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Discovery of novel whitefly vector proteins that interact with a virus capsid component mediating virion retention and transmission. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1154-1165. [PMID: 36427615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Specificity and efficiency of plant virus transmission depend largely on protein-protein interactions of vectors and viruses. Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), transmitted specifically by tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, in a semi-persistent manner, has caused serious damage on cucurbit and vegetable crops around the world. However, the molecular mechanism of interaction during CCYV retention and transmission are still lacking. CCYV was proven to bind particularly to the whitefly foregut, and here, we confirmed that the minor coat protein (CPm) of CCYV is participated in the interaction with the vector. In order to identify proteins of B. tabaci that interact directly with CPm of CCYV, the immunoprecipitation (IP) assay and DUALmembrane cDNA library screening technology were applied. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A (COX), tubulin beta chain (TUB) and keratin, type I cytoskeletal 9-like (KRT) of B. tabaci shown strong interactions with CPm and are closely associated with the retention within the vector and transmission of CCYV. These findings on whitefly protein-CCYV CPm interactions are crucial for a much better understanding the mechanism of semi-persistent plant virus transmission by insect vectors, as well as for implement new strategies for effective management of plant viruses and their vector insects.
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2
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Bhoi TK, Samal I, Majhi PK, Komal J, Mahanta DK, Pradhan AK, Saini V, Nikhil Raj M, Ahmad MA, Behera PP, Ashwini M. Insight into aphid mediated Potato Virus Y transmission: A molecular to bioinformatics prospective. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001454. [PMID: 36504828 PMCID: PMC9729956 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato, the world's most popular crop is reported to provide a food source for nearly a billion people. It is prone to a number of biotic stressors that affect yield and quality, out of which Potato Virus Y (PVY) occupies the top position. PVY can be transmitted mechanically and by sap-feeding aphid vectors. The application of insecticide causes an increase in the resistant vector population along with detrimental effects on the environment; genetic resistance and vector-virus control are the two core components for controlling the deadly PVY. Using transcriptomic tools together with differential gene expression and gene discovery, several loci and genes associated with PVY resistance have been widely identified. To combat this virus we must increase our understanding on the molecular response of the PVY-potato plant-aphid interaction and knowledge of genome organization, as well as the function of PVY encoded proteins, genetic diversity, the molecular aspects of PVY transmission by aphids, and transcriptome profiling of PVY infected potato cultivars. Techniques such as molecular and bioinformatics tools can identify and monitor virus transmission. Several studies have been conducted to understand the molecular basis of PVY resistance/susceptibility interactions and their impact on PVY epidemiology by studying the interrelationship between the virus, its vector, and the host plant. This review presents current knowledge of PVY transmission, epidemiology, genome organization, molecular to bioinformatics responses, and its effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi
- Forest Protection Division, ICFRE-Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ipsita Samal
- Department of Entomology, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Majhi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - J. Komal
- Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India,J. Komal
| | - Deepak Kumar Mahanta
- Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India,*Correspondence: Deepak Kumar Mahanta
| | - Asit Kumar Pradhan
- Social Science Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Varun Saini
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - M. Nikhil Raj
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Abbas Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India
| | | | - Mangali Ashwini
- Department of Entomology, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India
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3
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Farooq T, Lin Q, She X, Chen T, Tang Y, He Z. Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals a network of differentially expressed genes in Asia II 7 and MEAM1 whitefly cryptic species in response to early infection of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1004513. [PMID: 36267190 PMCID: PMC9577181 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1004513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV) is a whitefly-vectored begomovirus that poses ramping threat to several economically important crops worldwide. The differential transmission of CLCuMuV by its vector Bemisia tabaci mainly relies on the type of whitefly cryptic species. However, the molecular responses among different whitefly cryptic species in response to early CLCuMuV infection remain elusive. Here, we compared early-stage transcriptomic profiles of Asia II 7 and MEAM1 cryptic species infected by CLCuMuV. Results of Illumina sequencing revealed that after 6 and 12 h of CLCuMuV acquisition, 153 and 141 genes among viruliferous (VF) Asia II 7, while 445 and 347 genes among VF MEAM 1 whiteflies were differentially expressed compared with aviruliferous (AVF) whiteflies. The most abundant groups of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among Asia II 7 and MEAM1 were associated with HTH-1 and zf-C2H2 classes of transcription factors (TFs), respectively. Notably, in contrast to Asia II 7, MEAM1 cryptic species displayed higher transcriptional variations with elevated immune-related responses following CLCuMuV infection. Among both cryptic species, we identified several highly responsive candidate DEGs associated with antiviral innate immunity (alpha glucosidase, LSM14-like protein B and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), lysosome (GPI-anchored protein 58) and autophagy/phagosome pathways (sequestosome-1, cathepsin F-like protease), spliceosome (heat shock protein 70), detoxification (cytochrome P450 4C1), cGMP-PKG signaling pathway (myosin heavy chain), carbohydrate metabolism (alpha-glucosidase), biological transport (mitochondrial phosphate carrier) and protein absorption and digestion (cuticle protein 8). Further validation of RNA-seq results showed that 23 of 28 selected genes exhibited concordant expression both in RT-qPCR and RNA-seq. Our findings provide vital mechanistic insights into begomovirus-whitefly interactions to understand the dynamics of differential begomovirus transmission by different whitefly cryptic species and reveal novel molecular targets for sustainable management of insect-transmitted plant viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yafei Tang
- Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifu He
- Plant Protection Research Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Arnoldi I, Mancini G, Fumagalli M, Gastaldi D, D'Andrea L, Bandi C, Di Venere M, Iadarola P, Forneris F, Gabrieli P. A salivary factor binds a cuticular protein and modulates biting by inducing morphological changes in the mosquito labrum. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3493-3504.e11. [PMID: 35835123 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mosquito proboscis is an efficient microelectromechanical system, which allows the insect to feed on vertebrate blood quickly and painlessly. Its efficiency is further enhanced by the insect saliva, although through unclear mechanisms. Here, we describe the initial trigger of an unprecedented feedback signaling pathway in Aedes mosquitoes affecting feeding behavior. We identified LIPS proteins in the saliva of Aedes mosquitoes that promote feeding in the vertebrate skin. LIPS show a new all-helical protein fold constituted by two domains. The N-terminal domain interacts with a cuticular protein (Cp19) located at the tip of the mosquito labrum. Upon interaction, the morphology of the labral cuticle changes, and this modification is most likely sensed by proprioceptive neurons. Our study identifies an additional role of mosquito saliva and underlines that the external cuticle is a possible site of key molecular interactions affecting the insect biology and its vector competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Arnoldi
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Mancini
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Fumagalli
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dario Gastaldi
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca D'Andrea
- Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering Giulio Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandi
- Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Venere
- Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Biochemistry Unit, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Forneris
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gabrieli
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Department Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Entopar lab, Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Jayasinghe WH, Akhter MS, Nakahara K, Maruthi MN. Effect of aphid biology and morphology on plant virus transmission. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:416-427. [PMID: 34478603 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aphids severely affect crop production by transmitting many plant viruses. Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that mostly depend on vectors for their transmission and survival. A majority of economically important plant viruses are transmitted by aphids. They transmit viruses either persistently (circulative or non-circulative) or non-persistently. Plant virus transmission by insects is a process that has evolved over time and is strongly influenced by insect morphological features and biology. Over the past century, a large body of research has provided detailed knowledge of the molecular processes underlying virus-vector interactions. In this review, we discuss how aphid biology and morphology can affect plant virus transmission. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wikum H Jayasinghe
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Md Shamim Akhter
- Laboratory of Pathogen-Plant Interactions, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Bangladesh
| | - Kenji Nakahara
