1
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Shoemaker R, Poglitsch M, Huang H, Vignes K, Srinivasan A, Cockerham C, Schadler A, Bauer JA, O’Brien JM. Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Is Attenuated in Hypertensive Compared with Normotensive Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12728. [PMID: 37628909 PMCID: PMC10454898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, but the mechanisms of pregnancy hypertension are not precisely understood. Elevated plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations play an important role in the normal physiologic adaptation to pregnancy. These effectors are reduced in patients with pregnancy hypertension, creating an opportunity to define the features of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) that are characteristic of this disorder. In the current study, we used a novel LC-MS/MS-based methodology to develop comprehensive profiles of RAAS peptides and effectors over gestation in a cohort of 74 pregnant women followed prospectively for the development of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia (HYP, 27 patients) versus those remaining normotensive (NT, 47 patients). In NT pregnancy, the plasma renin activity surrogate, (PRA-S, calculated from the sum of Angiotensin I + Angiotensin II) and aldosterone concentrations significantly increased from the first to the third trimester, accompanied by a modest increase in the concentrations of angiotensin peptide metabolites. In contrast, in HYP pregnancies, PRA-S and angiotensin peptides were largely unchanged over gestation, and third-trimester aldosterone concentrations were significantly lower compared with those in NT pregnancies. The results indicated that the predominant features of pregnancies that develop HYP are stalled or waning activation of the RAAS in the second half of pregnancy (accompanied by unchanging levels of angiotensin peptides) and the attenuated secretion of aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Shoemaker
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | - Hong Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Katherine Vignes
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Aarthi Srinivasan
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Cynthia Cockerham
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Aric Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - John A. Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - John M. O’Brien
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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2
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Vazquez-Agra N, Marques-Afonso AT, Cruces-Sande A, Mendez-Alvarez E, Soto-Otero R, Lopez-Paz JE, Pose-Reino A, Hermida-Ameijeiras A. Assessment of Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertensive Patients under the Use of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Blockers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040802. [PMID: 37107177 PMCID: PMC10135118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As in other fields, chronotherapy applied to arterial hypertension (AHT) may have implications on oxidative stress. We compared the levels of some redox markers between hypertensive patients with morning and bedtime use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers. This was an observational study that included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of essential AHT. Blood pressure (BP) figures were measured using twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (24-h ABPM). Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were assessed using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced thiols assays. We recruited 70 patients with a median age of 54 years, of whom 38 (54%) were women. In hypertensive patients with bedtime use of RAAS blockers, reduced thiol levels showed a positive correlation with nocturnal diastolic BP decrease. TBARS levels were associated with bedtime use of RAAS blockers in dipper and non-dipper hypertensive patients. In non-dipper patients, bedtime use of RAAS blockers was also associated with a decrease in nocturnal diastolic BP. Chronotherapy applied to bedtime use of some BP-lowering drugs in hypertensive patients may be linked to a better redox profile.
