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Okamura T, Hamaguchi M, Kobayashi G, Ichikawa T, Hasegawa Y, Miyoshi T, Senmaru T, Nakanishi N, Sasano R, Fukui M. A multi-omics approach to overeating and inactivity-induced muscle atrophy in db/db mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 39001701 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overeating and inactivity are associated with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate its pathological basis using integrated omics and db/db/mice, a model representing this condition. METHODS The study involved housing 8-week-old db/m and db/db mice for 8 weeks. Various analyses were conducted, including gene expression in skeletal muscle and small intestine using next-generation sequencing; cytokine arrays of serum; assessment of metabolites in skeletal muscle, stool, and serum; and analysis of the gut microbiota. Histone modifications in small intestinal epithelial cells were profiled using CUT&Tag. RESULTS Compared with db/m mice, db/db mice had 22.4% lower grip strength and approximately five times the visceral fat weight (P < 0.0001). Serum cytokine arrays showed a 2.8-fold relative concentration of VEGF-A in db/db mice (P < 0.0001) and lower concentrations of several other cytokines. mRNA sequencing revealed downregulation of Myh expression in skeletal muscle, upregulation of lipid and glucose transporters, and downregulation of amino acid transporters in the small intestine of db/db/mice. The concentrations of saturated fatty acids in skeletal muscle were significantly higher, and the levels of essential amino acids were lower in db/db mice. Analysis of the gut microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing, revealed lower levels of the phylum Bacteroidetes (59.7% vs. 44.9%) and higher levels of the phylum Firmicutes (20.9% vs. 31.4%) in db/db mice (P = 0.003). The integrated signal of histone modifications of lipid and glucose transporters was higher, while the integrated signal of histone modifications of amino acid transporters was lower in the db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS The multi-omics approach provided insights into the epigenomic alterations in the small intestine, suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of inactivity-induced muscle atrophy in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Okamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahide Hamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Genki Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ichikawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Hasegawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Miyoshi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kyoto Okamoto Memorial Hospital, Kuze, Japan
| | - Takafumi Senmaru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakanishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
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Ha S, Wong VWS, Zhang X, Yu J. Interplay between gut microbiome, host genetic and epigenetic modifications in MASLD and MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-332398. [PMID: 38950910 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of liver injuries, ranging from hepatic steatosis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis to MASLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (MASLD-HCC). Recent studies have highlighted the bidirectional impacts between host genetics/epigenetics and the gut microbial community. Host genetics influence the composition of gut microbiome, while the gut microbiota and their derived metabolites can induce host epigenetic modifications to affect the development of MASLD. The exploration of the intricate relationship between the gut microbiome and the genetic/epigenetic makeup of the host is anticipated to yield promising avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting MASLD and its associated conditions. In this review, we summarise the effects of gut microbiome, host genetics and epigenetic alterations in MASLD and MASLD-HCC. We further discuss research findings demonstrating the bidirectional impacts between gut microbiome and host genetics/epigenetics, emphasising the significance of this interconnection in MASLD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suki Ha
- 1Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- 1Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- 1Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- 1Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Duan Y, Guo F, Li C, Xiang D, Gong M, Yi H, Chen L, Yan L, Zhang D, Dai L, Liu X, Wang Z. Aqueous extract of fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaves alleviates hyperlipidemia by maintaining gut homeostasis and modulating metabolism in high-fat diet fed rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155291. [PMID: 38518640 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, the lipid-lowing biological potential of Eucommia ulmoides leaves (EL) has been demonstrated. After fermentation, the EL have been made into various products with lipid-lowering effects and antioxidant activity. However, the anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism of fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaves (FEL) is unclear now. PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of FEL on hyperlipidemia and investigate the