- Laboratory of Pathogen-Plant Interactions, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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6
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Ramsey JS, Ammar ED, Mahoney JE, Rivera K, Johnson R, Igwe DO, Thannhauser TW, MacCoss MJ, Hall DG, Heck M. Host Plant Adaptation Drives Changes in Diaphorina citri Proteome Regulation, Proteoform Expression, and Transmission of ' Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', the Citrus Greening Pathogen. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:101-115. [PMID: 34738832 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-21-0275-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a pest of citrus and the primary insect vector of the bacterial pathogen, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas), which is associated with citrus greening disease. The citrus relative Murraya paniculata (orange jasmine) is a host plant of D. citri but is more resistant to CLas compared with all tested Citrus genotypes. The effect of host switching of D. citri between Citrus medica (citron) and M. paniculata plants on the acquisition and transmission of CLas was investigated. The psyllid CLas titer and the proportion of CLas-infected psyllids decreased in the generations after transfer from CLas-infected citron to healthy M. paniculata plants. Furthermore, after several generations of feeding on M. paniculata, pathogen acquisition (20 to 40% reduction) and transmission rates (15 to 20% reduction) in psyllids transferred to CLas-infected citron were reduced compared with psyllids continually maintained on infected citron. Top-down (difference gel electrophoresis) and bottom-up (shotgun MS/MS) proteomics methods were used to identify changes in D. citri protein expression resulting from host plant switching between Citrus macrophylla and M. paniculata. Changes in expression of insect metabolism, immunity, and cytoskeleton proteins were associated with host plant switching. Both transient and sustained feeding on M. paniculata induced distinct patterns of protein expression in D. citri compared with psyllids reared on C. macrophylla. The results point to complex interactions that affect vector competence and may lead to strategies to control the spread of citrus greening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Ramsey
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Ithaca, NY
| | - El-Desouky Ammar
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, USHRL-SIRU, Fort Pierce, FL
| | | | - Keith Rivera
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
| | | | - David O Igwe
- Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences-Plant Pathology and Plant Microbe Biology, Ithaca, NY
| | - Theodore W Thannhauser
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Research Unit, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - David G Hall
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, USHRL-SIRU, Fort Pierce, FL
| | - Michelle Heck
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Ithaca, NY
- Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences-Plant Pathology and Plant Microbe Biology, Ithaca, NY
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7
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Tungadi T, Watt LG, Groen SC, Murphy AM, Du Z, Pate AE, Westwood JH, Fennell TG, Powell G, Carr JP. Infection of Arabidopsis by cucumber mosaic virus triggers jasmonate-dependent resistance to aphids that relies partly on the pattern-triggered immunity factor BAK1. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1082-1091. [PMID: 34156752 PMCID: PMC8358999 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Many aphid-vectored viruses are transmitted nonpersistently via transient attachment of virus particles to aphid mouthparts and are most effectively acquired or transmitted during brief stylet punctures of epidermal cells. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the aphid-transmitted virus cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) induces feeding deterrence against the polyphagous aphid Myzus persicae. This form of resistance inhibits prolonged phloem feeding but promotes virus acquisition by aphids because it encourages probing of plant epidermal cells. When aphids are confined on CMV-infected plants, feeding deterrence reduces their growth and reproduction. We found that CMV-induced inhibition of growth as well as CMV-induced inhibition of reproduction of M. persicae are dependent upon jasmonate-mediated signalling. BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) is a co-receptor enabling detection of microbe-associated molecular patterns and induction of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). In plants carrying the mutant bak1-5 allele, CMV induced inhibition of M. persicae reproduction but not inhibition of aphid growth. We conclude that in wildtype plants CMV induces two mechanisms that diminish performance of M. persicae: a jasmonate-dependent and PTI-dependent mechanism that inhibits aphid growth, and a jasmonate-dependent, PTI-independent mechanism that inhibits reproduction. The growth of two crucifer specialist aphids, Lipaphis erysimi and Brevicoryne brassicae, was not affected when confined on CMV-infected A. thaliana. However, B. brassicae reproduction was inhibited on CMV-infected plants. This suggests that in A. thaliana CMV-induced resistance to aphids, which is thought to incentivize virus vectoring, has greater effects on polyphagous than on crucifer specialist aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisna Tungadi