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3
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Rodriguez-Ortiz CJ, Thorwald MA, Rodriguez R, Mejias-Ortega M, Kieu Z, Maitra N, Hawkins C, Valenzuela J, Peng M, Nishiyama A, Ortiz RM, Kitazawa M. Angiotensin receptor blockade with olmesartan alleviates brain pathology in obese OLETF rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:228-237. [PMID: 36398458 PMCID: PMC9898104 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a rapidly increasing health concern during midlife and is an emerging risk factor for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). While angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are widely used for MetS-associated hypertension and kidney disease, its therapeutic potential in the brain during MetS are not well-described. Here, we tested whether treatment with ARB could alleviate the brain pathology and inflammation associated with MetS using the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat. Here, we report that chronic ARB treatment with olmesartan (10 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 6 weeks) partially but significantly ameliorated accumulation of oxidized and ubiquitinated proteins, astrogliosis and transformation to neurotoxic astrocytes in the brain of old OLETF rats, which otherwise exhibit the progression of these pathological hallmarks associated with MetS. Additionally, olmesartan treatment restored claudin-5 and ZO-1, markers of the structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier as well as synaptic protein PSD-95, which were otherwise decreased in old OLETF rats, particularly in the hippocampus, a critical region in cognition, memory and AD. These data demonstrate that the progression of MetS in OLETF rats is associated with deterioration of various aspects of neuronal integrity that may manifest neurodegenerative conditions and that overactivation of angiotensin receptor directly or indirectly contributes to these detriments. Thus, olmesartan treatment may slow or delay the onset of degenerative process in the brain and subsequent neurological disorders associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Rodriguez-Ortiz
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine
| | - Max A. Thorwald
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Ruben Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Marina Mejias-Ortega
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Zanett Kieu
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Neilabjo Maitra
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine
| | - Charlesice Hawkins
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Joanna Valenzuela
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Marcus Peng
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa Medical University, Japan
| | - Rudy M. Ortiz
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine
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4
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Roy B, Palaniyandi SS. A role for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 in angiotensin II-mediated decrease in angiogenesis of coronary endothelial cells. Microvasc Res 2021; 135:104133. [PMID: 33428883 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-induced coronary endothelial cell (CEC) dysfunction contributes to diabetic heart diseases. Angiotensin II (Ang II), a vasoactive hormone, is upregulated in diabetes, and is reported to increase oxidative stress in CECs. 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a key lipid peroxidation product, causes cellular dysfunction by forming adducts with proteins. By detoxifying 4HNE, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 reduces 4HNE mediated proteotoxicity and confers cytoprotection. Thus, we hypothesize that ALDH2 improves Ang II-mediated defective CEC angiogenesis by decreasing 4HNE-mediated cytotoxicity. To test our hypothesis, we treated the cultured mouse CECs (MCECs) with Ang II (0.1, 1 and 10 μM) for 2, 4 and 6 h. Next, we treated MCECs with Alda-1 (10 μM), an ALDH2 activator or disulfiram (2.5 μM)/ALDH2 siRNA (1.25 nM), the ALDH2 inhibitors, or blockers of angiotensin II type-1 and 2 receptors i.e. Losartan and PD0123319 respectively before challenging MCECs with 10 μM Ang II. We found that 10 μM Ang II decreased tube formation in MCECs with in vitro angiogenesis assay (P < .0005 vs control). 10 μM Ang II downregulated the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) (p < .005 for mRNA and P < .05 for protein) and VEGFR2 (p < .05 for mRNA and P < .005 for protein) as well as upregulated the levels of angiotensin II type-2 receptor (AT2R) (p < .05 for mRNA and P < .005 for protein) and 4HNE-adducts (P < .05 for protein) in cultured MCECs, compared to controls. ALDH2 inhibition with disulfiram/ALDH2 siRNA exacerbated 10 μM Ang II-induced decrease in coronary angiogenesis (P < .005) by decreasing the levels of VEGFR1 (P < .005 for mRNA and P < .05 for protein) and VEGFR2 (P < .05 for both mRNA and protein) and increasing the levels of AT2R (P < .05 for both mRNA and protein) and 4HNE-adducts (P < .05 for protein) relative to Ang II alone. AT2R inhibition per se improved angiogenesis in MCECs. Additionally, enhancing ALDH2 activity with Alda 1 rescued Ang II-induced decrease in angiogenesis by increasing the levels of VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and decreasing the levels of AT2R. In summary, ALDH2 can be an important target in reducing 4HNE-induced proteotoxicity and improving angiogenesis in MCECs. Finally, we conclude ALDH2 activation can be a therapeutic strategy to improve coronary angiogenesis to ameliorate cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipradas Roy
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Suresh Selvaraj Palaniyandi
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America.