mechanism based on regulating gut homeostasis and host metabolism. METHODS Hyperlipidemia animal model in Wistar rats was established after 8 weeks high-fat diet (HFD) fed. The administered doses of aqueous extract of FEL (FELE) were 128, 256 and 512 mg/kg/d, respectively. Serum biochemical parameters detection, histopathological sections analysis, 16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota and untargeted fecal metabolomics analysis, were performed to determine the therapeutic effects and predict related pathways of FELE on hyperlipidemia. The changes of proteins and genes elated to lipid were detected by Immunofluorescence (IF) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS 56 Components in FELE were identified by UPLC-MS, with organic acids, flavonoids and phenolic acids accounting for the majority. The intervention of FELE significantly reduced the body weight, lipid accumulation and the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in hyperlipidemia rats, while increased the level of High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Meanwhile, FELE improved the inflammatory makers and oxidative stress factors, which is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). These results demonstrated that FETE can effectively reduce blood lipids and alleviate inflammation and oxidative damage caused by hyperlipidemia. Mechanistically, FELE restore the homeostasis of gut microbiota by reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of probiotics, especially Lactobacillus, Rombousia, Bacteroides, Roseburia, Clostridia_UCG-014_Unclassified, while modulated metabolism through amino acid, bile acid and lipid-related metabolism pathways. In addition, the Pearson correlation analysis found that the upregulated bilirubin, threonine, dopamine and downregulated lipocholic acid, d-sphingosine were key metabolites after FELE intervention. IF and qRT-PCR analysis showed that FELE upregulated the expression of fatty acid oxidation proteins and genes (PPARα, CPT1A), bile acid synthesis and excretion proteins and genes (LXRα, CYP7A1, FXR), and downregulated the expression of adipogenic gene (SREBP-1c) by regulating gut microbiota to improve metabolism and exert a lipid-lowering effect. CONCLUSION This work filled the lipid-lowering mechanism gap of FEL. FELE can improve HFD-induced hyperlipidemia by regulating the gut microbiota homeostasis and metabolism. Thus, FEL has the potential to develop into the novel raw material of lipid-lowering drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Duan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fengqian Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dinghua Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Man Gong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Hong Yi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liangmian Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lihua Yan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Lu M, Feng R, Li M, Liu L, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Yin C. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and childhood obesity: A Mendelian randomization study and case-control study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 63:197-206. [PMID: 38963766 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota and obesity are deeply interconnected. However, the causality in the relationship between these factors remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the genetic relationship between gut microbiota and childhood obesity. METHODS Genetic summary statistics for the gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data for childhood obesity were obtained from North American, Australian, and European collaborative genome-wide meta-analyses. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using the inverse variance weighting method. 16 children with obesity and 16 without obesity were included for clinical observation, and their weight, body mass index, blood lipid levels, and gut microbiology were assessed. Paired t-test was the primary method of data analysis, and statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS MR identified 16 causal relationships between the gut microbiome and childhood obesity. In the case-control study, we found that five gut microorganisms differed between children with and without obesity, whereas three gut microorganisms changed after weight loss in children with obesity. CONCLUSION Our study provides new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying gut microbiota and childhood obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2300072179. NAME OF REGISTRY Change of intestinal flora and plasma metabolome in obese children and their weight loss intervention: a randomized controlled tria URL OF REGISTRY: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html. DATE OF REGISTRATION 2023-06-06. DATE OF ENROLMENT OF THE FIRST PARTICIPANT TO THE TRIAL 2023-06-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Ruoyang Feng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Jiaotong University HongHui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Lujie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China
| | - Yanfeng Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Yuesheng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Chunyan Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710054, China.
