or trade-offs between them. We measured corticosterone of cottonmouths at a baseline level and then again following a 60-min stress test when at three hydration states: hydrated, dehydrated, and rehydrated. We found that innate immune performance improved with dehydration and then returned to baseline levels within 48 hours of rehydration, which agrees with previous research in reptiles. Despite the frequent exposure of cottonmouths on Snake Key to dehydrating conditions, we did not find cottonmouths inhabiting the island to show a greater magnitude or more prolonged immune response compared to cottonmouths from Paynes Prairie. We also found a positive association between dehydration and corticosterone values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Sandfoss
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - François Brischoux
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 CNRS and La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
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Dezetter M, Le Galliard JF, Leroux-Coyau M, Brischoux F, Angelier F, Lourdais O. Two stressors are worse than one: combined heatwave and drought affect hydration state and glucocorticoid levels in a temperate ectotherm. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:274818. [PMID: 35319758 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heatwaves and droughts are becoming more intense and frequent with climate change. These extreme weather events often occur simultaneously and may alter organismal physiology, yet their combined impacts remain largely unknown. Here, we experimentally investigated physiological responses of a temperate ectotherm, the asp viper (Vipera aspis), to a simulated heatwave and drought. We applied a two-by-two factorial design by manipulating the daily temperature cycle (control vs. heatwave) and the water availability (water available vs. water-deprived) over a month followed by exposure to standard thermal conditions with ad libium access to water. Simulated heatwave and water deprivation additively increased mass loss, while water deprivation led to greater plasma osmolality (dehydration). Mass gain from drinking after the treatment period was higher in vipers from the heatwave and water-deprived group suggesting that thirst was synergistically influenced by thermal and water constraints. Heatwave conditions and water deprivation also additively increased baseline corticosterone levels but did not influence basal metabolic rates and plasma markers of oxidative stress. Our results demonstrate that a short-term exposure to combined heatwave and drought can exacerbate physiological stress through additive effects, and interactively impact behavioral responses to dehydration. Considering combined effects of temperature and water availability is thus crucial to assess organismal responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Dezetter
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.,Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, , 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.,Ecole normale supérieure, PSL University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 11 chemin de Busseau, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Mathieu Leroux-Coyau
- Sorbonne University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (iEES Paris), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - François Brischoux
- Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, , 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Fréderic Angelier
- Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, , 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'étude biologique de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, , 79360, Villiers en Bois, France.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
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10
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Holden KG, Gangloff EJ, Miller DAW, Hedrick AR, Dinsmore C, Basel A, Kutz G, Bronikowski AM. Over a decade of field physiology reveals life-history specific strategies to drought in garter snakes ( Thamnophis legans). Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212187. [PMID: 35078358 PMCID: PMC8790353 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing climates and severe weather events can affect population viability. Individuals need to buffer such negative fitness consequences through physiological plasticity. Whether certain life-history strategies are more conducive to surviving changing climates is unknown, but theory predicts that strategies prioritizing maintenance and survival over current reproduction should be better able to withstand such change. We tested this hypothesis in a meta-population of garter snakes having naturally occurring variation in life-history strategies. We tested whether slow pace-of-life (POL) animals, that prioritize survival over reproduction, are more resilient than fast POL animals as measured by several physiological biomarkers. From 2006 to 2019, which included two multi-year droughts, baseline and stress-induced reactivity of plasma corticosterone and glucose varied annually with directionalities consistent with life-history theory. Slow POL animals exhibited higher baseline corticosterone and lower baseline glucose, relative to fast POL animals. These patterns were also observed in stress-induced measures; thus, reactivity was equivalent between ecotypes. However, in drought years, measures of corticosterone did not differ between different life histories. Immune cell distribution showed annual variation independent of drought or life history. These persistent physiological patterns form a backdrop to several extirpations of fast POL populations, suggesting a limited physiological toolkit to surviving periods of extreme drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn G. Holden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Eric J. Gangloff