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5
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Rodriguez-Gonzalez M, Lubian-Gutierrez M, Cascales-Poyatos HM, Perez-Reviriego AA, Castellano-Martinez A. Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Dystrophin-Deficient Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010356. [PMID: 33396334 PMCID: PMC7796305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy (DDC) is currently the leading cause of death in patients with dystrophinopathies. Targeting myocardial fibrosis (MF) has become a major therapeutic goal in order to prevent the occurrence of DDC. We aimed to review and summarize the current evidence about the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the development and perpetuation of MF in DCC. We conducted a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed English literature on PubMed about this subject. We found increasing preclinical evidence from studies in animal models during the last 20 years pointing out a central role of RAAS in the development of MF in DDC. Local tissue RAAS acts directly mainly through its main fibrotic component angiotensin II (ANG2) and its transducer receptor (AT1R) and downstream TGF-b pathway. Additionally, it modulates the actions of most of the remaining pro-fibrotic factors involved in DDC. Despite limited clinical evidence, RAAS blockade constitutes the most studied, available and promising therapeutic strategy against MF and DDC. Conclusion: Based on the evidence reviewed, it would be recommendable to start RAAS blockade therapy through angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or AT1R blockers (ARBs) alone or in combination with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRa) at the youngest age after the diagnosis of dystrophinopathies, in order to delay the occurrence or slow the progression of MF, even before the detection of any cardiovascular alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- Pediatric Cardiology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-956002700
| | - Manuel Lubian-Gutierrez
- Pediatric Neurology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Pediatric Division of Doctor Cayetano Roldan Primary Care Center, 11100 San Fernando, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Castellano-Martinez
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Pediatric Nephrology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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6
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Zhang WW, Zheng RH, Bai F, Sturdivant K, Wang NP, James EA, Bose HS, Zhao ZQ. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein/aldosterone synthase mediates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:1207-1222. [PMID: 31820314 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aldosterone produced in adrenal glands by angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to elicit myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that Ang II causes cardiac morphological changes through the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)/aldosterone synthase (AS)-dependent aldosterone synthesis primarily initiated in the heart. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to following groups: Ang II infusion for a 4-week period, treatment with telmisartan, spironolactone or adrenalectomy during Ang II infusion. Sham-operated rats served as control. Relative to Sham rats, Ang II infusion significantly increased the protein levels of AT1 receptor, StAR, AS and their tissue expression in the adrenal glands and heart. In coincidence with reduced aldosterone level in the heart, telmisartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, significantly down-regulated the protein level and expression of StAR and AS. Ang II induced changes in the expression of AT1/StAR/AS were not altered by an aldosterone receptor antagonist spironolactone. Furthermore, Ang II augmented migration of macrophages, protein level of TGFβ1, phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and proliferation of myofibroblasts, accompanied by enhanced perivascular/interstitial collagen deposition and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, which all were significantly abrogated by telmisartan or spironolactone. However, adrenalectomy did not fully suppress Ang II-induced cell migration/proliferation and fibrosis/hypertrophy, indicating a role of aldosterone synthesized within the heart in pathogenesis of Ang II induced injury. These results indicate that myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy stimulated by Ang II is associated with tissue-specific activation of aldosterone synthesis, primarily mediated by AT1/StAR/AS signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Zhang
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rong-Hua Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Katelyn Sturdivant
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Ning-Ping Wang
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Erskine A James
- Department of Internal Medicine, Navicent Health, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Himangshu S Bose
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhao
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Mercer University School of Medicine, 1250 East 66th Street, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA.