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Yi C, Chen J, She X. The emerging role of the gut virome in necrotizing enterocolitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30496. [PMID: 38711648 PMCID: PMC11070903 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates, particularly preterm infants. Many factors can lead to NEC, but microbial dysbiosis is one of the most important risk factors that can induce this disease. Given the major role of the gut virome in shaping bacterial homeostasis, virome research is a fledgling but rapidly evolving area in the field of microbiome that is increasingly connected to human diseases, including NEC. This review provides an overview of the development of the gut virome in newborns, discusses its emerging role in NEC, and explores promising therapeutic applications, including phage therapy and fecal virome transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Xiang She
- Department of Pediatrics, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, 621000, China
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6
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Cai Y, Deng W, Yang Q, Pan G, Liang Z, Yang X, Li S, Xiao X. High-fat diet-induced obesity causes intestinal Th17/Treg imbalance that impairs the intestinal barrier and aggravates anxiety-like behavior in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111783. [PMID: 38514921 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been steadily increasing, and growing evidence suggests a link between high-fat diet (HFD), obesity, and ASD; however, the mechanism underlying this association remains elusive. Herein, BTBR T + tf/J (BTBR) inbred mice (a mouse ASD model) and C57Bl/6J (C57) mice were fed an HFD and normal diet (ND) for 8 weeks (groups: C57 + ND, C57 + HFD, BTBR + ND, and BTBR + HFD). Subsequently, mice underwent behavioral assessments, followed by intestinal tissues harvesting to detect expression of intestinal barrier proteins and inflammatory factors and immune cell numbers, and a correlation analysis. HFD-fed BTBR mice developed obesity, elevated blood sugar, significantly aggravated anxiety-like behaviors, impaired intestinal barrier function, intestinal inflammation with elevated CD4+IL17+ T (Th17) cells and reduced CD4+Foxp3+ T (Treg) cells, exhibiting reduced expression of proteins related to AMPK regulatory pathway (AMPK, p-AMPK, SIRT1). Correlation analysis revealed that the degree of behavioral anxiety, the degree of intestinal barrier damage, the severity of intestinal inflammation, and the degree of immune cell imbalance positively correlated with each other. Accordingly, HFD-induced obesity may cause intestinal Th17/Treg imbalance via the AMPK-SIRT1 pathway, leading to an inflammatory environment in the intestine, impairing intestinal barrier function, and ultimately aggravating anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Wenlin Deng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guixian Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zao Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Ximei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Sitao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China.
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China.
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Zhang Q, Zeng R, Tang J, Jiang X, Zhu C. The "crosstalk" between microbiota and metabolomic profile in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice supplemented with Bletilla striata polysaccharides and composite polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130018. [PMID: 38331057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The potential prebiotic feature of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSP) has been widely accepted, while the beneficial effect of BSP on high-fat-diet-induced obesity is unclear. Moreover, the "crosstalk" between microbiota and metabolomic profile in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice supplemented with BSP still need to be further explored. The present study attempted to illustrate the effect of BSP and/or composite polysaccharides on high-fat-diet-induced obese mice by combining multi-matrix (feces, urine, liver) metabolomics and gut microbiome. The results showed that BSP and/or composite polysaccharides were able to reduce the abnormal weight gain induced by high-fat diet. A total of 175 molecules were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) in feces, urine and liver, suggesting that multi-matrix metabolomics could provide a comprehensive view of metabolic regulatory mechanism of BSP in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. Several pathways were altered in response to BSP supplementation, mainly pertaining to amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, ascorbate and aldarate metabolisms. In addition, BSP ameliorated high-fat-diet-induced imbalanced gut microbiome, by lowering the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. Significant correlations were illustrated between particular microbiota's features and specific metabolites. Overall, the anti-obesity effect of BSP could be attributed to the amelioration of the disorders of gut microbiota and to the regulation of the "gut-liver axis" metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junni Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaole Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenglin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Jeong B, Kim JS, Kwon AR, Lee J, Park S, Koo J, Lee WS, Baek JY, Shin WH, Lee JS, Jeong J, Kim WK, Jung CR, Kim NS, Cho SH, Lee DY. Maternal nanoplastic ingestion induces an increase in offspring body weight through altered lipid species and microbiota. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108522. [PMID: 38401434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight, especially in children and adolescents, has become a serious societal issue. Although various genetic and environmental risk factors for pediatric obesity and overweight have been identified, the problem has not been solved. In this study, we examined whether environmental nanoplastic (NP) pollutants can act as environmental obesogens using mouse models exposed to NPs derived from polystyrene and polypropylene, which are abundant in the environment. We found abnormal weight gain in the progeny until 6 weeks of age following the oral administration of NPs to the mother during gestation and lactation. Through a series of experiments involving multi-omic analyses, we have demonstrated that NP-induced weight gain is caused by alterations in the lipid composition (lysophosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylcholine ratio) of maternal breast milk and he gut microbiota distribution of the progeny. These data indicate that environmental NPs can act as obesogens in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohyeon Jeong
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kim
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea
| | - A Ra Kwon
- Chemical Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Jangjae Lee
- Chemical Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jahong Koo
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wang Sik Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yeob Baek
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Won-Ho Shin
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sook Lee
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, 56212, South Korea; KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jeong
- KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea; Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea; Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea; Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Nam-Soon Kim
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Cho
- Chemical Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, South Korea.
| | - Da Yong Lee
- Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea; KRIBB School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea.
