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He WS, Wang Q, Zhao L, Li J, Li J, Wei N, Chen G. Nutritional composition, health-promoting effects, bioavailability, and encapsulation of tree peony seed oil: a review. Food Funct 2023; 14:10265-10285. [PMID: 37929791 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Tree peony is cultivated worldwide in large quantities due to its exceptional ornamental and medicinal value. In recent years, the edible value of tree peony seed oil (TPSO) has garnered significant attention for its high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, >40%) and other beneficial minor components, including phytosterols, tocopherols, squalene, and phenolics. This review provides a systematic summary of the nutritional composition and health-promoting effects of TPSO, with a specific focus on its digestion, absorption, bioavailability, and encapsulation status. Additionally, information on techniques for extracting and identifying adulteration of TPSO, as well as its commercial applications and regulated policies, is included. Thanks to its unique nutrients, TPSO offers a wide range of health benefits, such as hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities, and regulation of the intestinal microbiota. Consequently, TPSO shows promising potential in the food and cosmetic industries and should be cultivated in more countries. However, the application of TPSO is hindered by its low bioavailability, poor stability, and limited water dispersibility. Therefore, it is crucial to develop effective delivery strategies, such as microencapsulation and emulsion, to overcome these limitations. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the nutritional value of TPSO and emphasizes the need for further research on its nutrition and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sen He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liying Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jie Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Na Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Zheng Y, Li P, Shen J, Yang K, Wu X, Wang Y, Yuan YH, Xiao P, He C. Comprehensive comparison of different parts of Paeonia ostii, a food-medicine plant, based on untargeted metabolomics, quantitative analysis, and bioactivity analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1243724. [PMID: 37711307 PMCID: PMC10497777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1243724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Paeonia ostii T. Hong & J.X. Zhang (s.s.) (Chinese name, Fengdan) is a widely cultivated food-medicine plant in China, in which root bark, seed kernels, and flowers are utilized for their medicinal and edible values. However, other parts of the plant are not used efficiently, in part due to a poor understanding of their chemical composition and potential biological activity. Methods Untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) metabolomics was applied to characterize the metabolic profiles of 10 different parts of P. ostii. Results and discussion A total of 160 metabolites were alternatively identified definitely or tentatively, which were significantly different in various plant parts by multivariate statistical analysis. Quantitative analysis showed that underutilized plant parts also contain many active ingredients. Compared with the medicinal part of root bark, the root core part still contains a higher content of paeoniflorin (17.60 ± 0.06 mg/g) and PGG (15.50 ± 2.00 mg/g). Petals, as an edible part, contain high levels of quercitrin, and stamens have higher methyl gallate and PGG. Unexpectedly, the ovary has the highest content of methyl gallate and rather high levels of PGG (38.14 ± 1.27 mg/g), and it also contains surprisingly high concentrations of floralalbiflorin I. Paeoniflorin (38.68 ± 0.76 mg/g) is the most abundant in leaves, and the content is even higher than in the root bark. Branches are also rich in a variety of catechin derivatives and active ingredients such as hydrolyzable tannins. Seed kernels also contain fairly high levels of paeoniflorin and albiflorin. Fruit shells still contain a variety of components, although not at high levels. Seed coats, as by-products removed from peony seeds before oil extraction, have high contents of stilbenes, such as trans-gnetin H and suffruticosol B, showing significant potential for exploitation. Except for the seed kernels, extracts obtained from other parts exhibited good antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays (0.09-1.52 mmol TE/g). Five compounds (gallic acid, PGG, trans-resveratrol, kaempferol, and quercitrin) were important ingredients that contributed to their antioxidant activities. Furthermore, P. ostii seed cakes were first reported to possess agonistic activity toward CB1/CB2 receptors. This study provides a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of P. ostii plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-he Yuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunnian He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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He WS, Wang Q, Li Z, Li J, Zhao L, Li J, Tan C, Gong F. Enhancing the Stability and Bioaccessibility of Tree Peony Seed Oil Using Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembling Bilayer Emulsions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051128. [PMID: 37237994 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tree peony seed oil (TPSO) is an important plant source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (α-linolenic acid, ALA > 40%) that is receiving increasing attention for its excellent antioxidant and other activities. However, it has poor stability and bioavailability. In this study, a bilayer emulsion of TPSO was successfully prepared using a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. Among the proteins