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Li T, Wu H, Fu Z, Li H, Li Q, Liu Y, Zhang Q. The association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and periodontitis: NHANES 2011-2014 and Mendelian randomisation analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:168. [PMID: 38835019 PMCID: PMC11149223 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore the association and potential causality between polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrations and the risk of periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to analyse the associations of the concentrations of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio with the risk of periodontitis. E-value and propensity score matching (PSM) analyses were used for sensitivity analyses. In addition, two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were performed to assess the potential causal impact of the concentrations of those fatty acids on periodontitis risk. RESULTS A total of 2462 participants from the NHANES were included. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high omega-3 fatty acids levels were negatively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis (P < 0.05), while the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio was positively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis (P < 0.05). There was no significant association between omega-6 concentrations and the risk of periodontitis. The findings mentioned above were confirmed by analysis following a 1:1 PSM. Furthermore, MR examination of the two samples indicated no possible causal link between the risk of periodontitis and the concentrations of omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids or the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although omega-3 fatty acids and the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio were associated with the risk of periodontitis in cross-sectional studies, the MR results did not support a causal relationship between them. Therefore, there is no indication that an increase in the omega-3 fatty acids concentration or a decrease in the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids ratio may be beneficial for preventing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huadong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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Kogure GS, Verruma CG, Santana BA, Calado RT, Ferriani RA, Furtado CLM, Dos Reis RM. Obesity contributes to telomere shortening in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1601-1609. [PMID: 38393627 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial disorder and obesity occurs in 38% to 88% of these women. Although hyperandrogenism may contribute to telomere lengthening, increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with telomere erosion. We sought to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in PCOS women with normal, overweight, and obese BMI. We evaluated the relationship between LTL and clinical variables of PCOS and inflammatory biomarkers independent of BMI. A total of 348 women (243 PCOS and 105 non-PCOS) were evaluated for anthropometric measures, total testosterone, androstenedione, estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), fasting insulin and glycemia, lipid profile, homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). LTL was measured by qPCR. The PCOS group presented higher weight, waist circumference, BMI, testosterone, LH, fasting insulin, FAI, and HOMA-IR, and lower E2, SHBG, and fasting glycemia measures compared with the non-PCOS. When stratified by BMI, LTL was increased in all subgroups in PCOS compared to non-PCOS. However, in the PCOS group, LTL was lower in overweight (P = 0.0187) and obese (P = 0.0018) compared to normal-weight women. The generalized linear model showed that BMI, androstenedione, homocysteine, and CRP were associated with telomere biology. Women with PCOS had longer LTL, however, overweight or obesity progressively contributes to telomere shortening and may affect reproductive outcomes of PCOS, while androstenedione may increase LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Satyko Kogure
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Carolina Gennari Verruma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Barbara A Santana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T Calado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado
- Experimental Biology Center, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNFOR), Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Maria Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
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Yang S, Wang X, Li Y, Zhou L, Guo G, Wu M. The association between telomere length and blood lipids: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1338698. [PMID: 38863926 PMCID: PMC11165217 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1338698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies suggest an association between telomere length (TL) and blood lipid (BL) levels. Nevertheless, the causal connections between these two traits remain unclear. We aimed to elucidate whether genetically predicted TL is associated with BL levels via Mendelian randomization (MR) and vice versa. Methods We obtained genetic instruments associated with TL, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The causal relationships between TL and BL were investigated via bidirectional MR, multivariable MR and mediation analysis methods. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the principal methodology, complemented by several other estimators to enhance the robustness of the analysis. Results In the forward MR analyses, we identified significant positive correlation between genetically predicted TL and the levels of TG (β=0.