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Wu KJ, Wang YS, Hung TW, Bae EK, Chen YH, Kim CK, Yoo DW, Kim GS, Yu SJ. Herbal formula PM012 induces neuroprotection in stroke brain. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281421. [PMID: 36812289 PMCID: PMC9946208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability world-wide. Limited pharmacological therapy has been used in stroke patients. Previous studies indicated that herb formula PM012 is neuroprotective against neurotoxin trimethyltin in rat brain, and improved learning and memory in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Its action in stroke has not been reported. This study aims to determine PM012-mediated neural protection in cellular and animal models of stroke. Glutamate-mediated neuronal loss and apoptosis were examined in rat primary cortical neuronal cultures. Cultured cells were overexpressed with a Ca++ probe (gCaMP5) by AAV1 and were used to examine Ca++ influx (Ca++i). Adult rats received PM012 before transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Brain tissues were collected for infarction and qRTPCR analysis. In rat primary cortical neuronal cultures, PM012 significantly antagonized glutamate-mediated TUNEL and neuronal loss, as well as NMDA-mediated Ca++i. PM012 significantly reduced brain infarction and improved locomotor activity in stroke rats. PM012 attenuated the expression of IBA1, IL6, and CD86, while upregulated CD206 in the infarcted cortex. ATF6, Bip, CHOP, IRE1, and PERK were significantly down-regulated by PM012. Using HPLC, two potential bioactive molecules, paeoniflorin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, were identified in the PM012 extract. Taken together, our data suggest that PM012 is neuroprotective against stroke. The mechanisms of action involve inhibition of Ca++i, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Syuan Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wei Hung
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Eun-Kyung Bae
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Dai-Won Yoo
- Mediforum Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Miller DR, Bu M, Gopinath A, Martinez LR, Khoshbouei H. Methamphetamine Dysregulation of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Immunity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 379:372-385. [PMID: 34535563 PMCID: PMC9351721 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant that increases extracellular monoamines, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, and affects multiple tissue and cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral immune cells. The reinforcing properties of METH underlie its significant abuse potential and dysregulation of peripheral immunity and central nervous system functions. Together, the constellation of METH's effects on cellular targets and regulatory processes has led to immune suppression and neurodegeneration in METH addicts and animal models of METH exposure. Here we extensively review many of the cell types and mechanisms of METH-induced dysregulation of the central nervous and peripheral immune systems. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Emerging research has begun to show that methamphetamine regulates dopaminergic neuronal activity. In addition, METH affects non-neuronal brain cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, and immunological cells of the periphery. Concurrent disruption of bidirectional communication between dopaminergic neurons and glia in the CNS and peripheral immune cell dysregulation gives rise to a constellation of dysfunctional neuronal, cell, and tissue types. Therefore, understanding the pathophysiology of METH requires consideration of the multiple targets at the interface between basic and clinical neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine (D.R.M., M.B., A.G., H.K.), and Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry (L.R.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mengfei Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine (D.R.M., M.B., A.G., H.K.), and Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry (L.R.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Adithya Gopinath
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine (D.R.M., M.B., A.G., H.K.), and Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry (L.R.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Luis R Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine (D.R.M., M.B., A.G., H.K.), and Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry (L.R.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine (D.R.M., M.B., A.G., H.K.), and Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry (L.R.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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Wu M, Su H, Zhao M. The Role of α-Synuclein in Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1007-1021. [PMID: 33555547 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH), a highly addictive psychostimulant, is the second most widely used illicit drug. METH produces damage dopamine neurons and apoptosis via multiple inter-regulating mechanisms, including dopamine overload, hyperthermia, oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein degradation system dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic METH abuse is associated with neurodegenerative changes in the human brain and an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). METH use and PD may share some common steps in causing neurotoxicity. Accumulation of α-synuclein, a presynaptic protein, is the pathological hallmark of PD. Intriguingly, α-synuclein upregulation and aggregation are also found in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in chronic METH users. This suggests α-synuclein may play a role in METH-induced neurotoxicity. The mechanism of α-synuclein cytotoxicity in PD has attracted considerable attention; however, how α-synuclein affects METH-induced neurotoxicity has not been reviewed. In this review, we summarize the relationship between METH use and PD, interdependent mechanisms that are involved in METH-induced neurotoxicity and the significance of α-synuclein upregulation in response to METH use. The identification of α-synuclein overexpression and aggregation as a contributor to METH-induced neurotoxicity may provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of the deleterious effect of this drug and drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqing Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Sun JH, Liu XY, Song RH, Li T, Tan X, Zhang XH, Pang KK, Shen JY, Yue QW. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide promotes synaptic plasticity gene expression through regulation N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor/Ca 2+/Erk1/2 pathway. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 64:266-273. [DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_42_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Cisneros IE, Ghorpade A, Borgmann K. Methamphetamine Activates Trace Amine Associated Receptor 1 to Regulate Astrocyte Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter-2 via Differential CREB Phosphorylation During HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Front Neurol 2020; 11:593146. [PMID: 33324330 PMCID: PMC7724046 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.593146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) use, referred to as methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), results in neurocognitive decline, a characteristic shared with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). MUD exacerbates HAND partly through glutamate dysregulation. Astrocyte excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT)-2 is responsible for >90% of glutamate uptake from the synaptic environment and is significantly decreased with METH and HIV-1. Our previous work demonstrated astrocyte trace amine associated receptor (TAAR) 1 to be involved in EAAT-2 regulation. Astrocyte EAAT-2 is regulated at the transcriptional level by cAMP responsive element binding (CREB) protein and NF-κB, transcription factors activated by cAMP, calcium and IL-1β. Second messengers, cAMP and calcium, are triggered by TAAR1 activation, which is upregulated by IL-1β METH-mediated increases in these second messengers and signal transduction pathways have not been shown to directly decrease astrocyte EAAT-2. We propose CREB activation serves as a master regulator of EAAT-2 transcription, downstream of METH-induced TAAR1 activation. To investigate the temporal order of events culminating in CREB activation, genetically encoded calcium indicators, GCaMP6s, were used to visualize METH-induced calcium signaling in primary human astrocytes. RNA interference and pharmacological inhibitors targeting or blocking cAMP-dependent protein kinase A and calcium/calmodulin kinase II confirmed METH-induced regulation of EAAT-2 and resultant glutamate clearance. Furthermore, we investigated METH-mediated CREB phosphorylation at both serine 133 and 142, the co-activator and co-repressor forms, respectively. Overall, this work revealed METH-induced differential CREB phosphorylation is a critical regulator for EAAT-2 function and may thus serve as a mechanistic target for the attenuation of METH-induced excitotoxicity in the context of HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma E Cisneros
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Anuja Ghorpade
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Kathleen Borgmann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
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Yorgason JT, Hedges DM, Obray JD, Jang EY, Bills KB, Woodbury M, Williams B, Parsons MJ, Andres MA, Steffensen SC. Methamphetamine increases dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens through calcium-dependent processes. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1317-1330. [PMID: 31965252 PMCID: PMC7196509 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Methamphetamine (METH) enhances exocytotic dopamine (DA) signals and induces DA transporter (DAT)-mediated efflux in brain striatal regions such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Blocking sigma receptors prevents METH-induced DA increases. Sigma receptor activation induces Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, which may be responsible for METH-induced DA increases. OBJECTIVES The role of intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ in METH-induced DA increases and associated behavior was tested. METHODS METH-induced Ca2+ release was measured in hNPC-derived DA cells using ratiometric Ca2+ imaging. In mouse brain slices, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was used to measure METH effects on two measures of dopamine: electrically stimulated and DAT-mediated efflux. Intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ was removed through pharmacological blockade of Ca2+ permeable channels (Cd2+ and IP3 sensitive channels), intracellular Ca2+ chelation (BAPTA-AM), or non-inclusion (zero Ca2+). Lastly, METH effects on dopamine-mediated locomotor behavior were tested in rats. Rats received intra-NAc injections of ACSF or 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB; IP3 receptor blocker) and intraperitoneal METH (5 mg/kg) to test the role of intracellular Ca2+ release in DA-mediated behaviors. RESULTS Reducing Ca2+ extracellular levels and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores prevented intracellular Ca2+ release. Intracellular Ca2+ chelation and blocking intracellular Ca2+ release reduced METH effects on voltammetric measures of dopamine. Blocking intracellular Ca2+ release via 2-APB resulted in increased METH-induced circling behavior. CONCLUSIONS METH induces NAc DA release through intracellular Ca2+ activity. Blocking intracellular Ca2+ release prevents METH effects on DA signals and related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T. Yorgason
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - David M. Hedges
- Brigham Young University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Provo, Utah
| | - J. Daniel Obray
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - Eun Young Jang
- Research Center for Safety Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology; Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyle B. Bills