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - David A. W. Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ashley R. Hedrick
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Carli Dinsmore
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Alison Basel
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Greta Kutz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Anne M. Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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11
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Megía-Palma R, Barja I, Barrientos R. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites and ectoparasites as biomarkers of heat stress close to roads in a Mediterranean lizard. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149919. [PMID: 34525719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Differences between air and ground temperatures are expected to narrow with the advance of the season in temperate regions (aka seasonal restriction in the availability of thermal microhabitats), which may activate behavioral and physiological responses of ectotherm species adapted to temperate climates. However, according to cost-benefit models of ectotherm thermoregulation, we hypothesize that these responses may also carry some costs. We quantified seasonal shifts in thermoregulatory precision, concentration of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites, and load of ectoparasites in a Mediterranean lizard, Psammodromus algirus. We also tested whether the proximity to a road, a putative source of chronic stress, can facilitate the glucocorticoid-mediated response of lizards to heat stress. As expected, differences between body and environmental temperatures narrowed during the reproductive season and lizards responded by increasing their thermoregulatory precision and the secretion of glucocorticoids, as indicated by metabolites in feces. Interestingly, lizards tended to have higher glucocorticoid concentration when captured far from the road. This might reflect either a putative impairment of the glucocorticoid-mediated response of the lizards to heat stress close to the road or the plastic capability of P. algirus to acclimate to sources of moderate chronic stress. In the latter direction, the increase of both glucocorticoid metabolites and thermoregulatory precision supported that this Mediterranean species responds to environmental thermal restrictions with adaptive behavioral and physiological mechanisms. However, this was also associated with an increase in its susceptibility to ectoparasites, which represents an added cost to the current cost-benefit models of ectotherm thermoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Megía-Palma
- Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Parasitology Unit, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Spain; CIBIO-InBIO: Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Portugal.
| | - I Barja
- Laboratory of Etho-Physiology, Department Biology (Unit Zoology), Autónoma University of Madrid, Spain; Research Centre in Biodiversity and Global Change (CIBC-UAM), Autónoma University of Madrid, Spain
| | - R Barrientos
- Road Ecology Lab, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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12
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Rousseau K, Dufour S, Sachs LM. Interdependence of Thyroid and Corticosteroid Signaling in Vertebrate Developmental Transitions. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.735487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-embryonic acute developmental processes mainly allow the transition from one life stage in a specific ecological niche to the next life stage in a different ecological niche. Metamorphosis, an emblematic type of these post-embryonic developmental processes, has occurred repeatedly and independently in various phylogenetic groups throughout metazoan evolution, such as in cnidarian, insects, molluscs, tunicates, or vertebrates. This review will focus on metamorphoses and developmental transitions in vertebrates, including typical larval metamorphosis in anuran amphibians, larval and secondary metamorphoses in teleost fishes, egg hatching in sauropsids and birth in mammals. Two neuroendocrine axes, the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axes, are central players in the regulation of these life transitions. The review will address the molecular and functional evolution of these axes and their interactions. Mechanisms of integration of internal and environmental cues, and activation of these neuroendocrine axes represent key questions in an “eco-evo-devo” perspective of metamorphosis. The roles played by developmental transitions in the innovation, adaptation, and plasticity of life cycles throughout vertebrates will be discussed. In the current context of global climate change and habitat destruction, the review will also address the impact of environmental factors, such as global warming and endocrine disruptors on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axes, and regulation of developmental transitions.