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Wang L, Chen Y, Yang Y, Xiao N, Lai C. Oils with different degree of saturation: effects on ileal digestibility of fat and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:21. [PMID: 38326917 PMCID: PMC10848516 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oils are important sources of energy in pig diets. The combination of oils with different degree of saturation contributes to improve the utilization efficiency of the mixed oils and may reduce the cost of oil supplemented. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of oils with different degree of saturation on the fat digestibility and corresponding additivity and bacterial community in growing pigs. METHODS Eighteen crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) barrows (initial body weight: 29.3 ± 2.8 kg) were surgically fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. The experimental diets included a fat-free basal diet and 5 oil-added diets. The 5 oil-added diets were formulated by adding 6% oil with different ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U:S) to the basal diet. The 5 oils were palm oil (U:S = 1.2), canola oil (U:S = 12.0), and palm oil and canola oil were mixed in different proportions to prepare a combination of U:S of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5, respectively. RESULTS The apparent and standardized ileal digestibility (AID and SID) of fat and fatty acids increased linearly (P < 0.05) as the U:S of dietary oils increased except for SID of fat and C18:2. The AID and SID of fat and fatty acids differed among the dietary treatments (P < 0.05) except for SID of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and C18:2. Fitted one-slope broken-line analyses for the SID of fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and UFA indicated that the breakpoint for U:S of oil was 4.14 (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.01), 2.91 (R2 = 0.98, P < 0.01) and 3.84 (R2 = 0.85, P < 0.01), respectively. The determined SID of fat, C18:1, C18:2 and UFA in the mixtures was not different from the calculated SID of fat, C18:1, C18:2 and UFA. However, the determined SID of C16:0, C18:0 and SFA in the mixtures were greater than the calculated SID values (P < 0.05). The abundance of Romboutsia and Turicibacter in pigs fed diet containing palm oil was greater than that in rapeseed oil treatment group, and the two bacteria were negatively correlated with SID of C16:0, C18:0 and SFA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The optimal U:S for improving the utilization efficiency of mixed oil was 4.14. The SID of fat and UFA for palm oil and canola oil were additive in growing pigs, whereas the SID of SFA in the mixture of two oils was greater than the sum of the values of pure oils. Differences in fat digestibility caused by oils differing in degree of saturation has a significant impact on bacterial community in the foregut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yuansen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nuo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Changhua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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10
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Wu Y, Zeng Y, Ren Y, Yu J, Zhang Q, Xiao X. Insights into RNA N6-methyladenosine in Glucose and Lipid Metabolic Diseases and Their Therapeutic Strategies. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad170. [PMID: 37950364 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of glucose and lipid metabolism diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is rising, which places an enormous burden on people around the world. However, the mechanism behind these disorders remains incompletely understood. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is 1 type of posttranscriptional RNA modification, and research has shown that it plays a crucial role in several metabolic diseases. m6A methylation is reversibly and dynamically regulated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6A binding proteins (readers). Dysregulation of RNA m6A modification is related to different metabolic processes. Targeting RNA m6A methylation is a potential treatment strategy for these chronic metabolic diseases. This review discusses studies on RNA m6A modification in metabolic diseases and existing therapeutic drugs, with the aim of providing a concise perspective on its potential applications in managing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yaolin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Zong X, Zhang H, Zhu L, Deehan EC, Fu J, Wang Y, Jin M. Auricularia auricula polysaccharides attenuate obesity in mice through gut commensal Papillibacter cinnamivorans. J Adv Res 2023; 52:203-218. [PMID: 37549868 PMCID: PMC10555930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Auricularia auricula is a well-known traditional edible and medical fungus with high nutritional and pharmacological values, as well as metabolic and immunoregulatory properties. Nondigestible fermentable polysaccharides are identified as primary bioactive constituents of Auricularia auricula extracts. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) on obesity and related metabolic endpoints, including the role of the gut microbiota, remain insufficiently understood. METHODS The effects of AAP on obesity were assessed within high-fat diet (HFD)-based mice through obesity trait analysis and metabolomic profiling. To determine the mechanistic role of the gut microbiota in observed anti-obesogenic effects AAP, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and pseudo-germ-free mice model treated with antibiotics were also applied, together with 16S rRNA genomic-derived taxonomic profiling. RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD) murine exposure to AAP thwarted weight gains, reduced fat depositing and enhanced glucose tolerance, together with upregulating thermogenesis proteomic biomarkers within adipose tissue. Serum metabolome indicated these effects were associated with changes in fatty acid metabolism. Intestine-dwelling microbial population assessments discovered that AAP selectively enhanced Papillibacter cinnamivorans, a commensal bacterium with reduced presence in HFD mice. Notably, HFD mice treated with oral formulations of P. cinnamivorans attenuated obesity, which was linked to decreased intestinal lipid transportation and hepatic thermogenesis. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that P. cinnamivorans regulated intestinal lipids metabolism and liver thermogenesis by reducing the proinflammatory response and gut permeability in a JAK-STAT signaling-related manner. CONCLUSION Datasets from the present study show that AAP thwarted dietary-driven obesity and metabolism-based disorders by regulating intestinal lipid transportation, a mechanism that is dependent on the gut commensal P. cinnamivorans. These results indicated AAP and P. cinnamivorans as newly identified pre- and probiotics that could serve as novel therapeutics against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Luoyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Edward C Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Controlling, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (Eastern of China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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12
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Liu S, Xiao G, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Tian J, Li W, Gong L. Effects of Dietary Bacillus subtilis HC6 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity, and Intestinal Health in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2915. [PMID: 37760314 PMCID: PMC10526030 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Bacillus subtilis HC6 on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 180 one-day-old white feather broilers were randomly divided into two experimental groups, each comprising six replicates of fifteen chicks from 1 to 50 d of age. The groups were either fed a basal diet (CON) or the same diet supplemented with 5 × 108 cfu/kg of Bacillus subtilis HC6 (BS). Our results indicated that compared with the CON, dietary supplementation with BS increased feed efficiency during d 21-50 and d 1-50 (p < 0.05). Moreover, BS supplementation enhanced antioxidant capacity in the serum and liver, and also decreased the activity of diamine oxidase and the level of endotoxins (p < 0.05). Additionally, BS treatment increased the villi height in the jejunum and ileum, increased the ratio of villus height/crypt depth in the ileum, upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins in the jejunal mucosa, and downregulated the levels of IL-22 and IFN-γ on day 50 (p < 0.05). Principal coordinates analysis yielded clear clustering of two groups; dietary BS increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidales_unclassified (genus) and Olsenella (genus), and decreased the abundance of genera Alistipes on day 50, which identified a strong correlation with FCR, serum differential metabolites, or differential gene expression in the jejunal mucosa by spearman correlation analysis. The PICRUSt2 analysis revealed that supplementation with BS enriched the pathways related to xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, signaling molecules and interaction, the digestive system, and transport and catabolism. These results demonstrated that dietary BS increased feed efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the jejunal mucosa; and decreased the activity of diamine oxidase in serum, which might be attributed to the modulation of community composition and the functions of cecal microbiota in white-feathered broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (S.L.); (G.X.); (Q.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (S.L.); (G.X.); (Q.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Q.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Qingyang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (S.L.); (G.X.); (Q.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Jinpeng Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (S.L.); (G.X.); (Q.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Weifen Li
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Q.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Li Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (S.L.); (G.X.); (Q.Z.); (J.T.)
