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Salah H, Houbraken J, Boekhout T, Almaslamani M, Taj-Aldeen SJ. Molecular epidemiology of clinical filamentous fungi in Qatar beyond Aspergillus and Fusarium with notes on the rare species. Med Mycol 2023; 61:6967136. [PMID: 36592959 PMCID: PMC9874029 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to an increasing number of patients at risk (i.e., those with a highly compromised immune system and/or receiving aggressive chemotherapy treatment), invasive fungal infections (IFI) are increasingly being reported and associated with high mortality rates. Aspergillus spp., particularly A. fumigatus, is the major cause of IFI caused by filamentous fungi around the world followed by Fusarium spp., however, other fungi are emerging as human pathogens. The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiology and prevalence of the non-Aspergillus and non-Fusarium filamentous fungi in human clinical samples over an 11-year period in Qatar using molecular techniques. We recovered 53 filamentous fungal isolates from patients with various clinical conditions. Most patients were males (75.5%), 9.4% were immunocompromised, 20.7% had IFI, and 11.3% died within 30 days of diagnosis. The fungal isolates were recovered from a variety of clinical samples, including the nasal cavity, wounds, respiratory samples, body fluids, eye, ear, tissue, abscess, and blood specimens. Among the fungi isolated, 49% were dematiaceous fungi, followed by Mucorales (30%), with the latter group Mucorales being the major cause of IFI (5/11, 45.5%). The current study highlights the epidemiology and spectrum of filamentous fungal genera, other than Aspergillus and Fusarium, recovered from human clinical samples in Qatar, excluding superficial infections, which can aid in the surveillance of uncommon and emerging mycoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Salah
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Husam Salah, M.Sc. Division
of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical
Corporation, Doha, Qatar, PO Box 3050. Tel: +97-444-391-047. E-mail: ;
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Applied and Industrial Mycology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity
Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Yeast Research, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute,
Utrecht, Netherlands,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | | | - Saad J Taj-Aldeen
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and
Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha,
Qatar,Department of Biology, College of Science, University of
Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
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Ibrahim H, ALfishawy M, Ali A, Maksod SA, Khorshed M, Rady H, Alsisi A, Mohamed A, Alkassas O, Haron M, Saied S. Fungal brain abscesses caused by Acremonium species. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2023; 35:5. [PMID: 36741047 PMCID: PMC9884595 DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Unusual fungal agents that exist environmentally as saprophytes can often lead to opportunistic infections, hyalohyphomycosis is a group of fungal infections caused by fungi characterized by hyaline septate hyphae and can infect both immunocompetent as well as immunocompromised patients, and Acremonium has drawn the attention of clinicians and microbiologists, as a potential pathogen in patients with and without underlying risk factors. It has also been increasingly implicated in systemic fungal diseases. Herein, we describe a case presentation of an immunocompromised patient with fungal brain abscesses due to Acremonium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Ibrahim
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Attaa Ali
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Magdy Khorshed
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan Rady
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alsisi
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel Mohamed
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar Alkassas
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Haron
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Suzan Saied
- Intensive Care Unit Team, Embaba Fever Hospital, Giza, Egypt
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Yang Y, Fan Y, Li T, Yang Y, Zeng F, Wang H, Suo H, Song J, Zhang Y. Microbial composition and correlation between microbiota and quality-related physiochemical characteristics in chongqing radish paocai. Food Chem 2022; 369:130897. [PMID: 34455330 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chongqing radish paocai (paocai) is produced by fermentation of fresh vegetables. It gained attention for its non-negligible contribution in Sichuan cuisine and potential health benefits. This study explored microbial structures in six home-made paocai using high through-put sequencing. Key microbial communities were identified based on significant correlations with quality-related physiochemical attributes. Results suggest bacterial diversity level significantly decreased during fermentation, while fungal diversity level were inconsistent across different alpha-diversity indexes. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the predominant bacterial phylum in all samples. Lactic acid bacteria, namely Lactobacillus and L. plantarum were the predominant bacteria at genus and species levels. Fungi had overall weak correlations with physiochemical attributes, several bacterial species significantly correlated with physiochemical attributes, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, and Weissella cibaria. Overall, this study identified key microbial communities and discussed their functional roles that could contribute to consistent production of high-quality Chongqing radish paocai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China; National Teaching Demonstration Center of Food Science and Engineering of Southwest University, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Fan
- General Mills. Inc. Minneapolis, MN 55426, USA
| | - Ting Li
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Fankun Zeng
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China; National Teaching Demonstration Center of Food Science and Engineering of Southwest University, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, Chongqing, China.
