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Chen Z, Wen S, Shen J, Wang J, Liu W, Jin X. Composition and diversity of the gut microbiota across different life stages of American cockroach ( Periplaneta americana). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 113:787-793. [PMID: 38037350 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Periplaneta americana, one of the most widely distributed insects all over the world, can survive and reproduce in harsh environment which may be closely related to the critical roles of intestinal microorganisms in its multiple physiological functions. However, the composition and structure of gut microbiota throughout different life stages and its effects on the strong resilient and environmental adaptability of P. americana remain unclear. In this study, the gut microbiota across life stages including ootheca (embryos), nymph and adult of P. americana were investigated by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Multivariate statistical analysis showed the richness and diversity of bacterial communities were significantly different among ootheca, nymph and adult stage of P. americana. Taxonomic analysis showed Blattabacterium was the dominant genus in bacterial community of ootheca while the nutrient absorption-related genera including Christensenellaceae and Ruminococcaceae showed high relative abundance in nymph samples. Moreover, functional prediction analysis showed the metabolic categories in ootheca might have more influence on the basic life activities of the host than improved production and viability, while it was more associated to the society activities, reproduction and development of host in nymph and adult. It was suggested that the gut microbiota in each life stage might meet the requirements for environmental adaptability and survival of P. americana via transforming the composition and structure with specific metabolic capabilities. Overall, these results provided a novel sight to better understand the strong vitality and adaptability throughout life stages of P. americana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Sihao Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Juan Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaobao Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
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Gul H, Gadratagi BG, Güncan A, Tyagi S, Ullah F, Desneux N, Liu X. Fitness costs of resistance to insecticides in insects. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1238111. [PMID: 37929209 PMCID: PMC10620942 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1238111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical application is considered one of the most crucial methods for controlling insect pests, especially in intensive farming practices. Owing to the chemical application, insect pests are exposed to toxic chemical insecticides along with other stress factors in the environment. Insects require energy and resources for survival and adaptation to cope with these conditions. Also, insects use behavioral, physiological, and genetic mechanisms to combat stressors, like new environments, which may include chemicals insecticides. Sometimes, the continuous selection pressure of insecticides is metabolically costly, which leads to resistance development through constitutive upregulation of detoxification genes and/or target-site mutations. These actions are costly and can potentially affect the biological traits, including development and reproduction parameters and other key variables that ultimately affect the overall fitness of insects. This review synthesizes published in-depth information on fitness costs induced by insecticide resistance in insect pests in the past decade. It thereby highlights the insecticides resistant to insect populations that might help design integrated pest management (IPM) programs for controlling the spread of resistant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Gul
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Basana Gowda Gadratagi
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Ali Güncan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Saniya Tyagi
- Department of Entomology, BRD PG College, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Farman Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xiaoxia Liu
- MARA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Adedara IA, Mohammed KA, Da-Silva OF, Salaudeen FA, Gonçalves FL, Rosemberg DB, Aschner M, Rocha JBT, Farombi EO. Utility of cockroach as a model organism in the assessment of toxicological impacts of environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2022; 8:100195. [PMID: 35992224 PMCID: PMC9390120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a global concern because of its associated risks to human health and ecosystem. The bio-monitoring of environmental health has attracted much attention in recent years and efforts to minimize environmental contamination as well as to delineate toxicological mechanisms related to toxic exposure are essential to improve the health conditions of both humans and animals. This review aims to substantiate the need and advantages in utilizing cockroaches as a complementary, non-mammalian model to further understand the noxious impact of environmental contaminants on humans and animals. We discuss recent advances in neurotoxicology, immunotoxicology, reproductive and developmental toxicology, environmental forensic entomotoxicology, and environmental toxicology that corroborate the utility of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana, Blaptica dubia, Blattella germanica and Nauphoeta cinerea) in addressing toxicological mechanisms as well as a sensor of environmental pollution. Indeed, recent improvements in behavioural assessment and the detection of potential biomarkers allow for the recognition of phenotypic alterations in cockroaches following exposure to toxic chemicals namely saxitoxin, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, electromagnetic fields, pharmaceuticals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, chemical warfare agents and nanoparticles. The review provides a state-of-the-art update on the current utility of cockroach models in various aspects of toxicology as well as discusses the potential limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A. Adedara
