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Larson J, Sather B, Wang L, Westrum J, Tokmina-Lukaszewska M, Pauley J, Copié V, McDermott TR, Bothner B. Metalloproteomics Reveals Multi-Level Stress Response in Escherichia coli When Exposed to Arsenite. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9528. [PMID: 39273475 PMCID: PMC11394912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The arsRBC operon encodes a three-protein arsenic resistance system. ArsR regulates the transcription of the operon, while ArsB and ArsC are involved in exporting trivalent arsenic and reducing pentavalent arsenic, respectively. Previous research into Agrobacterium tumefaciens 5A has demonstrated that ArsR has regulatory control over a wide range of metal-related proteins and metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that ArsR has broad regulatory control in other Gram-negative bacteria and set out to test this. Here, we use differential proteomics to investigate changes caused by the presence of the arsR gene in human microbiome-relevant Escherichia coli during arsenite (AsIII) exposure. We show that ArsR has broad-ranging impacts such as the expression of TCA cycle enzymes during AsIII stress. Additionally, we found that the Isc [Fe-S] cluster and molybdenum cofactor assembly proteins are upregulated regardless of the presence of ArsR under these same conditions. An important finding from this differential proteomics analysis was the identification of response mechanisms that were strain-, ArsR-, and arsenic-specific, providing new clarity to this complex regulon. Given the widespread occurrence of the arsRBC operon, these findings should have broad applicability across microbial genera, including sensitive environments such as the human gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Larson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Brett Sather
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Jade Westrum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | | - Jordan Pauley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Valérie Copié
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Timothy R McDermott
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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2
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Si H, Wang R, Zhao Y, Hao H, Zhao C, Xing S, Yu H, Liang X, Lu J, Chen X, Wang B. Large-scale soil application of hydrochar: Reducing its polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and toxicity by heating. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134467. [PMID: 38691930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The beneficial roles of hydrochar in carbon sequestration and soil improvement are widely accepted. Despite few available reports regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated during preparation, their potential negative impacts on ecosystems remain a concern. A heating treatment method was employed in this study for rapidly removing PAHs and reducing the toxicity of corn stover-based hydrochar (CHC). The result showed total PAHs content (∑PAH) decreased and then sharply increased within the temperature range from 150 °C to 400 °C. The ∑PAH and related toxicity in CHC decreased by more than 80% under 200 °C heating temperature, compared with those in the untreated sample, representing the lowest microbial toxicity. Benzo(a)pyrene produced a significant influence on the ecological toxicity of the hydrochar among the 16 types of PAHs. The impact of thermal treatment on the composition, content, and toxicity of PAHs was significantly influenced by the adsorption, migration, and desorption of PAHs within hydrochar pores, as well as the disintegration and aggregation of large molecular polymers. The combination of hydrochar with carbonized waste heat and exhaust gas collection could be a promising method to efficiently and affordably reduce hydrochar ecological toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Han Hao
- Jinan Xinhang Experimental Foreign Language School, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Changkai Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Sen Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hewei Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - JiKai Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China; School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, 66 Wa-liu Road, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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3
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Sevak P, Pushkar B. Arsenic pollution cycle, toxicity and sustainable remediation technologies: A comprehensive review and bibliometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119504. [PMID: 37956515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic pollution and its allied impacts on health are widely reported and have gained global attention in the last few decades. Although the natural distribution of arsenic is limited, anthropogenic activities have increased its mobility to distant locations, thereby increasing the number of people affected by arsenic pollution. Arsenic has a complex biogeochemical cycle which has a significant role in pollution. Therefore, this review paper has comprehensively analysed the biogeochemical cycle of arsenic which can dictate the occurrence of arsenic pollution. Considering the toxicity and nature of arsenic, the present work has also analysed the current status of arsenic pollution around the world. It is noted that the south of Asia, West-central Africa, west of Europe and Latin America are major hot spots of arsenic pollution. Bibliometric analysis was performed by using scopus database with specific search for keywords such as arsenic pollution, health hazards to obtain the relevant data. Scopus database was searched for the period of 20 years from year 2003-2023 and total of 1839 articles were finally selected for further analysis using VOS viewer. Bibliometric analysis of arsenic pollution and its health hazards has revealed that arsenic pollution is primarily caused by anthropogenic sources and the key sources of arsenic exposure are drinking water, sea food and agricultural produces. Arsenic pollution was found to be associated with severe health hazards such as cancer and other health issues. Thus considering the severity of the issue, few sustainable remediation technologies such as adsorption using microbes, biological waste material, nanomaterial, constructed wetland, phytoremediation and microorganism bioremediation are proposed for treating arsenic pollution. These approaches are environmentally friendly and highly sustainable, thus making them suitable for the current scenario of environmental crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sevak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhupendra Pushkar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mumbai, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, Maharashtra, India.
