1
|
Ijaz F, Sameeullah M, Farid A, Malik MS, Batool N, Mirza B, Timko MP, Liu H, Lössl AG, Waheed MT. In silico designing and characterization of outer membrane protein (OmpC) gene from Salmonella enterica and its expression in Nicotiana tabacum for developing a plant-based vaccine against salmonellosis. Microb Pathog 2024; 199:107225. [PMID: 39675439 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella, a gram-negative bacteria, is the leading cause of foodborne illness globally. Two serovars of Salmonella, S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium are responsible for the majority of human salmonellosis. Prolonged salmonellosis caused by Salmonella species leads to the development of colon cancer, which is 3rd most common cancer in the world. Porins in the outer membrane of Salmonella can be used to elicit immune response. The production of plant-based vaccine against salmonellosis and the subsequent colon cancer using outer membrane proteins can be helpful for the people of developing countries. In this study, OmpC protein from Salmonella enteritidis was subjected to various bioinformatics tools which exhibited OmpC vaccine construct to be sufficiently immunogenic, non-allergenic, non-toxic and non-homologous to human proteins. Docking analysis showed strong interaction of OmpC vaccine model with TLR-4. After in silico analysis, this vaccine construct was expressed in tobacco plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Gateway® cloning was used to clone OmpC gene. Transformation and integration of transgene within tobacco plants was confirmed through conventional PCR. qRT-PCR was done for expression analysis and copy number calculated was 2. The expressed OmpC protein accumulated up to 0.42 % of total soluble protein. Immunization of mice with total soluble protein (TSP) and purified OmpC protein generated significant level of anti-OmpC antibodies. The vaccine candidate also demonstrated significant protective effect in mice upon challenging with Salmonella typhimurium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the expression of OmpC antigen in plants for potential use as vaccine against salmonellosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ijaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sameeullah
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Golkoy Campus, Bolu, Turkey; Centre for Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, 14030, Türkiye
| | | | - Muhammad Suleman Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Neelam Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Michael P Timko
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Virginia, USA
| | - Hai Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Tahir Waheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Burkhard R, Koegler M, Brown K, Wilson K, Mager LF, Zucoloto AZ, Thomson C, Hebbandi Nanjundappa R, Skalosky I, Ahmadi S, McDonald B, Geuking MB. Intestinal colonization regulates systemic anti-commensal immune sensitivity and hyperreactivity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1030395. [PMID: 37283756 PMCID: PMC10239946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy host-microbial mutualism with our intestinal microbiota relies to a large degree on compartmentalization and careful regulation of adaptive mucosal and systemic anti-microbial immune responses. However, commensal intestinal bacteria are never exclusively or permanently restricted to the intestinal lumen and regularly reach the systemic circulation. This results in various degrees of commensal bacteremia that needs to be appropriately dealt with by the systemic immune system. While most intestinal commensal bacteria, except for pathobionts or opportunistic pathogen, have evolved to be non-pathogenic, this does not mean that they are non-immunogenic. Mucosal immune adaptation is carefully controlled and regulated to avoid an inflammatory response, but the systemic immune system usually responds differently and more vigorously to systemic bacteremia. Here we show that germ-free mice have increased systemic immune sensitivity and display anti-commensal hyperreactivity in response to the addition of a single defined T helper cell epitope to the outer membrane porin C (OmpC) of a commensal Escherichia coli strain demonstrated by increased E. coli-specific T cell-dependent IgG responses following systemic priming. This increased systemic immune sensitivity was not observed in mice colonized with a defined microbiota at birth indicating that intestinal commensal colonization also regulates systemic, and not only mucosal, anti-commensal responses. The observed increased immunogenicity of the E. coli strain with the modified OmpC protein was not due to a loss of function and associated metabolic changes as a control E. coli strain without OmpC did not display increased immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regula Burkhard
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mia Koegler
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsty Brown
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten Wilson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lukas F. Mager
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amanda Z. Zucoloto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carolyn Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Roopa Hebbandi Nanjundappa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Isla Skalosky
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shokouh Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braedon McDonald
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Immunology Research Group, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Markus B. Geuking
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Immunology Research Group, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumari K, Sharma PK, Aggarwal Y, Singh RP. Secretome analysis of an environmental isolate Enterobacter sp. S-33 identifies proteins related to pathogenicity. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:662. [PMID: 36198868 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enterobacter species are responsible for causing infections of the lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, meninges, etc. Proteins secreted by these species may act as determinants of host-pathogen interaction and play a role in virulence. Among the secreted proteins, the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) acts as a molecular nanomachine to deliver many effector proteins directly into prey cells in a contact-dependent manner. The secreted proteins may provide an idea for the interaction of bacteria to their environment and an understanding of the role of these proteins for their role in bacterial physiology and behaviour. Therefore, aim of this study was to characterize the secreted proteins in the culture supernatant by a T6SS bacterium Enterobacter sp. S-33 using nano-LC-MS/MS tool. Using a combined mass spectrometry and bioinformatics approach, we identified a total of 736 proteins in the secretome. Bioinformatics analysis predicting subcellular localization identified 110 of the secreted proteins possessed signal sequences. By gene ontology analysis, more than 80 proteins of the secretome were classified into biological or molecular functions. More than 20 percent of secretome proteins were virulence proteins including T6SS proteins, proteins involved in adherence and fimbriae formation, molecular chaperones, outer membrane proteins, serine proteases, antimicrobial, biofilm, exotoxins, etc. In summary, the results of the present study of the S-33 secretome provide a basis for understanding the possible pathogenic mechanisms and future investigation by detailed experimental approach will provide a confirmation of secreted virulence proteins in the exact role of virulence using the in vivo model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumari
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Parva Kumar Sharma
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD-20742, USA
| | - Yogender Aggarwal
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Rajnish Prakash Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Quiroga J, Vidal S, Siel D, Caruffo M, Valdés A, Cabrera G, Lapierre L, Sáenz L. Novel Proteoliposome-Based Vaccine against E. coli: A Potential New Tool for the Control of Bovine Mastitis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192533. [PMID: 36230275 PMCID: PMC9558995 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mastitis is a highly prevalent disease in dairy cattle, affecting animal welfare and generating economic losses for the dairy industry. Control measures for coliform mastitis are limited, due to the constant exposure of the teat to bacteria and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, making vaccination an important strategy for control of mastitis. However, currently available vaccines show limited efficacy, which could be attributed to inactivation processes that alter the antigenic preservation of the vaccines. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel vaccine against mastitis using proteoliposomes obtained from E. coli in a murine model of coliform mastitis. We demonstrated that the proteoliposome vaccine was safe, immunogenic and effective against an experimental model of E. coli mastitis, decreasing bacterial count and tissue damage. This proteoliposome vaccine is a potential new tool for prevention of mastitis. Abstract Escherichia coli is an important causative agent of clinical mastitis in cattle. Current available vaccines have shown limited protection. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes derived from an E. coli field strain. Female BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with two doses of the vaccine, 3 weeks apart. Between days 5 and 8 after the first inoculation, the females were mated. At 5–8 days postpartum, the mice were intramammary challenged with the same E. coli strain. Two days after bacterial infection, mice were euthanized, and the mammary glands were examined and removed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the vaccine as well as the immune response generated by the new formulation. The vaccinated mice showed mild clinical symptoms and a lower mammary bacterial load as compared to non-vaccinated animals. The vaccination induced an increase in levels of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a against E. coli in blood and mammary glands that showed less inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage, as compared to the control group. In summary, the vaccine based on bacterial proteoliposomes is safe, immunogenic, and effective against E. coli, constituting a new potential tool for mastitis control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Quiroga
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Sonia Vidal
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Daniela Siel
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Mario Caruffo
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile
| | - Andrea Valdés
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Cabrera
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Lissette Lapierre
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (L.S.); Tel.: +56-9229-785689 (L.S.)
