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Punches BE, Freiermuth CE, Sprague JE, Brown JL, Hutzel-Dunham E, Lambert J, Braun R, Littlefield A, Frey JA, Bachmann DJ, Bischof JJ, Pantalon MV, Ancona RM, Kisor DF, Lyons MS. Screening for problematic opioid use in the emergency department: Comparison of two screening measures. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2024; 5:e13106. [PMID: 38250198 PMCID: PMC10798174 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Study objective Earlier intervention for opioid use disorder (OUD) may reduce long-term health implications. Emergency departments (EDs) in the United States treat millions with OUD annually who may not seek care elsewhere. Our objectives were (1) to compare two screening measures for OUD characterization in the ED and (2) to determine the proportion of ED patients screening positive for OUD and those who endorse other substance use to guide future screening programs. Methods A cross-sectional study of randomly selected adult patients presenting to three Midwestern US EDs were enrolled, with duplicate patients excluded. Surveys were administered via research assistant and documented on tablet devices. Demographics were self-reported, and OUD positivity was assessed by the DSM 5 checklist and the WHO ASSIST 3.1. The primary outcome was the concordance between two screening measures for OUD. Our secondary outcome was the proportion of ED patients meeting OUD criteria and endorsed co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD) criteria. Results We enrolled 1305 participants; median age of participants was 46 years (range 18-84), with 639 (49.0%) Non-Hispanic, White, and 693 (53.1%) female. Current OUD positivity was identified in 17% (222 out of 1305) of the participants via either DSM-5 (two or more criteria) or ASSIST (score of 4 or greater). We found moderate agreement between the measures (kappa = 0.56; Phi coefficient = 0.57). Of individuals screening positive for OUD, 182 (82%) endorsed criteria for co-occurring SUD. Conclusions OUD is remarkably prevalent in ED populations, with one in six ED patients screening positive. We found a high prevalence of persons identified with OUD and co-occurring SUD, with moderate agreement between measures. Developing and implementing clinically feasible OUD screening in the ED is essential to enable intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany E Punches
- College of Nursing The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Caroline E Freiermuth
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Jon E Sprague
- The Ohio Attorney General's Center for the Future of Forensic Science Bowling Green State University Bowling Green Ohio USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | | | - Joshua Lambert
- College of Nursing University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Robert Braun
- Department of Emergency Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Andrew Littlefield
- Department of Psychological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USA
| | - Jennifer A Frey
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Daniel J Bachmann
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Jason J Bischof
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Michael V Pantalon
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Rachel M Ancona
- Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri USA
| | - David F Kisor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics College of Pharmacy Natural and Health Sciences Manchester University Fort Wayne Indiana USA
| | - Michael S Lyons
- Department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio USA
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Fleury MJ, Cao Z, Grenier G, Huỳnh C. Predictors of dropout from treatment among patients using specialized addiction treatment centers. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 150:209062. [PMID: 37150400 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the use of outpatient care, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with substance-related disorders (SRD) to predict treatment dropout from specialized addiction treatment centers. The study also explored risks of adverse outcomes, frequent emergency department (ED) use (3+ visits/year), and death, associated with treatment dropout within the subsequent 12 months. METHODS The study examined a cohort of 16,179 patients who completed their last treatment episode for SRD between 2012 and 13 and 2014-15 (financial years: April 1 to March 31) in 14 specialized addiction treatment centers using Quebec (Canada) health administrative databases. We used multivariable logistic regressions to measure risk of treatment dropout (1996-96 to 2014-15), while we used survival analysis controlling for sex and age to assess the odds of frequent ED use and death in 2015-16. RESULTS Of the 55 % of patients reporting dropout from SRD treatment over the 3-year period, 17 % were frequent ED users, and 1 % died in the subsequent 12 months. Patients residing in the most socially deprived areas, having polysubstance-related disorders or personality disorders, and having previously dropped out from specialized addiction treatment centers had increased odds of current treatment dropout. Older patients, those with a history of homelessness, past SRD treatment, or more concurrent outpatient care outside specialized addiction treatment centers had decreased odds of treatment dropout. Patients who dropped out were subsequently at higher risk of frequent ED use and death. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted that patients with more severe problems and previous dropout may need more sustained and adequate help to prevent subsequent treatment dropout. Specialized addiction treatment centers may consider enhancing their follow-up care of patients over a longer duration and better integrating their treatment with other outpatient care resources to meet the multiple needs of the more vulnerable patients using their services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada; Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Canada.
