1
|
Mrozińska Z, Kaczmarek A, Świerczyńska M, Juszczak M, Kudzin MH. Biochemical Behavior, Influence on Cell DNA Condition, and Microbiological Properties of Wool and Wool-Copper Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2878. [PMID: 38930247 PMCID: PMC11204859 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The paper presents the study concerning the preparation and physio-chemical and biological properties of wool-copper (WO-Cu) materials obtained by the sputter deposition of copper onto the wool fibers. The WO-Cu material was subjected to physio-chemical and biological investigations. The physio-chemical investigations included the elemental analysis of materials (C, N, O, S, and Cu), their microscopic analysis, and surface properties analysis (specific surface area and total pore volume). The biological investigations consisted of the antimicrobial activity tests of the WO-Cu materials against colonies of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria, Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, and fungal mold species (Chaetomium globosum). Biochemical-hematological tests included the evaluation of the activated partial thromboplastin time and pro-thrombin time. The tested wool-copper demonstrated the ability to interact with the DNA in a time-dependent manner. These interactions led to the DNA's breaking and degradation. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the WO-Cu materials suggest a potential application as an antibacterial/antifungal material. Wool-copper materials may be also used as customized materials where the blood coagulation process could be well controlled through the appropriate copper content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdzisława Mrozińska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Anna Kaczmarek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (M.J.)
| | - Małgorzata Świerczyńska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (M.J.)
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Juszczak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (M.J.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin H. Kudzin
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Lodz Institute of Technology, 19/27 Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Str., 90-570 Lodz, Poland; (Z.M.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tummino ML, Cruz-Maya I, Varesano A, Vineis C, Guarino V. Keratin/Copper Complex Electrospun Nanofibers for Antibacterial Treatments: Property Investigation and In Vitro Response. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2435. [PMID: 38793501 PMCID: PMC11123490 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The frontiers of antibacterial materials in the biomedical field are constantly evolving since infectious diseases are a continuous threat to human health. In this work, waste-wool-derived keratin electrospun nanofibers were blended with copper by an optimized impregnation procedure to fabricate antibacterial membranes with intrinsic biological activity, excellent degradability and good cytocompatibility. The keratin/copper complex electrospun nanofibers were multi-analytically characterized and the main differences in their physical-chemical features were related to the crosslinking effect caused by Cu2+. Indeed, copper ions modified the thermal profiles, improving the thermal stability (evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry), and changed the infrared vibrational features (determined by infrared spectroscopy) and the chemical composition (studied by an X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy probe and optical emission spectrometry). The copper impregnation process also affected the morphology, leading to partial nanofiber swelling, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy analyses. Then, the membranes were successfully tested as antibacterial materials against gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli. Regarding cytocompatibility, in vitro assays performed with L929 cells showed good levels of cell adhesion and proliferation (XTT assay), and no significant cytotoxic effect, in comparison to bare keratin nanofibers. Given these results, the material described in this work can be suitable for use as antibiotic-free fibers for skin wound dressing or membranes for guided tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Tummino
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, V. le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy (V.G.)