| | - Leonardo Sáenz
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (L.S.); Tel.: +56-9229-785689 (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiao X, Lu H, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Huo X, Yang C, Xiao S, Zhang Y, Su J. A Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Derived from Bony Fish IFN1 Exerts Potent Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Mammals. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0201321. [PMID: 35289673 PMCID: PMC9045357 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02013-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are critical antiviral cytokine in innate immunity but with limited direct defense ability against bacterial infections in mammals. In bony fish, despite all the IFN-Is (IFN1-4) act in antiviral immunity, studies demonstrate that IFN1 can remarkably contribute to host defense against bacterial infections. In this study, we found that IFN1 from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) contains an unusual cationic and amphipathic α-helical region (named as gcIFN-20, sequence: SYEKKINRHFKILKKNLKKK). The synthesized peptide gcIFN-20 could form α-helical structure in a membrane environment and exerts potent antimicrobial activity against multiple species of Gram-negative (G-) and Gram-positive (G+) bacteria with negligible toxicity. Mechanism studies showed gcIFN-20 kills G+ bacteria through membrane disruption and cytoplasm outflow while G- bacteria through membrane permeation and protein synthesis inhibition. In two mouse bacterial infection models, gcIFN-20 therapy could significantly reduce tissue bacterial loads and mortalities. In addition to the direct antibacterial activity, we also found that gcIFN-20 could significantly suppress the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo, obviously alleviated lung lesions in a mouse endotoxemia model. The mechanism is that gcIFN-20 interacts with LPS, causes LPS aggregation and neutralization. The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities in vivo of gcIFN-20 in mammalian models suggested a promising agent for developing peptide-based antibacterial therapy. IMPORTANCE Type I interferons play crucial role in antiviral immunity in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The powerful antimicrobial activity is recently reported in nonmammalian vertebrates. The present study identified a novel antimicrobial peptide (gcIFN-20) derived from grass carp interferon 1, found gcIFN-20 exhibits forceful bactericidal and anti-inflammatory activity in mammals, and efficient therapeutic effect against two clinical severe extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli and a mouse endotoxemia models. The antimicrobial mechanisms are membrane disruption and cytoplasm overflow for Gram-positive bacteria, while membrane permeation and protein synthesis inhibition for Gram-negative bacteria. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms can be aggregating and neutralizing lipopolysaccharide to attenuate the binding with receptors and facilitate phagocytosis. The results indicate that gcIFN-20 can be a promising novel therapeutic agent for bacterial diseases and inflammatory disorders, especially as a potential weapon for multidrug resistant strain infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xiao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingchen Huo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu G, Chen X, Chu W, Ma Z, Miao Y, Luo X, Fu Y. Immunogenic characteristics of the outer membrane phosphoporin as a vaccine candidate against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Vet Res 2022; 53:5. [PMID: 35063026 PMCID: PMC8781355 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) has caused disease outbreaks in different animals, resulting in serious economic losses and biosafety concerns. Considering the broad antibiotic resistance of KP, vaccines are the most effective tools against infection. However, there is still no KP vaccine available in the veterinary field. Our results indicate that the highly conserved outer membrane phosphoporin (PhoE) of KP is immunogenic in mice and elicits high titers of antibodies that were shown to be specific for PhoE by immunoblotting. Immunization with PhoE also induced robust cell-mediated immunity and elicited the secretion of high levels of IFN-γ and IL-4, suggesting the induction of mixed Th1 and Th2 responses. Sera from PhoE-immunized mice induced significantly higher complement-mediated lysis of KP cells than did sera from the PBS control mice. Finally, mice immunized with PhoE were significantly protected against KP challenge, with better survival and a reduced visceral bacterial load. Our data underscore the great potential of PhoE as a novel candidate antigen for a vaccine against KP infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhe Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingjie Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqian Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomass Resources, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mashat BH, Awad MM, Amin AH, Osman YAM. Sensitivity and Reliability of Two Antibodies in Detecting E. coli in Meat and Water. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/dhyfesoys8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
8
|
Sharma A, Yadav SP, Sarma D, Mukhopadhaya A. Modulation of host cellular responses by gram-negative bacterial porins. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 128:35-77. [PMID: 35034723 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The outer membrane of a gram-negative bacteria encapsulates the plasma membrane thereby protecting it from the harsh external environment. This membrane acts as a sieving barrier due to the presence of special membrane-spanning proteins called "porins." These porins are β-barrel channel proteins that allow the passive transport of hydrophilic molecules and are impermeable to large and charged molecules. Many porins form trimers in the outer membrane. They are abundantly present on the bacterial surface and therefore play various significant roles in the host-bacteria interactions. These include the roles of porins in the adhesion and virulence mechanisms necessary for the pathogenesis, along with providing resistance to the bacteria against the antimicrobial substances. They also act as the receptors for phage and complement proteins and are involved in modulating the host cellular responses. In addition, the potential use of porins as adjuvants, vaccine candidates, therapeutic targets, and biomarkers is now being exploited. In this review, we focus briefly on the structure of the porins along with their important functions and roles in the host-bacteria interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shashi Prakash Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Dwipjyoti Sarma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Arunika Mukhopadhaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Diversification of OmpA and OmpF of Yersinia ruckeri is independent of the underlying species phylogeny and evidence of virulence-related selection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3493. [PMID: 33568758 PMCID: PMC7876001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia ruckeri is the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease (ERM) which causes economically significant losses in farmed salmonids, especially Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum). However, very little is known about the genetic relationships of