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- NIAB EMREast MallingUK
| | - Lewis G. Watt
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Simon C. Groen
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Department of BiologyNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Alex M. Murphy
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Zhiyou Du
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Institute of BioengineeringZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhouChina
| | | | - Jack H. Westwood
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Walder FoundationSkokieIllinoisUSA
| | - Thea G. Fennell
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - John P. Carr
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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8
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Rajarapu SP, Ullman DE, Uzest M, Rotenberg D, Ordaz NA, Whitfield AE. Plant–Virus–Vector Interactions. Virology 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119818526.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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Mittapelly P, Rajarapu SP. Applications of Proteomic Tools to Study Insect Vector-Plant Virus Interactions. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E143. [PMID: 32784674 PMCID: PMC7459587 DOI: 10.3390/life10080143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins are crucial players of biological interactions within and between the organisms and thus it is important to understand the role of proteins in successful partnerships, such as insect vectors and their plant viruses. Proteomic approaches have identified several proteins at the interface of virus acquisition and transmission by their insect vectors which could be potential molecular targets for sustainable pest and viral disease management strategies. Here we review the proteomic techniques used to study the interactions of insect vector and plant virus. Our review will focus on the techniques available to identify the infection, global changes at the proteome level in insect vectors, and protein-protein interactions of insect vectors and plant viruses. Furthermore, we also review the integration of other techniques with proteomics and the available bioinformatic tools to analyze the proteomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mittapelly
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
- USDA APHIS PPQ, 5936 Ford Ct, Ste. 200, Brighton, MI 48116, USA
| | - Swapna Priya Rajarapu
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA;
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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10
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Giordano R, Donthu RK, Zimin AV, Julca Chavez IC, Gabaldon T, van Munster M, Hon L, Hall R, Badger JH, Nguyen M, Flores A, Potter B, Giray T, Soto-Adames FN, Weber E, Marcelino JAP, Fields CJ, Voegtlin DJ, Hill CB, Hartman GL. Soybean aphid biotype 1 genome: Insights into the invasive biology and adaptive evolution of a major agricultural pest. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 120:103334. [PMID: 32109587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of the soybean plant, Glycine max, a major world-wide agricultural crop. We assembled a de novo genome sequence of Ap. glycines Biotype 1, from a culture established shortly after this species invaded North America. 20.4% of the Ap. glycines proteome is duplicated. These in-paralogs are enriched with Gene Ontology (GO) categories mostly related to apoptosis, a possible adaptation to plant chemistry and other environmental stressors. Approximately one-third of these genes show parallel duplication in other aphids. But Ap. gossypii, its closest related species, has the lowest number of these duplicated genes. An Illumina GoldenGate assay of 2380 SNPs was used to determine the world-wide population structure of Ap. Glycines. China and South Korean aphids are the closest to those in North America. China is the likely origin of other Asian aphid populations. The most distantly related aphids to those in North America are from Australia. The diversity of Ap. glycines in North America has decreased over time since its arrival. The genetic diversity of Ap. glycines North American population sampled shortly after its first detection in 2001 up to 2012 does not appear to correlate with geography. However, aphids collected on soybean Rag experimental varieties in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), and Wisconsin (WI), closer to high density Rhamnus cathartica stands, appear to have higher capacity to colonize resistant soybean plants than aphids sampled in Ohio (OH), North Dakota (ND), and South Dakota (SD). Samples from the former states have SNP alleles with high FST values and frequencies, that overlap with genes involved in iron metabolism, a crucial metabolic pathway that may be affected by the Rag-associated soybean plant response. The Ap. glycines Biotype 1 genome will provide needed information for future analyses of mechanisms of aphid virulence and pesticide resistance as well as facilitate comparative analyses between aphids with differing natural history and host plant range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Giordano
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, USA; Know Your Bee, Inc. San Juan, PR, USA.