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Canada
| | - Christophe Huỳnh
- Institut universitaire sur les dépendances, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et des services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Canada
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Cunradi CB, Caetano R, Alter HJ, Ponicki WR. Association of Cannabis Use and At-Risk Alcohol Use With Intimate Partner Violence in an Urban ED Sample. J Emerg Nurs 2022; 48:504-514. [PMID: 35667891 PMCID: PMC9464675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urban ED patients have elevated rates of substance use and intimate partner violence. The purpose of this study is to describe the risk profiles for intimate partner violence among urban ED patients who report at-risk alcohol use only, cannabis use only, or both types of substance use. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data were collected from study participants (N = 1037; 53% female; ages 18-50) following informed consent. We measured participants' past-year at-risk drinking (women/men who had 4+/5+ drinks in a day), cannabis use, psychosocial and demographic characteristics, and past-year physical intimate partner violence (assessed with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale). We used bivariate analysis to assess whether rates of intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization differed by type of substance use behavior. Multivariate logistic regression models were estimated for each intimate partner violence outcome. All analyses were stratified by gender. RESULTS Rates of intimate partner violence differed significantly by type of substance use behavior and were highest among those who reported both at-risk drinking and cannabis use. Multivariate analysis showed that women who reported at-risk drinking only, cannabis use only, or both types of substance use had increased odds for intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization compared with women who reported neither type of substance use. Men's at-risk drinking and cannabis use were not associated with elevated odds of intimate partner violence perpetration or victimization. DISCUSSION Brief screening of patients' at-risk drinking and cannabis use behaviors may help identify those at greater risk for intimate partner violence and those in need of referral to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol B. Cunradi
- Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Prevention Research Center, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA
| | - Raul Caetano
- Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Prevention Research Center, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA
| | - Harrison J. Alter
- Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Highland Hospital, Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA
| | - William R. Ponicki
- Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Prevention Research Center, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA
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Risky Sexual Practices, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Motivations, and Mental Health among Heterosexual Women and Men Who Practice Sexualized Drug Use in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116387. [PMID: 35681972 PMCID: PMC9180103 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Sexualized drug use (SDU) has been poorly studied among heterosexuals. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of and gender differences in types of substances, risky sexual practices, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), motivations, and psychological adjustment among heterosexual women and men who engage in SDU. The study sample consisted of 1181 heterosexuals (795 women) between 18 and 78 years old (mean age = 24.4, SD = 7.4). Approximately 12% of the participants had engaged in SDU. No differences were found in the prevalence of SDU between men and women. Alcohol, cannabis, and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) were the substances most frequently used for sexual purposes. Men were significantly more likely to use MDMA, ecstasy, cocaine, and erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs, and they tended to have more sexual partners than women. Likewise, SDU was related to have more sexual partners, penetrative sex without a condom, practice a fetish, be diagnosed with syphilis, chlamydia, and others STIs, and present more depression symptoms (but not with more anxiety). In conclusion, SDU was associated with poorer physical and mental health. It is, therefore, necessary to design programs aimed at reducing the incidence of the consequences of SDU on the physical and mental health of both men and women. Moreover, programs that seek to understand why these individuals engage in SDU should be undertaken.