disease-causing isolates in these two host species or about factors responsible for disease. Phylogenetic analyses of 16 representative isolates based on the nucleotide sequences of 19 housekeeping genes suggests that pathogenic Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout isolates represent distinct host-specific lineages. However, the apparent phylogenies of certain isolates has been influenced by horizontal gene transfer and recombinational exchange. Splits decomposition analysis demonstrated a net-like phylogeny based on the housekeeping genes, characteristic of recombination. Comparative analysis of the distribution of individual housekeeping gene alleles across the isolates demonstrated evidence of genomic mosaicism and recombinational exchange involving certain Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout isolates. Comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the key outer membrane protein genes ompA and ompF revealed that the corresponding gene trees were both non-congruent with respect to the housekeeping gene phylogenies providing evidence that horizontal gene transfer has influenced the evolution of both these surface protein-encoding genes. Analysis of inferred amino acid sequence variation in OmpA identified a single variant, OmpA.1, that was present in serotype O1 and O8 isolates representing typical pathogenic strains in rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon, respectively. In particular, the sequence of surface-exposed loop 3 differed by seven amino acids to that of other Y. ruckeri isolates. These findings suggest that positive selection has likely influenced the presence of OmpA.1 in these isolates and that loop 3 may play an important role in virulence. Amino acid sequence variation of OmpF was greater than that of OmpA and was similarly restricted mainly to the surface-exposed loops. Two OmpF variants, OmpF.1 and OmpF.2, were associated with pathogenic rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon isolates, respectively. These OmpF proteins had very similar amino acid sequences suggesting that positive evolutionary pressure has also favoured the selection of these variants in pathogenic strains infecting both species.
Collapse
|
10
|
Padh H, Yagnik B, Sharma D, Desai P. EpiMix Based Novel Vaccine Candidate for Shigella: Evidence of Prophylactic Immunity in Balb/c Mice. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 27:1095-1110. [PMID: 33551691 PMCID: PMC7846920 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistant Shigella is one of the leading causes of mortality in children and infants. Availability of vaccine could prevent the Shigella infection and reduce the mortality. Conventional approaches of vaccine development against shigellosis have not resulted in desirable vaccine. As shigellosis may be caused by multiple strains and serotypes, there is a need to develop a multivalent vaccine, capable of providing protection against multiple Shigella strains. To develop broad spectrum vaccine, we had previously derived a pool of conserved epitopes against Shigella by using multiple immunoinformatic tools. In this study, the identified conserved epitopes derived from the Outer Membrane Proteins A and C of Shigella were chemically synthesized, and the EpiMix made up of 5 epitopes coupled to a carrier protein, ovalbumin was developed and validated for its immunogenicity. The intramuscular immunization with EpiMix in Balb/c mice led to increase in EpiMix specific serum IgG, and significant increase in fecal IgA as well as in IL-4, IL-2and IFN-γ levels. Further, the EpiMix immunized mice showed protection when challenged against S. flexneri ATCC 12022 using the intraperitoneal route. Moreover, the analysis of cytokine profile and IFN-γ/IL4 ratio in post Shigella challenge immunized mice suggested the high levels of IFN-γ levels and possible dominance of Th1 response, playing pivotal role in the elimination of Shigella. Collectively, the results demonstrate the immunogenic potential and protective efficacy of the EpiMix in the murine shigellosis model. However, the detailed study and further optimisation of epitopes would substantiate the prospective use of EpiMix as a prophylactic candidate for vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Padh
- Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Bhrugu Yagnik
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380054 India
- BRD School of Bioscience, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Drashya Sharma
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380054 India
- BRD School of Bioscience, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Priti Desai
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380054 India
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research (IAR), Institutional Area, Koba, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426 India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu R, Li J, Zhao Y, Lin H, Liang L, Wang M, Liu H, Min Y, Gao Y, Yang M. Exploiting bacterial outer membrane vesicles as a cross-protective vaccine candidate against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:119. [PMID: 32493405 PMCID: PMC7268718 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01372-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The well-known fact that avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is harder to prevent due to its numerous serogroups has promoted the development of biological immunostimulatory materials as new vaccine candidates in poultry farms. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), known as spherical nanovesicles enriched with various immunostimulants, are naturally secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, and have gained much attention for developing effective vaccine candidates. Recent report has demonstrated that OMVs of APEC O78 can induce protective immunity in chickens. Here, a novel multi-serogroup OMVs (MOMVs) vaccine was developed to achieve cross-protection against APEC infection in broiler chickens. Results In this study, OMVs produced by three APEC strains were isolated, purified and prepared into MOMVs by mixing these three OMVs. By using SDS-PAGE and LC–MS/MS, 159 proteins were identified in MOMVs and the subcellular location and biological functions of 20 most abundant proteins were analyzed. The immunogenicity of MOMVs was evaluated, and the results showed that MOMVs could elicit innate immune responses, including internalization by chicken macrophage and production of immunomodulatory cytokines. Vaccination with MOMVs induced specific broad-spectrum antibodies as well as Th1 and Th17 immune responses. The animal experiment has confirmed that immunization with an appropriate dose of MOMVs could not cause any adverse effect and was able to reduce bacteria loads and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, thus providing effective cross-protection against lethal infections induced by multi-serogroup APEC strains in chickens. Further experiments indicated that, although vesicular proteins were able to induce stronger protective efficiency than lipopolysaccharide, both vesicular proteins and lipopolysaccharide are crucial in MOMVs-mediated protection. Conclusions The multi-serogroup nanovesicles produced by APEC strains will open up a new way for the development of next generation vaccines with low toxicity and broad protection in the treatment and control of APEC infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rujiu Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Animal Engineering, Yangling Vocation and Technical College, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuezhen Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mimi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haojing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuna Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yupeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mingming Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mikhalchik E, Balabushevich N, Vakhrusheva T, Sokolov A, Baykova J, Rakitina D, Scherbakov P, Gusev S, Gusev A, Kharaeva Z, Bukato O, Pobeguts O. Mucin adsorbed by E. coli can affect neutrophil activation in vitro. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 10:180-196. [PMID: 31785127 PMCID: PMC6996330 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria colonizing human intestine adhere to the gut mucosa and avoid the innate immune system. We previously demonstrated that Escherichia coli isolates can adsorb mucin from a diluted solution in vitro. Here, we evaluated the effect of mucin adsorption by E. coli cells on neutrophil activation in vitro. Activation was evaluated based on the detection of reactive oxygen species production by a chemiluminescent reaction (ChL), observation of morphological alterations in neutrophils and detection of exocytosis of myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin. We report that mucin adsorbed by cells of SharL1 isolate from Crohn's disease patient's inflamed ileum suppressed the potential for the activation of neutrophils in whole blood. Also, the binding of plasma complement proteins and immunoglobulins to the bacteria was reduced. Desialylated mucin, despite having the same adsorption efficiency to bacteria, had no effect on the blood ChL response. The effect of mucin suggests that it shields epitopes that interact with neutrophils and plasma proteins on the bacterial outer membrane. Potential candidates for these epitopes were identified among the proteins within the bacterial outer membrane fraction by 2D‐PAGE, fluorescent mucin binding on a blot and HPLC‐MS/MS. In vitro, the following proteins demonstrated mucin adsorption: outer membrane porins (OmpA, OmpC, OmpD and OmpF), adhesin OmpX, the membrane assembly factor OmpW, cobalamine transporter, ferrum uptake protein and the elongation factor Ef Tu‐1. In addition to their other functions, these proteins are known to be bacterial surface antigens. Therefore, the shielding of epitopes by mucin may affect the dynamics and intensity of an immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mikhalchik
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Tatiana Vakhrusheva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Sokolov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia Baykova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Rakitina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr Scherbakov
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Gusev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Olga Bukato
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Pobeguts
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo Z, Lin Y, Wang X, Fu Y, Lin W, Lin X. The protective efficacy of four iron-related recombinant proteins and their single-walled carbon nanotube encapsulated counterparts against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in zebrafish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:50-59. [PMID: 30086377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron-related proteins play important roles in iron homeostasis, and they may be potential vaccine candidates against pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila. In addition, the encapsulation of antigens in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has recently been shown to effectively stimulate the host immune response. To investigate the immune response of zebrafish to iron-related proteins and SWCNT-encapsulated proteins, we overexpressed and purified four iron-related recombinant proteins (P55870, A0KGK5, A0KPP0, and A0KIY3) from A. hydrophila. We then vaccinated zebrafish with these proteins and their SWCNT-encapsulated counterparts via both intraperitoneal injection and bath immunization. The target proteins evoked an immune response in zebrafish after intraperitoneal injection, and SWCNT-encapsulation significantly increased the immune response after bath immunization. When challenged with virulent A. hydrophila, zebrafish administered 5 μg intraperitoneal injections of SWCNT-P55870, A0KGK5, A0KPP0, or A0KIY3 had remarkably high relative percent survivals (RPSs) (50%, 55.6%, 66.7%, and 94.44% respectively). The RPSs of zebrafish vaccinated via immunization bath with 40 mg/L SWCNT-encapsulated counterparts were also high (52.94%, 55.56%, 61.11%, and 86.11%, respectively). These results indicated that zebrafish vaccinated with P55870, A0KGK5, SWCNT-P55870, and SWCNT-A0KGK5 were partially protected, while A0KPP0 and A0KIY3 were promising vaccine candidates against pathogenic A. hydrophila infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China
| | - Yuexu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China
| | - Yuying Fu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou 35002, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ain QU, Ahmad S, Azam SS. Subtractive proteomics and immunoinformatics revealed novel B-cell derived T-cell epitopes against Yersinia enterocolitica: An etiological agent of Yersiniosis. Microb Pathog 2018; 125:336-348. [PMID: 30273644 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is the third most common cause of gastrointestinal manifestations in Europe. Statistically, every year the pathogen accounts for 640 hospitalizations, 117,000 illnesses, and 35 deaths in the United States. The associated mortality rate of the pathogen is 50% and is virtually resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and cephalotin. The development of new and effective therapeutic procedures is urgently needed to counter the multi-drug-resistant phenotypes imposed by the said pathogen. Based on subtractive reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches, we have successfully predicted novel antigenic peptide vaccine candidates against Y. enterocolitica. The pipeline revealed two isoforms of ompC family; meoA (ompC) and ompC2 as promising vaccine targets. Protein-protein interactions elaborated the involvement of target candidates in the major biological pathways of the pathogen. The predicted 9-mer B-cell derived T-cell epitope of proteins are found to be virulent, antigenic, non-allergic, surface exposed and conserved in all nine completely sequenced strains of the pathogen. Molecular docking predicts deep and stable binding of the epitopes in the binding pocket of the most predominant allele in human population-the DRB1*0101. These epitopes of target proteins could provide the foundation for the development of an epitope-driven vaccine against Y. enterocolitica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qurat Ul Ain
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center of Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center of Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikander Azam