| | - Ravi Kiran Donthu
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, USA; Know Your Bee, Inc. San Juan, PR, USA.
| | - Aleksey V Zimin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irene Consuelo Julca Chavez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldon
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuella van Munster
- CIRAD-INRA-Montpellier SupAgro, TA A54/K, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Jonathan H Badger
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Minh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alejandra Flores
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bruce Potter
- University of Minnesota, Southwest Research and Outreach Center, Lamberton, MN, USA
| | - Tugrul Giray
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Felipe N Soto-Adames
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, Entomology, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Jose A P Marcelino
- Puerto Rico Science, Technology and Research Trust, San Juan, PR, USA; Know Your Bee, Inc. San Juan, PR, USA; Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher J Fields
- HPCBio, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - David J Voegtlin
- Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Glen L Hartman
- USDA-ARS and Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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11
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Deshoux M, Masson V, Arafah K, Voisin S, Guschinskaya N, van Munster M, Cayrol B, Webster CG, Rahbé Y, Blanc S, Bulet P, Uzest M. Cuticular Structure Proteomics in the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Reveals New Plant Virus Receptor Candidates at the Tip of Maxillary Stylets. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1319-1337. [PMID: 31991085 PMCID: PMC7063574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aphids are phloem-feeding insects known as major pests in agriculture that are able to transmit hundreds of plant viruses. The majority of these viruses, classified as noncirculative, are retained and transported on the inner surface of the cuticle of the needle-like mouthparts while the aphids move from plant to plant. Identification of receptors of viruses within insect vectors is a key challenge because they are promising targets for alternative control strategies. The acrostyle, an organ discovered earlier within the common food/salivary canal at the tip of aphid maxillary stylets, displays proteins at the cuticle-fluid interface, some of which are receptors of noncirculative viruses. To assess the presence of stylet- and acrostyle-specific proteins and identify putative receptors, we have developed a comprehensive comparative analysis of the proteomes of four cuticular anatomical structures of the pea aphid, stylets, antennae, legs, and wings. In addition, we performed systematic immunolabeling detection of the cuticular proteins identified by mass spectrometry in dissected stylets. We thereby establish the first proteome of stylets of an insect and determine the minimal repertoire of the cuticular proteins composing the acrostyle. Most importantly, we propose a short list of plant virus receptor candidates, among which RR-1 proteins are remarkably predominant. The data are available via ProteomeXchange (PXD016517).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Deshoux
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Victor Masson
- Plateforme
BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
- CR
University of Grenoble-Alpes, Institute
for Advances Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Karim Arafah
- Plateforme
BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
| | | | | | - Manuella van Munster
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Bastien Cayrol
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Craig G. Webster
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Yvan Rahbé
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
- INRAE,
INSA Lyon, UMR5240 MAP CNRS-UCBL, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- University
of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Bulet
- Plateforme
BioPark d’Archamps, 74160 Archamps, France
- CR
University of Grenoble-Alpes, Institute
for Advances Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Marilyne Uzest
- BGPI, University of Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France
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12
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Guschinskaya N, Ressnikoff D, Arafah K, Voisin S, Bulet P, Uzest M, Rahbé Y. Insect Mouthpart Transcriptome Unveils Extension of Cuticular Protein Repertoire and Complex Organization. iScience 2020; 23:100828. [PMID: 32000126 PMCID: PMC7033635 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects have developed intriguing cuticles with very specific structures and functions, including microstructures governing their interactions with transmitted microbes, such as in aphid mouthparts harboring virus receptors within such microstructures. Here, we provide the first transcriptome analysis of an insect mouthpart cuticle (“retort organs” [ROs], the stylets' precursors). This analysis defined stylets as a complex composite material. The retort transcriptome also allowed us to propose an algorithmic definition of a new cuticular protein (CP) family with low complexity and biased amino acid composition. Finally, we identified a differentially expressed gene encoding a pyrokinin (PK) neuropeptide precursor and characterizing the mandibular glands. Injection of three predicted synthetic peptides PK1/2/3 into aphids prior to ecdysis caused a molt-specific phenotype with altered head formation. Our study provides the most complete description to date of the potential protein composition of aphid stylets, which should improve the understanding of the transmission of stylet-borne viruses. First transcriptome of aphid retort glands and stylet cuticular protein composition A pyrokinin transcript is mandibular gland specific at the onset of adult moult Stylet cuticle is of higher protein complexity than other insect cuticles A new class of low-complexity cuticular proteins is predicted