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Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Predictors of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Cervical and Thoracic Spine Trauma in the United States. World Neurosurg 2022; 161:e757-e766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Armoon B, Grenier G, Cao Z, Huỳnh C, Fleury MJ. Frequencies of emergency department use and hospitalization comparing patients with different types of substance or polysubstance-related disorders. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2021; 16:89. [PMID: 34922562 PMCID: PMC8684146 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-021-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study measured emergency department (ED) use and hospitalization for medical reasons among patients with substance-related disorders (SRD), comparing four subgroups: cannabis-related disorders, drug-related disorders other than cannabis, alcohol-related disorders and polysubstance-related disorders, controlling for various clinical, sociodemographic and service use variables. Methods Clinical administrative data for a cohort of 22,484 patients registered in Quebec (Canada) addiction treatment centers in 2012-13 were extracted for the years 2009-10 to 2015-16. Using negative binomial models, risks of frequent ED use and hospitalization were calculated for a 12-month period (2015-16). Results Patients with polysubstance-related disorders used ED more frequently than other groups with SRD. They were hospitalized more frequently than patients with cannabis or other drug-related disorders, but less frequently than those with alcohol-related disorders. Patients with alcohol-related disorders used ED more frequently than those with cannabis-related disorders and underwent more hospitalizations than both patients with cannabis-related and other drug-related disorders. Co-occurring SRD-mental disorders or SRD-chronic physical illnesses, more years with SRD, being women, living in rural territories, more frequent consultations with usual general practitioner or outpatient psychiatrist, and receiving more interventions in community healthcare centers increased frequency of ED use and hospitalization, whereas both adverse outcomes decreased with high continuity of physician care. Behavioral addiction, age less than 45 years, living in more materially deprived areas, and receiving 1-3 interventions in addiction treatment centers increased risk of frequent ED use, whereas living in semi-urban areas decreased ED use. Patients 25-44 years old receiving 4+ interventions in addiction treatment centers experienced less frequent hospitalization. Conclusion Findings showed higher risk of ED use among patients with polysubstance-related disorders, and higher hospitalization risk among patients with alcohol-related disorders, compared with patients affected by cannabis and other drug-related disorders. However, other variables contributed substantially more to the frequency of ED use and hospitalization, particularly clinical variables regarding complexity and severity of health conditions, followed by service use variables. Another important finding was that high continuity of physician care helped decrease the use of acute care services. Strategies like integrated care and outreach interventions may enhance SRD services. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13011-021-00421-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Christophe Huỳnh
- Institut universitaire sur les dépendances du Centre intégré universitaire de santé et des services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 950 Louvain Est, Montréal, Québec, H2M 2E8, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada.
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Cunradi CB, Caetano R, Ponicki WR, Alter HJ. Interrelationships of Economic Stressors, Mental Health Problems, Substance Use, and Intimate Partner Violence among Hispanic Emergency Department Patients: The Role of Language-Based Acculturation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12230. [PMID: 34831985 PMCID: PMC8623040 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the interrelationships of economic stressors, mental health problems, substance use, and intimate partner violence (IPV) among a sample of Hispanic emergency department patients and probed if Spanish language preference, which may represent low acculturation and/or immigrant status, had a protective effect, in accordance with the Hispanic health paradox. Study participants (n = 520; 50% female; 71% Spanish speakers) provided cross-sectional survey data. Gender-stratified logistic regression models were estimated for mental health problems (PTSD, anxiety, depression), substance use (risky drinking, cannabis, illicit drug use), and IPV. Results showed that economic stressors were linked with mental health problems among men and women. Among men, PTSD was associated with greater odds of cannabis and illicit drug use. Men who used cannabis and illicit drugs were more likely to report IPV. Male Spanish speakers had lower odds of anxiety and cannabis use than English speakers. Female Spanish speakers had lower odds of substance use and IPV than English speakers. The protective effect of Spanish language preference on some mental health, substance use, and IPV outcomes was more pronounced among women. Future research should identify the mechanisms that underlie the protective effect of Spanish language preference and explore factors that contribute to the observed gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol B. Cunradi
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (R.C.); (W.R.P.)
| | - Raul Caetano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (R.C.); (W.R.P.)
| | - William R. Ponicki
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (R.C.); (W.R.P.)