- Computational Biology Lab, National Center of Bioinformatics (NCB), Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang E, Qin Z, Yu Z, Ai X, Wang K, Yang Q, Liu T, Chen D, Geng Y, Huang X, Ouyang P, Lai W. Molecular Characterization, Phylogenetic, Expression, and Protective Immunity Analysis of OmpF, a Promising Candidate Immunogen Against Yersinia ruckeri Infection in Channel Catfish. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2003. [PMID: 30271401 PMCID: PMC6146100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane porins, as the major components of Gram-negative bacterial membrane proteins, have been proven to be involved in interactions with the host immune system and potent protective antigen candidates against bacterial infection in fish. Outer membrane porin F (OmpF) is one of the major porins of Yersinia ruckeri (Y. ruckeri), the causative agent of enteric red mouth disease of salmonid and non-salmonid fish. In the present study, the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of OmpF gene was studied, heterogenous expression, immunogenicity and protective immunity of OmpF were systemically evaluated as a subunit vaccine for channel catfish against Y. ruckeri infection. The results showed that OmpF gene was highly conserved among 15 known Yersinia species based on the analysis of conserved motifs, sequences alignment and phylogenetic tree, and was subjected to negative/purifying selection with global dN/dS ratios value of 0.649 throughout the evolution. Besides, OmpF was also identified to have immunogenicity by western blotting and was verified to be located on the surface of Y. ruckeri using cell surface staining and indirect immunofluorescence assays. Moreover, recombinant OmpF (rtOmpF) as a subunit vaccine was injected with commercial adjuvant ISA763, significantly enhanced the immune response by increasing serum antibody levels, lysozyme activity, complement C3 activity, total protein content, SOD activity, immune-related genes expression in the head kidney and spleen, and survival percent of channel catfish against Y. ruckeri infection. Thus, our present results not only enriched the information of molecular characterization and phylogenetics of OmpF, but also demonstrated that OmpF holds promise to be used as a potential antigen against Y. ruckeri infection in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erlong Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenyang Qin
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Ai
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Defang Chen
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Geng
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weimin Lai
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yadav SK, Dash P, Sahoo PK, Garg LC, Dixit A. Modulation of immune response and protective efficacy of recombinant outer-membrane protein F (rOmpF) of Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:563-572. [PMID: 29958980 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The outer-membrane proteins (OMPs) of Aeromonas hydrophila, an imperative fish pathogen accountable for massive economic losses to aquaculture industry, are found to be immunogenic and considered as potential vaccine candidates. In spite of development in the formulation of vaccine candidates against Aeromonas infection, no commercial preparation has been done so far; in addition, the molecular mechanisms of immunoprotection induced by various vaccine formulations in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, are little known. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the modulation of immunity and expression of immune-related genes post-rOmpF (recombinant outer-membrane protein of A. hydrophila, a novel vaccine candidate) immunization and protective efficacy after A. hydrophila challenge. The rOmpF-immunized fish showed a variable expression of the immune-related genes, viz. toll-like receptor 22 (TLR), complement component 3 (C3), chemokine (CXCa), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and natural killer enhancing factor (NKEF) in the head kidney tissues, when compared to the control group at different time intervals post-vaccination. A significant increase in serum hemolysin titer, ceruloplasmin level and myeloperoxidase activity was observed on day 140 post immunization. Also, bacterial agglutination titer and antiprotease activity were significantly increased on day 42 post immunization. No significant change was observed in lysozyme activity. Challenge studies with live A. hydrophila on day 140 post-immunization of L. rohita significantly increased the relative percentage survival (∼44%) in the vaccinated group. The results suggest that the rOmpF could be used as a potential vaccine candidate to combat A. hydrophila infection in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Kumari Yadav
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pujarini Dash
- Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Pramoda Kumar Sahoo
- Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India
| | - Lalit C Garg
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Aparna Dixit
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lawan A, Jesse FFA, Idris UH, Odhah MN, Arsalan M, Muhammad NA, Bhutto KR, Peter ID, Abraham GA, Wahid AH, Mohd-Azmi ML, Zamri-Saad M. Mucosal and systemic responses of immunogenic vaccines candidates against enteric Escherichia coli infections in ruminants: A review. Microb Pathog 2018; 117:175-183. [PMID: 29471137 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Innumerable Escherichia coli of animal origin are identified, which are of economic significance, likewise, cattle, sheep and goats are the carrier of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, which are less pathogenic, and can spread to people by way of direct contact and through the contamination of foodstuff or portable drinking water, causing serious illness. The immunization of ruminants has been carried out for ages and is largely acknowledged as the most economical and maintainable process of monitoring E. coli infection in ruminants. Yet, only a limited number of E. coli vaccines are obtainable. Mucosal surfaces are the most important ingress for E. coli and thus mucosal immune responses function as the primary means of fortification. Largely contemporary vaccination processes are done by parenteral administration and merely limited number of E. coli vaccines are inoculated via mucosal itinerary, due to its decreased efficacy. Nevertheless, aiming at maximal mucosal partitions to stimulate defensive immunity at both mucosal compartments and systemic site epitomises a prodigious task. Enormous determinations are involved in order to improve on novel mucosal E. coli vaccines candidate by choosing apposite antigens with potent immunogenicity, manipulating novel mucosal itineraries of inoculation and choosing immune-inducing adjuvants. The target of E. coli mucosal vaccines is to stimulate a comprehensive, effective and defensive immunity by specifically counteracting the antibodies at mucosal linings and by the stimulation of cellular immunity. Furthermore, effective E. coli mucosal vaccine would make vaccination measures stress-free and appropriate for large number of inoculation. On account of contemporary advancement in proteomics, metagenomics, metabolomics and transcriptomics research, a comprehensive appraisal of the immeasurable genes and proteins that were divulged by a bacterium is now in easy reach. Moreover, there exist marvellous prospects in this bourgeoning technologies in comprehending the host bacteria affiliation. Accordingly, the flourishing knowledge could massively guarantee to the progression of immunogenic vaccines against E. coli infections in both humans and animals. This review highlight and expounds on the current prominence of mucosal and systemic immunogenic vaccines for the prevention of E. coli infections in ruminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.