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13
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Santamaria F, Palme R, Schlagloth R, Klobetz-Rassam E, Henning J. Seasonal Variations of Faecal Cortisol Metabolites in Koalas in South East Queensland. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1622. [PMID: 34072702 PMCID: PMC8227722 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is an endemic marsupial inhabiting four states of Australia. Urbanisation, declining habitat, drought and fires are threatening the survival of this flagship species. These threats may cause acute and chronic stress in koalas, which might also be associated with occurrence of infectious diseases in koala populations. Stress may induce an increase in cortisol reflected in increased faecal cortisol metabolite (FCM) values. To be able to use faecal cortisol metabolites to measure stress levels in this species, our aim was to determine baseline values for males and females during breeding and non-breeding season. A total of 351 defecations were collected fortnightly, twice a day, for 12 months from koalas at a wildlife facility in South East Queensland. Samples were analysed with three different enzyme immunoassays (EIAs): a cortisol, 5α-pregnane-3β,11β,21-triol-20-one (37e) and tetrahydrocorticosterone (50c) EIA. The latter, which also reacts with tetrahydrocortisol, the main metabolite in koala faeces, was found to have the highest biological sensitivity and, therefore, is the most suitable EIA to measure stress levels in koalas. Utilising this EIA, we found significant differences (p < 0.05) in FCM values between males and females, breeding and non-breeding season, and between morning and evening samples. Values of faecal cortisol metabolites established in stress-free koalas in this study can serve as a reference for future studies in koalas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Santamaria
- Koala Research-Central Queensland and Flora, Fauna and Freshwater Research, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia;
| | - Rupert Palme
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.P.); (E.K.-R.)
| | - Rolf Schlagloth
- Koala Research-Central Queensland and Flora, Fauna and Freshwater Research, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, North Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia;
| | - Edith Klobetz-Rassam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.P.); (E.K.-R.)
| | - Joerg Henning
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia;
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14
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Le Galliard JF, Rozen-Rechels D, Lecomte A, Demay C, Dupoué A, Meylan S. Short-term changes in air humidity and water availability weakly constrain thermoregulation in a dry-skinned ectotherm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247514. [PMID: 33635881 PMCID: PMC7909639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoregulation is critical for ectotherms as it allows them to maintain their body temperature close to an optimum for ecological performance. Thermoregulation includes a range of behaviors that aim at regulating body temperature within a range centered around the thermal preference. Thermal preference is typically measured in a thermal gradient in fully-hydrated and post-absorptive animals. Short-term effects of the hydric environment on thermal preferences in such set-ups have been rarely quantified in dry-skinned ectotherms, despite accumulating evidence that dehydration might trade-off with behavioral thermoregulation. Using experiments performed under controlled conditions in climatic chambers, we demonstrate that thermal preferences of a ground-dwelling, actively foraging lizard (Zootoca vivipara) are weakly decreased by a daily restriction in free-standing water availability (less than 0.5°C contrast). The influence of air humidity during the day on thermal preferences depends on time of the day and sex of the lizard, and is generally weaker than those of of free-standing water (less than 1°C contrast). This shows that short-term dehydration can influence, albeit weakly, thermal preferences under some circumstances in this species. Environmental humidity conditions are important methodological factors to consider in the analysis of thermal preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
- Département de biologie, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
- * E-mail:
| | - David Rozen-Rechels
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
| | - Anjélica Lecomte
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Demay
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement, iEES Paris, UMR 7618, Paris, France
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15
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Rozen‐Rechels D, Rutschmann A, DupouÉ A, Blaimont P, Chauveau V, Miles DB, Guillon M, Richard M, Badiane A, Meylan S, Clobert J, Le Galliard J. Interaction of hydric and thermal conditions drive geographic variation in thermoregulation in a widespread lizard. ECOL MONOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Rozen‐Rechels
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
| | - Alexis Rutschmann
- School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland 3A Symonds Street Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - AndrÉaz DupouÉ
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
| | - Pauline Blaimont
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa Cruz California 95060 USA
- Department of Biology Rider University 2083 Lawrenceville Road Lawrenceville New Jersey08648 USA
