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Battacone G, Lunesu MF, Manso T, Vieira C, Pulina G, Nudda A. The quality of meat in milk fed lambs is affected by the ewe diet: A review. Meat Sci 2024; 207:109374. [PMID: 37922665 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Several scientific publications have highlighted the importance of feeding management practices in improving the nutritional properties of milk from dairy ewes. Meat production quality from suckling lambs is based on the use of milk as exclusive or near exclusive dietary component. There is considerable evidence that lamb meat contains many important nutrients and bioactive compounds that play an important role in consumer health. This paper examines the different quality characteristics of lamb meat from ewes fed different diets to improve milk quality. To conduct this research, we consulted different scientific databases and acquired relevant documents that studied the relationships between the dietary treatment of lactating ewes and the performance of their suckling lambs (growth and carcass traits) as well as the meat quality in terms of nutrient content (fat and protein in particular), bioactive compounds content (fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidant molecules), color, odor and flavor. The extent of change in meat carcass traits and meat quality of suckling lambs due to different feeding strategies applied to ewes was evaluated and discussed. This overview of the knowledge on the relationship between the milk quality and suckling lamb quality can be useful for production and communication strategies development for the lamb meat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Battacone
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39a, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Manso
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ceferina Vieira
- Estación Tecnológica de la Carne, Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL), Guijuelo, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Pulina
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39a, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Anna Nudda
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39a, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Alshamiry FA, Alharthi AS, Al-Baadani HH, Aljumaah RS, Alhidary IA. Growth Rates, Carcass Traits, Meat Yield, and Fatty Acid Composition in Growing Lambs under Different Feeding Regimes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020409. [PMID: 36836766 PMCID: PMC9966752 DOI: 10.3390/life13020409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 75 male Awassi (mean BW 23.5 ± 2.0 kg; 3 months old) were used in an 84-day trial to investigate the effects of different feeding regimes on productive performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, and the fatty acid profile of growing lambs. Animals were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 25 lambs each. The dietary treatments were as follows: (1) whole barley grain (60%) plus alfalfa hay (40%; GB-AH; the basal diet); (2) a concentrate pelleted diet plus alfalfa hay (CP-AH); and (3) a complete pelleted diet (CPD). Feed intake was measured weekly, and all lambs were weighed every two weeks for an evaluation of the productive parameters. Blood samples were collected from all lambs for the measurement of biochemical and enzymatic variables. At the end of the experiment, 13 lambs from each treatment were slaughtered to evaluate the carcass characteristics, meat quality, and fatty acid composition. The final body weight, body weight gain, average daily gain, and feed efficiency of lambs were lowest (p < 0.05) in lambs on the grain and alfalfa diet compared with the other groups. Feeding lambs either the CP-AH or CPD diets resulted (p < 0.05) in increases in slaughter weight, carcass weights (hot and cold), the percentage of liver and shoulder, carcass length, back fat thickness, and the area of longissimus thoracis muscle compared with those lambs on the GB-AF diet. The proportion of saturated fatty acids in meat was greater (p = 0.04) in lambs fed on the GA-AH diet than in those of lambs fed on the pelleted diets. Lambs on the CP-AH diet had (p < 0.05) the highest ratios of PUFA to SFA and omega 6 to omega 3, and the proportion of omega 6. The atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes were lower (p < 0.05) in the CP-AH group compared with the GB-AH group. In conclusion, the results indicate that feeding growing lambs on concentrate pellets instead of whole barley grain improves the growth rate, traits, meat quality, and fatty acid profile, which have important implications for productivity, efficiency, and profitability in the livestock industry.
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3
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Timing of the outfield grazing season and finishing of lambs: a whole-farm modelling study of forage-based sheep production systems in Norway. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Liu Y, Li R, Ying Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Wu H, Lin K. Non-genetic factors affecting the meat quality and flavor of Inner Mongolian lambs: A review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1067880. [PMID: 36524229 PMCID: PMC9744951 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1067880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ranks first among the five major pastoral areas in terms of lamb breeding of China. The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has a vast territory, with many famous grasslands and thousands of forage plants and multiple local high-quality lamb breeds. After hundreds of years of artificial breeding and improvement, Mongolian sheep have developed many varieties. Different diets, feeding and treatment methods have effects on the production performance, lipid deposition and flavor composition of mutton sheep. Therefore, understanding the relationship among Inner Mongolian lamb, meat quality, and flavor will improve the production of high-quality mutton. The regulation of meat quality and flavor will have a profound impact on the deep processing and income-generating capabilities of mutton. Non-genetic factors affect the quality and flavor of mutton, which are more intuitive than genetic factors. In this review, we cover the contributions made by scientists to explore and improve the quality and flavor of Inner Mongolia lambs through non-genetic means, compare the differences between grazing and drylot-feeding in detail, and summarize some feed additives. We hope that based on our review, we can provide some inspiration to improve the meat quality of Mongolian sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongxin Wu
- Laboratory of Grass Product Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Kejian Lin
- Laboratory of Grass Product Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
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Ponnampalam EN, Kiani A, Santhiravel S, Holman BWB, Lauridsen C, Dunshea FR. The Importance of Dietary Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress, Meat and Milk Production, and Their Preservative Aspects in Farm Animals: Antioxidant Action, Animal Health, and Product Quality-Invited Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233279. [PMID: 36496798 PMCID: PMC9738477 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological effects of oxidative stress and associated free radicals on farm animal performance, productivity, and product quality may be managed via dietary interventions-specifically, the provision of feeds, supplements, and forages rich in antioxidants. To optimize this approach, it is important first to understand the development of free radicals and their contributions to oxidative stress in tissue systems of farm animals or the human body. The interactions between prooxidants and antioxidants will impact redox homeostasis and, therefore, the well-being of farm animals. The impact of free radical formation on the oxidation of lipids, proteins, DNA, and biologically important macromolecules will likewise impact animal performance, meat and milk quality, nutritional value, and longevity. Dietary antioxidants, endogenous antioxidants, and metal-binding proteins contribute to the 'antioxidant defenses' that control free radical formation within the biological systems. Different bioactive compounds of varying antioxidant potential and bio-accessibility may be sourced from tailored feeding systems. Informed and successful provision of dietary antioxidants can help alleviate oxidative stress. However, knowledge pertaining to farm animals, their unique biological systems, and the applications of novel feeds, specialized forages, bioactive compounds, etc., must be established. This review summarized current research to direct future studies towards more effective controls for free radical formation/oxidative stress in farm animals so that productivity and quality of meat and milk can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ali Kiani