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7
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Rodriguez R, Escobedo B, Lee AY, Thorwald M, Godoy-Lugo JA, Nakano D, Nishiyama A, Parkes DG, Ortiz RM. Simultaneous angiotensin receptor blockade and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation ameliorate albuminuria in obese insulin-resistant rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:422-431. [PMID: 31675433 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance increases renal oxidant production by upregulating NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression contributing to oxidative damage and ultimately albuminuria. Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and activation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor signalling may reverse this effect. However, whether angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1) blockade and GLP-1 receptor activation improve oxidative damage and albuminuria through different mechanisms is not known. Using insulin-resistant Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, we tested the hypothesis that simultaneous blockade of AT1 and activation of GLP-1r additively decrease oxidative damage and urinary albumin excretion (Ualb V) in the following groups: (a) untreated, lean LETO (n = 7), (b) untreated, obese OLETF (n = 9), (c) OLETF + angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB; 10 mg olmesartan/kg/d; n = 9), (d) OLETF + GLP-1 mimetic (EXE; 10 µg exenatide/kg/d; n = 7) and (e) OLETF + ARB +exenatide (Combo; n = 6). Mean kidney Nox4 protein expression and nitrotyrosine (NT) levels were 30% and 46% greater, respectively, in OLETF compared with LETO. Conversely, Nox4 protein expression and NT were reduced to LETO levels in ARB and EXE, and Combo reduced Nox4, NT and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal levels by 21%, 27% and 27%, respectively. At baseline, Ualb V was nearly double in OLETF compared with LETO and increased to nearly 10-fold greater levels by the end of the study. Whereas ARB (45%) and EXE (55%) individually reduced Ualb V, the combination completely ameliorated the albuminuria. Collectively, these data suggest that AT1 blockade and GLP-1 receptor activation reduce renal oxidative damage similarly during insulin resistance, whereas targeting both signalling pathways provides added benefit in restoring and/or further ameliorating albuminuria in a model of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Benny Escobedo
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Y Lee
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Max Thorwald
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Jose A Godoy-Lugo
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University Medical School, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University Medical School, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Rudy M Ortiz
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA
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8
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Martínez-Martínez E, Brugnolaro C, Ibarrola J, Ravassa S, Buonafine M, López B, Fernández-Celis A, Querejeta R, Santamaria E, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Rábago G, Moreno MU, Jaisser F, Díez J, González A, López-Andrés N. CT-1 (Cardiotrophin-1)-Gal-3 (Galectin-3) Axis in Cardiac Fibrosis and Inflammation. Hypertension 2019; 73:602-611. [PMID: 30612490 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a main contributor to the development of heart failure (HF). CT-1 (cardiotrophin-1) and Gal-3 (galectin-3) are increased in HF and associated with myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study is to analyze whether CT-1 regulates Gal-3. Proteomic analysis revealed that Gal-3 was upregulated by CT-1 in human cardiac fibroblasts in parallel with other profibrotic and proinflammatory markers. CT-1 upregulation of Gal-3 was mediated by ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 and Stat-3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) pathways. Male Wistar rats and B6CBAF1 mice treated with CT-1 (20 µg/kg per day) presented higher cardiac Gal-3 levels and myocardial fibrosis. In CT-1-treated rats, direct correlations were found between cardiac CT-1 and Gal-3 levels, as well as between Gal-3 and perivascular fibrosis. Gal-3 genetic disruption in human cardiac fibroblasts and pharmacological Gal-3 inhibition in mice prevented the profibrotic and proinflammatory effects of CT-1. Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats with diastolic dysfunction showed increased cardiac CT-1 and Gal-3 expression together with cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. CT-1 and Gal-3 directly correlated with myocardial fibrosis. In HF patients, myocardial and plasma CT-1 and Gal-3 were increased and directly correlated. In addition, HF patients with high CT-1 and Gal-3 plasma levels presented an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Our data suggest that CT-1 upregulates Gal-3 which, in turn, mediates the proinflammatory and profibrotic myocardial effects of CT-1. The elevation of both molecules in HF patients identifies a subgroup of patients with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality. The CT-1/Gal-3 axis emerges as a candidate therapeutic target and a potential prognostic biomarker in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- From the Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (E.M.-M., J.I., A.F.-C., N.L.-A.).,INSERM UMRS 1138 Team 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France (E.M.M., M.B., F.J.)
| | - Cristina Brugnolaro
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.)
| | - Jaime Ibarrola
- From the Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (E.M.-M., J.I., A.F.-C., N.L.-A.)
| | - Susana Ravassa
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid. Spain (S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.)
| | - Mathieu Buonafine
- INSERM UMRS 1138 Team 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France (E.M.M., M.B., F.J.)
| | - Begoña López
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid. Spain (S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.)