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01 to 0.06, p = 0.003). In the reverse MR analysis, TG (β=0.02, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.03, p = 0.004), LDL-C (β=0.03, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04, p = 0.001) and ApoB (β=0.03, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.04, p = 9.71×10-5) were significantly positively associated with TL, although this relationship was not observed in the multivariate MR analysis. The mediation analysis via two-step MR showed no significant mediation effects acting through obesity-related phenotypes in analysis of TL with TG, while the effect of LDL-C on TL was partially mediated by body mass index (BMI) in the reverse direction, with mediated proportion of 12.83% (95% CI: 0.62% to 25.04%). Conclusions Our study indicated that longer TL were associated with higher TG levels, while conversely, higher TG, LDL-C, and ApoB levels predicted longer TL, with BMI partially mediating these effects. Our findings present valuable insights into the development of preventive strategies and interventions that specifically target TL-related aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Yang
- Guang’an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Guang’an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang’an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Guang’an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Guang’an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Xia J, Xu L, Yu Y, Wu M, Wang X, Wang Y, Li C, Sun J, Lv X, Zhao J, Zhang Y. Associations between weight-adjusted-waist index and telomere length: Results from NHANES: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37905. [PMID: 38669426 PMCID: PMC11049720 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the connection between obesity and telomere length. A recently devised metric for determining obesity, the weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), offers a distinct advantage in predicting fat and lean mass by depicting weight-independent abdominal adiposity. This article presents the results of the inaugural study on the relationship between WWI and telomere length in adult populations. The cross-sectional investigation analyzed data from 3479 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 1999 to 2000. To inspect linear and nonlinear correlations, we adopted weighted multiple logistic regression analysis and smooth curve fit, respectively. In addition, threshold effects and subgroup analyses were accomplished. In the fully adapted model, a significant adverse association of WWI with telomere length was detected [β = -0.02, 95% CI: (-0.03, -0.00), P value = 0.01]. The adverse correlation remained consistent across all subcategories. We also discovered an inverted U-shaped curve linking WWI and telomere length, with a conspicuous inflection point of 10.07 cm/√kg. For the first time, our research demonstrated strong links between WWI and telomere length. The inflection point suggests that controlling WWI within an optimum range might be essential for aging and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihua Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yangyi Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoxi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiemin Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Liu D, Aziz NA, Imtiaz MA, Pehlivan G, Breteler MMB. Associations of measured and genetically predicted leukocyte telomere length with vascular phenotypes: a population-based study. GeroScience 2024; 46:1947-1970. [PMID: 37782440 PMCID: PMC10828293 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Whether this association differs between measured and genetically predicted LTL is still unclear. Moreover, the molecular processes underlying the association remain largely unknown. We used baseline data of the Rhineland Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany [56.2% women, age: 55.5 ± 14.0 years (range 30 - 95 years)]. We calculated genetically predicted LTL in 4180 participants and measured LTL in a subset of 1828 participants with qPCR. Using multivariable regression, we examined the association of measured and genetically predicted LTL, and the difference between measured and genetically predicted LTL (ΔLTL), with four vascular functional domains and the overall vascular health. Moreover, we performed epigenome-wide association studies of three LTL measures. Longer measured LTL was associated with better microvascular and cardiac function. Longer predicted LTL was associated with better cardiac function. Larger ΔLTL was associated with better microvascular and cardiac function and overall vascular health, independent of genetically predicted LTL. Several CpGs were associated (p < 1e-05) with measured LTL (n = 5), genetically predicted LTL (n = 8), and ΔLTL (n = 27). Genes whose methylation status was associated with ΔLTL were enriched in vascular endothelial signaling pathways and have been linked to environmental exposures, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Our findings suggest that non-genetic causes of LTL contribute to microvascular and cardiac function and overall vascular health, through an effect on the vascular endothelial signaling pathway. Interventions that counteract LTL may thus improve vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohammed Aslam Imtiaz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gökhan Pehlivan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Population Health Sciences, Bonn, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Xiong L, Yang G, Guo T, Zeng Z, Liao T, Li Y, Li Y, Chen F, Yang S, Kang L, Liang Z. 17-year follow-up of