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Song D, Zhu S, Chen L, Zhang T, Zhang L. The strategy of arsenic metabolism in an arsenic-resistant bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SCSIOOM isolated from fish gut. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:120085. [PMID: 36058313 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria are candidates for the biotransformation of environmental arsenic (As), while As metabolism in bacteria is not yet fully understood. In this study, we sequenced the genome of an As-resistant bacterium strain Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SCSIOOM isolated from the fish gut. After arsenate (As(V)) exposure, S. maltophilia transformed As(V) to organoarsenicals, along with the significant change of the expression of 40 genes, including the upregulation of arsH, arsRBC and betIBA. The heterogeneous expression of arsH and arsRBC increased As resistance of E. coli AW3110 by increasing As efflux and transformation. E. coli AW3110 (pET-betIBA) could transform inorganic As into dimethylarsinate (DMA) and nontoxic arsenobetaine (AsB), which suggested that AsB could be synthesized through the synthetic pathway of its analog-glycine betaine. In addition, the existence of arsRBC, betIBA and arsH reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by As exposure. In total, these results demonstrated that S. maltophilia adopted an As metabolism strategy by reducing As accumulation and synthesizing less toxic As species. We first reported the production and potential synthetic pathway of AsB in bacteria, which improved our knowledge of As toxicology in microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lizhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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5
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Li YP, Fekih IB, Fru EC, Moraleda-Munoz A, Li X, Rosen BP, Yoshinaga M, Rensing C. Antimicrobial Activity of Metals and Metalloids. Annu Rev Microbiol 2021; 75:175-197. [PMID: 34343021 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032921-123231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Competition shapes evolution. Toxic metals and metalloids have exerted selective pressure on life since the rise of the first organisms on the Earth, which has led to the evolution and acquisition of resistance mechanisms against them, as well as mechanisms to weaponize them. Microorganisms exploit antimicrobial metals and metalloids to gain competitive advantage over other members of microbial communities. This exerts a strong selective pressure that drives evolution of resistance. This review describes, with a focus on arsenic and copper, how microorganisms exploit metals and metalloids for predation and how metal- and metalloid-dependent predation may have been a driving force for evolution of microbial resistance against metals and metalloids. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 75 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ping Li
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China;
| | - Ibtissem Ben Fekih
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China;
| | - Ernest Chi Fru
- Centre for Geobiology and Geochemistry, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Aurelio Moraleda-Munoz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Xuanji Li
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Masafumi Yoshinaga
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, China;
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Arsenate-Induced Changes in Bacterial Metabolite and Lipid Pools during Phosphate Stress. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02261-20. [PMID: 33361371 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02261-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens GW4 is a heterotrophic arsenite-oxidizing bacterium with a high resistance to arsenic toxicity. It is now a model organism for studying the processes of arsenic detoxification and utilization. Previously, we demonstrated that under low-phosphate conditions, arsenate [As(V)] could enhance bacterial growth and be incorporated into biomolecules, including lipids. While the basic microbial As(V) resistance mechanisms have been characterized, global metabolic responses under low phosphate remain largely unknown. In the present work, the impacts of As(V) and low phosphate on intracellular metabolite and lipid profiles of GW4 were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) in combination with transcriptional assays and the analysis of intracellular ATP and NADH levels. Metabolite profiling revealed that oxidative stress response pathways were altered and suggested an increase in DNA repair. Changes in metabolite levels in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle along with increased ATP are consistent with As(V)-enhanced growth of A. tumefaciens GW4. Lipidomics analysis revealed that most glycerophospholipids decreased in abundance when As(V) was available. However, several glycerolipid classes increased, an outcome that is consistent with maximizing growth via a phosphate-sparing phenotype. Differentially regulated lipids included phosphotidylcholine and lysophospholipids, which have not been previously reported in A. tumefaciens The metabolites and lipids identified in this study deepen our understanding of the interplay between phosphate and arsenate on chemical and metabolic levels.IMPORTANCE Arsenic is widespread in the environment and is one of the most ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Parodoxically, the growth of certain bacteria is enhanced by arsenic when phosphate is limited. Arsenate and phosphate are chemically similar, and this behavior is believed to represent a phosphate-sparing phenotype in which arsenate is used in place of phosphate in certain biomolecules. The research presented here uses a global approach to track metabolic changes in an environmentally relevant bacterium during exposure to arsenate when phosphate is low. Our findings are relevant for understanding the environmental fate of arsenic as well as how human-associated microbiomes respond to this common toxin.