| | - Harrison J. Alter
- Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Oakland, CA 94602, USA;
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Yang YC, Al-Garadi MA, Love JS, Perrone J, Sarker A. Automatic gender detection in Twitter profiles for health-related cohort studies. JAMIA Open 2021; 4:ooab042. [PMID: 34169232 PMCID: PMC8220305 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Biomedical research involving social media data is gradually moving from population-level to targeted, cohort-level data analysis. Though crucial for biomedical studies, social media user’s demographic information (eg, gender) is often not explicitly known from profiles. Here, we present an automatic gender classification system for social media and we illustrate how gender information can be incorporated into a social media-based health-related study. Materials and Methods We used a large Twitter dataset composed of public, gender-labeled users (Dataset-1) for training and evaluating the gender detection pipeline. We experimented with machine learning algorithms including support vector machines (SVMs) and deep-learning models, and public packages including M3. We considered users’ information including profile and tweets for classification. We also developed a meta-classifier ensemble that strategically uses the predicted scores from the classifiers. We then applied the best-performing pipeline to Twitter users who have self-reported nonmedical use of prescription medications (Dataset-2) to assess the system’s utility. Results and Discussion We collected 67 181 and 176 683 users for Dataset-1 and Dataset-2, respectively. A meta-classifier involving SVM and M3 performed the best (Dataset-1 accuracy: 94.4% [95% confidence interval: 94.0–94.8%]; Dataset-2: 94.4% [95% confidence interval: 92.0–96.6%]). Including automatically classified information in the analyses of Dataset-2 revealed gender-specific trends—proportions of females closely resemble data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health 2018 (tranquilizers: 0.50 vs 0.50; stimulants: 0.50 vs 0.45), and the overdose Emergency Room Visit due to Opioids by Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (pain relievers: 0.38 vs 0.37). Conclusion Our publicly available, automated gender detection pipeline may aid cohort-specific social media data analyses (https://bitbucket.org/sarkerlab/gender-detection-for-public).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Garadi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer S Love
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeanmarie Perrone
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abeed Sarker
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Cunradi CB, Ponicki WR, Caetano R, Alter HJ. Frequency of Intimate Partner Violence among an Urban Emergency Department Sample: A Multilevel Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E222. [PMID: 33396705 PMCID: PMC7796012 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health problem. Within the U.S., urban emergency department (ED) patients have elevated prevalence of IPV, substance use, and other social problems compared to those in the general household population. Using a social-ecological framework, this cross-sectional study analyzes the extent to which individual, household, and neighborhood factors are associated with the frequency of IPV among a socially disadvantaged sample of urban ED patients. Confidential survey interviews were conducted with 1037 married/partnered study participants (46% male; 50% Hispanic; 29% African American) at a public safety-net hospital. Gender-stratified multilevel Tobit regression models were estimated for frequency of past-year physical IPV (perpetration and victimization) and frequency of severe IPV. Approximately 23% of participants reported IPV. Among men and women, impulsivity, adverse childhood experiences, substance use, and their spouse/partner's hazardous drinking were associated with IPV frequency. Additionally, household food insufficiency, being fired or laid off from their job, perceived neighborhood disorder, and neighborhood demographic characteristics were associated with IPV frequency among women. Similar patterns were observed in models of severe IPV frequency. IPV prevention strategies implemented in urban ED settings should address the individual, household, and neighborhood risk factors that are linked with partner aggression among socially disadvantaged couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol B. Cunradi
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (W.R.P.); (R.C.)