association between telomere length and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome: results from the NHANES database prospective cohort study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:247. [PMID: 38041119 PMCID: PMC10693041 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mortality risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between telomere length and long-term all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, in individuals with MetS in the United States. METHODS A total of 1980 participants with MetS aged 18 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) prospective cohort study (1999-2002) were included in this cohort study. Medical records review was used to identify the cause of deaths as of December 2018. We employed Kaplan-Meier curves, fitted curves, and Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and CVD mortality, stratified by tertiles of LTL. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 17.75 years of participants with metabolic syndrome, 819 deaths occurred, including 231 cardiovascular deaths. After adjusting for multiple covariates, participants with shorter telomere length had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11-1.6) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.96-1.93) compared with those in the highest tertile of telomere length. All-cause mortality (P < 0.001) and cardiovascular disease mortality (P = 0.028) followed a similar pattern across tertiles of telomere length. CONCLUSION In individuals with MetS, shorter telomere length is associated with increased risks of death from cardiovascular disease and all causes. The underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings require additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangyan Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianting Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, 341000, Ganzhou, Jiangxi province, China
| | - Zhaohao Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingfeng Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fujuan Chen
- Department of General Practice Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Liu M, Lan Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wu M, Yang L, Zhou J, Tong M, Leng L, Zheng H, Li J, Mi X. Telomere length is associated with increased risk of cutaneous melanoma: a Mendelian randomization study. Melanoma Res 2023; 33:475-481. [PMID: 37650705 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
RESULTS The MR analysis using two TL GWAS datasets revealed strong and consistent evidence that long TL is causally associated with an increased risk of CM. The analysis of the Codd et al. dataset found that long TL significantly predicted an elevated risk of CM (IVW OR = 2.411, 95% CI 2.092-2.780, P = 8.05E-34). Similarly, the analysis of the Li et al. dataset yielded consistent positive results across all MR methods, providing further robustness to the causal relationship (IVW OR = 2.324, 95% CI 1.516-3.565, P = 1.11E-04). The study provides evidence for a causal association between TL and CM susceptibility, indicating that longer TL increases the risk of developing CM and providing insight into the unique telomere biology in melanoma pathogenesis. Telomere maintenance pathways may be a potential target for preventing and treating CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- 4 + 4 M.D. Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yining Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Departments of Internal Medicine
- Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mengyin Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Leyan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Meiyi Tong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Ling Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
| | - Xia Mi
- Department of Dermatology, Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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Zhang R, Wu M, Ma M, Liu B, Zhang X, Wei N, Wang T, Lv Y, Xu C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu F. Genetic evidence for the causal linkage between telomere length and aortic aneurysm risk: A Mendelian randomisation study. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14056. [PMID: 37392033 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence of a clear causal relationship between telomere length and aortic aneurysms is limited by the potential for confounding or reverse causation effects. In this study, we used a Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach to investigate this putative causal association. METHODS In total, 118 telomere length-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms, identified in 472,174 individuals of European ancestry, were used as the instrumental variables. Summary statistics for genome-wide association studies of aortic aneurysms were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. For the primary MR analyses, the inverse-variance weighted random-effects method was used and was supplemented with multivariable MR, weighted median and MR-Egger approaches. The MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test and 'leave-one-out' sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity and stability of the genetic variants. Forward and reverse MR analyses were performed. RESULTS All forward univariable MR analyses showed that longer telomere lengths decreased aortic aneurysm risks (total aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.96, p = .015; thoracic aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.98, p = .026; abdominal aortic aneurysms: OR = 0.525, 95% CI 0.398-0.69, p < .001), whereas all reverse MR analyses suggested the absence of aortic aneurysm liability on telomere length. The sensitivity