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Guschinskaya
- Insa de Lyon, UMR5240 MAP CNRS-UCBL, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; Université de Lyon
| | - Denis Ressnikoff
- CIQLE, Centre d'imagerie Quantitative Lyon-Est, UCB Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon
| | | | | | - Philippe Bulet
- Platform BioPark Archamps, Archamps, France; CR University of Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Marilyne Uzest
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Yvan Rahbé
- Insa de Lyon, UMR5240 MAP CNRS-UCBL, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France; Université de Lyon.
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13
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Yang F, Li X, Li S, Xiang J, Li F. A novel cuticle protein involved in WSSV infection to the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:103491. [PMID: 31494218 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As the most productive crustacean species in aquaculture, Litopenaeus vannamei is seriously threatened by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which has caused huge economic damage in the past decades. Shrimp cuticle proteins are the important components in the frontier target tissues, including cuticle and the chitinous lining of the digestive tract. In present study, a novel cuticle protein gene, named LvCPAP1, was isolated and demonstrated to play an important role in WSSV infection. The deduced amino acid sequence of LvCPAP1 contained a signal peptide and a conserved chitin-binding domain type 2 (ChBD2). Tissue distribution analysis revealed that LvCPAP1 was predominantly expressed in epidermis and stomach. The transcription levels of LvCPAP1 in epidermis and stomach were significantly regulated upon WSSV challenge. DsRNA silencing of LvCPAP1 decreased the in vivo WSSV copy numbers and the death rate of shrimp after WSSV infection, indicating that LvCPAP1 might facilitate WSSV invasion. In addition, the interaction between LvCPAP1 and the major envelop protein VP24 of WSSV was revealed by yeast two-hybrid system and further confirmed by dot blot and pull-down assays. The present study implied that cuticle protein LvCPAP1 might favor the entry process of WSSV, which provided new clues for understanding the role of cuticle proteins during virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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14
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Carr JP, Tungadi T, Donnelly R, Bravo-Cazar A, Rhee SJ, Watt LG, Mutuku JM, Wamonje FO, Murphy AM, Arinaitwe W, Pate AE, Cunniffe NJ, Gilligan CA. Modelling and manipulation of aphid-mediated spread of non-persistently transmitted viruses. Virus Res 2019; 277:197845. [PMID: 31874210 PMCID: PMC6996281 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aphids vector many plant viruses in a non-persistent manner i.e., virus particles bind loosely to the insect mouthparts (stylet). This means that acquisition of virus particles from infected plants, and inoculation of uninfected plants by viruliferous aphids, are rapid processes that require only brief probes of the plant's epidermal cells. Virus infection alters plant biochemistry, which causes changes in emission of volatile organic compounds and altered accumulation of nutrients and defence compounds in host tissues. These virus-induced biochemical changes can influence the migration, settling and feeding behaviours of aphids. Working mainly with cucumber mosaic virus and several potyviruses, a number of research groups have noted that in some plants, virus infection engenders resistance to aphid settling (sometimes accompanied by emission of deceptively attractive volatiles, that can lead to exploratory penetration by aphids without settling). However, in certain other hosts, virus infection renders plants more susceptible to aphid colonisation. It has been suggested that induction of resistance to aphid settling encourages transmission of non-persistently transmitted viruses, while induction of susceptibility to settling retards transmission. However, recent mathematical modelling indicates that both virus-induced effects contribute to epidemic development at different scales. We have also investigated at the molecular level the processes leading to induction, by cucumber mosaic virus, of feeding deterrence versus susceptibility to aphid infestation. Both processes involve complex interactions between specific viral proteins and host factors, resulting in manipulation or suppression of the plant's immune networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Carr
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK.