| | - William R. Ponicki
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (W.R.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Raul Caetano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 601, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; (W.R.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Harrison J. Alter
- Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Berkeley, CA 94703, USA;
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Cunradi CB, Ponicki WR, Alter HJ, Caetano R, Mair C, Lee J. Drinking Context-Specific Dose-Response Models of Intimate Partner Violence Among an Urban Emergency Department Sample. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2020; 81:780-789. [PMID: 33308408 PMCID: PMC7754842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 03/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study evaluates the association between physical intimate partner violence (IPV) and frequencies of drinking and volume consumed in six different contexts among a sample of urban emergency department (ED) patients. METHOD We obtained survey data from 1,037 married, cohabiting, or partnered patients (53% female; 50% Hispanic; 29% African American) at a Northern California safety-net hospital. Past-year physical IPV was measured with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale. We asked patients about frequency of drinking and usual number of drinks consumed at bars, restaurants, homes of friends or relatives, own home, public places such as street corners or parking lots, and community centers or large events. Gender-stratified dose-response models were estimated for frequencies of IPV perpetration and victimization, with adjustment for sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, marijuana use, and spouse/partner problem drinking. RESULTS None of the women's context-based frequency and volume measures were associated with frequency of IPV victimization. Women's volume of alcohol consumed at home was associated positively with frequency of their IPV perpetration (β = .008, SE = .003, p < .01), and volume consumed in public places was associated negatively with this outcome (β = -.023, SE = .010, p < .05). Among men, none of the context-based frequency and volume measures were associated with frequency of either IPV outcome. Spouse/partner's problem drinking was associated with each gender's IPV victimization, and with IPV perpetration by men. CONCLUSIONS Frequency of drinking and volume consumed in specific contexts do not substantively contribute to frequency of IPV perpetration or victimization in this sample of urban ED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol B. Cunradi
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - William R. Ponicki
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - Harrison J. Alter
- Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Highland Hospital – Alameda Health System, Oakland, California
| | - Raul Caetano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Berkeley, California
| | - Christina Mair
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Juliet Lee
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation, Berkeley, California
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Penzenstadler L, Gentil L, Huỳnh C, Grenier G, Fleury MJ. Variables associated with low, moderate and high emergency department use among patients with substance-related disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 207:107817. [PMID: 31887605 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study identified factors associated with frequency of emergency department (ED) use for medical reasons among patients with substance-related disorders (SRD) in Quebec (Canada) for 2014-15. METHODS Participants (n = 4731) were categorized as: 1) low (1 visit/year), 2) moderate (2 visits/year), and 3) high (3+ visits/year) ED users. Independent variables included predisposing, enabling and needs factors based on the Andersen Behavioral Model. Multinomial logistic regression identified associated variables. RESULTS Factors positively associated with moderate and high ED use included adjustment disorders, suicidal behavior, alcohol-induced disorders, less urgent to non-urgent illness acuity, referral to local health community services centers (LHCSC) at discharge, and living in a materially deprived area. Factors positively associated with high ED use only included anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders, drug use disorders, chronic physical illness, subacute problems, prior ED use for MD and/or SRD, prior LHCSC medical interventions, physician consultation within one month after discharge, living in very deprived or middle-class areas, and, negatively, being hospitalized for medical reasons in second ED visit. Moderate ED use only was negatively associated with alcohol intoxication and being referred to a GP at ED discharge. CONCLUSIONS Compared to low ED users, most high users with SRD were men presenting more complex and severe conditions. They visited ED mainly for subacute or non-urgent problems. Compared to low ED users, most moderate users had alcohol-induced disorders, less alcohol intoxication, and acute common MD. They visited ED mainly for non-urgent care. Diverse strategies should be implemented to reduce ED visits, targeting each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Penzenstadler
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (Research Centre), McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada; Service d'addictologie, Département de psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Genève, Rue du Grand-Pré 70c, 1202 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Lia Gentil
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (Research Centre), McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada; Institut universitaire sur les dépendances, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et des services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 950 Louvain East, Montréal, Québec H2M 2E8, Canada
| | - Christophe Huỳnh
- Institut universitaire sur les dépendances, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et des services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 950 Louvain East, Montréal, Québec H2M 2E8, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (Research Centre), McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (Research Centre), McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec H4H 1R3, Canada.
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López-Martínez AE, Reyes-Pérez Á, Serrano-Ibáñez ER, Esteve R, Ramírez-Maestre C. Chronic pain, posttraumatic stress disorder, and opioid intake: A systematic review. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:4254-4269. [PMID: 31911906 PMCID: PMC6940350 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i24.4254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature suggests that there is a high degree of co-occurrence between chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). An association has been found between PTSD and substance abuse. PTSD is a severe disorder that should be taken into account when opioids are prescribed. It has been found that the prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) in chronic pain patients is higher among those with PTSD than those without this disorder.