| | - Alessio Varesano
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Claudia Vineis
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing (STIIMA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Corso Giuseppe Pella 16, 13900 Biella, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad. 20, V. le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Napoli, Italy (V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Braniša J, Koóšová K, Porubská M. Selective Modifications of Sheep Wool Usable in Non-Textile Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1380. [PMID: 38794573 PMCID: PMC11125863 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The traditional textile use of wool as a valuable renewable material needs alternative applications in order to, besides sheep milk and meat, valorize currently unnecessary wool. Each type of product containing sheep wool requires wool with customized properties. Finding suitable physical and chemical modifications needed to develop new products while minimizing harmful side effects is a challenge for scientists. The presented review provides a brief overview of works published over the last decade associated with innovative wool scouring, dyeing, antifelting, and modification of its structure without the ambition to present complete, detailed data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mária Porubská
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.B.); (K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patil ND, Bains A, Sridhar K, Bhaswant M, Kaur S, Tripathi M, Lanterbecq D, Chawla P, Sharma M. Extraction, Modification, Biofunctionality, and Food Applications of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Protein: An Up-to-Date Review. Foods 2024; 13:1398. [PMID: 38731769 PMCID: PMC11083271 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based proteins have gained popularity in the food industry as a good protein source. Among these, chickpea protein has gained significant attention in recent times due to its high yields, high nutritional content, and health benefits. With an abundance of essential amino acids, particularly lysine, and a highly digestible indispensable amino acid score of 76 (DIAAS), chickpea protein is considered a substitute for animal proteins. However, the application of chickpea protein in food products is limited due to its poor functional properties, such as solubility, water-holding capacity, and emulsifying and gelling properties. To overcome these limitations, various modification methods, including physical, biological, chemical, and a combination of these, have been applied to enhance the functional properties of chickpea protein and expand its applications in healthy food products. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively examine recent advances in Cicer arietinum (chickpea) protein extraction techniques, characterizing its properties, exploring post-modification strategies, and assessing its diverse applications in the food industry. Moreover, we reviewed the nutritional benefits and sustainability implications, along with addressing regulatory considerations. This review intends to provide insights into maximizing the potential of Cicer arietinum protein in diverse applications while ensuring sustainability and compliance with regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Dnyaneshwar Patil
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (N.D.P.)
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Deemed to be University, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Maharshi Bhaswant
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 9808579, Japan
- Center for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | - Sawinder Kaur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (N.D.P.)
| | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224001, India
| | | | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (N.D.P.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alghamdi AS, Hine PJ, Ries ME. Time-Temperature Superposition of the Dissolution of Wool Yarns in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:244. [PMID: 38204097 PMCID: PMC10779772 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The dissolution of wool yarns in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate [C2mim][OAc] has been investigated. Wool yarns were submerged into [C2mim][OAc] and dissolved for various times and temperatures before coagulating with water. Optical microscopy was used to track the yarn's cross-sectional area. We propose that there are two competing dissolution processes, one rate-limited by disulfide bonds at low temperatures (LTs), and a second by hydrogen bonds at high temperatures (HTs), with a crossover point between the two regimes at 70 ℃. The corresponding activation energies were ELT = 127 ± 9 kJ/mol and EHT = 34 ± 1 kJ/mol. The remaining area of the dissolved wool yarn could be shifted via time-temperature superposition to plot a single master curve of area against time for both regions. Finally, the dissolution could be modelled by a diffusion process, giving self-diffusion coefficients for the [C2mim][OAc] ions (0.64-15.31 × 10-13 m2/s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Safar Alghamdi
- Soft Matter Physics Research Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.S.A.); (P.J.H.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter John Hine
- Soft Matter Physics Research Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.S.A.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Michael Edward Ries