| | - F F A Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Farm & Exotic Animals Medicine & Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - U H Idris
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - M N Odhah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Yemen
| | - M Arsalan
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia; Livestock and Dairy Development Department Baluchistan, Pakistan
| | - N A Muhammad
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - K R Bhutto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Veterinary Research & Diagnosis, Livestock and Fisheries Department, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - I D Peter
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - G A Abraham
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Farm & Exotic Animals Medicine & Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A H Wahid
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M L Mohd-Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M Zamri-Saad
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Membrane Vesicles Derived from Bordetella bronchiseptica: Active Constituent of a New Vaccine against Infections Caused by This Pathogen. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01877-17. [PMID: 29180369 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01877-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica, a Gram-negative bacterium, causes chronic respiratory tract infections in a wide variety of mammalian hosts, including humans (albeit rarely). We recently designed Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis experimental vaccines based on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from each pathogen, and we obtained protection against the respective infections in mice. Here, we demonstrated that OMVs derived from virulent-phase B. bronchiseptica (OMVBbvir+) protected mice against sublethal infections with different B. bronchiseptica strains, two isolated from farm animals and one isolated from a human patient. In all infections, we observed that the B. bronchiseptica loads were significantly reduced in the lungs of vaccinated animals; the lung-recovered CFU were decreased by ≥4 log units, compared with those detected in the lungs of nonimmunized animals (P < 0.001). In the OMVBbvir+-immunized mice, we detected IgG antibody titers against B. bronchiseptica whole-cell lysates, along with an immune serum having bacterial killing activity that both recognized B. bronchiseptica lipopolysaccharides and polypeptides such as GroEL and outer membrane protein C (OMPc) and demonstrated an essential protective capacity against B. bronchiseptica infection, as detected by passive in vivo transfer experiments. Stimulation of cultured splenocytes from immunized mice with OMVBbvir+ resulted in interleukin 5 (IL-5), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and IL-17 production, indicating that the vesicles induced mixed Th2, Th1, and Th17 T-cell immune responses. We detected, by adoptive transfer assays, that spleen cells from OMVBbvir+-immunized mice also contributed to the observed protection against B. bronchiseptica infection. OMVs from avirulent-phase B. bronchiseptica and the resulting induced immune sera were also able to protect mice against B. bronchiseptica infection.IMPORTANCEBordetella bronchiseptica, a Gram-negative bacterium, causes chronic respiratory tract infections in a wide variety of mammalian hosts, including humans (albeit rarely). Several vaccines aimed at preventing B. bronchiseptica infection have been developed and used, but a safe effective vaccine is still needed. The significance and relevance of our research lie in the characterization of the OMVs derived from B. bronchiseptica as the source of a new experimental vaccine. We demonstrated here that our formulation based on OMVs derived from virulent-phase B. bronchiseptica (OMVBbvir+) was effective against infections caused by B. bronchiseptica isolates obtained from different hosts (farm animals and a human patient). In vitro and in vivo characterization of humoral and cellular immune responses induced by the OMVBbvir+ vaccine enabled a better understanding of the mechanism of protection necessary to control B. bronchiseptica infection. Here we also demonstrated that OMVs derived from B. bronchiseptica in the avirulent phase and the corresponding induced humoral immune response were able to protect mice from B. bronchiseptica infection. This realization provides the basis for the development of novel vaccines not only against the acute stages of the disease but also against stages of the disease or the infectious cycle in which avirulence factors could play a role.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma ST, Ding GJ, Huang XW, Wang ZW, Wang L, Yu ML, Shi W, Jiang YP, Tang LJ, Xu YG, Li YJ. Immunogenicity in chickens with orally administered recombinant chicken-borne Lactobacillus saerimneri expressing FimA and OmpC antigen of O78 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. J Med Microbiol 2018; 67:441-451. [PMID: 29458539 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Avian colibacillosis is responsible for economic losses to poultry producers worldwide. To combat this, we aimed to develop an effective oral vaccine for chicken against O78 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infection through a Lactobacillus delivery system. METHODOLOGY Eight Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestines of broiler chickens were evaluated based on their in vitro adherence ability to assess their potential as a delivery vector. Fimbrial subunit A (FimA) and outer-membrane protein C (OmpC) of APEC with and without fusion to dendritic cell-targeting peptide (DCpep) and microfold cell-targeting peptide (Co1) were displayed on the surface of Lactobacillus saerimneri M-11 and yielded vaccine groups (pPG-ompC-fimA/M-11 and pPG-ompC-fimA-Co1-DCpep/M-11, respectively). The colonization of the recombinant strains in vivo was assessed and the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of orally administered recombinant strains in chickens were evaluated. RESULTS The colonization of the recombinant strains in vivo revealed no significant differences between the recombinant and wild-type strains. Chickens orally administered with vaccine groups showed significantly higher levels of OmpC/FimA-specific IgG in serum and mucosal IgA in cecum lavage, nasal lavage and stool compared to the pPG/M-11 group. After challenge with APEC CVCC1553, better protective efficacy was observed in chickens orally immunized with pPG-ompC-fimA/M-11 and pPG-ompC-fimA-Co1-DCpep/M-11, but no significant differences were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant chicken-borne L. saerimneri M-11 showed good immunogenicity in chickens, suggesting that it may be a promising vaccine candidate against APEC infections. However, the activity of mammalian DCpep and Co1 was not significant in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ting Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guo-Jie Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xue-Wei Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Zi-Wei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Mei-Ling Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Li-Jie Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yi-Gang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yi-Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Mu Cai Street No. 59, Xiang Fang District, Harbin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, Teng D, Guan Q, Mao R, Hao Y, Wang X, Yao J, Wang J. Escherichia coli outer membrane protein F (OmpF): an immunogenic protein induces cross-reactive antibodies against Escherichia coli and Shigella. AMB Express 2017; 7:155. [PMID: 28728309 PMCID: PMC5517391 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most serious infectious diseases in humans and animals. Due to antibiotics resistance and the lack of efficient vaccine, more attention should be paid to find potential versatile vaccine candidates to prevent diseases. In this study, the sequence homology analysis indicated that OmpF from E. coli CVCC 1515 shares a high identity (90−100%) with about half of the E. coli (46.7%) and Shigella (52.8%) strains. Then the recombinant OmpF was supposed to be developed as a versatile vaccine to prevent E. coli infection. OmpF was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) using the auto-induction method. The recombinant OmpF (rOmpF) protein had an average molecular weight of 40 kDa with the purity of 90%. Immunological analysis indicated that the titers of anti-rOmpF sera against rOmpF and whole cells were 1:240,000 and 1:27,000, respectively. The opsonophagocytosis result showed that 72.21 ± 11.39 and 11.04 ± 3.90% of bacteria were killed in the rOmpF immunization and control groups, respectively. The survival ratio of mice immunized with rOmpF ranged between 40 and 60% as observed within 36 h after challenge, indicating mice were partially protected from E. coli CVCC 1515 infection. The expressed rOmpF protein induced an effective immune response, but only provide a weak protection against pathogenic E. coli CVCC 1515 and a small reduction in E. coli CICC 21530 (O157:H7) excretion in a mouse infection model. Native forms of the OmpF antigen may be studied for immunogenicity and potential protective efficacy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Construction of a Recombinant OmpC Dominant Epitope-Based Vaccine Against Escherichia coli and Evaluation of Its Immunogenicity and Protective Immunity. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.55652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