and polysaccharides examined, whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium alginate (SA) were found to be the most suitable wall materials. The prepared bilayer emulsion contained 5% TPSO, 0.45% whey protein isolate (WPI) and 0.5% sodium alginate (SA) under selected conditions and its zeta potential, droplet size, and polydispersity index were -31 mV, 1291 nm, and 27%, respectively. The loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency for TPSO were up to 84% and 90.2%, respectively. It was noteworthy that the bilayer emulsion showed significantly enhanced oxidative stability (peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content) compared to the monolayer emulsion, which was accompanied by a more ordered spatial structure caused by the electrostatic interaction of the WPI with the SA. This bilayer emulsion also exhibited markedly improved environmental stability (pH, metal ion), rheological properties, and physical stability during storage. Furthermore, the bilayer emulsion was more easily digested and absorbed, and had higher fatty acid release rate and ALA bioaccessibility than TPSO alone and the physical mixtures. These results suggest that bilayer emulsion containing WPI and SA is an effective TPSO encapsulation system and has significant potential for future functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sen He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhishuo Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Liying Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fayong Gong
- Panxi Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China
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MA Y, BAO H, WU X, LI X, YAN H, DONG W. Study on sensory properties and efficacy evaluation of whole wheat biscuits supplemented with peony seed oil and chia seed. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.001623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenbin DONG
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, China
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5
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Deng R, Gao J, Yi J, Liu P. Could peony seeds oil become a high-quality edible vegetable oil? The nutritional and phytochemistry profiles, extraction, health benefits, safety and value-added-products. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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6
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Zhang Y, Luo J, Zeng F. Volatile composition analysis of tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) seed oil and the effect of oxidation during storage. J Food Sci 2021; 86:3467-3479. [PMID: 34190350 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC.) seed oil is a novel vegetable oil with unique aromatic profile. The objectives of this study were to characterize the volatile compounds with optimized analysis conditions, and to study the effects of oxidation during storage. The Headspace Solid-phase Micro-extraction (HS-SPME) conditions were optimized with factors including extraction fiber, extraction time and temperature, as well as sample amount and desorption time. Then, the aromatic compounds extracted from peony seed oil were determined using the odor activity value (OAV) method coupled with the GC-olfactometry. Results found that the best HS-SPME conditions were DVB/CAR/PDMS fibers with magnetic stirring for 50 min of extraction at 60°C. The optimal sample amount was 4 g with 6 min of desorption. Forty-one volatile components were found, and 19 aromatic components were identified using GC-MS and GC-olfactometry. This is the first study to describe 4,7-dimethylbenzofuran in peony seed oil with a unique aroma of grass, light bitter, and fragrance. The stability of alcohol and terpenoids decreased as accelerated oxidation progresses. This study provides the theoretical basis for the sensory attributes, and shelf-life of peony seeds oil products for industry production and marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,National Teaching Demonstration Center of Food Science and Engineering of Southwest University, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Luo
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fankun Zeng
- School of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
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7
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Wang H, Xin Y, Ma H, Fang P, Li C, Wan X, He Z, Jia J, Ling Z. Rapid detection of Chinese-specific peony seed oil by using confocal Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. Food Chem 2021; 362:130041. [PMID: 34087711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peony seed oil (PSO) is a new woody nut oil which is unique to China. Its unsaturated fatty acids are over 90% and are rich in α - linolenic acid. Although the PSO industry is in its infancy, it is bound to become a top vegetable oil food material because of its own advantages. The potential high commercial profit of its adulteration with cheap vegetable oil will be an important factor hindering the healthy development of PSO industry. It is of great significance to study the adulteration of PSO for preventing large-scale adulteration. In this study, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of PSO was realised based on Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics analysis, and the fatty acid composition of PSO was analysed according to Raman characteristic peaks. The technology can be applied to routine analysis and quality control of PSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongpeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.
| | - Yingjian Xin
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huanzhen Ma
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peipei Fang
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.
