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Psarianos A, Chryssanthopoulos C, Theocharis A, Paparrigopoulos T, Philippou A. Effects of a Two-Month Exercise Training Program on Concurrent Non-Opiate Substance Use in Opioid-Dependent Patients during Substitution Treatment. J Clin Med 2024; 13:941. [PMID: 38398255 PMCID: PMC10888880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a two-month exercise intervention on the concurrent non-opiate substance use (alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, and benzodiazepines) in opioid users during their medication treatment. METHODS Ninety opioid users (41 females) in methadone and buprenorphine medication treatment were randomly divided into four groups: (a) buprenorphine experimental (BEX; n = 26, aged 41.9 ± 6.1 yrs); (b) buprenorphine control (BCON; n = 25, aged 41.9 ± 5.6 yrs); (c) methadone experimental (MEX; n = 20, aged 46.7 ± 6.6 yrs); and (d) methadone control (MCON; n = 19, aged 46.1 ± 7.5 yrs). The experimental groups (BEX and MEX) followed an aerobic exercise training program on a treadmill for 20 min at 70% HRmax, 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics, as well as non-opioid drug use in days and quantity per week, were assessed before and after the intervention period. RESULTS Following the exercise training, the weekly non-opioid substance consumption (days) decreased (p < 0.05) in both exercise groups and was lower in BEX compared to MEX, while no differences were observed (p > 0.05) between the control groups (BCON vs. MCON) or compared to their baseline levels. Similarly, the daily amount of non-opiate substance intake was reduced (p < 0.05) post-training in BEX and MEX, whereas it did not differ (p > 0.05) in BCON and MCON compared to the baseline. CONCLUSIONS The two-month exercise intervention reduced the non-opioid drug use in both the methadone and buprenorphine substitution groups compared to the controls, suggesting that aerobic exercise training may be an effective strategy for treating patients with OUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Psarianos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.P.)
- Greek Organization Against Drugs (OΚAΝA), 10433 Athens, Greece;
| | - Costas Chryssanthopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Thomas Paparrigopoulos
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.P.)
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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Cherenack EM, Stein MD, Abrantes AM, Busch A, Pinkston MM, Baker JV, Uebelacker LA. The relationship between substance use and physical activity among people living with HIV, chronic pain, and symptoms of depression: a cross-sectional analysis. AIDS Care 2023; 35:170-181. [PMID: 36260055 PMCID: PMC10038820 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2136349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTChronic pain, depression, and substance use are common among people living with HIV (PLWH). Physical activity can improve pain and mental health. Some substances such as cannabis may alleviate pain, which may allow PLWH to participate in more physical activity. However, risks of substance use include poorer mental health and HIV clinical outcomes. This cross-sectional analysis examined the relationships of self-reported substance use (alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use), gender, and age with self-reports of walking, moderate physical activity, and vigorous physical activity, converted to Metabolic Equivalent of Task Units (METs), among 187 adults living with HIV, chronic pain, and depressive symptoms in the United States. Women reported less walking, vigorous activity, and total physical activity compared to men. Individuals who used cannabis reported more vigorous physical activity relative to those who did not use cannabis. These findings were partially accounted for by substance use*gender interactions: men using cannabis reported more vigorous activity than all other groups, and women with alcohol use reported less walking than men with and without alcohol use. Research is needed to increase physical activity among women who use substances and to evaluate reasons for the relationship between substance use and physical activity among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Cherenack
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michael D. Stein
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana M. Abrantes
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrew Busch
- Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Megan M. Pinkston
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Lifespan Physicians Group, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jason V. Baker
- Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lisa A. Uebelacker
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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3
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Marrero-Cristobal G, Gelpi-Dominguez U, Morales-Silva R, Alvarado-Torres J, Perez-Torres J, Perez-Perez Y, Sepulveda-Orengo M. Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:1602-1642. [PMID: 34850988 PMCID: PMC9156662 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the prevalence and public health impact of substance use disorders (SUDs), effective long-term treatments remain elusive. Aerobic exercise is a promising, nonpharmacological treatment currently under investigation as a strategy for preventing drug relapse. Aerobic exercise could be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment regimens for people with substance abuse disorders. Preclinical studies of SUD with animal models have shown that aerobic exercise diminishes drug-seeking behavior, which leads to relapse, in both male and female rats. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects of substance abuse-induced cellular and physiological adaptations believed to be responsible for drug-seeking behavior. Accordingly, the overall goal of this review is to provide a summary and an assessment of findings to date, highlighting evidence of the molecular and neurological effects of exercise on adaptations associated with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Gelpi-Dominguez