| | - Victor Chauveau
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
| | - Donald B. Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens Ohio 45701 USA
| | - Michael Guillon
- Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé CNRS La Rochelle Université 405 Route de Prissé la Charrière Villiers‐en‐Bois 79360 France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE) USR5321CNRS Moulis09200France
| | - Arnaud Badiane
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
- Sorbonne Université ESPE de Paris 10 rue Molitor Paris 75016 France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE) USR5321CNRS Moulis09200France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université CNRS IRD INRA Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES) 4 place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
- Département de biologie Ecole normale supérieure Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron IleDeFrance) CNRS PSL University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours 77140 France
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16
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Megía-Palma R, Arregui L, Pozo I, Žagar A, Serén N, Carretero MA, Merino S. Geographic patterns of stress in insular lizards reveal anthropogenic and climatic signatures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:141655. [PMID: 32836132 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthropization of insular ecosystems may have negative impacts on native populations of lizards, which provide core ecosystem services on islands. We aimed to identify environmental factors to explain the interlocal variation in faecal glucocorticoids, parasite intensity, and body condition in populations of insular lizards. A cross-sectional design during the summer of 2017 and 2018 was used to sample 611 adult lizards, Gallotia galloti. Interlocal variation of three stress indicators was analysed in response to environmental variables across a wide environmental gradient in Tenerife (Canary Islands): (i) concentration of faecal glucocorticoids, (ii) intensities of infection by hematic parasites, and (iii) body condition. The data, with low spatial autocorrelation, were analysed using multimodel inference and model cross-validation. Bioclimatic variables associated with the extreme hot and dry climate of summer were the most informative predictors. Interlocal variation in faecal corticosterone in males was best fitted to a model that included the maximum temperature of the warmest month, although the best predictor was habitat anthropization. The thermal annual range, associated with extreme thermal events, was positively related to faecal corticosterone in females. Extreme hot temperatures were positively related to the median parasite intensities in both sexes, while the highest mean intensities of infection were found in females from the most xeric coastal localities. None of the predictors tested, including faecal glucocorticoids, explained individual or interlocal variation in body condition. Effects of human pressure and climate change on insular populations of lizards can be additive. However, the uncoupled relationship found between body condition and the faecal glucocorticoid content suggests that current negative effects may be aggravated during drought periods in summer. Given the impact of climate change on islands, our results may be of application to other archipelagos, where lizards also play key ecological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Megía-Palma
- CIBIO, InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid E-28006, Spain.
| | - L Arregui
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - I Pozo
- Geoimagine Ltd., Paseo de Ginebra 35, Madrid E-28022, Spain
| | - A Žagar
- CIBIO, InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Department of Organisms and Ecosystem Research, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - N Serén
- CIBIO, InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - M A Carretero
- CIBIO, InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - S Merino
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid E-28006, Spain
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17
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Fokidis HB, Brock T. Hurricane Irma induces divergent behavioral and hormonal impacts on an urban and forest population of invasive Anolis lizards: evidence for an urban resilience hypothesis. JOURNAL OF URBAN ECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jue/juaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Hurricanes can have both profound short-term effects on animal populations and serve as long-term drivers of evolutionary change. Animals inhabiting varying habitats may differ in their response to hurricane impacts. Increasing evidence suggests that animals from urban areas exhibit different behavioral and physiological traits compared to rural counterparts, including attenuated hormonal stress responses and a lowered propensity for flight behavior. A unique opportunity was presented when Hurricane Irma hit Florida on 10 September 2017 and interrupted a study of invasive brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) at an urban and a forest. Using data collected before and after Hurricane Irma, we documented that forest anoles exhibited a greater avoidance of people and more male territorial behavior for a longer period of time following the hurricane. Post-hurricane both populations increased corticosterone concentrations post-capture stress, but urban anoles recovered 2 weeks faster than forest conspecifics. A dexamethasone