| | - Zhiping He
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China.
| | - Jianjun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China; Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, Shanghai 201315, China.
| | - Zongcheng Ling
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, School of Space Science and Physics, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
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8
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Chang M, Wang Z, Zhang T, Wang T, Liu R, Wang Y, Jin Q, Wang X. Characterization of fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phytosterols and tocopherols in peony seed oil from five different major areas in China. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Bai ZZ, Ni J, Tang JM, Sun DY, Yan ZG, Zhang J, Niu LX, Zhang YL. Bioactive components, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Paeonia rockii fruit during development. Food Chem 2020; 343:128444. [PMID: 33131958 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In last ten years, much attention focused on tree peony fruit (TPF) for edible oil production despite other potential utilization. The present study identified and quantified 29 bioactive components by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QqQ-MS) targeted approach during the development of TPF. Trans-resveratrol, benzoic acid, luteolin, and methyl gallate were selected as predominant chemical markers between seeds and pods through principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Extremely high levels of paeoniflorin (1893 mg/100 g) and trans-resveratrol (1793 mg/100 g) were observed at stage 2 (S2) and S6 in seeds, respectively. Antioxidant activities determined by ABTS+•, DPPH•, and FRAP assays showed significant correlations with total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The strongest antibacterial effects of pod and seed against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris occurred at initial stages and maturation stages. TPF could be a potential source of bioactive compounds with functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Zhen Bai
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Ni
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jun-Man Tang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dao-Yang Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li-Xin Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yan-Long Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; National Engineering Technology Research Center for Oil Peony, Yangling 712100, China.
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10
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Abstract
Tree peony is a deciduous shrub endemic to China, and peony seed oil (PSO) is an important plant oil resource. However, at present, pruning and fruits harvesting of oil tree peony are mainly completed by manual work, which has seriously affected production efficiency. By the need to develop efficient pruning and harvesting equipment for oil tree peony, this study investigated the effect of cutting tool geometric parameters and cutting speed on cutting force and energy. A cutting device was set up, and six cutting tools with different blade angle and sliding-cutting angle were prepared for this research. Stems in different growth stages (anthesis and fructescence) were collected for cutting experiments. In this paper, four blade angles (25°, 30°, 35°, and 40°), three sliding-cutting angles (0°, 10°, and 20°), and four cutting speeds (25 mm/min, 50 mm/min, 100 mm/min, and 200 mm/min) were considered in the experiments. The results showed that cutting force and energy are positively related to blade angle, and the minimum cutting force and energy are required in cutting with 25° blade angle. Compared to straight cutting (sliding-cutting angle is 0°), sliding cutting can obviously reduce the cutting force and energy. Furthermore, the best sliding-cutting angles of cutting tools have discrepancies dependent on the stems in different growth stages. In fructescence, 10° sliding cutting required the lowest cutting force and energy. In contrast, the best sliding-cutting angle of stems in anthesis was 20°. On the other hand, the cutting force and energy were obviously proportional to the cutting speed, which increased by the cutting speed increasing. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring the cutting efficiency, reducing the cutting speed can effectively reduce the power consumption. These results are an important basis for pruning and harvesting machine development for oil tree peony.
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Integrated Profiling of Fatty Acids, Sterols and Phenolic Compounds in Tree and Herbaceous Peony Seed Oils: Marker Screening for New Resources of Vegetable Oil. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060770. [PMID: 32545196 PMCID: PMC7353516 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tree peonies (Paeonia ostii and Paeonia rockii) are popular ornamental plants. Moreover, these plants have become oil crops in recent years. However, there are limited compositional studies focused on fatty acids. Therefore, this work aims to reveal compositional characteristics, regarding fatty acids, sterols, γ-tocopherol and phenolic compounds, of tree peony seed oils from all major cultivation areas in China, and to compare with herbaceous peony seed oil. For that, an integrative analysis was performed by GC-FID, GC-MS and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS technologies. The main fatty acid was α-linolenic acid (39.0–48.3%), while β-sitosterol (1802.5–2793.7 mg/kg) and fucosterol (682.2–1225.1 mg/kg) were the dominant phytosterols. Importantly, 34 phenolic compounds, including paeonol and “Paeonia glycosides” (36.62–103.17 μg/g), were characterized in vegetable oils for the first time. Conclusively, this work gives new insights into the phytochemical composition of peony seed oil and reveals the presence of bioactive compounds, including “Paeonia glycosides”.