- Soft Matter Physics Research Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.S.A.); (P.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mouro C, Gomes AP, Costa RV, Moghtader F, Gouveia IC. The Sustainable Bioactive Dyeing of Textiles: A Novel Strategy Using Bacterial Pigments, Natural Antibacterial Ingredients, and Deep Eutectic Solvents. Gels 2023; 9:800. [PMID: 37888373 PMCID: PMC10606059 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The textile industry stands as a prominent contributor to global environmental pollution, primarily attributable to its extensive reliance on synthetic dyes, hazardous components, and solvents throughout the textile dyeing and treatment processes. Consequently, the pursuit of sustainable textile solutions becomes imperative, aimed at replacing these environmentally unfriendly constituents with biobased and bioactive pigments, antibacterial agents, and, notably, natural solvents. Achieving this goal is a formidable yet indispensable challenge. In this study, the dyeing ability of the crude gel prodigiosin, produced by non-pathogenic bacteria Serratia plymuthica, was investigated on various multifiber fabrics at different conditions (temperature and pH) and by using salts and alternative mordants (the conventional Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO4) and a new bio-mordant, L-Cysteine (L-Cys)). Additionally, a novel gel-based Choline chloride (ChCl)/Lactic acid (LA) (1:2) deep eutectic solvent (DES) dyeing medium was studied to replace the organic solvents. Nylon fabrics dyed with 3.0% over the weight of the fiber (owf) L-Cys at pH = 8.3 had improved color fastness to washing, while the gel-based ChCl/LA (1:2) DES dyebath provided a better color fastness to light. Moreover, nylon fabrics under these conditions exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). In conclusion, the utilization of the crude gel-based prodigiosin pigment demonstrates a distinct advantage in dyeing textile materials, aligning with the growing consumer demand for more eco-friendly and sustainable products. Additionally, the application of the natural reducing agent L-Cys, previously untested as a bio-mordant, in conjunction with the use of gel-based DES as a dyeing medium, has showcased improved colorimetric and antibacterial properties when applied to nylon that is dyed with the crude gel prodigiosin pigment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Isabel C. Gouveia
- FibEnTech Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6200-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (C.M.); (R.V.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu X, Wang Z, Li M, Su Y, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Hu J. Reconstructed Hierarchically Structured Keratin Fibers with Shape-Memory Features Based on Reversible Secondary-Structure Transformation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304725. [PMID: 37417728 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible and biodegradable shape-memory polymers have gained popularity as smart materials, offering a wide range of applications and environmental benefits. Herein, the possibility of fabricating regenerated water-triggered shape-memory keratin fibers from wool and cellulose in a more effective and environmentally friendly manner is investigated. The regenerated keratin fibers exhibit comparable shape-memory performance to other hydration-responsive materials, with a shape-fixity ratio of 94.8 ± 2.15% and a shape-recovery rate of 81.4 ± 3.84%. Owing to their well-preserved secondary structure and cross-linking network, keratin fibers exhibit outstanding water-stability and wet stretchability, with a maximum tensile strain of 362 ± 15.9%. In this system, the reconfiguration of the protein secondary structure between α-helix and β-sheet is investigated as the fundamental actuation mechanism in response to hydration. This responsiveness is studied under force loading and unloading along the fiber axis. Hydrogen bonds act as the "switches" clicked by water molecules to trigger the shape-memory effect, while disulfide bonds and cellulose nanocrystals play the role of "net-points" to maintain the permanent shape of the material. Water-triggered shape-memory keratin fibers are manipulable and exhibit potential in the fabrication of textile actuators, which may be applied in smart apparel and programmable biomedical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yupei Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mouro C, Martins R, Gomes AP, Gouveia IC. Upcycling Wool Waste into Keratin Gel-Based Nanofibers Using Deep Eutectic Solvents. Gels 2023; 9:661. [PMID: 37623117 PMCID: PMC10453718 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of tons of wool waste are produced yearly by textile industries, which may become a serious environmental hazard in the near future. Given this concern, it is crucial to explore strategies to reduce the amount of wool waste generated worldwide and adopt more sustainable practices for dissolving and regenerating wool keratin (WK) from textile waste. Most traditional methods involve the use of expensive, toxic, harmful, and poorly biodegradable compounds. To overcome these limitations and facilitate the reuse of wool waste through a cascade valorization strategy, researchers have started testing the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) as a more sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for WK dissolution and regeneration. In this study, the potential of two different DES mixtures, Choline chloride (ChCl): Urea and L-Cysteine (L-Cys): Lactic acid (LA), was explored for dissolving wool waste. Subsequently, the gels obtained based on DES-WK were blended with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in different ratios to produce nanofibers using the electrospinning technique. The PVA/L-Cys: LA DES-WK proved to be the most effective DES mixture for fabricating WK gel-based nanofibers. Furthermore, their antioxidant and antimicrobial abilities were evaluated, thus confirming their bioactivity. The results obtained revealed that this approach to valorizing textile waste offers a unique avenue for the development of sustainable functional materials with potential applications in various biomedical and industrial fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel C. Gouveia
- FibEnTech Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, University of Beira Interior, 6200-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|