suppression experiment suggested that these population differences were the result of forest anoles having a less effective negative feedback regulating corticosterone secretion. In the brain, forest anoles had higher corticosterone concentrations within the amygdala and parts of the cortex associated with stress than urban lizards. One explanation may be Hurricane Irma brought flooding and debris that altered the landscape leading to behavioral instability, and urban lizards already exhibited ecological adjustments that permitted a more rapid recovery (i.e. the ‘urban resilience’ hypothesis). Testing if urban animals are more resilient to natural disasters can inform conservationists interested in understanding their role in facilitating invasive species expansion and what their increasing presence may indicate for animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bobby Fokidis
- Department of Biology, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Avenue, Winter Park, FL 32789-4499, USA
| | - Taylor Brock
- Department of Biology, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Avenue, Winter Park, FL 32789-4499, USA
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18
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Dupoué A, Trochet A, Richard M, Sorlin M, Guillon M, Teulieres‐Quillet J, Vallé C, Rault C, Berroneau M, Berroneau M, Lourdais O, Blaimont P, Bertrand R, Pottier G, Calvez O, Guillaume O, Le Chevalier H, Souchet J, Le Galliard J, Clobert J, Aubret F. Genetic and demographic trends from rear to leading edge are explained by climate and forest cover in a cold‐adapted ectotherm. DIVERS DISTRIB 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
- iEES ParisSorbonne UniversitéCNRS, UMR 7618 Paris France
| | - Audrey Trochet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Mahaut Sorlin
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Michaël Guillon
- Cistude NatureChemin du Moulinat Le Haillan France
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé ‐ ULR CNRS UMR 7372 Beauvoir sur Niort France
| | | | - Clément Vallé
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Cyrielle Rault
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | | | | | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé ‐ ULR CNRS UMR 7372 Beauvoir sur Niort France
| | - Pauline Blaimont
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz California USA
- Department of Biology Rider University Lawrenceville New Jersey USA
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Gilles Pottier
- Nature en Occitanie Maison de l’Environnement de Midi‐Pyrénées Toulouse France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Jérémie Souchet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- Cistude NatureChemin du Moulinat Le Haillan France
- Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron IleDeFrance) Ecole normale supérieureCNRS UMS 3194 Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
- Behavioural Ecology Lab School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Bentley West Australia Australia
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19
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Herrando-Pérez S, Belliure J, Ferri-Yáñez F, van den Burg MP, Beukema W, Araújo MB, Terblanche JS, Vieites DR. Water deprivation drives intraspecific variability in lizard heat tolerance. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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Brusch GA, Gavira RSB, Viton R, Dupoué A, Leroux-Coyau M, Meylan S, Le Galliard JF, Lourdais O. Additive effects of temperature and water availability on pregnancy in a viviparous lizard. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:223/19/jeb228064. [PMID: 33046578 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.228064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the greatest current threats to biodiversity is climate change. However, understanding of organismal responses to fluctuations in temperature and water availability is currently lacking, especially during fundamental life-history stages such as reproduction. To further explore how temperature and water availability impact maternal physiology and reproductive output, we used the viviparous form of the European common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) in a two-by-two factorial design manipulating both hydric and thermal conditions, for the first time. We collected blood samples and morphological measurements during early pregnancy and post-parturition to investigate how water availability, temperature and a combination of the two influence maternal phenology, morphology, physiology and reproductive output. We observed that dehydration during gestation negatively affects maternal physiological condition (lower mass gain, higher tail reserve mobilization) but has little effect on reproductive output. These effects are mainly additive to temperature regimes, with a proportional increase in maternal costs in warmer environments. Our study demonstrates the importance of considering combined effects of water and temperature when investigating organismal responses to climate changes, especially during periods crucial for species survival such as reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Brusch
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France .,Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - Rodrigo S B Gavira
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Robin Viton
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Andréaz Dupoué