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Jin F, Xu J, Liu XR, Regenstein JM, Wang FJ. Roasted tree peony (Paeonia ostii) seed oil: Benzoic acid levels and physicochemical characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2019.1588902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ran Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | | | - Feng-Jun Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P. R. China
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Yan ZG, Xie LH, Wang N, Sun DY, Bai ZZ, Niu LX, Zhang YL, Ji XT. Phenotypic Characteristics and Fatty Acid Composition of Seeds from Different Herbaceous Peony Species Native to China. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1800589. [PMID: 30793831 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herbaceous peony has been widely cultivated in China due to its substantial ornamental and medicinal value. In the present study, the phenotypic characteristics, total fatty acid (FA) content, and nine FA compositions of herbaceous peony seeds from 14 populations belonging to six species and one subspecies were determined by normal test and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that the phenotypic characteristics of seeds varied dramatically among species. The concentrations of five major FAs in seed oils were as follows: linoleic acid (173.95-236.51 μg/mg), linolenic acid (227.82-302.71 μg/mg), oleic acid (135.32-208.81 μg/mg), stearic acid (6.52-11.7 μg/mg), and palmitic acid (30.67-47.64 μg/mg). Correlation analysis demonstrated that oleic acid had the highest partial correlation coefficient with total FAs and might be applied to develop a model of phenotypic characteristics. FAs were significantly influenced by the following environmental factors: latitude, elevation, and annual average temperature. Based on the FA levels in the seed oils, clustering analysis divided 14 populations into two clusters. It was found that the average contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and total FAs in cluster I (147.16 μg/mg, 200.31 μg/mg, and 671.24 μg/mg, respectively) were significantly lower than those in cluster II (196.65 μg/mg, 220.16 μg/mg, and 741.78 μg/mg, respectively). Cluster I was perfectly consistent with subsect. Foliolatae, while cluster II was in good agreement with subsect. Dissectifoliae. Therefore, the FA composition of wild herbaceous peony seed oil might be used as a chemotaxonomic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Guo Yan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hang Xie
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Dao-Yang Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Zhang-Zhen Bai
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Li-Xin Niu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Long Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong Ji
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, P. R. China
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Ren XX, Xue JQ, Wang SL, Xue YQ, Zhang P, Jiang HD, Zhang XX. Proteomic analysis of tree peony (Paeonia ostii 'Feng Dan') seed germination affected by low temperature. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 224-225:56-67. [PMID: 29597068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is a critical process that is influenced by various factors. In the present study, the effect of low temperature (4 °C) on tree peony seed germination was investigated. Compared to seeds maintained at 25 °C, germination was inhibited when seeds were kept at 4 °C. Furthermore, low-temperature exposure of seeds resulted in a delay in water uptake, starch degradation, and soluble sugar consumption and a subsequent increase in soluble protein levels. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) proteomic analysis identified 100 protein spots. Comparative analysis indicated that low-temperature exposure apparently mainly affected glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, while also significantly affecting proteometabolism-related factors. Moreover, low-temperature exposure led to the induction of abscisic acid, whereas the gibberellin pathway was not affected. Further comparison of the two temperature conditions showed that low-temperature exposure delays carbohydrate metabolism, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, respiration, and proteolysis and increases defense response factors. To further examine the obtained proteomic findings, four genes were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The obtained transcriptional results for the GAPC gene coincided with the translational results, thus further suggesting that the delay in glycolysis may play a key role in low-temperature-induced inhibition of seed germination. However, the other three genes examined, which included FPP synthase, PCNT115, and endochitinase, showed non-correlative transcriptional and translational profiles. Our results suggest that the exposure of tree peony seeds to low temperature results in a delay in the degradation of starch and other metabolites, which in turn affects glycolysis and some other processes, thereby ultimately inhibiting seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xia Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Qi Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qian Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Dong Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiu-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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