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad P.O. Box 465, Iran
| | - Sarusha Santhiravel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Benjamin W. B. Holman
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Dias Junior PCG, dos Santos IJ, do Nascimento FL, Paternina EA, Alves BA, Pereira IG, Ramos AL, Alvarenga TI, Furusho-Garcia IF. Macadamia oil and vitamin E for lambs: performance, blood parameters, meat quality, fatty acid profile and gene expression. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Polli VA, Nuñez AJC, Mello RO, Carvalho S, Restle J, Costa PT, Barin JS, Nigeliskii AF, Pissinin D, Vaz RZ. Carcass traits and meat quality of lambs slaughtered during different seasonal conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:353. [PMID: 36264392 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of slaughtering feedlot Texel lambs during different climatic conditions on carcass and meat quality traits. Twenty castrated male Texel lambs (21.8 ± 0.62 kg) were distributed to two treatments according to the climatic conditions during the finishing period and at pre-slaughter: warm season (WS; mean temperature of 23.4 °C and 77.5% relative humidity) and cool season (CS; mean temperature of 14.9 °C and 79.5% relative humidity). During the pre-slaughter, thermal comfort was evaluated through the variables: respiratory frequency, rectal temperature, temperature of the ocular region, and temperature-humidity index (THI). After the finishing period, lambs were slaughtered, and carcass and meat quality traits were assessed. The THI values indicate that animals harvested in the WS spent 13 h of the day under potential thermal discomfort conditions in the week before slaughter and in the pre-slaughter period, whereas lambs harvested in the CS did not experience any thermal discomfort. Slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass dressing, and backfat thickness were greater (P ≤ 0.03), whereas cooling losses were lower (P < 0.01) for lambs slaughtered in the CS. Moreover, thawing losses were lower (P < 0.01), whereas cooking losses were greater (P < 0.01) for lambs harvested in the CS. Lambs slaughtered in the CS also showed greater meat redness, yellowness, and chroma values (P < 0.05). Although carcass traits were affected by the greater thermal discomfort exposure, meat quality of lambs was less impacted by the climatic conditions at slaughter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renius Oliveira Mello
- Department of Technology and Food Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João Restle
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Pablo Tavares Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliano Smanioto Barin
- Department of Technology and Food Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Dejanir Pissinin
- Polytechnic School, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Zambarda Vaz
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, RS, Brazil
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Mwangi FW, Savage D, Gardiner CP, Charmley E, Malau-Aduli BS, Kinobe RT, Malau-Aduli AEO. Feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics of steers backgrounded on buffel grass or buffel-Desmanthus mixed pastures. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:898325. [PMID: 36268043 PMCID: PMC9577290 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.898325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of tropical beef steers backgrounded on buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) only or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus (Desmanthus spp. ; 11.5% initial sward botanical composition) were evaluated. It was hypothesized that tropical beef cattle steers backgrounded on buffel grass only or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus with similar backgrounding growth performance will not differ in feedlot growth performance and carcass quality. Three hundred and twelve Bos indicus × Bos taurus tropical composite steers, 20-23 months old and weighing 413 ± 24 kg, previously backgrounded on buffel grass only or buffel-desmanthus mixed pastures for 147 days were finished on a concentrate diet in the feedlot for 110 days before slaughter. Buffel-desmanthus backgrounded steers had a slightly higher average daily gain (ADG; 1.8 kg/day) than the buffel grass backgrounded steers that had 1.7 kg/day ADG (p < 0.01). However, the final live weight and dry matter intake were not different (p ≥ 0.59). All the carcass traits measured were not different (p ≥ 0.18). Only 4% buffel grass and 8% buffel-desmanthus backgrounded steers fell short of the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) index, a level that is within the 4-9% reported for cattle produced in Queensland and slaughtered between July 2019 and June 2020. These findings indicate that desmanthus can be used to background beef cattle in northern Australia vertosol soil regions, where there is a paucity of adapted pasture legumes, with no negative impact on feedlot performance and carcass quality. The hypothesis that tropical beef cattle steers backgrounded on buffel grass only pastures or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus with similar backgrounding growth performance will have similar feedlot growth performance and carcass quality was accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista Waithira Mwangi
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Darryl Savage
- North Australian Pastoral Company, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher Peter Gardiner
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Edward Charmley
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag Aitkenvale, Australian Tropical Sciences and Innovation Precinct, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Bunmi Sherifat Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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9
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Giotto FM, Grandis FA, de Mello AS, Ribeiro EL. Discarded pecan seeds as an alternative feedstuff in lamb diets: Effects on intake, growth performance, carcass weights, and meat quality. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Ncube KT, Dzomba EF, Hadebe K, Soma P, Frylinck L, Muchadeyi FC. Carcass Quality Profiles and Associated Genomic Regions of South African Goat Populations Investigated Using Goat SNP50K Genotypes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030364. [PMID: 35158687 PMCID: PMC8833661 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary South Africa is one of the major goat producing countries on the African continent. However, despite a large number of goats being produced, there is still a growing demand for chevon, which leads to producers being unable to reach demand, resulting in an absence of chevon in retail markets. Carcass quality is an important economic trait that plays a major role in influencing consumer preferences and high nutrient provision. Even though chevon is an easily accessible meat for smallholder farmers and has health benefits, it is still less preferred due to perceptions of low meat quality attributes such as toughness, off-odours and flavour, and unappealing colour. The majority of goat populations are village ecotypes whose genetic potential for meat and carcass quality is unknown. Abstract Carcass quality includes a battery of essential economic meat traits that play a significant role in influencing farmer breed preferences. A preliminary study was undertaken to investigate the carcass quality and the associated genomic regions in a small nucleus of animals that are representative of South African goat genetic resources. Samples of the South African Boer (n = 14), Northern Cape Speckled (n = 14), Eastern Cape Xhosa Lob ear (n = 12), Nguni/Mbuzi (n = 13), and Village (n = 20) were genotyped using the Illumina goat SNP50K and were phenotyped for carcass quality traits. SA Boer goats had heavier warm and cold carcass weights (17.2 ± 2.3 kg and 16.3 ± 2.3 kg). Pella village goats raised under an intensive system had significantly (p < 0.05) heavier warm and cold carcass weights (9.9 ± 1.1 kg and 9.2 ± 1.2 kg) compared to the village goats that are raised extensively (9.1 ± 2.0 kg and 8.4 ± 1.9). A total of 40 SNPs located on chromosomes 6, 10, 12, 13, 19, and 21 were significantly associated with carcass traits at (−log10 [p < 0.05]). Candidate genes that were associated with carcass characteristics (GADD45G, IGF2R, GAS1, VAV3, CAPN8, CAPN7, CAPN2, GHSR, COLQ, MRAS, and POU1F1) were also observed. Results from this study will inform larger future studies that will ultimately find use in breed improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Tebogo Ncube
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (K.T.N.); (K.H.)