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Mathieu Leroux-Coyau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement (IEES), 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 5, France.,Ecole normale supérieure, PSL University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 11 chemin de Busseau, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 79360 Villiers en Bois, France.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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21
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Hudson SB, Lidgard AD, French SS. Glucocorticoids, energy metabolites, and immunity vary across allostatic states for plateau side‐blotched lizards (
Uta stansburiana uniformis
) residing in a heterogeneous thermal environment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 333:732-743. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B. Hudson
- Department of Biology Utah State University Logan Utah USA
- Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah USA
| | | | - Susannah S. French
- Department of Biology Utah State University Logan Utah USA
- Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah USA
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22
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Yurchenko AA, Recknagel H, Elmer KR. Chromosome-Level Assembly of the Common Lizard (Zootoca vivipara) Genome. Genome Biol Evol 2020; 12:1953-1960. [PMID: 32835354 PMCID: PMC7643610 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamate reptiles exhibit high variation in their phenotypic traits and geographical distributions and are therefore fascinating taxa for evolutionary and ecological research. However, genomic resources are very limited for this group of species, consequently inhibiting research efforts. To address this gap, we assembled a high-quality genome of the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara (Lacertidae), using a combination of high coverage Illumina (shotgun and mate-pair) and PacBio sequencing data, coupled with RNAseq data and genetic linkage map generation. The 1.46-Gb genome assembly has a scaffold N50 of 11.52 Mb with N50 contig size of 220.4 kb and only 2.96% gaps. A BUSCO analysis indicates that 97.7% of the single-copy Tetrapoda orthologs were recovered in the assembly. In total, 19,829 gene models were annotated to the genome using a combination of ab initio and homology-based methods. To improve the chromosome-level assembly, we generated a high-density linkage map from wild-caught families and developed a novel analytical pipeline to accommodate multiple paternity and unknown father genotypes. We successfully anchored and oriented almost 90% of the genome on 19 linkage groups. This annotated and oriented chromosome-level reference genome represents a valuable resource to facilitate evolutionary studies in squamate reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Yurchenko
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Recknagel
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn R Elmer
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Dupoué A, Sorlin M, Richard M, Le Galliard JF, Lourdais O, Clobert J, Aubret F. Mother-offspring conflict for water and its mitigation in the oviparous form of the reproductively bimodal lizard, Zootoca vivipara. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractParent-offspring conflicts are widespread given that resources are often limited. Recent evidence has shown that availability of water can trigger such conflict during pregnancy in viviparous squamate species (lizards and snakes) and thus questions the role of water in the evolution of reproductive modes. Here, we examined the impact of water restriction during gravidity in the oviparous form of the bimodal common lizard (Zootoca vivipara), using a protocol previously used on the viviparous form. Females were captured in early gravidity from six populations along a 600 m altitudinal gradient to investigate whether environmental conditions (altitude, water access and temperature) exacerbate responses to water restriction. Females were significantly dehydrated after water restriction, irrespective of their reproductive status (gravid vs. non-reproductive), relative reproductive effort (relative clutch mass), and treatment timing (embryonic development stage). Female dehydration, together with reproductive performance, varied with altitude, probably due to long term acclimation or local adaptation. This moderate water-based intergenerational conflict in gravid females contrasts sharply with previous findings for the viviparous form, with implications to the evolutionary reversion from viviparity to oviparity. It is likely that oviparity constitutes a water-saving reproductive mode which might help mitigate intensive temperature-driven population extinctions at low altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321, Saint Girons, France
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton campus, VIC, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mahaut Sorlin
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321, Saint Girons, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321, Saint Girons, France
| | - Jean François Le Galliard
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, Tours 44–45, Paris, France
- Ecole normale supérieure, Département de biologie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Olivier Lourdais
- Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, La Rochelle Université, CNRS, UMR, Beauvoir sur Niort, France
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321, Saint Girons, France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis, CNRS, UMR 5321, Saint Girons, France