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Roberto Morales-Silva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - John Alvarado-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Joshua Perez-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Yobet Perez-Perez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Marian Sepulveda-Orengo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
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4
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Liang W, Chen J, Chen W. [Aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I upregulates phase-Ⅱ detoxification enzymes to alleviate obstructive jaundice-induced central nervous system injury in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1192-1199. [PMID: 32895170 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.08.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I (HWTX-I)-mediated Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway on phase II detoxification enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 and their protective effects against obstructive jaundice (OJ)-induced central nervous system injury in mice. METHODS 50 male KM mice were randomly divided into blank group (GO), model group (M), aerobic exercise group (T), HWTX-I group (H), and aerobic exercise combined with HWTX-I group (TH). Mouse models of OJ were established with surgical suture for 72 h in the mice in all the groups except for the blank control group. The mice received interventions by aerobic exercise and tail vein injection of HWTX-I (0.05 μg/g) and were assessed by behavioral observation, Clark's neurological function scores, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), brain tissue Nissl staining, hippocampal tissue Western blotting, and liver tissue mRNA expression profiling and sequencing. RESULTS The mice in group M had obvious jaundice symptoms after the operation with significantly increased Clark's neurological score (P < 0.01). Compared with those in group M, the mice in group T, group H, and group TH showed significantly decreased serum levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, and TBA (P < 0.01) with increased contents of 5-HT and BDNF and decreased contents of S100B and NSE in the hippocampus (P < 0.01). Synergistic effects between aerobic exercise and HWTX-I were noted on the above parameters except for the liver function indicators. Interventions with aerobic exercise and HWTX-I, alone or in combination, obviously lessened pathologies in the brain tissue induced by OJ, and the combined treatment produced the strongest effect. The treatment also increased the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 mRNA and protein in brain tissues (P < 0.01 or 0.05) with a synergistic effect between aerobic exercise and HWTX-I. Illumina high-throughput sequencing showed that the differentially expressed factors participated mainly in such neural regulatory pathways as neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, GABAergic synapses, dopaminergic synapses, synaptic vesicle circulation, and axon guidance, involving tissue cell neuronal signal transduction, apoptosis inhibition, immune response, and toxicity. Aerobic exercise and HWTX-I synergistically increased the accumulation of the signal pathways related with neuron damage repair and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise combined with HWTX-I can up-regulate the expression of phase Ⅱ detoxification enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway to protect the central nervous system against OJ-induced damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Shantou Polytechnic, Shantou 515071, China
| | - Jiaqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hunan Sports Vocational College, Changsha 410019, China
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5
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Abstract
There are vast literatures on the neural effects of alcohol and the neural effects of exercise. Simply put, exercise is associated with brain health, alcohol is not, and the mechanisms by which exercise benefits the brain directly counteract the mechanisms by which alcohol damages it. Although a degree of brain recovery naturally occurs upon cessation of alcohol consumption, effective treatments for alcohol-induced brain damage are badly needed, and exercise is an excellent candidate from a mechanistic standpoint. In this chapter, we cover the small but growing literature on the interactive neural effects of alcohol and exercise, and the capacity of exercise to repair alcohol-induced brain damage. Increasingly, exercise is being used as a component of treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUD), not because it reverses alcohol-induced brain damage, but because it represents a rewarding, alcohol-free activity that could reduce alcohol cravings and improve comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression. It is important to bear in mind, however, that multiple studies attest to a counterintuitive positive relationship between alcohol intake and exercise. We therefore conclude with cautionary notes regarding the use of exercise to repair the brain after alcohol damage.