22
|
Kong LC, Guo X, Wang Z, Gao YH, Jia BY, Liu SM, Ma HX. Whole genome sequencing of an ExPEC that caused fatal pneumonia at a pig farm in Changchun, China. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:169. [PMID: 28599670 PMCID: PMC5466758 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, highly frequent swine respiratory diseases have been caused by extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) in China. Due to this increase in ExPECs, this bacterial pathogen has become a threat to the development of the Chinese swine industry. To investigate ExPEC pathogenesis, we isolated a strain (named SLPE) from lesioned porcine lungs from Changchun in China, reported the draft genome and performed comparative genomic analyses. Results
Based on the gross post-mortem examination, bacterial isolation, animal regression test and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the pathogenic bacteria was identified as an ExPEC. The SLPE draft genome was 4.9 Mb with a G + C content of 51.7%. The phylogenomic comparison indicated that the SLPE strain belongs to the B1 monophyletic phylogroups and that its closest relative is Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) O78. However, the distribution diagram of the pan-genome virulence genes demonstrated significant differences between SLPE and APEC078. We also identified a capsular polysaccharide synthesis gene cluster (CPS) in the SLPE strain genomes using blastp. Conclusions We isolated the ExPEC (SLPE) from swine lungs in China, performed the whole genome sequencing and compared the sequence with other Escherichia coli (E. coli). The comparative genomic analysis revealed several genes including several virulence factors that are ExPEC strain-specific, such as fimbrial adhesins (papG II), ireA, pgtP, hlyF, the pix gene cluster and fecR for their further study. We found a CPS in the SLPE strain genomes for the first time, and this CPS is closely related to the CPS from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1093-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Cong Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun-Hang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo-Yan Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu-Ming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Xia Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhu Y, Dong W, Ma J, Yuan L, Hejair HMA, Pan Z, Liu G, Yao H. Characterization and virulence clustering analysis of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from swine in China. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:94. [PMID: 28388949 PMCID: PMC5385051 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Swine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is an important pathogen that leads to economic and welfare costs in the swine industry worldwide, and is occurring with increasing frequency in China. By far, various virulence factors have been recognized in ExPEC. Here, we investigated the virulence genotypes and clonal structure of collected strains to improve the knowledge of phylogenetic traits of porcine ExPECs in China. RESULTS We isolated 64 Chinese porcine ExPEC strains from 2013 to 14 in China. By multiplex PCR, the distribution of isolates belonging to phylogenetic groups B1, B2, A and D was 9.4%, 10.9%, 57.8% and 21.9%, respectively. Nineteen virulence-related genes were detected by PCR assay; ompA, fimH, vat, traT and iutA were highly prevalent. Virulence-related genes were remarkably more prevalent in group B2 than in groups A, B1 and D; notably, usp, cnf1, hlyD, papA and ibeA were only found in group B2 strains. Genotyping analysis was performed and four clusters of strains (named I to IV) were identified. Cluster IV contained all isolates from group B2 and Cluster IV isolates had the strongest pathogenicity in a mouse infection model. As phylogenetic group B2 and D ExPEC isolates are generally considered virulent, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis was performed for these isolates to further investigate genetic relationships. Two novel sequence types, ST5170 and ST5171, were discovered. Among the nine clonal complexes identified among our group B2 and D isolates, CC12 and CC95 have been indicated to have high zoonotic pathogenicity. The distinction between group B2 and non-B2 isolates in virulence and genotype accorded with MLST analysis. CONCLUSION This study reveals significant genetic diversity among ExPEC isolates and helps us to better understand their pathogenesis. Importantly, our data suggest group B2 (Cluster IV) strains have the highest risk of causing animal disease and illustrate the correlation between genotype and virulence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinchu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenyang Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiale Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lvfeng Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hassan M A Hejair
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zihao Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guangjin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huochun Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu F, Fu J, Liu C, Chen J, Sun M, Chen H, Tan C, Wang X. Characterization and distinction of two flagellar systems in extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033. Microbiol Res 2016; 196:69-79. [PMID: 28164791 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) can invade and colonize multiple extraintestinal tissues and can cause a wide range of infections; however the mechanisms of its pathogenicity are not well understood. Flagella contribute to the infection of E. coli strains by mediating adhesion and invasion. Our previous bioinformatic analysis revealed two flagella gene clusters in the genome of an ExPEC isolate, PCN033. One encodes the conventional flagellum system (Flag-1) and the other encodes the Flag-2 system, whose function is uncharacterized. Here we aimed to characterize these two flagellum systems and determine their contributions to the flagellum formation and certain pathogenicity-associated phenotypes. Our observations support the involvement of Flag-1 system, but not Flag-2 system, in the synthesis and maturation of the flagellum structure, and in mediating bacterial swimming and swarming. Moreover, flgD, which encodes a flagellar-hook scaffolding protein in the Flag-1 system, is required for flagellum assembly by influencing the production of FliC (flagellin). Deletion of flgD attenuated ExPEC strain PCN033 invasion and colonization in vivo, probably by affecting bacterial adhesion and invasion, and by reducing resistance to phagocytosis by circulating monocytes. In contrast, these phenotypes were not observed in the strain with deletion of lfgD, encoding the FlgD-like protein in the Flag-2 system. Taken together, these findings indicate that Flag-1 flagellum system is the determinative component of bacterial flagella that contributes to the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Canying Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minhua Sun
- Guangdong Lab for Animal Diseases/Guangdong Open Laboratory of Public Health, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of development of veterinary diagnostic products of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Donnarumma D, Faleri A, Costantino P, Rappuoli R, Norais N. The role of structural proteomics in vaccine development: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:55-68. [PMID: 26714563 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1121113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are the most effective way to fight infectious diseases saving countless lives since their introduction. Their evolution during the last century made use of the best technologies available to continuously increase their efficacy and safety. Mass spectrometry (MS) and proteomics are already playing a central role in the identification and characterization of novel antigens. Over the last years, we have been witnessing the emergence of structural proteomics in vaccinology, as a major tool for vaccine candidate discovery, antigen design and life cycle management of existing products. In this review, we describe the MS techniques associated to structural proteomics and we illustrate the contribution of structural proteomics to vaccinology discussing potential applications.