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Rozen-Rechels D, Dupoué A, Meylan S, Qitout K, Decencière B, Agostini S, Le Galliard JF. Acclimation to Water Restriction Implies Different Paces for Behavioral and Physiological Responses in a Lizard Species. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 93:160-174. [PMID: 32031477 DOI: 10.1086/707409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic changes in climate conditions may select for acclimation responses in terrestrial animals living in fluctuating environments, and beneficial acclimation responses may be key to the resilience of these species to global changes. Despite evidence that climate warming induces changes in water availability, acclimation responses to water restriction are understudied compared with thermal acclimation. In addition, acclimation responses may involve different modes, paces, and trade-offs between physiological and behavioral traits. Here, we tested the dynamical acclimation responses of a dry-skinned terrestrial ectotherm to chronic water restriction. Yearling common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) were exposed to sublethal water restriction during 2 mo of the summer season in laboratory conditions, then released in outdoor conditions for 10 additional months. Candidate behavioral (exploration, basking, and thermal preferences) and physiological (metabolism at rest and standard water loss rate) traits potentially involved in the acclimation response were measured repeatedly during and after water restriction. We observed a sequential acclimation response in water-restricted animals (yearlings spent less time basking during the first weeks of water deprivation) that was followed by delayed sex-specific physiological consequences of the water restriction during the following months (thermal depression in males and lower standard evaporative water loss rates in females). Despite short-term negative effects of water restriction on body growth, annual growth, survival, and reproduction were not significantly different between water-restricted and control yearlings. This demonstrates that beneficial acclimation responses to water restriction involve both short-term flexible behavioral responses and delayed changes in thermal and water biology traits.
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Dupoué A, Angelier F, Ribout C, Meylan S, Rozen-Rechels D, Decencière B, Agostini S, Le Galliard JF. Chronic water restriction triggers sex-specific oxidative stress and telomere shortening in lizards. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20190889. [PMID: 32097601 PMCID: PMC7058957 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals use a variety of strategies to avoid acute dehydration and death. Yet, how chronic exposure to sub-lethal dehydration may entail physiological and fitness costs remains elusive. In this study, we experimentally tested if water restriction causes increased oxidative stress (OS) and telomere length (TL) shortening, two well-described mediators of environment-fitness relationships. We exposed 100 yearling female and male common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) either to a 51-day period of water restriction or to water ad libitum, followed by 45 days in common garden outdoor conditions. We measured the kinetic changes in OS and TL and found that water-restricted males had enhanced antioxidant defences and decreased oxidative damage at day 36, whereas females did not immediately respond. A month and a half after water restriction, both sexes experienced a drop in antioxidant capacity but only males exhibited significant TL shortening. In the following 3 years, we found that lizards with longer initial TL and those who maintained stronger antioxidant defences experienced higher longevity, irrespective of sex and water restriction. Together, these results unravelled sex-specific responses to water restriction, with potential applications in better understanding the physiological costs of increasing summer droughts as a result of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Angelier
- CEBC, La Rochelle Université, CNRS UMR 7372, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France
| | - Cécile Ribout
- CEBC, La Rochelle Université, CNRS UMR 7372, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Rozen-Rechels
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- CEBC, La Rochelle Université, CNRS UMR 7372, 79360 Beauvoir sur Niort, France
| | - Beatriz Decencière
- École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 78 rue du château, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Simon Agostini
- École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 78 rue du château, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- iEES Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7618, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, Département de biologie, CNRS, UMS 3194, Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), 78 rue du château, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
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Dupoué A, Blaimont P, Rozen‐Rechels D, Richard M, Meylan S, Clobert J, Miles DB, Martin R, Decencière B, Agostini S, Le Galliard J. Water availability and temperature induce changes in oxidative status during pregnancy in a viviparous lizard. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Pauline Blaimont
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA
| | | | - Murielle Richard
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- Sorbonne Université, iEES ParisCNRS‐UMR 7618 Paris France