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13
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Yao Q, Yu Z, Meng Q, Chen J, Liu Y, Song W, Ren X, Zhou J, Chen X. The Role of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Obesity and Its Related Diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115546. [PMID: 37044299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major public health problem worldwide and its occurrence is increasing globally. Obesity has also been shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases and pathological conditions, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR). In recent years, gut microbiota has received extensive attention as an important regulatory part involved in host diseases and health status. A growing body of evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis has a significant adverse effect on the host. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), a type of intestinal microbial dysbiosis, has been gradually revealed to be associated with obesity and its related diseases. The presence of SIBO may lead to the destruction of intestinal barrier integrity, increased intestinal permeability, increased endotoxin levels, activation of inflammatory responses, and translocation of bacteria from the colon to the small intestine. However, the causal relationship between SIBO and obesity and the specific mechanisms have not been well elucidated. This review discusses the cross-talk between SIBO and obesity and its related diseases, and expounds its potential mechanisms and interventions, which may help to discover new therapeutic targets for obesity and its related diseases and develop treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zihan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jihua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wenxuan Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiangfeng Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jinjie Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.
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Xiao X, Zhang YL, Zhou ZA, Wu F, Wang HF, Zong X. Response of sediment microbial communities to different levels of PAC contamination and exposure time. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160683. [PMID: 36481151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Coagulants such as polyaluminium chloride (PAC) are widely used for removing phosphorus from eutrophic water, but its application for water treatment can potentially harm the environment. In this study, a four-timepoint exposure experiment was performed at week 1, 3, 7 and 10 to investigate how microbial communities in lake sediments respond to different concentrations of PAC (RS (raw lake water with nothing added), Low, Medium and High). The results showed that, while PAC can efficiently decrease the amount of C, N and P in lake water, the presence of residual aluminum and aluminum precipitates can greatly affect the microbial communities in lake sediments. In particular, different concentrations of PAC and exposure time affected the microbial diversity and structure of lake sediments, with changes being especially obvious at high concentration of PAC after 10 weeks of exposure. Moreover, the use of PAC significantly increased the relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria and Competibacter, while reducing those of Thermodesulfovibrionia, Vicinamibacterales, and BSV26 in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Network analysis further showed strong correlations between differential bacterial species of PAC in high concentration at 10 weeks, which further suggested that PAC treatment changed the complex structure of microbiota in lake sediment. Finally, correlation analysis indicated a close connection between water parameters and differential species induced by PAC treatment. Overall, PAC contamination changed the microbial communities at different taxonomy levels and influenced the functional pathways to potentiate the P removal, and the results offered interesting insights into the use of PAC in water treatment and its impact on biogeochemical cycling. These results indicated that more attention need to be paid to the potential impact of chemical phosphorus removing reagents on the environment, including eutrophic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ya-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zi-An Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Hou-Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Wang B, Zeng Z, Liu R, Tang L, Meng X, Li W. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 attenuated high-fat diet induced anxiety-like behavior and social withdrawal of male mice by improving antioxidant capacity, intestinal barrier function and modulating intestinal dysbiosis. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114172. [PMID: 36280009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety-like behavior and social withdrawal induced by obesity and oxidative stress are significant health concerns in contemporary society. Our previously study found that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (SC06) decreased the body weight of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed male mice and protected porcine intestinal epithelial cells against oxidative stress. The present study further investigated the effect of SC06 on HFD-induced obesity, anxiety-like behavior and social withdrawal of male mice and explored its mechanism. Results showed that SC06 significantly decreased HFD-induced obesity as evidenced by the decreased body weight, weight of liver and epididymal fat. Meanwhile, SC06 attenuated the anxiety-like behavior of HFD-fed male mice as illustrated by the more exploration time in both the open arms of elevated plus maze and the central area of open field and the reversed their social withdrawal tested in the three-chamber social choice task. SC06 also reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and normalized the mitochondrial morphology in the hippocampus. SC06 reduced the systemic inflammation and increased the expression of intestinal tight junctions (ZO-1 and Claudin1). Furthermore, SC06 also altered the microbial diversity and composition, and decreased Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio of HFD-fed male mice. These findings suggest SC06 attenuate HFD-induced anxiety-like behavior and social withdrawal of male mice by attenuating hippocampal oxidation stress, systemic inflammation, dysbiosis and improving intestinal barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109 Qingdao, China
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Meng
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, 550025 Guiyang, China.