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Ikuta T, Loprinzi PD. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness on interhemispheric hippocampal and parahippocampal functional connectivity. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:1871-1877. [PMID: 30719776 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Interhemispheric functional connectivity is associated with cognitive functioning. Although previous work has evaluated the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive function, there has been a limited investigation of the association of cardiorespiratory fitness on the functional connectivity of memory-related brain structures. As such, the objective of this study was to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity. Data from the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample (NKI-RS) were utilized. Our analysis consisted of 284 participants (Mage = 43 years; 62% female). Cardiorespiratory fitness was objectively measured using a cycle ergometer protocol. Parahippocampal and hippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity were assessed from fMRI. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with greater parahippocampal (β = 0.004; CI, 0.00009 to 0.008, p = 0.04), but not hippocampal (β = 0.001; CI, -0.002 to 0.005, p = 0.44) interhemispheric functional connectivity. In conclusion, enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness may facilitate parahippocampal interhemispheric functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Ikuta
- Digital Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Exercise and Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
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Chen J, Hutchison KE, Bryan AD, Filbey FM, Calhoun VD, Claus ED, Lin D, Sui J, Du Y, Liu J. Opposite Epigenetic Associations With Alcohol Use and Exercise Intervention. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:594. [PMID: 30498460 PMCID: PMC6249510 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a devastating public health problem in which both genetic and environmental factors play a role. Growing evidence supports that epigenetic regulation is one major mechanism in neuroadaptation that contributes to development of AUD. Meanwhile, epigenetic patterns can be modified by various stimuli including exercise. Thus, it is an intriguing question whether exercise can lead to methylation changes that are opposite to those related to drinking. We herein conducted a comparative study to explore this issue. Three cohorts were profiled for DNA methylation (DNAm), including a longitudinal exercise intervention cohort (53 healthy participants profiled at baseline and after a 12-months exercise intervention), a cross-sectional case-control cohort (81 hazardous drinkers and 81 healthy controls matched in age and sex), and a cross-sectional binge drinking cohort (281 drinkers). We identified 906 methylation sites showing significant DNAm differences between drinkers and controls in the case-control cohort, as well as, associations with drinking behavior in the drinking cohort. In parallel, 341 sites were identified for significant DNAm alterations between baseline and follow-up in the exercise cohort. Thirty-two sites overlapped between these two set of findings, of which 15 sites showed opposite directions of DNAm associations between exercise and drinking. Annotated genes of these 15 sites were enriched in signaling pathways related to synaptic plasticity. In addition, the identified methylation sites significantly associated with impaired control over drinking, suggesting relevance to neural function. Collectively, the current findings provide preliminary evidence that exercise has the potential to partially reverse DNAm differences associated with drinking at some CpG sites, motivating rigorously designed longitudinal studies to better characterize epigenetic effects with respect to prevention and intervention of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Kent E Hutchison
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Angela D Bryan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Francesca M Filbey
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Eric D Claus
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Dongdong Lin
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jing Sui
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Du
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,School of Computer & Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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Damian AJ, Mendelson T. Association of Physical Activity with Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in a Nationally-Representative U.S. Sample. Subst Use Misuse 2017; 52:1744-1750. [PMID: 28704120 PMCID: PMC5794006 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1310245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use is a pervasive and costly public health problem in the United States. Relapse rates from alcohol use disorders are high. Although exercise has been proposed as a strategy to prevent relapse, lifestyle modification is the least studied aspect of relapse prevention programs, especially among racial/ethnic minority populations. OBJECTIVE The current study assessed whether being physically active was associated with remission from alcohol abuse or dependence among Black (African American and Afro Caribbean) adults in the U.S. METHOD We utilized data