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Shi K, Wang Q, Wang G. Microbial Oxidation of Arsenite: Regulation, Chemotaxis, Phosphate Metabolism and Energy Generation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:569282. [PMID: 33072028 PMCID: PMC7533571 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a metalloid that occurs widely in the environment. The biological oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] to arsenate [As(V)] is considered a strategy to reduce arsenic toxicity and provide energy. In recent years, research interests in microbial As(III) oxidation have been growing, and related new achievements have been revealed. This review focuses on the highlighting of the novel regulatory mechanisms of bacterial As(III) oxidation, the physiological relevance of different arsenic sensing systems and functional relationship between microbial As(III) oxidation and those of chemotaxis, phosphate uptake, carbon metabolism and energy generation. The implication to environmental bioremediation applications of As(III)-oxidizing strains, the knowledge gaps and perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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8
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Rawle RA, Tokmina-Lukaszewska M, Shi Z, Kang YS, Tripet BP, Dang F, Wang G, McDermott TR, Copie V, Bothner B. Metabolic Responses to Arsenite Exposure Regulated through Histidine Kinases PhoR and AioS in Agrobacterium tumefaciens 5A. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091339. [PMID: 32887433 PMCID: PMC7565993 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenite (AsIII) oxidation is a microbially-catalyzed transformation that directly impacts arsenic toxicity, bioaccumulation, and bioavailability in environmental systems. The genes for AsIII oxidation (aio) encode a periplasmic AsIII sensor AioX, transmembrane histidine kinase AioS, and cognate regulatory partner AioR, which control expression of the AsIII oxidase AioBA. The aio genes are under ultimate control of the phosphate stress response via histidine kinase PhoR. To better understand the cell-wide impacts exerted by these key histidine kinases, we employed 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics to characterize the metabolic profiles of ΔphoR and ΔaioS mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens 5A during AsIII oxidation. The data reveals a smaller group of metabolites impacted by the ΔaioS mutation, including hypoxanthine and various maltose derivatives, while a larger impact is observed for the ΔphoR mutation, influencing betaine, glutamate, and different sugars. The metabolomics data were integrated with previously published transcriptomics analyses to detail pathways perturbed during AsIII oxidation and those modulated by PhoR and/or AioS. The results highlight considerable disruptions in central carbon metabolism in the ΔphoR mutant. These data provide a detailed map of the metabolic impacts of AsIII, PhoR, and/or AioS, and inform current paradigms concerning arsenic-microbe interactions and nutrient cycling in contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Rawle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Monika Tokmina-Lukaszewska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (M.T.-L.); (B.P.T.); (F.D.)
| | - Zunji Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Yoon-Suk Kang
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (Y.-S.K.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Brian P. Tripet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (M.T.-L.); (B.P.T.); (F.D.)
| | - Fang Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (M.T.-L.); (B.P.T.); (F.D.)
| | - Gejiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Z.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Timothy R. McDermott
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (Y.-S.K.); (T.R.M.)
| | - Valerie Copie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (M.T.-L.); (B.P.T.); (F.D.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (M.T.-L.); (B.P.T.); (F.D.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (B.B.)