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa;
| | - Edgar Farai Dzomba
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa;
| | - Khanyisile Hadebe
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (K.T.N.); (K.H.)
| | - Pranisha Soma
- Agricultural Research Council, Animal Production, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; (P.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Lorinda Frylinck
- Agricultural Research Council, Animal Production, Private Bag X2, Irene 0062, South Africa; (P.S.); (L.F.)
| | - Farai Catherine Muchadeyi
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (K.T.N.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Fetherstone N, McGovern F, Boland T, McHugh N. How does maternal genetic merit and country of origin impact lamb performance pre- and post-weaning? Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Holman BWB, Fowler SM, Refshauge G, Hayes RC, Newell MT, Clayton EH, Bailes KL, Hopkins DL. The effect of perennial and annual wheat forages, fed with or without lucerne, on the fatty acid profile and oxidative status of lamb meat. Vet Anim Sci 2022; 15:100230. [PMID: 35028487 PMCID: PMC8739457 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2022.100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the fatty acid profile and oxidative status of the meat from lambs that were fed a novel perennial wheat or a conventional annual wheat, either as a cereal monoculture or lucerne biculture. Twelve lambs were assigned to each of the four dietary treatments (48 lambs in total) and held within individual pens for the duration of the 28 day feeding study. Lambs were slaughtered and the longissimus lumborum (LL) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles analysed. The independent effect of wheat type on fatty acid concentrations was negligible. The concentration of long-chain saturated and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher when lucerne was included in the diet. Only monounsaturated fatty acids were affected by the interaction between wheat type and lucerne. The three-way interaction between wheat type, lucerne and muscle was only significant for the concentration of C12:0 and anteiso-C15:0. The concentration of thiobarbituric reactive substances and vitamin E was higher in meat from lambs fed a lucerne biculture, compared with those fed a cereal monoculture. Furthermore, and independent to dietary treatment, higher concentration of omega-3, omega-6 and other health claimable fatty acids were found in the SM, compared with the LL. This information will support industry adoption of novel perennial wheat polycultures and help producers to utilise it as a dual-purpose crop for the production of grain and/or sheep meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W B Holman
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia
| | - Stephanie M Fowler
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia
| | - Gordon Refshauge
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia.,Cowra Agricultural Research and Advisory Station, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia
| | - Richard C Hayes
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Matthew T Newell
- Cowra Agricultural Research and Advisory Station, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia
| | - Edward H Clayton
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Kristy L Bailes
- Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga NSW 2678, Australia
| | - David L Hopkins
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra NSW 2794, Australia
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Yang Y, Li J, Jia X, Zhao Q, Ma Q, Yu Y, Tang C, Zhang J. Characterization of the Flavor Precursors and Flavor Fingerprints in Grazing Lambs by Foodomics. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020191. [PMID: 35053924 PMCID: PMC8774584 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tan sheep are greatly preferred by consumers in China because of their nutritional value and unique flavor. However, the meat quality of Tan sheep has decreased due to the change in feeding systems from grazing to indoor. Studies investigating the mechanisms for the decrease in meat quality are limited. A total of 28 Tan sheep were randomly allocated to two treatments, receiving a concentrated diet, or pasture. Flavor precursors and volatile compounds were analyzed with foodomics. E-nose and E-tongue analyses suggested that the aroma and taste profiles differed between the feeding systems. The grazing lambs had higher levels of linoleic acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.01). Metabolomics indicated that 25 hydrophilic metabolites active in glycolipid and amino acid metabolisms were changed by the feeding system. Among the 57 volatile compounds identified, methional, γ-butyrolactone, benzaldehyde, and ethyl acetate were at concentrations significantly higher in the grazing lambs than the indoor-fed lambs (p < 0.01). These results reveal key changes in flavor precursors and flavor profiles affected by the feeding system, which may provide an initial view of the reason for consumer preference for the grazing Tan sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueting Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China;
| | - Yanan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Y.); (J.L.); (X.J.); (Q.Z.); (Y.Y.); (C.T.)
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6281-5852
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Cabiddu A, Peratoner G, Valenti B, Monteils V, Martin B, Coppa M. A quantitative review of on-farm feeding practices to enhance the quality of grassland-based ruminant dairy and meat products. Animal 2021; 16 Suppl 1:100375. [PMID: 34688562 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, a large body of evidence has highlighted the major role of feeding management practices in improving specific nutritional, technological and sensory quality traits of ruminant products. However, results have been mostly obtained under controlled conditions, and have been rarely validated on-farm. Therefore, a quantitative review was conducted to quantify the effects of on-farm feeding management practices on carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins, colour, fatty acids (FAs), terpenes and sensory properties in the main animal product categories (PCs): dairy products from cattle (DC), sheep (DS) and goat (DG), and meat from cattle (MC) and sheep (MS). Four feeding scenarios were selected according to the consistency of on-farm studies in the literature: (a) feeding "Fresh herbage" instead of conserved forages; (b) ban any form of silage ("Silage-free"); (c) ban maize silage ("Maize silage-free"); (d) feeding forages from permanent grasslands rich in species or plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) ("PSM-rich permanent grassland"). Feeding fresh herbage increased the concentration of carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamin, n-3 FA, rumenic acid, and branched chain FA (BCFA), and reduced the concentration of saturated FA, for all PC, with overall stronger effect for dairy products than for meat. The texture of meat and dairy products was marginally affected, whereas feeding fresh herbage decreased lactic and increased vegetal notes in DC. The "Silage-free" feeding scenario resulted in increased vaccenic acid, rumenic acid, BCFA, and C18:3n-3 in DC. The "Maize silage-free" feeding scenario lowered n-6 FA whereas increased n-3, rumenic acid and BCFA concentrations in DC. Feeding ruminants with forages from "PSM-rich permanent grasslands" increased monounsaturated FA, n-3 FA and rumenic acid and decreased n-6 FA in dairy products, and only marginally affected meat FA composition. The DC from "PSM-rich permanent grasslands" showed higher intense, spicy and animal notes. Overall, the differences between feeding management practices observed on farm were smaller than those observed under controlled trials. Several confounding factors, not controlled when operating under on-farm conditions, could be at the origin of these divergences (i.e. mixed diets, forage characteristics, animal-related factors). This review confirmed that farming practices may differently affect several quality traits of ruminant products. It also highlighted the uneven knowledge on the effect of feeding management depending on the PC: larger for milk than for meat and decreasing when moving from cattle to sheep and from sheep to goat.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cabiddu
- Agris Sardegna, Loc. Bonassai 07040, Olmedo, Italy
| | - G Peratoner
- Laimburg Research Centre, Research Area Mountain Agriculture, Vadena/Pfatten, 39040 Ora/Auer (BZ), Italy
| | - B Valenti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (DSA3), University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Monteils
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - B Martin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - M Coppa
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR1213 Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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15
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Measurement of Antioxidant Capacity of Meat and Meat Products: Methods and Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133880. [PMID: 34202027 PMCID: PMC8271956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, a wide variety of analytical methods is available to measure antioxidant capacity. However, this great diversity is not reflected in the analysis of meat and meat products, as there are a limited number of studies on determining this parameter in this complex food matrix. Despite this, and due to the interest in antioxidants that prevent oxidation reactions, the identification of antioxidants in meat and meat products is of special importance to the meat industry. For this reason, this review compiled the main antioxidant capacity assays employed in meat and meat products, to date, describing their foundations, and showing both their advantages and limitations. This review also looked at the different applications of antioxidant properties in meat and meat products. In this sense, the suitability of using these methodologies has been demonstrated in different investigations related to these foods.