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Corresponding author. (I.A. Adedara)
| | - Khadija A. Mohammed
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatobiloba F. Da-Silva
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Faoziyat A. Salaudeen
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Falco L.S. Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Denis B. Rosemberg
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine Forchheimer 209; 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, U.S.A
| | - Joao B. T. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ebenezer O. Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Yang ZL, Seitz F, Grabe V, Nietzsche S, Richter A, Reichelt M, Beutel R, Beran F. Rapid and Selective Absorption of Plant Defense Compounds From the Gut of a Sequestering Insect. Front Physiol 2022; 13:846732. [PMID: 35309070 PMCID: PMC8928188 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.846732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Many herbivorous insects exploit defense compounds produced by their host plants for protection against predators. Ingested plant defense compounds are absorbed via the gut epithelium and stored in the body, a physiological process that is currently not well understood. Here, we investigated the absorption of plant defense compounds from the gut in the horseradish flea beetle, Phyllotreta armoraciae, a specialist herbivore known to selectively sequester glucosinolates from its brassicaceous host plants. Feeding experiments using a mixture of glucosinolates and other glucosides not found in the host plants showed a rapid and selective uptake of glucosinolates in adult beetles. In addition, we provide evidence that this uptake mainly takes place in the foregut, whereas the endodermal midgut is the normal region of absorption. Absorption via the foregut epithelium is surprising as the apical membrane is covered by a chitinous intima. However, we could show that this cuticular layer differs in its structure and overall thickness between P. armoraciae and a non-sequestering leaf beetle. In P. armoraciae, we observed a thinner cuticle with a less dense chitinous matrix, which might facilitate glucosinolate absorption. Our results show that a selective and rapid uptake of glucosinolates from the anterior region of the gut contributes to the selective sequestration of glucosinolates in P. armoraciae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ling Yang
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabian Seitz
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Veit Grabe
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Sandor Nietzsche
- Elektronenmikroskopisches Zentrum, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Adrian Richter
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Rolf Beutel
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Franziska Beran
- Research Group Sequestration and Detoxification in Insects, Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Franziska Beran,
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Characterization and functional analysis of Cshsp19.0 encoding a small heat shock protein in Chilo suppressalis (Walker). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:924-931. [PMID: 34352319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) function as ATP-independent chaperones that preserve cellular proteostasis under stressful conditions. In this study, Cshsp19.0, which encodes a new small heat shock protein, was isolated and characterized from Chilo suppressalis (Walker) to better understand the contribution of sHSPs to insect development and stress tolerance. The full-length Cshsp19.0 cDNA was 697 bp and encoded a 19.0 kDa protein with an isoelectric point of 5.95. Phylogenetic analysis and amino acid alignments indicated that Cshsp19.0 is a member of the sHSP family. Cshsp19.0 was expressed at maximal levels in foreguts and showed the least amount of expression in fat bodies. Expression analysis in different developmental stages of C. suppressalis revealed that Cshsp19.0 was most highly expressed in 1st instar larvae. Furthermore, Cshsp19.0 was upregulated when insects were exposed to heat and cold stress for a 2-h period. There were significant differences in the male and female pupae in response to humidity; Cshsp19.0 expression increased in male pupae as RH increased, whereas the inverse pattern was observed in female pupae. Larvae exhibited a lower rate of survival when Cshsp19.0 was silenced by a nanomaterial-promoted RNAi method. The results confirm that Cshsp19.0 functions to increase environmental stress tolerance and regulates physiological activities in C. suppressalis.
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Qi H, Liu T, Lu Q, Yang Q. Molecular Insights into the Insensitivity of Lepidopteran Pests to Cycloxaprid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:982-988. [PMID: 31909997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cycloxaprid (CYC) is effective in the control of hemipteran pests, but its bioactivity against lepidopteran pests is still unclear. Here, the bioactivity of CYC against lepidopteran pests was found to be much worse than that against hemipteran insects. To reveal the mechanism, the transcriptomes of CYC-treated and untreated Ostrinia furnacalis larvae were compared. Among the top 20 differentially expressed genes, 11 encode proteins involved in cuticle formation, while only one encodes a detoxifying enzyme. Thus, the cuticle appears to be important for the insensitivity of O. furnacalis to CYC. A pretreatment of O. furnacalis larvae with methoprene enhanced the bioactivity of CYC by 1.12-fold. Moreover, mixtures of CYC with graphene oxide increased the bioactivity of CYC by 1.88-fold. Because lepidopteran and hemipteran insects often harm crops at the same time, the work can help make full use of CYC and reduce the environmental impacts of using multiple pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitang Qi
- School of Bioengineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Tian Liu
- School of Bioengineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Qiong Lu
- School of Bioengineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Bioengineering , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
- Institute of Plant Protection , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193 , China
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