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- From the Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (E.M.-M., J.I., A.F.-C., N.L.-A.)
| | - Ramón Querejeta
- Department of Cardiology, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia, Basque Country University, San Sebastián, Spain (R.Q.)
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Departamento de Salud, UPNA, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain (E.S., J.F.-I.)
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Departamento de Salud, UPNA, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain (E.S., J.F.-I.)
| | - Gregorio Rábago
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (G.R., J.D.), Clinic Universtity of Navarra, Pamplona. Spain
| | - María U Moreno
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid. Spain (S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.)
| | - Frédéric Jaisser
- INSERM UMRS 1138 Team 1, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris, France (E.M.M., M.B., F.J.).,INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, France (F.J., N.L.-A.)
| | - Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid. Spain (S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (G.R., J.D.), Clinic Universtity of Navarra, Pamplona. Spain.,Department of Nephrology (J.D.), Clinic Universtity of Navarra, Pamplona. Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, CIMA University of Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (C.B., S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.).,CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid. Spain (S.R., B.L., M.U.M., J.D., A.G.)
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- From the Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona. Spain (E.M.-M., J.I., A.F.-C., N.L.-A.).,INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, France (F.J., N.L.-A.)
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9
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Zheng RH, Bai XJ, Zhang WW, Wang J, Bai F, Yan CP, James EA, Bose HS, Wang NP, Zhao ZQ. Liraglutide attenuates cardiac remodeling and improves heart function after abdominal aortic constriction through blocking angiotensin II type 1 receptor in rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2745-2757. [PMID: 31496651 PMCID: PMC6690048 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s213910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure by eliciting cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to exert cardioprotective effects in animals and patients. This study investigates whether GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide inhibits abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction through blocking Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) signaling. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to sham operation and abdominal aortic banding procedure for 16 weeks. In treated rats, liraglutide (0.3 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected twice daily or telmisartan (10 mg/kg/day), the AT1R blocker, was administered by gastric gavage. Results Relative to the animals with AAC, liraglutide reduced protein level of the AT1R and upregulated the AT2R, as evidenced by reduced ratio of AT1R/AT2R (0.59±0.04 vs. 0.91±0.06, p<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 was upregulated, tissue levels of malondialdehyde and B-type natriuretic peptide were reduced, and superoxide dismutase activity was increased. Along with a reduction in HW/BW ratio, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was inhibited. In coincidence with these changes, liraglutide significantly decreased the populations of macrophages and myofibroblasts in the myocardium, which were accompanied by reduced protein levels of transforming growth factor beta1, Smad2/3/4, and upregulated smad7. The synthesis of collagen I and III was inhibited and collagen-rich fibrosis was attenuated. Consistent with these findings, cardiac systolic function was preserved, as shown by increased left ventricular systolic pressure (110±5 vs. 99±2 mmHg, p<0.05), ejection fraction (83%±2% vs. 69%±4%, p<0.05) and fraction shortening (49%±2% vs. 35%±3%, p<0.05). Treatment with telmisartan provided a comparable level of protection as compared with liraglutide in all the parameters measured. Conclusion Taken together, liraglutide ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction, potentially via suppressing the AT1R-mediated events. These data indicate that liraglutide might be selected as an add-on drug to prevent the progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hua Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Linfen Vocational and Technical College, Linfen, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jie Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Ping Yan
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Erskine A James
- Department of Internal Medicine, Navicent Health, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Himangshu S Bose
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Ning-Ping Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Zhi-Qing Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA
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10
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Jiang L, Zhou X, Yang H, Guan R, Xin Y, Wang J, Shen L, Zhu D, Ma S, Wang J. Upregulation of AT 1 Receptor Mediates a Pressor Effect Through ROS-SAPK/JNK Signaling in Glutamatergic Neurons of Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Rats With Stress-Induced Hypertension. Front Physiol 2019; 9:1860. [PMID: 30670978 PMCID: PMC6331519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined whether angiotensin II (Ang II) mediates the pressor effect through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in the glutamatergic neurons of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in stress-induced hypertensive rats (SIHR). The SIHR model was established using electric foot-shocks combined with noises for 15 days. We observed that Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and the glutamatergic neurons co-localized in the RVLM of SIHR. Furthermore, glutamate