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - Mark Woodbury
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - Ben Williams
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - Mandy J. Parsons
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah
| | - Marilou A. Andres
- University of Hawaii at Manoa, Pacific Biosciences Research Center; Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology/Neuroscience; Provo, Utah,Corresponding Author: Scott C. Steffensen, 1050 SWKT, Brigham Young University, Provo UT, 84602, Tel: 801-422-9499, Fax: 801-422-0602,
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Yu SJ, Wu KJ, Bae E, Wang YS, Chiang CW, Kuo LW, Harvey BK, Greig NH, Wang Y. Post-treatment with Posiphen Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Neurodegeneration in Stroke Brain. iScience 2020; 23:100866. [PMID: 32058974 PMCID: PMC7013187 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors have protective and anti-inflammatory actions against brain injury, mediated by nicotinic α7 cholinergic receptor activation. The use of AChE inhibitors in patients is limited by systemic cholinergic side effects. Posiphen, a stereoisomer of the AChE inhibitor Phenserine, lacks AChE inhibitor activity. The purpose of this study is to determine the protective effect of Posiphen in cellular and animal models of stroke. Both Posiphen and Phenserine reduced glutamate-mediated neuronal loss in co-cultures of primary cortical cells and microglia. Phenserine-, but not Posiphen-, mediated neuroprotection was diminished by the nicotinic α7 receptor antagonist methyllycaconitine. Posiphen antagonized NMDA-mediated Ca++ influx, thapsigargin-mediated neuronal loss and ER stress in cultured cells. Early post-treatment with Posiphen reduced ER stress signals, IBA1 immunoreactivity, TUNEL and infarction in the ischemic cortex, as well as neurological deficits in stroke rats. These findings indicate that Posiphen is neuroprotective against stroke through regulating Ca++i and ER stress. Posiphen induces protection in cell culture through noncholinergic mechanism Posiphen attenuates glutamate-mediated Ca++i and ER stress in neuronal culture Posiphen mitigates ER stress in stroke brain Posiphen reduces neurodegeneration in stroke rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Eunkyung Bae
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Syuan Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2′-Fucosyllactose Reduces Neurodegeneration in Stroke Brain. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:1001-1011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin in methamphetamine-treated male rats. Neurosci Lett 2019; 707:134304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pifithrin-Alpha Reduces Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity in Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:347-356. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Li Y, Wu KJ, Yu SJ, Tamargo IA, Wang Y, Greig NH. Neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of oxyntomodulin in neuronal cells and a rat model of stroke. Exp Neurol 2016; 288:104-113. [PMID: 27856285 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proglucagon-derived peptides, especially glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its long-acting mimetics, have exhibited neuroprotective effects in animal models of stroke. Several of these peptides are in clinical trials for stroke. Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a proglucagon-derived peptide that co-activates the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and the glucagon receptor (GCGR). The neuroprotective action of OXM, however, has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of OXM was first examined in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells and rat primary cortical neurons. GLP-1R and GCGR antagonists, and inhibitors of various signaling pathways were used in cell culture to characterize the mechanisms of action of OXM. To evaluate translation in vivo, OXM-mediated neuroprotection was assessed in a 60-min, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rat model of stroke. We found that OXM dose- and time-dependently increased cell viability and protected cells from glutamate toxicity and oxidative stress. These neuroprotective actions of OXM were mainly mediated through the GLP-1R. OXM induced intracellular cAMP production and activated cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Furthermore, inhibition of the PKA and MAPK pathways, but not inhibition of the PI3K pathway, significantly attenuated the OXM neuroprotective actions. Intracerebroventricular administration of OXM significantly reduced cerebral infarct size and improved locomotor activities in MCAo stroke rats. Therefore, we conclude that OXM is neuroprotective against ischemic brain injury. The mechanisms of action involve induction of intracellular cAMP, activation of PKA and MAPK pathways and phosphorylation of CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Li
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kou-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ian A Tamargo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Chen X, Xing J, Jiang L, Qian W, Wang Y, Sun H, Wang Y, Xiao H, Wang J, Zhang J. Involvement of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in methamphetamine-induced neural damage. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:1460-7. [PMID: 26923100 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH), an illicit drug, is widely abused in many parts of the world. Mounting evidence shows that METH exposure contributes to neurotoxicity, particularly for the monoaminergic neurons. However, to date, only a few studies have tried to unravel the mechanisms involved in METH-induced non-monoaminergic neural damage. Therefore, in the present study, we tried to explore the mechanisms for METH-induced neural damage in cortical neurons. Our results showed that METH significantly increased intracellular [Ca(2) (+) ]i in Ca(2) (+) -containing solution rather than Ca(2) (+) -free solution. Moreover, METH also upregulated calmodulin (CaM) expression and activated CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Significantly, METH-induced neural damage can be partially retarded by CaM antagonist W7 as well as CaMKII blocker KN93. In addition, L-type Ca(2) (+) channel was also proved to be involved in METH-induced cell damage, as nifedipine, the L-type Ca(2) (+) channel-specific inhibitor, markedly attenuated METH-induced neural damage. Collectively, our results suggest that Ca(2) (+) -CaM-CaMKII is involved in METH-mediated neurotoxicity, and it might suggest a potential target for the development of therapeutic strategies for METH abuse. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Jingjing Xing