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Microeukaryotic Communities on the Fruit of Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. with a Focus on Pathogenic Fungi. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050555. [PMID: 34064327 PMCID: PMC8147784 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Woody fruit which stay on ornamental plants for a long time may present a risk of infection to other organisms due to the presence of pathogens on their surface. We compared the microbe communities on the fruit surfaces of garden ornamental Gardenia thunbergia Thunb. with those on other surfaces in the study region. As Gardenia fruit contain antifungal substances, the focus of this study was on the fungal communities that exist thereon. We used Illumina sequencing to identify Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASV) of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the ribosomal RNA. The microbial communities of the Gardenia fruit are distinct from the communities from the surrounding environments, indicating a specialized microhabitat. We employed clustering methods to position unidentified ASVs relative to known ASVs. We identified a total of 56 ASVs representing high risk fungal species as putative plant pathogens exclusively found on the fruit of Gardenia. Additionally, we found several ASVs representing putative animal or human pathogens. Those pathogens were distributed over distinct fungi clades. The infection risk of the high diversity of putative pathogens represented on the Gardenia fruit needs to be elucidated in further investigations.
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Yi T, Lei L, He L, Yi J, Li L, Dai L, Hong Y. Symbiotic Fungus Affected the Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) Resistance to Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:522164. [PMID: 33391190 PMCID: PMC7772971 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.522164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is a notorious Rutaceae plant pest. Frequent and extensive use of pesticides has resulted in severe insecticide resistance in ACP populations. Fully understanding the mechanism of ACP resistance to pesticides is vital for us to control or delay the development of resistance. Therefore, we compared the difference in resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam between Hunan (Yongzhou, Chenzhou) and Guangdong (Guangzhou) ACP populations and analyzed the correlations between the resistance level and genes and symbiotic fungi. The results showed that the resistance of the Guangdong ACP population to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam was lower than that of Hunan ACP population, and the relative expression of genes associated with P450 mono-oxygenase and acetylcholinesterase was significantly lower in the Guangdong ACP population than in Hunan ACP population. The differences of mean relative abundances of four symbiotic bacteria among three populations were marginally significant; however, the mean relative abundance of 16 fungi among three populations was significantly different, and positive linear correlations were observed between the resistance level and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Aureobasidium pullulans) and two genes (CYP4C70 and CYP4DB1). Negative correlations were only observed between the resistance level and two fungi (Golubevia pallescens and Acremonium sclerotigenum). Moreover, four fungi were unique to the Chenzhou population which was the highest resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. These findings suggested the P450 mono-oxygenase and symbiotic fungi together affected ACP resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. In the future, we may use environmental G. pallescens and A. sclerotigenum to control or delay ACP resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyong Yi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianglan Yi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingguo Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangying Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanyun Hong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Pérez-Cantero A, Guarro J. Sarocladium and Acremonium infections: New faces of an old opportunistic fungus. Mycoses 2020; 63:1203-1214. [PMID: 33090564 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The genera Acremonium and Sarocladium comprise a high diversity of morphologically and genetically related fungi generally found in the environment, although a few species, mainly Sarocladium kiliense and Acremonium egyptiacum, can also be involved in many human infections. Clinical management of opportunistic infections caused by these fungi is very complex, since their correct identification is unreliable, and they generally show poor antifungal response. More than 300 clinical cases involving a broad range of Acremonium/Sarocladium infections have so far been published, and with this review we aim to compile and provide a detailed overview of the current knowledge on Acremonium/Sarocladium human infections in terms of presentation, diagnosis, treatments and prognoses. We also aim to summarise and discuss the data currently available on their antifungal susceptibility, emphasising the promising results obtained with voriconazole as well as their impact in terms of animal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pérez-Cantero
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili and Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Guarro
- Unitat de Microbiologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili and Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