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
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Zhu X, Tang H, Yang M, Yin K. N6-methyladenosine in macrophage function: a novel target for metabolic diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:66-84. [PMID: 36586778 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most prevalent internal transcriptional modifications. Evidence has highlighted changes in m6A in metabolic disorders and various metabolic diseases. However, the precise mechanisms of these m6A changes in such conditions are not understood. Macrophages are crucial for the innate immune system and exert either beneficial or harmful roles in metabolic disease. Notably, m6A was found to be closely related to macrophage phenotype and dysfunction. In this review, we summarize m6A in macrophage function from the perspective of macrophage development, activation, and polarization, pyroptosis, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, we discuss how m6A-mediated macrophage function affects metabolic diseases, including atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Finally, we discuss challenges and prospects for m6A in macrophage and metabolic diseases with the aim of providing guidance for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China
| | - HaoJun Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China
| | - Min Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China.
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Characterization and Dynamics of the Gut Microbiota in Rice Fishes at Different Developmental Stages in Rice-Fish Coculture Systems. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122373. [PMID: 36557627 PMCID: PMC9787495 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The rice-fish system (RFS), a traditional coculture farming model, was selected as a "globally important agricultural heritage system." Host-associated microbiota play important roles in development, metabolism, physiology, and immune function. However, studies on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals in the RFS are scarce, especially the lack of baseline knowledge of the dynamics of gut microbial communities in rice fish during different developmental stages. In this study, we characterized the microbial composition, community structure, and functions of several sympatric aquatic animals (common carp (Cyprinus carpio), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), and black-spotted frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus)), and the environment (water) in the RFS using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, we investigated stage-specific signatures in the gut microbiota of common carp throughout the three developmental stages (juvenile, sub-adult, and adult). Our results indicated that the Fusobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were dominant gut microbial phyla in rice fish. The differences in gut microbial compositions and community structure between the three aquatic species were observed. Although no significant differences in alpha diversity were observed across the three developmental stages, the microbial composition and community structure varied with development in common carp in the RFS, with an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes in sub-adults and a shift in the functional features of the community. This study sheds light on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals in the RFS. It deepens our understanding of the dynamics of gut microflora during common carp development, which may help improve aquaculture strategies in the RFS.
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Gan L, Wang J, Guo Y. Polysaccharides influence human health via microbiota-dependent and -independent pathways. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1030063. [PMID: 36438731 PMCID: PMC9682087 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the most diverse molecules and can be extracted from abundant edible materials. Increasing research has been conducted to clarify the structure and composition of polysaccharides obtained from different materials and their effects on human health. Humans can only directly assimilate very limited polysaccharides, most of which are conveyed to the distal gut and fermented by intestinal microbiota. Therefore, the main mechanism underlying the bioactive effects of polysaccharides on human health involves the interaction between polysaccharides and microbiota. Recently, interest in the role of polysaccharides in gut health, obesity, and related disorders has increased due to the wide range of valuable biological activities of polysaccharides. The known roles include mechanisms that are microbiota-dependent and involve microbiota-derived metabolites and mechanisms that are microbiota-independent. In this review, we discuss the role of polysaccharides in gut health and metabolic diseases and the underlying mechanisms. The findings in this review provide information on functional polysaccharides in edible materials and facilitate dietary recommendations for people with health issues. To uncover the effects of polysaccharides on human health, more clinical trials should be conducted to confirm the therapeutic effects on gut and metabolic disease. Greater attention should be directed toward polysaccharide extraction from by-products or metabolites derived from food processing that are unsuitable for direct consumption, rather than extracting them from edible materials. In this review, we advanced the understanding of the structure and composition of polysaccharides, the mutualistic role of gut microbes, the metabolites from microbiota-fermenting polysaccharides, and the subsequent outcomes in human health and disease. The findings provide insight into the proper application of polysaccharides in improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Gan