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McDermott TR, Stolz JF, Oremland RS. Arsenic and the gastrointestinal tract microbiome. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020; 12:136-159. [PMID: 31773890 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxin, ranking first on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and the Environmental Protection Agency Priority List of Hazardous Substances. Chronic exposure increases the risk of a broad range of human illnesses, most notably cancer; however, there is significant variability in arsenic-induced disease among exposed individuals. Human genetics is a known component, but it alone cannot account for the large inter-individual variability in the presentation of arsenicosis symptoms. Each part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) may be considered as a unique environment with characteristic pH, oxygen concentration, and microbiome. Given the well-established arsenic redox transformation activities of microorganisms, it is reasonable to imagine how the GIT microbiome composition variability among individuals could play a significant role in determining the fate, mobility and toxicity of arsenic, whether inhaled or ingested. This is a relatively new field of research that would benefit from early dialogue aimed at summarizing what is known and identifying reasonable research targets and concepts. Herein, we strive to initiate this dialogue by reviewing known aspects of microbe-arsenic interactions and placing it in the context of potential for influencing host exposure and health risks. We finish by considering future experimental approaches that might be of value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R McDermott
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - John F Stolz
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Environmental Research and Education, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Gu J, Sunahara G, Duran R, Yao J, Cui Y, Tang C, Li H, Mihucz VG. Sb(III)-resistance mechanisms of a novel bacterium from non-ferrous metal tailings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109773. [PMID: 31614300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism(s) of microbial resistance to antimony (Sb) is critical in the bioremediation of Sb polluted environments. Here a novel bacterium (Acinetobacter sp. JH7) isolated from mine tailings decreased the Microtox toxicity of a Sb(III)-containing medium. DNA sequencing and physiological testing were employed for the identification and characterization of strain JH7. Following a batch experiment, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and antimony speciation analyses determined the adsorption and oxidation of antimony. Analyses of Sb(III) distribution revealed that extracellular polymeric substances and cell walls inhibited Sb(III) entry into JH7 cells. FTIR studies indicated that key functional groups including -OH, C-N, and C-O likely participated in Sb(III) biosorption. Isothermal and kinetic studies revealed that Sb(III) sorption to viable JH7 cells fitted the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99) and could be described by pseudo-second order kinetics (R2 = 0.99). Furthermore, the increase of anti-oxidative enzymatic activity of JH7 enhanced the intracellular detoxification of Sb(III), which would indirectly contribute to the Sb(III) resistance ability of strain JH7. Our results indicate that biosorption and ROS oxidation of Sb(III) were likely responsible for the decreased toxicity of Sb. The greater understanding how Acinetobacter sp. JH7 lowers the environmental Sb(III) toxicity could provide a basis for future research and subsequent development of technologies for the remediation of Sb contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Gu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Robert Duran
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China; Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, MELODY Group, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, IPREM UMR CNRS 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau Cedex, France
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongqiang Cui
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - CengCeng Tang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Victor G Mihucz
- Sino-Hungarian Joint Research Laboratory for Environmental Sciences and Health, ELTE-Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, Hungary
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11
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Li X, Qu C, Bian Y, Gu C, Jiang X, Song Y. New insights into the responses of soil microorganisms to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stress by combining enzyme activity and sequencing analysis with metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113312. [PMID: 31610503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some of the most widespread organic contaminants, are highly toxic to soil microorganisms. Whether long-term polluted soils can still respond to the fresh input of pollutants is unknown. In this study, the soil enzyme activity, soil microbial community structure and function and microbial metabolism pathways were examined to systematically investigate the responses of soil microorganisms to fresh PAH stress. Microbial activity as determined by soil dehydrogenase and urease activity was inhibited upon microbe exposure to PAH stress. In addition, the soil microbial community and function were obviously shifted under PAH stress. Both microbial diversity and richness were decreased by PAH stress. Rhizobacter, Sphingobium, Mycobacterium, Massilia, Bacillus and Pseudarthrobacter were significantly affected by PAH stress and can be considered important indicators of PAH contamination in agricultural soils. Moreover, the majority of microbial metabolic function predicted to respond to PAH stress were affected adversely. Finally, soil metabolomics further revealed specific inhibition of soil metabolism pathways associated with fatty acids, carbohydrates and amino acids. Therefore, the soil metabolic composition distinctively changed, reflecting a change in the soil metabolism. In summary, fresh contaminant introduction into long-term polluted soils inhibited microbial activity and metabolism, which might profoundly affect the whole soil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Li
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changsheng Qu