AIM To perform a systematic review on the association between PTSD, chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP), and opioid intake (i.e., prescription, misuse, and abuse).
METHODS We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Patient, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcomes (PICOS) criteria were formulated a priori in the protocol of the systematic review. A search was conducted of the PROSPERO database. In March 2019, searches were also conducted of 5 other databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PILOTS. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist for cohort studies was used to assess the selected studies for their methodological quality and risk of bias. Each study was evaluated according to its internal validity, participant sampling, confounding variables, and the statistical analysis.
RESULTS A total of 151 potentially eligible studies were identified of which 17 were retained for analysis. Only 10 met the selection criteria. All the studies were published between 2008 and 2018 and were conducted in the United States. The eligible studies included a total of 1622785 unique participants. Of these, 196516 had comorbid CNCP and PTSD and were consuming opiates. The participants had a cross-study mean age of 35.2 years. The majority of participants were men (81.6%). The most common chronic pain condition was musculoskeletal pain: back pain (47.14% across studies; range: 16%-60.6%), arthritis and joint pain (31.1%; range: 18%-67.5%), and neck pain (28.7%; range: 3.6%-63%). In total, 42.4% of the participants across studies had a diagnosis of PTSD (range: 4.7%-95%). In relation to opioid intake, we identified 2 different outcomes: opioid prescription and OUD. All the studies reported evidence of a greater prevalence of PTSD in CNCP patients who were receiving prescribed opioids and that PTSD was associated with OUD in CNCP patients.
CONCLUSION Opioid analgesic prescription as the treatment of choice for CNCP patients should include screening for baseline PTSD to ensure that these drugs are safely consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia E López-Martínez
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Ángela Reyes-Pérez
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Elena Rocío Serrano-Ibáñez
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Rosa Esteve
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Maestre
- Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Cunradi CB, Lee J, Pagano A, Caetano R, Alter HJ. Gender Differences in Smoking Among an Urban Emergency Department Sample. Tob Use Insights 2019; 12:1179173X19879136. [PMID: 31598064 PMCID: PMC6763935 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x19879136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Urban emergency department (ED) patients have elevated smoking and substance
use compared with the general population. We analyzed gender differences in
smoking among an urban ED sample and assessed the contribution of substance
use, demographic, and couple factors. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data obtained from a cross-sectional,
observational survey (N = 1037 participants) on drinking, drug use, and
intimate partner violence (IPV). Gender-specific logistic regression models
for current (past 30-day) smoking and multinomial regression models for
smoking intensity (light: ⩽5 cigarettes per day [CPD]; moderate: 6 to 10
CPD; heavier: >10 CPD) were estimated. Results: Smoking prevalence was higher among men than women (35.5% vs 18.9%;
P < .001). Substance use (frequency of intoxication,
marijuana, amphetamine, and cocaine use), demographic (food insufficiency,
unemployment), and couple-related factors (having a spouse/partner who
smoked, IPV involvement, being in a same-gender couple) were differentially
associated with current smoking and level of intensity among men and
women. Conclusions: Emergency department staff should consider the impact of polysubstance use,
food insufficiency, unemployment, and whether both partners in the couple
smoke when screening patients for smoking and formulating cessation
treatment plans. Women in same-gender relationships and those who have
experienced IPV involvement may require additional referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol B Cunradi
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Juliet Lee
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Anna Pagano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Raul Caetano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Harrison J Alter
- The Andrew Levitt Center for Social Emergency Medicine, Highland Hospital, Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA, USA