- School of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yuan T, Li J, Wang Y, Li M, Yang A, Ren C, Qi D, Zhang N. Effects of Zearalenone on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Ovarian Function and Gut Microbiota of Laying Hens. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100653. [PMID: 36287922 PMCID: PMC9610152 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a ubiquitous contaminant in poultry feed, since ZEN and its metabolites can interfere with estrogen function and affect the reproductive ability of animals. The estrogen-like effect of ZEN on mammal is widely reported, while little information is available, regarding the effect of relatively low dose of ZEN on estrogen function and production performance of laying hens, and the relationship between them. This work was aimed to investigate the effects of ZEN on the production performance, egg quality, ovarian function and gut microbiota of laying hens. A total of 96 Hy-line brown laying hens aged 25-week were randomly divided into 3 groups including basal diet group (BD group), basal diet supplemented with 250 μg/kg (250 μg/kg ZEN group) and 750 μg/kg (750 μg/kg ZEN group) ZEN group. Here, 750 μg/kg ZEN resulted in a significant increase in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (g feed/g egg) (p < 0.05), a decrease in the egg production (p > 0.05), albumen height and Haugh unit (p > 0.05), compared to the BD group. The serum Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels significantly decreased in ZEN supplemented groups (p < 0.05). Serum Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Progesterone (P) levels in the 750 μg/kg ZEN group were significantly lower than those in the BD group (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that ZEN reduced cecum microbial diversity (p < 0.05) and altered gut microbiota composition. In contrast to 250 μg/kg ZEN, 750 μg/kg ZEN had more dramatic effects on the gut microbiota function. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between the dominant bacteria of the 750 μg/kg ZEN group and the production performance, egg quality and ovarian function of hens. Overall, ZEN was shown to exert a detrimental effect on production performance, egg quality and ovarian function of laying hens in this study. Moreover, alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota induced by ZEN may be involved in the adverse effects of ZEN on laying hens.
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The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies in Obesity: The Applications and Mechanisms. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8080376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, obesity is a leading public health problem worldwide. The growing prevalence of obesity significantly accounts for other cardio-metabolic diseases, including hypertension and diabetes. Several studies have shown that obesity is strongly associated with genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and dietary factors, especially the disordered profiles of gut microbiota (GM). The present review concluded mechanistic studies and potential correspondent treatments for obesity. Specifically, the anti-obesity effects of food-derived compounds manipulating GM were highlighted. The potential limitations of bioactive compounds on absorption in the intestinal tract were also discussed. Thus, the future direction of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an approach to support modulating host GM (considered to be a potential therapeutic target for obesity) was discussed. This review shed light on the role of GM modulation strategies for the prevention/treatment of obesity.
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You H, Tan Y, Yu D, Qiu S, Bai Y, He J, Cao H, Che Q, Guo J, Su Z. The Therapeutic Effect of SCFA-Mediated Regulation of the Intestinal Environment on Obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:886902. [PMID: 35662937 PMCID: PMC9157426 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.886902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal environment disorder is a potential pathological mechanism of obesity. There is increasing evidence that disorders in the homeostasis of the intestinal environment can affect various metabolic organs, such as fat and liver, and lead to metabolic diseases. However, there are few therapeutic approaches for obesity targeting the intestinal environment. In this review, on the one hand, we discuss how intestinal microbial metabolites SCFA regulate intestinal function to improve obesity and the possible mechanisms and pathways related to obesity-related pathological processes (depending on SCFA-related receptors such as GPCRs, MCT and SMCT, and through epigenetic processes). On the other hand, we discuss dietary management strategies to enrich SCFA-producing bacteria and target specific SCFA-producing bacteria and whether fecal bacteria transplantation therapy to restore the composition of the gut microbiota to regulate SCFA can help prevent or improve obesity. Finally, we believe that it will be of great significance to establish a working model of gut– SCFA– metabolic disease development in the future for the improvement this human health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin You
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Qiu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincan He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Microbiome-based therapeutics: Opportunity and challenges. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 191:229-262. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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