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Wenyi Qian
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
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Kuo CC, Shen H, Harvey BK, Yu SJ, Kopajtic T, Hinkle JJ, Kyrkanides S, Katz JL, Wang Y. Differential modulation of methamphetamine-mediated behavioral sensitization by overexpression of Mu opioid receptors in nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:661-72. [PMID: 26554386 PMCID: PMC7336502 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4134-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Repeated administration of methamphetamine (Meth) induces behavioral sensitization which is characterized by a progressive increase in locomotor response after each injection. Previous studies have shown that Mu opioid receptors (MORs) can regulate Meth-mediated behavioral sensitization. However, the reported interactions are controversial; systemic activation of MORs either enhanced or suppressed Meth sensitization. It is possible that alteration of Meth sensitization after systemic administration of MOR ligands reflects the sum of distinct MOR reactions in multiple brain regions. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to examine the actions of MORs on Meth sensitization after regionally selective overexpression of human MOR through an AAV6-based gene delivery system. METHOD We demonstrated that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-MOR increased MOR immunoreactivity and binding in vitro. AAV-MOR or AAV-green fluorescent protein (GFP) was injected into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) or ventral tegmental area (VTA) of adult mice. Two weeks after viral infection, animals received Meth or saline for five consecutive days. Locomotor behavior and striatal dopamine (DA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) level were determined. RESULTS Repeated administration of Meth progressively increased locomotor activity; this sensitization reaction was attenuated by intra-NAc AAV-MOR microinjections. Infusion of AAV-MOR to VTA enhanced Meth sensitization. AAV-MOR significantly enhanced DA levels in VTA after VTA infection but reduced DOPAC/DA turnover in the NAc after NAc injection. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a differential modulation of Meth sensitization by overexpression of MOR in NAc and VTA. Regional manipulation of MOR expression through AAV may be a novel approach to control Meth abuse and psychomimetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chung Kuo
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hui Shen
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Brandon K. Harvey
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan,Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Theresa Kopajtic
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Josh. J. Hinkle
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Stephanos Kyrkanides
- Department of Children’s Dentistry, Stony Brook University Health Science Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8701, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Katz
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. .,Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Seo JW, Jones SM, Hostetter TA, Iliff JJ, West GA. Methamphetamine induces the release of endothelin. J Neurosci Res 2015; 94:170-8. [PMID: 26568405 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a potent psychostimulant drug of abuse that increases release and blocks reuptake of dopamine, producing intense euphoria, factors that may contribute to its widespread abuse. It also produces severe neurotoxicity resulting from oxidative stress, DNA damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, microgliosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Intracerebral hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke have been reported after intravenous and oral abuse of methamphetamine. Several studies have shown that methamphetamine causes vasoconstriction of vessels. This study investigates the effect of methamphetamine on endothelin-1 (ET-1) release in mouse brain endothelial cells by ELISA. ET-1 transcription as well as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation and transcription were measured following methamphetamine treatment. We also examine the effect of methamphetamine on isolated cerebral arteriolar vessels from C57BL/6 mice. Penetrating middle cerebral arterioles were cannulated at both ends with a micropipette system. Methamphetamine was applied extraluminally, and the vascular response was investigated. Methamphetamine treatment of mouse brain endothelial cells resulted in ET-1 release and a transient increase in ET-1 message. The activity and transcription of eNOS were only slightly enhanced after 24 hr of treatment with methamphetamine. In addition, methamphetamine caused significant vasoconstriction of isolated mouse intracerebral arterioles. The vasoconstrictive effect of methamphetamine was attenuated by coapplication of the endothelin receptor antagonist PD145065. These findings suggest that vasoconstriction induced by methamphetamine is mediated through the endothelin receptor and may involve an endothelin-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Woo Seo
- Neurotrauma Research, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado
| | - Susan M Jones
- Neurotrauma Research, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado
| | | | - Jeffrey J Iliff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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