| | - Trisna Tungadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Ruairí Donnelly
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Ana Bravo-Cazar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Sun-Ju Rhee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Lewis G Watt
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - J Musembi Mutuku
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Francis O Wamonje
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK; International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Alex M Murphy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Warren Arinaitwe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Adrienne E Pate
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Nik J Cunniffe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
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15
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Khelifa M. Detection and Quantification of Potato virus Y Genomes in Single Aphid Stylets. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:2315-2321. [PMID: 31322977 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-19-0398-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Typically, the detection of a plant virus within its vector is carried out on the entire insect body. This process can be a possible source of confusion in the quantification of transmissible virus particles for styletborne viruses such as Potato virus Y (PVY), since the transmissible virus fraction is the one only retained in the aphid vector's mouthparts. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the quantitative PCR method for the detection and quantification of PVY in the vector's stylet. Using a specific method based on TaqMan chemistry with higher sensitivity than conventional reverse transcription PCR, this study reveals that a significant amount of the virus is enclosed within the dissected stylets of Myzus persicae. Because this quantification only concerns the portion of the virus attached to the stylets, uniformity was observed in the recorded numbers of virus targets. This novel assay is applicable to several PVY strains as a rapid and sensitive detection method for use in PVY research and offers a convenient tool for deciphering the mechanism of Potyvirus acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khelifa
- Fédération Nationale des Producteurs de Plants de Pomme de Terre/ Recherche, Développement et Promotion du Plant de Pomme de Terre (FN3PT/RD3PT), 75008 Paris, France
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France
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16
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Guo H, Gu L, Liu F, Chen F, Ge F, Sun Y. Aphid-borne Viral Spread Is Enhanced by Virus-induced Accumulation of Plant Reactive Oxygen Species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 179:143-155. [PMID: 30381318 PMCID: PMC6324229 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Most known plant viruses are spread from plant to plant by insect vectors. There is strong evidence that nonpersistently transmitted viruses manipulate the release of plant volatiles to attract insect vectors, thereby promoting virus spread. The mechanisms whereby aphid settling and feeding is altered on plants infected with these viruses, however, are unclear. Here we employed loss-of-function mutations in cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and one of its host plants, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), to elucidate such mechanisms. We show that, relative to a CMVΔ2b strain with a deletion of the viral suppressor of RNAi 2b protein in CMV, plants infected with wild-type CMV produce higher concentrations of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) H2O2 in plant tissues. Aphids on wild-type CMV-infected plants engage in shorter probes, less phloem feeding, and exhibit other changes, as detected by electrical penetration graphing technology, relative to CMVΔ2b-infected plants. Therefore, the frequency of virus acquisition and the virus load per aphid were greater on CMV-infected plants than on CMVΔ2b-infected plants. Aphids also moved away from initial feeding sites more frequently on wild-type CMV infected versus CMVΔ2b-infected plants. The role of H2O2 in eliciting these effects on aphids was corroborated using healthy plants infused with H2O2 Finally, H2O2 levels were not elevated, and aphid behavior was unchanged, on CMV-infected RbohD-silenced tobacco plants, which are deficient in the induction of ROS production. These results suggest that CMV uses its viral suppressor of RNAi protein to increase plant ROS levels, thereby enhancing its acquisition and transmission by vector insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fanqi Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fajun Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yucheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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17
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Deshoux M, Monsion B, Uzest M. Insect cuticular proteins and their role in transmission of phytoviruses. Curr Opin Virol 2018; 33:137-143. [PMID: 30245214 PMCID: PMC6291435 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cuticular proteins play key roles in plant virus transmission. RR-1 and RR-2 are the main cuticular proteins involved in virus–vector interactions. RR-1 protein is involved in transmission of a noncirculative virus. RR-1 protein is involved in transmission of a circulative virus. The role of other cuticular proteins in virus transmission is poorly characterized.