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16
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Ponnampalam EN, Sinclair AJ, Holman BWB. The Sources, Synthesis and Biological Actions of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids in Red Meat: An Overview. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061358. [PMID: 34208278 PMCID: PMC8230916 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The maximisation of available resources for animal production, food security and maintenance of human-animal wellbeing is important for an economically viable, resilient and sustainable future. Pasture and forage diets are common sources of short chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), while grain-based and feedlot diets are common sources of short chain omega-6 (n-6) PUFA. Animals deposit n-3 and n-6 PUFA as a result of their direct consumption, as feeds or by synthesis of longer chain PUFA from short chain FA precursors in the body via desaturation and elongation processes. Research conducted over the last three decades has determined that the consumption of n-3 PUFA can improve the health and wellbeing of humans through its biological, biochemical, pathological and pharmacological effects. n-6 PUFA also play an important role in human health, but when consumed at high levels, are potentially harmful. Research shows that current consumption of n-6 PUFA by the human population is high due to their meal choices and the supplied food types. If consumption of n-3 PUFA from land- and marine-based foods improves human health, it is likely that these same food types can improve the health and wellbeing of livestock (farm animals) by likewise enhancing the levels of the n-3 PUFA in their circulatory and tissue systems. Modern agricultural systems and advanced technologies have fostered large scale animal and crop production systems. These allow for the utilisation of plant concentrate-based diets to increase the rate of animal growth, often based on economics, and these diets are believed to contribute to unfavourable FA intakes. Knowledge of the risks associated with consuming foods that have greater concentration of n-6 PUFA may lead to health-conscious consumers avoiding or minimising their intake of animal- and plant-based foods. For this reason, there is scope to produce food from plant and animal origins that contain lesser amounts of n-6 PUFA and greater amounts of n-3 PUFA, the outcome of which could improve both animal and human health, wellbeing and resilience to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrew J. Sinclair
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Benjamin W. B. Holman
- Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia;
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17
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The quality and mineral composition of the longissimus lumborum and semimembranosus muscles from lambs fed perennial or annual wheat forage with or without lucerne. Meat Sci 2021; 180:108564. [PMID: 34058478 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the effect of a novel perennial wheat forage and a conventional annual wheat forage, fed to lambs with or without lucerne, on the quality and mineral profile of the longissimus lumborum and semimembranosus muscles. This involved 48 Poll Dorset × Merino ewe lambs, 12 per treatment, managed for 28 days within individual pens. Consumer sensory panel scores showed 'good eating quality' for all samples irrespective of diet, a conclusion supported by the shear force, cooking loss, particle size, and intramuscular fat results. Drip loss was affected by a significant interaction between diet and muscle. The ultimate pH of meat from lambs fed annual wheat was highest. Comparable colour stability and purge results suggested that diet did not impact on lamb retail-potential. Sodium, sulphur and zinc concentrations were higher in the meat from lambs fed annual wheat, compared to perennial wheat. Overall, these outcomes support the use of perennial wheat as a forage for lamb production.
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18
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Gonzales-Barron U, Santos-Rodrigues G, Piedra RB, Coelho-Fernandes S, Osoro K, Celaya R, Maurício RS, Pires J, Tolsdorf A, Geß A, Chiesa F, Pateiro M, Brugiapaglia A, Bodas R, Baratta M, Lorenzo JM, Cadavez VA. Quality attributes of lamb meat from European breeds: Effects of intrinsic properties and storage. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Wang B, Luo Y, Wang Y, Wang D, Hou Y, Yao D, Tian J, Jin Y. Rumen bacteria and meat fatty acid composition of Sunit sheep reared under different feeding regimens in China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1100-1110. [PMID: 32767556 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rumen bacteria play a critical role in feed degradation and productivity. This study evaluated the impact of feeding regimen on the rumen microbial populations and fatty acid composition of the meat of sheep. Twenty-four Sunit sheep were raised on a grass pasture from birth to 9 months of age, at which time they were randomly divided into two feeding groups: pasture feeding (PF) and barn feeding (BF). Sheep in the PF group were allowed to graze freely on wild grassland for 3 months. Sheep in the BF group were confined for 3 months to a dry barn, in which they roamed freely with corn straw and corn. RESULTS Sheep in the PF group had greater rumen bacteria diversity. The relative abundances of the genera Butyrivibrio_2, Saccharofermentans and Succiniclasticum were increased, and that of the genus RC9_gut_group was decreased, in the PF compared to the BF sheep. The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid contents were greater in meat from PF sheep than from BF sheep. In addition, the α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) contents were positively correlated with the abundance of Butyrivibrio_2. CONCLUSION Grazing may improve the diversity of rumen bacteria and increase the proportion of ALA and CLA in sheep meat. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Ordos City Food Inspection and Testing Center, Ordos, China
| | - Yulong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Debao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanru Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Duo Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jianjun Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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20
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Rodríguez R, Balocchi O, Alomar D, Morales R. Comparison of a Plantain-Chicory Mixture with a Grass Permanent Sward on the Live Weight Gain and Meat Quality of Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2275. [PMID: 33276554 PMCID: PMC7761527 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the predicted conditions of climate change, the productivity of temperate grasslands may be affected by drought stress, especially in spring and summer. In this scenario, water-deficit-tolerant species such as plantain and chicory are interesting alternatives for use in sheep production systems. In this study, we compared a mixture of plantain and chicory herbage (PCH) with a grass-based permanent sward (GBS) on the weight gain and meat quality of lambs finished on these grasslands. Fifteen weaned lambs (31.3 kg and 4 months of age) were assigned to each treatment for seven weeks in late spring and live weight gain (LWG), carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There was a tendency (p = 0.09) in final weight (40.3 ± 0.8 kg) and live weight gain (173 ± 10 g/d) to be higher in PCH compared to GBS. Carcass weight, dressing percentage and meat quality in terms of pH, color and tenderness did not differ (p > 0.05) and were considered to be of good quality. We concluded that both swards result in comparable lamb performance and good meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Rodríguez
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
- Instituto Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (O.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Oscar Balocchi
- Instituto Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (O.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Daniel Alomar
- Instituto Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5090000, Chile; (O.B.); (D.A.)