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Wani RJ, Wisdom JP, Wilson FA. Emergency Department Utilization for Substance Use-Related Disorders and Assessment of Treatment Facilities in New York State, 2011-2013. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:482-494. [PMID: 30380976 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1517801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annually, 1.8 million New York (NY) residents experience substance use disorders (SUDs). Even though emergency departments (EDs) continue to experience high numbers of SUD-related visits, only 15% receive treatment. OBJECTIVES This study estimates hospital-based EDs rates for SUDs in the State of New York. Also, the geographic distribution of substance use treatment centers and EDs are mapped to correlate utilization with access to care. METHODS The 2011-2013 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's NY State Emergency Department Database provided information on utilization of services in EDs, charges, diagnoses, and discharge, as well as patient demographic variables. All patients within NY who had visited the ED for SUDs comprised the study population. Geographic mapping of EDs and substance abuse treatment centers at the county-level is based on data from the National Emergency Department Inventory and National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services, respectively. RESULTS A total of 492,419 ED visits for SUDs were reported through 2011-2013. Despite NY's Medicaid expansion in 2012, ED visits increased in 2013. About $856 million was spent in treating SUDs in EDs, with average charge of $1,764 per visit. Conclusions/Importance: Alcohol and drug-induced mental disorders are increasingly prevalent in New York's EDs. There is a need to develop health policies and programs to improve access to care for SUDs in urban states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajvi J Wani
- a Department of Health Services Research, Administration and Policy, College of Public Health , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska , USA
| | - Jennifer P Wisdom
- b Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Innovation in Mental Health , City University of New York , New York , New York , USA
| | - Fernando A Wilson
- a Department of Health Services Research, Administration and Policy, College of Public Health , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska , USA
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Revuelta-Herrera A, Ruiz-Matus C, Jiménez-Corona ME, Rodríguez-González KG, Mendoza-Villavicencio I, Suarez-Garnica J, Calderón-Cruz B, Manjarrez-Palomares S, García-Vargas A, Salcedo-Ubilla M. Epidemiological overview of the consumption of drugs in women and its impact as immediate cause of death, Mexico 2001–2015. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2018.1489011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Revuelta-Herrera
- Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Kathia Guadalupe Rodríguez-González
- Department of Epidemiological Information Reception, Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Julio Suarez-Garnica
- Department of Epidemiological Information Reception, Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Calderón-Cruz
- Department of Epidemiological Information Analysis, Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Angélica García-Vargas
- Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Salcedo-Ubilla
- Directorate of Epidemiological Information, General Directorate of Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico
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López-Rodríguez JA, Rigabert A, Gómez Llano MN, Rubio G. [Drug using risks screening in primary care patients using the ASSIST test: Cross sectional study]. Aten Primaria 2018; 51:200-207. [PMID: 29551260 PMCID: PMC6839207 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo El objetivo es estimar la prevalencia de consumos de riesgo de drogas y patrones de consumo en atención primaria. Diseño Estudio multicéntrico descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento Cinco centros de salud del área Sur de Madrid. Participantes Población consultante en atención primaria entre 16-100 años. Mediciones Se utilizó el test ASSIST validado al castellano de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para el cribado de consumo de drogas. Se calculó la puntuación total para cada droga. Resultados Se realizaron un total de 441 cribados. La edad media fue de 51,3 años y un 56,1% presentó algún consumo de riesgo moderado o grave para alguna de las 9 sustancias cribadas. Las drogas con cribado de riesgo más consumidas fueron el tabaco (41,7%), el alcohol (15,4%), los sedantes o los hipnóticos (13,7%) y el cannabis (5,7%), encontrándose algunas diferencias: los hombres consumían más alcohol y cannabis; las mujeres tenían mayor consumo de sedantes/hipnóticos que los hombres. Se observó policonsumo en un 16% de los sujetos. Conclusiones Existen riesgos derivados del consumo tabaco, alcohol, sedantes y cannabis en atención primaria. Existe una mayor prevalencia de sedantes e hipnóticos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A López-Rodríguez
- Grupo semFyC de Salud Mental, Madrid, España; Centro de Salud Las Calesas, Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Madrid, España; Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en enfermedades crónicas (REDISECC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - Alina Rigabert
- Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - M Nieves Gómez Llano
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Gabriel Rubio