analysis results were robust, and no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our results support a possible causal association between telomere length and aortic aneurysms, providing new insights into the involvement of telomere biology in this condition and offering a potential avenue for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Meijuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Junkui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Department of Nursing, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Loh NY, Rosoff D, Noordam R, Christodoulides C. Investigating the impact of metabolic syndrome traits on telomere length: a Mendelian randomization study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2189-2198. [PMID: 37415075 PMCID: PMC10658743 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies have reported bidirectional associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits and short leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a TL marker in somatic tissues and a proposed risk factor for age-related degenerative diseases. However, in Mendelian randomization studies, longer LTL has been paradoxically associated with higher MetS risk. This study investigated the hypothesis that shorter LTL might be a consequence of metabolic dysfunction. METHODS This study undertook univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization. As instrumental variables for MetS traits, all of the genome-wide significant independent signals identified in genome-wide association studies for anthropometric, glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure traits conducted in European individuals were used. Summary-level data for LTL were obtained from a genome-wide association study conducted in the UK Biobank. RESULTS Higher BMI was associated with shorter LTL (β = -0.039, 95% CI: -0.058 to -0.020, p = 5 × 10-5 ) equivalent to 1.70 years of age-related LTL change. In contrast, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with longer LTL (β = 0.022, 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.037, p = 0.003) equivalent to 0.96 years of age-related LTL change. Mechanistically, increased low-grade systemic inflammation, as measured by circulating C-reactive protein, and lower circulating linoleic acid levels might link higher BMI to shorter LTL. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity might promote the development of aging-related degenerative diseases by accelerating telomere shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nellie Y. Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Daniel Rosoff
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Section on Clinical Genomics and Experimental TherapeuticsNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and GeriatricsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research CentreOxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation TrustOxfordUK
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Sun P, Wei P, Liu H, Wu J, Gross ND, Sikora AG, Wei Q, Shete S, Zafereo ME, Liu J, Li G. GWAS-identified telomere length associated genetic variants predict risk of recurrence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer after definitive radiotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104722. [PMID: 37487414 PMCID: PMC10382868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocyte telomere length (LTL)-related genetic variants may modulate LTL and affect recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP). METHODS A total of 1013 patients with incident SCCOP were recruited and genotyped for 16 genome-wide association study (GWAS)-identified TL-related polymorphisms. Of these patients, 489 had tumour HPV16 status determination. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate associations. FINDINGS Of the 16 TL-related polymorphisms, four were significantly associated with LTL: rs1920116, rs3027234, rs6772228, and rs11125529, and the patients with putatively favourable genotypes had approximately 1.5-3 times the likelihood of shorter LTL compared with patients with the corresponding risk genotypes. Moreover, patients with one to four favourable genotypes of the four combined polymorphisms had approximately 3-11 times the likelihood of shorter LTL compared with patients with no favourable genotype. The four LTL-related polymorphisms were significantly associated with approximately 40% reduced risk (for favourable genotypes) or doubled risk (for risk genotypes) of recurrence, and similar but more pronounced associations were observed in patients with tumour HPV16-positive SCCOP. Similarly, patients with one to four risk genotypes had significantly approximately 2.5-4 times increased recurrence risk compared with patients with no risk genotype, and similar but more pronounced associations were observed in patients with tumour HPV16-positive SCCOP. INTERPRETATION Four LTL-related polymorphisms individually or jointly modify LTL and risk of recurrence of SCCOP, particularly HPV-positive SCCOP. These LTL-related polymorphisms could have potential to further stratify patients with HPV-positive SCCOP for individualized treatment and better survival. FUNDING Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neil D Gross
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew G Sikora