Many viruses of agricultural importance are transmitted to host plants via insect vectors. Characterizing virus–vector interactions at the molecular level is essential if we are to fully understand the transmission mechanisms involved and develop new strategies to control viral spread. Hitherto, insect proteins involved in virus transmission have been characterized only poorly. Recent advances in this topic, however, have significantly filled this knowledge gap. Among the vector molecules identified, cuticular proteins have emerged as key molecules for plant virus transmission, regardless of transmission mode or vector considered. Here, we review recent evidence highlighting that the CPR family, and particularly RR-1 proteins, undoubtedly deserves special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Deshoux
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marilyne Uzest
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.
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18
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Webster CG, Pichon E, van Munster M, Monsion B, Deshoux M, Gargani D, Calevro F, Jimenez J, Moreno A, Krenz B, Thompson JR, Perry KL, Fereres A, Blanc S, Uzest M. Identification of Plant Virus Receptor Candidates in the Stylets of Their Aphid Vectors. J Virol 2018; 92:e00432-18. [PMID: 29769332 PMCID: PMC6026765 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00432-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant viruses transmitted by insects cause tremendous losses in most important crops around the world. The identification of receptors of plant viruses within their insect vectors is a key challenge to understanding the mechanisms of transmission and offers an avenue for future alternative control strategies to limit viral spread. We here report the identification of two cuticular proteins within aphid mouthparts, and we provide experimental support for the role of one of them in the transmission of a noncirculative virus. These two proteins, named Stylin-01 and Stylin-02, belong to the RR-1 cuticular protein subfamily and are highly conserved among aphid species. Using an immunolabeling approach, they were localized in the maxillary stylets of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, in the acrostyle, an organ earlier shown to harbor receptors of a noncirculative virus. A peptide motif present at the C termini of both Stylin-01 and Stylin-02 is readily accessible all over the surface of the acrostyle. Competition for in vitro binding to the acrostyle was observed between an antibody targeting this peptide and the helper component protein P2 of Cauliflower mosaic virus Furthermore, silencing the stylin-01 but not stylin-02 gene through RNA interference decreased the efficiency of Cauliflower mosaic virus transmission by Myzus persicae These results identify the first cuticular proteins ever reported within arthropod mouthparts and distinguish Stylin-01 as the best candidate receptor for the aphid transmission of noncirculative plant viruses.IMPORTANCE Most noncirculative plant viruses transmitted by insect vectors bind to their mouthparts. They are acquired and inoculated within seconds when insects hop from plant to plant. The receptors involved remain totally elusive due to a long-standing technical bottleneck in working with insect cuticle. Here we characterize the role of the two first cuticular proteins ever identified in arthropod mouthparts. A domain of these proteins is directly accessible at the surface of the cuticle of the acrostyle, an organ at the tip of aphid stylets. The acrostyle has been shown to bind a plant virus, and we consistently demonstrated that one of the identified proteins is involved in viral transmission. Our findings provide an approach to identify proteins in insect mouthparts and point at an unprecedented gene candidate for a plant virus receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig G Webster
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elodie Pichon
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Manuella van Munster
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Baptiste Monsion
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Maëlle Deshoux
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Gargani
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Federica Calevro
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, INRA, BF2I, UMR0203, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jaime Jimenez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Moreno
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Björn Krenz
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy R Thompson
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Keith L Perry
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stéphane Blanc
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Marilyne Uzest
- BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey C. Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hsin-Yu Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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