on Black adult participants (n = 4,828) from the nationally representative National Survey of American Life (NSAL) conducted in 2001-2003. Logistic regression models were estimated to assess the odds of being in 12-month remission or currently meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence based on level of physical activity, adjusting for socio-demographic and neighborhood characteristics. RESULTS People who endorsed being physically active had higher odds of being in 12-month remission from alcohol use problems (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.17) than people who were physically inactive, adjusting for individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics. People who were physically active did not differ significantly from those who were inactive with respect to odds of currently meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence. Conclusions/Importance: Physical activity was positively associated with being in 12-month remission from alcohol use problems. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporal ordering and to explore exercise as a potential relapse prevention strategy for alcohol use problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Joy Damian
- a Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health , Johns Hopkins University , North Broadway, Hampton House, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Tamar Mendelson
- a Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health , Johns Hopkins University , North Broadway, Hampton House, Baltimore , Maryland , USA
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Zahr NM. Structural and microstructral imaging of the brain in alcohol use disorders. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2016; 125:275-90. [PMID: 25307581 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62619-6.00017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), by enabling rigorous in vivo study of the longitudinal, dynamic course of alcoholism through periods of drinking, sobriety, and relapse, has enabled characterization of the effects of chronic alcoholism on the brain in the human condition. Importantly, MRI has distinguished alcohol-related brain effects that are permanent versus those that are reversible with abstinence. In support of postmortem neuropathologic studies showing degeneration of white matter, MRI has shown a specific vulnerability of brain white matter to chronic alcohol exposure by demonstrating white-matter volume deficits, yet not leaving selective gray-matter structures unscathed. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), by permitting microstructural characterization of white matter, has extended MRI findings in alcoholics. This review focuses on MRI and DTI findings in common concomitants of alcoholism, including Wernicke's encephalopathy, Korsakoff's syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, central pontine myelinolysis, alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, alcoholic dementia, and Marchiafava-Bignami disease as a framework for findings in so-called "uncomplicated alcoholism," and also covers findings in abstinence and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
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10
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Bardo MT, Compton WM. Does physical activity protect against drug abuse vulnerability? Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 153:3-13. [PMID: 26091750 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current review examined recent literature to determine our state of knowledge about the potential ability of physical activity serve as a protectant against drug abuse vulnerability. METHODS Both preclinical and clinical studies were examined using either associational or random assignment study designs. In addition to examining drug use as an outcome variable, the potential neural mediators linking physical activity and drug abuse vulnerability were examined. CONCLUSIONS Several important conclusions may be drawn. First, the preclinical evidence is solid in showing that physical activity in various forms is able to serve as both a preventive and treatment intervention that reduces drug use, although voluntary alcohol drinking appears to be an exception to this conclusion. Second, the clinical evidence provides some evidence, albeit mixed, to suggest a beneficial effect of physical activity on tobacco dependent individuals. In contrast, there exists only circumstantial evidence that physical activity may reduce use of drugs other than nicotine, and there is essentially no solid information from random control studies to know if physical activity may prevent initiation of problem use. Finally, both preclinical and clinical evidence shows that various brain systems are altered by physical activity, with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) serving as one potential node that may mediate the putative link between physical activity and drug abuse vulnerability. It is concluded that novel neurobehavioral approaches taking advantage of novel techniques for assessing the physiological impact of physical activity are needed and can be used to inform the longitudinal random control studies that will answer definitively the question posed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Bardo
- Department of Psychology and Center for Drug Abuse Research Translation, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0509, USA.