- Centro de Salud Las Calesas, Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Gerencia de Atención Primaria, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España; Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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Cannon RD, Beauchamp GA, Roth P, Stephens J, Burmeister DB, Richardson DM, Balbi AM, Park TD, Dusza SW, Greenberg MR. Sex Differences in Prevalence of Emergency Department Patient Substance Use. Clin Ther 2018; 40:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Koons AL, Rayl Greenberg M, Cannon RD, Beauchamp GA. Women and the Experience of Pain and Opioid Use Disorder: A Literature-based Commentary. Clin Ther 2018; 40:190-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ghaderi A, Motmaen M, Abdi I, Rasouli-Azad M. Gender differences in substance use patterns and disorders among an Iranian patient sample receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5354-5362. [PMID: 29038721 PMCID: PMC5633237 DOI: 10.19082/5354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current prevalence rate of substance abuse and dependence, represents an increasing trend of substance abuse and dependence among women, and the results of epidemiology studies indicate that substance use patterns are different between men and women. This study aimed to determine gender differences in substance use patterns and disorders among the patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted throughout a specified time bracket ranging from September 2012 through March 2013 in Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) clinics of Mashhad, Iran. In this study, 140 men and 120 women were selected from among the patients referring to MMT clinics in Mashhad through purposeful sampling method. The sample units were assessed using a demographic information questionnaire and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (SCID). The data were then analyzed by Chi Square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Independent-samples t-test. SPSS software 16 was used to conduct statistical analyses with P values less than 0.05 regarded as significant. RESULTS The results showed that men and women are significantly different from each other in terms of marital status (p=0.001), education (p=0.001), income (p=0.001), history of injection (p=0.002), imprisonment (p=0.001), and substance use abstention (p=0.023). It was also revealed that methamphetamine dependence (p=0.017) and simultaneous use of multiple substances (p=0.001) in the past 12 months were diagnosed, to a larger extent, in male participants than those in female participants. In addition, the diagnoses of nicotine dependence (p=0.001), cannabis abuse (p=0.001), heroin dependence (p=0.001), and substance abuse and alcohol dependence (p=0.001) during a lifetime were more frequently existing in males than those in females. CONCLUSION There are gender differences in substance use patterns and disorders that appear to be caused by the degree of access to substances and the impacts of cultural and social aspects on men and women in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghaderi
- Ph.D. Candidate of Addiction Studies, Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Motmaen
- M.D., Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
| | - Iraj Abdi
- Ph.D. Candidate of Health Services Management, Department of Health Services Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morad Rasouli-Azad
- Ph.D. of Clinical Psychology, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran.,Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran
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Problem alcohol use and healthcare utilization among persons with cannabis use disorder in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 178:477-484. [PMID: 28711814 PMCID: PMC5573168 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergency department (ED) and hospital settings represent crucial opportunities for engaging treatment for cannabis use disorder (CUD). Thus, there is a need to identify factors associated with healthcare utilization among persons with CUD to improve screening and intervention approaches. Problematic alcohol use may be a salient risk factor. METHODS Using data from the 2005-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, we determined factors, including different patterns of alcohol use, associated with past-year ED admission and inpatient hospitalization among persons aged 12 years or older meeting criteria for CUD in the past year (N=16,757). We also determined the prevalence and correlates of problem alcohol use among persons with CUD to further inform its association with healthcare utilization. RESULTS Among persons with CUD, 40.15% and 10.04% reported past-year ED admission and inpatient hospitalization, respectively. Severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) (≥6 AUD symptoms), female sex, Black race, low income, major depressive episode (MDE), and other substance use disorders were associated with increased odds of healthcare utilization; current (i.e., last month) alcohol use patterns were not. Persons with CUD that were males, ages 18-25 (vs. ages 12-17), Hispanic (vs. White), and with low income, other drug use disorders, or MDE had increased odds of AUD. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that screening and intervention efforts for improving treatment initiation or engagement for CUD may target cannabis-using women, blacks, low-income adults or those with severe AUD in the past year, another substance use disorder, or MDE.
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