levels in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord were higher in SIHR than in controls. Microinjection of Ang II into the RVLM of SIHR activated stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1/2, and p38MAPK. Compared with controls, the activation of SAPK/JNK, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and ROS in the RVLM were higher in SIHR, an effect that was blocked by an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin) and an AT1R antagonist (candesartan). RVLM microinjection of apocynin or a SAPK/JNK inhibitor (SP600125), but not an ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) or a p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), decreased AT1R mRNA and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in SIHR. The increase of AT1R protein expression and MABP was inhibited by intracerebroventricular infusion (ICV), for 14 days, of SP600125, but not U0126 or SB203580 in SIHR. We conclude that Ang II modulates the pressor effect through AT1R-dependent ROS-SAPK/JNK signaling in glutamatergic neurons in the RVLM of SIHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijuan Guan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlei Xin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jijiang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Shen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danian Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulan Ma
- Training Center of Medical Experiments, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Lycopene-supplemented diet ameliorates cardiovascular remodeling and oxidative stress in rats with hypertension induced by Angiotensin II. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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12
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Liu W, Gong W, He M, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wang M, Wu M, Guo S, Yu Y, Wang X, Sun F, Li Y, Zhou L, Qin S, Zhang Z. Spironolactone Protects against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:9232065. [PMID: 30406151 PMCID: PMC6204188 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9232065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spironolactone (SPR) has been shown to protect diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), but the specific mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we determined the cardioprotective role of SPR in diabetic mice and further explored the potential mechanisms in both in vivo and in vitro models. Streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats were used as the in vivo model. After the onset of diabetes, rats were treated with either SPR (STZ + SPR) or saline (STZ + NS) for 12 weeks; nondiabetic rats were used as controls (NDCs). In vitro, H9C2 cells were exposed to aldosterone, with or without SPR. Cardiac structure was investigated with transmission electron microscopy and pathological examination; immunohistochemistry was performed to detect nitrotyrosine, collagen-1, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and F4/80 expression; and gene expression of markers for oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and energy metabolism was detected. Our results suggested that SPR attenuated mitochondrial morphological abnormalities and sarcoplasmic reticulum enlargement in diabetic rats. Compared to the STZ + NS group, cardiac oxidative stress, fibrosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction were improved by SPR treatment. Our study showed that SPR had cardioprotective effects in diabetic rats by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction and reducing fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study, for the first time, indicates that SPR might be a potential treatment for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Min He
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yemei Liu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital, 4 Duchun Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, China
| | - Yeping Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Shizhe Guo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yifei Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xuanchun Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Linuo Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shengmei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaoyun Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai 200040, China
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13
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Lezama-Martínez D, Valencia-Hernández I, Flores-Monroy J, Martínez-Aguilar L. Combination of β Adrenergic Receptor Block and Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition Diminished the Angiotensin II-Induced Vasoconstriction and Increased Bradykinin-Induced Vasodilation in Hypertension. Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817737932. [PMID: 29162996 PMCID: PMC5686879 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817737932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In hypertension, the combination therapy is frequently used to obtain a better therapeutic effect and reduce adverse effects. One effective combination is with inhibitors and β-blockers of renin–angiotensin system. Although the mechanisms of action of each drug are already known, the antihypertensive mechanism is more complex and therefore the combined treatment mechanism is unclear. Specifically, the effect of the treatments of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or AT1 receptor antagonist with β-blocker on the angiotensin II and bradykinin reactivity has not been studied. For this reason, we evaluated the interaction between propranolol and captopril or losartan on vascular reactivity to bradykinin and angiotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rat. We constructed concentration–response curves to angiotensin II and bradykinin after treatment of SHR with propranolol–captopril or propranolol–losartan by using rat aortic rings. While losartan or captopril with propranolol potentiated bradykinin-induced vasodilation effect, the propranolol–losartan interaction decreased the angiotensin II-induced vasoconstriction. In addition, the combinations did not reduce the heart rate significantly. These results suggest that the combined therapy decreased blood pressure to normotensive values and showed less effect for angiotensin II and greater effect for bradykinin than monotherapy which could contribute in the antihypertensive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Lezama-Martínez