| | - Rodrigo Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue, Ruta 5 Norte km 8, P.O. Box 24–0, Osorno 5290000, Chile
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21
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Kalyesubula M, Mopuri R, Rosov A, Alon T, Edery N, Moallem U, Dvir H. Hyperglycemia-stimulating diet induces liver steatosis in sheep. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12189. [PMID: 32699301 PMCID: PMC7376193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is strongly associated with chronic liver disease and systemic metabolic disorder. Adipose lipolysis is a recognized principal source of intrahepatic fat in various metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We hypothesized that, in the premorbid state, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) driven by excess carbohydrates abundance might play a more significant role. We employed a novel nutritional model in sheep of two distinct carbohydrates abundances. During 4 months of the dietary treatment, lambs were monitored for metabolic and terminal liver parameters. Lambs grown on the high-calorie (HC) diet were consistently more hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic than lambs grown on the lower-calorie (LC) diet (P < 0.0001). As a result, the HC lambs developed systemic- (HOMA-IR of 7.3 vs. 3.1; P < 0.0001), and adipose- (ADIPO-IR of 342.7 vs. 74.4; P < 0.0001) insulin resistance, significant adiposity (P < 0.0001), and higher plasma triglycerides (P < 0.05). Circulating leukocytes in the HC lambs had higher mRNA expression levels of the proinflammatory markers CCL2 (P < 0.01) and TNF-alpha (P < 0.04), and IL1B trended higher (P < 0.1). Remarkably, lambs on the HC diet developed substantial liver steatosis (mean fat content of 8.1 vs. 5.3% in the LC group; P < 0.0001) with a higher histological steatosis score (2.1 vs. 0.4; P < 0.0002). Hepatic steatosis was most-strongly associated with blood glucose and insulin levels but negatively correlated with circulating fatty acids-indicating a more significant contribution from hepatic DNL than from adipose lipolysis. Sheep may prove an attractive large-animal model of fatty liver and metabolic comorbidities resulting from excess carbohydrate-based energy early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugagga Kalyesubula
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Animal Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ramgopal Mopuri
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Alexander Rosov
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Tamir Alon
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Animal Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nir Edery
- Pathology Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Veterinary Services, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Uzi Moallem
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Hay Dvir
- Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center - ARO, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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22
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Knight MI, Butler KL, Linden NP, Burnett VF, Ball AJ, McDonagh MB, Behrendt R. Understanding the impact of sire lean meat yield breeding value on carcass composition, meat quality, nutrient and mineral content of Australian lamb. Meat Sci 2020; 170:108236. [PMID: 32688223 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Advances in genomics and technology measuring body composition are now allowing sheep producers to select directly for increased lean meat yield (LMY) using Australian Sheep Breeding Values (ASBV). This experiment evaluated the impact of sire LMY ASBV on carcass composition, meat quality, nutrient and mineral content for lambs reared at pasture and finished in a feedlot. A 1% unit increase in sire LMY ASBV resulted in progeny that were leaner (0.8%) and had less fat (1.0%) on carcass. There was also a 0.2% reduction in the intramuscular fat content, a 3.2 N increase in meat toughness determined by shear force at day 5 ageing, a reduction in the redness of the fresh meat and a lower iron content. It is concluded that Australian sheep producers will need to incorporate ASBVs for other aspects of meat quality when selecting sires with increased LMY to avoid deterioration in meat quality, nutritional content of lamb and fresh meat colour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew I Knight
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia.
| | - Kym L Butler
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia
| | - Nick P Linden
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia
| | - Viv F Burnett
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia
| | - Alex J Ball
- Meat and Livestock Australia, Level 1, 40 Mount St, North Ryde, NSW 2060, Australia; Rural Analytics, 19 Eleanor Close, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Matthew B McDonagh
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia; Meat and Livestock Australia, Level 1, 40 Mount St, North Ryde, NSW 2060, Australia; The Australian Wagyu Association, 146 Marsh St, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - Ralph Behrendt
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, 915 Mt Napier Road, Hamilton, Victoria 3300, Australia
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23
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Jeong JY, Baek YC, Ji SY, Oh YK, Cho S, Seo HW, Kim M, Lee HJ. Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analysis and characteristics of beef in different fattening periods. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:321-333. [PMID: 32568257 PMCID: PMC7288232 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Beef quality is influenced by the fattening period. Therefore, meat metabolomics profiles from the different fattening periods (e.g., short-term vs. long-term) were analyzed for identify potential indicators using nuclear magnetic resonance. Additionally, blood, free fatty acid, sensory, and mineral compositions in Korean steers were determined. Blood, free fatty acid, and mineral concentrations showed significant differences between short-term and long-term groups that were fed different diets. However, there were no sensory differences in the two fattening groups. Additionally, the metabolic profiles of meats were clearly separated based on multivariate orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. Six metabolites of variable importance in the projection plot were identified and showed high sensitivity as candidate markers for meat characteristics. In particular, lactate, carnosine, and creatine could be directly linked to scientific indicators of the fattening stage (31 vs. 28 mo) of meat. Our findings suggest that the metabolomics approach could be a powerful method for the detection of novel signatures underlying the managing period of beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Jeong
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Youl-Chang Baek
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Ji
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Young Kyun Oh
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Soohyun Cho
- Animal Production Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Seo
- Animal Production Utilization Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Lee
- Animal Nutrition & Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea.,Division of Dairy Science, National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan 31000, Korea
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24
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Pewan SB, Otto JR, Huerlimann R, Budd AM, Mwangi FW, Edmunds RC, Holman BWB, Henry MLE, Kinobe RT, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO. Genetics of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism and Meat Eating Quality in Tattykeel Australian White Lambs. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E587. [PMID: 32466330 PMCID: PMC7288343 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat eating quality with a healthy composition hinges on intramuscular fat (IMF), fat melting point (FMP), tenderness, juiciness, flavour and omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) content. These health-beneficial n-3 LC-PUFA play significant roles in optimal cardiovascular, retinal, maternal and childhood brain functions, and include alpha linolenic (ALA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and docosapentaenoic (DPA) acids. The primary objective of this review was to access, retrieve, synthesise and critically appraise the published literature on the synthesis, metabolism and genetics of n-3 LC-PUFA and meat eating quality. Studies on IMF content, FMP and fatty acid composition were reviewed to identify knowledge gaps that can inform future research with Tattykeel Australian White (TAW) lambs. The TAW is a new sheep breed exclusive to MARGRA brand of lamb with an outstanding low fat melting point (28-39°C), high n-3 LC-PUFA EPA+DHA content (33-69mg/100g), marbling (3.4-8.2%), tenderness (20.0-38.5N) and overall consumer liking (7.9-8.5). However, correlations between n-3 LC-PUFA profile, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid synthase (FASN), other lipogenic genes and meat quality traits present major knowledge gaps. The review also identified research opportunities in nutrition-genetics interactions aimed at a greater understanding of the genetics of n-3 LC-PUFA, feedlot finishing performance, carcass traits and eating quality in the TAW sheep. It was concluded that studies on IMF, FMP and n-3 LC-PUFA profiles in parental and progeny generations of TAW sheep will be foundational for the genetic selection of healthy lamb eating qualities and provide useful insights into their correlations with SCD, FASN and FABP4 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shedrach Benjamin Pewan
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Private Mail Bag 01, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - John Roger Otto
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Roger Huerlimann
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (R.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Alyssa Maree Budd
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture and Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (R.H.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Felista Waithira Mwangi
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Richard Crawford Edmunds
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
| | | | - Michelle Lauren Elizabeth Henry
- Gundagai Meat Processors, 2916 Gocup Road, South Gundagai, New South Wales 2722, Australia;
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia;
| | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (F.W.M.); (R.C.E.); (R.T.K.)