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Summerbell RC, Gueidan C, Guarro J, Eskalen A, Crous PW, Gupta AK, Gené J, Cano-Lira JF, van Iperen A, Starink M, Scott JA. The Protean Acremonium. A. sclerotigenum/egyptiacum: Revision, Food Contaminant, and Human Disease. Microorganisms 2018; 6:E88. [PMID: 30115839 PMCID: PMC6164869 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acremonium is known to be regularly isolated from food and also to be a cause of human disease. Herein, we resolve some sources of confusion that have strongly hampered the accurate interpretation of these and other isolations. The recently designated type species of the genus Acremonium, A. alternatum, is known only from a single isolate, but it is the closest known relative of what may be one of the planet's most successful organisms, Acremonium sclerotigenum/egyptianum, shown herein to be best called by its earliest valid name, A. egyptiacum. The sequencing of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, actin genes, or both for 72 study isolates within this group allowed the full range of morphotypes and ITS barcode types to be elucidated, along with information on temperature tolerance and habitat. The results showed that nomenclatural confusion and frequent misidentifications facilitated by morphotaxonomy, along with misidentified early sequence deposits, have obscured the reality that this species is, in many ways, the definitive match of the historical concept of Acremonium: a pale orange or dull greenish-coloured monophialidic hyphomycete, forming cylindrical, ellipsoidal, or obovoid conidia in sticky heads or obovoid conidia in dry chains, and acting ecologically as a soil organism, marine organism, plant pathogen, plant endophyte, probable insect pathogen, human opportunistic pathogen, food contaminant, probable dermatological communicable disease agent, and heat-tolerant spoilage organism. Industrially, it is already in exploratory use as a producer of the antibiotic ascofuranone, active against trypanosomes, cryptosporidia, and microsporidia, and additional applications are in development. The genus-level clarification of the phylogeny of A. egyptiacum shows other historic acremonia belong to separate genera, and two are here described, Parasarocladium for the Acremonium radiatum complex and Kiflimonium for the Acremonium curvulum complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Summerbell
- Sporometrics, 219 Dufferin St. Ste. 20C, Toronto, ON M6K 1Y9 Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Cecile Gueidan
- Australian National Herbarium, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO-NCMI, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Josep Guarro
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, 43201 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Akif Eskalen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Aditya K Gupta
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
- Mediprobe Research Inc., London, ON N5X 2P1, Canada.
| | - Josepa Gené
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, 43201 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Jose F Cano-Lira
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, 43201 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Arien van Iperen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Mieke Starink
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - James A Scott
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada.
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Camplesi M, Silva HM, Arantes AM, Costa CR, Ataides FS, Silva TC, Reis MDPCD, Silva MDRR. Invasive fungal infection in patients with hematologic disorders in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2017; 50:80-85. [PMID: 28327806 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0191-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an important complication in immunocompromised individuals, particularly neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. In this study, we aimed to verify the epidemiology and diagnosis of IFIs in patients with hematologic problems at a tertiary hospital in Goiânia-GO, Brazil. METHODS: Data from 117 patients, involving 19 cases of IFIs, were collected. The collected data included diagnosis methods, demographics, clinical characteristics, and in vitro susceptibility to different antifungal agents. Among the 19 cases, 12 were classified as proven IFI and 7 as probable invasive aspergillosis with detection of galactomannan in blood and presence of lung infiltrates in radiographic images. Logistic regression analysis showed that the proven and probable IFIs were associated with increased risk of death. Statistical analysis demonstrated that age, sex, and underlying disease were not independently associated with risk of death in IFI patients. RESULTS: Most bloodstream isolates of Candida spp. exhibited low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to all antifungal agents tested. Voriconazole and amphotericin had the lowest MICs for Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., but Fusarium spp. showed the least susceptibility to all antifungals tested. Amphotericin B, fluconazole, and itraconazole were found to be inactive in vitro against Acremonium kiliense; but this fungus was sensitive to voriconazole. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the high number of IFI cases, with crude mortality rate of 6%, we could conclude that IFIs remain a common infection in patients with hematological malignancies and underdiagnosed ante mortem. Thus, IFIs should be monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Camplesi
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Universidade Paulista, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Hildene Meneses Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Carolina Rodrigues Costa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Fábio Silvestre Ataides
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Thaisa Cristina Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Maysa de Paula Costa Dos Reis
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Maria do Rosário Rodrigues Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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