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, FES Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli, Mexico, Mexico.,Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, DF, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Valencia-Hernández
- Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, DF, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jazmin Flores-Monroy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, FES Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Luisa Martínez-Aguilar
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, FES Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlan Izcalli, Mexico, Mexico
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14
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Vranic A, Simovic S, Ristic P, Nikolic T, Stojic I, Srejovic I, Zivkovic V, Jakovljevic V, Djuric D. The acute effects of different spironolactone doses on cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1343-1350. [PMID: 28746811 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, while diabetes mellitus remains an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity. A recent study showed that patients with diabetes mellitus treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have improved coronary microvascular function, leading to improved diastolic dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated the influence of acute administration of spironolactone on myocardial function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, with special emphasis on cardiodynamic parameters in diabetic rat hearts. The present study was carried out on 40 adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 animals per group): healthy rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, diabetic rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, healthy rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone, and diabetic rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone. Different, dose-dependent, acute responses of spironolactone treatment on isolated, working diabetic and healthy rat heart were observed in our study. In healthy rats, better systolic function was achieved with higher spironolactone dose, while in diabetic rats, similar effects of low and high spironolactone dose were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Vranic
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Stefan Simovic
- b Clinic for Cardiology, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Petar Ristic
- c Clinic of Endocrinology, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Nikolic
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Isidora Stojic
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- d Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- d Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- d Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia.,e 1st Moscow State Medical, Department of Human Pathology, University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dusan Djuric
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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15
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Proanthocyanidins block aldosterone-dependent up-regulation of cardiac gamma ENaC and Nedd4-2 inactivation via SGK1. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 37:13-19. [PMID: 27592201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone plays a central role in the development of cardiac pathological states involving ion transport imbalances, especially sodium transport. We have previously demonstrated a cardioprotective effect of proanthocyanidins in aldosterone-treated rats. Our objective was to investigate for the first time the effect of proanthocyanidins on serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), epithelial Na+ channel (γ-ENaC), neuronal precursor cells expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-2 (Nedd4-2) and phosphoNedd4-2 protein expression in the hearts of aldosterone-treated rats. Male Wistar rats received aldosterone (1mg kg-1day-1)+1% NaCl for 3weeks. Half of the animals in each group were simultaneously treated with the proanthocyanidins-rich extract (80% w/w) (PRO80, 5mg kg-1day-1). Hypertension and diastolic dysfunction induced by aldosterone were abolished by treatment with PRO80. Expression of fibrotic, inflammatory and oxidative mediators were increased by aldosterone-salt administration and blunted by PRO80. Antioxidant capacity was improved by PRO80. The up-regulated aldosterone mediator SGK1, ENaC and p-Nedd4-2/total Nedd4-2 ratio were blocked by PRO80. PRO80 blunted aldosterone-mineralocorticoid-mediated up-regulation of ENaC provides new mechanistic insight of the beneficial effect of proanthocyanidins preventing the cardiac alterations induced by aldosterone excess.
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16
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Mu J, Wang QG, Wang XQ, Cheng FF, Li CX, Lian YJ. Mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its correlation with chronic stress. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:692-698. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i5.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the distributions of area and age have gradually expanded, and it has become a hot topic in the field of medical and scientific research. Previous studies often attributed the reason of NAFLD to unhealthy diet and lifestyle. However, recent studies have shown that chronic stress is one of the main factors for the development of NAFLD. In this paper, we present the latest research achievements on the mechanism of NAFLD caused by chronic stress, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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