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu C, Zheng H, Yang M, Xu Z, Wang X, Wei L, Tang B, Liu F, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Tang X, Wu B, Johnson TJ, Chen H, Tan C. Genome analysis and in vivo virulence of porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strain PCN033. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:717. [PMID: 26391348 PMCID: PMC4578781 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1890-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strains of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) can invade and colonize extraintestinal sites and cause a wide range of infections. Genomic analysis of ExPEC has mainly focused on isolates of human and avian origins, with porcine ExPEC isolates yet to be sequenced. To better understand the genomic attributes underlying the pathogenicity of porcine ExPEC, we isolated two E. coli strains PCN033 and PCN061 from pigs, assessed their in vivo virulence, and completed and compared their genomes. Results Animal experiments demonstrated that strain PCN033, but not PCN061, was pathogenic in a pig model. The chromosome of PCN033 was 384 kb larger than that of PCN061. Among the PCN033-specific sequences, genes encoding adhesins, unique lipopolysaccharide, unique capsular polysaccharide, iron acquisition and transport systems, and metabolism were identified. Additionally, a large plasmid PCN033p3 harboring many typical ExPEC virulence factors was identified in PCN033. Based on the genetic variation between PCN033 and PCN061, corresponding phenotypic differences in flagellum-dependent swarming motility and metabolism were verified. Furthermore, the comparative genomic analyses showed that the PCN033 genome shared many similarities with genomic sequences of human ExPEC strains. Additionally, comparison of PCN033 genome with other nine characteristic E. coli genomes revealed 425 PCN033-special coding sequences. Genes of this subset included those encoding type I restriction-modification (R-M) system, type VI secretion system (T6SS) and membrane-associated proteins. Conclusions The genetic and phenotypic differences between PCN033 and PCN061 could partially explain their differences in virulence, and also provide insight towards the molecular mechanisms of porcine ExPEC infections. Additionally, the similarities between the genomes of PCN033 and human ExPEC strains suggest that some connections between porcine and human ExPEC strains exist. The first completed genomic sequence for porcine ExPEC and the genomic differences identified by comparative analyses provide a baseline understanding of porcine ExPEC genetics and lay the foundation for their further study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1890-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Shanghai-Most Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Minjun Yang
- Shanghai-Most Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhuofei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiangru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liuya Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Biao Tang
- Shanghai-Most Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xibiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Timothy J Johnson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang X, Guan Q, Wang X, Teng D, Mao R, Yao J, Wang J. Paving the way to construct a new vaccine against Escherichia coli from its recombinant outer membrane protein C via a murine model. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
28
|
Identification of a novel vaccine candidate by immunogenic screening of Vibrio parahaemolyticus outer membrane proteins. Vaccine 2014; 32:6115-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
29
|
Characterization of the key antigenic components of pertussis vaccine based on outer membrane vesicles. Vaccine 2014; 32:6084-90. [PMID: 25240753 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pertussis has resurged during the last two decades in different countries. In particular in the 2010-2013 period large outbreaks were detected in US, Australia, UK and The Netherlands with significant mortality in infants. The epidemiological situation of pertussis points out the need to develop new vaccines and in this regard we previously developed a new vaccine based on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which have been shown to be safe and to induce protection in mice. Here we have further investigated the properties of OMVs vaccines; in particular we studied the contribution of pertussis toxin (PTx) and pertactin (Prn) in OMVs-mediated protection against pertussis. PTx-deficient OMVs and Prn-deficient OMVs were obtained from defective Bordetella pertussis mutants. The absence of PTx or Prn did compromise the protective capacity of the OMVs formulated as Tdap vaccine. Whereas the protective efficacy of the PTx-deficient OMVs in mice was comparable to Prn-deficient OMVs, the protective capacity of both of them was significantly impaired when it was compared with the wild type OMVs. Interestingly, using OMVs obtained from a B. pertussis strain which does not express any of the virulence factors but expresses the avirulent phenotype; we observed that the protective ability of such OMVs was lower than that of OMVs obtained from virulent B. pertussis phase. However, it was surprising that although the protective capacity of avirulent OMVs was lower, they were still protective in the used mice model. These results allow us to hypothesize that OMVs from avirulent phase shares protective components with all OMVs assayed. Using an immune proteomic strategy we identified some common components that could play an important role in protection against pertussis.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gaultney RA, Gonzalez T, Floden AM, Brissette CA. BB0347, from the lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is surface exposed and interacts with the CS1 heparin-binding domain of human fibronectin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75643. [PMID: 24086600 PMCID: PMC3785480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, codes for several known fibronectin-binding proteins. Fibronectin a common the target of diverse bacterial pathogens, and has been shown to be essential in allowing for the development of certain disease states. Another borrelial protein, BB0347, has sequence similarity with these other known fibronectin-binding proteins, and may be important in Lyme disease pathogenesis. Herein, we perform an initial characterization of BB0347 via the use of molecular and biochemical techniques. We found that BB0347 is expressed, produced, and presented on the outer surface of intact B. burgdorferi. We also demonstrate that BB0347 has the potential to be important in Lyme disease progression, and have begun to characterize the nature of the interaction between human fibronectin and this bacterial protein. Further work is needed to define the role of this protein in the borrelial infection process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Gaultney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Tammy Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Angela M. Floden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Brissette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edwin C. James Medical Research Facility Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shao ZQ, Zhang YM, Pan XZ, Wang B, Chen JQ. Insight into the evolution of the histidine triad protein (HTP) family in Streptococcus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60116. [PMID: 23527301 PMCID: PMC3603884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Histidine Triad Proteins (HTPs), also known as Pht proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae, constitute a family of surface-exposed proteins that exist in many pathogenic streptococcal species. Although many studies have revealed the importance of HTPs in streptococcal physiology and pathogenicity, little is known about their origin and evolution. In this study, after identifying all htp homologs from 105 streptococcal genomes representing 38 different species/subspecies, we analyzed their domain structures, positions in genome, and most importantly, their evolutionary histories. By further projecting this information onto the streptococcal phylogeny, we made several major findings. First, htp genes originated earlier than the Streptococcus genus and gene-loss events have occurred among three streptococcal groups, resulting in the absence of the htp gene in the Bovis, Mutans and Salivarius groups. Second, the copy number of htp genes in other groups of Streptococcus is variable, ranging from one to four functional copies. Third, both phylogenetic evidence and domain structure analyses support the division of two htp subfamilies, designated as htp I and htp II. Although present mainly in the pyogenic group and in Streptococcus suis, htp II members are distinct from htp I due to the presence of an additional leucine-rich-repeat domain at the C-terminus. Finally, htp genes exhibit a faster nucleotide substitution rate than do housekeeping genes. Specifically, the regions outside the HTP domains are under strong positive selection. This distinct evolutionary pattern likely helped Streptococcus to easily escape from recognition by host immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Qing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiu-Zhen Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Medicine of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (BW); (JQC)
| | - Jian-Qun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail: (BW); (JQC)
| |
Collapse
|