| | - Wilson M Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Boulevard, MSC 9581, Bethesda, MD 20892-9581, USA
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Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Stubbs B, Soundy A, De Herdt A, Detraux J, Probst M. A systematic review of physical activity correlates in alcohol use disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2015; 29:196-201. [PMID: 26165972 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity might promote mental and physical health in persons with alcohol use disorder. Understanding the barriers and facilitators of participation in physical activity in persons with alcohol use disorder is an essential first step in order to devise effective physical activity interventions. OBJECTIVE The present review provides a systematic quantitative review of the correlates of physical activity in people with alcohol use disorder. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched by two independent authors from inception until June 2014. Keywords included 'physical activity' or 'exercise' and 'alcohol dependence' or 'alcohol abuse' or 'alcohol use disorders' or 'alcoholism'. RESULTS Five papers evaluating 14 correlates were included. Three studies reported that alcohol dependence was unrelated to physical activity behavior, while alcohol abuse showed positive associations in 2 studies. No demographic variable was related with physical activity participation. Functional impairments and distress associated with alcohol use disorders including increased smoking rates, obesity, anxiety, depression and a lower self-efficacy may limit one's ability to be physically active. Data on social, environmental and policy related factors are currently lacking. No included study assessed physical activity levels utilizing objective measurements (e.g. pedometers, accelerometers). CONCLUSION Although the literature on physical activity correlates in persons with alcohol use disorder still is equivocal, our varied findings support the hypothesis that the participation in physical activity by people with alcohol use disorder is determined by a range of complex factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Marc De Hert
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Andrew Soundy
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Amber De Herdt
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Detraux
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Michel Probst
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Kortenberg, Kortenberg, Belgium; KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Swagerman SC, de Geus EJ, Koenis MM, Hulshoff Pol HE, Boomsma DI, Kan KJ. Domain dependent associations between cognitive functioning and regular voluntary exercise behavior. Brain Cogn 2015; 97:32-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Karoly HC, Weiland BJ, Sabbineni A, Hutchison KE. Preliminary functional MRI results from a combined stop-signal alcohol-cue task. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2015; 75:664-73. [PMID: 24988265 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2014.75.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals suffering from alcohol use disorders tend to show impairments in inhibitory control, and these deficits may be exacerbated in the presence of craving-inducing alcohol cues. Imbalances between neural reward and control networks can influence the trajectory of alcohol use disorders such that individuals for whom the reward (craving) network strongly overpowers the control (inhibition) network tend to have worse outcomes. Brain activation related to inhibitory control can be examined using the stop-signal task (SST), which requires balancing speed and accuracy in the context of frequent go and infrequent stop stimuli. Further, brain areas related to cue-induced craving can be studied using visual cue tasks comparing neural responses to alcohol and control images. This study aims to explore the interaction of inhibitory control and cue-elicited craving using a single functional neuroimaging task. METHOD We developed a novel task involving presentation of alcohol and control cues concurrently with a standard SST paradigm and administered it to 53 heavy drinkers (29 women). RESULTS Successful response inhibition during alcohol compared to control picture trials was associated with significant activation in anterior cingulate, supplementary motor, and frontal inferior regions, and this activation was differentially related to alcohol use symptom severity across several self-report measures. CONCLUSIONS RESULTS suggest that recruitment of compensatory error detection and inhibitory control resources may be required for successful inhibition in the presence of alcohol cues among more severe drinkers. These preliminary findings support the construct validity of the task and indicate several methodological alterations to the task's design that should be implemented in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis C Karoly
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Barbara J Weiland
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Amithrupa Sabbineni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Kent E Hutchison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
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14
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Wang D, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li R, Zhou C. Impact of physical exercise on substance use disorders: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110728. [PMID: 25330437 PMCID: PMC4199732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this meta-analysis was to examine whether long-term physical exercise could be a potential effective treatment for substance use disorders (SUD). METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, CNKI and China Info were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies in regards to the effects of physical exercise on SUD between the years 1990 and 2013. Four main outcome measures including abstinence rate, withdrawal symptoms, anxiety, and depression were evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were integrated in the meta-analysis. The results indicated that physical exercise can effectively increase the abstinence rate (OR = 1.69 (95% CI: 1.44, 1.99), z = 6.33, p < 0.001), ease withdrawal symptoms (SMD = -1.24 (95% CI: -2.46, -0.02), z = -2, p<0.05), and reduce anxiety (SMD = -0.31 (95% CI: -0.45, -0.16), z = -4.12, p < 0.001) and depression (SMD = -0.47 (95% CI: -0.80, -0.14), z = -2.76, p<0.01). The physical exercise can more ease the depression symptoms on alcohol and illicit drug abusers than nicotine abusers, and more improve the abstinence rate on illicit drug abusers than the others. Similar treatment effects were found in three categories: exercise intensity, types of exercise, and follow-up periods. CONCLUSIONS The moderate and high-intensity aerobic exercises, designed according to the Guidelines of American College of Sports Medicine, and the mind-body exercises can be an effective and persistent treatment for those with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshi Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Rena Li
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education, Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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