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Rodríguez R, Alomar D, Morales R. Milk and meat fatty acids from sheep fed a plantain-chicory mixture or a grass-based permanent sward. Animal 2020; 14:1102-1109. [PMID: 31662130 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731119002611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plantain and chicory are interesting forage species since they present good nutritional quality and are more resistant to drought than many temperate grasses. The fatty acid (FA) profile in milk and meat is related to a growing concern for the consumption of healthy foods, that is, with a lower content of saturated FA, higher polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and a favourable n-6 : n-3 FAs ratio. Our objective was to evaluate the FA content in ewe's milk and lamb's meat fed a plantain-chicory mixture (PCH) or a grass-based permanent sward (GBS) dominated by perennial ryegrass. Eighteen Austral ewes in mid-lactation were allocated to PCH and GBS treatments. Milk samples were obtained during September (spring). Thirty weaned lambs were finished on both treatments from November to December (7 weeks), slaughtered and their meat sampled. Fat from milk and meat samples was extracted and stored until analysed by gas chromatography. Milk fat from GBS was higher than from PCH (P < 0.05) in C18:0 (11 385 v. 5874 mg/100 g FA), 9c-18:1 (15 750 v. 8565 mg/100 g FA), 11 t-18:1 (4576 v. 2703 mg/100 g FA) and 9c,11 t-18:2 (1405 v. 921 mg/100 g FA) and lower in 18:2n-6 (827 v. 1529 mg/100 g FA) and 18:3n-3 (943 v. 1318 mg/100 g FA) FA. Total mono-unsaturated FA was higher in GBS than PCH (P < 0.05). Meat fat from PCH swards presented a higher (P < 0.05) content than GBS for 18:2n-6 (46.8 v. 28.2 mg/100 g FA), linolenic (24.6 v. 14.2 mg/100 g FA), polyunsaturated FA (119.7 v. 73.4 mg/100 g FA), n-6 (65.9 v. 40.8 mg/100 g FA) and n-3 (53.8 v. 32.5 mg/100 g FA), respectively. No effect of treatment (P > 0.05) was detected for 9c-18:1 (283.9 v. 205.8 mg/100 g FA), 11 t-18:1 (26.2 v. 19.3 mg/100 g FA) and 9c,11 t-18:2 (10.1 v. 7.6 mg/100 g FA), for PCH and GBS. These results suggest that grazing a PCH mixture results in a higher concentration of PUFA in ewes' milk and in lambs' fat, as compared to a GBS sward.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - D Alomar
- Instituto Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia5090000, Chile
| | - R Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue, Ruta 5 Norte km 8, P.O. Box 24-0, Osorno, Chile
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Madruga MS, Kênia Alves Bezerra T, Conceição Dantas Guerra I, Batista ASM, Marcos de Azevedo Silva A, Fernandes RDPP. The effect of feed restriction on the fat profile of Santa Inês lamb meat. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.48229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers today are increasingly more demanding regarding their food, seeking healthier and better quality products, and in this context animal nutrition plays a key role. The meat composition can be altered by animal feed itself, being that lipid profile may directly contribute to consumer health, reducing the predisposition of developing cardiovascular diseases, main cause of mortality in the world. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary feed restriction in Santa Inês lambs on their intramuscular, intermuscular, and subcutaneous fat profile, fat profile of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle, and the total meat lipids and cholesterol. Three groups of lambs were subjected to diets: without restriction (WR), and 30 and 60% feed restriction. Overall, stearic, palmitic, and oleic acids were the predominant and the lowest lipid and cholesterol levels were observed at the highest restriction level, presenting higher polyunsaturated:saturated (PUFA:SFA) and desirable (DFA) fatty acid ratios (p < 0.05). Lambs subjected to 60% dietary feed restriction had a better quality meat with lower lipid and cholesterol contents, and profile favorable for human health due the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, that is important parameter the market demands to meet the consumers’ expectations.
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Fernandez-Turren G, Repetto JL, Arroyo JM, Pérez-Ruchel A, Cajarville C. Lamb Fattening Under Intensive Pasture-Based Systems: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E382. [PMID: 32120943 PMCID: PMC7143110 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of pasture-based systems on the fatty acid composition of sheep meat appear to be achievable despite variability in the quality of the pastures. Lambs fed high levels of temperate pastures have an excess of N-ammonia derived from protein degradation. Furthermore, animal performance is highly variable depending on the quality of the pasture at the time of grazing, and high animal performance in these systems appears to be linked to the use of high-quality pastures with high availability, and is possibly added to by the inclusion of concentrates that allow increasing energy intake and a better use of the N in the pasture. The combination of high-quality pastures and total mixed ration offers a good alternative to the inclusion of concentrates in the diet, improving the use of N, and avoiding acidosis problems. However, information to determine the effect of a number of nutritional strategies on meat quality, and the minimum level of pasture intake necessary to achieve the benefits of pastoral systems is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Fernandez-Turren
- Departamento de Producción Animal, IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 1 km 42,5 km, San José 80100, Uruguay; (J.L.R.); (J.M.A.); (A.P.-R.); (C.C.)
| | - José L. Repetto
- Departamento de Producción Animal, IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 1 km 42,5 km, San José 80100, Uruguay; (J.L.R.); (J.M.A.); (A.P.-R.); (C.C.)
| | - José M. Arroyo
- Departamento de Producción Animal, IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 1 km 42,5 km, San José 80100, Uruguay; (J.L.R.); (J.M.A.); (A.P.-R.); (C.C.)
- Programa Nacional de Investigación en Pasturas y Forrajes, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela 70002, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Analía Pérez-Ruchel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 1 km 42,5 km, San José 80100, Uruguay; (J.L.R.); (J.M.A.); (A.P.-R.); (C.C.)
| | - Cecilia Cajarville
- Departamento de Producción Animal, IPAV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Ruta 1 km 42,5 km, San José 80100, Uruguay; (J.L.R.); (J.M.A.); (A.P.-R.); (C.C.)