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark E Zafereo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Jiao J. The relationship between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and telomere: A review on proposed nutritional treatment against metabolic syndrome and potential signaling pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4457-4476. [PMID: 36330807 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2142196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic abnormalities composed of central obesity, elevated blood pressure, glucose disturbances, hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidaemia, has increasingly become a public health problem in the 21st century worldwide. The dysfunction of telomeres, the repetitive DNA with highly conserved sequences (5'-TTAGGG-3'), is remarkably correlated with organismal aging, even suggesting a causal relationship with metabolic disorders. The health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in multiple disorders are associated with telomere length in evidence, which have recently drawn wide attention. However, functional targets and pathways for the associations of n-3 PUFAs and telomere with MetS remain scare. Few studies have summarized the role of n-3 PUFAs in DNA damage repair pathways, anti-inflammatory pathways, and redox balance, linking with telomere biology, and other potential telomere-related signaling pathways. This review aims to (i) elucidate how n-3 PUFAs ameliorate telomere attrition in the context of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation; (ii) unravel the role of n-3 PUFAs in modulating telomere-related neuron dysfunction and regulating the neuro-endocrine-immunological network in MetS; (iii) epidemiologically implicate the associations of metabolic disorders and n-3 PUFAs with telomere length; and (iv) suggest promising biochemical approaches and advancing methodologies to overcome the inter-variation problem helpful for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Telomere Length and Hearing Loss: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158937. [PMID: 35897312 PMCID: PMC9330868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Observational studies have suggested that there may be an association between telomere length (TL) and hearing loss (HL). However, inferring causality from observational studies is subject to residual confounding effects, reverse causation, and bias. This study adopted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate the causal relationship between TL and increased risk of HL. Methods: A total of 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TL were identified from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of 78,592 European participants and applied to our modeling as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for hearing loss (HL), age-related hearing loss (ARHL), and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) were obtained from the recent largest available GWAS and five MR analyses were used to investigate the potential causal association of genetically predicted TL with increased risk for HL, including the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode. In addition, sensitivity analysis, pleiotropy, and heterogeneity tests were also used to evaluate the robustness of our findings. Results: There was no causal association between genetically predicted TL and HL or its subtypes (by the IVW method, HL: odds ratio (OR) = 1.216, p = 0.382; ARHL: OR = 0.934, p = 0.928; NIHL: OR = 1.003, p = 0.776). Although heterogenous sites rs2736176, rs3219104, rs8105767, and rs2302588 were excluded for NIHL, the second MR analysis was consistent with the first analysis (OR = 1.003, p = 0.572). Conclusion: There was no clear causal relationship between shorter TLs and increased risk of HL or its subtypes in this dataset.
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Loh NY, Noordam R, Christodoulides C. Telomere length and metabolic syndrome traits: A Mendelian randomisation study. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13445. [PMID: 34312982 PMCID: PMC8373272 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have revealed associations between short leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a TL marker in somatic tissues and multiple Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) traits. Animal studies have supported these findings by showing that increased telomere attrition leads to adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. We investigated the associations between genetically instrumented LTL and MetS traits using Mendelian Randomisation (MR). Fifty-two independent variants identified at FDR<0.05 from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 78,592 Europeans and collectively accounting for 2.93% of LTL variance were selected as genetic instruments for LTL. Summary-level data for MetS traits and for the MetS as a binary phenotype were obtained from the largest publicly available GWAS and two-sample MR analyses were used to estimate the associations of LTL with these traits. The combined effect of the genetic instruments was modelled using inverse variance weighted regression and sensitivity analyses with MR-Egger, weighted-median and MR-PRESSO were performed to test for and correct horizonal pleiotropy. Genetically instrumented longer LTL was associated with higher waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (β = 0.045 SD, SE = 0.018, p = 0.01), raised systolic (β = 1.529 mmHg, SE = 0.332, p = 4x10-6 ) and diastolic (β = 0.633 mmHg, SE = 0.222, p = 0.004) blood pressure, and increased MetS risk (OR = 1.133, 95% CI 1.057-1.215). Consistent results were obtained in sensitivity analyses, which provided no evidence of unbalanced horizontal pleiotropy. Telomere shortening might not be a major driver of cellular senescence and dysfunction in human adipose tissue. Future experimental studies should examine the mechanistic bases for the links between longer LTL and increased upper-body fat distribution and raised blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nellie Y. Loh
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK
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