- Jiangsu Academy of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yongrong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chenggang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Expression of Genes and Proteins Involved in Arsenic Respiration and Resistance in Dissimilatory Arsenate-Reducing Geobacter sp. Strain OR-1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.00763-19. [PMID: 31101608 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00763-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction of arsenate [As(V)] to arsenite [As(III)] by dissimilatory As(V)-reducing bacteria, such as Geobacter spp., may play a significant role in arsenic release from anaerobic sediments into groundwater. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms by which these bacteria cope with this toxic element remain unclear. In this study, the expression of several genes involved in arsenic respiration (arr) and resistance (ars) was determined using Geobacter sp. strain OR-1, the only cultured Geobacter strain capable of As(V) respiration. In addition, proteins expressed differentially under As(V)-respiring conditions were identified by semiquantitative proteomic analysis. Dissimilatory As(V) reductase (Arr) of strain OR-1 was localized predominantly in the periplasmic space, and the transcription of its gene (arrA) was upregulated under As(V)-respiring conditions. The transcription of the detoxifying As(V) reductase gene (arsC) was also upregulated, but its induction required 500 times higher concentration of As(III) (500 μM) than did the arrA gene. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed that in addition to the Arr and Ars proteins, proteins involved in the following processes were upregulated under As(V)-respiring conditions: (i) protein folding and assembly for rescue of proteins with oxidative damage, (ii) DNA replication and repair for restoration of DNA breaks, (iii) anaplerosis and gluconeogenesis for sustainable energy production and biomass formation, and (iv) protein and nucleotide synthesis for the replacement of damaged proteins and nucleotides. These results suggest that strain OR-1 copes with arsenic stress by orchestrating pleiotropic processes that enable this bacterium to resist and actively metabolize arsenic.IMPORTANCE Dissimilatory As(V)-reducing bacteria, such as Geobacter spp., play significant roles in arsenic release and contamination in groundwater and threaten the health of people worldwide. However, the biochemical and molecular mechanisms by which these bacteria cope with arsenic toxicity remain unclear. In this study, it was found that both respiratory and detoxifying As(V) reductases of a dissimilatory As(V)-reducing bacterium, Geobacter sp. strain OR-1, were upregulated under As(V)-respiring conditions. In addition, various proteins expressed specifically or more abundantly in strain OR-1 under arsenic stress were identified. Strain OR-1 actively metabolizes arsenic while orchestrating various metabolic processes that repair oxidative damage caused by arsenic. Such information is useful in assessing and identifying possible countermeasures for the prevention of microbial arsenic release in nature.
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Cardoso P, Santos M, Freitas R, Rocha SM, Figueira E. Response of Rhizobium to Cd exposure: A volatile perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:802-811. [PMID: 28865386 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The volatile metabolome of Rhizobium sp. strain E20-8 exposed to three concentrations of cadmium (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 μM) was screened using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToFMS), combined with headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Cd exposure induced a global increase in the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) both intra and extracellularly. Peak areas of several linear alkanes, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, terpenic and volatile sulfur compounds, and one ester (ethyl acetate), were especially increased when compared with the control condition (no Cd). These compounds might originate from the metabolization of toxic membrane peroxidation products, the proteolysis of oxidized proteins or the alteration of metabolic pathways, resulting from the oxidative stress imposed by Cd. Several VOCs are related to oxidative damage, but the production of VOCs involved in antioxidant response (menthol, α-pinene, dimethyl sulfide, disulfide and trisulfide, 1-butanol and 2-butanone) and in cell aggregation (2,3-butanedione, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-butanone) is also observed. These results bring new information that highlights the role of VOCs on bacteria response to Cd stress, identify a novel set of biomarkers related with metal stress and provide information to be applied in biotechnological and remediation contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cardoso
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Magda Santos
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sílvia M Rocha
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Molina-Santiago C, Udaondo Z, Cordero BF, Ramos JL. Interspecies cross-talk between co-cultured Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 9:441-448. [PMID: 28585781 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli are ubiquitous microorganisms that can be isolated from soil rhizosphere, the surface of vegetables, fresh waters and wastewaters - environments in which they likely co-exist. Despite this, the potential interactions between these microbes have not been studied in detail. To analyse these interactions, we carried out RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis of these microbes as monocultures and as co-cultures. Our results show that co-culture of these microbes significantly alters transcriptional profiles. The most dramatic transcriptional changes in both microorganisms were involved in central carbon metabolism, as well as adhesion to surfaces and the activation of drug efflux pumps. We also found that acetate production was one of the mechanisms used by E. coli K-12 MG1655 in response to the presence of P. putida DOT-T1E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Molina-Santiago
- Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, E-18008, Spain
| | - Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, E-18008, Spain
| | - Baldo F Cordero
- Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, E-18008, Spain
| | - Juan L Ramos
- Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, E-18008, Spain
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Oremland RS, Stolz JF. Metabolomic changes in response to toxic arsenite. Environ Microbiol 2017; 19:413-414. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John F. Stolz
- Department of Biological Sciences; Duquesne University; Pittsburgh PA 15282 USA
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