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Ayala-Monter MA, Hernández-Sánchez D, González-Muñoz S, Pinto-Ruiz R, Martínez-Aispuro JA, Torres-Salado N, Herrera-Pérez J, Gloria-Trujillo A. Growth performance and health of nursing lambs supplemented with inulin and Lactobacillus casei. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 32:1137-1144. [PMID: 30744342 PMCID: PMC6599960 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of Agave tequilana inulin and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) on growth performace, hematological variables, serum metabolites, and total coliforms in nursing lambs. METHODS The experimental design was completely randomized; treatments were T1, control (pre-starter concentrate, PC), T2: T1+2% inulin, and T3: T1+2% inulin+L. casei; treatments were compared with Tukey test (p≤0.05); and 45 new born Kathadin×Dorset lambs (4.8±0.8 kg birth weight) were the experimental units (15 per treatment). The variables were daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter intake and diarrheas incidence (%) during 56 d. Twenty-four hours after birth and at the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to evaluate hematological variables and serum metabolites. Besides, the populations of total coliforms and lactobacilli were estimated in fecal samples. RESULTS Addition of agave inulin and L. casei increased (p≤0.05) DWG 356, 384, and 415 g/d, weaning weight 24.92, 26.18, and 28.07 kg, as well as lactobacilli population 5.79, 6.32, and 6.48 Log10 cfu/g, for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Lambs fed L. casei had decreased (p≤0.05) populations of total coliforms (T1 = 6.18, T2 = 5.77, and T3 = 5.07 Log10 cfu/g), diarrheas incidence (T1 = 11.67%, T2 = 8.33%, and T3 = 5.0%), and serum cholesterol concentration (11% in T2 and 13% in T3, compared to control). CONCLUSION The combination of Agave tequilana inulin and L. casei increases weight gain and improves intestinal health by reducing coliforms and diarrheas incidence in Katahdin× Dorset lambs during the pre-weaning period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Ayala-Monter
- Program of Animal Science, Postgraduate College-Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico 56230,
Mexico
| | - David Hernández-Sánchez
- Program of Animal Science, Postgraduate College-Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico 56230,
Mexico
| | - Sergio González-Muñoz
- Program of Animal Science, Postgraduate College-Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico 56230,
Mexico
| | - René Pinto-Ruiz
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of Chiapas, Chiapas 30470,
Mexico
| | - José A Martínez-Aispuro
- Program of Animal Science, Postgraduate College-Campus Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico 56230,
Mexico
| | - Nicólas Torres-Salado
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine No. 2, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Guerrero 41940,
Mexico
| | - Jerónimo Herrera-Pérez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine No. 2, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Guerrero 41940,
Mexico
| | - Adrian Gloria-Trujillo
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Production, Autonomous Metropolitan University Xochimilco, Mexico City 04970,
Mexico
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Sabbioni A, Beretti V, Zambini EM, Superchi P, Ablondi M. Allometric coefficients for physical-chemical parameters of meat in a local sheep breed. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Livestock Performance for Sheep and Cattle Grazing Lowland Permanent Pasture: Benchmarking Potential of Forage-Based Systems. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the livestock performance and baseline productivity over a two-year period, following the establishment of the infrastructure on the North Wyke Farm Platform across its three farmlets (small farms). Lowland permanent pastures were continuously stocked with yearling beef cattle and ewes and their twin lambs for two years in three farmlets. The cattle came into the farmlets as suckler-reared weaned calves at 195 ± 32.6 days old weighing 309 ± 45.0 kg, were housed indoors for 170 days then turned out to graze weighing 391 ± 54.2 kg for 177 days. Therefore, it is suggested for predominantly grass-based systems with minimal supplementary feeding that target live weight gains should be 0.5 kg/day in the first winter, 0.9 kg/day for summer grazing and 0.8 kg/day for cattle housed and finished on silage in a second winter. The sheep performance suggested that lambs weaned at 100 days and weighing 35 kg should finish at 200 days weighing 44 to 45 kg live weight with a killing out percentage of 44%. Good levels of livestock production are possible with grass and forage-based systems using little or no additional supplementary concentrate feeds.
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31
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Jiménez LER, Naranjo A, Hernandez JCA, Ovalos JO, Ortega OC, Ronquillo MG. A meta-analysis on the effect of the feeding type and production system on the carcase quality of lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1532327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Esmeralda Robles Jiménez
- PhD Program in Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resourses, Autonomous University of Mexico State, Toluca, Mexico
- Department of Animal, Nutrition, Autonomous University of Mexico State, Toluca, Mexico
| | - Anna Naranjo
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Nutrition and Environment Modeling Applications Laboratory (ANEMAL), University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jorge Osorio Ovalos
- Department of Animal, Nutrition, Autonomous University of Mexico State, Toluca, Mexico
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Effect of Flax-Seed Enriched Concentrate Supplementation in Grazing Pramenka Breed Lamb’s Diet on Omental Fat Fatty Acids. ACTA VET-BEOGRAD 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/acve-2018-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This research is aimed at determining the impact of supplementing extensively reared lambs with a limited amount of flax seed enriched-concentrate on the fatty acid profile of the lamb meat (omental fat depot). A total of 96 60-day old Pramenka breed lambs (23.85±3.98 kg live body weight; 60±10 days of age; 42 males and 54 females) raised on pasture with their dams were randomly divided in three experimental groups: control (CON) or extensive rearing group, which did not receive any supplementary feed; concentrate (CC) group, receiving 300 g of a conventional commercial concentrate feed per animal daily, and concentrate-flax seed (CC-FS) group, receiving 300 g/day of the concentrate supplemented with 5% of flax seed. After 60 days of experimental period, 10 lambs were selected (5 males and 5 females) from each group and slaughtered. Omental fat samples were taken and analyzed to determine their fatty acid profile. Significant (P>0.05) differences in the fatty acid profile between CON and CC groups were small. However, enrichment of the concentrate with 5% flax seed increased the percentages of PUFA and n-3 PUFA when compared to both CON and CC groups and thus slightly improved the nutritional characteristics of the omental fat. The effect of sex on the fatty acid profile was only observed for C20:4 n-6 and C20:5 n-3 (P < 0.05).