- ESPE de Paris, Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Donald B. Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens OH USA
| | - Rémi Martin
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale de Moulis CNRS‐UMR 5321 Saint Girons France
| | - Beatriz Decencière
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Simon Agostini
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- Sorbonne Université, iEES ParisCNRS‐UMR 7618 Paris France
- Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Expérimentale et Prédictive (CEREEP‐Ecotron Ile De France) Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS‐UMS 3194 PSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
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Vitousek MN, Johnson MA, Downs CJ, Miller ET, Martin LB, Francis CD, Donald JW, Fuxjager MJ, Goymann W, Hau M, Husak JF, Kircher BK, Knapp R, Schoenle LA, Williams TD. Macroevolutionary Patterning in Glucocorticoids Suggests Different Selective Pressures Shape Baseline and Stress-Induced Levels. Am Nat 2019; 193:866-880. [DOI: 10.1086/703112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fabrício-Neto A, Madelaire CB, Gomes FR, Andrade DV. Exposure to fluctuating temperatures leads to reduced immunity and to stress response in rattlesnakes. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.208645. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.208645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ectothermic organisms often experience considerable variation in their body temperature throughout the circadian cycle. However, studies focusing on the measurement of physiological traits are usually performed under constant temperature regimes. This mismatch between thermal exposure in the field and experimental conditions could act as a stressor agent, since physiological functions are strongly influenced by temperature. Herein, we asked the question whether constant thermal regimes would cause a stress response and impact the immunity of the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) when compared to a fluctuating thermal regime. We addressed this question by determining heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (H:L), plasma bacteria killing ability (BKA) and corticosterone levels (CORT) in snakes kept under a constant temperature regime at 30°C, and under a fluctuating regime that oscillated between 25°C at nighttime to 35°C at daytime. The experiments had a mirrored design, in which half of the snakes were subjected to a fluctuating-to-constant treatment, while the other half was exposed to a constant-to-fluctuating treatment. The shift from constant to fluctuating thermal regime was accompanied by an increase in plasma CORT levels indicating the activation of a stress response. Exposure to a fluctuating thermal regime at the onset of the experiments induced a decrease in the BKA of rattlesnakes. H:L was not affected by treatments and, therefore, the shift between thermal regimes seems to have acted as a low intensity stressor. Our results suggest that the removal from temperatures close to the snakés preferred body temperature triggers a stress response in rattlesnakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailton Fabrício-Neto
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla B. Madelaire
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R. Gomes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis V. Andrade
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Diele-Viegas LM, Rocha CFD. Unraveling the influences of climate change in Lepidosauria (Reptilia). J Therm Biol 2018; 78:401-414. [PMID: 30509664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, changes in climate have caused impacts on natural and human systems on all continents and across the oceans and many species have shifted their geographic ranges, seasonal activities, migration patterns, abundances and interactions in response to these changes. Projections of future climate change are uncertain, but the Earth's warming is likely to exceed 4.8 °C by the end of 21th century. The vulnerability of a population, species, group or system due to climate change is a function of impact of the changes on the evaluated system (exposure and sensitivity) and adaptive capacity as a response to this impact, and the relationship between these elements will determine the degree of species vulnerability. Predicting the potential future risks to biodiversity caused by climate change has become an extremely active field of research, and several studies in the last two decades had focused on determining possible impacts of climate change on Lepidosaurians, at a global, regional and local level. Here we conducted a systematic review of published studies in order to seek to what extent the accumulated knowledge currently allow us to identify potential trends or patterns regarding climate change effects on lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians and tuatara. We conducted a literature search among online literature databases/catalogues and recorded 255 studies addressing the influence of climate change on a total of 1918 species among 49 Lepidosaurian's families. The first study addressing this subject is dated 1999. Most of the studies focused on species distribution, followed by thermal biology, reproductive biology, behavior and genetics. We concluded that an integrative approach including most of these characteristics and also bioclimatic and environmental variables, may lead to consistent and truly effective strategies for species conservation, aiming to buffer the climate change effects on this group of reptiles.
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