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Le HV, Nguyen QV, Nguyen DV, Otto JR, Malau-Aduli BS, Nichols PD, Malau-Aduli AEO. Enhanced Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Contents in Muscle and Edible Organs of Australian Prime Lambs Grazing Lucerne and Cocksfoot Pastures. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1985. [PMID: 30558276 PMCID: PMC6316222 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The enhancement of health-beneficial omega-3 long⁻chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) contents in the muscle, liver, heart, and kidney of Australian prime lambs through pasture grazing and supplementation with oil infused pellets was investigated. Forty-eight first-cross prime lambs were randomly assigned into a split-plot design with pasture type as the main plot effect and pellet supplementation as a sub-plot effect in a feeding trial that lasted for nine weeks. The n-3 LC-PUFA content in Longissimus dorsi muscle of all lambs was well above the 30 mg threshold for "omega-3 source" nutrition claim under the Australian Food Standards and Guidelines. Pasture type impacted the fatty acid contents in muscle, heart, and kidney of prime lambs. Lambs grazing cocksfoot grass only had high 18:3n-3 (ALA) and n-3 LC-PUFA contents (67.1 mg/100 g and 55.2 mg/100 g, respectively) in the Longissimus dorsi muscle, which was not significantly different (p > 0.8990) from the contents of lambs grazing only lucerne. Supplementation of pellets with or without oil infusion to grazing lambs generally decreased the ALA and n-3 LC-PUFA contents and increased the n-6/n-3 ratio in the Longissimus dorsi muscle. The fatty acid content in the internal organs of grazing lambs was also affected by pellet supplementation. The liver and kidney of grazing lambs were both "good sources" (60 mg/100 g) of omega-3. The cocksfoot grass showed considerable potential for producing healthy, premium quality meat with high contents of n-3 and n-3 LC-PUFA, which may consequently enhance the omega-3 intake of Australian lamb consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung V Le
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- National Institute of Animal Science, Thuy Phuong, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 129909, Vietnam.
| | - Quang V Nguyen
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- College of Economics and Techniques, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen 252166, Vietnam.
| | - Don V Nguyen
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- National Institute of Animal Science, Thuy Phuong, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 129909, Vietnam.
| | - John R Otto
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
| | - Bunmi S Malau-Aduli
- Asia Pacific Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Organisation (APNNO), CSIRO Food & Nutrition, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
| | - Peter D Nichols
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, PO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
- Nutrition Society of Australia (NSA), Level 3, 33-35 Atchison Street, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.
- Australasian Section, American Oil Chemists Society (AAOCS), 2710 S. Boulder, Urbana, IL 61802-6996, USA.
| | - Aduli E O Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- Asia Pacific Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Organisation (APNNO), CSIRO Food & Nutrition, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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Effect of finishing diet and duration on the sensory quality and volatile profile of lamb meat. Food Res Int 2018; 115:54-64. [PMID: 30599976 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Animal production factors can affect the sensory quality of lamb meat. The study investigated the effect of diet composition and duration of consumption on the proximate analysis, volatile profile and sensory quality of lamb meat. Ninety-nine male Texel × Scottish Blackface lambs were raised at pasture for 10 months before being assigned in groups of 11 to one of the following treatments: 100% Silage (S) for 36 (S36), 54 (S54) or 72 (S72) days; 50% Silage - 50% Concentrate (SC) for 36 (SC36), 54 (SC54) or 72 (SC72) days; 100% Concentrate (C) for 36 (C36) or 54 (C54) or 72 (C72) days. A trained sensory panel found Intensity of Lamb Aroma, Dry Aftertaste and Astringent Aftertaste to be higher in meat from lambs on the concentrate diet. Discriminant analysis showed that the volatile profile enabled discrimination of lamb based on dietary treatment but the volatile differences were insufficient to impact highly on sensory quality. Muscle from animals in the S54 group had higher Manure/Faecal Aroma and Woolly Aroma than the SC54 and C54 groups, possibly related to higher levels of indole and skatole. Further research is required to establish if these small differences would influence consumer acceptability.
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Alfalfa but not milk in lamb's diet improves meat fatty acid profile and α-tocopherol content. Food Res Int 2018; 107:708-716. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Nguyen DV, Le VH, Nguyen QV, Malau-Aduli BS, Nichols PD, Malau-Aduli AEO. Omega-3 Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Heart, Kidney, Liver and Plasma Metabolite Profiles of Australian Prime Lambs Supplemented with Pelleted Canola and Flaxseed Oils. Nutrients 2017; 9:E893. [PMID: 28817082 PMCID: PMC5579686 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to ascertain whether human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain (≥C20) polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) content in heart, kidney and liver can be enhanced by supplementing prime lambs with graded levels of canola and flaxseed oil. Health status of the lambs, as a consequence of the supplementation, was also investigated by examining their plasma metabolites. Sixty purebred and first-cross lambs were allocated to one of five treatments of lucerne hay basal diet supplemented with isocaloric and isonitrogenous wheat-based pellets without oil inclusion (Control) or graded levels of canola oil at 2.5% (2.5C), 5% (5C), flaxseed oil at 2.5% (2.5F) and 5% (5F) in a completely randomised design. Pre-slaughter blood, post-slaughter kidney, liver and heart samples were analysed for plasma metabolite and fatty acid profiles. Summations of docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and total n-3 LC-PUFA were enhanced in the liver and kidney of 5F supplemented lambs with a marked decrease in n-6/n-3 ratio and significant breed differences detected. There were generally no deleterious impacts on animal health status. A combination of 5% oil supplementation and lamb genetics is an effective and strategic management tool for enhancing n-3 LC-PUFA contents of heart, kidney and liver without compromising lamb health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don V Nguyen
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- National Institute of Animal Science, Thuy Phuong, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 129909, Vietnam.
| | - Van H Le
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- National Institute of Animal Science, Thuy Phuong, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 129909, Vietnam.
| | - Quang V Nguyen
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- College of Economics and Techniques, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen 252166, Vietnam.
| | - Bunmi S Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
| | - Peter D Nichols
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, P.O. Box 1538, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
| | - Aduli E O Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
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Chikwanha OC, Vahmani P, Muchenje V, Dugan MER, Mapiye C. Nutritional enhancement of sheep meat fatty acid profile for human health and wellbeing. Food Res Int 2017; 104:25-38. [PMID: 29433780 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids (FA) consumed by sheep, like other ruminants, can undergo biohydrogenation resulting in high proportions of saturated FA (SFA) in meat. Biohydrogenation is typically less extensive in sheep than cattle, and consequently, sheep meat can contain higher proportions of omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), and PUFA biohydrogenation intermediates (PUFA-BHI) including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-monounsaturated FAs (t-MUFA). Sheep meat is also noted for having characteristically higher contents of branched chain FA (BCFA). From a human health and wellness perspective, some SFA and trans-MUFA have been found to negatively affect blood lipid profiles, and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). On the other hand, n-3 PUFA, BCFA and some PUFA-BHI may have many potential beneficial effects on human health and wellbeing. In particular, vaccenic acid (VA), rumenic acid (RA) and BCFA may have potential for protecting against cancer and inflammatory disorders among other human health benefits. Several innovative strategies have been evaluated for their potential to enrich sheep meat with FA which may have human health benefits. To this end, dietary manipulation has been found to be the most effective strategy of improving the FA profile of sheep meat. However, there is a missing link between the FA profile of sheep meat, human consumption patterns of sheep FA and chronic diseases. The current review provides an overview of the nutritional strategies used to enhance the FA profile of sheep meat for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obert C Chikwanha
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Payam Vahmani
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Voster Muchenje
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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